資源簡介

(共39張PPT)
Unit 2 Go for it!
七年級
外研2024版
下
單詞解析（二）
1.none (代詞)全無、沒有一點
[易混辨析] none， no one和nothing的區別
no one表示“沒有一個人”，只可用來指人，不能與of連用，回答who的問句;作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
none即可表示沒有人，也可表示沒有物，常與of連用，回答用how many/how much的問句。
nothing只可表示“沒有物”，不可加of，回答 what的問句;作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
Eg: -- Who is knocking at the door 誰在敲門 -- No one. 沒有人。
No one knows the answer. 沒有人知道答案。
None of us have been to Macao.我們沒有一個人去過澳門。
I have nothing to say. 我沒什么可說的。
2.member (名詞)成員
[用法講解] member為可數名詞，其復數形式為members。
[常見搭配] a member of ...一名...的成員
Eg: He is a member of our school football.他事我們校足球隊的一員。
3.moment (名詞)某一時刻
[用法講解] moment作名詞，也可譯為“片刻、時機”等。
[常見搭配]
at the moment 此刻、目前
for the moment 暫時
Wait a moment. 稍等一會。
Eg: They knew he enjoyed every moment.他們知道他享受著每一刻。
We are busy at the moment. 我們目前很忙。
She is out, so you may use her typewriter for the moment.她出去了，你可以暫時使用她的打字機。
4.if(連詞)假若、要是、如果
[用法講解] if為連詞，譯為“如果”，常常用來引 導條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現”原則，即主句為將來時，從句為一般現在時。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。
if也可以譯為“是否”，用來引導賓語從句，時態隨實際情況而定。
Eg: I don't know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。
5.possible (形容詞)可能的、可能做到的、可能實現的
[常見搭配]
as ... as possible盡可能
if possible 如果可能
It is possible to do sth.做某事是有可能的
[派生詞] 反義詞:impossible譯為“不可能的”
副詞形式為possibly，譯為“可能地”
名詞形式為possibility，譯為“可能性”。
Eg: There are possible solutions to this problem. 這個問題可能有解決方案。
It is possible to finish the work in two days.兩天內完成這項工作是有可能的。
He tries to run as fast as possible. 他盡可能快跑。
I need to see you, right away if possible.我要見你，如果可能，馬上。
Don't ask me to do impossible things.別叫我作不可能的事。
I can't possibly tell you that! 我絕不會把那件事告訴你的!
There is a strong possibility that we'll lose the game.我們很有可能輸掉比賽。
6.purpose (名詞)目的、意圖
[用法講解] purpose在表示“目的、用途”等意時為可數名詞;purpose在表示“意志、決心”時
為不可數名詞。
[常見搭配]
the purpose of ... ...的目的
on purpose 故意(地);有意(地)
Eg: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our future plans.這次會議的目的是討論我們的未來計劃。
He broke the vase on purpose.他故意打破了花瓶。
7.raise (動詞)籌集、籌募
[用法講解] raise作動詞時，也可譯為“舉起、提高、撫養、提出”等意。
[常見搭配]
raise one's hand舉手
raise money 籌集資金
Eg: Please raise your glass and toast to our success. 請舉杯為我們的成功干杯。
We are trying to raise money for the animals in danger.我們正在為瀕危動物籌集資金。
Please raise your hand if you have any questions. 如果你有任何問題請舉手。
She was raised in a small town in the countryside. 她在鄉下一個小鎮長大。
He raised an important issue during the meeting. 他在會議上提出了一個重要問題。
[易混辨析] rise, arise與raise區別:
rise (動詞)“上升”表示由低到高的變化過程，強調主語自身移向較高位置。
arise (動詞)“起身”主語發出的動作，作用到其它事物。
raise (動詞)“舉起”表示把具體事物舉到高處。
Eg: The sun rises.太陽升起來了。
He arises to greet her.他起身向她問候。
He raises his hand to answer questions.他舉手回答問題。
8.charity (名詞)慈善事業
[用法講解] charity為可數名詞，其復數形式為charities。
[派生詞] 其形容詞形式為charitable，譯為“慷慨的、仁慈的”。
[常見搭配]
charity work 慈善工作
charity event 慈善活動
out of charity 出于仁慈
charity for the needy施舍窮人
charity to all men 博愛
Eg: Charity begins at home. 仁愛始于家。
The charity does a lot of good.這家慈善機構做了很多善事。
