資源簡介 新概念第三冊Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard單詞精講skeleton n.骷髏【釋義】指人或動物死后,肉體腐爛后剩下的骨頭框架,也可用于比喻事物的框架、輪廓或基本結(jié)構(gòu)。【詞源】源自古希臘語“skeletos”,有干枯的、干癟的意思,最初用于描述尸體干枯后的骨頭架子。【短語】“skeleton in the closet”(不可告人的秘密),例如:Everyone has a skeleton in the closet.(每個人都有一些不可告人的秘密。)“human skeleton”(人體骨骼)。【例句】The archaeologists found a complete skeleton at the ancient burial site.(考古學(xué)家在古代墓葬遺址發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具完整的骷髏。)seemingly adv. 表面上地【釋義】表示根據(jù)表面現(xiàn)象或從外觀來看,不一定反映真實的內(nèi)在情況。【詞源】由“seem”(看起來、似乎)加上“-ingly”(表示方式的后綴)組成,表示看起來的方式,即表面上地。【短語】“seemingly easy”(表面上容易),例如:The task was seemingly easy but actually very difficult.(這項任務(wù)表面上容易但實際上非常困難。)【例句】Seemingly, he was calm, but in fact he was very nervous.(表面上,他很平靜,但實際上他非常緊張。)respectable adj. 體面的,雅觀的【釋義】形容人或事物具有符合社會規(guī)范、值得尊重的品質(zhì),外觀或行為上顯得正派、得體。【詞源】源自“respect”(尊重)加上“-able”(可……的)后綴,表示可被尊重的,即體面的。【短語】“respectable family”(體面的家庭),例如:She comes from a respectable family.(她來自一個體面的家庭。)“respectable appearance”(雅觀的外表)。【例句】He always wears a respectable suit to work.(他總是穿著得體的西裝去上班。)conceal v.隱藏,隱瞞【釋義】把某物或某事藏起來不讓人看見、知道,故意掩蓋真相或信息。【詞源】源自古法語“conceler”,在拉丁語中有“concelare”,表示完全隱藏起來。【短語】“conceal from”(對……隱瞞),例如:He tried to conceal his mistake from his boss.(他試圖向老板隱瞞他的錯誤。)“conceal oneself”(隱藏自己)。【例句】The thief concealed the stolen goods in a secret place.(小偷把偷來的東西藏在一個秘密的地方。)vivid adj.生動的【釋義】形容事物具有鮮明、強烈的色彩、形象或細(xì)節(jié),能給人以深刻的印象,好像栩栩如生。【詞源】源自拉丁語“vividus”,有充滿生命力的、活潑的意思,后引申為生動的。【短語】“vivid description”(生動的描述),例如:The author gave a vivid description of the scenery.(作者對風(fēng)景作了生動的描述。)“vivid memory”(清晰的記憶)。【例句】Her vivid performance on stage attracted a lot of audiences.(她在舞臺上生動的表演吸引了很多觀眾。)dramatic adj. 令人激動的,扣人心弦的【釋義】與戲劇有關(guān)或具有戲劇的特點,形容事情發(fā)展突然、變化劇烈,能引起強烈的情感反應(yīng)。【詞源】源自“drama”(戲劇)加上“-tic”(形容詞后綴),表示具有戲劇性質(zhì)的。【短語】“dramatic change”(戲劇性的變化),例如:There has been a dramatic change in the economic situation.(經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況發(fā)生了戲劇性的變化。)“dramatic performance”(戲劇性的表演)。【例句】The movie has a dramatic ending that left the audience in shock.(這部電影有一個扣人心弦的結(jié)局,讓觀眾大為震驚。)ruin v.毀壞【釋義】使某物受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p害,以至于失去原有的價值、功能或完整性,也可用于比喻破壞計劃、聲譽等。【詞源】源自古法語“ruine”,最初表示倒塌、崩潰,后指毀壞。【短語】“ruin one's career”(毀掉某人的事業(yè)),例如:His bad behavior ruined his career.(他的不良行為毀掉了他的事業(yè)。)“ruin a building”(毀壞一座建筑物)。【例句】The flood ruined a large number of houses.(洪水毀壞了大量房屋。)heroine n.女主人公【釋義】在故事(如小說、電影、戲劇等)中,作為主角的女性角色,通常具有勇敢、善良、智慧等優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。【詞源】由“hero”(英雄)加上表示女性的后綴“-ine”組成,表示女英雄,在文學(xué)作品中即女主人公。【短語】“the heroine of the story”(故事中的女主人公),例如:The heroine of the story is a brave princess.(故事中的女主人公是一位勇敢的公主。)【例句】In this novel, the heroine overcomes many difficulties.(在這部小說中,女主人公克服了許多困難。)fiction n.小說【釋義】一種文學(xué)體裁,通過虛構(gòu)的人物、情節(jié)和環(huán)境來講述故事,可以是長篇小說、短篇小說等。【詞源】源自古法語“fiction”,在拉丁語中有“fictio”,表示虛構(gòu)、捏造。【短語】“science fiction”(科幻小說),例如:I like to read science fiction.(我喜歡讀科幻小說。)“fiction writer”(小說作家)。【例句】This fiction is based on a real - life story.(這部小說基于一個現(xiàn)實生活中的故事。)varying adj. 不同的【釋義】表示在種類、數(shù)量、程度等方面存在差異、變化的,強調(diào)多樣性。【詞源】源于“vary”(變化)加上“-ing”(形容詞后綴),表示正在變化的或具有變化性的,即不同的。【短語】“varying opinions”(不同的意見),例如:There are varying opinions on this issue.