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Unit 2 Grammar專有名詞和并列連詞
一、專有名詞
英語中的專有名詞表示特定的人名、地名、機構或組織名、書名、節日名或者日期名等的專用名稱。
專有名詞前一般不加冠詞，并且每個單詞的首字母都需要大寫，但其中的虛詞，如冠詞、介詞等的首字母一般不大寫，也可以將所有的字母都大寫。注意，普通名詞構成的專有前面需要加定冠詞。
專有名詞的分類
Name of people Sally Webb, Mrs Jacob, Xiao Ling
Name of places France, the Louvre Museum, the Beijing Railway Station
Organizations the Red Cross, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization
Days of the week Tuesday, Friday, September
Months January, March, September
Holidays The Spring Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival, Christmas
1. 專有名詞的分類
(1). 表示人名，姓和名要分開，首字母都要大寫。如：Tom, Tim Smith, Xu Haitao。
(2). 表示地名、國名。如：France, the United Nations, the Great Wall。
(3). 表示組織，機構名。如 the World Trade Organization,
(4). 表示星期、月份。如：Monday, January, October。
(5). 表示節日。如：the Spring Festival,Christmas, New Year。
(6). 表示書名、文章名。如：Oxford English, My Summer Holiday。
專有名詞的特征
(1). 一般情況下，專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫，前面不用不定冠詞“a”或“an”，通常沒有復數形式。
(2). 組織結構和中國傳統的節日前，要加冠詞The。
(3). 國家名是由多個名詞組成，要加冠詞the. 專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語，則必須使用定冠詞the.
(4). 姓氏名如果采用復數形式，則表示某一家人（復數含義）。如the Greens (格林一家）
【即學即練】
( ) 1. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on ______ Day.
A. woman B. Women C. Woman’s D. Women’s
( ) 2. --- I want to go for a traveling during ________ Spring Festival.
--- Hainan is a perfect place_____ a holiday.
A. the; for B. a at C. the; on D. an; for
( ) 3. --- Do you know when______ was established
--- It was established ______ 1945.
A. the United Nation, on B. the United Nation; in
C. the United Nations; in D. the United Nations; on
三、連詞(非從句連詞)種類總結
并列 and 和，并且 My father and mother went for a walk.
both..and... …和…;(兩者)都 Both my father and my mother are teachers.
neither…nor... 既不...也不... Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor.
not only...but also 不但….,而且 … She is not only a singer but also a dancer.
as well as 既…,又 … She can speak German as well as English.
轉折 but 但是 He goes to school not by bus,but on foot.
however 然而(逗號隔開) It's cold.However,we should go there.
while 然而(對比關系) I like tea,while she likes coffee.
選擇 or 或者；還是 Would you like fish or pork
either...or... 或者...或者... Either you or I can get the computer.
結果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work.
and表示并列，意思為“和，并且”，用于連接形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞或句子。除and以外，還有both......and......, not only......but also, neither......nor等。如：
①She is beautiful and she is kind. 她很漂亮，她也很善良。
②She is a student, and she is a good girl. 她是一名學生，她也是一位好女孩。
③Both the teacher and the students come. 老師和學生都來了。
④Not only the teachers but also the students come. 不僅老師們，學生們也來了。
⑤Neither the teachers nor the students come.老師們和學生們都沒來。
【拓展】
“祈使句+and+陳述句”表示條件與結果，可與句型“If條件句+主句”互換使用。如： Work hard and your future is not a dream.= If you work hard, your future is not a dream.
