資源簡介

課題：語法填空 總第42課時
教學目標：1.復習講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。教學重點：1.講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。教學難點：1.講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。課時安排：1課時。
教 學 過 程 個 性 修 改　　
第一課時一、題型概述語法填空要求考生在200詞左右的語篇上下文中進行語法判斷，并填入恰當的單詞或者括號內單詞的適當形式，以使語篇完整。語法填空設有十個空，有3~4個空為盲填，一般根據上下文填寫冠詞、連詞、代詞it或者介詞；有6~7個空提供了提示詞，根據語篇填寫提示詞的適當形式。十空考點一般不重復，主要考查冠詞、介詞、連詞、動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數詞。二、策略解讀1.有提示詞可先判斷提示詞的詞性，并回憶提示詞存在的各種可能性變化，再根據提示詞所在句子所缺的成分，將提示詞變成符合該句語法的適當形式。（1）提示詞為名詞。（常見考點：①可數名詞的復數形式；②名詞所有格；③詞性轉換；④感嘆句與名詞單復數結合考。）【例題1】 Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and bridges （bridge）.[解析]點撥：bridge為名詞，可加s變成復數。在該句中，前文提到many及空前的and，可判斷該處需要將bridge變成復數bridges。（2）提示詞為代詞。（主要考查人稱代詞主格、賓格、形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞、反身代詞等。）【例題2】 Who should you write to Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive your（you）letter.[解析]點撥：提示詞為代詞時，一般先判斷該句中缺少什么成分，該句中，下文中的letter為名詞，因此，可判斷前文應是填入形容詞性物主代詞your。【例題3】 On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in 278 BC, Qu threw himself（he） into the Miluo River and died for his homeland.[解析]點撥：該句的意思是屈原將自己投入汨羅江中殉國，主語與賓語為同一對象，因此要使用反身代詞himself指代屈原本人。（3）提示詞為動詞。（主要考查動詞時態、被動語態、主謂一致、非謂語動詞、固定搭配等。）動詞的考查范圍很廣，首先，要判斷所填空的動詞為謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，如果是謂語動詞，則考慮時態、語態、主謂一致；如果是非謂語動詞，則考慮固定搭配等。【例題4】 He encouraged people to take（take）a break from today's social media（媒體）and write a letter to someone by hand.[解析]點撥：該句已有謂語動詞encourage，因此take是作為句中的非謂語動詞，encourage的搭配為encourage sb. to do sth. 因此，take要轉換成不定式to take。【例題5】 A recent study shows that letter writing makes（make）the writer happy, too. “Handwriting is your DNA. It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others,” said Richard Simpkin.[解析]點撥：該句中，可以看出make是作為賓語從句中的謂語動詞，根據上下文，該句應使用一般現在時，而該句的主語為letter writing，動名詞作主語看作單數，因此make要轉換成三單形式makes。【例題6】 A Farewell Song begins with a lovely morning scene. On that morning, Wang had to say goodbye to his friend Yuan Er, who would leave for Anxi in today’s Xinjiang. The last two lines are the most well-known. Yuan was invited（invite）by the poet to drink wine（酒）because he knew that life in Anxi would be difficult.[解析]點撥：短文主要講述了唐代詩人王維與朋友告別的故事。王維的朋友元二要去安西（現在的新疆），王維為了表達對朋友的關心和祝福，邀請他喝酒。根據前后文語境及提示詞by，可知此空缺謂語動詞且考查被動語態。句意：元二被詩人邀請去喝酒，因為他知道安西（現在的新疆）的生活會很艱難。根據語境應用一般過去時的被動語態was invited。（4）提示詞為形容詞或副詞。（主要考查形容詞變副詞的使用及變化規律、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級,有時候也考查形容詞與名詞的轉化，如important變成importance, different變成difference, difficult變成difficulty等。）【例題7】 Tina made a wish to get to the lake quickly（quick）.[解析]點撥：在該句中，quick是用來修飾動詞短語get to，因此需要將quick改成副詞形式quickly。形容詞變副詞時，一般在此后加ly，輔音加y結尾則改y為i,再加ly,如luckily。以le結尾則一般將le變成ly，如terribly。【例題8】 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Of all the legends（傳說）about it, the most famous（famous）one is about Qu Yuan.[解析]點撥：前文有of all來表示范圍，因此，famous要使用最高級the most famous，表示“在所有傳說中，最有名的是關于屈原的”。【例題9】 Don’t worry. You just have to wait much longer（long）because your reward is more special.[解析]點撥：該空前出現了 much， much用于修飾形容詞比較級，根據下文也可知，等得更久一些是因為你的獎賞更加特別。因此，需將long改成比較級longer。