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課題：閱讀理解 總第40課時
教學目標：1.復習講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。教學重點：1.講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。教學難點：1.講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。課時安排：1課時。
教 學 過 程 個 性 修 改　　
第一課時一、題型概述語篇補全的考查特點是，給出一篇300詞左右的短文，其中有4~5處空白，文章后面有5個句子，要求考生根據文章選出其中正確的句子放回文章原有位置，從而補全文章。這種題型重在考查考生把握文章結構、掌握作者思路的能力。這是一種較高層次的閱讀理解題，要求考生能夠從宏觀的角度把握文章的內容和結構，要想做好這類題，必須從語篇的角度，理清文章的脈絡，理解文章的意思。二、策略解讀1.邏輯推理：關注上下文事實細節，抓住上下文的邏輯關系。常見語句邏輯有：并列關系：and, some…others…, first, second, for one thing, for another, on the one hand, on the other hand；…遞進關系：also, too, what's more, besides, not only…but also…轉折關系：however, but, instead, although, though, while, yet…條件：if, unless, as long as…因果關系：because, since, so, therefore, as a result, so/such…that…例證關系：for example, for instance, such as, as, like…【例題1】 Break large tasks up into small ones.If a project looks too big, D The task at hand may seem too great. You may feel defeated （挫敗）before beginning. But every project is doable （可行的） if it's done in small steps.A. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.[解析]點撥：本題中句首首字母是否大寫是排除選項的好方法。因為句子位于從句后，該句首字母并不需要大寫，因此，B選項和C選項不成立。缺失的句子位于一個條件狀語從句的后面，作為條件狀語從句中的主句，首先要理解這個句子本身的邏輯關系，以及該句在整段中的作用。這一小段主要是說要將大的任務拆分成小的任務。根據上下文，如果任務太大，將很難開始一個任務，故選D。2.詞匯復現：同一事物往往會在一段文字中重復出現，常有原詞復現、同義詞復現、同類復現等。【例題2】 BIf your workplace is full of distractions（使人分心的事）， you'll need to make some changes. You may need to remove your phone or TV from your workplace. If people often stop by for a talk, you may need to move to a different place.A. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.[解析]點撥：該句為小標題，表達了整個段落的中心意思。位于句首應大寫排除A、D、E，而在該句下文中，出現changes， 并出現了同義詞remove（移開），同義詞組move to a different place，整段中反復出現要做出改變的意思。因此，該題應選B。3.句式結構復現：相同或者相似句式結構在文中重復出現。【例題3】 Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people’s logical（邏輯的）thinking ability, but also C That’s why it is more and more popular with modern people.A. Weiqi has its special language.B. the game is played until today.C. can develop their calm character.D. the board surface has 361 cross points.E. people from over 40 countries have played it.[解析]點撥：從本段的第一句中“Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people's logical（邏輯的）thinking ability,”中的“can not only improve…”及but also可知該空相應地描述下圍棋的好處，應該選擇“can develop…”,故答案為C。4.明確指代：常用人稱代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞等，指代前文提到的內容，主語指代的人稱和數要一致。【例題4】 Make daily “to do” lists.Before your day ends, make a plan for tomorrow. List upcoming tasks in order of importance. You’ll begin each new day with a head start, already knowing what needs to be done. As you complete each task, check it off. CA. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.[解析]點撥：根據句前為句號，首字母應大寫可排除A、D、E。前文說到，“當你完成每個任務時，把列表中的任務劃掉。”這件事情將會產生什么樣的影響呢？根據上下文，該做法應該產生的是好影響。B與前文無關。在選項中，C選項this即指代前面所說之事，D選項也有it這個代詞，但是D選項為不好的影響且大小寫不符合要求。C選項表示這件事將會給你帶來成就感。故選C。5.抓住主旨：通讀文章后，要抓住文章主旨。位于首段或者段首的句子，一般都是主旨大意句。【例題5】 Susan Cain was a shy girl. She always had a hard time talking with new people. But when she grew up, she became a reporter. D But Susan thought that her shyness made her a better reporter. “Being shy makes me more believable—people feel more comfortable around me,” she said.A. For example, children who are always criticized（批評）by their family can become shy.B. This kind of baby likes to make noise.C. Most people don't like to make friends with shy people.D. This job is usually for a person who likes to talk in front of people.E. But when they are in a new place, they become afraid.[解析]點撥：該段是文章的首段，主題是關于shyness。這一段使用“Susan”這一“shy”女孩變成一個記者這一事例，引出主題。選項A、B、E與前后文無關，可排除。D項，是關于“記者”這一工作的大眾印象，與下文巧妙結合,凸顯出shyness的積極作用且符合后文“but”的轉折邏輯。故選D。6.關注位置：通常位于小標題位置的空體現了下文段落的主旨，一方面可以根據下文段落判斷內容，另一方面可以根據上下文的小標題判斷句式。位于段首的空引起下文或者統領下文，位于段尾的空一般會總結上文，位于段中的空往往是承上啟下。