2.but 意為“但是”，表示轉折關系, 所接的成分意思相反或者相近，類似的連詞還有while, however。注意 but 后面不能連接“，”，而“however”后必須用“，”，且“but”不能和 though/although 用在同一個句子里。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like sports. 她喜歡唱歌，但是她不喜歡運動。
He loves the story, but I don’t love it. 他喜歡這個故事，但是我不喜歡。
Though/Although he loves the story, but I don’t love it. (語法錯誤)
It’s an old car, but it’s reliable. 它是一部很舊的汽車，但它是可以信賴的。
Wu Lei is so lazy but he studies very well. 吳磊很懶，但是學習很好。
The first two services are free, while the third costs 35 yuan。
前兩項服務是免費的，但第三項服務需要花費35元。
Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well。
有些糧食作物歉收，但棉花的收成相當不錯。
3. so 意為“因此、所以”，表示因果關系，類似的還有thus, therefore等。用作連詞時，so可以獨立引導并列分句，therefore/thus前必須有分號或者破折號隔開才能引導并列分句。注意 so 不能和 because 用在同一個句子里。如：
He got up late, so he didn’t catch the school bus. 他起晚了，所以沒有趕上校車。
He is fat, so he can’t run fast. 他很胖，所以他跑不快。
Because he is fat, so he can’t run fast. (語法錯誤)
It begins to rain, so we gave up the camp. 天開始下雨了，所以我們放棄露營了。
The teacher is right; Therefore, we all support him. 老師是對的，所以我們都支持他。
4.or 意為“或者、否則”，也可以用來連接兩個句子，表示選擇關系。如：
You can stay here, or you can leave. 你可以待在這里，也可以離開。
Get up early, or you’ll be late。早點起床，否則你會遲到。
Which do you prefer, this one or that one 你更喜歡哪一個，這個還是那個？
注：當 or 表示“和”時，用于否定句或疑問句中；而 and 用于肯定句中。
【拓展】
“祈使句+ or+陳述句”表示“否則” Hurry up, or you will be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
【即學即練】
( ) 1. --- Shenzhen is a famous _____ modern city, ______ many people come here every year.
--- I will travel to Shenzhen next year.
A. and; but B. and; so
C. but; and D. or; so
( ) 2. --- How did they______ Tina
--- Everyone in the town knows her ______it was easy for them to find her.
A. found; so B. found; and
C. find; so D. find; but
( ) 3. --- Why don't you _________ your old car
--- The car is very old______ it runs very fast.
A.change; and B. changed; but
C. to change; so D. change; but
Unit 2 Grammar專有名詞和并列連詞同步練習
一、 單句語法填空（用適當的連詞填空）
1. Study hard ______ you will pass the exam.
2. It was snowing, ______ I could not go out.
3. I like the computer very much, ______ it is too expensive. I can’t afford it.
4. My favourite subjects are art _______ Chinese.
5. It is very cold, __________ those students are still having P.E. class in the playground.
6. My mother is ill, _________ I have to stay at home and look after her.
二、單項選擇
( ) 1. Think it over, ______ you’ll work out the Maths problem.
A. or B. so C. for D. and
( ) 2. Ben was busy taking a training class, ________ we had to wait for him for half an hour.
so B. if C. or D. but
( ) 3. Confucius once said, “ Everything has beauty, _______ not everyone sees it.”
but B. or C. and D. so
( ) 4. --- Which do you prefer, tea _________ coffee
--- Tea,please.
but B. or C. and D. so
( ) 5. --- Lina, spend more time talking with your parents, ________ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny. I will do it
but B. and C. or D. so
( ) 6. He is always cheerful. Everyone likes to stay with him.
sad B. bored C. happy D. surprised
( ) 7. The boy tried to remain cool by swimming in summer,
A. turn B. keep C. look D. return
( ) 8. Never give up doing sports.
A. stop B. catch C. love D. want
( ) 9. The little girl is good at learning English.
is interested in B. is nervous about
C. doesn't like D. does well in
( )10. She is too busy to look after her child.
A. look at B. take care of C. look for D. hold on to
三、語法填空：
Athens(雅典）is one of the biggest cities in Europe. And it is also 1. ______ capital of Greece. Most 2. _______________ (tour) come here for famous scenery, such as 3. _______ Acropolis(雅典衛城）and Parthenon (帊特農神廟).The Greece’s 4. ______ (nature) scenery is also beautiful. With warm weather 5. ______ much sunshine, Greece is famous for its wonderful islands.
One of Greek’s best islands, Santorini(圣托里尼島）is your 6. _______ (one)choice . It is an island with blue and white. Many tourists love it not only 7. ___________ you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Aegean Sea, but also the colourful 8. ______ (build) at sunset. The well-known island has different 9. ______ (beach). The black shining sand, white and red sand make special scenery. If you go out in Santorini, you 10. ______ (find) it is like a fairyland.
