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(共38張PPT)
人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)
SectionA
Grammar focus
Unit 2 No Rules No Order !
Learning objectives
1.用祈使句、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can、must及have to來表達(dá)各種規(guī)章制度；
2. 能夠在老師的引導(dǎo)下，通過觀察、討論、歸納等課堂活動(dòng)，探究情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must和have to以及肯否定祈使句的用法，
3.在談?wù)撘?guī)章制度的過程中，了解常見規(guī)則，懂得規(guī)則的重要性，形成遵守規(guī)則的意識(shí)。
Warming-up
What kind of interesting sentences did you notice in the video
...
Turn back!
Don’t be late!
Let’s go!
Just go to bed!
Take a deep breath!
Be careful!
Hold it!
Run away!
Go to bed now!
Believe in me!
We have to move its paw.
I can’t cook.
祈使句&情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
Can we bring our phones to class No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
在 祈使句中 和 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，動(dòng)詞均用原形。
祈使句中
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后
Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms Why
3a
Grammar Focus
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
1. 什么是祈使句？
祈使句一般用來表示命令、請(qǐng)求、勸說、號(hào)召、警告、禁止等。
語法概述
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
2. 祈使句的特點(diǎn)？
通常省略主語you
其肯定形式常以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，否定形式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加don’t。
祈使句句尾用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)。
Can you find the
sentence pattern
肯定句：
否定句：
V原 + 其他。
Don’t + V原+ 其他。
Do 型祈使句
Don't eat in the classroom.
不要在教室吃東西。
Eat in the dinning hall.
在食堂吃東西。
3. 祈使句的類型？
肯定句：
否定句：
Be + 其他.
Don’t + be + 其他.
Be 型祈使句
Be careful next time.
下次要細(xì)心。
Don’t be late for school!
上學(xué)不要遲到！
Can you find the
sentence pattern
Can you find the
sentence pattern
肯定句：
否定句：
Let + sb. + V原+ 其他.
Don’t+let + sb. + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他.
或Let + sb. + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他.
Let 型祈使句
Let’ s go shopping.
咱們?nèi)ベ徫锇伞?br/>Don’ t let him wear that jacket.
= Let him not wear that jacket.
不要讓他穿那件夾克衫。
Can you find the sentence pattern
No parking!
禁止停車！
No smoking!
禁止吸煙！
No+v-ing! / No+名詞！
Never give up!別放棄！
其他祈使句
No型祈使句
多為公共場(chǎng)合的提示語
多用來加強(qiáng)語氣。
為表示禮貌，可在祈使句的句首或句末加上please。當(dāng) please在句末時(shí)，要用逗號(hào)與句子其他部分隔開。
請(qǐng)遵守校規(guī)。
注意
Please follow the school rules.
＝Follow the school rules, please.
表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，可在動(dòng)詞原形前加do，意為 “一定，務(wù)必”。
一定要來看我。
Do come to see me.
祈使句
Do 型祈使句的構(gòu)成
Be 型祈使句的構(gòu)成
Let 型祈使句的構(gòu)成
No+v-ing! / No+名詞!
never 代替don’t 來加強(qiáng)語氣
總結(jié)
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
Can we bring our phones to class No,we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No,we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的作用和特點(diǎn)
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于表達(dá)說話人的態(tài)度、意愿、推測(cè)、建議、能力、義務(wù)等。
沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化；
后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形來構(gòu)成完整的謂語。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can的用法
can可表示能力、許可、請(qǐng)求等。其否定形式為can’t/cannot。
1.表示能力，意為“能，會(huì)”。
We can speak a little English. 我們會(huì)說一點(diǎn)英語。
I can play badminton, but I can’t play volleyball.
我會(huì)打羽毛球，但我不會(huì)打排球。
2.表示許可，意為“可以”。
You can play basketball at the weekend. 你可以在周末打籃球。
We can’t run in the hallways. 我們不能在走廊里奔跑。
3.表示請(qǐng)求，意為“可以”。
—Can you help me with my Chinese 你能幫助我學(xué)習(xí)中文嗎？
—Yes, I can.是的，我可以。
must表示必須。常表示說話人的主觀看法，其否定形式為mustn’t.
eg. Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock
Yes, you must.
