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初中時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)講義及練習(xí)
（初中八大時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解+專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)）
Part one : 一般時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉每種時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. do/does sth； sb. am/is /are…
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 He goes to work every day.
表示現(xiàn)存的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài) Mike is an American.
表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。 The Earth goes around the sun.
特殊用法： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)
1) 下列動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。這主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情(即按照固定時(shí)間表將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)。
e.g. The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
e.g. When does the bus start It starts in ten minutes
2) 在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，即主將從現(xiàn)。（常常是 if 、as soon as、when引導(dǎo)）
e.g. If it rains, we won’t go to the park.
e.g. I will call you as soon as I arrive.　
3) 倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
e.g. Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
e.g. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
a) often、always、usually、sometimes、once a week 、everyday等頻度副詞。
b) on Saturday 、everyday、in the morning等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
c) once a week ,twice a month, three times a week 之類(lèi)表示頻率的副詞。
4. 動(dòng)詞三單變化規(guī)則：
a) 一般直接在詞尾加 s
如：work-works live-lives make-makes
b) 以s, x, ch, sh，o等結(jié)尾的單詞加 es ,
如： miss-misses fix-fixes, teach-teaches,
c) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i加 es ,
如： fly-flies， cry-cries
d) 特殊情況：
動(dòng)詞 have ，遇到主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 has；
Be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式是 is。
Does Peter like to watch TV __________.
A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes
They _________ on a farm.
A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked
How ___________ he go to work He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does go B. do; goes C. do go D. does; goes
Unless the weather __________, we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve
_____ she _____ home at six every day
A. Is, leave B. Does, leave C. Is, leaves D. Does, left
2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)
結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. did sth.; sb. was/were…
用法：
用法 例句
表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) I ate some cake just now.
表示過(guò)去階段中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) I used to listen to the radio in the morning.
時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：
（two hours， 10days…）ago, last (year, night, month…), yesterday, the day before yesterday, 具體過(guò)去時(shí)間, just now, at the age of, one day, long long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), 表示對(duì)過(guò)去的回憶或雙方都知道是過(guò)去的事件的時(shí)候往往省略時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，etc.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則
一般情況，直接加ed，e.g. work-- worked
以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d， e.g. live --lived
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed e.g. study studied
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母+ed e.g. stop stopped
不規(guī)則變化特殊背：
have/has -- had, eat--ate, see—saw， am/is—was, are-were,
go—went, do--did， take--took, run--ran, lend--lent,
sleep—slept say-said give-gave, get-got, go-went
come-came, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, write-wrote …
— There is someone knocking at the door.
—It must be the computer repairman. I _____________ him to come to fix my computer.
A. call B. calls C. called D. will call
I _____but _____ nothing.
A. was listened; was hearing B. listened; heard
C. have listened; heard D. listened; heard of
I____ my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening.
A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish
Jane _________ to answer the difficult questions that was _________ by the teacher.
A. rose…raised B. raised…risen
C. rose…risen D. raised…raised
She lived there before he ________to China.
A. came B. comes C. come D. coming
Father slept all day last Monday. (改一般疑問(wèn)句)
______father ______ all day last Monday
They had a party 2 days’ ago. (改為否定句)
They ________ _________ a party 2 days ago.
3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： a). will be/do;
b). am/is/are going to be/do;
c). am/is/are about to be/do
2. 用法：
用法 例句
用will/shall（shall只用于第一人稱(chēng)），表示臨時(shí)的決定，意愿，或趨勢(shì) Tomorrow will be Sunday. I will help you.
be going to+動(dòng)詞原形，表示近期或事先考慮過(guò)的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及已有跡象表明必將發(fā)生某事。 We're going to meet outside the school gate. Look at the clouds! It's going to rain.
表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。 Uncle Wang is coming. They're leaving for Beijing.
根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。 The new term starts (begins) on August 29th.
3. 時(shí)間標(biāo)志：
tomorrow， this （afternoon，weekend），next （year，month）, someday, soon, sometime, in the future, etc.
4. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： a) would＋be/do;
b) was/were going to＋be/do
c). was/were about to be/do
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻看，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 His uncle said that he would have a good harvest the next year.
在由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，if從句中需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 Amy said that she would go shopping if it didn't rain the next day.
Mary ______ to work in the west of China after she graduates from university.
A. goes B. will go C. went D. would go
Peter promised that he ______ his sister an electronic dictionary.
A. has bought B. had bought C. would buy D. will buy
We are told that the journalist ________a speech on teenage problems next Monday.
A. would make B. will make C. is making D. has made
I _______ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.
A. will return B. returned C. have returned D. return
— Excuse me, is there a double room available at the moment
— I am not sure, but just a minute, I _______ it for you.
A. check B. was checking C. will check D. have checked
一般時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、選擇題
1. The man jumped off the train as soon as it _________.
A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. would stop
2. The car _______ Mr. Li.
A. belongs to B. belongs C. is belonged D. is belonged to
3. The post office ________ now.
A. closes B. is closed C. is being closed D. closed
4. He was angry because he didn’t _________.
A. got invited B. get invited C. invite D. invited
Can you tell me whom the play ________ in 1998
A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written
The new computers _________ to the village school as presents last month.
A. are given B. given C. were given D. gave
7. — Look! What a nice garden!
— It _______ every day.
A. has been cleaned B. is cleaned
C. is being cleaned D. was cleaned
8. The doctor _______ a ________ boy yesterday.
A. saved; dying B. saved; dead
C. has saved; dead D. had saved; dying
9. I _______ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.
A. will return B. returned C. have returned D. return
10. Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you ___________ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
11. She wondered if they ___________ in Shanghai in two days.
A．a(chǎn)rrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. would arrive
12. I think it is true that Jill _________ to work today because she is on a trip.
A. has come B. came C. is coming D. will not come
13. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ____________ in our families in the future.
appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appear
14. — Excuse me, is there a double room available at the moment
— I am not sure, but just a minute, I _______ it for you.
check B. was checking C. will check D. have checked
15. Just go down the road, and you ____________ the library next to the bank.
see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
16. — Did you call Jenny
— Oh no, I forgot. I ___________ her right away.
called B. have called C. call D. will call
17. — Have you read this book
— Yes. I __________ it two weeks ago.
is reading B. have read C. will lend D. read
18. — There is someone knocking at the door.
— It must be the computer repairman. I _____________ him to come to fix my computer.
call B. calls C. called D. will call
19. Unless the weather __________ , we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve
20. Grandpa ___________ glasses when he reads.
wears B. wore C. has worn D. was wearing
二、填空題
The West Lake a__________ thousands of tourists to Hangzhou every day.
He seldom ____________ (reply) to the e-mails his friends send to him.
Zhalong Nature Reserve _____________ (gives something to sb.) food and shelter for wildlife.
I don’t know if we __________ (show) around the History Museum tomorrow afternoon.
