資源簡介

Unit 1超前集中 詞匯篇
2019人教版高考英語必修第一冊
英語24字整體教學(xué)講義
目 錄
第一節(jié) 認(rèn)識與記憶
逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀
第二節(jié) 透析與拓展
重點(diǎn)精講 例析拓展
第三節(jié) 應(yīng)用與提升
1. 分類默寫 精準(zhǔn)記憶
2. 語境實(shí)戰(zhàn) 翻譯提升
第一節(jié) 認(rèn)識與記憶
逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀
（“逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀”是一種有效的高中英語詞匯記憶策略。在詞匯學(xué)習(xí)過程中，我們提出“一目四項(xiàng)”的策略，即每次學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，我們專注于四個(gè)方面：單詞拼寫、音標(biāo)、基本詞義及詞性。這種方法能幫助學(xué)習(xí)者全面地把握一個(gè)單詞的各個(gè)方面，提高詞匯記憶的效率和準(zhǔn)確性。通過瘋狂誦讀，強(qiáng)化記憶）
單元詞匯
disaster /d zɑ st (r)/ n. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害
tornado /t ne d / n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)
drought /dra t/ n. 旱災(zāi)；久旱
landslide / l ndsla d/ n. (landfall) （山地或懸崖的）崩塌；滑坡
slide /sla d/ vi. & vt. （使）滑行；滑動(dòng)
tsunami /tsu nɑ mi/ n. 海嘯
flood /fl d/ n. 洪水；大量 vi 淹沒；大量涌入 vt. 使灌滿水；淹沒
volcanic eruption /v l k n k 'r p n/ 火山噴發(fā)
magnitude / m gn tju d/ n. （地）震級；重大
rescue / reskju / n. & vt. 營救；救援
damage / d m d / vt. 損害；破壞 n. 損壞；損失
destroy /d str / vt. 摧毀；毀滅
evacuate / v kjue t/ vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤離
helicopter / hel k pt (r)/ n. 直升機(jī)
death /deθ/ n. 死；死亡
affect / fekt/ vt. 影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
shelter / elt (r)/ n. 避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt. 保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）
crack /kr k/ n. 裂紋；裂縫 vi. & vt. 使破裂
as if / z f/ 似乎；好像；仿佛
ruin / ru n/ n. & vt. 破壞；毀壞
in ruins / n 'ru nz/ 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
percent /p 'sent/ n. 百分之... adj. & adv. 每一百中
brick /br k/ n. 磚；磚塊
metal / metl/ n. 金屬
shock / k/ n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt. (使)震驚；
in shock / n k/ 震驚；吃驚
electricity / lek tr s ti/ n. 電；電能
trap /tr p/ vt. 使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套 n. 險(xiǎn)境；陷阱
bury / beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
breathe /bri / vi. & vt. 呼吸
revive /r va v/ vi. & vt. 復(fù)活；（使）蘇醒
revival /r va vl/ n. 振興；復(fù)蘇
effort / ef t/ n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
unify / ju n fa / vi. & vt. 統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體
wisdom / w zd m/ n. 智慧；才智
context / k ntekst/ n. 上下文；語境；背景
suffer /s f / vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦
volcano /v l ke n / n. (pl .-oes or -os) 火山
erupt / r pt/ vi. & vt. （火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出
supply /s pla / n. 供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.] 補(bǔ)給品 vt. 供應(yīng)；供給
typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 臺風(fēng)
in the open air / n p n e (r)/ 露天；在戶外
hurricane / h r k n/ n. （尤指西大西洋的）颶風(fēng)
survive /s va v/ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艱難度過
power / pa (r)/ n. 電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力
tap /t p/ vi. & vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍 n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
pipe /pa p/ n. 管子；管道
whistle / w sl/ vi. 吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲
emergency /i m d nsi/ n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況
calm /kɑ m/ adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜
aid /e d/ n. 援助；幫助；救援物資 vi. & vt. (formal) 幫助；援助
kit /k t/ n. 成套工具；成套設(shè)備
first aid kit /f st e d k t/ 急救箱
on hand / n h nd/ 現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）
crash /kr / vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞擊 n. 撞車；碰撞
sweep /swi p/ vt. & vi. (swept, swept) 打掃；清掃
sweep away /swi p we / 消滅；徹底消除
wave /we v/ n. 海浪；波浪 vi. & vt. 揮手；招手
strike /stra k/ vi. & vt. ( struck, struck/stricken ) 侵襲；突擊；擊打 n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
deliver /d l v (r)/ vi. & vt. 傳遞；傳達(dá) vt. 發(fā)表
summary / s m ri/ n. 總結(jié)；概括；概要
effect / fekt/ n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果
length /le θ/ n. 長；長度
Ecuador /'ekw d (r)/ 厄瓜多爾（國家名）
Memphis / memfis/ 孟菲斯（美國城市）
Alberta / l'b t / 艾伯塔省（加拿大省份）
Colombo /k l mb u/ 科倫坡（斯里蘭卡首都）
Sri Lanka /sri lɑ k / 斯里蘭卡（國家名）
Indonesia / nd 'ni zj / 印度尼西亞（國家名）
Thailand /'ta l nd/ 泰國（國家名）
Malaysia /m 'le / 馬來西亞（國家名）
Sumatra Island /s mɑ tr a l nd/ 蘇門答臘島
Chandra Theeravit 錢德拉·特拉維
輔音字母組合的讀音（1）
輔字組 讀 音 例 詞
b [b] bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
C c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [[]] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[] machine Chicago
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge []] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
G g在e i/y前 [] bag gardon go
[] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -gue gu在非重讀音節(jié)中 [] guess league dialogue
[w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[] uncle thank hungry
-ng [] morning young wrong
第二節(jié) 透析與拓展
重點(diǎn)精講 例析拓展
rescue n．& vt.營救；救援
（1）come to one's rescue 來援救某人
a rescue team 救援隊(duì)
rescue workers 救援人員
（2）rescue...from... 把……從……營救出來
[教材P48] What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood hit area
救援人員和戰(zhàn)士正在洪災(zāi)地區(qū)做什么？
[佳句] Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟下面。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The firefighters rescued five children ________________ the burning house yesterday.
②It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber ________________（rescue）.
[寫美]——詞匯升級
③When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers saved us.
→When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers________________________________．
damage vt.損害；破壞 n．損壞；損失
（1）damage one's health 損害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to... 對……造成損害
pay the damage 賠償損失
[教材P48] Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
首爾的哪些建筑被毀？
[佳句] It is you rather than he that are responsible for the accident.As a result, I insist on your paying for the damage.
是你而不是他對這次事故負(fù)責(zé)。 因此， 我堅(jiān)持要你賠償損失。
[寫美]——一句多譯
眾所周知，抽煙會(huì)損害我們的健康。
①As we all know, smoking can______________________________________．（damage n．）
②It is well known that smoking can __________________________________．（damage vt.）
affect vt.影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
（1） affect sb./sth. 影響某人/某事
be （deeply） affected by 被（深深）打動(dòng)了
（2） effect n. 作用；影響
have an effect on... 對……產(chǎn)生影響
[教材P49] 82 killed, 500，000 affected
82人喪生，50萬人受影響
[佳句] According to research, using a mobile phone before going to bed can affect your health.
根據(jù)研究， 睡前使用手機(jī)會(huì)影響你的健康。
[練通]——寫出下列句中affect的含義
① Affected by the moving story, he burst into tears.________________________
② Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.________________________
③The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.________________________
[寫美]——詞匯轉(zhuǎn)換
④In my opinion, staying up late every day is certain to affect your health greatly.
→In my view, staying up late every day is certain to________________________________________________________．
shelter n．避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi.躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）
（1）take shelter from... 躲避……
（2）shelter...from... 保護(hù)/遮蔽……不/免受……的傷害
shelter from... 躲避……
[教材P49] Shelters set up by the government
政府建立的庇護(hù)所
[佳句] After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter.
可怕的地震過后，無家可歸的人不僅需要食物和水，還需要合適的住所。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①Trees were planted to shelter this area ________________ strong sand storms.
