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【細節理解三步法】
解題原則:對原文多處相關信息，進行轉化或整合
解題步驟:
1.讀題干，明確題干的關鍵詞（圈畫）和答題方向（what,why,how)
2.回文定位和題干關鍵詞相關的近義詞（比如說apple-fruit），反義詞（比如說：like-hate）或者解釋性信息（同意替換）
3.利用正確選項特點，確定答案(近義詞替換原文信息，變換原文語態詞性或詞形，簡化或概括原文，正話反說)（說白一點，就是一看就找到線索句，要么就是多個句子信息綜合）
【模擬試煉】
“Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麥棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie. I’m aware that I’m
breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it!As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment withoutdelaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.Instant gratification is also the exact opposite ofwhat we’re taught to do-delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfyingour current want to gain something better in the future. We’ve all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or wake up early to work out
When I get home, should I rest and watch TV first or get started on my homework All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure andavoid pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all
humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now,
it only results in pleasureplagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night. An inability to resist instant gratification may result in underachieving in the long term and failure to meet
certain goals.Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment,and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed
gratification. While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy.
How does the author introduce the topic
By making a contrast.
By giving a definition.
By citing a personal case.
By listing detailed problems.
Which of the following is an example of instant gratification
Purchasing items regardless of budgets.
Exercising regularly for long-term health.
Limiting time on social media platforms.
Finishing homework before watching TV.
What does the underlined word “plagued” in paragraph 5 probably mean
Reminded. B. Highlighted. C. Introduced. D. Bothered.
What may the author agree with
Delayed gratification is pointless.
B. Instant gratification should be prioritized.
Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure.
Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter.
【文本解析】
“Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麥棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie.
“從現在開始，為了身體健康，除了燕麥棒，我不吃任何零食。”這是我昨天告訴自己的，而今天我卻在這里嚼著一塊巧克力。
I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it!
我意識到我違背了對自己的承諾。與其吃這個，我還不如去健身什么的。但問題是，巧克力在這個時刻太好了，我無法拒絕它！
As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit.
當我寫這篇文章的時候，我正在經歷所謂的即時滿足——渴望體驗快樂或滿足，而不是為了未來的利益而拖延。
Essentially, when you want it, you get it.Instant gratification is also the exact opposite ofwhat we’re taught to do-delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfyingour current want to gain something better in the future.
基本上，當你想要的時候，你就會得到。即時滿足也與我們被教導要做的事情完全相反——延遲滿足：決定推遲滿足我們現在的愿望，以便在未來獲得更好的東西。
We’ve all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or wake up early to work out
我們之前都遇到過即時滿足。我應該睡懶覺還是早起鍛煉？
When I get home, should I rest and watch TV first or get started on my homework
當我回到家，我應該先休息看電視還是開始做作業？
All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.
所有人都有尋求快樂和避免痛苦的傾向，這是一個基本但基本的概念，被稱為快樂原則。它最初是由西格蒙德·弗洛伊德創造的，它清楚地表明，在某種程度上，所有人都受到快樂的驅使。
Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles.
不斷尋求快速的快樂可能會帶來后續的麻煩。
However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasureplagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night.
不管不做作業現在看起來多么愉快，它只會帶來快樂——被內疚和深夜最后一刻的恐慌所取代。
An inability to resist instant gratification may result in under achieving in the long term and failure to meet certain goals.
無法抗拒即時的滿足可能會導致長期的成就不足和無法實現某些目標。
Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing.
然而，即時滿足并不一定是一件壞事。
You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment,and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it.
在那一刻，你不必總是對你想要的東西說不，在你需要的時候善待自己是件好事。
In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed
gratification.
換句話說，你“善待自己”的時間只有在延遲 滿足的情況下才有價值。
While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy.
雖然我的巧克力現在可能很好吃，但如果我只在鍛煉或做一些健康的事情后吃它，味道會更好。
【題型解析—寫作手法題】
28.How does the author introduce the topic
作者是如何引入主題的
A.By making a contrast. 通過對比。
B.By giving a definition. 通過給出定義。
C.By citing a personal case. 通過引用一個個人案例。
D.By listing detailed problems.通過列出詳細的問題。
“Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麥棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie.
“從現在開始，為了身體健康，除了燕麥棒，我不吃任何零食。”這是我昨天告訴自己的，而今天我卻在這里嚼著一塊巧克力。
【真題還原—2024年涼山模擬】
（2024 涼山州模擬) Cities, covering less than 2% of the earth's surface, greatly influence climate change, consuming almost 80% of the world's energy and producing more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. Fortunately, net zero emissions (凈零排放) by 2050, a target set at the COP26 conference, could be achieved faster using digital twins cities, according to a recent research.