Don’t worry about the rain. Father ___________ (drive) us to school.
The visitors _____________ (visit) the Binjiang Park as soon as the rain stops.
He f_________ off his bike this morning. As a result, his arm was broken.
The children ___________ (clap) their hands excitedly as soon as the astronauts appeared on the stage.
The big black bird ___________ (spread) its wings and flew away quickly.
Look, the expression on his face ____________ (show) that something bad must have happened to him.
His son will write to me as soon as he ___________ (pass) the exam.
He wanted the result of the test and then ___________ (draw) a conclusion.
There __________ (be) a new bridge over the Changing River in several years.
I heard that Jim ___________ (catch) a bad cold last week.
When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun ___________ (rise).
Part two 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. am/is/are doing sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示目前發(fā)生（進(jìn)行）的動(dòng)作（不指狀態(tài)） Listen! She is singing in the next room.
表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 We are planting trees these days.
與表示位移的動(dòng)詞連用表將來(lái)。 We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.
與 always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀色彩。 You are always changing your mind.
有些動(dòng)詞（狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞）不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
1. 表示知道或了解的動(dòng)詞: believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand
2. 表示“看起來(lái)”“看上去": appear, resemble, seem
3. 表示喜愛(ài)或不喜愛(ài): hate, like, lover, prefer
4. 表示構(gòu)成或來(lái)源的動(dòng)詞: be, come from, contain, include
5. 表示感官的動(dòng)詞: hear, see, smell, sound, taste
6. 表示擁有的動(dòng)詞: belong to, need, own, possess, want, wish
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
now, at the moment, at present，these days等意為“現(xiàn)在“或“現(xiàn)階段”的詞；
有l(wèi)ook, listen起提示作用時(shí)，后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
表示位移的動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來(lái)：come, go, leave, arrive, fly…
表示漸變的動(dòng)詞：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin…
It is very late at night, but Simon ______ at his lessons.
A. has still worked B. still worked C. is still working D. was still working
Please don’t make so much noise. The baby _________ now.
A. sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
– May I speak to Mrs. Black
–Sorry, mum can’t come to the phone now. She _________ a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _________ smaller and smaller.
A. become B. are becoming C. is becoming D. have become
Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you __________ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. was/were doing sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 He was playing with his toy when I saw him.
與 always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀色彩。 They were always quarrelling.
用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位移的動(dòng)詞，表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 He said that he was leaving.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
then, at that time, this time yesterday, when/while引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
過(guò)去具體的一段時(shí)間：如from 5:00 to 6:00 yesterday.
She ________ apples in her garden when I ________ to see her yesterday.
A. picked, went B. was picking, went
C. picked, was going D. was picking, was going
A: Did you notice him come in
B: No. I _______ a football game.
A. have watched B. had watching C. am watching D. was watching
As she _______ the newspaper, Granny ________ asleep.
A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell
C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell
–I didn’t see you at the beginning of the party last night.
–I ________ on my biology report at that time.
A. worked B. work C. was working D. am working
Mary _______ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、填空題
I don’t know what he ________ at present.
A. is doing B. is working C. does D. did
I was doing my homework while they ________ TV.
A. is watching B. watch C. watched D. were watching
— Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you.
—I ________ for an important phone call. Go without me.
A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D. waited
When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _______ the piano.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. Played
— Who is that lady
— She’s Miss Green . She __________ us music, and she is so good.
A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching
The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors __________ smaller and smaller.
A. become B. are becoming C. is becoming D. have become
Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones on the phones wherever they go, even while they _________ meals.
A. had B. will have C. are having D. were having
Please don’t make so much noise. The baby ___________ now.
A. sleeps B. Slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
—Hi, Nora. Is your mother at home
—Just a minute! She __________ followers in the garden.
A. plant B. is planting C. planted D. was planting
— May I speak to Mrs. Black
—Sorry, mum can’t come to the phone now. She __________ a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you _________ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
— I didn’t see you at the beginning of the party last night.
I _________ on my biology report at that time.
A. worked B. work C. was working D. am working
— Sam, let’s go and play basketball.
Not now. I _________ Dick with his English.
A. help B. helped C. am helping D. have helped
Look, so many passengers ____________ with their smart phones on the underground.
A. play B. will play C. are playing D. have played
He ____________ in the garden at present.
A. waters B. is watered C. watered D. is watering
二、填空題
These days we ____________ (try) our best to get good marks in the exam.
Look! The people in the river ____________ (swim).
— Look at the twins.
Oh, they __________ (make) a model plane happily.
The snow had stopped when she woke up and the sun __________ (shine) brightly.
John ___________ (chat) with his son while his wife was cooking in the kitchen.
Do you know two young men __________ (rob) the jewelry shop this time yesterday
— I called you yesterday afternoon, but you were out.
Oh, I _____________ (watch) a football match on the playground.
Tom __________ (argue) with his father when I came to his house.
We clapped our hands while the performers ____________ (march) across the park.
Don’t disturb me while I _____________ (write) a report about wildlife.
Never trouble the children while they each ____________ (sleep) in my room.
The speech must be wonderful. The students ___________ (clap) their hands again.
Look, the girl ____________ (type) her composition quickly on the computer.
— Can’t you hear me, Tom
Louder, please. I can hardly hear you. The students ____________ (shout) so loudly.
— Who _______ you _______ for (prepare)
Andy. He is expected to come here at 3 o’clock. But he hasn’t come yet.
Part three 完成時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： sb. have/has done sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作 I have been to Beijing for 5 times.
表示在過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí) I have lived in Shanghai for 5 years.
用法精講
一. 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already， yet, just, before, once, twice等表示次數(shù)的詞, ever, never等。
e.g. I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet.
He has just gone to England.
I have never seen such fine pictures before.
I have been to England twice.
I have never been to England.
Have you ever been to England
二. 表示在過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for, since, how long, ever since, so far, up to now, till now, in the past (few years, decade, few days), recently等.
e.g. I have lived in Shanghai for thirty years/since thirty years ago.
How long have you lived in Shanghai
I have distrusted him ever since.
I have learned 5000 words so far/ up to now/till now.
I have learned many poems recently/ in the past few days.
3. have been to， have gone to, have been in辨析
have gone to sp :“已經(jīng)去了”, 還沒(méi)回
have been to sp：“去過(guò)” ，回來(lái)了
have been in /at/on sp+ 一段時(shí)間: “已經(jīng)在某地多久了” ，沒(méi)回。
e.g. --Where is Mr. Li –He has gone to the UK.
--Do you know something about Beijing –Yes, I have been to Beijing three times？
We have been in Beijing for 3 days, and we want to go home.
