資源簡介 新概念第三冊Lesson 31 A lovable eccentric單詞精講lovable adj. 可愛的【釋義】具有吸引人的特質,令人喜愛、覺得親切的,可形容人、動物或事物。【詞源】由“love”(愛)加上“ - able”(可……的)后綴組成,表示可被愛的,即可愛的。【短語】“lovable character”(可愛的性格),例如:The puppy has a lovable character.(這只小狗有可愛的性格。)“lovable face”(可愛的臉)。【例句】The little girl is very lovable with her big eyes and sweet smile.(這個小女孩有著大眼睛和甜美的笑容,非??蓯邸#?br/>eccentric n.(行為)古怪人【釋義】指行為、舉止與常人不同,偏離常規、習俗或社會期望的人,往往表現出奇特、怪異的行為或想法。【詞源】源自古希臘語“ekkentros”,表示偏離中心的,用于形容人的行為偏離正常軌道,即古怪。【短語】“an eccentric old man”(一個古怪的老人),例如:The eccentric old man always wears strange clothes.(這個古怪的老人總是穿著奇怪的衣服。)“eccentric behavior”(古怪行為)。【例句】The town is full of eccentrics who do things their own way.(這個小鎮上滿是按照自己方式做事的古怪人。)disregard v. 不顧,漠視【釋義】故意不理會、不重視某事或某人,對應該考慮的事物或人缺乏應有的關注或尊重。【詞源】由“dis - ”(不、無)和“regard”(關注、尊重)組成,表示不關注、漠視。【短語】“disregard for”(不顧、漠視……),例如:He has a disregard for traffic rules.(他漠視交通規則。)“disregard sb.'s advice”(不理會某人的建議)。【例句】She disregarded the warning and went into the dangerous area.(她不顧警告,進入了危險區域。)convention n.習俗,風俗【釋義】特定社會、群體或文化中被廣泛接受和遵循的傳統行為方式、習慣或規范,包括社交禮儀、節日習俗等。【詞源】源自古法語“convention”,在拉丁語中有“conventio”,表示聚集、約定,表示人們聚集在一起約定俗成的習慣。【短語】“social convention”(社會習俗),例如:In some countries, bowing is a social convention.(在一些國家,鞠躬是一種社會習俗。)“break convention”(打破習俗)。【例句】We should respect the local conventions when traveling abroad.(出國旅行時我們應該尊重當地的習俗。)conscious adj. 感覺到的,意識到的【釋義】對自身的思想、情感、周圍環境或某一特定情況有所察覺、知道的;也可表示神志清醒的。【詞源】源自古法語“conscient”,在拉丁語中有“conscius”,表示知道、意識到,表示有知覺的。【短語】“be conscious of”(意識到……),例如:He is conscious of his own mistakes.(他意識到自己的錯誤。)“conscious decision”(有意識的決定)。【例句】She was conscious that someone was watching her.(她感覺到有人在看她。)invariably adv.總是,經常地【釋義】表示在所有情況下,沒有變化地、始終如一地發生某種情況或表現出某種特征。【詞源】由“in - ”(不)、“vary”(變化)和“ - ably”(副詞后綴)組成,表示不變地,即總是。【短語】“invariably true”(總是正確的),例如:His predictions are invariably true.(他的預測總是正確的。)“invariably happen”(經常發生)。【例句】She invariably arrives early for meetings.(她總是早早地到達會議現場。)routine n.常規;慣例【釋義】指日常的、習慣性的做事方式或活動順序,通常是重復進行的、有規律的程序或事務。【詞源】源自古法語“route”(路線),表示按一定路線進行的常規事務。【短語】“daily routine”(日常慣例),例如:My daily routine includes jogging in the morning.(我的日常慣例包括早晨慢跑。)“break the routine”(打破常規)。【例句】The office routine is very boring for some people.(辦公室的常規工作對一些人來說非常枯燥。)shrewd adj.精明的【釋義】形容人有敏銳的洞察力、判斷力和算計能力,能夠巧妙地處理事務,以達到自己的目的。【詞源】源自古英語“scr d”,表示狡猾的、機靈的,經過演變表示精明的。【短語】“shrewd businessman”(精明的商人),例如:He is a shrewd businessman who always makes profitable deals.(他是一個精明的商人,總是做有利可圖的交易。)“shrewd move”(精明之舉)。【例句】Her shrewd eyes noticed every detail.(她精明的眼睛注意到了每個細節。)eccentricity n.怪僻【釋義】指人或事物具有的古怪、偏離常規的性質或特征,是“eccentric”(古怪的)的名詞形式。【詞源】由“eccentric”加上“ - ity”(名詞后綴)組成,表示古怪的性質,即怪僻。【短語】“display eccentricity”(表現出怪僻),例如:The artist's eccentricity is well - known in the art world.(這位藝術家的怪僻在藝術界是眾所周知的。)“eccentricity of behavior”(行為的怪僻)。【例句】His eccentricity made him stand out from the crowd.(他的怪僻使他在人群中很突出。)legendary adj. 傳奇般的【釋義】具有傳奇色彩的,與傳說、神話有關的,形容事物非常著名、令人驚嘆,仿佛來自傳說一樣。【詞源】由“legend”(傳說)加上“ - ary”(形容詞后綴)組成,表示傳奇的。【短語】“legendary hero”(傳奇英雄),例如:King Arthur is a legendary hero in British history.