②It is very dangerous to take shelter ________________ rain under a tree especially during a summer rainstorm.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③太熱了，我們最好找棵大樹來遮陽。
It's too hot, so we'd better find a tree_____________________________________________．
句型公式：too＋adj.＋to...太……而不能……
（1）“too＋adj./adv.（for sb.） to do sth.”意為“太……而不能做某事”， 表示否定意義；
（2）“too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious to do sth.” 表示肯定意義。
[教材P50] Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.雞甚至豬都焦慮不安，不想進(jìn)食；狗拒絕進(jìn)入建筑物內(nèi)。
[佳句] I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我總是很忙，沒時(shí)間和她交談。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The problem is too difficult for me ________________ （settle）.
②I am ________________ pleased to help you with your homework.
[寫美]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
句型公式：as if＝as though “仿佛；好像”，可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句
“It seemed （to sb.） as if...”意為“（對某人來說）似乎……”。as if也可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。
（1）as if從句用陳述語氣：
從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的。
（2）as if從句用虛擬語氣：
①從句用一般過去時(shí)（與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）；
②從句用過去完成時(shí)（與過去的事實(shí)相反）；
③從句用would/could/might do形式（與將來的事實(shí)相反）
[教材P50] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
[佳句] It seems as if everything is back to life.
似乎一切都恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①He talks to them as if they________________（be） children.
②He talks about Rome as if he________________（be） there before.
③ He opened his mouth as if he ________________ （say）something.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④看起來似乎他并不在乎身邊的一切。
________________________________________________________________________________ he didn't care about everything around him.
ruin n．& vt.破壞；毀壞
（1）be/lie in ruins 成為廢墟；毀滅
fall into ruin 成為廢墟；破敗不堪
（2）ruin one's hope/future/health
毀掉某人的希望/將來/健康
ruin oneself 自我毀滅
[教材P50] In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，一座巨大的城市淪為廢墟。
[佳句] Having gone through two world wars, the castle has fallen into ruin.
經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)，那座城堡已經(jīng)破敗不堪了。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①Heavy smoking ________________（ruin） your health, so you should give up smoking.
②If you don't give up the computer games, you'll ruin ________________（you）.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們徹夜難眠。
________________________________________________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
shock n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt.（使）震驚
（1） a great shock to sb. 對某人來說是極大的震驚
in shock 震驚地；吃驚地
（2）shocked adj. 震驚的；驚訝的
be shocked at/by... 對……吃驚
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃驚
（3）shocking adj. 令人震驚的
[教材P50] People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.人們驚恐萬分——接著，臨近傍晚時(shí)分，又一次強(qiáng)烈的地震撼動(dòng)唐山。
[佳句] You must get used to the new environment to deal with culture shock.
你必須適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境， 以應(yīng)對文化沖擊。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The news ________________（shock） the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.
②The news of his sudden death is so ________________ that everyone is very much ________________ at it.（shock）
③________________（shock） at the unexpected guest and gift, I was at a loss what to say.
④I looked at him ________________ shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑤然而， 當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候， 我們很震驚地看到到處是垃圾。
However, when we reached the top, we________________________________________________________ litter here and there.
地震發(fā)生后不久，軍隊(duì)派出了15萬名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人員并埋葬死者。
trap vt. 使落入險(xiǎn)境； 使陷入圈套 n. 險(xiǎn)境； 陷阱
（1）be trapped under/in... 被困于……
trap sb. into doing sth. 誘騙某人做某事
（2）set a trap 設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套
[教材P50] Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
[佳句] If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.
如果你選擇這條路，你可能會(huì)落入圈套。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①There was a power failure, so they ________________ （trap） in the lift.
②By clever questioning, they trapped him ________________ telling the truth.
[寫美]——句式升級
③When the young man was trapped in the building, he felt very helpless.
→________________________________________________________，the young man felt very helpless.（改為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語）
bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使專心
（1）bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one's face in hands 雙手掩面
（2）
[佳句] She buried her face in hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
當(dāng)她聽到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，她掩面而泣。
[練通]——單句語法填空
④________________ （bury） in his study, he didn't know all the others had left.
⑤Apart from finishing my homework, I'd like to bury ________________ （I） in learning something more about the robot.
[寫美]——句式升級
He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.
→⑥He sat at a wooden table, ________________________ ．（過去分詞短語作狀語）
→⑦He sat at a wooden table, ________________________ ．（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語）
effort n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
spare no effort to do sth. 不遺余力地做某事
make an/every effort to do sth. 盡（全）力做某事
with effort 費(fèi)力地
[教材P50）With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山在廢墟中被建立起來。
[佳句] The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
好消息是它簡單易學(xué)， 值得你付出努力。
[寫美]——一句多譯
我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。
①We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（try）
②We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）
③We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦
（1）suffer from... 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from cold and hunger 忍饑挨凍
（2）suffer losses/pains 遭受損失/痛苦
（3）suffering n. 苦難，痛苦
sufferer n. 受難者
[教材P51] What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？你認(rèn)為遭遇地震的人需要什么樣的幫助？
[佳句] We all will suffer hardship in our life, but we should stick to our dream and work hard to realise it.
人生中， 我們都會(huì)遭受艱難， 但是我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持夢想， 并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢想。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①A lot of money has been collected to help those ________________（suffer） from the floods.
②She received many letters of support from some cancer ________________（suffer）.
③The survivor never talked about his ________________（suffer） in the disaster.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④很明顯，我們的地球正在遭受嚴(yán)重的破壞。
It is obvious that our earth is________________________________________________________________________________．
supply n．供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品 vt.供應(yīng)；供給
（1）in short supply 供應(yīng)短缺/供應(yīng)不足
have a good supply of... 備有許多……
school/medical supplies 學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品
（2） 為某人提供某物
[教材P52] The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的物資是從全國各地收集來的。
[佳句] It is believed that there is a good supply of fresh water.人們認(rèn)為淡水供應(yīng)很充足。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①I'd like to know the reason why the milk is ________________ short supply in this area now.
②We should eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day, which supply rich and necessary vitamins ________________ us.
[寫美]——一句多譯
這本書會(huì)為你提供你所需要的信息。
③The book will ________________________________________________________________________________________________ （that/which） you need.
④The book will ________________________________________________________________________________________________．
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艱難度過
（1）A survive B （by...） A比B活得長……
survive on 依靠……生存下來
survive from 從……存活下來，流傳下來
（2）survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]殘存物
[佳句] He survived the difficulties at the beginning of his life, and finally achieved success through his own efforts.
[教材P52] She's feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.她正在喂那個(gè)從地震中幸存的嬰兒。
他挺過了早期生活中的困難， 最終， 通過自己的努力獲得成功。
[練通]——單句語法填空
① I don't know how you can survive ________________ so little money.
②He died in 1940, but his wife survived him ________________ another 20 years.
③Later all the ________________ （survive）were rescued including Tom's wife.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④有些傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗是從早期遺留下來的。
Some traditional customs ________________________________________________________________________．
去一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離建筑物、樹木或電線的開闊區(qū)域。
power n．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力
（1）come to power 上臺；執(zhí)政（動(dòng)作）
be in power 執(zhí)政；掌權(quán)（狀態(tài)）
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力范圍
do everything in/within one's power to do sth.
盡某人所能做某事
（2）powerful adj. 強(qiáng)有力的
[教材P53] Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
[佳句] As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知，知識就是力量。
[練通]——單句語法填空
① As your closest friend, I will do everything in my power ________________（help） you.
②We use words every day but not all of us realize their________________（power） influence.
[寫美]——一句多譯
他上臺執(zhí)政已經(jīng)5年了。
③It has been five years since he_____________________________________________．
④He _____________________________ for five years.
calm adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
（1）calm down 平靜下來
calm sb. down 使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來
（2）keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜
（3）calmly 冷靜地；平靜地
[教材P53] Stay calm.保持冷靜。
[佳句] The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. 深沉而又溫柔的嗓音使這個(gè)緊張的女孩冷靜下來。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①To solve the problem, parents should learn to calm ________________．
②The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking ________________ （calm） back at me.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜， 盡力拯救我們自己， 并幫助別人。
________________________________________________________________________________________________ and try to save ourselves and help others.
aid n．援助；幫助；救援物資 vi. & vt.幫助；援助
（1）give first aid to sb. 對某人急救
with the aid of... 在……的幫助下
come to one's aid 幫助某人
幫助某人做某事
[佳句] With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to do first aid.
