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課題：簡(jiǎn)單句 總第36課時(shí)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1.復(fù)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)單句的分類及用法。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1.簡(jiǎn)單句的分類及用法。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：1.簡(jiǎn)單句的用法。課時(shí)安排：1課時(shí)。
教 學(xué) 過(guò) 程 個(gè) 性 修 改　
第一課時(shí)一、歸納與闡釋（一）五種基本句型1.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）通常謂語(yǔ)是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，后面不能帶賓語(yǔ)，但是可以有狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)The little boycried.The shopclosesat 9:00 p.m.The sunrisesin the east.請(qǐng)翻譯：（1）他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。He studies very hard. （2）事故發(fā)生在昨天下午。The accident happened yesterday afternoon. 2. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)常用的系動(dòng)詞有：be動(dòng)詞，變化系動(dòng)詞become/get/turn/grow/go/come/fall，感官系動(dòng)詞look/sound/taste/smell/touch/feel，持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞keep/stay/remain，表像系動(dòng)詞seem/appear等。主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)Her hobbyisreading.Chinese foodtastesdelicious.Our dreamwill cometrueone day.Shopping onlineis becomingmore and more popular.請(qǐng)翻譯：（3）她剛才看上去很擔(dān)心。She looked worried just now. （4）You will not get bored by learning something interesting.通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)有趣的東西，你不會(huì)無(wú)聊。3. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)主要是及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞（如listen to），才能加賓語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)My grandfatherenjoysreadingvery much.Wewill attendthe graduation ceremonynext month.Shemarrieda nice manin China.The studentsshould listen totheir teachercarefully.請(qǐng)翻譯：（5）史密斯一家計(jì)劃周末旅行。The Smiths plan/planned to travel on weekends. （6）我們應(yīng)該照顧老人。We should take care of the old. 4. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)sb.）+賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)sth. ）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Lilygavemea nice present.Heboughthis wifebeautiful flowers.Miss LeeteachesusEnglish.IpassedMomthe salt.Lily gave me a nice present. =Lily gave a nice present to me.莉莉給了我一份很棒的禮物。注意：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 類似give用法的動(dòng)詞有：pass, show, offer, lend, bring, take, tell, hand, send, sell, introduce等。He bought his wife beautiful flowers. = He bought beautiful flowers for his wife.他給他的妻子買了美麗的花。注意：buy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb. 類似buy用法的動(dòng)詞有：cook, make, get, choose, draw, prepare等。請(qǐng)翻譯：（7）奶奶給我做了一條新裙子。My grandma made me a new dress./My grandma made a new dress for me. （8）我的英語(yǔ)老師給了我很多幫助和鼓勵(lì)。My English teacher gave me a lot of help and encouragement./My English teacher gave a lot of help and encouragement to me. 5. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)The sad moviemademesad.Our English teacheradvisesusto read aloud.Youshould not keepotherswaiting.Shehadher computerrepaired.Wepainteditpink.請(qǐng)翻譯：（9）許多家長(zhǎng)允許他們的孩子自己做決定。Many parents allow their children/kids to make their own choices. （10）吃對(duì)的食物能幫助你保持健康。Eating the right food can help you keep healthy/fit. （二）疑問(wèn)句1.一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句是用yes或no來(lái)回答的疑問(wèn)句，它一般有三種形式：（1）be+主語(yǔ)+其他？如：Is（be）she from England 她來(lái)自英格蘭嗎？（2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？如：Must I finish the report today 我今天必須完成報(bào)告嗎？