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新概念第三冊(cè)
Lesson 19 A very dear cat
單詞精講
dear [di ] a.親愛(ài)的；珍貴的；昂貴的
釋義：作形容詞時(shí)，有“親愛(ài)的”（用于表示親昵關(guān)系，如dear friend親愛(ài)的朋友）、“珍貴的”（形容事物非常寶貴，如a dear memory珍貴的回憶）、“昂貴的”（表示價(jià)格高，如a dear price昂貴的價(jià)格）的意思。
詞源：源自古英語(yǔ)“deore”，表示珍貴的、昂貴的。
短語(yǔ)：dear to（對(duì)…是寶貴的），例如：His family is very dear to him.（他的家人對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)非常寶貴。）
例句：My dear mother is always there for me.（我親愛(ài)的母親總是在我身邊。）
kidnapper n.綁架者，拐騙者
釋義：指實(shí)施綁架或拐騙行為的人。
詞源：由“kidnap”（綁架、拐騙）這個(gè)動(dòng)詞加上表示人的后綴“ -er”構(gòu)成。“kidnap”由“kid”（小孩）和“nap”（偷）組成，最初表示偷小孩。
短語(yǔ)：kidnapper for ransom（綁架勒索者）
例句：The police are looking for the kidnapper who took the little girl.（警方正在尋找綁架小女孩的綁架者。）
considerable [k n'sid r bl] a.相當(dāng)大的
釋義：表示在數(shù)量、程度、規(guī)模等方面相當(dāng)可觀、值得重視的。
詞源：來(lái)自“consider”（考慮），能讓人加以考慮的，必然是有一定份量的，從而引申出“相當(dāng)大的”的意思。
短語(yǔ)：a considerable amount（相當(dāng)數(shù)量），例如：There is a considerable amount of work to be done.（有相當(dāng)多的工作要做。）
例句：He has made considerable progress in his studies.（他在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了相當(dāng)大的進(jìn)步。）
wealthy ['welθi] a.富的，有錢的
釋義：擁有大量財(cái)產(chǎn)、財(cái)富的。
詞源：源自古英語(yǔ)“welig”，與“wealth”（財(cái)富）相關(guān)。
短語(yǔ)：wealthy family（富裕家庭），例如：He was born into a wealthy family.（他出生在一個(gè)富裕家庭。）
例句：The wealthy businessman donated a lot of money to the school.（這位富有的商人向?qū)W校捐贈(zèng)了很多錢。）
orderly [' :d li] a.有規(guī)律的
釋義：有條理的、整齊的、有秩序的。
詞源：由“order”（秩序、順序）加上“ -ly”構(gòu)成。
短語(yǔ)：orderly arrangement（有序排列），例如：The books on the shelf are in an orderly arrangement.（書(shū)架上的書(shū)排列有序。）
例句：An orderly queue formed outside the store.（商店外面排起了整齊的隊(duì)伍。）
disappearance ['dis 'pi r ns] n.失蹤
釋義：指人或事物突然不見(jiàn)、消失的狀態(tài)或事件。
詞源：由“dis - ”（表示否定、相反）和“appearance”（出現(xiàn)）組成，即不出現(xiàn)，也就是失蹤。
短語(yǔ)：sudden disappearance（突然失蹤），例如：The sudden disappearance of the plane is still a mystery.（飛機(jī)的突然失蹤仍然是個(gè)謎。）
例句：Her disappearance worried her family a great deal.（她的失蹤讓她的家人非常擔(dān)心。）
anonymous [ 'n nim s] a.匿名的
釋義：不具名的、匿名的，身份不被公開(kāi)知道的。
詞源：源自希臘語(yǔ)“anōnumos”，由“an - ”（無(wú)）和“ōnumos”（名字）組成。
短語(yǔ)：anonymous letter（匿名信），例如：He received an anonymous letter yesterday.（他昨天收到了一封匿名信。）
例句：The anonymous donor gave a large sum of money to the charity.（匿名捐贈(zèng)者向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了一大筆錢。）
ransom ['r ns m] n.贖金
釋義：為贖回被綁架、扣押的人或物而支付的錢或等價(jià)物。
詞源：源自古法語(yǔ)“ran on”，表示贖回。
短語(yǔ)：pay ransom（支付贖金），例如：The kidnappers demanded a huge ransom.（綁架者索要巨額贖金。）
例句：The family managed to raise the ransom to save their kidnapped son.（家人設(shè)法籌集贖金來(lái)解救被綁架的兒子。）
cardboard ['ka:db :d] n.硬紙板
釋義：一種厚而硬的紙制品，通常用于制作盒子、模型等。
詞源：由“card”（卡片）和“board”（板子）組合而成。
短語(yǔ)：cardboard box（紙板箱），例如：The books were packed in a cardboard box.（書(shū)被裝在一個(gè)紙板箱里。）
例句：The children made a house out of cardboard.（孩子們用硬紙板做了一個(gè)房子。）
withdraw [wi 'dr :] v.(從銀行)取錢
釋義：還有“撤回、撤離、收回”等意思，在“(從銀行)取錢”這個(gè)義項(xiàng)中，指從銀行賬戶中取出錢款。
詞源：源自古英語(yǔ)“wi drāwan”，由“wi - ”（回、逆）和“drāwan”（拉）組成，即往回拉，引申出撤回、取錢等意思。
短語(yǔ)：withdraw money（取錢），例如：I need to withdraw some money from the ATM.（我需要從自動(dòng)取款機(jī)取些錢。）
例句：He withdrew a large sum of money from his bank account yesterday.（他昨天從他的銀行賬戶中取出了一大筆錢。）
punctually ad.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地
釋義：按照規(guī)定的時(shí)間、準(zhǔn)時(shí)地做某事。
詞源：由“punctual”（準(zhǔn)時(shí)的）加上“ -ly”構(gòu)成副詞形式。“punctual”源自拉丁語(yǔ)“punctus”，與“point”（點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻）有關(guān)，表示在某一時(shí)刻正好。