四、單項選擇
( ) 1. --- Lina,spend more time talking with your parents, _______ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny . I will do it .
A. but B. and C. or
( ) 2. --- John, work hard ________ you will make such progress.
--- Dad, I will try my ______ .
but;better B. and;best C. so;best
( ) 3. Money is important ________ it’s not the most important thing.
and B. but C. so
( ) 4. Maria didn’t catch the last bus, _________ she had to walk home.
and B. so C. but
( ) 5. --- Anna, you wear a new dress today!
--- It fits me well, ______ the colour is not my favourite.
but B.so C. and
( ) 6. --- Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam
--- I’d love to, _______ I can’t. I have to take a piano lesson.
and B. but C. or
( ) 7. --- A/An ______ is the information about where a person lives or works.
address B.hobby C. friend
( ) 8. Something that is _______ is extremely good.
interesting B. excellent C. possible
( ) 9. There are so many steps to the top floor. You can ______ the lift.
get B. bring C. take
( ) 10. --- Do you know Mo Yan
--- Of course. He _______ a writer.
is popular with B. is fond of C. is famous as
五、將下列句子譯成英語：
1. 上周我們去參觀了故宮博物館，我學到了很多明朝和清朝的歷史知識。
Last week, we visited______ ______ ______ and learnt a lot of history knowledge about ______ and _______ dynasties.
格林一家打算下個暑假去肯尼亞。
______ ______ are going to go to Kenya next summer holiday.
在紅嶺中學，老師和學生都很努力。
In Hongling Middle school, ________ teachers _______ students are hard-working.
大熊貓經常吃竹子，但是他們也吃其他的植物。
Giant pandas usually eat bamboo ________ they also eat other plants.
我在景德鎮看到了許多陶器店，因此我買了幾個手繪的茶壺。
I saw many pottery shops in Jingdezhen, _______ I bought several freehand sketching.
Unit 2 Grammar專有名詞和并列連詞
一、專有名詞
英語中的專有名詞表示特定的人名、地名、機構或組織名、書名、節日名或者日期名等的專用名稱。
專有名詞前一般不加冠詞，并且每個單詞的首字母都需要大寫，但其中的虛詞，如冠詞、介詞等的首字母一般不大寫，也可以將所有的字母都大寫。注意，普通名詞構成的專有前面需要加定冠詞。
專有名詞的分類
Name of people Sally Webb, Mrs Jacob, Xiao Ling
Name of places France, the Louvre Museum, the Beijing Railway Station
Organizations the Red Cross, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization
Days of the week Tuesday, Friday, September
Months January, March, September
Holidays The Spring Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival, Christmas
1. 專有名詞的分類
(1). 表示人名，姓和名要分開，首字母都要大寫。如：Tom, Tim Smith, Xu Haitao。
(2). 表示地名、國名。如：France, the United Nations, the Great Wall。
(3). 表示組織，機構名。如 the World Trade Organization,
(4). 表示星期、月份。如：Monday, January, October。
(5). 表示節日。如：the Spring Festival,Christmas, New Year。
(6). 表示書名、文章名。如：Oxford English, My Summer Holiday。
專有名詞的特征
(1). 一般情況下，專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫，前面不用不定冠詞“a”或“an”，通常沒有復數形式。
(2). 組織結構和中國傳統的節日前，要加冠詞The。
(3). 國家名是由多個名詞組成，要加冠詞the. 專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語，則必須使用定冠詞the.
(4). 姓氏名如果采用復數形式，則表示某一家人（復數含義）。如the Greens (格林一家）
【即學即練】
( D ) 1. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on ______ Day.
A. woman B. Women C. Woman’s D. Women’s
( A ) 2. --- I want to go for a traveling during ________ Spring Festival.
--- Hainan is a perfect place_____ a holiday.
A. the; for B. a at C. the; on D. an; for
( C ) 3. --- Do you know when______ was established
--- It was established ______ 1945.