She likes to take part in the charitable activities.她喜歡參加慈善活動。
9.encourage (動詞)鼓勵、激勵
[常見搭配] encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事
[派生詞] 其名詞形式為encouragement，譯為“鼓勵”
Eg: I have always encouraged him.我一直鼓勵他。
My parents always encourage me to follow my dreams.我的父母總是鼓勵我追隨自己的夢想。
She was given every encouragement to try something new.她得到充分的鼓勵去嘗試新事物。
10.teach (動詞) 教
[用法講解] teach的過去式為taught，過去分詞為taught。
[常見搭配]
teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
teach a lesson 教訓
teach oneself 自學
Eg: Jack often teaches me English. 杰克經常教我英語。
My brother usually teaches me to swim on weekend afternoons.我哥哥通常周末下午教我游泳。
The failure taught him a valuable lesson about perseverance.這次失敗讓他明白堅持的重要教訓。
He taught himself how to program computers.他自學了如何編程電腦。
11.note (名詞)筆記
[用法講解] note作名詞還可譯為“便條、音符、紙幣”等，其為可數名詞，其復數形式為notes; note也可作動詞，譯為“注意、記錄”等。
[常見搭配]
take notes 記筆記
make a note of sth.把某事記下來
leave a note 留一張便條
Eg: She often takes notes carefully in class.她經常在課堂上認真記筆記。
He left a note on the fridge saying he would be home late.他在冰箱上留了便條說他晚點回家。
The song started with a high note. 這首歌曲以高音開始。
He paid with a ten - pound note.他用十英鎊付款。
Please note that the office will be closed on Friday. 請注意周五這個辦公室將關閉。
I shall make a note of your statement. 我們將把你的發言記錄下來。
12.during (介詞)在...期間
[常見搭配]
during the time of ... 在這段時間里
during the period ...在...期間
Eg:She studied abroad during the time of graduation.她畢業這段時間里出國留學。
They had their vacation during the period June to August.在六月到八月期間他們在度假。
[易混辨析] during與in區別
during強調事件的延續性，常表示某個特定時間段內的持續動作或狀態，常常與表示行為要持續一段時間的名詞連用，如“meal、stay”等;
in為一般時間段，不強調時間的延續性。
Eg: Don't speak during the meal.吃飯期間不許說話。(食不言)
I'll be on holiday in August. 我八月份將去度假。
13.consider(動詞)考慮、細想
[用法講解] consider后面常接名詞、代詞、動名詞或“how/what等+動詞不定式”或賓語從句。
Eg: Do you consider that we can finish the project ahead of time 你認為我們能提前完成這個項目嗎
He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他從考慮過如何解決這個問題。
[派生詞] 其名詞形式為consideration，譯為“考慮”。
[常見搭配]
consider dong sth. 考慮做某事
consider sb./ sth as sth.把某人/某物視為某種身份或特質
take into consideration 在做決定時將某事納入考慮范圍
Eg: I'm considering changing my job.我正在考慮換工作。
She considers herself as a leader. 她把自己視作一個領導者。
We must take his experience into consideration.我們必須考慮到他的經驗。
14.both(代詞)兩者、雙方、兩個都
[用法講解] both作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。
both作主語時，常與名詞或代詞連用;
Eg: Both Tom and Jerry are cartoon characters.湯姆和杰瑞都是卡通人物。
both作賓語時，常放在動詞之后;
Eg:I like both pizza and pasta. 我喜歡披薩和意大利面。
both作定語時，可放在名詞前，修飾復數名詞，表示“兩個都”;
Eg: I have a friend who is both a doctor and a lawyer.我有一個既是醫生又是律師的朋友。
both作同位語時，放在be動詞或行為動詞之前。
Eg: They are both from Australia. 他們兩人都是澳大利亞人。
[常見搭配]
both A and B 兩者都
both of ....….兩個
Eg: She can speak both English and French.她即會說英語也會說法語。
Both of them are not right. 兩者都不是正確的。
15.sink(動詞)下沉、沉沒
[用法講解] sink作動詞時，譯為“坐下、降低、挖掘”等;sink也可作名詞，譯為“水槽”;其過去式為sank，其過去分詞為sunk。
Eg: The ship sank to the bottom of the sea.船沉入海底。
She sank back into her seat. 她又坐回椅子上。
The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.