(亞瑟王是英國歷史上的傳奇英雄。)“legendary story”(傳奇故事)。【例句】The athlete's performance was legendary.(這位運動員的表現堪稱傳奇。)snob n. 勢利小人,諂上欺下的人【釋義】指那些根據他人的社會地位、財富、出身等來評判他人,對地位高者阿諛奉承,對地位低者輕視傲慢的人。【詞源】源自古英語“snub”(冷落、怠慢),最初表示對社會地位低的人進行冷落的人,后演變為勢利小人。【短語】“social snob”(社會勢利眼),例如:Don't be a social snob and judge people only by their appearance.(不要做一個社會勢利眼,只根據外表評判人。)“snobbery attitude”(勢利態度)。【例句】The snob only associated with the rich and famous.(這個勢利小人只與富人和名人交往。)intensely adv. 強烈地【釋義】表示程度非常高,以強烈的方式進行某種行為或表達某種情感。【詞源】由“intense”(強烈的)加上“ - ly”(副詞后綴)組成,表示強烈地。【短語】“intensely competitive”(競爭激烈的),例如:The market is intensely competitive.(市場競爭非常激烈。)“intensely dislike”(非常不喜歡)。【例句】She loves her children intensely.(她強烈地愛著她的孩子。)bedraggled adj. 拖泥帶水的【釋義】形容物體或人因被水、泥等弄臟、弄濕而顯得凌亂、邋遢的樣子。【詞源】由“be - ”(使……)和“draggle”(拖濕、拖臟)組成,表示被弄濕弄臟的。【短語】“bedraggled feathers”(凌亂的羽毛),例如:The bird's bedraggled feathers made it look pitiful.(這只鳥拖泥帶水的羽毛讓它看起來很可憐。)“bedraggled appearance”(邋遢的外表)。【例句】The dog came back from the puddle, looking bedraggled.(狗從水坑回來后,看起來拖泥帶水的。)dump v.把……砰的一聲拋下【釋義】突然、用力地放下或拋下某物,通常伴隨著較大的聲響,也可指傾倒(垃圾等)。【詞源】可能源于擬聲詞,模擬物體拋下時的聲音。【短語】“dump sth. on the floor”(把某物砰的一聲扔在地上),例如:He dumped his bag on the floor and sat down.(他把包砰的一聲扔在地上然后坐下了。)“dump garbage”(傾倒垃圾)。【例句】She angrily dumped the books on the table.(她生氣地把書砰的一聲扔在桌子上。)apologetic adj. 道歉的【釋義】表示有道歉的意思、態度或神情,顯示出對自己的錯誤或不當行為感到懊悔。【詞源】由“apology”(道歉)加上“ - etic”(形容詞后綴)組成,表示道歉的。【短語】“apologetic tone”(道歉的語氣),例如:He spoke in an apologetic tone.(他用道歉的語氣說話。)“apologetic look”(道歉的神情)。【例句】She gave an apologetic smile when she realized her mistake.(當她意識到自己的錯誤時,她露出了一個道歉的微笑。)reprimand v. 訓斥【釋義】正式地、嚴厲地批評某人的錯誤或不當行為,通常是上級對下級或者長輩對晚輩。【詞源】源自古法語“reprimandre”,在拉丁語中有“reprimere”,表示壓制、抑制,表示對不當行為的壓制性批評。【短語】“reprimand sb. for sth.”(因某事訓斥某人),例如:The teacher reprimanded him for being late.(老師因他遲到而訓斥他。)“receive a reprimand”(受到訓斥)。【例句】His boss reprimanded him severely for his carelessness.(他的老板因他的粗心大意而嚴厲地訓斥他。)stage v.暗中策劃【釋義】精心安排、策劃某事(通常是秘密地或有策略地),使某事按照預定的計劃發生。【詞源】源自古法語“estage”(舞臺),最初表示在舞臺上安排表演,后引申為暗中策劃事件。【短語】“stage an event”(策劃一個事件),例如:They staged a protest to demand better working conditions.(他們暗中策劃了一場抗議活動以要求更好的工作條件。)“stage a coup”(策劃政變)。【例句】The rebels staged an uprising against the government.(叛亂者暗中策劃了一場反對政府的起義。)elaborate adj.精心構思的【釋義】經過精心設計、制作或思考的,含有豐富的細節、復雜的結構或精細的工藝。【詞源】由“e - ”(出)和“laborate”(勞動、工作)組成,表示付出勞動精心制作的。【短語】“elaborate plan”(精心構思的計劃),例如:They came up with an elaborate plan to solve the problem.(他們想出了一個精心構思的計劃來解決問題。)“elaborate design”(精心的設計)。【例句】The elaborate wedding ceremony impressed everyone.(精心構思的婚禮儀式給每個人都留下了深刻的印象。)二、課文精講1.True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves.真正古怪的人從不有意引人注意?!eliberately在本句中充當方式狀語。 Set out to do sth.的意思是“打算做某事”。 以下短語都可表示“吸引對…的注意”: draw attention to capture attention to attract attention to hold attention to catch attention to attrest attention to receive attention to 2.They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.他們不顧社會習俗,意識不到自己所作所為有什么特殊之處?!?that引導賓語從句,說明“沒有意識到的”是什么。 