【例題6】 Are you having trouble in reading, writing, listening or speaking …You can improve any and all of these skills through practice and repetition （重復） with the following tips.Read for at least half an hour every day.…Reading is very important to all of us…ATry your hand at writing a novel, a short story, a poem, a play, or any other kind of creative writing. If you work at it bit by bit each day, it will improve your writing skills as well as exercise your creativity.Listen to the instructor and listen well.While you're listening, write down good notes and important details （細節） he or she says…Speak in front of a class.Take a topic and explain it and be sure to talk loud and clear so people can understand what you are saying…A. Write a literary piece.B. If you do, you are sure to understand better.C. It builds our knowledge and it exercises our brains.D. If so, this article may help you.E. There will always be ways in which you can improve.[解析]點撥：觀察上下文，此空在小標題的位置，那么應該和上下段的小標題句式保持一致，應為祈使句。而且小標題也是一個段落的主旨，所以根據下文信息，答案應選A。【結語】 總的來說，語篇補全可分五步完成：1.先預測，抓主干；2.抓選項及上下文關鍵詞；3.注意連詞、代詞等；4.段首為中心，段尾為總括，段中是細節；5.先易后難，淺斟細酌。三、實踐應用（2024·四川德陽中考改編）As a student, you may spend time on your schoolwork, but have little time for your activities. Or you may spend time on your activities, but fall behind in your schoolwork.1. D Buy or make a planner.This will help you manage your time. You can buy planners at many different stores, or you can make your own. First, use a cardboard binder（紙版活頁紙）and rings to form a frame（框架）. 2. B And then you can begin.Write down all your activities and homework in your planner.Every day, you can check to see if you have anything to do, and if you do, you can get prepared as soon as possible. 3.C You can’t remember everything!4. AYou should try and find some time for your homework when you don't have any activities or when you don't have as many. Leaving time for your homework is very important.Write a weekly to-do list in your planner.5.E Besides, the list should also include things you need to do in your room, and anything else you can think of.A. Plan for your homework.B. Second, make the planner’s pages.C. This is useful for people who have many things to do.D. The following suggestions can help you manage your time wisely.E. The list should include things you need to do for school and housework you are asked to do.
板書設計：
作業布置：作業手冊重點題型專訓：專題二 語篇補全相關習題。
教學反思課題：閱讀理解 總第40課時
教學目標：1.復習講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。教學重點：1.講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。教學難點：1.講解語篇補全題型的解題技巧。課時安排：1課時。
教 學 過 程 個 性 修 改　　
第一課時一、題型概述語篇補全的考查特點是，給出一篇300詞左右的短文，其中有4~5處空白，文章后面有5個句子，要求考生根據文章選出其中正確的句子放回文章原有位置，從而補全文章。這種題型重在考查考生把握文章結構、掌握作者思路的能力。這是一種較高層次的閱讀理解題，要求考生能夠從宏觀的角度把握文章的內容和結構，要想做好這類題，必須從語篇的角度，理清文章的脈絡，理解文章的意思。二、策略解讀1.邏輯推理：關注上下文事實細節，抓住上下文的邏輯關系。常見語句邏輯有：并列關系：and, some…others…, first, second, for one thing, for another, on the one hand, on the other hand；…遞進關系：also, too, what's more, besides, not only…but also…轉折關系：however, but, instead, although, though, while, yet…條件：if, unless, as long as…因果關系：because, since, so, therefore, as a result, so/such…that…例證關系：for example, for instance, such as, as, like…【例題1】 Break large tasks up into small ones.If a project looks too big, The task at hand may seem too great. You may feel defeated （挫敗）before beginning. But every project is doable （可行的） if it's done in small steps.A. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.2.詞匯復現：同一事物往往會在一段文字中重復出現，常有原詞復現、同義詞復現、同類復現等。【例題2】 If your workplace is full of distractions（使人分心的事）， you'll need to make some changes. You may need to remove your phone or TV from your workplace. If people often stop by for a talk, you may need to move to a different place.A. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.3.句式結構復現：相同或者相似句式結構在文中重復出現。