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7-3-2 2024-2025學年高二選擇性必修第四冊英語
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 整體掌握 課文學案
人教版英語24字整體教學 教師版
目 錄
◆讀前清障
課文詞塊，詞匯英漢
◆ 課文釋譯
重點詞匯標注，重點句型講解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整體理解 文本宏觀框架
SCANNING 細節探究 文本微觀剖析
REREADING 主題實踐 閱讀思維升華
RETELLING 整體掌握 文本知識濃縮
Reading and Thinking
◆閱讀清障
Ⅰ. 核心詞匯
1. ________ n. 故事；敘述
2. ________ n. 等級；水平；聯合會；聯賽
3. ________ vi. & vt. (使)撤回；撤離
4. ________ n. 航道；海峽；頻道
5. ________ n. 紐帶；關系 vt. & vi. 增強信任關系；使牢固結合
Ⅱ. 拓展詞匯
1. ________ vt. 擴展；使伸長；延長→________ n. 擴大；延長
2. ________ vt. 商定；達成(協議) vi. 談判；磋商；協商→________ n. 談判；磋商；協商
3. ________ adj. 皇家的；王室的；高貴的→________ n. 王室成員；版稅
Ⅲ. 閱讀詞匯
1. ________________ n. 商人；批發商 adj. 海上貨運的
2. fleet n. ________________
3. spice n. ________________
4. maritime adj. ________________
Ⅳ. 重點短語
1. ________ sb. to do sth. 激勵某人做某事
2. search ________ 尋找
3. ________ sail 起航；開航
4. lead ________ 導致；通向
5. ________ a league of one's own 獨領風騷
6. ________ the command of. . . 在……的指揮下
7. in return ________ 作為……的報答
8. withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
9. continue ________ sth. 繼續做某事
10. for the benefit ________ 為……的利益
11. ________ a scientific point of view從科學的角度看
12. ________ hand 在手頭；可供使用
【答案】
Ⅰ. 核心詞匯
1. tale　2. league　3. withdraw　4. channel　5. bond
Ⅱ. 拓展詞匯
1. extend　extension　2. negotiate　negotiation　3. royal　royalty
Ⅲ. 閱讀詞匯
1. merchant　2. 艦隊；機群；車隊　3. (調味)香料　4. 海的；海運的；海事的
Ⅳ. 重點短語
1. inspire　2. for　3. set　4. to　5. in　6. under　7. for　8. from　9. to do　10. of　11. from　12. in
◆ 課文釋譯
詞匯助讀 原文 譯文
①form the foundation of構成……的基礎 ②early civilisations早期文明 ③tale n. 故事；敘述 ④search for尋找 ⑤merchants and explorers商人和探險家 ⑥set sail 起航；開航 ⑦find one's way找到路 ⑧become known as作為……而出名 ⑨extend vt. 擴展；使伸長；延長 ⑩centre around以……為中心 negotiate trade deals協調貿易問題 awareness of意識到 over the centuries幾個世紀以來 develop relations with發展與……的關系 seven large fleets七支大型船隊 behold vt. 看；看見 in a league of one's own獨領風騷 under the command of在……的指揮下 African royal families非洲王室 in return作為報答 spice n. (調味)香料 withdraw from退出；撤回 channel n. 航道 reach out across the sea遠渡重洋 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世紀海上絲綢之路 encourage cooperation and trade鼓勵開展合作和貿易 strengthen the bonds加強聯系 in years to come在未來幾年 invest billions投資數十億 for the benefit of為……的利益 cultural exchange文化交流 many other places left很多其他剩余的地方 expeditions to explore the Arctic北極探險活動 from a scientific point of view從科學的角度來看 with the latest technology in hand掌握最新技術 enhance relationships加強關系 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of① mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world(1) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations②. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for④ sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers⑤ from the East set sail⑥ from east to west many years before Columbus first did(2). (1)不定式短語作主語。 (2)before引導時間狀語從句。 In ancient times，silk from China found its way⑦ overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as⑧ the Silk Road(3). A trading route across the sea was also extended⑨ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around⑩ Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures(4). Over the centuries ，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (3)what引導賓語從句。 (4)which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾主句。 Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold，silk，and spices . Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433(5)，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. (5)although引導讓步狀語從句。 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road ，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative(6). (6)which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。 