四.在完成時(shí)中,一個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞(一次性動(dòng)作)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,此時(shí)須將該瞬間動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
buy die
borrow put on
begin/start join
come lose
go back / return arrive/reach/get to
become leave
lose open
或者使用下面這個(gè)句型：
It is / has been + (多久)+ since + 主語(yǔ)(人)+謂語(yǔ)(過(guò)去時(shí))+……+過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
五. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
1) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;
2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。
3) 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
(X) Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(V )Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
一. 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film ” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______ ” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
二. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. Tom______ (join) the army for 3 years.
2. I ______ (enter) the room for 10 minutes.
3.How long can I ______ (borrow) your book
4. The film ______(begin) 10 minutes ago.
5. I ______ (leave) my hometown since 10 years ago.
三. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1.I put on my glasses three years ago. = I _________ my glasses for ______________.
2.I bought a pen two hours ago. = I ____________a pen for _____________.
3. The film began two minutes ago. =The film ____________ for ____________.
四. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet
2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： sb. had done sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。簡(jiǎn)言之, 過(guò)去完成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 I have learned 4000 words by the end of last term.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
by+過(guò)去時(shí)間，before+過(guò)去時(shí)間，when+過(guò)去時(shí)間， 主句為過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句….
e.g. They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.
He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.
一. 用動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.
2. We were surprised at what she ________already ______ (do)
3.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave).
4.We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.
5.Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
6. The robbers _____________ (run away) before the policemen_______ (arrive).
7.When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.
二. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten.
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
完成時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what’s happened to him.
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he
A. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met Mr. Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、-Our country ______ a lot so far .
　 -Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
　Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed; good
　Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、-These farmers have been to the United States .
　 -Really When _____ there
Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet
　　-Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have; done; finished
Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、-Do you know him well
　　- Sure. We _________ friends since ten years ago.
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、-How long have you ____ here
　 -About two months.
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
　　Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library.
　　Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
　　Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to
　　Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ______
　　A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they
19、 ______has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he ______to China
　　A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
　　C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle______ for more than 9 years.
　　A. has come here B. has started to work
　　C. has lived there D. has left the university
21. She said she __________ the principle already
A. has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
22. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from
C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
23. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
Ｃ. had completed a university D. had completed university
24. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
25. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns, piano.
26. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done
27. He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work
28. By the end of last week, they ___ the bridge.
A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed
29. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/
30. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns
　　
二. 用動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空
1. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).
2. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
3. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
4. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
5. Our plan ____________ (fail) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
6.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house. 17. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework.
8.She ____________ (not go) to Qingdao because she _____________ (be) there before.
9. He ______________ (not tell) you the news yet.
10. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.
11. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
12. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
13.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).
三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1、The old man _________ last year. （動(dòng)詞填空）(die)
He _________ _________ _________for a year.
It _________ _________ _________ since he _________.
2、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 This factory ________ ________ ________ for twenty years.
3、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour.
4、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句）
　 Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.
5、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 _______ _______ _______two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

Part four 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 掌握八種時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)
一.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定義：
如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(即某人做某事),便叫主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；
如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
e.g. I made a cake. （主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
A cake was made by me. （被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
二.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成是be done
八種時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)見(jiàn)下表：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一 般 將 來(lái) 時(shí)
am/is/are + p.p. was/were +p.p. will + be+ p.p. am/is/are +going to+ be + p.p.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò) 去 進(jìn) 行 時(shí) 過(guò) 去 將 來(lái) 時(shí)
am/is/are+ being +p.p. was/were+ being+ p.p. would +be+ p.p. was /were +going to+ be + p.p.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
have(has)+been+ p.p. had +been+ p.p.
動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)：being done Being respected is important.
不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)：to be done A plan need to be made.
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be done A decision must be made by you.
三.注意點(diǎn)：
1. “動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)”改為被動(dòng)時(shí),可以用間接賓語(yǔ)做被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)也可以用直接賓語(yǔ)做被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。
①將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)保持不變；
②將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。
His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.
→ A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.
2.有些動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，后面接不帶to的不定式，但如果改為被動(dòng)，則需把省略的to加上，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有hear, watch, make, help, let，see等
如：The boss made the man work. →The poor man was made to work.
My brother and I have __________her birthday party. 　
A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to
Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen
C. be listened D. is listened
Young trees ______ well when they are dry.
A water B waters C must be watered D were watered
These books _____ out of the reading room. You have to read them here.
A can’t take B must be taken C can take D mustn’t be taken
When all the work _____. You may go back home.
A finishes B has finished C is finished D are finished
English ______ in many countries.
A is speaking B. is spoken C. speaks D. has spoken
My birds _______ by one of my best friends when I’m away.
A. will be look after B. will be looked after
C. be looked after D. will been look after
My father ______ not to smoke any more.
A. told B. tells C. are told D. is told
The sports meeting _____ last weekend.
A.is holding B. is held C. was held D. were held
時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)綜合練習(xí)
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇
Is John coming to your party tonight No, he _____ with his boss about the job.
A. discusses B. will discuss C. has discussed D. discussed
I don’t know when Mrs. Li______ for Canada, but I’ll try my best to_______ you ______ as soon as possible.
A. leaves, will let, know B. will leave, will tell, know
C. will leave, let, know D. will leave, will tell, \
_______ I was walking past her room， I saw her______ next to the window.
A. While, sit B. While, sits C. When, sit D. When, sitting
The old man must ________ politely.
A. be spoken B. be spoken with C. speak D. be spoken at
Nobody but Mary and Jane______ in the reading room yesterday.
A. were B. was C. had been D. would be
There's something wrong with our new product. We ______a lot of complaints so far.
A. receive B. received C. will receive D. have received
I don't think Julia saw me at the moment because she _____ with her friends on the Internet.
A.is chatting B. was chatting C. has chatted D. would chat
In most countries cigarettes________ to anyone under 18.
A. don’t sell B. are not sold C. didn’t sell D. were not sold
Simon________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play
“Since it is raining _______, we can’t go out to play.” Said Pei Ling sadly.
A. early B. late C. now D. yesterday
Chinese athlete Wu Dajing _______ the gold medal at the Winter Games in February, 2018.
A. win B. won C. will win D. has won
Black tea _______ in China during the Ming Dynasty as a way to keep tea fresh.
A. invented B. is invented C. is inventing D. was invented
After she _______ a huge breakfast at the hotel, she set out on foot down Nanjing Road.
A. had eaten B. was eating C. has eaten D. have eaten
Many leaders ____ to attend the Closing Ceremony of Winter Olympics in February.
A.be invited B. have been invited C. will be invited D. were invited
Rose and Minnie ____ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank.
A. knows B. know C. have known D. had known
Kevin____ in his room when the big fire broke out.
A. sleep B. slept C. was sleeping D. will sleep
Mark ________very hard in the university and was made Chairman of the students' union.
A. studied B. studies C. will study D. are studying
The volunteers _______a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival.
A. will collect B. have collected C. was collecting D. had collected
The old couple ________not to trust any strangers when they were cheated last time.
A. are told B. would be told C. were told D. will be told
The traffic in Shanghai will become better if everyone______ the traffic rules.