（3）助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/過(guò)去分詞+其他？如：—Did she like dancing when she was young 她小時(shí)候喜歡跳舞嗎？—Yes, she did. 是的，她喜歡。2.特殊疑問(wèn)句用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句叫特殊疑問(wèn)句。回答時(shí)不能使用yes或no。特殊疑問(wèn)詞包括疑問(wèn)代詞、疑問(wèn)副詞和疑問(wèn)詞組。（1）疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞用法例句who詢問(wèn)身份Who is the girl over there？ 那邊的女孩是誰(shuí)？which詢問(wèn)特定范圍的人或物Which is your favorite color？你最喜歡的顏色是什么？what詢問(wèn)職業(yè)、身份、觀點(diǎn)看法、長(zhǎng)相等What's her job？她的工作是什么？What do you think of our city？你覺(jué)得我們的城市怎么樣？（2）疑問(wèn)副詞疑問(wèn)副詞用法例句when詢問(wèn)時(shí)間When did you go to Hangzhou last month？你上個(gè)月什么時(shí)候去的杭州？where詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)、位置Where are you going this summer vacation？這個(gè)暑假你要去哪里？why詢問(wèn)原因Why are you late for the meeting？為什么你開(kāi)會(huì)遲到了？how詢問(wèn)方式、近況How do you get to school every day？你每天怎樣去學(xué)校？How's your grandmother？你祖母怎么樣？（3）常見(jiàn)疑問(wèn)詞組①what疑問(wèn)詞組小結(jié)what color什么顏色what size什么尺寸what time幾點(diǎn)what subject什么科目②how疑問(wèn)詞組小結(jié)how many多少（問(wèn)數(shù)量，修飾可數(shù)名詞）how much多少（問(wèn)數(shù)量，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；問(wèn)價(jià)格）how often多久一次（問(wèn)頻率）how soon多久之后（用in+時(shí)間段回答）how long多長(zhǎng)（問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度）；多久（問(wèn)時(shí)間段）how far多遠(yuǎn)（問(wèn)距離）how old多大（問(wèn)年齡）how heavy多重（問(wèn)重量）how tall/high多高（問(wèn)高度）3.選擇疑問(wèn)句給出兩種或兩種以上的情況，要求對(duì)方選擇一種情況回答的問(wèn)句叫選擇疑問(wèn)句。選擇疑問(wèn)句中一般用or連接，回答時(shí)不能使用yes或no，而要用一個(gè)完整的句子或省略形式。選擇疑問(wèn)句可以分為一般選擇疑問(wèn)句和特殊選擇疑問(wèn)句。（1）一般選擇疑問(wèn)句：一般選擇疑問(wèn)句+or+被選擇部分？如：—Do you like apples or pears 你喜歡蘋果還是梨？—I like pears. 我喜歡梨。（2）特殊選擇疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)句，A or B 如：—Which would you like better, tea or coffee 你比較喜歡哪種，茶還是咖啡？—I like coffee better. 我更喜歡咖啡。4.反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句是附在陳述句之后，對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)的句子。反意疑問(wèn)部分要與前面的陳述句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。（1）反意疑問(wèn)句的常見(jiàn)用法①反意疑問(wèn)句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原則。即陳述部分為肯定時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分為否定；陳述部分為否定時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分為肯定。如：It's Father's Day today, isn’t it 今天是父親節(jié)，不是嗎？She hasn't been to Shanghai, has she 她沒(méi)去過(guò)上海，是嗎？②當(dāng)前面的陳述句中有否定詞few, little, never, no, nobody, nothing, hardly, seldom等時(shí)，其后的疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。如：There is little milk in the fridge, is there 幾乎沒(méi)有牛奶了，是嗎？—Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, did he 吉姆今天早上沒(méi)有吃早餐，是嗎？—No. He got up too late. 是的，他起床太晚了。③以Let’s開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)部分用shall we；以Let us開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)部分用will you。如：Let’s go and play basketball, shall we 咱們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球，好嗎？Let us have a rest, will you 讓我們休息一下，好嗎？（2）反意疑問(wèn)句的回答回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，根據(jù)事實(shí)回答。如果事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes；事實(shí)是否定的，就用no。如：—You’re not good at biology, are you 你不擅長(zhǎng)生物，是嗎？—No, I’m not. 是，我不擅長(zhǎng)。—Tim didn't go to school yesterday, did he 蒂姆昨天沒(méi)有去學(xué)校，是嗎？—Yes, he did, though he caught a cold. 不，他去了，盡管他感冒了。［注意］陳述句部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定式提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)意思正好相反。這種省略回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。