The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come . China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange (7). (7) which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾主句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times(8)，there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic . From a scientific point of view ，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (8)although引導讓步狀語從句。 Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand ，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 跨海越洋 貿易和好奇心通常構成人類最偉大成就的基礎。在早期文明中，人們對繪制世界大地圖充滿激情。馬可·波羅的故事激勵了歐洲探險家尋找自西向東的海上航線。然而，在哥倫布首次啟航之前的許多年，東方的商人和探險家就已經開始自東向西航行。 在古代，中國絲綢經由一條陸路運到印度、中東和羅馬，這條路就是有名的“絲綢之路”。以錫蘭(今斯里蘭卡)為中心的一條橫跨海洋的貿易路線沿印度洋海岸延伸。在這里，來自中國和其他許多地方的商人匯聚一起，洽談貿易協議，這也增進了對彼此文化的認識。幾個世紀間，隨著貿易的發展，對中國以西地區的探索増多了，這些在八世紀杜環所著的《經行記》一書中有所記載。 后來，明朝進一步發展了與這些地區的關系。1405年至1433年間，七支大型船隊西渡重洋，開展貿易和探索。這些船隊在當時蔚為壯觀，獨領風騷。在鄭和的指揮下，船隊從中國南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵紅海海口，然后前往非洲東海岸。非洲王室贈送長頸鹿等禮物以示友好，同時也是作為他們獲得黃金、絲綢和香料的回贈。盡管1433年后中國停止了進一步的探索，但在隨后的幾個世紀，這些陸地和海洋路線仍是與其他文化之間的活躍通道。 今天，跨海越洋依舊是人們強烈的渴望。隨著作為“一帶一路”倡議的組成部分的“21世紀海上絲綢之路”的提出，鄭和航行過的古代航道而今再度受到關注。 這項倡議旨在鼓勵橫跨歷史悠久的絲綢之路地區的合作與貿易，同時加強中國與世界其他地區之間的聯系。近年來，貿易增長迅猛，未來幾年也將繼續增長。中國已經在這些沿線地區的運輸系統和服務上投入了數十億美元，這將促進整個地區實現大發展，有利于未來的貿易和文化交流。 中國還與海洋彼岸的友邦一起參與了其他重要項目。盡管鄭和所航行的古代海上路線已經重走很多次了，但仍有許多其他地方有待探索。近年來，中國與其他國家一道開展了多次北極考察。從科學角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。 數百年過去了，由于擁有了最新技術，在貿易的必要性和增進關系的愿望的驅動下，中國將跨海越洋，邁向未來。
理解探究
SKIMMING 整體理解 文本宏觀框架
Activity 1　Fast-reading for main ideas
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1　 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other
countries.
Para. 2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para. 3 C. In ancient times，travel from east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para. 4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para. 5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and
strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para. 6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
答案　Paras. 1－6　B　C　D　E　F　A
2. What’s the main idea of the passage
The text mainly talks about sea exploration in the past and now. As time goes by，China will continue to reach out across the sea in order to strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
3. Structure of the passage.
Part 1 (1)Para. 1 The reasons to explore other places.
Part 2 (2)Paras. 2－3 The sea exploration in ancient China.
Part 3 (3)Paras. 4－5 The sea exploration in today’s China.
Part 4 (4)Para. 6 The exploration in the future.
4. How is the passage developed
A. By comparison.
B. By following the order of time.
C. By listing examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
答案　B
SCANNING 細節探究 文本微觀剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
[句式分析]　此句是主從復合句。句中to negotiate trade deals是動詞不定式短語作目的狀語；which引導非限制性定語從句。
[自主翻譯]　在這里，來自中國和其他許多地方的商人匯聚一起，洽談貿易協議，這也增進了對彼此文化的認識。
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
[句式分析]　此句是主從復合句。句中travelled by Zheng He是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾The ancient sea routes；which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。
[自主翻譯]　作為“一帶一路”倡議的組成部分，“21世紀海上絲綢之路”讓鄭和曾經走過的古代海上航線再度受到關注。
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.
[句式分析]　此句是主從復合句。句中Although引導讓步狀語從句；left意為“剩余的，剩下的”，常作后置定語。
[自主翻譯]　盡管鄭和的古代海上路線已經重走很多次了，但仍有許多其他地方有待探索。
4. From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
[句式分析]　此句是簡單句。句中含有“there is an urgent need to do sth. ”句型，意為“迫切需要做某事”；in order to understand climate change and its effects作目的狀語。
[自主翻譯]　從科學角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。
5. Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
[句式分析]　此句是簡單句。句中with the latest technology in hand是with的復合結構作狀語；to trade 和to enhance relationships 是兩個動詞不定式作后置定語，分別修飾the need和the desire。
[自主翻譯]　數百年過去了，由于擁有了最新技術，在貿易的必要性和增進關系的愿望的驅動下，中國將跨海越洋，邁向未來。
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Where did people meet to do business
A. Ceylon. B. India.
C. Rome. D. China.
2. Which word can be used to describe Zheng He’s fleet
A. Impressive. B. Worrisome.
C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.