(在這個問題上有不同的意見。)【例句】The students showed varying levels of understanding.(學(xué)生們表現(xiàn)出不同程度的理解。)medicine n.醫(yī)學(xué)【釋義】一門研究人體健康、疾病診斷、治療和預(yù)防的科學(xué),也指用于治療疾病的藥物。【詞源】源自古法語“medecine”,在拉丁語中有“medicina”,表示治療的藝術(shù)。【短語】“traditional medicine”(傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)),例如:Chinese traditional medicine has a long history.(中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)有著悠久的歷史。)“modern medicine”(現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué))。【例句】He is studying medicine at university.(他正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)。)guestroom n. (家庭中的)來客住房【釋義】家庭中專門為客人準(zhǔn)備的房間,供客人住宿休息。【詞源】由“guest”(客人)和“room”(房間)組成,表示客人使用的房間。【短語】“clean the guestroom”(打掃來客住房),例如:She cleaned the guestroom before the guests arrived.(在客人到來之前她打掃了來客住房。)【例句】The guestroom is on the second floor.(來客住房在二樓。)unpack vt. (從箱中)取出【釋義】把物品從箱子、包裹等容器中取出,與“pack”(打包)相反。【詞源】由“un - ”(表示相反動作)和“pack”(打包)組成,表示打開包裹取出東西。【短語】“unpack the suitcase”(打開行李箱),例如:When he arrived at the hotel, he unpacked his suitcase.(當(dāng)他到達(dá)酒店時,他打開了行李箱。)【例句】She unpacked the presents one by one.(她一個一個地取出禮物。)stack v.(整齊地)堆放,排放【釋義】將物品整齊地堆放在一起,通常是一個疊在另一個上面或者一個挨著一個排列。【詞源】源自古英語“stacian”,有堆積、堆疊的意思。【短語】“stack up”(堆積起來),例如:Please stack up these books neatly.(請把這些書整齊地堆起來。)【例句】The workers stacked the boxes in the warehouse.(工人們在倉庫里堆放箱子。)underclothes n. 內(nèi)衣【釋義】穿在里面貼近身體的衣物,包括內(nèi)褲、胸罩等。【詞源】由“under”(在……下面)和“clothes”(衣服)組成,表示穿在其他衣服下面的衣服,即內(nèi)衣。【短語】“change one's underclothes”(更換內(nèi)衣),例如:It is important to change your underclothes regularly.(定期更換內(nèi)衣是很重要的。)【例句】She bought some new underclothes at the department store.(她在百貨商店買了一些新內(nèi)衣。)drawer n. 抽屜【釋義】家具(如桌子、柜子等)中可拉出或推進(jìn)的部分,用于存放物品。【詞源】源自古英語“dragan”(拉),表示可以拉出來的部分,即抽屜。【短語】“open the drawer”(打開抽屜),例如:He opened the drawer to find a pen.(他打開抽屜找一支筆。)【例句】There are some papers in the drawer.(抽屜里有一些文件。)petrify v.使驚呆【釋義】使某人因極度恐懼、驚訝等而無法動彈或做出反應(yīng),好像變成石頭一樣。【詞源】源自古希臘語“petra”(石頭)和“-fy”(使……化)后綴,使變成石頭,引申為使驚呆。【短語】“be petrified with fear”(被嚇呆),例如:The little girl was petrified with fear when she saw the snake.(小女孩看到蛇時被嚇呆了。)【例句】The sudden noise petrified him for a moment.(突然的噪音使他一時驚呆了。)dangle v.懸掛【釋義】使某物在空中晃蕩、懸垂,通常是一端固定,另一端自由擺動。【詞源】可能源自古斯堪的納維亞語,有搖晃、擺動的意思。【短語】“dangle from”(從……懸掛),例如:The keys dangled from his belt.(鑰匙從他的腰帶上懸掛著。)【例句】A spider dangles a thread.(蜘蛛吐出一根絲懸垂著。)sway v.搖擺【釋義】物體(如樹枝、身體等)來回擺動、搖晃,也可表示在觀點、情感等方面的動搖。【詞源】源自古英語“swāgan”,有彎曲、擺動的意思。【短語】“sway back and forth”(前后搖擺),例如:The branches sway back and forth in the wind.(樹枝在風(fēng)中前后搖擺。)【例句】His opinion swayed after hearing different arguments.(聽了不同的論點后,他的觀點動搖了。)unsympathetic adj. 不表同情的,無動于衷的【釋義】形容人對他人的痛苦、困難等缺乏同情心,沒有表現(xiàn)出同情或關(guān)心的態(tài)度。【詞源】由“un - ”(否定前綴)和“sympathetic”(同情的)組成,表示不同情的。【短語】“unsympathetic attitude”(不表同情的態(tài)度),例如:His unsympathetic attitude made her feel disappointed.(他不表同情的態(tài)度讓她感到失望。)【例句】The boss was unsympathetic to his employees' problems.(老板對員工的問題無動于衷。)二、課文精講1.We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.在小說中,我們經(jīng)常讀到一個表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭,卻有著某種多年不為人所知的駭人聽聞的秘密。 how引導(dǎo)賓語從句 which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾說明secret seemingly: 9=from appearence )從表面上看來, a seemingly respectable person:表面上受尊重的人 some—表示“某一個”,修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 conceal sth, from sb. 