英鎊比美元的比價降到了有史以來最低水平。
He sank a well in the field. 他在田野里挖了一口井。
Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink.別把贓盤子往洗碗槽里一放就不管了。
[常見搭配]
sink in 滲透、理解
sink or swim 自救、自生自滅、成敗完全靠自己
Eg: The news finally sank in. 消息終于滲透進來。
This time he'll sink or swim.這回對他將是成敗在此一舉了。
[派生詞] sinkable為形容詞，譯為“可沉沒的”;
sinking為形容詞，譯為“下沉的”;
Eg: The sinking of tanker has made aspects of marine pollution particularly topical.
郵輪的沉沒使得海洋污染的方方面面都成為眼下大家尤為關注的熱門話題。
16.as(介詞)在某一年齡段時
[用法講解] as作介詞還可譯為“作為、像”;
Eg: As a child, she was sent to six different schools.在孩童時，她杯送到6所不同學校。
As a teacher, she must look after every students.作為一名老師，她必須照顧每個學生。
as還可作副詞，譯為“同樣地”;
Eg: It is as bright as daylight in the great hall. 大廳里亮得如同白晝。
as還可作連詞，譯為“當...時候”。
Eg: As darkness closed about them, they decided to return home.當夜幕降臨時，他們決定回家。
[常見搭配]
as soon as... -...就...
as 形容詞 as 像...一樣
Eg: I will call you as soon as I arrive there.我一到那就給你打電話。
Math is as important as English. 數學像英語一樣重要。
17.surfer (名詞)沖浪者
[用法講解] surfer為可數名詞，其復數形式為surfers.
[派生詞] surf為動詞，譯為“沖浪”。
Eg: The surfers were riding in towards the beach on the crests of the waves.
沖浪者們順著浪頭沖向岸邊。
[常見搭配] surf the Internet上網沖浪
Eg: Surfing the Internet is fun, but it's also a time waster.上網很有意思，但也很浪費時間。
18.shark (名詞)鯊魚
[用法講解] shark為可數名詞，其復數形式為sharks.
Eg: I saw a shark in the aquarium. It was huge and scary.我在水族館看到了一條鯊魚。它又大有嚇人。
19.attack(動詞)襲擊、毆打、破壞
[用法講解] attack還可作名詞，譯為“攻擊、進攻”。
Eg: The army attacked the town at dawn.軍隊在拂曉時向這座城發動攻擊。
The article received a lot of criticism for its attack on the government.
這篇文章因對政府的攻擊而收到很多批評。
[常見搭配]
attack on/ against sb./ sth. 對某人/事的攻擊
attack by/ from sb./ sth.來自某人或某物的攻擊
under attack 受到攻擊
Eg: They launched a frontal attack on company directors.他們向公司董事發起了正面攻擊。
She was attacked by a shark last week.上周她被一條鯊魚攻擊了。
The city was under attack by enemy forces for several days.這座城市被敵軍攻擊了好幾天。
[派生詞] attacker為名詞，譯為“攻擊者”。
Eg: The police have so far failed to track down the attacker.警方至今未能追捕到攻擊者。
20.nearly (副詞) 幾乎、差不多、將近
[派生詞] near為形容詞，譯為“附近的”
Eg: Don't put that glass so near the edge of the table.不要把那只玻璃杯放在離桌子的邊緣。
[用法講解]
nearly在句中位于動詞前，表示動作的近似完成;
Eg: She nearly missed the train.她差點錯過了火車。
nearly在句中位于形容詞前，表示程度的接近;
Eg: I was nearly asleep.我快睡著了。
nearly在句中位于名詞前，表示數量的接近。
Eg: Nearly half of the population is under30 years old.近一半的人口在30歲一下。
[易混辨析] nearly和almost區別
nearly表示接近但未達到完成的程度;
Almost表示接近，但更強調接近完成的狀態。
Eg: He very nearly died.他差點死了。
He almost cried. 他差點哭出來。
21.die(動詞)死去、死亡
[常見搭配]
die from 死于(外部原因)
die of 死于(內部原因)
die for ... 為...而死
die out 滅絕
die away 逐漸消失
Eg: He died from a heart attack.他死于心臟病。
She died of cancer. 她死于癌癥。
Many soldiers died for their country.許多士兵為國捐軀。
Many species are dying out due to habitat loss.許多物種因棲息地喪失而滅絕。
The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.
