資源簡介

Unit 2 The universal language
Grammar and usage（教學設計）
I. Learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. identify the use of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects;
2. use verb-ing forms as subjects and objects in different situations;
3. write a passage using verb-ing forms correctly.
II. Key competence focus
1. Identify the use of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects.
2. Use verb-ing forms as subjects and objects in different situations.
III. Predicted area of difficulty
1. Use verb-ing forms as subjects and objects in different situations.
2. Write a passage using verb-ing forms correctly.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
T shows Ss some sentences with verb-ing forms as subjects and objects in the previous units and asks them to figure out the functions of these verb-ing forms.
T: Hello, everyone. First, I’d like to show you some sentences with verb-ing forms in the previous units. Go through these sentences and figure out the functions of these verb-ing forms.
·Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. (B3 U3)
(verb-ing forms as subject)
·We’ll come back more frequently and we’re also considering taking them to the city to live with us. (B2 U3)
·As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. (B3 U1)
·I was used to checking the news and my friends’ social media updates every few minutes. (B3 U3)
(verb-ing forms as objects)
T: In the first sentence, “sliding into the habit” serves as a subject. In the next three sentences, the underlined parts function as objects.
【設計意圖：學生在之前的課文中，已經接觸了一些verb-ing形式用作主語和賓語的句子。所以先在學生相對熟悉的語境中呈現這些句子，然后再過渡到新知識的學習。】
Step 2 Understanding the story
T asks Ss to read the short article on page 20 and answer the following questions:
·What did people think of the music of Boya
(Everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques.)
·Why did Boya never get tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi
(Because Zhong Ziqi was the only person that really understood his music.)
【設計意圖：培養學生的語篇意識，并且在閱讀的過程中體會verb-ing形式在語境中的用法，為下一步的語法探究做準備?！?br/>Step 3 Exploring the rules concerning verb-ing forms as subjects and objects
Explore the rules concerning verb-ing forms as subjects and work out rule 1.
(1) T asks Ss to work out rule 1.
T: Please read the short article and find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as subjects and fill
in the table below.
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Playing the qin was his life.
Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, ...
..., it’s no use keeping the qin.
Rule 1: When the verb-ing form is used as the subject of a sentence, we can sometimes use the preparatory subject it at the beginning of the sentence.
(2) T reminds Ss that in the following sentence patterns, we tend to use verb-ing forms as real subjects.
① It is no use doing sth
② It is no good doing sth
(3) T asks Ss to translate the following sentences into English.
① 后悔沒有用。
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
②和他爭論是沒有好處的。
It is no good arguing with him.
【設計意圖：結合語篇幫助學生總結出第一條規則，并提醒學生適用于這個規則的常用句型，然后通過句子翻譯練習，讓學生進一步熟悉這些句型。語法知識和語境相結合，再加上操練，為最后在語篇中使用verb-ing形式作主語打下基礎。】
Explore the rules concerning verb-ing forms as objects and work out rule 2.
(1) T asks Ss to work out rule 2.
T: Please read the short article and find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as objects and fill in the table below.
Verb-ing forms as objects
... everyone enjoyed listening ...
Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, ...
When Boya continued playing, ...
..., who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi.
... before going their separate ways, ...
After he finished playing the piece, ...
Rule 2: The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1) verb/preposition or a (2) preposition/verb.
(2) T reminds Ss that the following verbs can be followed by verb-ing forms as objects.
advise、avoid、enjoy、escape、finish、imagine、mind、practise、risk、suggest ...
(3) T reminds Ss that the following phrasal verbs can only be followed by verb-ing forms as objects.
give up、insist on、feel like、be busy、look forward to、devote oneself to、object to、be/get used to/be accustomed to、pay attention to ...
(4) T asks Ss to complete the following sentences:
·I don’t want ______ (sound) like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
·They are considering _____ (buy) the house before the prices go up.
·The children are opposed to ______ (have) the party without their uncle.
·When he saw me, he stopped ______ (say) hello to me.
·She can’t help _______ (clean) the house because she’s busy making a cake.
·I regret _______ (not take) her advice.
(Keys: to sound; buying; having; to say; (to) clean; not having taken)
【設計意圖：結合語篇幫助學生總結出第二條規則，并提醒學生verb-ing形式作賓語的注意點，然后通過完成句子這一實踐活動，讓學生進一步熟悉注意點。語法知識和語境相結合，再加上操練，為最后在語篇中使用verb-ing形式作賓語打下基礎?！?br/>Step 4 Applying the rules
1. Apply the rules in sentence exercises.
T asks Ss to finish B1 on page 21 of the textbook.
T: Please circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blanks.
2. Apply the rules in passage exercises.
(1) T asks Ss to finish B2 on page 21 of the textbook.
T: Below is an article about the music sent into plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
(Keys: 1. representing; 2. to explore; 3. Sending; 4. choosing; 5. selecting; 6. lasting; 7. playing; 8. to enter)
3. Apply the rules in the real situation.
T asks Ss to finish B3 on page 21 of the textbook.
T: Please discuss in pairs how traditional Chinese music can be appreciated by a larger audience. Make a list of measures, using verb-ing forms as subjects or objects. Use the example below to help you.
【設計意圖：這個步驟為學生提供了更多的練習，旨在讓學生在感受、熟悉verb-ing形式作主語和賓語的規則和注意點后，再通過模仿和操練內化所學知識，是語法知識在句子層面、新語境和語篇層面中的運用。層層深入的活動設計體現“學習理解—應用實踐—遷移創新”的英語學習活動觀?！?br/>Step 5 Appreciate famous proverbs
T asks Ss to appreciate the following famous proverbs with verb-ing forms as subjects or objects.
·Doing is better than saying. 與其坐而論，不如立而行。
·Helping others is the source of happiness. 幫助別人是幸福的源泉。
·Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength, while loving someone deeply gives you
courage. 被愛給你力量；愛人給你勇氣。
·You make the failure complete when you stop trying. 不再努力之時，就是完全失敗之日。
·He keeps putting off till tomorrow, for he thinks another tomorrow follows tomorrow.
明日復明日，明日何其多。
【設計意圖：這個步驟給學生提供了一些含有verb-ing形式作主語和賓語的名言佳句。這些句子文辭雋永，言簡意賅，將語法寓于名言學習中，學生不僅可以從中感受到語言的魅力，更能為其中蘊含的睿智折服?！?br/>V. Homework
Write several sentences about what kind of music you like best and explain the reasons, using verb-ing forms correctly.
A possible version:
I like listening to pop music best because of the lyrics, which can be very inspiring. Buying newly-released albums of my favourite singers always excited me. On my way to school or back home, I usually listen to my collection, which makes the journey more relaxing. I spend most of my spare time enjoying music too, instead of watching TV or surfing the Internet. Playing some of my best-loved songs like “My Heart Will Go On”, “Hero” and “You Raise Me Up”, really makes my day.

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