A. the United Nation, on B. the United Nation; in
C. the United Nations; in D. the United Nations; on
三、連詞(非從句連詞)種類總結
并列 and 和，并且 My father and mother went for a walk.
both..and... …和…;(兩者)都 Both my father and my mother are teachers.
neither…nor... 既不...也不... Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor.
not only...but also 不但….,而且 … She is not only a singer but also a dancer.
as well as 既…,又 … She can speak German as well as English.
轉折 but 但是 He goes to school not by bus,but on foot.
however 然而(逗號隔開) It's cold.However,we should go there.
while 然而(對比關系) I like tea,while she likes coffee.
選擇 or 或者；還是 Would you like fish or pork
either...or... 或者...或者... Either you or I can get the computer.
結果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work.
and表示并列，意思為“和，并且”，用于連接形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞或句子。除and以外，還有both......and......, not only......but also, neither......nor等。如：
①She is beautiful and she is kind. 她很漂亮，她也很善良。
②She is a student, and she is a good girl. 她是一名學生，她也是一位好女孩。
③Both the teacher and the students come. 老師和學生都來了。
④Not only the teachers but also the students come. 不僅老師們，學生們也來了。
⑤Neither the teachers nor the students come.老師們和學生們都沒來。
【拓展】
“祈使句+and+陳述句”表示條件與結果，可與句型“If條件句+主句”互換使用。如： Work hard and your future is not a dream.= If you work hard, your future is not a dream.
2.but 意為“但是”，表示轉折關系, 所接的成分意思相反或者相近，類似的連詞還有while, however。注意 but 后面不能連接“，”，而“however”后必須用“，”，且“but”不能和 though/although 用在同一個句子里。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like sports. 她喜歡唱歌，但是她不喜歡運動。
He loves the story, but I don’t love it. 他喜歡這個故事，但是我不喜歡。
Though/Although he loves the story, but I don’t love it. (語法錯誤)
It’s an old car, but it’s reliable. 它是一部很舊的汽車，但它是可以信賴的。
Wu Lei is so lazy but he studies very well. 吳磊很懶，但是學習很好。
The first two services are free, while the third costs 35 yuan。
前兩項服務是免費的，但第三項服務需要花費35元。
Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well。
有些糧食作物歉收，但棉花的收成相當不錯。
3. so 意為“因此、所以”，表示因果關系，類似的還有thus, therefore等。用作連詞時，so可以獨立引導并列分句，therefore/thus前必須有分號或者破折號隔開才能引導并列分句。注意 so 不能和 because 用在同一個句子里。如：
He got up late, so he didn’t catch the school bus. 他起晚了，所以沒有趕上校車。
He is fat, so he can’t run fast. 他很胖，所以他跑不快。
Because he is fat, so he can’t run fast. (語法錯誤)
It begins to rain, so we gave up the camp. 天開始下雨了，所以我們放棄露營了。
The teacher is right; Therefore, we all support him. 老師是對的，所以我們都支持他。
4.or 意為“或者、否則”，也可以用來連接兩個句子，表示選擇關系。如：
You can stay here, or you can leave. 你可以待在這里，也可以離開。
Get up early, or you’ll be late。早點起床，否則你會遲到。
Which do you prefer, this one or that one 你更喜歡哪一個，這個還是那個？
注：當 or 表示“和”時，用于否定句或疑問句中；而 and 用于肯定句中。
【拓展】
“祈使句+ or+陳述句”表示“否則” Hurry up, or you will be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
【即學即練】
( B ) 1. --- Shenzhen is a famous _____ modern city, ______ many people come here
every year.
--- I will travel to Shenzhen next year.
A. and; but B. and; so
C. but; and D. or; so
( C ) 2. --- How did they______ Tina
--- Everyone in the town knows her ______it was easy for them to find her.
A. found; so B. found; and
C. find; so D. find; but
( D ) 3. --- Why don't you _________ your old car
--- The car is very old______ it runs very fast.
A.change; and B. changed; but
C. to change; so D. change; but
Unit 2 Grammar專有名詞和并列連詞同步練習
一、 單句語法填空（用適當的連詞填空）
1. Study hard __and___ you will pass the exam.
2. It was snowing, ___so___ I could not go out.
3. I like the computer very much, ___but___ it is too expensive. I can’t afford it.
4. My favourite subjects are art ___and____ Chinese.
5. It is very cold, ____but______ those students are still having P.E. class in the playground.
6. My mother is ill, ___so______ I have to stay at home and look after her.
二、單項選擇
( D ) 1. Think it over, ______ you’ll work out the Maths problem.