隨著我們走進森林，海浪的聲音逐漸消失了。
[易混辨析] die、dead、dying、death區別
die為動詞，譯為“死亡”;
dead為形容詞，譯為“已故的、死的”;
dying為形容詞，譯為“奄奄一息的”;
death為名詞，譯為“死亡”。
Eg: His father died last year.他的父親去年去世了。
The cat is dead. 貓死了。
A dying man is lying on the street.一個奄奄一息的人躺在街上。
His mother's death was a great shock to him.他母親的去世對他是一個巨大的打擊。
22.competition (名詞)比賽
[用法講解] competition為可數名詞，其復數形式為competitions;但當competition譯為“競爭”時，為不可數名詞。
Eg: There are usually some competitions on weekends.周末通常有一些比賽。
We are in competition with four other companies. 我們與其它四家公司競爭。
[常見搭配]
competition between/ with sb./sth.與某人/某物之間的競爭
competition for sth.為了某事的競爭
Eg: The competition for the new job was intense.對新工作的競爭非常激烈。
[派生詞] competitor為名詞，譯為“競爭者”。
competitive為形容詞，譯為“競爭的”。
Eg: Over 200 competitors entered the race.200多名競爭者參加了比賽。
Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商業是要競爭的
pare(動詞)相比較、可媲美
[常見搭配]
compare A with B 把A與B進行比較
compare A to B 把A比作B
compare to/ with ...與...相比
Eg: Parents shouldn't compare their children with others.
父母不應該把他們的孩子和其他孩子進行比較。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺。
Compared with/ to him, I'm just a beginner.和他相比，我就是個初學者。
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Unit 2 Go for it! 單詞解析（二）
1.none (代詞)全無、沒有一點
[易混辨析] none， no one和nothing的區別
no one表示“沒有一個人”，只可用來指人，不能與of連用，回答who的問句;作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
none即可表示沒有人，也可表示沒有物，常與of連用，回答用how many/how much的問句。
nothing只可表示“沒有物”，不可加of，回答 what的問句;作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
Eg: -- Who is knocking at the door 誰在敲門 -- No one. 沒有人。
No one knows the answer. 沒有人知道答案。
None of us have been to Macao.我們沒有一個人去過澳門。
I have nothing to say. 我沒什么可說的。
2.member (名詞)成員
[用法講解] member為可數名詞，其復數形式為members。
[常見搭配] a member of ...一名...的成員
Eg: He is a member of our school football.他事我們校足球隊的一員。
3.moment (名詞)某一時刻
[用法講解] moment作名詞，也可譯為“片刻、時機”等。
[常見搭配]
at the moment 此刻、目前
for the moment 暫時
Wait a moment. 稍等一會。
Eg: They knew he enjoyed every moment.他們知道他享受著每一刻。
We are busy at the moment. 我們目前很忙。
She is out, so you may use her typewriter for the moment.她出去了，你可以暫時使用她的打字機。
4.if(連詞)假若、要是、如果
[用法講解] if為連詞，譯為“如果”，常常用來引 導條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現”原則，即主句為將來時，從句為一般現在時。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。
if也可以譯為“是否”，用來引導賓語從句，時態隨實際情況而定。
Eg: I don't know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。
5.possible (形容詞)可能的、可能做到的、可能實現的
[常見搭配]
as ... as possible盡可能
if possible 如果可能
It is possible to do sth.做某事是有可能的
[派生詞] 反義詞:impossible譯為“不可能的”
副詞形式為possibly，譯為“可能地”
名詞形式為possibility，譯為“可能性”。
Eg: There are possible solutions to this problem. 這個問題可能有解決方案。
It is possible to finish the work in two days.兩天內完成這項工作是有可能的。
He tries to run as fast as possible. 他盡可能快跑。
I need to see you, right away if possible.我要見你，如果可能，馬上。
Don't ask me to do impossible things.別叫我作不可能的事。
I can't possibly tell you that! 我絕不會把那件事告訴你的!