城市面積不到地球表面的2%，卻極大地影響著氣候變化，消耗著世界上近80%的能源，產生了超過60%的溫室氣體排放。幸運的是，根據最近的一項研究，到2050年，使用數字孿生城市可以更快地實現凈零排放，這是COP26會議設定的目標。
How does the author show the influence of cities on climate change
作者如何展示城市對氣候變化的影響？
By listing data. 通過列出數據。
By giving examples. 舉例子
By comparing opinions. 通過比較意見。
By quoting research findings.通過引用研究結果。
【題型分析—
Which of the following is an example of instant gratification
下面哪個是即時滿足的例子
A.Purchasing items regardless of budgets. 不計預算地購買物品。
B.Exercising regularly for long-term health.為了長期健康，經常鍛煉。
C.Limiting time on social media platforms. 限制在社交媒體平臺上的時間
D.Finishing homework before watching TV.看電視前完成作業。
As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit.
當我寫這篇文章的時候，我正在經歷所謂的即時滿足——渴望體驗快樂或滿足，而不是為了未來的利益而拖延。
【真題還原—2024年北京二模】
In Future City Competition 2021, students need to ________.
在2021年的未來城市競賽中，學生需要
complete more than five tasks完成五項以上的任務
design a city with green energy設計綠色能源城市
address problems on the moon解決月球上的問題
D. make use of lunar resources充分利用月球資源
Future City starts with a question—how can we make the world a better place To answer it, 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students imagine, research, design, and build cities of the future that showcase their solution to a citywide sustainability issue. Past topics include Urban Agriculture, Public spaces, and Green energy while the topic of this year is Living on the Moon. Teams will design a futuristic lunar city and provide examples of how the city uses Moon resources to keep its residents safe and healthy.
未來城市從一個問題開始——我們如何讓世界變得更美好？為了回答這個問題，10年級、11年級和12年級的學生想象、研究、設計和建造未來的城市，展示他們對城市可持續發展問題的解決方案。過去的主題包括都市農業、公共空間和綠色能源，而今年的主題是“居住在月球上”。參賽隊伍將設計一座未來的月球城市，并舉例說明這座城市如何利用月球資源來保障居民的安全和健康。
【題型分析—詞義猜測題】
30.What does the underlined word “plagued” in paragraph 5 probably mean
第5段中劃線的單詞“困擾”可能是什么意思
A.Reminded. 被提醒的
B. Highlighted. 突出的
C. Introduced. 介紹；引進
D. Bothered.打擾
Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles.
不斷尋求快速的快樂可能會帶來后續的麻煩。
However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasureplagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night.
不管不做作業現在看起來多么愉快，它只會帶來快樂——被內疚和深夜最后一刻的恐慌所取代。
【真題還原—2021天津卷B篇】
The poignancy (酸楚) of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise.
喬丹從他喜愛的籃球場上退役去打棒球的辛酸之情，以及促使他做出如此艱難決定的原因，讓我大吃一驚。
As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had.
當我看著他脫下籃球服，換上棒球服時，我看到他把不再適合他的那層衣服扔在了身后，就像我們的蜥蜴一樣。
Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who
they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
他們兩人都沒有選擇改變他們的那個時刻。但在一切都變了之后，他們不得不接受 原來的自己。就像我們一樣。我意識到我們必須學會把過去拋在腦后。
The underlined part leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as_____.
letting go of the past 放下過去 В. looking for a new job 尋找新工作
getting rid of a bad habit 擺脫壞習慣 D. giving up an opportunity 放棄機會
【題型分析—主旨歸納題】
What may the author agree with
作者可能會同意什么
A.Delayed gratification is pointless. 延遲的滿足是沒有意義的。
B.Instant gratification should be prioritized.應該優先考慮即時滿足。
C.Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure.享受這一刻會帶來無盡的快樂。
D.Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter.速食和延遲滿足搭配起來更甜。
In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed
gratification.
換句話說，你“善待自己”的時間只有在延遲 滿足的情況下才有價值。
While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy.
雖然我的巧克力現在可能很好吃，但如果我只在鍛煉或做一些健康的事情后吃它，味道會更好。
【真題還原—2024年天津二模】
What could be the best title for the passage
這篇文章最好的標題是什么？
Camp Smoke營煙
Mom’s Hot Chocolate媽媽熱巧克力
My Neighbours我的鄰居
Grandmother’s Creation祖母的創建
One of my earliest memories was walking up to the smell of camp smoke and my mother’s hot chocolate. My parents were poor, and we lived in the countryside in Portland. Dad had two jobs and Mom was disabled, but that didn’t stop them from heading into the Cascade Mountains several times a year.
我最早的記憶之一是走到營地的煙霧和我母親的熱巧克力的氣味。我的父母很窮，我們住在波特蘭的鄉下。爸爸有兩份工作，媽媽有殘疾，但這并沒有阻止他們每年去喀斯喀特山脈幾次。
Our clothes were old and worn and our food was usually cheap and simple. However, we were always satisfied with our hot chocolate, which was made in a traditional way handed down from my grandmother to my mother.
我們的衣服又舊又破，我們的食物通常又便宜又簡單。然而，我們總是對我們的熱巧克力感到滿意，這是用我祖母傳給我母親的傳統方法制作的。

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