（三）感嘆句感嘆句是用來(lái)表達(dá)人的特殊情感的句子，可以表達(dá)人的喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等情感。感嘆句可以是一個(gè)單詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，也可以是由what或how 引導(dǎo)的句子，句末常用“！”。1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)例句What+ a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！What a beautiful present it is!多么漂亮的一件禮物啊！What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！What interesting books they are! 多么有趣的書啊！What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！What nice music it is!多美妙的音樂(lè)呀！2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 結(jié)構(gòu)例句How+形容詞/副詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！How fine the weather is!天氣真好！How well he plays the violin！他小提琴拉得多好啊！How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞！）How good a teacher she is！她是一名多么好的老師啊！How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞！How time flies！時(shí)間過(guò)得真快呀！（四）祈使句1.肯定形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句（Please）+動(dòng)詞原形Put away your things. 把你的東西收起來(lái)。Please listen to me carefully!請(qǐng)認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我講！Do +動(dòng)詞原形（加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表“務(wù)必，一定”）Do come on time! 一定要準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)！Do look out! 一定要小心！Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形Let’s have another try. 讓我們?cè)僭囋嚒?.否定形式 結(jié)構(gòu)例句Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形Don’t open the window.不要打開(kāi)窗子。Please don’t read in the sun. 請(qǐng)不要在太陽(yáng)底下看書。No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞No photos！禁止拍照！No parking！禁止停車！Don’t let sb. +動(dòng)詞原形=Let sb. not+動(dòng)詞原形Don’t let him go there alone. =Let him not go there alone. 不要讓他獨(dú)自去那兒。3.應(yīng)試小秘訣（1）有時(shí)為了明確地向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或發(fā)出命令，會(huì)在祈使句前加上稱呼，并與句子用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。如：Jim, turn off the light. 吉姆，把燈關(guān)掉。【注意】這時(shí)，逗號(hào)是關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)橛卸禾?hào)，可以判斷這是對(duì)Jim提出的請(qǐng)求的祈使句，所以動(dòng)詞用原形。如果沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，這個(gè)句子就變成了一個(gè)陳述句，Jim是第三人稱做主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)動(dòng)詞就要用第三人稱單數(shù)，句子應(yīng)為：Jim turns off the light.（2）有時(shí)題目考查動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的祈使句，會(huì)容易被誤解為考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如：Get up early every day. 每天早起。【注意】這時(shí)，判斷句子是否缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是關(guān)鍵。如果句子缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則是考查祈使句。如果句子中不缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則是考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如：Getting up early every day makes me healthy. 本句中的makes是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以考查的就是get的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作主語(yǔ)。（3）回答祈使句時(shí)要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：—Please remember to walk the dog every day. 請(qǐng)記住每天帶狗出去散步。—OK, I will. 好的，我會(huì)的。（4）掌握“祈使句+and/or+結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，此種句型可轉(zhuǎn)換成if條件句，如：Work harder, and you’ll get good grades. 再努力一些，你就會(huì)取得好成績(jī)。=If you work harder, you’ll get good grades. 如果你努力一些，你就會(huì)取得好成績(jī)。Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. 快點(diǎn)，不然你上課就要遲到了。=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late for class. 如果你不快點(diǎn)，你上課就會(huì)遲到。【注意】結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)部分表示好的結(jié)果，通常用and引導(dǎo)；表示的是不好的結(jié)果，通常用or引導(dǎo)。