資源簡介

(共53張PPT)
Unit 2
I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
Period 1
Section A 1a-2d
Words
動詞短語
clean up 打掃干凈 put off 推遲 care for 照顧
cheer up 使變得高興；振奮 take off 脫；起飛 look after照顧
call up打電話；征召 cut off 切除 take care of 照顧
fix up 修理 turn off 關上 give out 分發；散發
set up 建起；設立 get off 下車 hand out 分發
get on 上車 take after 像 try out 參加…選拔
put on 穿上 look like（外貌）像
be like（性格）像
put up舉手；張貼 come up with 想出；提出
give up 放棄 give away 贈送；捐贈
make up編造
動詞短語
1.打掃干凈 推遲 照顧
2.使變得高興；振奮 脫；起飛 打電話；征召
3.切除 修理 關上
4.分發；散發 建起；設立 下車
5.分發 上車 （外貌或行為） 像
6.參加…選拔 穿上 （外貌）像
7.（性格）像 舉手；張貼 放棄
8. 編造 想出；提出 贈送；捐贈
volunteers
How could we help people
help to clean up the parks
visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up
help to plant trees
help the old people
help to give out food at the food bank
1a Look at the ways you could help people
in the picture. Then list other ways.
I hope to work outside.
You could
help to clean up the city parks.
1a Look at the ways you could help people
in the picture. Then list other ways.
Other ways you could help people
1. ________________________________
2. ________________________________
3. ________________________________
________________________________
4. ________________________________
Help to plant trees by the river
Help to clean up the city park
Visit the old people in the old people’s home
Help young kids to learn English
Listen and number the ways the boy and girl could help others.
1b
___ The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.
___ The boy could give out food at the food
bank.
___ The girl could volunteer in an after-school
study program to teach kids.
___ The boy could help to clean up the city parks.
1
2
3
4
短語動詞若有代詞作賓語，必須將代詞放于動詞與副詞之間
動詞不定式短語做目的狀語
1c Practice the conversation in the picture
above. Then make other conversations using
the information in 1b.
I hope
to work
outside.
You could help
to clean up the
city parks.
1. You could help to clean up the city parks.
你可以幫助打掃城市公園。
（1）help作動詞，意為“幫助”，后可接動詞不定式做賓補，不定式符號to可省略。即help sb. to do sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”，也可用help sb. with sth.代替。
如：I can’t help you to lift this stone.
=I can’t help you with this stone.
我不能幫你搬這塊石頭。
Language points
help也可作名詞，常用短語為with the/one’s help“在......幫助下”；without the/one’s help “沒有......的幫助”。
如：With Jim’s help , you’ll have nothing to worry about.
有了吉姆的幫助，你將不會有任何擔憂。
Language points
（2）clean up是動詞短語，意為“打掃干凈；清除干凈；整理”，其中up為副詞，接名詞作賓語時，賓語可放在后邊也可放在中間；接代詞作賓語時，必須放在中間。
如：She is cleaning the kitchen now.
=She is cleaning the kitchen up now.
她現在正在打掃廚房。
The bedroom is too dirty,please clean it up.這間臥室太臟了，請打掃干凈。
Language points
Language points
2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.這個女孩可以去醫院看望生病的孩子們使他們高興起來。
cheer up為動詞短語，意為“（使）變得更高興；振奮起來”。在短語中up為副詞，可接名詞或代詞做賓語。名詞做賓語既可以放在動詞與副詞之間，也可放在副詞之后，代詞做賓語只能放在動詞與副詞之間。
如：We all cheered up when we heard Li Na won the prize.
等我們聽到李娜贏得比賽時，我們都歡呼了起來。
I tried my best to cheer my little brother up.
我盡最大努力使我的弟弟高興起來。
Language points
3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 這個男孩可以在食物站分發食物。
give out是動詞短語，意為“分發；散發”，同義詞組為hand out。在短語中out為副詞，可接名詞或者代詞做賓語，名詞做賓語既可放在動詞與副詞之間，也可放在副詞之后；代詞做賓語只能放在動詞與副詞之間。
如：The teacher asks me to give out the exam paper.老師讓我發試卷。
The radio is giving out a strange noise.
收音機發出一種奇怪的噪聲。
give構成的詞組有：
give up 放棄 give in 屈服 give off 發出（氣味）
2a A group of students are planning a
City Park Clean-Up Day. Listen and
check (√) the things they are going to
do to tell people about it.
√
√
√
2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.
We need to _____ ____ _____ a plan to tell people about the city park clean- up.
2. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. We can’t _____ _____ making a plan.
We could _____ _____ signs.
4. Let’s make some notices, too. Then I’ll _____ them _____ after school.
5. We could each _____ _____ 10 students and ask them to come.
3. We could _____ _____ signs.
2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.
1. We need to _____ ____ _____ a plan to tell people about the city park clean- up.
2. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. We can’t _____ _____ making a plan.
3. We could _____ _____ signs.
come up with
put off
put up
put off doing
推遲做…
4. Let’s make some notices, too. Then I’ll _____ them _____ after school.
5. We could each _____ _____ 10 students and ask them to come.
give out
call up
2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.