There is a strong possibility that we'll lose the game.我們很有可能輸掉比賽。
6.purpose (名詞)目的、意圖
[用法講解] purpose在表示“目的、用途”等意時為可數名詞;purpose在表示“意志、決心”時
為不可數名詞。
[常見搭配]
the purpose of ... ...的目的
on purpose 故意(地);有意(地)
Eg: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our future plans.這次會議的目的是討論我們的未來計劃。
He broke the vase on purpose.他故意打破了花瓶。
7.raise (動詞)籌集、籌募
[用法講解] raise作動詞時，也可譯為“舉起、提高、撫養、提出”等意。
[常見搭配]
raise one's hand舉手
raise money 籌集資金
Eg: Please raise your glass and toast to our success. 請舉杯為我們的成功干杯。
We are trying to raise money for the animals in danger.我們正在為瀕危動物籌集資金。
Please raise your hand if you have any questions. 如果你有任何問題請舉手。
She was raised in a small town in the countryside. 她在鄉下一個小鎮長大。
He raised an important issue during the meeting. 他在會議上提出了一個重要問題。
[易混辨析] rise, arise與raise區別:
rise (動詞)“上升”表示由低到高的變化過程，強調主語自身移向較高位置。
arise (動詞)“起身”主語發出的動作，作用到其它事物。
raise (動詞)“舉起”表示把具體事物舉到高處。
Eg: The sun rises.太陽升起來了。
He arises to greet her.他起身向她問候。
He raises his hand to answer questions.他舉手回答問題。
8.charity (名詞)慈善事業
[用法講解] charity為可數名詞，其復數形式為charities。
[派生詞] 其形容詞形式為charitable，譯為“慷慨的、仁慈的”。
[常見搭配]
charity work 慈善工作
charity event 慈善活動
out of charity 出于仁慈
charity for the needy施舍窮人
charity to all men 博愛
Eg: Charity begins at home. 仁愛始于家。
The charity does a lot of good.這家慈善機構做了很多善事。
She likes to take part in the charitable activities.她喜歡參加慈善活動。
9.encourage (動詞)鼓勵、激勵
[常見搭配] encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事
[派生詞] 其名詞形式為encouragement，譯為“鼓勵”
Eg: I have always encouraged him.我一直鼓勵他。
My parents always encourage me to follow my dreams.我的父母總是鼓勵我追隨自己的夢想。
She was given every encouragement to try something new.她得到充分的鼓勵去嘗試新事物。
10.teach (動詞) 教
[用法講解] teach的過去式為taught，過去分詞為taught。
[常見搭配]
teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
teach a lesson 教訓
teach oneself 自學
Eg: Jack often teaches me English. 杰克經常教我英語。
My brother usually teaches me to swim on weekend afternoons.我哥哥通常周末下午教我游泳。
The failure taught him a valuable lesson about perseverance.這次失敗讓他明白堅持的重要教訓。
He taught himself how to program computers.他自學了如何編程電腦。
11.note (名詞)筆記
[用法講解] note作名詞還可譯為“便條、音符、紙幣”等，其為可數名詞，其復數形式為notes; note也可作動詞，譯為“注意、記錄”等。
[常見搭配]
take notes 記筆記
make a note of sth.把某事記下來
leave a note 留一張便條
Eg: She often takes notes carefully in class.她經常在課堂上認真記筆記。
He left a note on the fridge saying he would be home late.他在冰箱上留了便條說他晚點回家。
The song started with a high note. 這首歌曲以高音開始。
He paid with a ten - pound note.他用十英鎊付款。
Please note that the office will be closed on Friday. 請注意周五這個辦公室將關閉。
I shall make a note of your statement. 我們將把你的發言記錄下來。
12.during (介詞)在...期間
[常見搭配]
during the time of ... 在這段時間里
during the period ...在...期間
Eg:She studied abroad during the time of graduation.她畢業這段時間里出國留學。