（五）倒裝句1.so, neither倒裝句型結(jié)構(gòu)意思區(qū)別謂語(yǔ)例句So+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)……也依附于肯定句時(shí)態(tài)與前句保持一致； 在數(shù)上與后句的主語(yǔ)保持一致Lucy is a good student. So are you. 露西是個(gè)好學(xué)生。 你也是個(gè)好學(xué)生。Neither/Nor+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)……也不依附于否定句時(shí)態(tài)與前句保持一致；在數(shù)上與后句的主語(yǔ)保持一致I don’t like watch TV. Neither does Jim.我不喜歡看電視。吉姆也不喜歡。2.副詞開(kāi)頭引起的倒裝句在以here, there, out, down, away等表示方位的副詞開(kāi)頭的句子中，如果主語(yǔ)是名詞，要用倒裝句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由位于倒裝句句尾的 主語(yǔ) 決定。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，就不必倒裝。如：There goes the bell. 鈴響了。Here is a picture of my family. 這有一張我的家庭照。二、分析與應(yīng)用完成下列句子。1．[2024·安徽中考改編]The 2024 Paris Olympic Games will be held this July. Don’t（not） miss it.2．[2024·吉林長(zhǎng)春中考改編]How helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.3．[2024·陜西中考改編]Do you like dogs As the saying goes, “Dogs are（be）man’s best friends.”4．[2024·四川樂(lè)山中考改編]— How often do you have a swimming class？—Once a week.5．[2024·黑龍江綏化中考改編]—It was sunny several minutes ago, but it’s raining heavily now!— What a difference a day makes!6．[2024·山東臨沂中考改編]The winner has a chance to invent a name for a planet—that’s exciting, isn’t it？7．[2024·廣西南寧中考改編]“There comes（come）a wolf! Please help me!”8．[2024·黑龍江綏化中考改編]— How much does the film ticket cost？—Thirty-five yuan.9．[2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州中考改編]— How does this new washing machine work —It’s easy. You just touch this icon（圖標(biāo)）.10．[2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編]—Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go？—If you go, so will I.11．[2024·黑龍江龍東中考改編]—The old man never feels lonely, does he？—No, because he has many friends.12．[2024·黑龍江龍東中考改編]He found it very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.13．[2024·甘肅蘭州中考改編]Learning is（be）a lifelong journey, so learn wisely and learn well.14．[2024·甘肅中考改編]Education keeps（keep）your choice open.15．[2024·福建中考改編]— How heavy is the biggest blue whale —As I know, it weighs about 181,000 kilos.
板書設(shè)計(jì)：
作業(yè)布置：作業(yè)手冊(cè)語(yǔ)法聚焦之十二：簡(jiǎn)單句相關(guān)習(xí)題。
教學(xué)反思課題：簡(jiǎn)單句 總第36課時(shí)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1.復(fù)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)單句的分類及用法。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1.簡(jiǎn)單句的分類及用法。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：1.簡(jiǎn)單句的用法。課時(shí)安排：1課時(shí)。
教 學(xué) 過(guò) 程 個(gè) 性 修 改　
第一課時(shí)一、歸納與闡釋（一）五種基本句型1.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）通常謂語(yǔ)是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，后面不能帶賓語(yǔ)，但是可以有狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)The little boycried.The shopclosesat 9:00 p.m.The sunrisesin the east.請(qǐng)翻譯：（1）他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。 （2）事故發(fā)生在昨天下午。 2. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)常用的系動(dòng)詞有：be動(dòng)詞，變化系動(dòng)詞become/get/turn/grow/go/come/fall，感官系動(dòng)詞look/sound/taste/smell/touch/feel，持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞keep/stay/remain，表像系動(dòng)詞seem/appear等。主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)Her hobbyisreading.Chinese foodtastesdelicious.Our dreamwill cometrueone day.Shopping onlineis becomingmore and more popular.請(qǐng)翻譯：（3）她剛才看上去很擔(dān)心。 （4）You will not get bored by learning something interesting. 3. