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牛津譯林2024版英語七年級下冊Unit1（江蘇適用）
本單元重點(diǎn)知識點(diǎn)：
一、單詞
1. 名詞類
cottage：通常指鄉(xiāng)村中的小屋，帶有浪漫和寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活色彩。例如：
The cottage was surrounded by beautiful flowers and a small garden.
這間小屋被美麗的花朵和一個小花園環(huán)繞著。
注意不要與“house”（普通房屋）混淆，后者適用范圍更廣。
farmhouse：強(qiáng)調(diào)與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的住宅，居住者通常是農(nóng)民。例如：
The farmhouse was located at the edge of the wheat field.
農(nóng)舍位于麥田的邊緣。
與“cottage”相比，更側(cè)重于農(nóng)業(yè)功能。
mobile home：指可以移動的住房，常用于旅行或臨時居住。例如：
They parked their mobile home by the lake and stayed there for a week.
他們把活動住房停在湖邊，在那里待了一周。
注意其“移動”的特性，與固定住宅形成對比。
town house：通常指城市中的聯(lián)排別墅，強(qiáng)調(diào)城市居住環(huán)境。例如：
Many families in the town live in town houses with small gardens.
鎮(zhèn)上的許多家庭都住在帶有小花園的聯(lián)排別墅里。
與鄉(xiāng)村住宅在環(huán)境和布局上有明顯區(qū)別。
study：作為名詞，表示書房，是用于閱讀、寫作或工作的房間。例如：
He spent the whole afternoon in his study working on his report.
他在書房里花了整個下午的時間撰寫報告。
注意不要與動詞“study”（學(xué)習(xí)）混淆。
bedroom：臥室，是用于睡覺的房間。例如：
She put her clothes in the wardrobe in her bedroom.
她把衣服放在臥室的衣柜里。
注意其與“room”（房間）的區(qū)別，后者是更廣泛的稱呼。
living room：客廳，是家庭成員聚會和接待客人的地方。例如：
The family usually gathers in the living room to watch TV.
這家人通常聚在客廳看電視。
注意“l(fā)iving”在這里是形容詞，表示“生活的”，與“l(fā)ive”（居住）的動詞形式不同。
balcony：陽臺，是建筑物外部的平臺，通常用于休息和觀賞風(fēng)景。例如：
She stood on the balcony, enjoying the beautiful view.
她站在陽臺上，欣賞著美麗的風(fēng)景。
注意其與“terrace”（露臺）的區(qū)別，后者通常更大，可用于戶外活動。
village：村莊，是較小的居民聚居地，通常位于鄉(xiāng)村。例如：
The old man has lived in this village for over 50 years.
這位老人在這個村莊已經(jīng)住了50多年了。
注意與“town”（城鎮(zhèn)）和“city”（城市）的區(qū)別，后者規(guī)模更大，設(shè)施更齊全。
square metre：平方米，是面積的計量單位。例如：
The area of this room is about 20 square metres.
這個房間的面積大約是20平方米。
注意其復(fù)數(shù)形式“square metres”用于表示多個平方米。
number：數(shù)字，用于表示數(shù)量或順序。例如：
Please write down your phone number on the paper.
請把你的電話號碼寫在紙上。
注意其與“amount”（數(shù)量）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。
形容詞類
relaxing：令人放松的，常用于描述活動或環(huán)境。例如：
Listening to soft music is very relaxing.
聽輕音樂很放松。
注意其與“relaxed”（感到放松的）的區(qū)別，后者用于描述人的狀態(tài)。
own：自己的，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)歸屬。例如：
This is my own room, and I can decorate it as I like.
這是我的房間，我可以隨心所欲地裝飾它。
注意其與“my”（我的）的區(qū)別，后者是物主代詞，而“own”強(qiáng)調(diào)“自己的”。
動詞類
relax：放松，常用于描述休息或減壓的活動。例如：
After a long day's work, I like to relax by taking a walk.
漫長的工作日之后，我喜歡通過散步來放松。
注意其與“rest”（休息）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于停止活動以恢復(fù)體力。
collect：收集，用于描述收集物品或信息。例如：
He has collected many stamps from different countries.
他已經(jīng)收集了許多不同國家的郵票。
注意其與“gather”（聚集）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于將分散的物品或人集中在一起。
其他
next to：緊鄰，用于描述位置關(guān)系。例如：
The bank is next to the post office.