在我們老師的幫助下，我們學(xué)會(huì)了如何進(jìn)行急救。
[練通]——單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①I'd be very grateful if you could aid me________________ my English.
②He is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother________________（clean） the house.
③I couldn't speak French but a kind man________________________（幫助了我）.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④在我的英語老師的幫助下，我這學(xué)期取得了很大的進(jìn)步。
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ， I have made great progress this term.
crash vi.& vt.碰撞；撞擊 n．（汽車的）撞車事故；（飛機(jī)的）失事；撞擊聲；碰撞
（1）crash into/onto________________ 撞到……里/上
（2）with a crash 轟隆一聲
[教材P54] The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday...昨日，40年來最強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯襲擊了亞洲沿海地帶……
[佳句] His car crashed into a tree while he was driving in the snowstorm.
當(dāng)他在暴風(fēng)雪中開車時(shí)， 他的車撞到了樹上。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①She fell heavily and ________________（crash） her head against the side of the boat.
②The tree fell ________________ a great crash all of a sudden.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
據(jù)報(bào)道許多旅客在空難中喪生了。
③It was reported that a lot of passengers _________________________________________．
wave n．海浪；波浪 v．揮手；招手；波動(dòng)；起伏
wave goodbye to sb. 向某人揮手告別
向某人揮手
[教材P54] Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車都被9.0級強(qiáng)震引發(fā)的巨浪卷走了。
[佳句] She refused the offer with a wave of her hand.她擺擺手拒絕了這一提議。
[練通]——單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①The policeman waved the driver ________________ （stop）.
我向他揮手告別，但他不理我。
②I ________________________________________， but he ignored me.
[寫美]——一句多譯
公共汽車開走時(shí)，他向我們揮了揮手。
③He ____________________________________________as the bus drove off.（wave v．）
④He ____________________________________________as the bus drove off.（wave n．）
strike vi.& vt.（struck；struck/stricken）侵襲；突擊；擊打；打；撞（擊）；罷工；突然想到；打動(dòng)，迷住；敲（鐘） n．罷工；罷課；襲擊
（1）It strikes/struck sb. that... 某人突然想到……
be struck by 被……打動(dòng)/迷住了
strike sb. ＋介詞＋the＋身體部位
打某人的某處
（2）be on strike 在罷工
go on strike 舉行罷工
[教材P54）The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island.這場海底地震發(fā)生在周日早上7點(diǎn)鐘左右，地點(diǎn)在印度尼西亞蘇門答臘島西海岸。
[佳句] I was deeply struck by the natural beauty of the Three Gorges.
我被三峽的自然美景深深打動(dòng)了。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The boy fell, ________________（strike）his head on the edge of the table.（撞）
②A terrible earthquake________________（strike） the northern part of Peru on May 26, 2019.（侵襲）
③I'm sorry to learn from the Internet that your hometown ________________ （strike） by the tornado yesterday.
④Fortunately, a stone struck him on ________________ back, but didn't cause much injury to him.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑤我突然想到，我應(yīng)該拜訪我的老師。
________________________________________________________________________________ I should pay a visit to my teacher.
句型公式：be doing sth. when...正在做某事，這時(shí)……
when在句中是并列連詞，表示“正在那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，常用句型還有：
be about to do...when... 正要做……，這時(shí)（突然）……
had just done...when... 剛做過……，這時(shí)（突然）……
[教材P54] I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
當(dāng)時(shí)，我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早餐，海水開始灌入我的家里。
[佳句] One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him.有一天早晨， 他正沿著街道散步， 突然一個(gè)陌生人攔住了他。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The young man ________________ （deliver）those goods when it began to rain.
②The teenager was about to go to school ________________ he heard someone crying for help.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③我剛從廚房出來，就有人敲門。
I________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ someone knocked at the door.
句型公式：make＋it＋adj./n.（賓補(bǔ)）＋to do/that從句
（1）在“make＋it＋adj./n.（賓補(bǔ)）＋（for sb.＋）to do sth./that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式或that從句；
（2）可用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有think, believe, find, consider, feel等。
[教材P54] However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，險(xiǎn)惡的條件和受損的道路將使運(yùn)送食品和物資變得困難。
[佳句] The sun gives off light and heat, which makes it possible for plants to grow.
太陽發(fā)出光和熱，這使得植物生長成為可能。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①To make it easy ________________ （get） in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.
②The new medicine makes________________ possible to treat this terrible disease.
[寫美]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③You will find that it is very nice to take a walk in the early morning.
→You will________________________ in the early morning.
deliver vt.& vi.遞送；傳達(dá) vt.發(fā)表（演說等）；接生
（1）deliver a speech 發(fā)表演講/致辭
deliver a baby 接生
（2）delivery n. 投遞；送貨； 分娩，生孩子
express delivery 快遞
[佳句] The organization made every effort to deliver the medicines to the disaster area in time. 該組織盡一切努力及時(shí)將藥品送到災(zāi)區(qū)。
[練通]——單句語法填空
④The express company will get all these goods ________________ （deliver） to the customers today.
⑤It's a common sight to see food ________________（deliver） workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑥大家早上好， 我很榮幸在這里發(fā)表演講與你們分享我的夢想。
Good morning, everyone，________________________________________ here sharing my dream with you.
effect n．影響；結(jié)果；效果
（1）have an effect on/upon 對……產(chǎn)生影響
come into effect 生效
（2）effective adj. 有效的；有影響的
effectively adv. 有效地；實(shí)際上
[佳句] The new traffic law will come into effect next month, which will have a great effect on our life. 新的交通規(guī)則將于下個(gè)月實(shí)施， 這將對我們的生活有巨大的影響。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect________________ the children.
②Many poor families have got ________________ （effect） help from local government and have improved their life greatly.
[寫美]——詞匯升級
③Smoking is bad for your health, so you'd better give it up.
→Smoking________________________________ your health, so you'd better give it up.
參考答案
①from ②was rescued ③came to our rescue
①do/cause damage to our health ②damage our health
①vt. 深深打動(dòng) ②vt.(疾病) 侵襲 ③vt .(疾病) 侵襲 ④have a great effect on your health
①from ②from ③to take shelter from the sun
①to settle ②too ③I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.