A. will obey B.is obeying C. obey D. obeys
Tom_____ in the factory for three years before he joined the army.
A. has worked B. worked C. had worked D. will work
Mr. White ________English in school for seven years since he first visited China.
A. teaches B. taught C. is teaching D. has taught
Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.
A. is built B. was built C. has been built D. will be built
My brother _____ the Indian film Dangal when I made a phone call to him yesterday.
A. watches B. has watched C. is watching D. was watching
Mrs. White and her daughter __ in England for twelve years before they moved to Denmark.
A. live B. were living C. have lived D. had lived
Professor Stephen Hawking from a serious disease in his early twenties.
A. suffered B. suffers C. will suffer D. is suffering
They the big fire before I returned with some people to help.
A. are putting out B. put out C. had put out D. would put out
It is 4:30 p.m. Ben and Leon______ their work, so they are playing chess now.
A. are finishing B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
The manager asked Tom if he______ for the extra work the next weekend.
A. comes B. will come C. would come D. had come
--- These plans are all nice. I haven't decided which one to choose.
---It's OK. You_________ plenty of time to decide.
A. gave B. were given C. will give D. will be given
In April, the weather in some places changes a lot. People remember when they have________ four seasons in one week.
A. organized B. described C. expressed D. experienced
He said that he ____ to teach kids in the orphanage .孤兒院. after he graduated from school.
A. will volunteer B. would volunteer C. has volunteered D. is volunteering
My deskmate _______ up very late last night and now he has fallen asleep in class.
A. stays B. has stayed C. stayed D. had stayed
If an area _______ by flooding, the government will face very serious difficulties.
A. affects B. is affected C. will be affected D. was affected
It is still unknown how AI.人工智能）_______the way of our life as well as the world.
A. change B. changed C. will change D. was changing
Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing. he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.
A. works B. has worked C. had worked D. would work
It is reported that the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country_______ soon.
A. have reduced B. were reduced C. have reduced D. will be reduced
He______ a walk with his wife in the garden from seven to eight last night.
A. was taking B.is taking C. took D. would take
The film Amazing China shows us great changes______ in China in the past years.
A. take place B. had taken place C. have taken place D. took place
The famous lawyer_____ by a news reporter from China Daily just now.
A. has interviewed B. was interviewed C. is interviewing D. is interviewed
The writer told us that he _____ a great number of short stories in the last few years.
A. wrote B. was written C. has written D. had written
We’re proud that the 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2022.
A. will hold B. was held C. will be held D. has held
The writer _______ his new book in the hall of our university at the moment.
A. introduces B. is introducing C. introduced D. would introduce
So far, the little boy _______ to 21 countries with his parents and two sisters.
A. was travelling B. had travelled C. has travelled D. is travelling
Workers _______ the construction of Underground Line 23 by the year of 2025.
A. completed B. will complete C. complete D. had completed
By 8 p.m. that day, the young deliveryman _____ nearly 150 packages in the city.
A. delivered B. has delivered C. had delivered D. would deliver
–There is someone knocking at the door.
--It must be Jim. I_____ him to meet us before we go hiking together.
A. call B. calls C. called D. will call
Only 3 per cent of the world’s water is fresh water. The rest _______ salt water.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
If you live in Beijing or Shanghai, you can try out the Mobike app just to see how many bikes ______ around you.
A. are parking B. are parked C. will park D. will be parked
________ the coat in water! Have it dry cleaned.
A. Not wash B. Don’t wash C. Not washing D. Not to wash
二. 改寫(xiě)句子
We have done many things to protect our environment. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Many things have ________ ________to protect our environment.
The nurses took good care of the patients in the hospital. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The patients ______ ______ good care of by the nurses in the hospital.
The workers will widen some roads in our city next year. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Some roads will _________ _________ in our city next year.
A little boy invented a housework robot for his mother last month. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
A housework robot __________ __________ by a little boy last month.
Do you know when Henry Ford invented the world’s first assembly line (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Do you know when the world’s first assembly line ___________ ___________ by Henry Ford
Our laws protect the innocent people in all fields of life. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The innocent people _______ _______ by our laws in all fields of life.
We must freeze the dough in the fridge for eight hours. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The dough must ____________ ____________in the fridge for right hours.
The government made laws to prevent the wild space from the pollution. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Laws _______ _______ by the government to prevent the wild space from the pollution.
The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The Plates _______ _______ away by the waiter after we finished eating.
Millions of people visited the website to purchase things at the shopping gala. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The website ____________ ____________by millions of people to purchase things at the shopping gala.
They teach each scout how to survive in difficult environments. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Each scout how to survive in difficult environments.
They organized an English speech contest two weeks ago. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
An English speech contest _______ _______ by them two weeks ago.
We will build another superstore in our town next year. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Another superstore will__________ __________in our town next year.
The waitress took away the plates after we finished eating. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The plates ______ ______ away by the waitress after we finish eating.
We raised a lot of money for the poor children in the west of China. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
A lot of money ________ ________ for the poor children in the west of China.
The teacher told the students to pick the balloon with his or her name on. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The students _________ _________ to pick the balloon with his or her name on.
They have built two new hotels near the airport. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Two new hotels have _______ _______ near the airport.
They repair the roof of the building once a year. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The roof of the building ________ ________ once a year.
We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The hand-made chocolate should ________ ________ in a low temperature.
Scientists will invent more amazing materials to save our lives. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
More amazing materials will ________ ________ to save our lives by scientists.
The government will rebuild the tower to honor the hero in the war. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The tower will________ ________by the government to honor the hero in the war.
They didn't tell me about the terrible accident happened this morning. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
I about the terrible accident happened this morning.
Tom gave Judy and her sister some advice on self-protection. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Judy and her sister ________ ________some advice on self-protection.
Some tourists discovered an old water town with a long history. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
An old water town with a long history _______ _______by some tourists
The teacher told the students to do more English reading after class．（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The students ______ _______ to do more English reading after class.初中時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)講義及練習(xí)
（初中八大時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解+專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)）
Part one : 一般時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉每種時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. do/does sth； sb. am/is /are…
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 He goes to work every day.
表示現(xiàn)存的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài) Mike is an American.
表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。 The Earth goes around the sun.
特殊用法： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)
1) 下列動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。這主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情(即按照固定時(shí)間表將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)。
e.g. The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
e.g. When does the bus start It starts in ten minutes
2) 在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，即主將從現(xiàn)。（常常是 if 、as soon as、when引導(dǎo)）
e.g. If it rains, we won’t go to the park.
e.g. I will call you as soon as I arrive.　