3. Where did China explore with other countries
A. The Red Sea.
B. The Arctic.
C. The South China Sea.
D. The east coast of Africa.
4. Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative
A. To begin a trading route on the ocean.
B. To make business with neighboring countries.
C. To spread the culture of China to other countries.
D. To strengthen the relationship between China and other countries.
答案: 1～4. AABD
Step 5. 讀后續寫微技能
概要寫作微技能——確定段落主旨句
A. 閱讀課文中的段落主旨句
1. Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. (Paragraph 1)
2. A trading route across the sea，centred around Ceylon，allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China. (Paragraph 2)
3. The Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. (Paragraph 3)
B. 判斷下面哪個不是段落主旨句
1. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. (Paragraph 4)
2. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. (Paragraph 6)
3. China will reach out across the sea far into the future. (paragraph 7)
[答案]　2
REREADING 主題實踐 閱讀思維升華
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
The world the (1)Europeans from west to east
merchants and explorers from east to west
China
In ancient times The way The (2)route
The (3)Silk Road by land from China to India, the Middle East, and Rome
A (4)trading route across the sea To the Indian Ocean, center on (5)Ceylon.
The (6)Ming Dynasty Zheng He led seven large fleets. From the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of (7)the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa
Today The 21st Century (8)Maritime Silk Road Its aim To strengthen the (9)bonds
To encourage cooperation and trade
Explore other places, like (10)the Arctic
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)How Did Marco Polo change the world
Marco Polo changed the world by writing a book about his travels from Venice to the court of Kublai Khan in China. His account of his journeys inspired other adventurers, such as the explorer Christopher Columbus, who always carried a copy of Polo’s book. Maps he brought back helped to develop European cartography, and he introduced Europe to Chinese innovations such as paper money, coal, eyeglasses and a postal service.
(2)What is “Belt and Road Initiative”
China’s “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is a planned multitrillion-dollar infrastructure program that is intended to link China with more than 100 countries through railroad, shipping and energy projects.
The BRI will recreate the Silk Road, an old network of trading routes between the East and the West, by investing large sums of money into other countries to build such infrastructure projects.
The “belt” will consist of land routes connecting economies in Asia, Europe, Africa and Europe. The “road” —while not actually a road — will connect various ocean routes through these areas.
(3)Why and how do scientists study the Arctic
Today, scientists study the Arctic to learn more about how climate and weather are changing. They investigate how Arctic climate and weather interact with the rest of the world, and are working to understand how climate change will affect the region. To study the Arctic, researchers sometimes travel to the field to conduct experiments or make observations. They study the properties of snow and sea ice, digging snow pits to examine the properties of snow, or measuring the thickness of sea ice by hand to determine how the ice cover is changing. Researchers also study the frozen ground and permafrost that covers much of the Arctic lands. And biologists research the unique plants and animals that live in the Arctic.
RETELLING 整體掌握 文本知識濃縮
Step 1 vocabulary
1. She invented a tale (故事) about missing the bus to explain her lateness.
2. Any knowledgeable wine merchant (商人) would be able to advise you.
3. The path extends (延長) beyond the end of the road.
4. His publishing house just began negotiating (商定) for her next book.
5. We beheld (看見) a beautiful vista before us.
6. Their record sales would put them in the same league (水平) as The Rolling Stones.
7. Once in court, he withdrew (撤回) the statement he’d made to the police.
8. The boats all have to pass through this narrow channel (航道).
9. Make sure you visit the maritime (海事的) museum if you’re interested in anything to do with ships or seafaring.
10. In societies with strong family bonds (紐帶), people tend to live longer.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. The new charity will be giving away $55 million a year, putting it in the same league as other well-known charities.
