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2024-2025學年九年級英語
Unit10You’re supposed to shake hands知識點
1.Customs
要點1 custom的用法
用法分析custom /'k st m/ n. 風俗；習俗
Eg.Every country has its customs.鄉有鄉俗。[諺]
It’s important to keep different languages and customs alive.將不同的語言和習俗保留下來很重要。
The custom of drinking tea became popular in the UK during the 1660s.
17世紀60年代，喝茶的習俗在英國流行起來。
custom的常用搭配：
traditional custom 傳統習俗
folk custom 民間習俗
local custom 當地習俗
the custom of doing sth. 做某事的習俗。
辨析：custom與habit
custom 主要指某個民族或社會在發展過程中長期沿襲下來的禮節、風俗或習慣。
habit 指一個人經常做某事，久而久之形成的習慣或習性。
Eg.There are many different customs and habits among different countries. We must find out and follow their customs. 不同的國家有許多不同的風俗和習慣。我們必須了解并遵循他們的習俗。
【新題速遞】Chinese tea art with its ___custom___(習俗) was included in the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage(非物質文化遺產名錄) by UNESCO in 2022.
2.bow
要點2 bow的用法
用法分析bow /ba / v. & n. 鞠躬
作不及物動詞，意為“鞠躬”，常與to/before連用，意為“向……鞠躬”。
還可作名詞，意為“鞠躬”。
Eg.He bowed low to the crowd.他向人群深深地鞠了一躬。
The speaker greeted the reporters with a bow before the meeting.會議開始前，發言人鞠躬和記者們打招呼。
拓展(1) bow也可用作及物動詞，意為“低(頭) ”。
Eg.She bowed her head in shame.她羞愧地低下了頭。
(2) bow 作名詞時，還可意為“弓；蝴蝶結”(讀作/b /) 。
Eg.Tom made his son a bow.湯姆為他的兒子做了一張弓。
He tied his shoelaces in a bow.他把鞋帶打成個蝴蝶結。
3.shake hands
要點3 shake hands的用法
用法分析shake hands 握手
Eg.People in the US often shake hands with people they have just met.
在美國，人們經常和剛認識的人握手。
shake 的相關短語：
shake hands with sb. =shake sb. by the hand 與某人握手
shake one’s hand 握某人的手(強調一方的動作，hand 用單數)
拓展 shake 作動詞，意為“搖動；(使) 顫動”，其過去式和過去分詞分別為shook 和shaken。
它還可以作名詞，意為“奶昔”。
Eg.The whole house shakes when a train goes past.火車駛過時，整座房子都顫動起來。
How do you make a banana shake 你如何制作香蕉奶昔？
【新題速遞】通過5G，在兩個不同城市的人甚至能在同一個屏幕中“握手”。
Through 5G, people in two different cities can even “ __shake hands__” on the same screen.
4.kiss
要點4 kiss的用法
用法分析kiss /k s/ v. & n. 親吻；接吻
kiss 的常用搭配：
kiss sb. on...親吻某人的……
kiss sb. goodbye/goodnight 親吻某人道別/道晚安
拓展 1、可用作及物動詞也可用作不及物動詞。
Eg.Different countries have different manners about social situations. In Brazil, people sometimes kiss.
不同的國家在社交場合有不同的禮儀。在巴西，人們有時會親吻。
She leaned up and kissed him on the cheek.她靠上來吻了他的臉頰。
Tom kissed his parents goodnight.湯姆親吻了他的父母道晚安。
2、kiss 還可作可數名詞，意為“吻”。其復數形式為kisses，give sb. a kiss=kiss sb. 親吻某人。
Eg.The mother gave the baby a kiss. 媽媽給了寶寶一個吻。
【新題速遞】The handsome prince(王子) gave the princess a kiss , and then she came back to life.
5.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time
要點5 be supposed to的用法 (重點)
用法分析be supposed to 應該
be supposed to 后接動詞原形，相當于should，用來表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。
其否定形式為be not supposed to，意為“不應該”。
Eg.Everyone in our class is supposed to get to school on time.
=Everyone in our class should get to school on time.我們班里的每個人都應該按時到校。
拓展suppose 意為“認為，推斷”時，其后常接賓語從句，它的近義詞為 think，consider。
在賓語從句中其否定要前移(主句主語多為第一人稱) 。
Eg.I suppose (that) tree planting activities are very important.我認為植樹活動很重要。
I don’t suppose he will come here because he hates a place full of strangers.
我想他不會來這里，因為他討厭一個滿是陌生人的地方。
【新題速遞】父母應該教他們的孩子在公共場合舉止得體。
Parents are supposed to teach their kids to behave in a correct way in public.
6.In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands.
要點6 be expected to do sth. 的用法 (重點)
用法分析 be expected to do sth. 被期待做某事；被期望做某事
Eg.The report was not expected to provide any answers.這個報告沒被期望提供什么答案。
【新題速遞】You’re expected to shake (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
要點7 expect 的用法
用法分析 expect / k'spekt/ v. 期待；預料；等待 后接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式或從句。
Eg.We’re expecting you for dinner. 我們在等你吃晚飯。
A lot of travelers expect to enjoy many jacarandas in Kunming.很多游客期待在昆明欣賞到許多藍花楹。
He expected me to tell the truth. 他期望我講實話。
I expect that he will come to our party tonight.我期望今晚他會來參加我們的聚會。
expect 的常用搭配：
expect sb./sth. 期待/等待某人或某物
expect to do sth. 期望做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
expect + that 從句 期望……
特別提醒：expect 與except(除……之外) 極像雙胞胎，千萬別混用！
【新題速遞】The composer who created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng (《學習雷鋒好榜樣》) didn’t __A__
the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years.