3) 倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
e.g. Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
e.g. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
a) often、always、usually、sometimes、once a week 、everyday等頻度副詞。
b) on Saturday 、everyday、in the morning等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
c) once a week ,twice a month, three times a week 之類(lèi)表示頻率的副詞。
4. 動(dòng)詞三單變化規(guī)則：
a) 一般直接在詞尾加 s
如：work-works live-lives make-makes
b) 以s, x, ch, sh，o等結(jié)尾的單詞加 es ,
如： miss-misses fix-fixes, teach-teaches,
c) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i加 es ,
如： fly-flies， cry-cries
d) 特殊情況：
動(dòng)詞 have ，遇到主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 has；
Be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式是 is。
Does Peter like to watch TV __________.
A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes
They _________ on a farm.
A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked
How ___________ he go to work He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does go B. do; goes C. do go D. does; goes
Unless the weather __________, we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve
_____ she _____ home at six every day
A. Is, leave B. Does, leave C. Is, leaves D. Does, left
2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)
結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. did sth.; sb. was/were…
用法：
用法 例句
表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) I ate some cake just now.
表示過(guò)去階段中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) I used to listen to the radio in the morning.
時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：
（two hours， 10days…）ago, last (year, night, month…), yesterday, the day before yesterday, 具體過(guò)去時(shí)間, just now, at the age of, one day, long long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), 表示對(duì)過(guò)去的回憶或雙方都知道是過(guò)去的事件的時(shí)候往往省略時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，etc.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則
一般情況，直接加ed，e.g. work-- worked
以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d， e.g. live --lived
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed e.g. study studied
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母+ed e.g. stop stopped
不規(guī)則變化特殊背：
have/has -- had, eat--ate, see—saw， am/is—was, are-were,
go—went, do--did， take--took, run--ran, lend--lent,
sleep—slept say-said give-gave, get-got, go-went
come-came, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, write-wrote …
— There is someone knocking at the door.
—It must be the computer repairman. I _____________ him to come to fix my computer.
A. call B. calls C. called D. will call
I _____but _____ nothing.
A. was listened; was hearing B. listened; heard
C. have listened; heard D. listened; heard of
I____ my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening.
A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish
Jane _________ to answer the difficult questions that was _________ by the teacher.
A. rose…raised B. raised…risen
C. rose…risen D. raised…raised
She lived there before he ________to China.
A. came B. comes C. come D. coming
Father slept all day last Monday. (改一般疑問(wèn)句)
______father ______ all day last Monday Did sleep
They had a party 2 days’ ago. (改為否定句)
They ________ _________ a party 2 days ago. Didn’t have
3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： a). will be/do;
b). am/is/are going to be/do;
c). am/is/are about to be/do
2. 用法：
用法 例句
用will/shall（shall只用于第一人稱(chēng)），表示臨時(shí)的決定，意愿，或趨勢(shì) Tomorrow will be Sunday. I will help you.
be going to+動(dòng)詞原形，表示近期或事先考慮過(guò)的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及已有跡象表明必將發(fā)生某事。 We're going to meet outside the school gate. Look at the clouds! It's going to rain.
表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。 Uncle Wang is coming. They're leaving for Beijing.
根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。 The new term starts (begins) on August 29th.
3. 時(shí)間標(biāo)志：
tomorrow， this （afternoon，weekend），next （year，month）, someday, soon, sometime, in the future, etc.
4. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： a) would＋be/do;
b) was/were going to＋be/do
c). was/were about to be/do
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻看，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 His uncle said that he would have a good harvest the next year.
在由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，if從句中需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 Amy said that she would go shopping if it didn't rain the next day.
Mary ______ to work in the west of China after she graduates from university.
A. goes B. will go C. went D. would go
Peter promised that he ______ his sister an electronic dictionary.
A. has bought B. had bought C. would buy D. will buy
We are told that the journalist ________a speech on teenage problems next Monday.
A. would make B. will make C. is making D. has made
I _______ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.
A. will return B. returned C. have returned D. return
— Excuse me, is there a double room available at the moment
— I am not sure, but just a minute, I _______ it for you.
A. check B. was checking C. will check D. have checked
一般時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、選擇題
1. The man jumped off the train as soon as it _________.
A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. would stop
2. The car _______ Mr. Li.
A. belongs to B. belongs C. is belonged D. is belonged to
3. The post office ________ now.
A. closes B. is closed C. is being closed D. closed
4. He was angry because he didn’t _________.
A. got invited B. get invited C. invite D. invited
Can you tell me whom the play ________ in 1998
A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written
The new computers _________ to the village school as presents last month.
A. are given B. given C. were given D. gave
7. — Look! What a nice garden!
— It _______ every day.
A. has been cleaned B. is cleaned
C. is being cleaned D. was cleaned
8. The doctor _______ a ________ boy yesterday.
A. saved; dying B. saved; dead
C. has saved; dead D. had saved; dying
9. I _______ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.
A. will return B. returned C. have returned D. return
10. Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you ___________ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
11. She wondered if they ___________ in Shanghai in two days.
A．a(chǎn)rrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. would arrive
12. I think it is true that Jill _________ to work today because she is on a trip.
A. has come B. came C. is coming D. will not come
13. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ____________ in our families in the future.
appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appear
14. — Excuse me, is there a double room available at the moment
— I am not sure, but just a minute, I _______ it for you.
check B. was checking C. will check D. have checked
15. Just go down the road, and you ____________ the library next to the bank.
see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
16. — Did you call Jenny
— Oh no, I forgot. I ___________ her right away.
called B. have called C. call D. will call
17. — Have you read this book
— Yes. I __________ it two weeks ago.
is reading B. have read C. will lend D. read
18. — There is someone knocking at the door.
— It must be the computer repairman. I _____________ him to come to fix my computer.
call B. calls C. called D. will call
19. Unless the weather __________ , we’ll have to cancel the picnic.
improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve
20. Grandpa ___________ glasses when he reads.
wears B. wore C. has worn D. was wearing
二、填空題
The West Lake a__________ thousands of tourists to Hangzhou every day. attracts
He seldom ____________ (reply) to the e-mails his friends send to him. replies
Zhalong Nature Reserve _____________ (gives something to sb.) food and shelter for wildlife. provides
I don’t know if we __________ (show) around the History Museum tomorrow afternoon. will be shown
Don’t worry about the rain. Father ___________ (drive) us to school. will drive
The visitors _____________ (visit) the Binjiang Park as soon as the rain stops. will visit
He f_________ off his bike this morning. As a result, his arm was broken. fell
The children ___________ (clap) their hands excitedly as soon as the astronauts appeared on the stage. clapped
The big black bird ___________ (spread) its wings and flew away quickly. spread
Look, the expression on his face ____________ (show) that something bad must have happened to him. shows
His son will write to me as soon as he ___________ (pass) the exam. passes
He wanted the result of the test and then ___________ (draw) a conclusion. drew
There __________ (be) a new bridge over the Changing River in several years. will be
I heard that Jim ___________ (catch) a bad cold last week. caught
When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun ___________ (rise). rises
Part two 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. am/is/are doing sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示目前發(fā)生（進(jìn)行）的動(dòng)作（不指狀態(tài)） Listen! She is singing in the next room.