【例題10】 “Wow! I like those bright colors! That's great!” I felt relaxed（relax）at once.[解析]點撥：該句結構為“I felt…”典型的主系表結構，應使用relax的形容詞形式relaxed，而當主語為人，表示人“感到放松”時，要使用relaxed。當主語為物，并表示某物是“令人感到放松”時，使用relaxing，比如：the relaxing music。（5）提示詞為數詞。（主要考查基數詞與序數詞單復數及副詞的轉變，hundred/thousand/million等詞的用法。）【例題11】 Now I am in the ninth（nine）grade, and I’m leaving school. I will remember all the suggestions he has given to me.[解析]點撥：“我”是在第九年級學習，因此要將基數詞nine變成序數詞ninth。要熟練掌握基數詞與序數詞之間的使用及變化規律。【例題12】 Every morning, Zhang got up early to follow the English news more than twice （two）.[解析]點撥：張每天早晨早起聽英語新聞兩次以上，該句中，two是指動作的次數，應改成副詞twice表示“兩次”，once則表示“一次”，三次以上使用“基數詞+times”。2.無提示詞（1）若是在沒有冠詞的可數名詞單數前，或與冠詞形成固定搭配的詞前，則考慮填入適當的冠詞a/an/the。【例題13】 It’s a good way to show people that you have been thinking of them.[解析]點撥：在句子中，下文有good way，作為可數名詞單數形式的way，在該句中未發現任何冠詞等限定詞且good以輔音音素發音開頭，所以需要使用冠詞a。（2）若是句中屬于并列結構或者連接兩個句子時，則考慮填入并列連詞（and/but/or/so）或者從屬連詞（because/though/until/if/unless…）。【例題14】 So get some paper and pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today![解析]點撥：該空前后文為并列結構，均為動作，兩動作屬于前后關系，聯系緊密且為祈使句，因此，需要使用并列連詞and。【例題15】 I was so surprised that at first I didn't see what was happening by the river. Later, I saw a sad sight—two horses were down and the riders were hurt.[解析]點撥：該空后為形容詞surprised，后面還有that,可判斷該句為so…that引導的結果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于……”。平時，要多留意和記憶此類型的連詞組合。（3）若所填空后帶有動名詞或者冠詞加名詞，則考慮填入介詞。【例題16】 They threw zongzi and other food into the river to keep fish from eating Qu's body.[解析]點撥：根據語境考查keep的用法，keep sth./sb. from doing sth. 表示“阻止某人或某物做某事”。（4）有些句子是固定句型，或者存在固定短語。【例題17】 It seems impossible to find a person after such a long time, but Zhang promised to do his best.[解析]點撥：該句是固定句型，it seems/seemed+adj.（+for sb）. to do sth. 表示“做某事對于某人來說似乎是怎樣的。”,it做形式主語，to do sth.為真正主語。平時在學習中，要注意固定句型的積累，如感嘆句、強調句等。【例題18】 To his surprise, when he looked into the well, he found the moon in it.[解析]點撥：該句考查的是固定詞組的用法，to one's surprise。因此，在平時學習中，要注意固定短語的積累和記憶，如with the help of, look forward to, in silence等。【結語】總之，在做語法填空題時，要耐心分析所填詞在句子中的作用，根據作用選擇提示詞的適當形式，或根據句中的邏輯關系填入冠詞、介詞、代詞或連詞。在平時學習中，也要特別留意單詞詞性的問題，并熟練掌握一些詞性轉變的規律。三、實踐應用（2024·湖南省中考模擬卷四）I’ve dreamed to visit Universal Studios（環球影城）since I was 10 years old. Luckily, I 1. had（have）a chance to go last summer vacation.As I stepped into the park, I was 2. totally（total）surprised. My first stop was Springfield: Home of the Simpsons. It was just like Springfield on TV. I even saw a person dressed up like Homer there. Later, I bought 3. a hot dog and it tasted great.As a big fan of Harry Potter, I was excited 4. to go（go）to the Wizarding World of Harry Potter. They sold butterbeer（黃油啤酒）there, which was magical. The butterbeer was actually not beer, 5. but a kind of soda（蘇打水）.Super Nintendo World was also 6. wonderful（wonder）. As I got there, I felt like I had walked 7. into/ in a video game. There were things from Super Mario（超級馬里奧）everywhere. I 8. was told（tell）that the restaurants there were great, but sadly, I needed to book a table first, so I didn't have the chance to eat there.Universal Studios offered 9. me（I） a day full of laughter and screams（尖叫）.It left me with 10. memories（memory） that I will never forget in my life.