短語(yǔ)：arrive punctually（準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)），例如：He always arrives punctually at the meeting.（他總是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)會(huì)議。）
例句：The train left punctually at 9 o'clock.（火車9點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)出發(fā)。）
astound [ s'taund] v.使吃驚
釋義：使某人極度驚訝、驚愕。
詞源：由“as - ”（加強(qiáng)意義）和“stound”（使震驚）組成。
短語(yǔ)：be astounded at（對(duì)…感到驚愕），例如：She was astounded at the news.（她對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到驚愕。）
例句：His performance astounded the audience.（他的表演使觀眾大為吃驚。）
二、課文精講
1 Why was Rastus very dear in more ways than one
2 Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs.Rarely = seldom adv.很少地be interest in = take interest in （一句話中用不同的表達(dá)方式, 是為了避免從復(fù)）took great interest in = take enormous/tremendous interest in
3 Eleanor Ramsay s cat. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.share something with somebody 和某人分享某物-- I share the room with my friend.For a great many years = for a long time.
4 Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o clock.Orderly adj.有秩序的, 有順序的Discipline v.訓(xùn)練 n.紀(jì)律, 學(xué)科 Disciplined n.受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的,遵守紀(jì)律的Regular adj.規(guī)則的, 有秩序的takes a short walk = goes for a walk = goes for a strollstroll n.漫步, 閑逛
5 One evening, however, he failed to arrive.Mrs. Ramsay got very worried. She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.However的使用表明：he isn’t home that evening.look for, find
6 There days after Rastus disappearance, Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter.after可以和名詞搭配　　-- three days after Johnson’s arrival. 約翰遜到來(lái)三天之后。-- three days after the kidnapper’s appearance.
7 The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of $1,000.State 非常正式的聲明
8 Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door.Instruct = order（vt.命令） = tell formally（adv.正式地, 形式上）be instructed to do something-- The journalist was instructed to obtain the exact statistics.
9 At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again – the letter had made that quite clear -- she changed her mind.Fearing 現(xiàn)在分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)make it clear to somebody that…（it是形式主語(yǔ)）-- The teacher has made it clear to us that we must read English aloud every day.
10 She withdrew $1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper s instructions.
11 The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word.Keep his word = keep his promise 遵守諾言 word表示諾言時(shí), 要采用單數(shù)形式keep his word 遵守諾言 / break his word 失信用give somebody one s word 向某人保證-- I give you my word that I will return your bicycle.as good as one s word 表示守信用（側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)結(jié)果）-- He promised to pay me the money and he was as good as his word. 他許諾把錢給我, 正如他所言他遵守了他的諾言。go back on one s word 食言, 違背諾言
12 Sure enough, Rastus arrived punctually at seven o clock that evening.sure enough 強(qiáng)調(diào)確實(shí)如此-- I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen.
13 He looked very well though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk.half a bottle of milk 半瓶牛奶half the money 一半的錢 / half the distance 一半的距離
14 The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done.She explained that Rastus was very dear to her.
15 Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!in more ways than one = in many waysdear具有雙重意義（即是親愛(ài)的, 又是昂貴的）

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