表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 We are planting trees these days.
與表示位移的動(dòng)詞連用表將來(lái)。 We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.
與 always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀色彩。 You are always changing your mind.
有些動(dòng)詞（狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞）不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
1. 表示知道或了解的動(dòng)詞: believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand
2. 表示“看起來(lái)”“看上去": appear, resemble, seem
3. 表示喜愛(ài)或不喜愛(ài): hate, like, lover, prefer
4. 表示構(gòu)成或來(lái)源的動(dòng)詞: be, come from, contain, include
5. 表示感官的動(dòng)詞: hear, see, smell, sound, taste
6. 表示擁有的動(dòng)詞: belong to, need, own, possess, want, wish
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
now, at the moment, at present，these days等意為“現(xiàn)在“或“現(xiàn)階段”的詞；
有l(wèi)ook, listen起提示作用時(shí)，后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
表示位移的動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來(lái)：come, go, leave, arrive, fly…
表示漸變的動(dòng)詞：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin…
It is very late at night, but Simon ______ at his lessons.
A. has still worked B. still worked C. is still working D. was still working
Please don’t make so much noise. The baby _________ now.
A. sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
– May I speak to Mrs. Black
–Sorry, mum can’t come to the phone now. She _________ a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _________ smaller and smaller.
A. become B. are becoming C. is becoming D. have become
Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you __________ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. was/were doing sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 He was playing with his toy when I saw him.
與 always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀色彩。 They were always quarrelling.
用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位移的動(dòng)詞，表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 He said that he was leaving.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
then, at that time, this time yesterday, when/while引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
過(guò)去具體的一段時(shí)間：如from 5:00 to 6:00 yesterday.
She ________ apples in her garden when I ________ to see her yesterday.
A. picked, went B. was picking, went
C. picked, was going D. was picking, was going
A: Did you notice him come in
B: No. I _______ a football game.
A. have watched B. had watching C. am watching D. was watching
As she _______ the newspaper, Granny ________ asleep.
A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell
C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell
–I didn’t see you at the beginning of the party last night.
–I ________ on my biology report at that time.
A. worked B. work C. was working D. am working
Mary _______ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、填空題
I don’t know what he ________ at present.
A. is doing B. is working C. does D. did
I was doing my homework while they ________ TV.
A. is watching B. watch C. watched D. were watching
— Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you.
—I ________ for an important phone call. Go without me.
A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D. waited
When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _______ the piano.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. Played
— Who is that lady
— She’s Miss Green . She __________ us music, and she is so good.
A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching
The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors __________ smaller and smaller.
A. become B. are becoming C. is becoming D. have become
Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones on the phones wherever they go, even while they _________ meals.
A. had B. will have C. are having D. were having
Please don’t make so much noise. The baby ___________ now.
A. sleeps B. Slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
—Hi, Nora. Is your mother at home
—Just a minute! She __________ followers in the garden.
A. plant B. is planting C. planted D. was planting
— May I speak to Mrs. Black
—Sorry, mum can’t come to the phone now. She __________ a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you _________ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
— I didn’t see you at the beginning of the party last night.
I _________ on my biology report at that time.
A. worked B. work C. was working D. am working
— Sam, let’s go and play basketball.
Not now. I _________ Dick with his English.
A. help B. helped C. am helping D. have helped
Look, so many passengers ____________ with their smart phones on the underground.
A. play B. will play C. are playing D. have played
He ____________ in the garden at present.
A. waters B. is watered C. watered D. is watering
二、填空題
These days we ____________ (try) our best to get good marks in the exam. Are trying
Look! The people in the river ____________ (swim). Are swimming
— Look at the twins.
Oh, they __________ (make) a model plane happily. Are making
The snow had stopped when she woke up and the sun __________ (shine) brightly. Was shinning
John ___________ (chat) with his son while his wife was cooking in the kitchen. Was chatting
Do you know two young men __________ (rob) the jewelry shop this time yesterday Were robbing
— I called you yesterday afternoon, but you were out.
Oh, I _____________ (watch) a football match on the playground. Was watching
Tom __________ (argue) with his father when I came to his house. Was arguing
We clapped our hands while the performers ____________ (march) across the park. Were marching
Don’t disturb me while I _____________ (write) a report about wildlife. Am writing
Never trouble the children while they each ____________ (sleep) in my room. Are sleeping
The speech must be wonderful. The students ___________ (clap) their hands again. Are clapping
Look, the girl ____________ (type) her composition quickly on the computer. Is typing
— Can’t you hear me, Tom
Louder, please. I can hardly hear you. The students ____________ (shout) so loudly. Are shouting
— Who _______ you _______ for (prepare) are preparing
Andy. He is expected to come here at 3 o’clock. But he hasn’t come yet.
Part three 完成時(shí)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 熟悉現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
一. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： sb. have/has done sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作 I have been to Beijing for 5 times.
表示在過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí) I have lived in Shanghai for 5 years.
用法精講
一. 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already， yet, just, before, once, twice等表示次數(shù)的詞, ever, never等。
e.g. I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet.
He has just gone to England.
I have never seen such fine pictures before.
I have been to England twice.
I have never been to England.
Have you ever been to England
二. 表示在過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for, since, how long, ever since, so far, up to now, till now, in the past (few years, decade, few days), recently等.
e.g. I have lived in Shanghai for thirty years/since thirty years ago.
How long have you lived in Shanghai
I have distrusted him ever since.
I have learned 5000 words so far/ up to now/till now.
I have learned many poems recently/ in the past few days.
3. have been to， have gone to, have been in辨析
have gone to sp :“已經(jīng)去了”, 還沒(méi)回
have been to sp：“去過(guò)” ，回來(lái)了
have been in /at/on sp+ 一段時(shí)間: “已經(jīng)在某地多久了” ，沒(méi)回。
e.g. --Where is Mr. Li –He has gone to the UK.
--Do you know something about Beijing –Yes, I have been to Beijing three times？
We have been in Beijing for 3 days, and we want to go home.
四.在完成時(shí)中,一個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞(一次性動(dòng)作)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,此時(shí)須將該瞬間動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
buy have die be dead
borrow keep put on wear
begin/start be on join be in/be a member of
come be here lose not have
go back / return be back arrive/reach/get to be in/on/at
become be leave be away
lose be closed open be open
或者使用下面這個(gè)句型：
It is / has been + (多久)+ since + 主語(yǔ)(人)+謂語(yǔ)(過(guò)去時(shí))+……+過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
五. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
1) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;
2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。
3) 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
(X) Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(V )Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
一. 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film ” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______ ” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
Never; already; for; ever, never; yet, already
二. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. Tom______ (join) the army for 3 years. Has been in
2. I ______ (enter) the room for 10 minutes. Have been in
3.How long can I ______ (borrow) your book Keep
4. The film ______(begin) 10 minutes ago. Has been on
5. I ______ (leave) my hometown since 10 years ago. Have been away from
三. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1.I put on my glasses three years ago. = I _________ my glasses for ______________.