【例題3】 Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people’s logical（邏輯的）thinking ability, but also That’s why it is more and more popular with modern people.A. Weiqi has its special language.B. the game is played until today.C. can develop their calm character.D. the board surface has 361 cross points.E. people from over 40 countries have played it.4.明確指代：常用人稱代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞等，指代前文提到的內容，主語指代的人稱和數要一致。【例題4】 Make daily “to do” lists.Before your day ends, make a plan for tomorrow. List upcoming tasks in order of importance. You’ll begin each new day with a head start, already knowing what needs to be done. As you complete each task, check it off. A. you will certainly succeed at once.B. Change your working environment.C. This will give you a sense of success.D. it can discourage you from getting started.E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task.5.抓住主旨：通讀文章后，要抓住文章主旨。位于首段或者段首的句子，一般都是主旨大意句。【例題5】 Susan Cain was a shy girl. She always had a hard time talking with new people. But when she grew up, she became a reporter. But Susan thought that her shyness made her a better reporter. “Being shy makes me more believable—people feel more comfortable around me,” she said.A. For example, children who are always criticized（批評）by their family can become shy.B. This kind of baby likes to make noise.C. Most people don't like to make friends with shy people.D. This job is usually for a person who likes to talk in front of people.E. But when they are in a new place, they become afraid.6.關注位置：通常位于小標題位置的空體現了下文段落的主旨，一方面可以根據下文段落判斷內容，另一方面可以根據上下文的小標題判斷句式。位于段首的空引起下文或者統領下文，位于段尾的空一般會總結上文，位于段中的空往往是承上啟下。【例題6】 Are you having trouble in reading, writing, listening or speaking …You can improve any and all of these skills through practice and repetition （重復） with the following tips.Read for at least half an hour every day.…Reading is very important to all of us… Try your hand at writing a novel, a short story, a poem, a play, or any other kind of creative writing. If you work at it bit by bit each day, it will improve your writing skills as well as exercise your creativity.Listen to the instructor and listen well.While you're listening, write down good notes and important details （細節） he or she says…Speak in front of a class.Take a topic and explain it and be sure to talk loud and clear so people can understand what you are saying…A. Write a literary piece.B. If you do, you are sure to understand better.C. It builds our knowledge and it exercises our brains.D. If so, this article may help you.E. There will always be ways in which you can improve.【結語】 總的來說，語篇補全可分五步完成：1.先預測，抓主干；2.抓選項及上下文關鍵詞；3.注意連詞、代詞等；4.段首為中心，段尾為總括，段中是細節；5.先易后難，淺斟細酌。三、實踐應用（2024·四川德陽中考改編）As a student, you may spend time on your schoolwork, but have little time for your activities. Or you may spend time on your activities, but fall behind in your schoolwork.1. Buy or make a planner.This will help you manage your time. You can buy planners at many different stores, or you can make your own. First, use a cardboard binder（紙版活頁紙）and rings to form a frame（框架）. 2. And then you can begin.Write down all your activities and homework in your planner.Every day, you can check to see if you have anything to do, and if you do, you can get prepared as soon as possible. 3. You can’t remember everything!4. You should try and find some time for your homework when you don't have any activities or when you don't have as many. Leaving time for your homework is very important.Write a weekly to-do list in your planner.5. Besides, the list should also include things you need to do in your room, and anything else you can think of.A. Plan for your homework.B. Second, make the planner’s pages.C. This is useful for people who have many things to do.D. The following suggestions can help you manage your time wisely.E. The list should include things you need to do for school and housework you are asked to do.
板書設計：
作業布置：作業手冊重點題型專訓：專題二 語篇補全相關習題。
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