這家新的慈善機構每年將捐贈5 500萬美元, 與其他知名慈善機構并駕齊驅。
2. A thousand boats set sail on a long stretch of the river.
百里江面, 千帆競發。
3. She always had a great deal of work in hand, but no one ever heard her complain.
她手頭總有許多工作要做, 但從沒有人聽到她抱怨。
4. Most older people do not withdraw from society.
大多數的老年人并沒有退出社會生活的圈子。
5. Perhaps you need to negotiate with your boss to shift your responsibilities.
也許你需要和老板溝通, 調整你的工作職責。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根據下面提示, 用本單元詞匯和句型寫一篇50詞左右的短文
1. 有一個古老的傳說, 是關于一個商人登上一艘在清晨起航的船隊的。(tale, merchant, set sail)
2. 這個商人去印度做生意買香料。(spice)
3. 在返航途中, 他與一些水手組成聯盟, 搶劫其他商人的貨物, 并與這些水手商議如何分配所得。(negotiate)
4. 但最終, 他們的嘗試失敗了。
____________________________________________________________________
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【參考范文】
There was an ancient tale about how a merchant went aboard a fleet of ship that set sail on an early morning. He went to do business to buy spices in India. During the voyage to return to his home, he was in league with some sailors to rob other merchants’ goods and he negotiated with these sailors on how to divide what they got. But in the end, their attempt failed completely.
Step 4課文語法填空
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1. foundation(found) of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers 2. to search(search) for sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3. did(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4. centred(centre) around Ceylon.
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China. Seven large 5. fleets(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7. a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,8. which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has joined 9. its(it) friends across the sea on some important projects. With the latest technology in hand，the need to trade 10. and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.7-3-2 2024-2025學年高二選擇性必修第四冊英語
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 整體掌握 課文學案
人教版英語24字整體教學 學生版
目 錄
◆讀前清障
課文詞塊，詞匯英漢
◆ 課文釋譯
重點詞匯標注，重點句型講解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整體理解 文本宏觀框架
SCANNING 細節探究 文本微觀剖析
REREADING 主題實踐 閱讀思維升華
RETELLING 整體掌握 文本知識濃縮
Reading and Thinking
◆閱讀清障
Ⅰ. 核心詞匯
1. ________ n. 故事；敘述
2. ________ n. 等級；水平；聯合會；聯賽
3. ________ vi. & vt. (使)撤回；撤離
4. ________ n. 航道；海峽；頻道
5. ________ n. 紐帶；關系 vt. & vi. 增強信任關系；使牢固結合
Ⅱ. 拓展詞匯
1. ________ vt. 擴展；使伸長；延長→________ n. 擴大；延長
2. ________ vt. 商定；達成(協議) vi. 談判；磋商；協商→________ n. 談判；磋商；協商
3. ________ adj. 皇家的；王室的；高貴的→________ n. 王室成員；版稅
Ⅲ. 閱讀詞匯
1. ________________ n. 商人；批發商 adj. 海上貨運的
2. fleet n. ________________
3. spice n. ________________
4. maritime adj. ________________
Ⅳ. 重點短語
1. ________ sb. to do sth. 激勵某人做某事
2. search ________ 尋找
3. ________ sail 起航；開航
4. lead ________ 導致；通向
5. ________ a league of one's own 獨領風騷
6. ________ the command of. . . 在……的指揮下
7. in return ________ 作為……的報答
8. withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
9. continue ________ sth. 繼續做某事
10. for the benefit ________ 為……的利益
11. ________ a scientific point of view從科學的角度看
12. ________ hand 在手頭；可供使用
◆ 課文釋譯
詞匯助讀 原文 譯文
①form the foundation of構成……的基礎 ②early civilisations早期文明 ③tale n. 故事；敘述 ④search for尋找 ⑤merchants and explorers商人和探險家 ⑥set sail 起航；開航 ⑦find one's way找到路 ⑧become known as作為……而出名 ⑨extend vt. 擴展；使伸長；延長 ⑩centre around以……為中心 negotiate trade deals協調貿易問題 awareness of意識到 over the centuries幾個世紀以來 develop relations with發展與……的關系 seven large fleets七支大型船隊 behold vt. 看；看見 in a league of one's own獨領風騷 under the command of在……的指揮下 African royal families非洲王室 in return作為報答 spice n. (調味)香料 withdraw from退出；撤回 channel n. 航道 reach out across the sea遠渡重洋 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世紀海上絲綢之路 encourage cooperation and trade鼓勵開展合作和貿易 strengthen the bonds加強聯系 in years to come在未來幾年 invest billions投資數十億 for the benefit of為……的利益 cultural exchange文化交流 many other places left很多其他剩余的地方 expeditions to explore the Arctic北極探險活動 from a scientific point of view從科學的角度來看 with the latest technology in hand掌握最新技術 enhance relationships加強關系 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of① mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world(1) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations②. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for④ sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers⑤ from the East set sail⑥ from east to west many years before Columbus first did(2). (1)不定式短語作主語。 (2)before引導時間狀語從句。 In ancient times，silk from China found its way⑦ overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as⑧ the Silk Road(3). A trading route across the sea was also extended⑨ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around⑩ Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures(4). Over the centuries ，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (3)what引導賓語從句。 (4)which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾主句。 Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold，silk，and spices . Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433(5)，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. (5)although引導讓步狀語從句。 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road ，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative(6). (6)which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。 The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come . China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange (7). (7) which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾主句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times(8)，there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic . From a scientific point of view ，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (8)although引導讓步狀語從句。 Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand ，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 跨海越洋 貿易和好奇心通常構成人類最偉大成就的基礎。在早期文明中，人們對繪制世界大地圖充滿激情。馬可·波羅的故事激勵了歐洲探險家尋找自西向東的海上航線。然而，在哥倫布首次啟航之前的許多年，東方的商人和探險家就已經開始自東向西航行。 在古代，中國絲綢經由一條陸路運到印度、中東和羅馬，這條路就是有名的“絲綢之路”。以錫蘭(今斯里蘭卡)為中心的一條橫跨海洋的貿易路線沿印度洋海岸延伸。在這里，來自中國和其他許多地方的商人匯聚一起，洽談貿易協議，這也增進了對彼此文化的認識。幾個世紀間，隨著貿易的發展，對中國以西地區的探索増多了，這些在八世紀杜環所著的《經行記》一書中有所記載。 后來，明朝進一步發展了與這些地區的關系。1405年至1433年間，七支大型船隊西渡重洋，開展貿易和探索。這些船隊在當時蔚為壯觀，獨領風騷。在鄭和的指揮下，船隊從中國南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵紅海海口，然后前往非洲東海岸。非洲王室贈送長頸鹿等禮物以示友好，同時也是作為他們獲得黃金、絲綢和香料的回贈。盡管1433年后中國停止了進一步的探索，但在隨后的幾個世紀，這些陸地和海洋路線仍是與其他文化之間的活躍通道。 今天，跨海越洋依舊是人們強烈的渴望。隨著作為“一帶一路”倡議的組成部分的“21世紀海上絲綢之路”的提出，鄭和航行過的古代航道而今再度受到關注。 這項倡議旨在鼓勵橫跨歷史悠久的絲綢之路地區的合作與貿易，同時加強中國與世界其他地區之間的聯系。近年來，貿易增長迅猛，未來幾年也將繼續增長。中國已經在這些沿線地區的運輸系統和服務上投入了數十億美元，這將促進整個地區實現大發展，有利于未來的貿易和文化交流。 中國還與海洋彼岸的友邦一起參與了其他重要項目。盡管鄭和所航行的古代海上路線已經重走很多次了，但仍有許多其他地方有待探索。近年來，中國與其他國家一道開展了多次北極考察。從科學角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。 數百年過去了，由于擁有了最新技術，在貿易的必要性和增進關系的愿望的驅動下，中國將跨海越洋，邁向未來。
理解探究
SKIMMING 整體理解 文本宏觀框架
Activity 1　Fast-reading for main ideas
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1　 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other
countries.
Para. 2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para. 3 C. In ancient times，travel from east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para. 4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para. 5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and
strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para. 6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
2. What’s the main idea of the passage
The text mainly talks about sea exploration in the past and now. As time goes by，China will continue to reach out across the sea in order to strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
3. Structure of the passage.
Part 1 (1)_______________ The reasons to explore other places.
Part 2 (2)_______________ The sea exploration in ancient China.
Part 3 (3)_______________ The sea exploration in today’s China.
Part 4 (4)_______________ The exploration in the future.
4. How is the passage developed
A. By comparison.
B. By following the order of time.
C. By listing examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
SCANNING 細節探究 文本微觀剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
[句式分析]　此句是_______________句。句中to negotiate trade deals是動詞不定式短語作_______________；which引導_______________從句。
[自主翻譯]　________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
[句式分析]　此句是_______________句。句中travelled by Zheng He是過去分詞短語作_______________，修飾_______________；which引導_______________從句，修飾先行詞_______________。
[自主翻譯]　________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.