A．expect B．allow C．receive
7.Maria’s mistakes
要點8 mistake 的用法
用法分析 mistake /m ‘ste k/ n. 錯誤 mistake 是可數名詞。
Eg.It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion. 忽略他的意見是不對的。
You can find a native speaker and communicate with the person
without worrying about making mistakes. 你可以找一個以英語為母語的人和他交流，不用擔心犯錯。
I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我錯拿了你的包。
拓展mistake (mistook, mistaken) 還可作動詞，意為“看錯；誤解”。mistake A for B“把A 錯當成B”。
Eg.I’m afraid you have mistaken kitchen waste for recyclable waste. 恐怕你把廚余垃圾錯當成可回收垃圾了。
mistake 的相關短語：
make mistakes/a mistake (in...) (在……方面) 出錯；犯錯誤
by mistake 錯誤地；無意地
【新題速遞】It’s important to learn from ____mistakes____ (錯誤) and become stronger.
8.greeted Paul’s mother the wrong way
要點9 greet 的用法
用法分析 greet /ɡri t/ v. 和……打招呼；迎接
Eg.He greets me with a smile. 他微笑著向我打招呼。
We greeted her mother by saying “Good morning!”
我們向她母親打招呼說“早上好！”
拓展greeting n. 問候；招呼
Eg.He sends greetings to all the family. 他向全家人問候。
greet 相當于say hello to,后接名詞或代詞作賓語。常與with 搭配使用，表示“以……方式問候/打招呼”。
greet with 以……方式問候/打招呼
【新題速遞】Chinese greet each other by shaking hands while Japanese bow.
要點10 the wrong way 的用法 (重點)
用法分析 the wrong way 以錯誤的方式 the wrong way 相當于in the wrong way。
當way 構成的短語表示“用……方式/ 方法”時，常加介詞 in。
Eg.If you’re in the wrong way, running is useless.如果你在錯誤的路上，奔跑沒有用。
In this way, you can master the grammar rules.用這種方式，你就能掌握語法規則。
特別提醒：如果 way 前有this，that 或the 等詞時，in 通常可以省略。但如果位于句首，in 不能忽略。
9.But a funny thing happened.
要點11 happen的用法
用法分析 happen /'h p n/ v. 發生 happen 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態。
happen 發生 ① sth. happen(s) to sb. 某人發生了某事 ② sth. happen(s) + 時間或地點 在某時或某地發生了某事
碰巧 ① sb. happen(s) to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 ② It happens + 從句 碰巧……
Eg.What happened to you last night 昨天晚上你發生了什么事？
An accident happened in this street last week.上周在這條街道上發生了一場事故。
I happened to meet my teacher in the street.我碰巧在街上遇見了我的老師。
It happened that I was out when he called me.他給我打電話時我碰巧出去了。
【新題速遞】1、I like to follow the story and see what will happen next.
2、讓我吃驚的是，我們對此事的看法竟不謀而合。
I was really surprised to see that we ___happened to agree with___ each other on this thing.
10.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.
句子分析
I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.
要點12 as soon as 一……就…… 的用法 (高頻)
用法分析 as soon as 相當于the minute (that) 常用來引導時間狀語從句，強調兩個動作幾乎同時發生。
Eg.He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works.
他一看到張大千的作品就愛上了中國書法。
I will come over to your house as soon as I have free time tomorrow. 明天我一有空就到你家來。
Let’s start as soon as he comes. 他一來咱們就開始。
特別提醒：
as soon as 引導時間狀語從句時, 若主句用一般將來時，則從句用一般現在時。若主句為祈使句或含有情態動詞，從句也要用一般現在時。
【新題速遞】我們一到公園，老師就把我們分成三組。
Our teacher divided us into 3 groups __as__ ___soon____ ___as____ we got to the park.
11.It’s impolite if you don’t bow.
要點13 impolite 的用法 (高頻)
用法分析 impolite / mp 'la t/ adj. 不禮貌的
impolite 是由polite (adj. 有禮貌的) + im- (否定前綴) 構成的。
Eg.It’s impolite to break in when someone is speaking.別人說話時插嘴是不禮貌的。
As middle school students, we shouldn’t have impolite behaviour in public places.
作為中學生，我們不應該在公共場所有不禮貌的行為。
Always keep in mind: Be polite and patient.永遠記住：要有禮貌和耐心。
構詞法記單詞
前綴im-用于構成形容詞的反義詞，其他常見的否定前綴有：un-，dis-等。
e.g. possible-impossible；
happy-unhappy；
honest-dishonest
impolite 的詞形變化：
impolite polite adj.禮貌的
impolitely adv. 不禮貌地
politely adv. 禮貌地
【新題速遞】It is __impolite__ (polite) to talk loudly in public places.