2.I bought a pen two hours ago. = I ____________a pen for _____________.
3. The film began two minutes ago. =The film ____________ for ____________.
1. have worn, three years. 2. Have had, two ours. 3. Has been on, two minutes
四. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. Have seen, saw
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today Not yet. Has finished
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. has come
4. Where’s Li Ming He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. Has gone
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. Have worked
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. Have made
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here For two weeks. Have stayed
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. Have finished
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. goes
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet Have found
2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1. 結(jié)構(gòu)： sb. had done sth.
2. 用法：
用法 例句
過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。簡(jiǎn)言之, 過(guò)去完成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 I have learned 4000 words by the end of last term.
3. 標(biāo)志詞：
by+過(guò)去時(shí)間，before+過(guò)去時(shí)間，when+過(guò)去時(shí)間， 主句為過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句….
e.g. They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.
He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.
一. 用動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in. had painted, moved
2. We were surprised at what she ________already ______ (do)had done
3.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave). arrived, had left
4.We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. had learnt
5.Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice. Said, had read
6. The robbers _____________ (run away) before the policemen_______ (arrive). had run, arrived
7.When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall. Finished had left
二. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten.
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
完成時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what’s happened to him.
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he
A. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met Mr. Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、-Our country ______ a lot so far .
　 -Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
　Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed; good
　Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、-These farmers have been to the United States .
　 -Really When _____ there
Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet
　　-Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have; done; finished
Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、-Do you know him well
　　- Sure. We _________ friends since ten years ago.
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、-How long have you ____ here
　 -About two months.
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
　　Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library.
　　Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
　　Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to
　　Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ______
　　A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they
19、 ______has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he ______to China
　　A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
　　C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle______ for more than 9 years.
　　A. has come here B. has started to work
　　C. has lived there D. has left the university
21. She said she __________ the principle already
A. has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
22. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from
C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
23. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
Ｃ. had completed a university D. had completed university
24. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
25. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns, piano.
26. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done
27. He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work
28. By the end of last week, they ___ the bridge.
A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed
29. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/
30. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns
　　
二. 用動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空
1. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).
2. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
3. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
4. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
5. Our plan ____________ (fail) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
6.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house. 17. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework.
8.She ____________ (not go) to Qingdao because she _____________ (be) there before.
9. He ______________ (not tell) you the news yet.
10. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.
11. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
12. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
13.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).
1. had made, died 2. Had studied left; 3. Had turned off went 4. Will go, makes 5. Failed made 6. Were having, got 7. Finished 8. Didn’t go 9. Hasn’t told10. Had given 11. Have been 12, had been 13. Was playing, was singing
三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1、The old man _________ last year. （動(dòng)詞填空）(die) died
He _________ _________ _________for a year. Has been dead
It _________ _________ _________ since he _________. Is five years died
2、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 This factory ________ ________ ________ for twenty years. has been open
3、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour. Has been away for
4、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句）
　 Her mother _______ the Party three years ________. Joined ago
5、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
　 _______ _______ _______two years ________ the Green family moved to France. It has been since

Part four 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
★★★☆☆☆ 掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 ★★★★☆☆ 掌握八種時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)
一.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定義：
如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(即某人做某事),便叫主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；
如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
e.g. I made a cake. （主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
A cake was made by me. （被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
二.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成是be done
八種時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)見(jiàn)下表：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一 般 將 來(lái) 時(shí)
am/is/are + p.p. was/were +p.p. will + be+ p.p. am/is/are +going to+ be + p.p.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò) 去 進(jìn) 行 時(shí) 過(guò) 去 將 來(lái) 時(shí)
am/is/are+ being +p.p. was/were+ being+ p.p. would +be+ p.p. was /were +going to+ be + p.p.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
have(has)+been+ p.p. had +been+ p.p.
動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)：being done Being respected is important.
不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)：to be done A plan need to be made.
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be done A decision must be made by you.
三.注意點(diǎn)：
1. “動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)”改為被動(dòng)時(shí),可以用間接賓語(yǔ)做被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)也可以用直接賓語(yǔ)做被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。
①將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)保持不變；
②將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。
His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.
→ A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.
2.有些動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，后面接不帶to的不定式，但如果改為被動(dòng)，則需把省略的to加上，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有hear, watch, make, help, let，see等
如：The boss made the man work. →The poor man was made to work.
My brother and I have __________her birthday party. 　
A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to
Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen
C. be listened D. is listened
Young trees ______ well when they are dry.
A water B waters C must be watered D were watered
These books _____ out of the reading room. You have to read them here.
A can’t take B must be taken C can take D mustn’t be taken
When all the work _____. You may go back home.
A finishes B has finished C is finished D are finished
English ______ in many countries.
A is speaking B. is spoken C. speaks D. has spoken
My birds _______ by one of my best friends when I’m away.
A. will be look after B. will be looked after
C. be looked after D. will been look after
My father ______ not to smoke any more.
A. told B. tells C. are told D. is told
The sports meeting _____ last weekend.
A.is holding B. is held C. was held D. were held
來(lái)源： 名校試卷+一模二模真題
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇
Is John coming to your party tonight No, he _____ with his boss about the job.
A. discusses B. will discuss C. has discussed D. discussed
I don’t know when Mrs. Li______ for Canada, but I’ll try my best to_______ you ______ as soon as possible.
A. leaves, will let, know B. will leave, will tell, know
C. will leave, let, know D. will leave, will tell, \
_______ I was walking past her room， I saw her______ next to the window.
A. While, sit B. While, sits C. When, sit D. When, sitting
The old man must ________ politely.
A. be spoken B. be spoken with C. speak D. be spoken at
Nobody but Mary and Jane______ in the reading room yesterday.
A. were B. was C. had been D. would be
There's something wrong with our new product. We ______a lot of complaints so far.
A. receive B. received C. will receive D. have received
I don't think Julia saw me at the moment because she _____ with her friends on the Internet.
A.is chatting B. was chatting C. has chatted D. would chat
In most countries cigarettes________ to anyone under 18.
A. don’t sell B. are not sold C. didn’t sell D. were not sold
Simon________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play
“Since it is raining _______, we can’t go out to play.” Said Pei Ling sadly.
A. early B. late C. now D. yesterday
Chinese athlete Wu Dajing _______ the gold medal at the Winter Games in February, 2018.
A. win B. won C. will win D. has won
Black tea _______ in China during the Ming Dynasty as a way to keep tea fresh.
A. invented B. is invented C. is inventing D. was invented
After she _______ a huge breakfast at the hotel, she set out on foot down Nanjing Road.
A. had eaten B. was eating C. has eaten D. have eaten
Many leaders ____ to attend the Closing Ceremony of Winter Olympics in February.
A.be invited B. have been invited C. will be invited D. were invited
Rose and Minnie ____ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank.