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)主要是及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞（如listen to），才能加賓語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)My grandfatherenjoysreadingvery much.Wewill attendthe graduation ceremonynext month.Shemarrieda nice manin China.The studentsshould listen totheir teachercarefully.請(qǐng)翻譯：（5）史密斯一家計(jì)劃周末旅行。 （6）我們應(yīng)該照顧老人。 4. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)sb.）+賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)sth. ）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Lilygavemea nice present.Heboughthis wifebeautiful flowers.Miss LeeteachesusEnglish.IpassedMomthe salt.Lily gave me a nice present. =Lily gave a nice present to me.莉莉給了我一份很棒的禮物。注意：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 類似give用法的動(dòng)詞有：pass, show, offer, lend, bring, take, tell, hand, send, sell, introduce等。He bought his wife beautiful flowers. = He bought beautiful flowers for his wife.他給他的妻子買了美麗的花。注意：buy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb. 類似buy用法的動(dòng)詞有：cook, make, get, choose, draw, prepare等。請(qǐng)翻譯：（7）奶奶給我做了一條新裙子。 （8）我的英語(yǔ)老師給了我很多幫助和鼓勵(lì)。 5. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)The sad moviemademesad.Our English teacheradvisesusto read aloud.Youshould not keepotherswaiting.Shehadher computerrepaired.Wepainteditpink.請(qǐng)翻譯：（9）許多家長(zhǎng)允許他們的孩子自己做決定。 （10）吃對(duì)的食物能幫助你保持健康。 （二）疑問(wèn)句1.一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句是用yes或no來(lái)回答的疑問(wèn)句，它一般有三種形式：（1）be+主語(yǔ)+其他？如： （be）she from England 她來(lái)自英格蘭嗎？（2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？如： I finish the report today 我今天必須完成報(bào)告嗎？（3）助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/過(guò)去分詞+其他？如：— she like dancing when she was young 她小時(shí)候喜歡跳舞嗎？—Yes, she . 是的，她喜歡。2.特殊疑問(wèn)句用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句叫特殊疑問(wèn)句。回答時(shí)不能使用yes或no。特殊疑問(wèn)詞包括疑問(wèn)代詞、疑問(wèn)副詞和疑問(wèn)詞組。（1）疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞用法例句who詢問(wèn)身份Who is the girl over there？ 那邊的女孩是誰(shuí)？which詢問(wèn)特定范圍的人或物Which is your favorite color？你最喜歡的顏色是什么？what詢問(wèn)職業(yè)、身份、觀點(diǎn)看法、長(zhǎng)相等What's her job？她的工作是什么？What do you think of our city？你覺(jué)得我們的城市怎么樣？（2）疑問(wèn)副詞疑問(wèn)副詞用法例句when詢問(wèn) When did you go to Hangzhou last month？你上個(gè)月什么時(shí)候去的杭州？where詢問(wèn) Where are you going this summer vacation？這個(gè)暑假你要去哪里？why詢問(wèn) Why are you late for the meeting？為什么你開(kāi)會(huì)遲到了？how詢問(wèn) How do you get to school every day？你每天怎樣去學(xué)校？How's your grandmother？你祖母怎么樣？（3）常見(jiàn)疑問(wèn)詞組①what疑問(wèn)詞組小結(jié)what color什么顏色what size 幾點(diǎn)what subject什么科目②how疑問(wèn)詞組小結(jié)how many多少（問(wèn)數(shù)量，修飾可數(shù)名詞）how much多少（問(wèn)數(shù)量，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；問(wèn)價(jià)格） 多久一次（問(wèn)頻率）how soon多久之后（用in+時(shí)間段回答） 多長(zhǎng)（問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度）；多久（問(wèn)時(shí)間段） 多遠(yuǎn)（問(wèn)距離）how old多大（問(wèn)年齡）how heavy多重（問(wèn)重量）how tall/high多高（問(wèn)高度）3.選擇疑問(wèn)句給出兩種或兩種以上的情況，要求對(duì)方選擇一種情況回答的問(wèn)句叫選擇疑問(wèn)句。選擇疑問(wèn)句中一般用or連接，回答時(shí)不能使用yes或no，而要用一個(gè)完整的句子或省略形式。選擇疑問(wèn)句可以分為一般選擇疑問(wèn)句和特殊選擇疑問(wèn)句。（1）一般選擇疑問(wèn)句：一般選擇疑問(wèn)句+or+被選擇部分？如：— you like apples or pears 你喜歡蘋果還是梨？—I like pears. 我喜歡梨。（2）特殊選擇疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)句，A or B 如：— would you like better, tea or coffee 你比較喜歡哪種，茶還是咖啡？—I like coffee better. 我更喜歡咖啡。4.反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句是附在陳述句之后，對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)的句子。反意疑問(wèn)部分要與前面的陳述句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。