They had their vacation during the period June to August.在六月到八月期間他們在度假。
[易混辨析] during與in區別
during強調事件的延續性，常表示某個特定時間段內的持續動作或狀態，常常與表示行為要持續一段時間的名詞連用，如“meal、stay”等;
in為一般時間段，不強調時間的延續性。
Eg: Don't speak during the meal.吃飯期間不許說話。(食不言)
I'll be on holiday in August. 我八月份將去度假。
13.consider(動詞)考慮、細想
[用法講解] consider后面常接名詞、代詞、動名詞或“how/what等+動詞不定式”或賓語從句。
Eg: Do you consider that we can finish the project ahead of time 你認為我們能提前完成這個項目嗎
He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他從考慮過如何解決這個問題。
[派生詞] 其名詞形式為consideration，譯為“考慮”。
[常見搭配]
consider dong sth. 考慮做某事
consider sb./ sth as sth.把某人/某物視為某種身份或特質
take into consideration 在做決定時將某事納入考慮范圍
Eg: I'm considering changing my job.我正在考慮換工作。
She considers herself as a leader. 她把自己視作一個領導者。
We must take his experience into consideration.我們必須考慮到他的經驗。
14.both(代詞)兩者、雙方、兩個都
[用法講解] both作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。
both作主語時，常與名詞或代詞連用;
Eg: Both Tom and Jerry are cartoon characters.湯姆和杰瑞都是卡通人物。
both作賓語時，常放在動詞之后;
Eg:I like both pizza and pasta. 我喜歡披薩和意大利面。
both作定語時，可放在名詞前，修飾復數名詞，表示“兩個都”;
Eg: I have a friend who is both a doctor and a lawyer.我有一個既是醫生又是律師的朋友。
both作同位語時，放在be動詞或行為動詞之前。
Eg: They are both from Australia. 他們兩人都是澳大利亞人。
[常見搭配]
both A and B 兩者都
both of ....….兩個
Eg: She can speak both English and French.她即會說英語也會說法語。
Both of them are not right. 兩者都不是正確的。
15.sink(動詞)下沉、沉沒
[用法講解] sink作動詞時，譯為“坐下、降低、挖掘”等;sink也可作名詞，譯為“水槽”;其過去式為sank，其過去分詞為sunk。
Eg: The ship sank to the bottom of the sea.船沉入海底。
She sank back into her seat. 她又坐回椅子上。
The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.
英鎊比美元的比價降到了有史以來最低水平。
He sank a well in the field. 他在田野里挖了一口井。
Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink.別把贓盤子往洗碗槽里一放就不管了。
[常見搭配]
sink in 滲透、理解
sink or swim 自救、自生自滅、成敗完全靠自己
Eg: The news finally sank in. 消息終于滲透進來。
This time he'll sink or swim.這回對他將是成敗在此一舉了。
[派生詞] sinkable為形容詞，譯為“可沉沒的”;
sinking為形容詞，譯為“下沉的”;
Eg: The sinking of tanker has made aspects of marine pollution particularly topical.
郵輪的沉沒使得海洋污染的方方面面都成為眼下大家尤為關注的熱門話題。
16.as(介詞)在某一年齡段時
[用法講解] as作介詞還可譯為“作為、像”;
Eg: As a child, she was sent to six different schools.在孩童時，她杯送到6所不同學校。
As a teacher, she must look after every students.作為一名老師，她必須照顧每個學生。
as還可作副詞，譯為“同樣地”;
Eg: It is as bright as daylight in the great hall. 大廳里亮得如同白晝。
as還可作連詞，譯為“當...時候”。
Eg: As darkness closed about them, they decided to return home.當夜幕降臨時，他們決定回家。
[常見搭配]
as soon as... -...就...
as 形容詞 as 像...一樣
Eg: I will call you as soon as I arrive there.我一到那就給你打電話。
Math is as important as English. 數學像英語一樣重要。
17.surfer (名詞)沖浪者
[用法講解] surfer為可數名詞，其復數形式為surfers.
[派生詞] surf為動詞，譯為“沖浪”。
Eg: The surfers were riding in towards the beach on the crests of the waves.