銀行在郵局旁邊。
注意其與“near”（附近）的區(qū)別，“near”表示距離較近但不一定緊鄰。
yard：院子，通常指房屋周圍的空地。例如：
The children are playing in the yard.
孩子們正在院子里玩耍。
注意其與“garden”（花園）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于種植花草的區(qū)域。
hen：母雞，用于描述家禽。例如：
There are some hens in the farmyard.
農(nóng)場院子里有一些母雞。
注意其與“chicken”（小雞）的區(qū)別，后者指小雞或雞肉。
BBQ：燒烤，用于描述戶外燒烤活動。例如：
We had a BBQ party in the park last weekend.
上周末我們在公園里舉行了燒烤派對。
注意其與“grill”（烤架）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于烤制食物的工具。
zero：零，用于表示數(shù)字或溫度。例如：
The temperature is below zero today.
今天的溫度在零度以下。
注意其與“nothing”（沒有）的區(qū)別，后者更側(cè)重于表示不存在。
二、語法重點(diǎn)主要集中在基數(shù)詞（Cardinal number）和序數(shù)詞（Ordinal number）的用法上。
基數(shù)詞（Cardinal number）
1. 定義：基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five等。
2. 構(gòu)成：
1-20的寫法：
1-12有相對應(yīng)的單詞。
13-19以teen結(jié)尾，除13, 15, 18外，都是表示幾的基數(shù)詞后面直接加teen構(gòu)成，如four-fourteen。
整十以ty結(jié)尾，除twenty外，其他都是表示十幾的基數(shù)詞去掉teen換成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要記住十四是十四，四十是四十）。
兩位數(shù)的表達(dá)方法：整數(shù)加個位數(shù)組成，如twenty-one。
三位數(shù)：如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之間加and，后面兩位要加連字符。
四位以上：只有在百位和十位之間加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
3. 用法：
用作基數(shù)詞單位的hundred, thousand, million, billion不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，但若用于表示數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬這樣的泛指，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake.（大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。）
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year.（每年成千上萬的人到海邊去。）
表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties.（他才二十出頭。）
This took place in the 1930s.（這事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代。）
序數(shù)詞（Ordinal number）
1. 定義：序數(shù)詞表示順序先后的數(shù)詞，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first等。
2. 構(gòu)成：
1-3的序數(shù)詞：first, second, third。
4-19的序數(shù)詞：在基數(shù)詞后加th，但有例外，如fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。
20以上的序數(shù)詞：整十的序數(shù)詞將ty變?yōu)閠ieth，如twentieth, thirtieth。對于幾十幾的序數(shù)詞，只將個位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，如twenty-first, thirty-second。
3. 用法：
表示順序：用于表示順序或排名，如：
Today is my brother's third birthday.（今天是我弟弟的三歲生日。）
She is the first student to arrive.（她是第一個到達(dá)的學(xué)生。）
日期：用于表示日期，如：
January 1st（1月1日）
February 2nd（2月2日）
March 3rd（3月3日）
April 4th（4月4日）
三、課堂練習(xí)
1. It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the (twenty).
2. He is in his early (twenty).
3. This took place in the (1930).
4. Today is my brother's (three) birthday.
She is the (one) student to arrive.