（1）反意疑問(wèn)句的常見(jiàn)用法①反意疑問(wèn)句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原則。即陳述部分為肯定時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分為否定；陳述部分為否定時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分為肯定。如：It's Father's Day today, it 今天是父親節(jié)，不是嗎？She hasn't been to Shanghai, she 她沒(méi)去過(guò)上海，是嗎？②當(dāng)前面的陳述句中有否定詞few, little, never, no, nobody, nothing, hardly, seldom等時(shí)，其后的疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。如：There is little milk in the fridge, there 幾乎沒(méi)有牛奶了，是嗎？—Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, he 吉姆今天早上沒(méi)有吃早餐，是嗎？—No. He got up too late. 是的，他起床太晚了。③以Let’s開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)部分用shall we；以Let us開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)部分用will you。如：Let’s go and play basketball, we 咱們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球，好嗎？Let us have a rest, you 讓我們休息一下，好嗎？（2）反意疑問(wèn)句的回答回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，根據(jù)事實(shí)回答。如果事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes；事實(shí)是否定的，就用no。如：—You’re not good at biology, are you 你不擅長(zhǎng)生物，是嗎？— , I’m not. 是，我不擅長(zhǎng)。—Tim didn't go to school yesterday, did he 蒂姆昨天沒(méi)有去學(xué)校，是嗎？— , he did, though he caught a cold. 不，他去了，盡管他感冒了。［注意］陳述句部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定式提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)意思正好相反。這種省略回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。（三）感嘆句感嘆句是用來(lái)表達(dá)人的特殊情感的句子，可以表達(dá)人的喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等情感。感嘆句可以是一個(gè)單詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，也可以是由what或how 引導(dǎo)的句子，句末常用“！”。1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)例句What+ a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！ beautiful present it is!多么漂亮的一件禮物啊！What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！ interesting books they are! 多么有趣的書啊！What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！ nice music it is!多美妙的音樂(lè)呀！2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 結(jié)構(gòu)例句How+形容詞/副詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞）！ fine the weather is!天氣真好！ well he plays the violin！他小提琴拉得多好啊！How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞！） good a teacher she is！她是一名多么好的老師啊！How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)/系動(dòng)詞！ time flies！時(shí)間過(guò)得真快呀！（四）祈使句1.肯定形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句（Please）+動(dòng)詞原形 your things. 把你的東西收起來(lái)。Please to me carefully!請(qǐng)認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我講！Do +動(dòng)詞原形（加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表“務(wù)必，一定”） come on time! 一定要準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)！ look out! 一定要小心！Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形Let’s another try. 讓我們?cè)僭囋嚒?.否定形式 結(jié)構(gòu)例句Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形Don’t the window.不要打開(kāi)窗子。Please don’t in the sun. 請(qǐng)不要在太陽(yáng)底下看書。No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞No ！禁止拍照！No ！禁止停車！Don’t let sb. +動(dòng)詞原形=Let sb. not+動(dòng)詞原形Don’t let him there alone. =Let him not there alone. 不要讓他獨(dú)自去那兒。3.應(yīng)試小秘訣（1）有時(shí)為了明確地向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或發(fā)出命令，會(huì)在祈使句前加上稱呼，并與句子用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。如：Jim, off the light. 吉姆，把燈關(guān)掉。【注意】這時(shí)，逗號(hào)是關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)橛卸禾?hào)，可以判斷這是對(duì)Jim提出的請(qǐng)求的祈使句，所以動(dòng)詞用原形。