This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.他們總能贏得別人的喜愛與尊敬,因為他們給平淡單一的日常生活增添了色彩?! or引導原因狀語從句,說明他們贏得喜愛和尊敬的原因是什么。4.Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town.理查德.科爾森生前是我們鎮上最有名望的人之一?!? up to表示“直到”,后面既可接時間,又可接其他詞或短語。5.He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life.他是個精明能干、有錢的商人,但鎮上大部分人對他生活中的這一個方面幾乎一無所知?! ardly knew anything表示“幾乎一無所知”。6.He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.大家都管他叫迪基。早在他去世前很久,他的古怪行為就成了傳奇故事了。 be known to的意思是“被…熟知”。Before引導時間狀語從句,交代事情發生在迪基去世之前?! ?br/>Dickie disliked snobs intensely.迪基痛恨勢利小人?! ntensely意為“強烈地”,為程度副詞,作狀語?! ?br/>Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot.盡管他有一輛豪華小轎車,但卻很少使用,常常喜歡以步代車?! hough引導讓步狀語從句。preferring always to go on foot為現在分詞短語,作伴隨狀語?! ?br/>Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella.即使大雨傾盆,他也總是拒絕帶傘?! ven when引導讓步狀語從句,強調迪基個性十足?! ?br/>10. One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower.一天,他遇上一場瓢潑大雨,淋得透濕。他走進一家高級商店,要為妻子買一塊價值300英鎊的手表?!?after having been caught in是現在分詞短語的被動語態形式,作時間狀語?!e caught in a heavy shower不可譯作“被趕上了瓢潑大雨”,而應理解為“遇到瓢潑大雨”。 He wanted to buy a 300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.但店員見他渾身泥水的樣子,竟不肯接待他?! hat引導結果狀語從句,such a bedraggled condition指明原因,that從句說明結果是什么?! erve sb.的意思是“為某人服務”,請特別注意,不可想當然地錯用成serve for sb.。 Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag.迪基二話沒說就走了。一會兒,他帶著一個大布袋回到店里。 carrying a large cloth bag為現在分詞短語,作伴隨狀語?! ?br/>As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter.布袋很沉,他重重地把布袋扔在柜臺上?! s引導原因狀語從句,表示因為袋子重,所以把它扔在柜臺上?! ump sth.on的意思是“把某物重重地砸在…上”?! ?br/>The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager.店員讓迪基走開,他置之不理,并要求見經理。 but并列連接兩個轉折關系的句子?! ?br/> Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.經理認出了這位顧客,表示了深深的歉意,還嚴厲地訓斥了店員。 recognising為現在分詞,引導原因狀語; 后面的who引導賓語從句,說明recognising的內容?! eprimand的意思是“訓斥”,語氣較重,注意它和blame(責備)的程度不同,后者語氣較弱,例如:The teacher blamed him for his coming late.(老師責怪他遲到了。)When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag.店員為迪基拿出了那塊手表,迪基把布口袋遞給他。 was given不可譯為“被給”,而應翻譯為主動語態“為…拿”。It contained 300 in pennies.口袋里面裝著300鎊的便士?! ontain用于包括“可見實物”,而include用于包括“抽象事物”。 in pennies作方式狀語,意思是“以便士的形式”。He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left—30,000 pennies in all!他堅持要店員點清那些硬幣后他才離去。這些硬幣加在一起共有 30,000枚! 本句的主體結構為insist on doing sth.(堅持做某事)。 Before引導時間狀語從句。In all常放在句尾,起強調作用,意思是“全部,總共”?! ?br/>On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings.還有一次,他邀請一些著名評論家來參觀他私人收藏的現代畫?! nvite sb.to do sth.的意思是“邀請某人做某事”。 注意本句中的see不作“看”來理解,而應因素為“參觀,觀摩”。This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.這次展覽引起報界廣泛注意,因為這些畫名義上是名家的作品,事實上是迪基自己畫的?!? for引導原因狀語從句,這個從句里面又含有一個though引導的讓步狀語從句。In fact是狀語,起強調作用?!? be supposed to的意思是“被當作”(但實際上不是)?! ?br/>21. It took him four years to stage this elaboratejoke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.他花了4年時間策劃這出精心設計的鬧劇,只是想證明評論家們有時并不解他們所談論的事情?! laborate joke的意思是“精心設計的鬧劇”。 相關短語總結: elaborate account 詳盡的記述 elaborate description 詳盡的描述 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