No, you mustn’t.
No, you needn’t.
No, you don’t have to.
mustn’t 表示禁止：不許
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法
have to表示不得不。常強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。其否定形式為don’t have to“不必”。
1. 肯定句：主語+_____________+___________.
2. 否定句：主語+ _______________ have to+__________.
3. 一般疑問句：__________+ 主語+ have to+__________
Yes, 主語+_________./No, 主語+____________.
do/does
don’t/doesn’t
have/has to
動(dòng)詞原形
動(dòng)詞原形
動(dòng)詞原形
Do/Does
don’t/doesn’t
有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化
Must & Have to
二者均可表示“必須”，其后均接動(dòng)詞原形。
但是，have to 表示客觀條件要求某人不得不做某事
must 表示某人主觀意愿上必須或者有義務(wù)要做某事
注意
He has to leave school because his family is poor.
因?yàn)榧依锔F，他不得不退學(xué)。(受客觀因素影響)
We must do something about it.
關(guān)于這件事我們必須做點(diǎn)什么。(責(zé)任感的驅(qū)使)
【拓展延伸】
以must開頭的一般疑問句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
—Must I leave now 我現(xiàn)在必須離開嗎？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t (don’t have to). 是的，你必須。/不，你不必。
1．—Can you speak English, Ling ling
—Yes, I ________.
A．must B．can C．should D．may
2．Lucy is good at basketball. She ________ play basketball very well.
A．can B．can’t C．may D．need
3．－Mary, _________ you speak Chinese
－Yes, only a little.
A．must B．can C．need D．should
4．Come and ________ us!
A．join B．joins C．joining D．to join
B
A
B
A
1. Don’t jump the queue. You _____________ wait for your turn.
插隊(duì)
等待
have to / must
social rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
2. You ________ just ask your teacher a question in class. You _________ raise your hand first.
can’t
have to / must
class rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
3. A: Can I leave the class if
I don’t feel well
B: Yes, but you ________
tell your teacher about
it when you ________
be absent from class.
缺席
have to / must
have to / must
/ li:v / 離開
/ bs nt/
class rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
4. A: Hey! Can I look at
your book
B: Shh, we ________
talk quietly in the
library.
quiet(adj.) - quietly(adv.)
have to / must
library rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
5. A: Can you put on your seat belt
We ________ wear one
when we’re in a car.
B: Sure. Thanks!
have to / must
traffic rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
Do not eat or drink.
No eating or drinking.
You can’t / mustn’t eat or drink.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not park.
No parking.
You can’t / mustn’t park.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not take photos.
No photos.
You can’t / mustn’t take photos.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not swim.
No swimming.
You can’t / mustn’t swim.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not feed the birds.
No feeding the birds.
You can’t / mustn’t feed the birds.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean.
cinema
library
hospital
park
school dining hall
3d
Sample:
library rules
In the library, we must keep quiet first. We mustn’t make noise.
Second, we can’t bring any food or drink to the library. We must keep it clean and tidy.
What’s more, we have to return the books after we finish reading.
Let’s make the library a better place for us to study.
1. They can play the violin and the drums. （對(duì)畫線部分提問）
________ __________ they _________
2. You can go swimming with us this afternoon.（改為一般疑問句）
_______ you _______ swimming with us this afternoon
3. —Must I keep the window open all day （作否定回答）
—No, you ___________________.
Can
What
can
一、根據(jù)要求完成句子
do
go
needn’t / don’t have to
Exercises
1. — Max, ______be afraid of speaking in front of people. You
are the best!
— OK, I won’t.
A. doesn’t B. not C. isn’t D. don’t
2. — _______ I take photos here
— Sorry, you can’t.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
3. Look! The sign on the wall says, “No _______!”
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoked D. smoking
D
二、單項(xiàng)選擇
C
D
Homework
常規(guī)作業(yè)：1. 完成練習(xí)冊(cè)第三課時(shí)；
2. 總結(jié)本節(jié)課所學(xué)到的祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
拓展作業(yè)：選擇一個(gè)自己熟悉的場(chǎng)景，如家庭、學(xué)校走廊等，用祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞制定規(guī)則，并畫成標(biāo)識(shí)。
謝謝
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