A. or B. so C. for D. and
( A ) 2. Ben was busy taking a training class, ________ we had to wait for him for half an hour.
so B. if C. or D. but
( A ) 3. Confucius once said, “ Everything has beauty, _______ not everyone sees it.”
but B. or C. and D. so
( B ) 4. --- Which do you prefer, tea _________ coffee
--- Tea,please.
but B. or C. and D. so
( C ) 5. --- Lina, spend more time talking with your parents, ________ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny. I will do it
but B. and C. or D. so
( C ) 6. He is always cheerful. Everyone likes to stay with him.
sad B. bored C. happy D. surprised
( B ) 7. The boy tried to remain cool by swimming in summer,
A. turn B. keep C. look D. return
( A ) 8. Never give up doing sports.
A. stop B. catch C. love D. want
( D ) 9. The little girl is good at learning English.
is interested in B. is nervous about
C. doesn't like D. does well in
( B )10. She is too busy to look after her child.
A. look at B. take care of C. look for D. hold on to
三、語法填空：
Athens(雅典）is one of the biggest cities in Europe. And it is also 1. ___the___ capital of Greece. Most 2. __tourists__ (tour) come here for famous scenery, such as 3. _the___ Acropolis(雅典衛城）and Parthenon (帊特農神廟).The Greece’s 4. _natural___ (nature) scenery is also beautiful. With warm weather 5. __and__ much sunshine, Greece is famous for its wonderful islands.
One of Greek’s best islands, Santorini(圣托里尼島）is your 6. __first____ (one)choice . It is an island with blue and white. Many tourists love it not only 7. __because___ you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Aegean Sea, but also the colourful 8. _building__ (build) at sunset. The well-known island has different 9. _beaches__ (beach). The black shining sand, white and red sand make special scenery. If you go out in Santorini, you 10. _will find__ (find) it is like a fairyland.
四、單項選擇
( C ) 1. --- Lina,spend more time talking with your parents, _______ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny . I will do it .
A. but B. and C. or
( B ) 2. --- John, work hard ________ you will make such progress.
--- Dad, I will try my ______ .
but;better B. and;best C. so;best
( B ) 3. Money is important ________ it’s not the most important thing.
and B. but C. so
( B ) 4. Maria didn’t catch the last bus, _________ she had to walk home.
and B. so C. but
( A ) 5. --- Anna, you wear a new dress today!
--- It fits me well, ______ the colour is not my favourite.
but B.so C. and
( B ) 6. --- Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam
--- I’d love to, _______ I can’t. I have to take a piano lesson.
and B. but C. or
( A ) 7. --- A/An ______ is the information about where a person lives or works.
address B.hobby C. friend
( B ) 8. Something that is _______ is extremely good.
interesting B. excellent C. possible
( C ) 9. There are so many steps to the top floor. You can ______ the lift.
get B. bring C. take
( C ) 10. --- Do you know Mo Yan
--- Of course. He _______ a writer.
is popular with B. is fond of C. is famous as
五、將下列句子譯成英語：
1. 上周我們去參觀了故宮博物館，我學到了很多明朝和清朝的歷史知識。
Last week, we visited___the___ __Palace___ __Museum___ and learnt a lot of history knowledge about __Qing___ and __Ming___ dynasties.
格林一家打算下個暑假去肯尼亞。
__The___ __Greens___ are going to go to Kenya next summer holiday.
在紅嶺中學，老師和學生都很努力。
In Hongling Middle school, __both___ teachers ___and____ students are hard-working.
大熊貓經常吃竹子，但是他們也吃其他的植物。
Giant pandas usually eat bamboo ___but_____ they also eat other plants.
我在景德鎮看到了許多陶器店，因此我買了幾個手繪的茶壺。
I saw many pottery shops in Jingdezhen, ___so____ I bought several freehand sketching.

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