資源簡介 新概念第三冊Lesson 20 Pioneer pilots單詞精講pioneer n.先驅(qū)【釋義】名詞時,指的是那些在某個領(lǐng)域中最先探索、創(chuàng)新或做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的人或事物。例如,科技領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)者是那些最早開展某項新技術(shù)研究或應(yīng)用的科學(xué)家。【詞源】源于古法語“pionnier”,最初表示步兵中的先頭部隊,這些部隊在行軍或作戰(zhàn)中處于最前端,開辟道路等,后來逐漸引申為各個領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)者。【短語】“pioneer in”(在……方面的先驅(qū)),例如:He is a pioneer in artificial intelligence research.(他是人工智能研究的先驅(qū)。)“young pioneer”(少先隊員,常見于特定語境下,如中國的少年先鋒隊成員)。【例句】The Wright brothers were pioneers in the field of aviation.(萊特兄弟是航空領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)。)lord n.對(英國)貴族的尊稱;勛爵【釋義】在英國社會體系中,是對貴族的一種尊稱,可表示擁有貴族頭銜的人,如公爵(duke)、侯爵(marquis)、伯爵(earl)、子爵(viscount)、男爵(baron)等都可被尊稱為“l(fā)ord”;也用于特定的勛爵稱呼。【詞源】源自古英語“hlāford”,由“hlāf”(面包)和“weard”(守護(hù)者)組成,最初表示家庭或部落中的首領(lǐng),負(fù)責(zé)守護(hù)食物等資源,后來演變?yōu)閷F族等的尊稱。【短語】“Lord of the Manor”(莊園主),例如:The Lord of the Manor had great power in the local area.(莊園主在當(dāng)?shù)赜泻艽蟮臋?quán)力。)“Lord Mayor”(市長閣下,在某些城市用于稱呼市長,特別是有一定歷史傳統(tǒng)的城市)。【例句】Lord Henry was invited to the royal banquet.(亨利勛爵被邀請參加皇家宴會。)Calais n. 加來(法國港市)【釋義】是法國北部的一個重要港市,位于多佛爾海峽(英吉利海峽最窄處)南岸,是重要的交通樞紐和商業(yè)港口。【詞源】來源于古法語,具體的詞源演變與當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史發(fā)展和語言變化相關(guān)。【短語】“Calais port”(加來港),例如:Many ships pass through the Calais port every day.(每天有許多船只經(jīng)過加來港。)【例句】We took a ferry from Dover to Calais.(我們乘坐渡輪從多佛到加來。)overland adj. 陸上的【釋義】用來描述與陸地相關(guān)的、通過陸地進(jìn)行的事物或方式。例如“overland journey”(陸上旅行),區(qū)別于海上或空中的旅行方式。【詞源】由“over”(在……之上、越過)和“l(fā)and”(陸地)組成,直接表達(dá)了在陸地上的這一概念。【短語】“overland route”(陸路,陸上路線),例如:They chose the overland route to cross the continent.(他們選擇陸路穿越大陸。)“overland trade”(陸上貿(mào)易)。【例句】The overland transportation of goods is sometimes more cost - effective.(貨物的陸上運(yùn)輸有時更具成本效益。)二、課文精講1.In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of $1,000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel.1908年,諾斯克利夫勛爵拿出1,000英鎊,作為對第一個飛越英吉利海峽的人的獎勵。 the first man who would fly... = the first man to fly across... 序數(shù)詞和動詞不定式to搭配連用可以代替其后的定語從句 eg. She was the only one to survive the plane crash. offer a prize of sth(指某種獎勵) to sb 給予某人......獎勵 the English Channel, 英吉利海峽 大西洋延伸的部分,長約350英里(約560公里),將英法兩國的領(lǐng)土分開。2.Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.然而一年多過去了才有人出來嘗試。 attempt n.&vt.試圖,嘗試,其語氣比try要強(qiáng)烈 相關(guān)詞組: (1)in one's attempt eg.She failed in her attempt to swim the channel.她橫渡海峽的嘗試失敗了。 (2)make an attempt on 嘗試,試圖 eg.He made an attempt on the mountain.他試圖翻越那座山。 (3)make an attempt to do 嘗試,試圖 eg. She made any attempt to run away.她想方設(shè)法逃走。 (4)make no attempt沒有......企圖,嘗試 eg. She made an attempt to run away.她沒有想逃走。3.He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea.但他只在海峽上空飛行了7英里,引擎就發(fā)生了故障,他只好降落在海面上。 when = at that moment failed:這里意思是: break down,失靈,出故障 fail 失敗,忽視; fail to 未能 eg. She failed to win the prize. eg. When l saw him, my words failed me. be forced to do 被迫做......4.The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.“安特瓦特”號飛機(jī)在海上漂浮,后來有船經(jīng)過,萊瑟姆方才獲救。 pick up此處作“(從海里)救起”解;save, rescue5.Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'.兩天之后,路易斯.布萊里奧駕駛一名為“11號”的飛機(jī)來到加來附近。 with a plane: with 具有、帶有6.Latham, however, did not give up easily.但是萊瑟姆不肯輕易罷休。 did not give up easily, 不輕易作罷。 give up當(dāng)“放棄”講。7.It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel.看來會有一場激烈的飛越英吉利海峽的競爭。 as if引導(dǎo)的從句作起系動詞作用的look的表語,其中謂語動詞 would be表示與未來的事實不相符的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg. lt looked as if there would be a heavy storm.8.After making a short test flight at 4:15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later.布萊里奧凌晨4點15分作了一次短距離試飛,半小時后便正式出發(fā)了。 make a short test flight 作了短暫的試飛后9.Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again.萊瑟姆一周以后也作了一次嘗試,飛到離多佛不到半英里的地方。這次他又遭厄運(yùn), got within half a mile of Dover, 到了離多佛不到半英里的地方。 Dover, 多佛港,是英吉利海峽的一個港口,對面是法國港口加來。多佛與加來相距21英里(34公里),是英吉利海峽最窄的部分。10.Key structures 介詞和關(guān)系代詞搭配連用,當(dāng)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是介詞的賓語時,能夠把可移位的介詞提前放在關(guān)系代詞的前面——正式 在非正式問題和口語當(dāng)中,介詞一般要放在從句的末尾 This is the person about whom I was telling you. Is this the book for which you asked me 決定介詞位置的四個因素 1.如果是口語,介詞位于句尾,同時關(guān)系代詞可以省略 2.非正式問題,介詞位于從句句尾 3.有些代詞+介詞,合成詞組被看作是不可分隔的語言單位 這個時候介詞必須緊跟動詞,不可移位 take after account for... 4.在很多情況下,介詞和關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立的介詞短語,在句中起著狀語作用,與從句的謂語動詞毫無關(guān)系,而不是謂語動詞的一部分,這時介詞始終位于關(guān)系代詞之前 He described it was a very agreeable situation located within two small hills In the midst of two small hills,flowed a great river. He described it as a very agreeable situations located within tow small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river. Mrs.Ramsay received an anonymous letter in which the writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands. 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