要點14 if 引導的條件狀語從句
在含有if 引導的條件狀語從句的復合句中，主句為以下情況之一時，條件狀語從句用一般現在時：
(1) 主句是一般將來時
Eg.We won’t go to the museum if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨我們將不去博物館。
(2) 主句含有情態動詞
Eg.If we start now, we can finish the work on time.我們如果現在開始，就可以按時完成工作。
(3) 主句是祈使句
Eg.Work hard if you want to get good grades.你如果想取得好成績，就要努力學習。
拓展：if 作“是否”講時，引導賓語從句。
Eg.I’m not sure if I will be free tomorrow.我不確定明天我是否有空。
He asked me if he could use my computer.他問我他能否用我的電腦。
特別提醒:當主句是現在的某種時態時，if 從句的時態要根據實際情況而定。
當主句是過去時態時，if 從句要用過去的某種時態。
【新題速遞】 ___A___ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list，try a To-Don’t list.
A. If B. Until C. Although D. Unless
12.I held out my hand and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my face!
要點15 to one’s surprise 的用法
用法分析 to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝的 surprise是作名詞，意為“驚訝；驚奇”。
Eg.To my surprise, he has made so much progress.令我驚訝的是, 他取得了如此大的進步。
The little girl asked her mother in surprise.小女孩驚訝地問她媽媽。
拓展：(1) surprise 還可作動詞，意為“使驚訝”。surprise sb. 使某人驚訝
Eg.We’ll solve the case ourselves and surprise everyone.我們將自己解決這件事，并讓所有人吃驚。
surprise 的其他常用短語：
in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地
give sb. a surprise 給某人一個驚喜
(2) surprise 的相關詞：
surprised adj. 驚奇的；驚訝的(主語通常為人)
surprising adj. 令人吃驚的；使人驚奇的 (常以物作主語或修飾物)
Eg.Visitors to Sichuan are surprised at so many choices they have for food.
來四川旅游的游客驚訝于他們有這么多的食物選擇。
They were surprised to find that he’d already left.他們驚奇地發現他已經離開了。
The result was surprising. 結果令人驚訝。
一語辨異：
We were all surprised at the surprising news.
我們都對這令人驚訝的消息感到驚訝。
surprised 的常見搭配：
be surprised at sth. 對某事感到驚訝
be surprised to do sth. 驚訝地做某事
【新題速遞】 讓我們吃驚的是, 這位國際友人擅長烹制中餐。
____To our surprise____, the foreign friend is good at cooking Chinese food.
要點16 both 的用法
用法分析 both /b θ/ det. & pron. 兩個都
①作限定詞，后接可數名詞復數，反義詞為neither，意為“兩者都不”。
Eg.Both answers are right. 兩個答案都對。
Neither answer is correct. 兩個答案都不對。
有both 的句子變否定句時一般不借助not，常把both 變為neither。
② both 作代詞，可以單獨使用，也可以用于both of... 結構，both of... 作主語時謂語動詞用復數形式。
Eg.—Which one do you want to buy 你想買哪一個？
—I want to buy both. 我兩個都想買。
Both of them are teachers. 他們倆都是老師。
They both showed great interest in Chinese culture.他們倆都對中國文化表現出極大的興趣。
辨析: both, all, neither 與none
both 指“兩者都”, 作主語時謂語動詞用復數。其反義詞為neither。
all 指“三者或三者以上都”, 作主語時謂語動詞用復數。其反義詞為none。
neither 指“兩者都不”, 后接of短語作主語時謂語動詞用單數或復數均可。
none 指“三者或三者以上都不”, 后接of短語作主語時謂語動詞用單數或復數均可。
Eg.All of us are interested in history. 我們都對歷史感興趣。
Neither of the twins has/have been to Beijing.這對雙胞胎都沒有去過北京。
None of these pens works/work. 這些鋼筆都不能用。
both 作同位語，通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞之后，實義動詞之前。
【新題速遞】
—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ___C___ can give people a big laugh.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
13.Later I found out French people are supposed to kiss when they see each other.
要點15 find out 的用法
用法分析 find out 查明, 弄清(情況)
Eg.Please find out when the meeting starts. 請查清楚會議什么時候開始。
find out后可接由that，what，when 或how 等引導的賓語從句，也可接名詞。
辨析: find out, look for 與find
find out 意為“弄清; 查明”, 指通過觀察、探索或調查而得。
look for 意為“尋找”, 強調找的動作和過程。
find 意為“找到; 發現”, 強調找的結果。
Eg.Find out what you did wrong, and then try to improve it for the next game.
弄清你做錯了什么，然后試著在下一場比賽中改進它。
What are you looking for 你在找什么？
Did you find the lost child 你們找到那個丟失的孩子了嗎？
以out 結尾的動詞短語有：①stay out 待在外面
②put out 熄滅
③run out 用盡
④hand out 分發
一語辨異:
I was looking for my glasses everywhere, but I couldn’t find them. At last, my mother found out they were under my bed. 我到處找我的眼鏡，但找不到。最后，我媽媽發現它們在我的床下。
【新題速遞】—Why does Linda dislike me
—I don’t know. You’ll have to ___D___ the reason yourself.
A. go out B. bring out
C. come out D. find out
14.Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.
句子分析 此句中Where用作連詞，引導地點狀語，說明主句行為發生的地點。
Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.