①were ②had been ③would say ④It seemed as if
①ruins ②yourself ③The whole city lay in ruins
①shocked ②shocking shocked ③Shocked ④in
⑤were shocked to see
①were trapped ②into ③Trapped in the building
④Buried ⑤myself ⑥buried in reading ⑦burying himself in reading
①try our best to help ②make every/an effort to help ③spare no efforts to help
①suffering ②sufferers ③suffering(s) ④suffering serious damage
①in ②to ③supply you with the information ④supply the information (that/which) you need to you
①on ②by ③survivors ④have survived from earlier times
①to help ②powerful ③came into power ④has been in power
①down ②calmly ③We should keep calm
①with ②to clean ③came to my aid ④With the aid/help of my English teacher
①crashed ②with ③were killed in the air crash
①to stop ②waved goodbye to him ③waved to/at us ④gave us a wave
①striking ②struck ③was struck ④the ⑤It suddenly struck/hit me that
①was delivering ②when ③had just come out of the kitchen when
①to get ②it ③find it very nice to take a walk ④delivered ⑤delivery ⑥I feel honored to deliver a speech
①on/upon ②effective ③has a bad effect on
第三節(jié) 應(yīng)用與提升
1. 分類默寫 精準(zhǔn)記憶
閱讀詞匯學(xué)其意
disaster n. ______________________
drought n. ______________________
slide vi. & vt. ______________________
shelter n. ____________________ vt. ____________________vi. ___________________
context n. ______________________volcano n. ______________________
erupt vi. & vt. ______________________
typhoon n. ______________________
hurricane n. ______________________
tap vi. & vt. ______________________n. ______________________
whistle vi. ______________________vt. ________________n. ______________________
emergency n. ____________
高頻詞匯知其形
_____________ n. & vt. 營救；救援
_____________ vt. 損害；破壞 n. 損壞；損失
_____________ vt. 摧毀；毀滅
_____________ vt. 影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
_____________ n. 電；電能
_____________ vt. 埋葬；安葬
_____________ n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
_____________ n. 智慧；才智
_____________ n. [ pl. ] 補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給 vt. 供應(yīng)；供給
_____________ adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
_____________ vt. & vi. 打掃；清掃
_____________ vi. & vt. 侵襲；突擊；擊打 n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
_____________ vt. & vi. 遞送；傳達(dá) vt. 發(fā)表
_____________ n. 總結(jié)；概括；概要
_____________ n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果
拓展詞匯通變化
survive vi. 生存 存活 vt. 幸存；艱難度過→_____________ n. 幸存者；生還者→_____________ n. 幸存
death n. 死；死亡→_____________ adj. 無生命的
shock n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt. (使)震驚→_____________ adj. 令人震驚的→_____________ adj. 感到震驚的
breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→_____________ n. 呼吸；(空氣的)微微流動(dòng)→_____________ adj. 氣喘吁吁的；屏息的
revive vt. & vi. 復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→_____________ n. 振興；復(fù)蘇
unify vi. & vt. 統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體→_____________ vi. & vt. 團(tuán)結(jié)
suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→_____________ n. 折磨；苦難
erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出；突然發(fā)生→_____________ n. 火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)
power n. 力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→_____________ adj. 強(qiáng)大的；有力的→_____________ adj. 無力的；沒有能力的
effect n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果→_____________ adj. 有效果的
length n. 長；長度→_____________ adj. 長的
4. 高頻詞塊明搭配
______________________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
______________________ 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
______________________ 震驚；吃驚
______________________ 露天；在戶外
______________________ 急救箱
______________________ 消滅；徹底消除
______________________ 現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)
______________________建立
______________________ 火山噴發(fā)
閱讀詞匯學(xué)其意
disaster n. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害
drought n. 旱災(zāi)；久旱
slide vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑動(dòng)
shelter n. 避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt. 保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi. 躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))
context n. 上下文；語境；背景
volcano n. 火山
erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出
typhoon n. 臺風(fēng)
hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)
tap vi. & vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍 n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
whistle vi. 吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲
emergency n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況
高頻詞匯知其形
rescue n. & vt. 營救；救援
damage vt. 損害；破壞 n. 損壞；損失
destroy vt. 摧毀；毀滅
affect vt. 影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
electricity n. 電；電能
bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
effort n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
wisdom n. 智慧；才智
supply n. [ pl. ] 補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給 vt. 供應(yīng)；供給
calm adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
sweep vt. & vi. 打掃；清掃
strike vi. & vt. 侵襲；突擊；擊打 n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
deliver vt. & vi. 遞送；傳達(dá) vt. 發(fā)表
summary n. 總結(jié)；概括；概要
effect n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果
拓展詞匯通變化
survive vi. 生存 存活 vt. 幸存；艱難度過→survivor n. 幸存者；生還者→survival n. 幸存
death n. 死；死亡→dead adj. 無生命的
shock n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt. (使)震驚→shocking adj. 令人震驚的→shocked adj. 感到震驚的
breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸；(空氣的)微微流動(dòng)→breathless adj. 氣喘吁吁的；屏息的
revive vt. & vi. 復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→revival n. 振興；復(fù)蘇
unify vi. & vt. 統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體→unite vi. & vt. 團(tuán)結(jié)
suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→suffering n. 折磨；苦難
erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出；突然發(fā)生→eruption n. 火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)
power n. 力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj. 強(qiáng)大的；有力的→powerless adj. 無力的；沒有能力的
effect n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果→effective adj. 有效果的
length n. 長；長度→long adj. 長的
高頻詞塊明搭配
as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
in ruins 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
in shock 震驚；吃驚
in the open air 露天；在戶外
first aid kit 急救箱
sweep away 消滅；徹底消除
on hand 現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)
set up 建立
volcanic eruption 火山噴發(fā)
語境實(shí)戰(zhàn) 翻譯提升
詞匯語法實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)
Ⅰ. 品句填詞
Too much drinking will do __________ (損壞) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.
I badly need this job. To tell you the truth, it would be a __________ (災(zāi)難) for me if I lost it.
More __________ (避難所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities.
Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of the __________ (旱災(zāi)) and poor harvests.
There the children can swing and __________ (滑行) and go round and round for hours.
In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after __________ (死亡) .
A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the __________ (洪水) .
The air in the room was so stuffy and smelly that I could hardly __________ (呼吸) .
Don't leave the lights on. It wastes __________ (電) .
Thanks to his __________ (努力) and devotion, the party turned out to be a great success.
A stone hit the window and __________ (打碎) the glass.
In this exercise, a word is blanked out and you have to guess what it is by looking at the __________ (上下文) .
Although the economy of the country has more or less __________ (復(fù)蘇) , it still remains weak.
10. People collected many __________ (補(bǔ)給品) and sent them to the disaster area.
Whenever she goes out with her baby, she always takes a large __________ (補(bǔ)品) of baby food with her.
A volcanic __________ (噴發(fā)) buried everything in its path.
The baby was born with a heart problem and only __________ (存活) for a few hours.
The company has made no move to settle the _______ (罷工) .
Pilots were trying to repair a fault in the plane when it __________ (碰撞) .
I didn't have time to read the book, so I just read a __________ (概要) on the Internet.
II. 拓展研習(xí)
1. These old people have experienced all kinds of ______ (suffer) in their difficult times.
2. They treat me as if I ________(be) a stranger.
3. _______________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
4. I’m ____________(shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
5. It rained for two weeks on end, completely _______ (ruin) our holiday.
6. Around 540 million people _________ (affect) by second hand smoke, which causes 100，000 deaths per year.
7. _______ (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened.
8. Though ________ (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didn’t lose the courage to go on with his business.
9. The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely ________ (destroy).
10. When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was ______ nervous to say a word.
11. To help students deal with their mental problems, we will hold a lecture ________ (deliver) by a professor from the UK.
12. What’s more，it is another _________ (effect) way to deal with the problem.
13. They felt it difficult _________ (finish) the work in such a short time.
14. Today the number of people learning English in China _______ (increase) rapidly.
15. A wonderful idea ______________ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.
16. The dustman _________ (sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.
17. The ________ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.
18. I __________ (have) a discussion with my friend about how to improve my English when my mother called me.
19. It was reported that as many _________ 157 people died at the air crash.
20. Several hours later, the little boy was rescued ________ the aid of the police.
III. 單句寫作
她突然想到忘記鎖門了。(trick)
_______ _______ _______ _______ she forgot to lock the door.
雨下了兩天，引起了河水上漲。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語做結(jié)果狀語)
It has rained for two days, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我們正在給會(huì)議做一個(gè)總結(jié)，這時(shí)突然停電了。(be doing ...... when ......)
We ________ ________ a summary of the meeting ________ there was a power failure.
一架小型飛機(jī)在該市以東5英里的山坡上墜毀，機(jī)上人員全部遇難。
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,________ all the people on board.
看到那個(gè)明星，她太興奮了，一句話也說不出來。 (too…to…)
Seeing the famous star, she was______ ______ ______ ______.
烏云密布，看上去要下雨了。 (It looks as if…)
Dark clouds are gathering. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ rain .
每到一個(gè)地方，他都會(huì)給自己寄一張明信片。 (everywhere引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)
_______ he goes, he ________ ________ ________ ________.
我喜歡早晨鍛煉，因?yàn)榭諝夂粑饋砗苄迈r。 (sth. is＋adj.＋to do)
I like to work out in the morning, because the air is________ ________ ________ ________.
他們一起走了，留下我一個(gè)人坐在那里。 (leave＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))
They went off together and _______ ________ ________ there alone.
然而，一些課文有太多的新單詞和短語，這對我們來說是一個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)。(which 引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句)
However, some of the texts have too many new words and expressions, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
語法填空
I. 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. 1. __________ (smell) gas came out from the cracks of wells and animals became too nervous 2. __________ (eat). At 3∶42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. It seemed as 3. __________ the world were coming to an end！Soon the whole city lay 4. __________ ruins and more than 400,000 people were killed or badly injured in the quake and nearly everything in the city 5. __________ (destroy). People were 6. __________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. Soldiers were sent to dig out those who were trapped and to bury 7. __________ dead. Workers built shelters for 8. __________ (survive). With strong support from the government and the tireless 9. __________ (effort) of the city’s people, everything improved and the city began to 10. __________ (breath) again.