板書設計：
作業布置：作業手冊重點題型專訓：專題四 語法填空相關習題。
教學反思課題：語法填空 總第42課時
教學目標：1.復習講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。教學重點：1.講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。教學難點：1.講解語法填空題型的解題技巧。課時安排：1課時。
教 學 過 程 個 性 修 改　　
第一課時一、題型概述語法填空要求考生在200詞左右的語篇上下文中進行語法判斷，并填入恰當的單詞或者括號內單詞的適當形式，以使語篇完整。語法填空設有十個空，有3~4個空為盲填，一般根據上下文填寫冠詞、連詞、代詞it或者介詞；有6~7個空提供了提示詞，根據語篇填寫提示詞的適當形式。十空考點一般不重復，主要考查冠詞、介詞、連詞、動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數詞。二、策略解讀1.有提示詞可先判斷提示詞的詞性，并回憶提示詞存在的各種可能性變化，再根據提示詞所在句子所缺的成分，將提示詞變成符合該句語法的適當形式。（1）提示詞為名詞。（常見考點：①可數名詞的復數形式；②名詞所有格；③詞性轉換；④感嘆句與名詞單復數結合考。）【例題1】 Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and （bridge）.（2）提示詞為代詞。（主要考查人稱代詞主格、賓格、形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞、反身代詞等。）【例題2】 Who should you write to Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive （you）letter.【例題3】 On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in 278 BC, Qu threw （he） into the Miluo River and died for his homeland.（3）提示詞為動詞。（主要考查動詞時態、被動語態、主謂一致、非謂語動詞、固定搭配等。）動詞的考查范圍很廣，首先，要判斷所填空的動詞為謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，如果是謂語動詞，則考慮時態、語態、主謂一致；如果是非謂語動詞，則考慮固定搭配等。【例題4】 He encouraged people （take）a break from today's social media（媒體）and write a letter to someone by hand.【例題5】 A recent study shows that letter writing （make）the writer happy, too. “Handwriting is your DNA. It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others,” said Richard Simpkin.【例題6】 A Farewell Song begins with a lovely morning scene. On that morning, Wang had to say goodbye to his friend Yuan Er, who would leave for Anxi in today’s Xinjiang. The last two lines are the most well-known. Yuan （invite）by the poet to drink wine（酒）because he knew that life in Anxi would be difficult.（4）提示詞為形容詞或副詞。（主要考查形容詞變副詞的使用及變化規律、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級,有時候也考查形容詞與名詞的轉化，如important變成importance, different變成difference, difficult變成difficulty等。）【例題7】 Tina made a wish to get to the lake （quick）.【例題8】 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Of all the legends（傳說）about it, （famous）one is about Qu Yuan.【例題9】 Don’t worry. You just have to wait much （long）because your reward is more special.【例題10】 “Wow! I like those bright colors! That's great!” I felt （relax）at once.（5）提示詞為數詞。（主要考查基數詞與序數詞單復數及副詞的轉變，hundred/thousand/million等詞的用法。）【例題11】 Now I am in the （nine）grade, and I’m leaving school. I will remember all the suggestions he has given to me.【例題12】 Every morning, Zhang got up early to follow the English news more than （two）.2.無提示詞（1）若是在沒有冠詞的可數名詞單數前，或與冠詞形成固定搭配的詞前，則考慮填入適當的冠詞a/an/the。【例題13】 It’s good way to show people that you have been thinking of them.（2）若是句中屬于并列結構或者連接兩個句子時，則考慮填入并列連詞（and/but/or/so）或者從屬連詞（because/though/until/if/unless…）。【例題14】 So get some paper pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today!【例題15】 I was surprised that at first I didn't see what was happening by the river. Later, I saw a sad sight—two horses were down and the riders were hurt.（3）若所填空后帶有動名詞或者冠詞加名詞，則考慮填入介詞。【例題16】 They threw zongzi and other food into the river to keep fish eating Qu's body.（4）有些句子是固定句型，或者存在固定短語。【例題17】 seems impossible to find a person after such a long time, but Zhang promised to do his best.【例題18】 his surprise, when he looked into the well, he found the moon in it.【結語】總之，在做語法填空題時，要耐心分析所填詞在句子中的作用，根據作用選擇提示詞的適當形式，或根據句中的邏輯關系填入冠詞、介詞、代詞或連詞。在平時學習中，也要特別留意單詞詞性的問題，并熟練掌握一些詞性轉變的規律。三、實踐應用（2024·湖南省中考模擬卷四）I’ve dreamed to visit Universal Studios（環球影城）since I was 10 years old. Luckily, I 1. （have）a chance to go last summer vacation.As I stepped into the park, I was 2. （total）surprised. My first stop was Springfield: Home of the Simpsons. It was just like Springfield on TV. I even saw a person dressed up like Homer there. Later, I bought 3. hot dog and it tasted great.As a big fan of Harry Potter, I was excited 4. （go）to the Wizarding World of Harry Potter. They sold butterbeer（黃油啤酒）there, which was magical. The butterbeer was actually not beer, 5. a kind of soda（蘇打水）.Super Nintendo World was also 6. （wonder）. As I got there, I felt like I had walked 7. a video game. There were things from Super Mario（超級馬里奧）everywhere. I 8. （tell）that the restaurants there were great, but sadly, I needed to book a table first, so I didn't have the chance to eat there.Universal Studios offered 9. （I） a day full of laughter and screams（尖叫）.It left me with 10. （memory） that I will never forget in my life.
板書設計：
作業布置：作業手冊重點題型專訓：專題四 語法填空相關習題。
教學反思

展開更多......

收起↑