A. knows B. know C. have known D. had known
Kevin____ in his room when the big fire broke out.
A. sleep B. slept C. was sleeping D. will sleep
Mark ________very hard in the university and was made Chairman of the students' union.
A. studied B. studies C. will study D. are studying
The volunteers _______a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival.
A. will collect B. have collected C. was collecting D. had collected
The old couple ________not to trust any strangers when they were cheated last time.
A. are told B. would be told C. were told D. will be told
The traffic in Shanghai will become better if everyone______ the traffic rules.
A. will obey B.is obeying C. obey D. obeys
Tom_____ in the factory for three years before he joined the army.
A. has worked B. worked C. had worked D. will work
Mr. White ________English in school for seven years since he first visited China.
A. teaches B. taught C. is teaching D. has taught
Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.
A. is built B. was built C. has been built D. will be built
My brother _____ the Indian film Dangal when I made a phone call to him yesterday.
A. watches B. has watched C. is watching D. was watching
Mrs. White and her daughter __ in England for twelve years before they moved to Denmark.
A. live B. were living C. have lived D. had lived
Professor Stephen Hawking from a serious disease in his early twenties.
A. suffered B. suffers C. will suffer D. is suffering
They the big fire before I returned with some people to help.
A. are putting out B. put out C. had put out D. would put out
It is 4:30 p.m. Ben and Leon______ their work, so they are playing chess now.
A. are finishing B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
The manager asked Tom if he______ for the extra work the next weekend.
A. comes B. will come C. would come D. had come
--- These plans are all nice. I haven't decided which one to choose.
---It's OK. You_________ plenty of time to decide.
A. gave B. were given C. will give D. will be given
In April, the weather in some places changes a lot. People remember when they have________ four seasons in one week.
A. organized B. described C. expressed D. experienced
He said that he ____ to teach kids in the orphanage .孤兒院. after he graduated from school.
A. will volunteer B. would volunteer C. has volunteered D. is volunteering
My deskmate _______ up very late last night and now he has fallen asleep in class.
A. stays B. has stayed C. stayed D. had stayed
If an area _______ by flooding, the government will face very serious difficulties.
A. affects B. is affected C. will be affected D. was affected
It is still unknown how AI.人工智能）_______the way of our life as well as the world.
A. change B. changed C. will change D. was changing
Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing. he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.
A. works B. has worked C. had worked D. would work
It is reported that the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country_______ soon.
A. have reduced B. were reduced C. have reduced D. will be reduced
He______ a walk with his wife in the garden from seven to eight last night.
A. was taking B.is taking C. took D. would take
The film Amazing China shows us great changes______ in China in the past years.
A. take place B. had taken place C. have taken place D. took place
The famous lawyer_____ by a news reporter from China Daily just now.
A. has interviewed B. was interviewed C. is interviewing D. is interviewed
The writer told us that he _____ a great number of short stories in the last few years.
A. wrote B. was written C. has written D. had written
We’re proud that the 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2022.
A. will hold B. was held C. will be held D. has held
The writer _______ his new book in the hall of our university at the moment.
A. introduces B. is introducing C. introduced D. would introduce
So far, the little boy _______ to 21 countries with his parents and two sisters.
A. was travelling B. had travelled C. has travelled D. is travelling
Workers _______ the construction of Underground Line 23 by the year of 2025.
A. completed B. will complete C. complete D. had completed
By 8 p.m. that day, the young deliveryman _____ nearly 150 packages in the city.
A. delivered B. has delivered C. had delivered D. would deliver
–There is someone knocking at the door.
--It must be Jim. I_____ him to meet us before we go hiking together.
A. call B. calls C. called D. will call
Only 3 per cent of the world’s water is fresh water. The rest _______ salt water.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
If you live in Beijing or Shanghai, you can try out the Mobike app just to see how many bikes ______ around you.
A. are parking B. are parked C. will park D. will be parked
________ the coat in water! Have it dry cleaned.
A. Not wash B. Don’t wash C. Not washing D. Not to wash
二. 改寫(xiě)句子
We have done many things to protect our environment. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Many things have ________ ________to protect our environment.
The nurses took good care of the patients in the hospital. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The patients ______ ______ good care of by the nurses in the hospital.
The workers will widen some roads in our city next year. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Some roads will _________ _________ in our city next year.
A little boy invented a housework robot for his mother last month. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
A housework robot __________ __________ by a little boy last month.
Do you know when Henry Ford invented the world’s first assembly line (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Do you know when the world’s first assembly line ___________ ___________ by Henry Ford
Our laws protect the innocent people in all fields of life. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The innocent people _______ _______ by our laws in all fields of life.
We must freeze the dough in the fridge for eight hours. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The dough must ____________ ____________in the fridge for right hours.
The government made laws to prevent the wild space from the pollution. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Laws _______ _______ by the government to prevent the wild space from the pollution.
The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The Plates _______ _______ away by the waiter after we finished eating.
Millions of people visited the website to purchase things at the shopping gala. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The website ____________ ____________by millions of people to purchase things at the shopping gala.
They teach each scout how to survive in difficult environments. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Each scout how to survive in difficult environments.
They organized an English speech contest two weeks ago. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
An English speech contest _______ _______ by them two weeks ago.
We will build another superstore in our town next year. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Another superstore will__________ __________in our town next year.
The waitress took away the plates after we finished eating. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The plates ______ ______ away by the waitress after we finish eating.
We raised a lot of money for the poor children in the west of China. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
A lot of money ________ ________ for the poor children in the west of China.
The teacher told the students to pick the balloon with his or her name on. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The students _________ _________ to pick the balloon with his or her name on.
They have built two new hotels near the airport. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Two new hotels have _______ _______ near the airport.
They repair the roof of the building once a year. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The roof of the building ________ ________ once a year.
We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The hand-made chocolate should ________ ________ in a low temperature.
Scientists will invent more amazing materials to save our lives. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
More amazing materials will ________ ________ to save our lives by scientists.
The government will rebuild the tower to honor the hero in the war. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The tower will________ ________by the government to honor the hero in the war.
They didn't tell me about the terrible accident happened this morning. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
I about the terrible accident happened this morning.
Tom gave Judy and her sister some advice on self-protection. （改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Judy and her sister ________ ________some advice on self-protection.
Some tourists discovered an old water town with a long history. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
An old water town with a long history _______ _______by some tourists
The teacher told the students to do more English reading after class．（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The students ______ _______ to do more English reading after class.
1. been done
2. were； taken
3. be; widened
4. was invented
5. was invented
6. are protected
7. be；frozen
8. were; made
9. were taken
10. was；invited
11. is taught
12.was organized
13. be built
14. were taken
15. was raised
16 were told
17 been built
18. is repaired
19. be kept
20. be invented
21. be rebuilt
22. wasn’t told
23. were given
24. was discovered
25. were told

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