要點16 relaxed 的用法
用法分析 relaxed /r 'l kst/ adj. 放松的；自在的
作表語，be relaxed about... 對……感到放松/ 隨意
Eg.We are relaxed about our breakfast.我們對我們的早餐比較隨意。
辨析: relaxed 與relaxing
relaxed “感到放松的”，通常修飾 人 （人/物），用來表示人的感受，在句中通常作表語，也可作定語或補語。
relaxing “令人放松的”，通常修飾 物 （人/物），在句中作定語或表語。
Eg.After a rest, he felt relaxed. 休息之后，他感到很輕松。
The piece of music sounds relaxing.這首曲子聽起來令人放松。
一語辨異：Listening to relaxing music is a good way to relax, because it can make us feel relaxed.
聽令人放松的音樂是放松的一個好方法，因為它可以讓我們感到輕松。
拓展：relax 是動詞，意為“放松; 休息”。Relax oneself “放松自己”。
規律總結：以 -ed 結尾的形容詞多用來描述人，說明人的某種情緒或感受；
以 -ing 結尾的形容詞多用來描述事物，說明事物本身的特性。
如：interested 感興趣的 interesting 有趣的
excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的
tired 疲倦的 tiring 令人困倦的
【新題速遞】 1、Alex realized that Sophia was trying to make him feel ___relaxed___(放松)
2、After the final exam, we will feel D and we’ ll have a winter holiday.
A. relaxing;relaxing B. relaxing;relaxed C. relaxed;relaxed D. relaxed;relaxing
3、Listening to the D music always makes me .
A. relaxed; relaxing B. relaxed; relaxed C. relaxing; relaxing D. relaxing; relaxed
15.We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
要點17 value 的用法
用法分析 value /'v lju / v. 重視; 珍視 n. 價值
Eg.Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
謙虛使人進步，自負使人落后。（諺語）
v. 重視；珍視
value sb./ sth. (for sth.) (因……而) 重視某人/ 某物
value sb. / sth. as...把某人或某物珍視為……
Eg.I value her for her kindness and understanding.我因她的善良和善解人意而珍視她。
I really value him as a friend. 我真的把他珍視為朋友。
n. 價值
be of great value 有很大價值
the value of... ……的價值
Eg.The environmental protection work is of great value, so I will continue doing it.
環保工作很有價值，所以我會繼續做下去。
The son realized the value of hard work.兒子意識到了努力工作的價值。
There is nothing valuable in the bag. 包里沒有什么貴重的東西。
valuable 是value 的形容詞，意為“貴重的；寶貴的”。
【新題速遞】 1、It’s necessary for us to learn to ___B___ time and make good use of every minute.
A．spend B．value C．record D．waste
16.We often just drop by our friends’ homes if we have time.
要點18 drop by 的用法
用法分析 drop by 順便訪問；隨便進入 過去式和過去分詞均為dropped，現在分詞為dropping
drop by 可單獨使用，也可接表示地點的名詞，此時相當于come over to。
Eg.If you’re free tomorrow, why don’t you drop by for a chat
如果你明天有空，為什么不順便過來聊聊呢？
However busy he is, he often spares time to drop by colleges to make young people know more about the folk art.
不管他有多忙，他經常抽出時間去大學，讓年輕人更多地了解民間藝術。
拓展：
drop in 順便走訪；順便拜訪 （drop by 可單獨使用也可直接加賓語，
而drop in 必須先接介詞再加賓語。）
drop in on sb. 順便拜訪某人
drop in at + 地點 順便訪問某地
drop back/behind 落后
drop out(of) 退出
Eg.I plan to drop in on my teacher after school today. I haven’t seen her for a long time.
我計劃今天放學后順便拜訪我的老師。我已經很久沒有見到她了。
The manager dropped in at the bank to get some money.經理順便去銀行取了些錢。
Work harder, or you’ll drop behind others.
再努力一點，否則你會落后于他人。
Lu Xun dropped out of the medical school in 1906 and took up writing to wake up the Chinese people at that time. 1906 年魯迅從醫學院輟學, 開始寫作來喚醒當時的中國人。
【新題速遞】 1、—I hear you are in my town. __A__ any time you like.
—I’ll if I have time.
A. Drop by B. Turn down
C. Show up D. Run off
16.We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can!
動詞的-ing 形式短語seeing as many of our friends as we can 作伴隨狀語，
說明作謂語的動詞短語walk around表示的動作發生時，另一個動作也在發生。
要點18 as...as sb. can/could 的用法
用法分析 as...as sb. can/could 某人盡可能……
as...as sb. can/could 相當于 as...as possible。
Eg.Try every means to read as many books as you can.想盡一切辦法盡可能多讀書。
If you want to catch up with him, you must work as hard as possible/you can.
如果你想趕上他，你必須盡可能努力學習。
【新題速遞】 1、去年寒假，琳達在北京待了兩個多星期。她想參觀盡可能多的地方。
Last winter holiday, Linda stayed in Beijing for __more__ __than__ two weeks. She wanted to visit __as__ many places __as__ she could.