[句式分析]　此句是_______________句。句中Although引導_______________；left意為“_______________”，常作后置定語。
[自主翻譯]　________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
[句式分析]　此句是_______________句。句中含有“there is an urgent need to do sth. ”句型，意為“_______________”；in order to understand climate change and its effects作_______________。
[自主翻譯]　________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
[句式分析]　此句是_______________。句中with the latest technology in hand是_______________結構作狀語；to trade 和to enhance relationships 是兩個動詞不定式作_______________，分別修飾_______________和_______________。
[自主翻譯]　________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Where did people meet to do business
A. Ceylon. B. India.
C. Rome. D. China.
2. Which word can be used to describe Zheng He’s fleet
A. Impressive. B. Worrisome.
C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.
3. Where did China explore with other countries
A. The Red Sea.
B. The Arctic.
C. The South China Sea.
D. The east coast of Africa.
4. Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative
A. To begin a trading route on the ocean.
B. To make business with neighboring countries.
C. To spread the culture of China to other countries.
D. To strengthen the relationship between China and other countries.
Step 5. 讀后續寫微技能
概要寫作微技能——確定段落主旨句
A. 閱讀課文中的段落主旨句
1. Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. (Paragraph 1)
2. A trading route across the sea，centred around Ceylon，allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China. (Paragraph 2)
3. The Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. (Paragraph 3)
B. 判斷下面哪個不是段落主旨句
1. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. (Paragraph 4)
2. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. (Paragraph 6)
3. China will reach out across the sea far into the future. (paragraph 7)
REREADING 主題實踐 閱讀思維升華
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
The world the (1)_______________ from west to east
merchants and explorers from east to west
China
In ancient times The way The (2)_______________
The (3)_______________ Road by land from China to India, the Middle East, and Rome
A (4)_______________ route across the sea To the Indian Ocean, center on (5)_______________.
The (6)_______________ Dynasty Zheng He led seven large fleets. From the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of (7)_______________, and then to the east coast of Africa
Today The 21st Century (8)_______________ Silk Road Its aim To strengthen the (9)_______________
To encourage cooperation and trade
Explore other places, like (10)_______________
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)How Did Marco Polo change the world
(2)What is “Belt and Road Initiative”
(3)Why and how do scientists study the Arctic
RETELLING 整體掌握 文本知識濃縮
Step 1 vocabulary
1. She invented a _______________ (故事) about missing the bus to explain her lateness.
2. Any knowledgeable wine _______________ (商人) would be able to advise you.
3. The path _______________ (延長) beyond the end of the road.
4. His publishing house just began _______________ (商定) for her next book.
5. We _______________ (看見) a beautiful vista before us.
6. Their record sales would put them in the same _______________ (水平) as The Rolling Stones.
7. Once in court, he _______________ (撤回) the statement he’d made to the police.
8. The boats all have to pass through this narrow _______________ (航道).
9. Make sure you visit the _______________ (海事的) museum if you’re interested in anything to do with ships or seafaring.
10. In societies with strong family _______________ (紐帶), people tend to live longer.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. The new charity will be giving away $55 million a year, _______________
這家新的慈善機構每年將捐贈5 500萬美元, 與其他知名慈善機構并駕齊驅。
2. A thousand boats _______________.
百里江面, 千帆競發。
3. She _______________, but no one ever heard her complain.
她手頭總有許多工作要做, 但從沒有人聽到她抱怨。
4. Most older people _______________.
大多數的老年人并沒有退出社會生活的圈子。
5. Perhaps _______________ to shift your responsibilities.
也許你需要和老板溝通, 調整你的工作職責。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根據下面提示, 用本單元詞匯和句型寫一篇50詞左右的短文
1. 有一個古老的傳說, 是關于一個商人登上一艘在清晨起航的船隊的。(tale, merchant, set sail)
2. 這個商人去印度做生意買香料。(spice)
3. 在返航途中, 他與一些水手組成聯盟, 搶劫其他商人的貨物, 并與這些水手商議如何分配所得。(negotiate)
4. 但最終, 他們的嘗試失敗了。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Step 4課文語法填空
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1. _______________(found) of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers 2. _______________(search) for sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3. _______________(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4. _______________(centre) around Ceylon.
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China. Seven large 5. _______________(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6. _______________ the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7. _______________ strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,8. _______________ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has joined 9. _______________(it) friends across the sea on some important projects. With the latest technology in hand，the need to trade 10. _______________ the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.

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