2c Make a conversation using the
information in 2a and 2b.
We need to come
up with a plan for
the City Park
Clean-Up Day.
Let’s have
lunch first.
No, we need to
start now. Clean-Up
Day is only two
weeks from now.
4. We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up . 　
need 用實義動詞，“必要”、“必需”。有人稱、數和時態的變化，接名詞、代詞、動名詞或帶 to 的不定式作賓語。
The man needs an English dictionary when he works.
這個人在工作時需要一本英語詞典。
Do you need to see him yourself
你必需親自見他嗎？
clean up “打掃；清理”。如果在clean 和up間加個連字符號, 它就是名詞了, 意為“掃除”。
e.g. You must give your classroom a good
clean-up.
你必須對教室進行徹底地打掃。
come up with 提出（觀點，看法）。
e.g. He’s come up with a great idea. 他想出了一個絕好的辦法。
I came up with a better plan than that.
我提供了一個比那還好的計劃。
5. We can’t put off making a plan.
put off 推遲；拖延
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今日事今日畢。
We put off the game because it rained.
因下雨，我們延期了比賽。
6. We could put up signs.
put up 張貼，搭建
He put up a poster just now.
剛才， 他張貼了一張海報。
Before it got dark, they put up their tent in a field. 天黑前，他們在地里搭起了帳篷。
put on 表演; 穿上 put off 推遲; 延期
put out 熄滅; 發表 put forward 提出
put down 鎮壓; 記下 put away 收拾; 放好; 儲存; 吃; 放棄 put back 放回原處
拓展:
2d Read the conversation and
answer the questions.
Hi, Tom. I’m making some plans to work in an old people’s home this summer.
Really I did that last summer!
Role-play the conversation.
2d Answer the questions and role-play the conversation:
1 What is Helen going to do this summer
2 When did Tom volunteer
3 What did he do to help others
4 What is Tom’s advice
She is going to work in an old people’s home this summer.
Last summer.
He read the newspaper to the old people , talked to them and listened to their stories about the past and how things used to be.
They should listen to the old people and care for them.
used to “過去常常…”, 用于表示過去
的狀態或過去的習慣性動作。
He used to get up early.
他過去常常起床很早。
The river used to be clean.
這條河過去很干凈。
7. They told me stories about the past and
how things used to be. 他們告訴我關于過去的故事及曾經的事情是怎么樣的。
be used to doing 習慣于 做… use sth to do …用…來做…..
鏈接：
lonely adj. 寂寞的，孤獨的，荒涼的，偏僻的（內心） 既可作定語也可作表語
She felt lonely and sick for her parents.
她感到孤獨,十分想念她的父母。
That’s a lonely island. 那是一個荒涼的島嶼。
8. Yeah, a lot of people are lonely.
alone adj. 單獨的；獨自的（外在形體）
Though John was alone, he was not lonely.
雖然約翰獨自一個人,但他卻不感到孤單。
鏈接:
By the way, do you feel _______when you are ______
alone, lonely B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone D. lonely, lonely
解析：alone 是形容詞也可作副詞，指一個人處境孤獨但并不寂寞、悲傷的意思。 lonely是形容詞，強調內心孤獨，有寂寞、悲傷的情感。 如： He is alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.
B
Attention !
alone是表語形容詞，因此能說The man is alone，不能說an alone man，也不能說very alone。此外，alone 也可做副詞，用于動詞之后。
The old man lives _____ in a ______ house, but he never feels _______.
A. alone, lonely, lonely
B. alone, alone, lonely
C. lonely, lonely, alone
D. alone, alone, alone
A
4a
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
1. I want to ____________ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
put off
call up
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
3. Our class is trying to
____________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ________ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will ________ the money from the sale to homeless people.
come up with
cheep up
put up
hand out
give out
三.動詞不定式 Infinitive
當我們要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或決定做某事”時，就會出現兩個動詞連用的情況，這時應如何表達呢？ 同學們自然會想到 want to do sth., need to do sth.和 decide to do sth. 等表達方式。
主要行為動詞后面的動詞采用“to+動詞原形”的結構，我們把這種結構稱為動詞不定式（有時可以不帶to）。動詞不定式沒有人稱和數的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。下面我們一起來看一下動詞不定式有哪些語法功能。
1.什么是動詞不定式？
1). 不定式作賓語
動詞不定式作動詞的賓語。學習不定式
作賓語時,要注意掌握后接不定式作賓語的動
詞。常見動詞有: want, hope, wish, like, begin,
try, agree, help 等。
Many people decide not to think about it.
許多人決定不去想這件事。
I want to go to the library.
我想去圖書館。
2. 動詞不定式的主要語法功能：
動詞 + to do sth.的固定搭配：
want to do sth.
decide to do sth. ..
hope to do sth. plan to do sth.
offer to do sth. agree to do sth.
learn to do sth.
He’ll use what he has ______ her a new dress. (無錫中考) A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bought
2. --- Mum, can I have something _______ --- Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is _______ in the kitchen. (宿遷中考) A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something else C. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else
【解析】選A。不定式作定語修飾名詞或代詞時要放在后面，先排除B、D二項；由關鍵信息You can only drink some water. 可排除C。
3. (2005武漢) Mother asks me _______ computer games before finishing my homework.