答案：
twenties
twenties
1930s
third
first
一、基數(shù)詞（Cardinal number）用法
1. 表示數(shù)量：
I have three apples.（我有三個蘋果。）
There are twenty students in my class.（我的班級有二十個學(xué)生。）
She bought five books.（她買了五本書。）
2. 表示年齡：
My sister is ten years old.（我的妹妹十歲了。）
He will be sixteen next year.（他明年十六歲。）
3. 表示日期：
Today is January 15th.（今天是1月15日。）
Her birthday is on July 4th.（她的生日是7月4日。）
4. 表示價格：
The shirt costs fifty dollars.（這件襯衫五十美元。）
This book is twenty-five yuan.（這本書二十五元。）
5. 表示電話號碼：
My phone number is 123-456-7890.（我的電話號碼是123-456-7890。）
6. 表示樓層：
My office is on the third floor.（我的辦公室在三樓。）
The restaurant is on the fifth floor.（餐廳在五樓。）
二、序數(shù)詞（Ordinal number）用法
1. 表示順序：
She is the first student to arrive.（她是第一個到達(dá)的學(xué)生。）
He won the second prize in the competition.（他在比賽中獲得了二等獎。）
This is my third time visiting Paris.（這是我第三次訪問巴黎。）
2. 表示日期：
Today is January 1st.（今天是1月1日。）
My birthday is on June 22nd.（我的生日是6月22日。）
The meeting is scheduled for October 31st.（會議安排在10月31日。）
3. 表示樓層：
The library is on the first floor.（圖書館在一樓。）
The gym is on the second floor.（健身房在二樓。）
4. 表示比賽名次：
She came in first in the race.（她在比賽中得了第一名。）
He finished third in the marathon.（他在馬拉松比賽中得了第三名。）
5. 表示紀(jì)念日：
Our anniversary is on July 4th.（我們的紀(jì)念日是7月4日。）
They celebrated their tenth wedding anniversary.（他們慶祝了他們的十周年結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日。）
三、混合使用基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法
1. 表示具體的日期：
Today is January 1st.（今天是1月1日。）
Her birthday is on July 4th.（她的生日是7月4日。）
2. 表示具體的樓層：
My office is on the third floor, room 305.（我的辦公室在三樓，305室。）
The conference room is on the second floor, room 201.（會議室在二樓，201室。）
3. 表示具體的比賽名次：
He won the first prize in the 100-meter dash.（他在100米短跑比賽中獲得了第一名。）
She finished second in the 1500-meter race.（她在1500米比賽中得了第二名。）
課后練習(xí)：詞匯
一、選擇題
1. The family usually gathers in the _______ to watch TV.
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
2. She stood on the _______, enjoying the beautiful view.
A. yard B. balcony C. garden D. village
3. The old man has lived in this _______ for over 50 years.
A. town B. city C. village D. country
4. The area of this room is about 20 _______.
A. square meters B. meters C. yards D. feet
5. He has collected many _______ from different countries.
A. books B. stamps C. coins D. paintings
6. The bank is _______ the post office.
A. next to B. far from C. behind D. in front of
7. The children are playing in the _______.
A. living room B. yard C. study D. bedroom
8. The temperature is below _______ today.
A. zero B. ten C. twenty D. thirty
二、翻譯題
我們在湖邊的一個小村舍里度過了愉快的假期。
We spent a pleasant holiday in a _______ by the lake.
這座古老的農(nóng)舍已經(jīng)傳了好幾代了。
The old _______ has been in the family for generations.
他們住在一輛活動住房里，環(huán)游全國。
They live in a _______ and travel around the country.
鎮(zhèn)上的許多家庭都住在帶有小花園的聯(lián)排別墅里。
Many families in the town live in _______ with small gardens.
他大部分空閑時間都待在書房里讀書。
He spends most of his free time in his _______ reading books.
她把衣服放在臥室的衣柜里。
She put her clothes in the _______ in her bedroom.
這家人通常聚在客廳看電視。
The family usually gathers in the _______ to watch TV.
她站在陽臺上，欣賞著美麗的風(fēng)景。
She stood on the _______, enjoying the beautiful view.
這位老人在這個村莊已經(jīng)住了50多年了。
The old man has lived in this _______ for over 50 years.
這個房間的面積大約是20平方米。
The area of this room is about 20 _______.
請把你的電話號碼寫在紙上。
Please write down your phone _______ on the paper.
聽輕音樂很放松。
Listening to soft music is very _______.
這是我的房間，我可以隨心所欲地裝飾它。
This is my _______ room, and I can decorate it as I like.
漫長的工作日之后，我喜歡通過散步來放松。
After a long day's work, I like to _______ by taking a walk.
他已經(jīng)收集了許多不同國家的郵票。
He has _______ many stamps from different countries.
三、改錯題
The family usually gathers in the bedroom to watch TV.
改正：_______
She stood on the garden, enjoying the beautiful view.
改正：_______
The old man has lived in this city for over 50 years.
改正：_______
The area of this room is about 20 meters.
改正：_______
He has collected many books from different countries.
改正：_______
The bank is far from the post office.
改正：_______
The children are playing in the living room.
改正：_______
The temperature is below ten today.