17.①...so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.……因此如果有時人們遲到一會兒，我們并不介意。 ②...it’s OK if you arrive a bit late.……你遲到一會兒也沒有關系。
要點19 a little與a bit 的用法
【易混辨析】a little與a bit
短語 相同之處 不同之處
a little 都可表示程度，意為“稍微；有點兒”，且都可以修飾動詞、形容詞等 可直接修飾不可數名詞
a bit 修飾不可數名詞時，要用a bit of
Eg.She’s a bit/a little afraid of the teacher. 她有點兒害怕老師。（修飾形容詞）
Please turn down the radio a bit/a little. 請把收音機音量調小一點兒。（修飾動詞）
There is a little water in the glass.=There is a bit of water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一點兒水。（修飾不可數名詞）
【新題速遞】
1.—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know. I have___B____information about him because we haven't seen each other for________ years.
A. a little; a few B. little; a few C. a few; a little D. few; a little
2.She doesn’t like to meet people. She’s___B____shy.
A.a lot of B.a bit C.a little of D.little
3.Miss White said___A____to cheer me up.
A.a lot B.a lot of C.little D.lot of
18.In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 在瑞士，守時非常重要。
要點20 it’s +adj+to do sth 的用法
用法分析 it’s +adj+to do sth 做……是……的
該結構中it為形式主語，動詞不定式短語為真正的主語。
Eg.It’s very important to learn a foreign language.學習一門外語是非常重要的。
要點21 on time 的用法
用法分析 on time 準時; 按時
辨析: on time 與 in time
on time 表示“準時、按時”, 事情是按計劃發生的, 指正好在約定的時間發生, 一般放在句末。
in time 表示“及時”，指在約定的時間之前發生。
Eg.You are supposed to eat on time. 你應該按時吃飯。
Luckily, the old man was saved in time by a doctor passing by.幸運的是，那位老人被一位路過的醫生及時救了。
After work, I drop by the gym for a quick workout at times.下班后，我有時會順便去健身房快速鍛煉一下。
By the time I reached school, the teacher had already enteredthe classroom. 我到校的時候，老師已經進了教室。
No one can do two things well at the same time.沒有人能同時做好兩件事。
time 構成的其他短語：
【新題速遞】她總是按時到校，從未遲到過。
She always gets to school ___on___ ___time___ and has never been late for school.
19.In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 在瑞士，守時非常重要。
要點22 the capital of... 的用法
用法分析 the capital of... ……的首都/ 國都
Eg.Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中國的首都。
拓展：(1) capital 作名詞，還可意為“大寫字母”，常與介詞in 連用。
Eg.Please write in capitals. 請用大寫字母書寫。
(2) capital 還可作形容詞，意為“大寫的”。
Eg.This is a capital letter. 這是一個大寫的字母。
【新題速遞】Beijing, ___C___ capital of China, is ______ city with a long history.
A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a
要點23 after all 的用法 (高頻)
用法分析 after all 畢竟；終歸
after all 是固定短語，可位于句首、句中或句末，在句中作狀語，可用于強調某個理由或重要的論點。
Eg.We should make our own decisions. After all, no one knows us better than ourselves.
我們應該自己做決定。畢竟，沒有人比我們更了解自己。
He should have paid. He suggested it, after all. after all 還可意為“別忘了”，用來解釋或說明理由。
他本應該支付的，別忘了，是他提議的。
含all 的其他常用短語：
① above all 首先；最重要的是
② not at all 一點也不；根本不(用于否定句)
③ in all 總共
Above all, you should often let the doctor check your eyesight.
首先，你應該經常讓醫生檢查你的視力。
I can’t see her at all. It’s too dark.
天太黑了，我根本看不見她。
There are more than ten thousand books in all in the library.
圖書館里總共有一萬多本書。
【新題速遞】—This is so difficult that I want to give up.
—Take it easy. __D__, it takes time to learn something new.
A．In that case B．For example
C．By the way D．After all
19.If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad. 哪怕你僅遲到了15分鐘，你的朋友也可能會很生氣。
要點22 get mad 的用法
用法分析 get mad 大動肝火；氣憤
Eg.I really get mad when you take things without asking.你不問就拿東西，我真的很生氣。
I don’t think you should get mad at your mum.我認為你不應該生你媽媽的氣。
Don’t get mad about the broken window.別為這個破碎的窗戶而惱火。
get mad at/with sb.表示“生某人的氣”，同義短語為get angry at/with sb.；
get mad about sth.表示“對某事感到氣憤”,“因某事生氣”。
Eg.Whatever I say, please don’t get mad at/with me. 無論我說什么，請不要生我的氣。
There’s no need to get mad about it! 沒必要為這件事發火。
mad作形容詞，意為“很生氣；瘋的”，其比較級和最高級分別為 madder ， maddest 。
Eg.The result drove me mad. 這個結果使我發瘋。
This morning he was a little mad. 今天早上他有點生氣。
拓展：mad 還可意為“特別喜歡；癡迷”。be mad about/on... 對……著迷。
If you are mad about football, you can choose to work in a sports shop or help out at a local football club.
如果你對足球著迷，你可以選擇在體育用品商店工作或在當地的足球俱樂部幫忙。
mad 的常用搭配：
drive sb. mad 使某人發瘋
be mad 感到生氣(強調狀態)
【新題速遞】In my memory, my math teacher, Miss Smith, was always patient with us and she seldom got mad .
20.So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.