II. 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Mountain climbing is a sport different from rock climbing. Mountain climbing equipment therefore differs 1. ____________ rock climbing equipment sometimes, 2. ____________ the two sports do have many pieces of equipment in common.
Perhaps 3. ____________ most common piece of mountain climbing equipment is the carabiner, 4. ____________ is a metal hook(掛鉤) with a gate that opens and closes to make a rope through it. This piece of equipment is used for a variety of purposes, and most 5. ____________(climber) have several carabiners on hand during a climb.
Mountain climbers also 6. ____________(usual) use a tool called an ice axe(冰鎬). This tool is used for different purposes according to 7. ____________(it) design: some ice axes are designed for climbing pieces of ice, and they are used together with another piece of mountain climbing equipment 8._________(know) as crampons. Crampons have sharp metal teeth that 9.__________ (connect) with the climber’s shoes. The ice axes used for climbing often feature a bend in the handle, and people often choose the ice axe that 10. ____________(be) narrow and strong enough to be plunged (穿入) into hard ice repeatedly. The teeth of the crampon are also narrow and quite hard for the same purposes.
參考答案
Ⅰ. 品句填詞
damage 2. disaster 3. shelters 4. drought 5. slide 6. death
7. flood 8. breathe 9. electricity 10. effort (s) 11. cracked 12. context
13. revived 14. supplies 15. supply 16. eruption 17. survived 18. strike
19. crashed 20. summary
II. 拓展研習(xí)
sufferings 2. were 3. Trapped 4. shocked 5. ruining 6. are affected
7. Buried 8. suffering 9. destroyed 10. too 11. delivered 12. effective
to finish 14. is increasing 15. struck 16. swept 17. length 18. was having
19. a 20. with
III. 單句寫作
It struck her that
causing the river to rise
were making, when
killing
too excited to speak
It looks as if it is going to
Everywhere, sends himself a postcard
so fresh to breathe
left me sitting
which is a big challenge to us
語法填空
Ⅰ. 1. Smelly 2. to eat 3. if 4. in 5. was destroyed 6. shocked 7. the 8. survivors 9. efforts 10. breathe
II. 1. from 2. though/although 3. the 4. which 5. climbers 6. usually 7. its 8. known 9. are connected 10. isUnit 1超前集中 詞匯篇
2019人教版高考英語必修第一冊
英語24字整體教學(xué)講義
目 錄
第一節(jié) 認(rèn)識與記憶
逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀
第二節(jié) 透析與拓展
重點(diǎn)精講 例析拓展
第三節(jié) 應(yīng)用與提升
1. 分類默寫 精準(zhǔn)記憶
2. 語境實(shí)戰(zhàn) 翻譯提升
第一節(jié) 認(rèn)識與記憶
逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀
（“逐詞認(rèn)讀，一目四項(xiàng)，瘋狂誦讀”是一種有效的高中英語詞匯記憶策略。在詞匯學(xué)習(xí)過程中，我們提出“一目四項(xiàng)”的策略，即每次學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，我們專注于四個(gè)方面：單詞拼寫、音標(biāo)、基本詞義及詞性。這種方法能幫助學(xué)習(xí)者全面地把握一個(gè)單詞的各個(gè)方面，提高詞匯記憶的效率和準(zhǔn)確性。通過瘋狂誦讀，強(qiáng)化記憶）
單元詞匯
disaster /d zɑ st (r)/ n. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害
tornado /t ne d / n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)
drought /dra t/ n. 旱災(zāi)；久旱
landslide / l ndsla d/ n. (landfall) （山地或懸崖的）崩塌；滑坡
slide /sla d/ vi. & vt. （使）滑行；滑動(dòng)
tsunami /tsu nɑ mi/ n. 海嘯
flood /fl d/ n. 洪水；大量 vi 淹沒；大量涌入 vt. 使灌滿水；淹沒
volcanic eruption /v l k n k 'r p n/ 火山噴發(fā)
magnitude / m gn tju d/ n. （地）震級；重大
rescue / reskju / n. & vt. 營救；救援
damage / d m d / vt. 損害；破壞 n. 損壞；損失
destroy /d str / vt. 摧毀；毀滅
evacuate / v kjue t/ vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤離
helicopter / hel k pt (r)/ n. 直升機(jī)
death /deθ/ n. 死；死亡
affect / fekt/ vt. 影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
shelter / elt (r)/ n. 避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt. 保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）
crack /kr k/ n. 裂紋；裂縫 vi. & vt. 使破裂
as if / z f/ 似乎；好像；仿佛
ruin / ru n/ n. & vt. 破壞；毀壞
in ruins / n 'ru nz/ 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
percent /p 'sent/ n. 百分之... adj. & adv. 每一百中
brick /br k/ n. 磚；磚塊
metal / metl/ n. 金屬
shock / k/ n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt. (使)震驚；
in shock / n k/ 震驚；吃驚
electricity / lek tr s ti/ n. 電；電能
trap /tr p/ vt. 使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套 n. 險(xiǎn)境；陷阱
bury / beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
breathe /bri / vi. & vt. 呼吸
revive /r va v/ vi. & vt. 復(fù)活；（使）蘇醒
revival /r va vl/ n. 振興；復(fù)蘇
effort / ef t/ n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
unify / ju n fa / vi. & vt. 統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體
wisdom / w zd m/ n. 智慧；才智
context / k ntekst/ n. 上下文；語境；背景
suffer /s f / vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦
volcano /v l ke n / n. (pl .-oes or -os) 火山
erupt / r pt/ vi. & vt. （火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出
supply /s pla / n. 供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.] 補(bǔ)給品 vt. 供應(yīng)；供給
typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 臺風(fēng)
in the open air / n p n e (r)/ 露天；在戶外
hurricane / h r k n/ n. （尤指西大西洋的）颶風(fēng)
survive /s va v/ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艱難度過
power / pa (r)/ n. 電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力
tap /t p/ vi. & vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍 n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
pipe /pa p/ n. 管子；管道
whistle / w sl/ vi. 吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲
emergency /i m d nsi/ n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況
calm /kɑ m/ adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜
aid /e d/ n. 援助；幫助；救援物資 vi. & vt. (formal) 幫助；援助
kit /k t/ n. 成套工具；成套設(shè)備
first aid kit /f st e d k t/ 急救箱
on hand / n h nd/ 現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）
crash /kr / vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞擊 n. 撞車；碰撞
sweep /swi p/ vt. & vi. (swept, swept) 打掃；清掃
sweep away /swi p we / 消滅；徹底消除
wave /we v/ n. 海浪；波浪 vi. & vt. 揮手；招手
strike /stra k/ vi. & vt. ( struck, struck/stricken ) 侵襲；突擊；擊打 n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
deliver /d l v (r)/ vi. & vt. 傳遞；傳達(dá) vt. 發(fā)表
summary / s m ri/ n. 總結(jié)；概括；概要
effect / fekt/ n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果
length /le θ/ n. 長；長度
Ecuador /'ekw d (r)/ 厄瓜多爾（國家名）
Memphis / memfis/ 孟菲斯（美國城市）
Alberta / l'b t / 艾伯塔省（加拿大省份）
Colombo /k l mb u/ 科倫坡（斯里蘭卡首都）
Sri Lanka /sri lɑ k / 斯里蘭卡（國家名）
Indonesia / nd 'ni zj / 印度尼西亞（國家名）
Thailand /'ta l nd/ 泰國（國家名）
Malaysia /m 'le / 馬來西亞（國家名）
Sumatra Island /s mɑ tr a l nd/ 蘇門答臘島
Chandra Theeravit 錢德拉·特拉維
輔音字母組合的讀音（1）
輔字組 讀 音 例 詞
b [b] bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
C c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [[]] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[] machine Chicago
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge []] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
G g在e i/y前 [] bag gardon go
[] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -gue gu在非重讀音節(jié)中 [] guess league dialogue
[w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[] uncle thank hungry
-ng [] morning young wrong
第二節(jié) 透析與拓展
重點(diǎn)精講 例析拓展
rescue n．& vt.營救；救援
（1）come to one's rescue 來援救某人
a rescue team 救援隊(duì)
rescue workers 救援人員
（2）rescue...from... 把……從……營救出來
[教材P48] What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood hit area
救援人員和戰(zhàn)士正在洪災(zāi)地區(qū)做什么？
[佳句] Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟下面。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The firefighters rescued five children ________________ the burning house yesterday.