A. not play B. to play C. not to play D. to not play
B
C
2). 動詞不定式作形容詞的賓語。這類形容詞有: able, afraid, angry, careful, easy等。如：
I am very happy to meet you. 我見到你很高興。
She is afraid to walk at night. 她害怕走夜路。
It is easy to understand the cartoon.看懂這部卡通片很容易。
( ) 1. He wants ______ some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys ( ) 2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing
C. to take D. taking
( ) 3. He found it very difficult ______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps
C. slept D. to fall asleep
C
A
D
[Practice]
2. 動詞不定式做賓語補足語
不定式做賓語補足語是對賓語的補充說明。
1).帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞主要有：要求允許提議(ask, allow, advise)，期望邀請鼓勵 (expect, invite, encourage)，教導告訴想要 (teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。如：
I’d invite her to have dinner at my house.
We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.
2）不帶to的不定式作賓補
在主動句里，動詞不定式在使役動詞 (make, let, have)或感官動詞 (feel, listen to, hear, look at, see, watch, notice)之后作賓補時，不定式需省去to。包括一“感覺”：feel二“聽”：hear, listen to；；三“讓”：have, let, make；四“看”：look at, notice,see, watch；半幫助help
e.g.1).I felt someone open my door.
我感覺有人開了我的門。
2).Please listen to me sing the song again.
請聽我把這首歌再唱一遍。
3).You can’t let the boy stand in the sun.
你不能讓那孩子站在太陽底下。
4).You must watch me carefully do everything.
你必須仔細觀察我所做的一切。
Notice：
感官動詞后既可跟省略to的不定式作賓補，也可跟現在分詞作賓補。其區別是：前者強調動作的全過程或經常性；后者則強調動作在進行(片斷)。
1).I heard her sing. 我聽見她唱了歌。
2).I heard her singing. 我聽見她正在唱歌。
3).帶to或不帶to的不定式作賓補
動詞help后接動詞不定式作補語，to可帶可不帶。
e.g.1).They can help you to learn English.
2).Using email English helps you write quickly.
4).不定式做賓語補足語時，如果要表達否定的意思，要在to do前加not, 構成not to do的形式。e.g.1).Tom told me not to touch anything.
2).Mother asked us not to make too much noise.
3. 不定式作狀語
不定式常常作目的狀語、原因狀語、結果狀語等。不定式作狀語時，要注意不定式的邏輯主語應與句子的主語保持一致。
e.g.1).I came to Beijing to see my grandpa.
我來北京看望我爺爺。
2).I’m glad to meet you！很高興見到你！
3).I’m too tired to walk.
我太累了，走不動了。
1）目的狀語
如果想要表達“做某事是為了什么”，可以用動詞不定式表示目的，作目的狀語。不定式做目的狀語時，可以放在句首，頁可以放在句尾。置于句首時常表示強調。
e.g.1). In order to catch the early bus, she got up very early.
2).A group of young people got together to discuss this question.
3).She came to this city to visit her daughter.
2）原因狀語，多見于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”結構句中。
e.g.1).I feel very lucky to have him.
2).He ran out of money to buy old bikes.
3）結果狀語，多見于“too ... to”，“enough to ...”結構句中。
e.g.1). I’m too tired to do it well.
2).The room is big enough for three people to live in.
A: If you could go to Thailand,
what would you like to do
B: I’d like to cheer up homeless people .
What about you
A: I’d like to ...
phrases詞組
clean up set up
cheer up put up
put off give out
hand out work outside
… …
—You bedroom is so dirty.Would you please
______ ,Peter
—OK.mum.I’ll do it right away.
A.set it up B.put it on
C.pick it up D.clean it up
2. The teacher often sings songs to _______ his students in class.
A. pick up B. cheer up C. turn up
3. Many social workers went to Ya’an to ______ clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.
A.put out B.come out C.work out D.give out
D
B
D
1. 他看起來很悲傷。我們來讓他高興起來。
He looks sad. Let’s ______ him ______.
2. 我們需要提出一些想法。
We need ____ _____ _____ _____ some ideas.
3. 我們不能推遲制定計劃。還有兩個星期就是清潔日了。
We can’t ______ ______ _____ a plan. _______ ______ is only two weeks from now.
4. 你可以分發食物。You could _____ _____ food.
5. 他們去年建立了一所學校
They ___ ___ a school last year.
cheer up
to come up with
put off making
Clean-up Day
Exercises
give out
set up
填空
I forgot to _____ its address _____, now I can’t find it.
He couldn’t ——————— an idea.
After meals, Han Mei often helps the table at home.
We have to _____ the meeting because of rain.
Young man, ! Don’t cry for the over spilt milk.
He ___ a new world record in September, 1935.
set up; cheer up; clean up; put off; come up with; write down
write down
come up with
clean up
put off
cheer up
set up
選擇詞組填空
必須記住我們學習的時間有限的。時間有限，不只由于人生短促，更由于人事紛繁。
—— 斯賓塞

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