如果沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，這個(gè)句子就變成了一個(gè)陳述句，Jim是第三人稱做主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)動(dòng)詞就要用第三人稱單數(shù)，句子應(yīng)為：Jim off the light.（2）有時(shí)題目考查動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的祈使句，會(huì)容易被誤解為考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如： up early every day. 每天早起。【注意】這時(shí)，判斷句子是否缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是關(guān)鍵。如果句子缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則是考查祈使句。如果句子中不缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則是考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如： up early every day makes me healthy. 本句中的makes是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以考查的就是get的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作主語(yǔ)。（3）回答祈使句時(shí)要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：—Please remember to walk the dog every day. 請(qǐng)記住每天帶狗出去散步。—OK, I . 好的，我會(huì)的。（4）掌握“祈使句+and/or+結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，此種句型可轉(zhuǎn)換成if條件句，如：Work harder, you’ll get good grades. 再努力一些，你就會(huì)取得好成績(jī)。=If you work harder, you’ll get good grades. 如果你努力一些，你就會(huì)取得好成績(jī)。Hurry up, you’ll be late for class. 快點(diǎn)，不然你上課就要遲到了。=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late for class. 如果你不快點(diǎn)，你上課就會(huì)遲到。【注意】結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)部分表示好的結(jié)果，通常用and引導(dǎo)；表示的是不好的結(jié)果，通常用or引導(dǎo)。（五）倒裝句1.so, neither倒裝句型結(jié)構(gòu)意思區(qū)別謂語(yǔ)例句So+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)……也依附于肯定句時(shí)態(tài)與 保持一致； 在數(shù)上與 的主語(yǔ)保持一致Lucy is a good student. So you. 露西是個(gè)好學(xué)生。 你也是個(gè)好學(xué)生。Neither/Nor+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)……也不依附于否定句時(shí)態(tài)與 保持一致；在數(shù)上與 的主語(yǔ)保持一致I don’t like watch TV. Neither Jim.我不喜歡看電視。吉姆也不喜歡。2.副詞開(kāi)頭引起的倒裝句在以here, there, out, down, away等表示方位的副詞開(kāi)頭的句子中，如果主語(yǔ)是名詞，要用倒裝句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由位于倒裝句句尾的 決定。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，就不必倒裝。如：There goes the bell. 鈴響了。Here is a picture of my family. 這有一張我的家庭照。二、分析與應(yīng)用完成下列句子。1．[2024·安徽中考改編]The 2024 Paris Olympic Games will be held this July. （not） miss it.2．[2024·吉林長(zhǎng)春中考改編] helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.3．[2024·陜西中考改編]Do you like dogs As the saying goes, “Dogs （be）man’s best friends.”4．[2024·四川樂(lè)山中考改編]— do you have a swimming class？—Once a week.5．[2024·黑龍江綏化中考改編]—It was sunny several minutes ago, but it’s raining heavily now!— difference a day makes!6．[2024·山東臨沂中考改編]The winner has a chance to invent a name for a planet—that’s exciting, it？7．[2024·廣西南寧中考改編]“There （come）a wolf! Please help me!”8．[2024·黑龍江綏化中考改編]— does the film ticket cost？—Thirty-five yuan.9．[2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州中考改編]— does this new washing machine work —It’s easy. You just touch this icon（圖標(biāo)）.10．[2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編]—Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go？—If you go, so I.11．[2024·黑龍江龍東中考改編]—The old man never feels lonely, ？—No, because he has many friends.12．[2024·黑龍江龍東中考改編]He found very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.13．[2024·甘肅蘭州中考改編]Learning （be）a lifelong journey, so learn wisely and learn well.14．[2024·甘肅中考改編]Education （keep）your choice open.15．[2024·福建中考改編]— is the biggest blue whale —As I know, it weighs about 181,000 kilos.
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作業(yè)布置：作業(yè)手冊(cè)語(yǔ)法聚焦之十二：簡(jiǎn)單句相關(guān)習(xí)題。
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