資源簡介

新概念第三冊
Lesson 16 Mary had a little lamb
單詞精講
prize adj.珍貴的，寶貴的
【釋義】具有很高價值、非常值得珍視的。
【詞源】源自拉丁語“pretiosus”，由“pretium”（價格、價值）演變而來，表示有價值的，進而引申為珍貴的、寶貴的。
【短語】prize possession（珍貴的財產(chǎn)）；prize moment（寶貴的時刻）。
【例句】This watch is a prize family heirloom.（這塊手表是一件珍貴的傳家寶。）
tie（v.拴，系）
【釋義】用繩索、帶子等將物體連接、固定或捆綁在一起。
【詞源】源自古英語“tigan”，有“系、綁”的意思。
【短語】tie up（系緊；捆綁；使無空閑）；tie one's shoelaces（系鞋帶）。
【例句】Please tie the dog to the tree.（請把狗拴到樹上。）
theft（n.偷盜行為，偷盜案）
【釋義】未經(jīng)允許拿走他人財物的非法行為或此類案件。
【詞源】源自古英語“theofth”，直接表示盜竊行為。
【短語】theft prevention（防盜）；commit a theft（實施盜竊行為）。
【例句】There has been a series of thefts in this area.（這個地區(qū)發(fā)生了一系列盜竊案。）
accuse（v.指控）
【釋義】聲稱某人做了錯事、違法之事或應(yīng)對某事負(fù)責(zé)。
【詞源】源自拉丁語“accusare”，由“ad -”（針對）和“causa”（原因、事情）組成，即針對某事指出某人的責(zé)任。
【短語】accuse sb. of sth.（指控某人某事）；be accused（被指控）。
【例句】They accused him of stealing the money.（他們指控他偷了錢。）
deny（v. 否認(rèn)）
【釋義】聲明某事不是真實的；拒絕承認(rèn)或接受。
【詞源】源自古法語“denier”，有“拒絕”的意思。
【短語】deny doing sth.（否認(rèn)做某事）；deny a claim（拒絕一項要求）。
【例句】He denied that he had ever been there.（他否認(rèn)他曾經(jīng)去過那里。）
ashamed（adj.感到羞恥，慚愧）
【釋義】因為自己的行為、處境或與自己有關(guān)的事情而感到不自在、愧疚或恥辱。
【詞源】源自古英語“sceamian”，表示感到羞恥。
【短語】be ashamed of（對……感到羞恥）；feel ashamed（感到慚愧）。
【例句】She was ashamed of her bad behavior.（她為自己的不良行為感到羞恥。）
apologize（v.道歉）
【釋義】為自己的錯誤、冒犯等表示歉意。
【詞源】源自希臘語“apologia”，最初表示為自己辯護，后來演變?yōu)楸硎镜狼浮?br/>【短語】apologize to sb.（向某人道歉）；apologize for sth.（為某事道歉）。
【例句】You should apologize to her for your rudeness.（你應(yīng)該為你的無禮向她道歉。）
dye（v.染）
【釋義】使用染料改變物體（如布料、毛發(fā)等）的顏色。
【詞源】源自古英語“deagian”，有“染色”的意思。
【短語】dye one's hair（染發(fā)）；dye a dress（染一件衣服）。
【例句】She decided to dye her hair red.（她決定把頭發(fā)染成紅色。）
二、課文精講
1.Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece.瑪麗與丈夫迪米特里住在希臘南部一個叫波拉考拉的小村莊里。
in the tiny village of...
in the big city of Beijing
in the beautiful city of Paris.
2.One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her.瑪麗最珍貴的財產(chǎn)之一就是丈夫送給她的一只白色小羔羊。
possession: 所有物
What I possess is valuable.
My possessions are valuable.
3.She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening.白天，瑪麗把羔羊拴在地里的一顆樹上，每天晚上把它牽回家。
keep: 使……處于某種狀態(tài)
keep后的復(fù)合賓語（賓語補足語）可以是形容詞、介詞短語、分詞
keep和過去分詞搭配做賓語補足語，過去分詞和賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系
賓語補足語和賓語是主謂關(guān)系，那么賓語補足語是現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)
I keep my windows closed.
I kept the boy standing outside.
4. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.繩子被人割斷，很明顯小羔羊是被人偷走了。
It is obvious that...很明顯
5. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.他馬上出去找偷羔羊的人。
set out to do sth.: 開始著手做某事
6. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village.他知道在這樣一個小村莊里抓住小偷并不困難。
it would not prove difficult, 是不難做到的。
prove是連系動詞，作“證明是”講，本句子與it would not be difficult相同。
7. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.迪米特里立刻去了阿列科家，氣呼呼地指責(zé)他偷了羔羊，
accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 作“指責(zé)、指控某人做某事”解。
8. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police.告訴他最好把羊交還，否則就去叫警察。
tell sb.about sth.
he had better return it, 他最好把羔羊還給迪米特里。
had better用來表達一種建議，建議在將來某一具體場合采取的動作。這個短語比should和ought to的語氣更強烈，常帶有威脅、告誡或催促的意思。
had better do had better not do
We had better have lunch.
She had better renew her passport
You'd better not ask so many questions.
We'd better not stay any longer.
The children had better get an early night
I had better consult my solicitor(律師).
9. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard.阿列科并不承認(rèn)，并把迪米特里領(lǐng)進院子。
denied taking it…,
deny后面可接動名詞作賓語，也可接賓語從句。
10.It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black.不錯，他的確剛買了一只羔羊，阿列科解釋說，但他的羔羊是黑色的。
It is true that...,but...
It is true that the work is hard,but we'll finish it ahead.
11. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitriapologized to Aleko for having accused him.迪米特里為自己的魯莽而感到不好意思，向阿列科道了歉，說是錯怪了他。
apologize to sb. for (doing)sth. , 是“因（做）某事向某人道歉”的意思。

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