改正：_______
四、完形填空
My grandparents live in a beautiful _______ (1) in the countryside. The _______ (2) is surrounded by a small garden and a few fruit trees. Inside, there is a cozy _______ (3) where they spend most of their evenings watching TV. They also have a small _______ (4) where they keep their books and a _______ (5) where they sleep. The house has a lovely _______ (6) where they can sit and enjoy the fresh air. They love living in the _______ (7) because it is peaceful and quiet. The area is about 100 _______ (8), which is just enough for their needs. They have lived there for over 30 _______ (9) and have no plans to move. They say that the _______ (10) of living in the countryside is the fresh air and the friendly neighbors.
A. cottage B. farmhouse C. mobile home D. town house
A. house B. yard C. garden D. village
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
A. study B. kitchen C. bathroom D. garden
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
A. yard B. balcony C. garden D. village
A. town B. city C. village D. country
A. square meters B. meters C. yards D. feet
A. years B. months C. weeks D. days
A. advantage B. disadvantage C. problem D. challenge
課后練習(xí)：語法
一、選擇題
1. There are _______ days in a week.
A. seven
B. seventh
C. seveneth
D. seventeenth
2. Today is my _______ birthday.
A. twelve
B. twelfth
C. twentieth
D. twenty
3. The _______ month of the year is December.
A. twelve
B. twelfth
C. twentieth
D. twenty
4. She lives on the _______ floor of the building.
A. three
B. third
C. thirteenth
D. thirty
5. The _______ lesson is very difficult.
A. five
B. fifth
C. fifteen
D. fiftieth
6. There are _______ students in my class.
A. thirty
B. thirtieth
C. thirty-one
D. thirty-first
7. The _______ of July is Independence Day in the United States.
A. four
B. fourth
C. fourteen
D. fortieth
8. He is the _______ person to arrive.
A. one
B. first
C. once
D. oneeth
二、填空題
1. My birthday is on _______ (three) of March.
2. She is the _______ (two) girl in the line.
3. There are _______ (twenty-five) students in my class.
4. The _______ (five) chapter is very interesting.
5. He is the _______ (ten) person to finish the race.
6. Today is _______ (one) of January.
7. The _______ (eight) grade is very challenging.
8. There are _______ (four) seasons in a year.
三、改錯題
1. Today is my twelfth birthday.（正確）
2. She is the third girl in the line.（正確）
3. There are twenty-five students in my class.（正確）
4. The fiveth chapter is very interesting.（錯誤）
5. He is the tenth person to finish the race.（正確）
6. Today is one of January.（錯誤）
7. The eight grade is very challenging.（錯誤）
8. There are four seasons in a year.（正確）
四、翻譯題
1. 今天是1月1日。
Today is _______ (one) of January.
2. 他是第一個到達(dá)的人。
He is the _______ (one) person to arrive.
3. 我們班有30個學(xué)生。
There are _______ (thirty) students in my class.
4. 這是第五課。
This is the _______ (five) lesson.
5. 她的生日是7月4日。
Her birthday is on _______ (four) of July.
6. 一年有12個月。
There are _______ (twelve) months in a year.
7. 他是第十個完成比賽的人。
He is the _______ (ten) person to finish the race.
8. 今天是3月3日。
Today is _______ (three) of March.
詞匯答案
一、選擇題
B
B
C
A
B
A
B
A
二、、翻譯題
cottage
farmhouse
mobile home
town houses
study
wardrobe
living room
balcony
village
square metres
number
relaxing
own
relax
collected
三、改錯題
The family usually gathers in the living room to watch TV.
She stood on the balcony, enjoying the beautiful view.
The old man has lived in this village for over 50 years.
The area of this room is about 20 square metres.
He has collected many stamps from different countries.
The bank is next to the post office.
The children are playing in the yard.
The temperature is below zero today.
四、完形填空
A
A
B
A
A
B
C
A
A
A
語法答案
一、選擇題
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B
二、填空題
1. third
2. second
3. twenty-five
4. fifth
5. tenth
6. first
7. eighth
8. four
三、改錯題
1. 正確
2. 正確
3. 正確
4. 錯誤，應(yīng)為 fifth
5. 正確
6. 錯誤，應(yīng)為 first
7. 錯誤，應(yīng)為 eighth
8. 正確
四、翻譯題
1. first
2. first
3. thirty
4. fifth
5. fourth
6. twelve
7. tenth
8. third

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