②It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber ________________（rescue）.
[寫美]——詞匯升級
③When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers saved us.
→When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers________________________________．
damage vt.損害；破壞 n．損壞；損失
（1）damage one's health 損害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to... 對……造成損害
pay the damage 賠償損失
[教材P48] Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
首爾的哪些建筑被毀？
[佳句] It is you rather than he that are responsible for the accident.As a result, I insist on your paying for the damage.
是你而不是他對這次事故負(fù)責(zé)。 因此， 我堅(jiān)持要你賠償損失。
[寫美]——一句多譯
眾所周知，抽煙會(huì)損害我們的健康。
①As we all know, smoking can______________________________________．（damage n．）
②It is well known that smoking can __________________________________．（damage vt.）
affect vt.影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
（1） affect sb./sth. 影響某人/某事
be （deeply） affected by 被（深深）打動(dòng)了
（2） effect n. 作用；影響
have an effect on... 對……產(chǎn)生影響
[教材P49] 82 killed, 500，000 affected
82人喪生，50萬人受影響
[佳句] According to research, using a mobile phone before going to bed can affect your health.
根據(jù)研究， 睡前使用手機(jī)會(huì)影響你的健康。
[練通]——寫出下列句中affect的含義
① Affected by the moving story, he burst into tears.________________________
② Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.________________________
③The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.________________________
[寫美]——詞匯轉(zhuǎn)換
④In my opinion, staying up late every day is certain to affect your health greatly.
→In my view, staying up late every day is certain to________________________________________________________．
shelter n．避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi.躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）
（1）take shelter from... 躲避……
（2）shelter...from... 保護(hù)/遮蔽……不/免受……的傷害
shelter from... 躲避……
[教材P49] Shelters set up by the government
政府建立的庇護(hù)所
[佳句] After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter.
可怕的地震過后，無家可歸的人不僅需要食物和水，還需要合適的住所。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①Trees were planted to shelter this area ________________ strong sand storms.
②It is very dangerous to take shelter ________________ rain under a tree especially during a summer rainstorm.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③太熱了，我們最好找棵大樹來遮陽。
It's too hot, so we'd better find a tree_____________________________________________．
句型公式：too＋adj.＋to...太……而不能……
（1）“too＋adj./adv.（for sb.） to do sth.”意為“太……而不能做某事”， 表示否定意義；
（2）“too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious to do sth.” 表示肯定意義。
[教材P50] Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.雞甚至豬都焦慮不安，不想進(jìn)食；狗拒絕進(jìn)入建筑物內(nèi)。
[佳句] I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我總是很忙，沒時(shí)間和她交談。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The problem is too difficult for me ________________ （settle）.
②I am ________________ pleased to help you with your homework.
[寫美]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
句型公式：as if＝as though “仿佛；好像”，可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句
“It seemed （to sb.） as if...”意為“（對某人來說）似乎……”。as if也可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。
（1）as if從句用陳述語氣：
從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的。
（2）as if從句用虛擬語氣：
①從句用一般過去時(shí)（與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）；
②從句用過去完成時(shí)（與過去的事實(shí)相反）；
③從句用would/could/might do形式（與將來的事實(shí)相反）
[教材P50] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
[佳句] It seems as if everything is back to life.
似乎一切都恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①He talks to them as if they________________（be） children.
②He talks about Rome as if he________________（be） there before.
③ He opened his mouth as if he ________________ （say）something.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④看起來似乎他并不在乎身邊的一切。
________________________________________________________________________________ he didn't care about everything around him.
ruin n．& vt.破壞；毀壞
（1）be/lie in ruins 成為廢墟；毀滅
fall into ruin 成為廢墟；破敗不堪
（2）ruin one's hope/future/health
毀掉某人的希望/將來/健康
ruin oneself 自我毀滅
[教材P50] In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，一座巨大的城市淪為廢墟。
[佳句] Having gone through two world wars, the castle has fallen into ruin.
經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)，那座城堡已經(jīng)破敗不堪了。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①Heavy smoking ________________（ruin） your health, so you should give up smoking.
②If you don't give up the computer games, you'll ruin ________________（you）.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們徹夜難眠。
________________________________________________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
shock n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt.（使）震驚
（1） a great shock to sb. 對某人來說是極大的震驚
in shock 震驚地；吃驚地
（2）shocked adj. 震驚的；驚訝的
be shocked at/by... 對……吃驚
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃驚
（3）shocking adj. 令人震驚的
[教材P50] People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.人們驚恐萬分——接著，臨近傍晚時(shí)分，又一次強(qiáng)烈的地震撼動(dòng)唐山。
[佳句] You must get used to the new environment to deal with culture shock.
你必須適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境， 以應(yīng)對文化沖擊。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The news ________________（shock） the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.
②The news of his sudden death is so ________________ that everyone is very much ________________ at it.（shock）
③________________（shock） at the unexpected guest and gift, I was at a loss what to say.
④I looked at him ________________ shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑤然而， 當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候， 我們很震驚地看到到處是垃圾。
However, when we reached the top, we________________________________________________________ litter here and there.
地震發(fā)生后不久，軍隊(duì)派出了15萬名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人員并埋葬死者。
trap vt. 使落入險(xiǎn)境； 使陷入圈套 n. 險(xiǎn)境； 陷阱
（1）be trapped under/in... 被困于……
trap sb. into doing sth. 誘騙某人做某事
（2）set a trap 設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套
[教材P50] Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
[佳句] If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.
如果你選擇這條路，你可能會(huì)落入圈套。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①There was a power failure, so they ________________ （trap） in the lift.
②By clever questioning, they trapped him ________________ telling the truth.
[寫美]——句式升級
③When the young man was trapped in the building, he felt very helpless.
→________________________________________________________，the young man felt very helpless.（改為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語）
bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使專心
（1）bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one's face in hands 雙手掩面
（2）
[佳句] She buried her face in hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
當(dāng)她聽到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，她掩面而泣。
[練通]——單句語法填空
④________________ （bury） in his study, he didn't know all the others had left.
⑤Apart from finishing my homework, I'd like to bury ________________ （I） in learning something more about the robot.
[寫美]——句式升級
He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.
→⑥He sat at a wooden table, ________________________ ．（過去分詞短語作狀語）
→⑦He sat at a wooden table, ________________________ ．（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語）
effort n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
spare no effort to do sth. 不遺余力地做某事
make an/every effort to do sth. 盡（全）力做某事
with effort 費(fèi)力地
[教材P50）With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山在廢墟中被建立起來。
[佳句] The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
好消息是它簡單易學(xué)， 值得你付出努力。
[寫美]——一句多譯
我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。
①We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（try）
②We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）
③We'll ________________________________ you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦
（1）suffer from... 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from cold and hunger 忍饑挨凍
（2）suffer losses/pains 遭受損失/痛苦
（3）suffering n. 苦難，痛苦
sufferer n. 受難者
[教材P51] What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？你認(rèn)為遭遇地震的人需要什么樣的幫助？
[佳句] We all will suffer hardship in our life, but we should stick to our dream and work hard to realise it.
人生中， 我們都會(huì)遭受艱難， 但是我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持夢想， 并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢想。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①A lot of money has been collected to help those ________________（suffer） from the floods.
②She received many letters of support from some cancer ________________（suffer）.
③The survivor never talked about his ________________（suffer） in the disaster.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④很明顯，我們的地球正在遭受嚴(yán)重的破壞。
It is obvious that our earth is________________________________________________________________________________．
supply n．供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品 vt.供應(yīng)；供給
（1）in short supply 供應(yīng)短缺/供應(yīng)不足
have a good supply of... 備有許多……
school/medical supplies 學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品
（2） 為某人提供某物
[教材P52] The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的物資是從全國各地收集來的。
[佳句] It is believed that there is a good supply of fresh water.人們認(rèn)為淡水供應(yīng)很充足。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①I'd like to know the reason why the milk is ________________ short supply in this area now.
②We should eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day, which supply rich and necessary vitamins ________________ us.