要點23 make an effort 的用法
用法分析make an effort 意為“作出努力”，其中effort作名詞，意為“努力；盡力”。
make an effort to do sth “努力做某事”。
make an effort 中的an 也可以根據情況換成another, every, one more, no 等詞。
I will make every effort to arrive on time.我將盡一切努力準時到達。
He decided to make one more effort. 他決定再努力一次。
拓展：effort 作名詞，“努力；盡力”。
China will put more effort into keeping green mountains and clear rivers.中國將更加努力地保持青山綠水。
They lifted the heavy rock without effort.他們毫不費力就把那塊沉重的石頭舉起來了。
The only thing in life achieved without effort is failure.唯獨失敗無需努力便唾手可得。[諺]
特別提醒：
① effort 泛指努力時，通常是不可數名詞。
② effort 強調一次具體的努力時，通常是可數名詞。
effort 的其他相關短語：
put more effort into doing sth.更加努力做某事
without effort 毫不費力
【新題速遞】
1.We must make ____C____ effort to run there in order to meet my grandparents earlier.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
2.The doctors are making an effort____C____the patients.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
3.China has made great efforts ___B___ other countries build high-speed railways.
A．help B．to help C．helping D．Helped
21. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.
要點24 avoid 的用法
用法分析 avoid / 'v d/ v. 避免；回避
Smart homes are helpful in avoiding the unnecessary waste, so they possibly benefit the environment.
智能家居有助于避免不必要的浪費，因此它們可能對環境有益。
Learn from past mistakes to avoid future ones.懲前毖后。
They avoid going out alone after dark.他們避免黃昏后獨自出門。
avoid 為及物動詞后接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing 形式作賓語。
avoid doing sth.避免做某事
拓展 ：巧記接動詞的 -ing 形式作賓語的動詞及短語：
享受介意必完成: (enjoy, mind, finish)
考慮建議盼望著: (consider, suggest, look forward to)
避免錯過繼續練: (avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise)
想要成功堅持忙: (feel like, succeed in, stick to, be busy)
習慣放棄有困難: (be used to, give up, have difficulty/ trouble)
【新題速遞】My father always ___avoids___ (避免) clothes shopping, for he doesn’t care about his clothing.
要點25 keep sb. doing sth. 的用法
用法分析 keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事
為“keep + 賓語+ 賓語補足語”結構，此處是動詞-ing 形式作賓語補足語。
keep 在此處作及物動詞，意為“(使) 保持”。
The coach kept the players doing drills to improve their skills.教練讓球員們一直做練習以提高他們的技術。
keep+adj. 保持某種狀態
Keep quiet, please.請保持安靜。
拓展：
(1) 在“keep + 賓語+ 賓語補足語”結構中，賓語補足語還可以是形容詞、副詞或介詞短語。
keep + 人/ 物+ 形容詞
keep + 人/ 物+ 副詞
keep + 人/ 物+ 介詞短語
We must keep the classroom clean every day.我們必須每天保持教室干凈。
Don’t keep him away from home.不要讓他離開家。
Keep your mind on the task at hand.專心于手頭的任務。
(2) keep(on) doing sth. 繼續做某事
There are always some things we just have to keep on doing.
總有一些事情，我們不得不繼續做下去。
(3) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
Planting trees can keep soil from being washed away.
植樹可以防止土壤流失。
【新題速遞】I would keep ____practicing____ (practice) after daily training every day.
22. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without calling first.
本句是一個含有雙重否定的句子，句子中never 和without 都表示否定意義，合在一起表示肯定意義。
雙重否定：常見的雙重否定結構：no/not/never/without/ hardly 等否定詞+ 表示否定意義的詞或短語。
No one is not interested in this topic.沒有人對這個話題不感興趣。
要點26 without 的用法
用法分析 without /w ' a t/ prep. 無；沒有 其反義詞為with。
后接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing 形式，表示伴隨情況或條件，在句中作狀語。
He found the place without difficulty.他毫不費力地找到了那個地方。
My life seems meaningless without you.沒有你，我的生活似乎沒有意義。
It was very impolite of her to leave without telling us.她不向我們打聲招呼就走了，太不禮貌了。
【新題速遞】—Maria. You have made such great progress in English.
—Thanks, Ms. Chen. I can’t make it _____ your help.
A．with B．without C．for
23. We usually plan to do something interesting, or go somewhere together.
要點27 something interesting 的用法
用法分析 something interesting 有趣的事情
形容詞修飾不定代詞時，放在不定代詞的后面。
Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn something new every day.
學習是一生的旅程，因為我們每天都可以學到新東西。
We are trying to do everything possible to help you.我們正盡一切可能幫助你。
指人的不定代詞：
someone 某人
anyone 任何人
everyone 人人，每人
somebody 某人
anybody 任何人
everybody 人人
nobody 沒有人
指物/事的不定代詞：
something 某物；某事
anything 任何物；任何事
everything 每件事；所有事物
nothing 沒有什么；沒有一件東西
【新題速遞】—Tina, did you buy ___A___ when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
anything special B．special anything C．something special
24. In many eastern European countries, you are supposed/expected to take off your gloves before shaking hands. 在許多東歐國家，在握手之前你應該摘下你的手套。
要點28 take off 的用法
用法分析 take off在此處意為“脫下（衣服）”，為“動詞+副詞”型詞組。
其反義短語為 put on “穿上”。
Take off your coat. It’s too hot. = Take your coat off. It’s too hot. 脫下你的外套。太熱了。
Your shoes look dirty. You should take them off. 你的鞋子看起來臟了。你應該把它們脫下來。
take off還可意為“（飛機等）起飛”。
The plane took off an hour late. 飛機起飛晚了一個小時。
【拓展延伸】含off的其他常用短語：
【新題速遞】
1.What bad weather! The plane can’t B from the airport on time.