沖浪者們順著浪頭沖向岸邊。
[常見搭配] surf the Internet上網沖浪
Eg: Surfing the Internet is fun, but it's also a time waster.上網很有意思，但也很浪費時間。
18.shark (名詞)鯊魚
[用法講解] shark為可數名詞，其復數形式為sharks.
Eg: I saw a shark in the aquarium. It was huge and scary.我在水族館看到了一條鯊魚。它又大有嚇人。
19.attack(動詞)襲擊、毆打、破壞
[用法講解] attack還可作名詞，譯為“攻擊、進攻”。
Eg: The army attacked the town at dawn.軍隊在拂曉時向這座城發動攻擊。
The article received a lot of criticism for its attack on the government.
這篇文章因對政府的攻擊而收到很多批評。
[常見搭配]
attack on/ against sb./ sth. 對某人/事的攻擊
attack by/ from sb./ sth.來自某人或某物的攻擊
under attack 受到攻擊
Eg: They launched a frontal attack on company directors.他們向公司董事發起了正面攻擊。
She was attacked by a shark last week.上周她被一條鯊魚攻擊了。
The city was under attack by enemy forces for several days.這座城市被敵軍攻擊了好幾天。
[派生詞] attacker為名詞，譯為“攻擊者”。
Eg: The police have so far failed to track down the attacker.警方至今未能追捕到攻擊者。
20.nearly (副詞) 幾乎、差不多、將近
[派生詞] near為形容詞，譯為“附近的”
Eg: Don't put that glass so near the edge of the table.不要把那只玻璃杯放在離桌子的邊緣。
[用法講解]
nearly在句中位于動詞前，表示動作的近似完成;
Eg: She nearly missed the train.她差點錯過了火車。
nearly在句中位于形容詞前，表示程度的接近;
Eg: I was nearly asleep.我快睡著了。
nearly在句中位于名詞前，表示數量的接近。
Eg: Nearly half of the population is under30 years old.近一半的人口在30歲一下。
[易混辨析] nearly和almost區別
nearly表示接近但未達到完成的程度;
Almost表示接近，但更強調接近完成的狀態。
Eg: He very nearly died.他差點死了。
He almost cried. 他差點哭出來。
21.die(動詞)死去、死亡
[常見搭配]
die from 死于(外部原因)
die of 死于(內部原因)
die for ... 為...而死
die out 滅絕
die away 逐漸消失
Eg: He died from a heart attack.他死于心臟病。
She died of cancer. 她死于癌癥。
Many soldiers died for their country.許多士兵為國捐軀。
Many species are dying out due to habitat loss.許多物種因棲息地喪失而滅絕。
The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.
隨著我們走進森林，海浪的聲音逐漸消失了。
[易混辨析] die、dead、dying、death區別
die為動詞，譯為“死亡”;
dead為形容詞，譯為“已故的、死的”;
dying為形容詞，譯為“奄奄一息的”;
death為名詞，譯為“死亡”。
Eg: His father died last year.他的父親去年去世了。
The cat is dead. 貓死了。
A dying man is lying on the street.一個奄奄一息的人躺在街上。
His mother's death was a great shock to him.他母親的去世對他是一個巨大的打擊。
22.competition (名詞)比賽
[用法講解] competition為可數名詞，其復數形式為competitions;但當competition譯為“競爭”時，為不可數名詞。
Eg: There are usually some competitions on weekends.周末通常有一些比賽。
We are in competition with four other companies. 我們與其它四家公司競爭。
[常見搭配]
competition between/ with sb./sth.與某人/某物之間的競爭
competition for sth.為了某事的競爭
Eg: The competition for the new job was intense.對新工作的競爭非常激烈。
[派生詞] competitor為名詞，譯為“競爭者”。
competitive為形容詞，譯為“競爭的”。
Eg: Over 200 competitors entered the race.200多名競爭者參加了比賽。
Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商業是要競爭的
pare(動詞)相比較、可媲美
[常見搭配]
compare A with B 把A與B進行比較
compare A to B 把A比作B
compare to/ with ...與...相比
Eg: Parents shouldn't compare their children with others.
父母不應該把他們的孩子和其他孩子進行比較。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺。
Compared with/ to him, I'm just a beginner.和他相比，我就是個初學者。
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