[寫美]——一句多譯
這本書會(huì)為你提供你所需要的信息。
③The book will ________________________________________________________________________________________________ （that/which） you need.
④The book will ________________________________________________________________________________________________．
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艱難度過
（1）A survive B （by...） A比B活得長……
survive on 依靠……生存下來
survive from 從……存活下來，流傳下來
（2）survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]殘存物
[佳句] He survived the difficulties at the beginning of his life, and finally achieved success through his own efforts.
[教材P52] She's feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.她正在喂那個(gè)從地震中幸存的嬰兒。
他挺過了早期生活中的困難， 最終， 通過自己的努力獲得成功。
[練通]——單句語法填空
① I don't know how you can survive ________________ so little money.
②He died in 1940, but his wife survived him ________________ another 20 years.
③Later all the ________________ （survive）were rescued including Tom's wife.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④有些傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗是從早期遺留下來的。
Some traditional customs ________________________________________________________________________．
去一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離建筑物、樹木或電線的開闊區(qū)域。
power n．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力
（1）come to power 上臺；執(zhí)政（動(dòng)作）
be in power 執(zhí)政；掌權(quán)（狀態(tài)）
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力范圍
do everything in/within one's power to do sth.
盡某人所能做某事
（2）powerful adj. 強(qiáng)有力的
[教材P53] Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
[佳句] As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知，知識就是力量。
[練通]——單句語法填空
① As your closest friend, I will do everything in my power ________________（help） you.
②We use words every day but not all of us realize their________________（power） influence.
[寫美]——一句多譯
他上臺執(zhí)政已經(jīng)5年了。
③It has been five years since he_____________________________________________．
④He _____________________________ for five years.
calm adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
（1）calm down 平靜下來
calm sb. down 使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來
（2）keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜
（3）calmly 冷靜地；平靜地
[教材P53] Stay calm.保持冷靜。
[佳句] The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. 深沉而又溫柔的嗓音使這個(gè)緊張的女孩冷靜下來。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①To solve the problem, parents should learn to calm ________________．
②The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking ________________ （calm） back at me.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜， 盡力拯救我們自己， 并幫助別人。
________________________________________________________________________________________________ and try to save ourselves and help others.
aid n．援助；幫助；救援物資 vi. & vt.幫助；援助
（1）give first aid to sb. 對某人急救
with the aid of... 在……的幫助下
come to one's aid 幫助某人
幫助某人做某事
[佳句] With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to do first aid.
在我們老師的幫助下，我們學(xué)會(huì)了如何進(jìn)行急救。
[練通]——單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①I'd be very grateful if you could aid me________________ my English.
②He is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother________________（clean） the house.
③I couldn't speak French but a kind man________________________（幫助了我）.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
④在我的英語老師的幫助下，我這學(xué)期取得了很大的進(jìn)步。
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ， I have made great progress this term.
crash vi.& vt.碰撞；撞擊 n．（汽車的）撞車事故；（飛機(jī)的）失事；撞擊聲；碰撞
（1）crash into/onto________________ 撞到……里/上
（2）with a crash 轟隆一聲
[教材P54] The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday...昨日，40年來最強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯襲擊了亞洲沿海地帶……
[佳句] His car crashed into a tree while he was driving in the snowstorm.
當(dāng)他在暴風(fēng)雪中開車時(shí)， 他的車撞到了樹上。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①She fell heavily and ________________（crash） her head against the side of the boat.
②The tree fell ________________ a great crash all of a sudden.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
據(jù)報(bào)道許多旅客在空難中喪生了。
③It was reported that a lot of passengers _________________________________________．
wave n．海浪；波浪 v．揮手；招手；波動(dòng)；起伏
wave goodbye to sb. 向某人揮手告別
向某人揮手
[教材P54] Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車都被9.0級強(qiáng)震引發(fā)的巨浪卷走了。
[佳句] She refused the offer with a wave of her hand.她擺擺手拒絕了這一提議。
[練通]——單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①The policeman waved the driver ________________ （stop）.
我向他揮手告別，但他不理我。
②I ________________________________________， but he ignored me.
[寫美]——一句多譯
公共汽車開走時(shí)，他向我們揮了揮手。
③He ____________________________________________as the bus drove off.（wave v．）
④He ____________________________________________as the bus drove off.（wave n．）
strike vi.& vt.（struck；struck/stricken）侵襲；突擊；擊打；打；撞（擊）；罷工；突然想到；打動(dòng)，迷住；敲（鐘） n．罷工；罷課；襲擊
（1）It strikes/struck sb. that... 某人突然想到……
be struck by 被……打動(dòng)/迷住了
strike sb. ＋介詞＋the＋身體部位
打某人的某處
（2）be on strike 在罷工
go on strike 舉行罷工
[教材P54）The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island.這場海底地震發(fā)生在周日早上7點(diǎn)鐘左右，地點(diǎn)在印度尼西亞蘇門答臘島西海岸。
[佳句] I was deeply struck by the natural beauty of the Three Gorges.
我被三峽的自然美景深深打動(dòng)了。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The boy fell, ________________（strike）his head on the edge of the table.（撞）
②A terrible earthquake________________（strike） the northern part of Peru on May 26, 2019.（侵襲）
③I'm sorry to learn from the Internet that your hometown ________________ （strike） by the tornado yesterday.
④Fortunately, a stone struck him on ________________ back, but didn't cause much injury to him.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑤我突然想到，我應(yīng)該拜訪我的老師。
________________________________________________________________________________ I should pay a visit to my teacher.
句型公式：be doing sth. when...正在做某事，這時(shí)……
when在句中是并列連詞，表示“正在那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，常用句型還有：
be about to do...when... 正要做……，這時(shí)（突然）……
had just done...when... 剛做過……，這時(shí)（突然）……
[教材P54] I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
當(dāng)時(shí)，我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早餐，海水開始灌入我的家里。
[佳句] One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him.有一天早晨， 他正沿著街道散步， 突然一個(gè)陌生人攔住了他。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①The young man ________________ （deliver）those goods when it began to rain.
②The teenager was about to go to school ________________ he heard someone crying for help.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
③我剛從廚房出來，就有人敲門。
I________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ someone knocked at the door.
句型公式：make＋it＋adj./n.（賓補(bǔ)）＋to do/that從句
（1）在“make＋it＋adj./n.（賓補(bǔ)）＋（for sb.＋）to do sth./that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式或that從句；
（2）可用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有think, believe, find, consider, feel等。
[教材P54] However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，險(xiǎn)惡的條件和受損的道路將使運(yùn)送食品和物資變得困難。
[佳句] The sun gives off light and heat, which makes it possible for plants to grow.
太陽發(fā)出光和熱，這使得植物生長成為可能。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①To make it easy ________________ （get） in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.
②The new medicine makes________________ possible to treat this terrible disease.
[寫美]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③You will find that it is very nice to take a walk in the early morning.
→You will________________________ in the early morning.
deliver vt.& vi.遞送；傳達(dá) vt.發(fā)表（演說等）；接生
（1）deliver a speech 發(fā)表演講/致辭
deliver a baby 接生
（2）delivery n. 投遞；送貨； 分娩，生孩子
express delivery 快遞
[佳句] The organization made every effort to deliver the medicines to the disaster area in time. 該組織盡一切努力及時(shí)將藥品送到災(zāi)區(qū)。
[練通]——單句語法填空
④The express company will get all these goods ________________ （deliver） to the customers today.
⑤It's a common sight to see food ________________（deliver） workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China.
[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句
⑥大家早上好， 我很榮幸在這里發(fā)表演講與你們分享我的夢想。
Good morning, everyone，________________________________________ here sharing my dream with you.
effect n．影響；結(jié)果；效果
（1）have an effect on/upon 對……產(chǎn)生影響
come into effect 生效
（2）effective adj. 有效的；有影響的
effectively adv. 有效地；實(shí)際上
[佳句] The new traffic law will come into effect next month, which will have a great effect on our life. 新的交通規(guī)則將于下個(gè)月實(shí)施， 這將對我們的生活有巨大的影響。
[練通]——單句語法填空
①There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect________________ the children.
②Many poor families have got ________________ （effect） help from local government and have improved their life greatly.
[寫美]——詞匯升級
③Smoking is bad for your health, so you'd better give it up.