A.put off B. take off C. turn off D. get off
2.I will have a meeting tomorrow, so I have to A my trip to Beijing.
A.put off B. go off C. cut off D. take off
3.與人握手時脫下手套是一種禮貌。(take)
It is polite ____to take off_____ your gloves when you shake hands with others.
25. ...but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.……但是如果你想理解另一種文化，這種麻煩是值得的。
要點29 worth 的用法
用法分析 worth作形容詞，意為“值得；有……價值（的）”，常用搭配：
China Daily is worth reading. We can learn a lot from it. 《中國日報》值得讀。我們能從中學到很多。
The museum is certainly worth a visit. 這家博物館的確值得參觀。
The ring is worth 5,000 yuan. 這枚戒指值5000元。
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鳥在手勝過雙鳥在林。（諺語）
【新題速遞】
1.I don’t think this movie is worth D .
A.to watching B. to watch C. watch D. watching
2.I think the book is B worth . You’d better the chance.
A.very; reading; not to miss B.well; reading; not miss
C. well; reading; not to miss D.very; reading; not miss
要點30【易混辨析】重點：another, other, others, the other與the others
another 表示泛指，指三者或三者以上中的“另一個”，其后可以接可數名詞單數；也可用作代詞
other 表示泛指，意為“其余的；另外的”，常與可數名詞復數連用
others 表示泛指，意為“其他的”，指除去某些后剩下的一部分，相當于“other+可數名詞復數”
the other 表示特指，指兩者中的另一個one...the other...“一個……，另一個……”
the others 表示特指，指一定范圍內除去某些后剩下的全部，相當于“the other+可數名詞復數”
This glass is broken. Please give me another one. 這個玻璃杯破了。請再給我一個。
Some students are reading and other students are writing. 一些學生在閱讀，另一些學生在寫字。
Some designs are better than others. 有一些設計比其他的好。
Mary has two cousins. One is quiet, and the other is noisy. 瑪麗有兩個堂弟，一個很安靜，另一個很吵鬧。
There are 40 balls here. 10 are blue, and the others are red. 這里有40個球。10個是藍色的，其余的是紅色的。
【新題速遞】
1.Some people are too shy to say a word in public. However, C aren’t.
A.another B.the other C.others D.the others
2.This cake is delicious! Can I have B piece, please
A. other B. another C. others D. the other
3.Mr. turner bought two bikes. One was for his wife, and C was for his son.
A. another B. other C. the other D. one
4.There are twenty-eight students in the class. Ten of them are girls and B are boys.
A. the other B. the others C. others D. other
26.After class, students _____ clean the chalk off the blackboard.
要點31 clean... off 的用法
用法分析 clean... off 把……擦掉
clean... off是“動詞+副詞”結構，名詞作賓語時，可以放在兩詞中間，也可以放在副詞之后；
代詞作賓語時，只能放在兩詞之間。
He tried to clean the mud off.= He tried to clean off the mud.
他試著把泥擦掉。
Look at the dirt on your shoes. Please clean it off.看看你鞋上的灰塵。請把它擦掉。
Your room is dirty. Please clean it up.
你的房間臟了。請把它打掃干凈。
You need to clean out the drawers of your desk.你需要把你書桌的抽屜徹底清理干凈。
clean 的其他常見短語：
clean up 打掃干凈
clean out 把……內部徹底打掃干凈
【新題速遞】In China, people usually ___A___ their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival.
A. clean up B. look up
C. make up D. put up
要點32 chalk 的用法
用法分析 chalk /t k/ n. 粉筆
chalk 作 “粉筆”講時, 一般用作不可數名詞，但說“各種顏色的粉筆”時，則要用復數。
Please write with chalk. 請用粉筆寫。
Can you get a box of coloured chalks for me 你能為我拿一盒彩色粉筆嗎？
chalk 的常用短語： a piece of chalk 一支粉筆
a box of coloured chalks 一盒彩色粉筆
27.If you visit the northern coast of Norway during the winer season, it ______ pack warm clothes.
要點33 northern 的用法
用法分析 northern /'n (r) (r) n/ adj. 北方的；北部的
northern 是由north(北，北方) +ern 構成。
Dongting Lake is in the northern part of Hunan Province. 洞庭湖在湖南省的北部。
小貼士: 在表示方位的名詞詞尾加-ern 可構成形容詞。類似的詞還有：
east + -ern → eastern(東方的；東部的)
west + -ern → western(西方的；西部的)
south + -ern → southern(南方的；南部的)
【新題速遞】Beijing is in __B__ China and China is a(n) _____ country.
A．north; western B．northern; eastern
C．south; eastern D．east; west
28.If there are people in the meeting room, you ______ knock before entering.