作“對某人隱瞞某事”解。2.The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.語中有一個生動的說法來形容這種情況。 possess=have got, own ) 不定式to作定語,修飾說明vivid saying, 來描述這種場景。 3.The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton in the cupboard'.驚人的秘密稱作“柜中骷髏”。 A skeleton in the cupboard,直譯為“柜中骷髏”,此系一成語,作“家丑”解。 frightened: 在某個特定的場合下,受到驚嚇 terrified:表示驚嚇的程度,更加強烈,感到恐怖 afraid (of ): 表示一種狀態(tài),永久性的恐懼 4.At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined.在小說的某個戲劇性時刻,可怕的秘密泄漏出來,接著便是某人的聲譽掃地。 ruin 泛指概念,表示毀壞的過程不是一下完成的 (spoil ) The rain ruined / spoiled our holiday.5.The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.當(dāng)讀者讀到小說最后幾頁了解到書中女主人公,那位一向待大家很好的可愛的老婦人年輕時一連毒死了她的5個丈夫時,不禁會毛骨悚然。 The reader's hair stands on end,讀者感到毛骨悚然。 one's hair stands on end :某人感到毛骨悚然的 I thought I was alone in my room until I heard the mysterious noice again, and my hair stands on end. make/set one's hair stand on end: 使某人感到毛骨悚然的 in her youth:在她年輕時 every one of與介詞of 連用時要分開6.It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction.這種事發(fā)生在小說中是無可非議的。 it is all very well but 不贊成不滿意的反語,“好倒是好,但是……” Eg: It is all very well for them to ask me to do it, but I am too busy. It is all very well for you to suggent taking a few days rest, but how can finish our work in time. occur: 某個事件出乎意料的發(fā)生(正式) happen: 某個事件出乎意料發(fā)生 take place: 事件根據(jù)安排“舉行” Eg.: When did the accident happen / occur It occured to me that / to do. It occured to me to open the window. When will the wedding take place 7.To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard.盡管我們?nèi)巳硕加懈鞣N大小秘密。連最親密的朋友都不愿讓他們知道,但我們當(dāng)中極少有人有柜中骷髏。 to varying degrees,在不同程度上。 which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾secret learn: 了解某個事實,學(xué)習(xí)某種知識、技能 know 知道某個事實,具有某方面的知識、技能,認(rèn)識、了解某個人(狀態(tài)動詞,不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)) I learned that I had passed the test. She knows about computers. She is learning about computers.8.George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories.喬治年輕時學(xué)過醫(yī),然而,他后來沒當(dāng)上醫(yī)生,卻成了一位成功的偵探小說作家。 instead of + doing----表示相反、沒有、取而代之的是......9.I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified.我打開柜門,站在柜門前一下子驚呆了。 stood in front of it petrified,站在柜前嚇呆了。 stood in front of sth. petrified: 站在…前,目瞪口呆 stand此處表示處于某種狀態(tài),起系動詞的作用,后面常接形容詞、介詞短語或過去分詞,表示主語處于某種狀態(tài)中的特征,可視作表語。10.The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me.由于柜門突然打開,它也隨之輕微搖晃起來,讓我覺得它好像馬上要跳出柜門朝我撲過來似的。 the impression that it was about to leap out…, that引導(dǎo)的從句作impression的同位語。be about to do sth. ,表示按照計劃即將做的動作。 it gave me the impression that:給某人以印象 make a lasting impression on sb: 給某人以不可磨滅的印象 have a false impression of sb: 對某人有錯誤的看法 give sb impression that: 給某人印象 impress sb with sth 用…給某人留下印象 be about to do sth.: 即將,就要。暗示動作即將發(fā)生(多與when連用) I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door. leap out at sb. 跳出來撲向某人11.Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George.我扔下西服沖下樓去告訴喬治。 drop----是我所發(fā)出的主動動作,所以用-ing形式12.But George was unsympathetic. 'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend.但喬治卻無動于衷。“噢,是它呀!他笑著說道,儼然在談?wù)撘晃焕吓笥选?br/> as if 引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