→Smoking________________________________ your health, so you'd better give it up.
第三節(jié) 應(yīng)用與提升
1. 分類默寫 精準(zhǔn)記憶
閱讀詞匯學(xué)其意
disaster n. ______________________
drought n. ______________________
slide vi. & vt. ______________________
shelter n. ____________________ vt. ____________________vi. ___________________
context n. ______________________volcano n. ______________________
erupt vi. & vt. ______________________
typhoon n. ______________________
hurricane n. ______________________
tap vi. & vt. ______________________n. ______________________
whistle vi. ______________________vt. ________________n. ______________________
emergency n. ____________
高頻詞匯知其形
_____________ n. & vt. 營救；救援
_____________ vt. 損害；破壞 n. 損壞；損失
_____________ vt. 摧毀；毀滅
_____________ vt. 影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
_____________ n. 電；電能
_____________ vt. 埋葬；安葬
_____________ n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
_____________ n. 智慧；才智
_____________ n. [ pl. ] 補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給 vt. 供應(yīng)；供給
_____________ adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
_____________ vt. & vi. 打掃；清掃
_____________ vi. & vt. 侵襲；突擊；擊打 n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
_____________ vt. & vi. 遞送；傳達(dá) vt. 發(fā)表
_____________ n. 總結(jié)；概括；概要
_____________ n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果
拓展詞匯通變化
survive vi. 生存 存活 vt. 幸存；艱難度過→_____________ n. 幸存者；生還者→_____________ n. 幸存
death n. 死；死亡→_____________ adj. 無生命的
shock n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt. (使)震驚→_____________ adj. 令人震驚的→_____________ adj. 感到震驚的
breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→_____________ n. 呼吸；(空氣的)微微流動(dòng)→_____________ adj. 氣喘吁吁的；屏息的
revive vt. & vi. 復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→_____________ n. 振興；復(fù)蘇
unify vi. & vt. 統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體→_____________ vi. & vt. 團(tuán)結(jié)
suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→_____________ n. 折磨；苦難
erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出；突然發(fā)生→_____________ n. 火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)
power n. 力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→_____________ adj. 強(qiáng)大的；有力的→_____________ adj. 無力的；沒有能力的
effect n. 影響；結(jié)果；效果→_____________ adj. 有效果的
length n. 長；長度→_____________ adj. 長的
4. 高頻詞塊明搭配
______________________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
______________________ 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
______________________ 震驚；吃驚
______________________ 露天；在戶外
______________________ 急救箱
______________________ 消滅；徹底消除
______________________ 現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)
______________________建立
______________________ 火山噴發(fā)
語境實(shí)戰(zhàn) 翻譯提升
詞匯語法實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)
Ⅰ. 品句填詞
Too much drinking will do __________ (損壞) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.
I badly need this job. To tell you the truth, it would be a __________ (災(zāi)難) for me if I lost it.
More __________ (避難所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities.
Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of the __________ (旱災(zāi)) and poor harvests.
There the children can swing and __________ (滑行) and go round and round for hours.
In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after __________ (死亡) .
A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the __________ (洪水) .
The air in the room was so stuffy and smelly that I could hardly __________ (呼吸) .
Don't leave the lights on. It wastes __________ (電) .
Thanks to his __________ (努力) and devotion, the party turned out to be a great success.
A stone hit the window and __________ (打碎) the glass.
In this exercise, a word is blanked out and you have to guess what it is by looking at the __________ (上下文) .
Although the economy of the country has more or less __________ (復(fù)蘇) , it still remains weak.
10. People collected many __________ (補(bǔ)給品) and sent them to the disaster area.
Whenever she goes out with her baby, she always takes a large __________ (補(bǔ)品) of baby food with her.
A volcanic __________ (噴發(fā)) buried everything in its path.
The baby was born with a heart problem and only __________ (存活) for a few hours.
The company has made no move to settle the _______ (罷工) .
Pilots were trying to repair a fault in the plane when it __________ (碰撞) .
I didn't have time to read the book, so I just read a __________ (概要) on the Internet.
II. 拓展研習(xí)
1. These old people have experienced all kinds of ______ (suffer) in their difficult times.
2. They treat me as if I ________(be) a stranger.
3. _______________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
4. I’m ____________(shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
5. It rained for two weeks on end, completely _______ (ruin) our holiday.
6. Around 540 million people _________ (affect) by second hand smoke, which causes 100，000 deaths per year.
7. _______ (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened.
8. Though ________ (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didn’t lose the courage to go on with his business.
9. The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely ________ (destroy).
10. When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was ______ nervous to say a word.
11. To help students deal with their mental problems, we will hold a lecture ________ (deliver) by a professor from the UK.
12. What’s more，it is another _________ (effect) way to deal with the problem.
13. They felt it difficult _________ (finish) the work in such a short time.
14. Today the number of people learning English in China _______ (increase) rapidly.
15. A wonderful idea ______________ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.
16. The dustman _________ (sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.
17. The ________ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.
18. I __________ (have) a discussion with my friend about how to improve my English when my mother called me.
19. It was reported that as many _________ 157 people died at the air crash.
20. Several hours later, the little boy was rescued ________ the aid of the police.
III. 單句寫作
她突然想到忘記鎖門了。(trick)
_______ _______ _______ _______ she forgot to lock the door.
雨下了兩天，引起了河水上漲。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語做結(jié)果狀語)
It has rained for two days, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我們正在給會(huì)議做一個(gè)總結(jié)，這時(shí)突然停電了。(be doing ...... when ......)
We ________ ________ a summary of the meeting ________ there was a power failure.
一架小型飛機(jī)在該市以東5英里的山坡上墜毀，機(jī)上人員全部遇難。
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,________ all the people on board.
看到那個(gè)明星，她太興奮了，一句話也說不出來。 (too…to…)
Seeing the famous star, she was______ ______ ______ ______.
烏云密布，看上去要下雨了。 (It looks as if…)
Dark clouds are gathering. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ rain .
每到一個(gè)地方，他都會(huì)給自己寄一張明信片。 (everywhere引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)
_______ he goes, he ________ ________ ________ ________.
我喜歡早晨鍛煉，因?yàn)榭諝夂粑饋砗苄迈r。 (sth. is＋adj.＋to do)
I like to work out in the morning, because the air is________ ________ ________ ________.
他們一起走了，留下我一個(gè)人坐在那里。 (leave＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))
They went off together and _______ ________ ________ there alone.
然而，一些課文有太多的新單詞和短語，這對我們來說是一個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)。(which 引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句)
However, some of the texts have too many new words and expressions, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
語法填空
I. 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. 1. __________ (smell) gas came out from the cracks of wells and animals became too nervous 2. __________ (eat). At 3∶42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. It seemed as 3. __________ the world were coming to an end！Soon the whole city lay 4. __________ ruins and more than 400,000 people were killed or badly injured in the quake and nearly everything in the city 5. __________ (destroy). People were 6. __________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. Soldiers were sent to dig out those who were trapped and to bury 7. __________ dead. Workers built shelters for 8. __________ (survive). With strong support from the government and the tireless 9. __________ (effort) of the city’s people, everything improved and the city began to 10. __________ (breath) again.
II. 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Mountain climbing is a sport different from rock climbing. Mountain climbing equipment therefore differs 1. ____________ rock climbing equipment sometimes, 2. ____________ the two sports do have many pieces of equipment in common.
Perhaps 3. ____________ most common piece of mountain climbing equipment is the carabiner, 4. ____________ is a metal hook(掛鉤) with a gate that opens and closes to make a rope through it. This piece of equipment is used for a variety of purposes, and most 5. ____________(climber) have several carabiners on hand during a climb.
Mountain climbers also 6. ____________(usual) use a tool called an ice axe(冰鎬). This tool is used for different purposes according to 7. ____________(it) design: some ice axes are designed for climbing pieces of ice, and they are used together with another piece of mountain climbing equipment 8._________(know) as crampons. Crampons have sharp metal teeth that 9.__________ (connect) with the climber’s shoes. The ice axes used for climbing often feature a bend in the handle, and people often choose the ice axe that 10. ____________(be) narrow and strong enough to be plunged (穿入) into hard ice repeatedly. The teeth of the crampon are also narrow and quite hard for the same purposes.

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