要點34 knock 的用法
用法分析 knock /n k/, /nɑ k/ v. 敲；擊 n. 敲擊聲；敲擊
① knock 可作不及物動詞，指出聲地、連續地擊打。knock at/ on the door 意為“敲門”。
One day, success will knock at your door.總有一天，成功會敲你的門。
② knock 還可以作可數名詞，意為“敲擊聲；敲擊”。
Suddenly, there was a knock on the door. 突然有敲門聲。
格言諺語記單詞：
Opportunity knocks but once. 機不可失，時不再來。
拓展：knock 還可作及物動詞，意為“碰；撞”。
knock sth. on sth. 某物撞/ 碰某物；knock sb. down 撞倒某人。
Be careful, or you will knock your head on this low beam.小心，否則你將把你的頭撞在這矮梁上。
When I turned around, I nearly knocked the little girl down.當我轉身時，我差點撞倒這個小女孩。
【新題速遞】It’s polite to knock at the door before entering the office.
29.table manners
要點35 manner 的用法
用法分析 manner /'m n (r) / n. 方式 ；方法 (pl.) 禮貌；禮儀
manners 意思是“禮貌”，它常以復數形式出現。
manner 的常用短語：
① table manners 餐桌禮儀
② have good manners 有禮貌
③ have bad manners 沒有禮貌
It’s one of the good table manners in China to ask the old to eat first.
請老人先吃飯是中國良好的餐桌禮儀之一。
It’s important for us to have good manners.有禮貌對我們來說很重要。
It’s bad manners to ask others personal questions, such as age and marriage.
詢問別人個人問題是沒禮貌的，比如年齡和婚姻。
拓展：manner 還可意為“方式；方法”“態度；舉止”，常用單數形式。
in a ... manner 以……方式。
His manner was polite but cool. 他舉止有禮但很冷漠。
Manners make the man.禮貌造就人。（諺語）
【新題速遞】It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.
要點36 be supposed to 與be expected to 的用法
辨析
be supposed to
概述 be supposed to do sth. 意為“應該做某事”，其中to為不定式符號，后跟動詞原形，可與 should do sth. 互換。它可以用來表示勸告、建議、義務、責任，或按規定、習慣、安排等應當做某事。
用法 主語是人，意為“應該”，用來表示勸告、建議、責任等。①
當主語是“物”時，be supposed to 意為“本應；本該”，用來表示“某事本應該發生而沒有發生”。②
形式 否定形式： be not supposed to do sth. “不應該做某事”，表示命令或禁止。 ③
一般疑問句：Be sb. supposed to do sth. ④
be expected to be expected to do sth. 意為“被期待做某事”，表達的主觀性比be supposed to do sth.強。to是動詞不定式符號，后接動詞原形。⑤
You’re supposed to learn more knowledge to support your dream.你應該多學知識去支持你的夢想。
【新題速遞】1、翻譯句子You are supposed to ask your teacher for help.
_____你應該向你的老師求助。/ 你應該找你的老師幫忙。____
2、作為新一代，我們應該努力工作。
As a new generation, we ___are___ ____supposed___ ___to___ work hard.
The train was supposed to arrive ten minutes ago.火車本應該在十分鐘前就到達了。
You aren’t supposed to talk loudly in the hospital.你不應該在醫院里大聲講話。
Are you supposed to help your parents do housework 你應該幫你的父母做家務嗎？
拓展：be supposed to 還可意為“被認為是”。
This is supposed to be the oldest building in the city.這被認為是這座城市里最古老的建筑物。
She is expected to be a good doctor. 她有望成為一名好醫生。
【新題速遞】3、—Can he get the first prize in the race
—He __D__ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.
A. will expect to do B. is expected doing
C. has expected doing D. was expected to do
4、Borrowers are expected ____to return____ (return) books on time.
要點37 It is + adj .(+ for/ of sb.) + to do sth. 句型的用法
用法分析
It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) + to do sth. 的句型 It is + adj .+ to do sth.做某事是……的①
It is + adj .+ for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是……的②
It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的 ③
It’s important to prevent teenagers from being bullied.防止青少年被欺凌是很重要的。
It’s popular to hire a boat and row on the lake. 租一條船在湖上劃是受歡迎的。
【新題速遞】1、It’s polite to ___say___ (say) thank you when someone helps you.
It is very difficult for them to work out the math problem.對他們來說算出這道數學題很難。
It’s very important for us to develop a good reading habit. 養成一個良好的閱讀習慣對我們來說很重要。
特別提醒：此句型中的形容詞為描述事物特征的詞，
如difficult, important, easy, hard, necessary, possible, dangerous, impossible 等，是說明動詞不定式的。
【新題速遞】2、對學生們來說，知道學習的重要性是必要的。
It’s ____necessary____ for students ___to___ ___know___ the importance of studying.
③　 It is impolite of you to say that.你那樣說是不禮貌的。
It is kind of you to make dinner for us all tonight. 你今晚為我們所有人做晚飯，真是太好了。
特別提醒: 此句型中的形容詞為描述人物品質或性格特征的詞，
如clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, polite 等，用來形容of 后的sb.。
【新題速遞】3、It’s careful __A___ you to find out the difference between the twins.
of B. for C. to D. on
4、It’s kind of you ___to help___ (help) the old cross the road.
拓展：It’s + adj. + that 從句，其中形容詞用來修飾從句。
It is necessary that we learn and pass on our traditional Chinese medicine culture.
學習和傳承我們的傳統中醫文化是有必要的。
It’s true that hard work leads to success. 勤奮工作通向成功，這是事實。

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