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人教版(2024)七年級下冊英語Unit 2 No rules,no order單元語法講義(含答案)

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人教版(2024)七年級下冊英語Unit 2 No rules,no order單元語法講義(含答案)

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七年級下冊英語 Unit 2 No rules,no order 單元語法講義
一、重點詞匯用法
rule
名詞:意為 “規則;規章”,如 “traffic rules(交通規則)” ,“obey the rules(遵守規則)”。
動詞:表示 “統治;管理”,例如 “rule a kingdom(統治一個王國)” ;也有 “控制;支配” 的意思,如 “His temper rules his actions.(他的脾氣支配著他的行為)”。
arrive
到達:不及物動詞,后接地點名詞時,需搭配介詞,“arrive at + 小地點”,“arrive in + 大地點”,如 “arrive at the station(到達車站)”,“arrive in Beijing(到達北京)”。
接地點副詞:無需介詞,像 “arrive here/there/home(到達這里 / 那里 / 家)”。
進行時態表將來:“The train is arriving soon.(火車馬上就要到了)”。
have to
強調客觀必要:意為 “不得不;必須”,有人稱、時態和數的變化。一般現在時中,第三人稱單數用 “has to” ,過去式用 “had to” ,否定形式 “don't/doesn't/didn't have to” 表示 “不必”,如 “He doesn't have to go to school today.(他今天不必去上學)”。
用于各種句式:如疑問句 “Do you have to leave now (你現在必須離開嗎?)”。
either
副詞:用于否定句的句末,用逗號隔開,表示 “也”,如 “I don't like sports, and he doesn't like them either.(我不喜歡運動,他也不喜歡)”。
形容詞:意為 “(兩者中)任一的”,后接單數可數名詞,如 “either side of the road(道路的任意一邊)”。
代詞:意為 “(兩者中的)任何一個”,常與 “of” 連用,后接復數名詞或代詞賓格,作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式,如 “Either of the books is interesting.(這兩本書中的任何一本都很有趣)”。
practise
動詞:意為 “訓練;練習”,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,如 “practise the piano(練習鋼琴)”,“practise speaking English(練習說英語)”。
固定結構:常用于 “practise doing sth.” 結構,表示 “練習做某事”,也可用于被動語態,如 “The skills should be practised regularly.(這些技能應該定期練習)”。
二、重點短語
follow the school rules:遵守學校規則,如 “You should follow the school rules when you are at school.(你在學校時應該遵守學校規則)”。
be late for:遲到,例如 “Don't be late for class.(上課不要遲到)”。
arrive on time:準時到達,“Please arrive on time for the meeting.(開會請準時到達)”。
wear the school uniform:穿校服,“Students must wear the school uniform on weekdays.(學生在工作日必須穿校服)”。
put up your hand / raise your hand:舉手,“Put up your hand if you have any questions.(如果你有問題請舉手)”。
have to:不得不,“I have to finish my homework tonight.(我今晚不得不完成作業)”。
jump the queue:插隊,“It's impolite to jump the queue.(插隊是不禮貌的)”。
wait for:等待,“I'm waiting for my friend.(我在等我的朋友)”。
absent from:缺席;不在,“He was absent from school yesterday.(他昨天沒來上學)”。
put on:穿上,“Put on your coat. It's cold outside.(穿上你的外套,外面很冷)”。
school dining hall:學校食堂,“We have lunch in the school dining hall.(我們在學校食堂吃午飯)”。
keep quiet:保持安靜,“Please keep quiet in the library.(在圖書館請保持安靜)”。
make noise:制造噪聲,“Don't make noise in class.(上課不要制造噪音)”。
三、重點句型
Would you like a sweet :你要吃顆糖嗎?
回答:肯定回答 “Yes, please.” ,否定回答 “No, thank you.” ,如 “Would you like a sweet No, thank you. We can't eat snacks in class.(你要吃顆糖嗎?不,謝謝。我們不能在課堂上吃零食)”。
Oh! I'm sorry, I have to answer my phone.:哦!對不起,我得接電話。
回應:“Oh, but we can't /mustn't bring our mobile phones to class.(哦,但是我們不能 / 禁止把手機帶到課堂上)”。
We have to turn them off and put / keep them in our lockers.:我們必須關掉它們,并把它們放在儲物柜里。
Why doesn't Anne take a sweet from Tom :為什么安妮不從湯姆那里拿顆糖果?
回答需說明原因,如 “Because she knows it's not allowed in class.(因為她知道在課堂上不允許這樣做)” 。
四、語法知識
(一)祈使句
肯定祈使句
結構:動詞原形開頭,表示請求、命令、建議等 。
例句:“Open the door, please.(請打開門)” ,“Come here!(過來)” ,“Be quiet!(保持安靜)” 。
否定祈使句
結構:Don't + 動詞原形 ,表示禁止做某事。
例句:“Don't run in the classroom.(不要在教室里跑)” ,“Don't be late.(不要遲到)” ,“Don't litter.(不要亂扔垃圾)” 。
特殊祈使句
Let 型:Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 ,表示 “讓某人做某事” 。如 “Let's go to school.(讓我們去上學)” ,“Let him play basketball.(讓他打籃球)” 。
No 型:No + 名詞 / 動名詞 ,常用于公共場所的警示語,如 “No smoking!(禁止吸煙)” ,“No parking!(禁止停車)” 。
(二)情態動詞 can, have to, must 的用法
can
表示能力:意為 “能;會” ,如 “I can speak English.(我會說英語)” ,“The bird can fly.(鳥會飛)” 。
表示請求許可:常用于疑問句,意為 “可以” ,肯定回答用 “Yes, you can.” ,否定回答用 “No, you can't.” 。如 “Can I use your pen Yes, you can.(我可以用你的鋼筆嗎?是的,你可以)” 。
否定形式 can't:表示 “不能;不可以” ,如 “You can't play games here.(你不能在這里玩游戲)” 。
have to
強調客觀必要性:表示 “不得不;必須” ,有人稱、時態和數的變化 。如 “He has to go to work by bus.(他不得不乘公共汽車去上班)” ,“They had to stay at home yesterday because of the rain.(因為下雨,他們昨天不得不待在家里)” 。
否定形式:表示 “不必” ,如 “You don't have to come so early.(你不必來這么早)” 。
must
表示主觀必要性:意為 “必須” ,強調說話人的主觀看法,如 “We must study hard.(我們必須努力學習)” 。
否定形式 mustn't:表示 “禁止;不允許” ,如 “You mustn't smoke in the hospital.(你禁止在醫院吸煙)” 。
用于疑問句:Must I... 的肯定回答用 “Yes, you must.” ,否定回答用 “No, you needn't.” 或 “No, you don't have to.” 。如 “Must I finish my homework now Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.(我必須現在完成作業嗎?是的,你必須。/ 不,你不必)” 。
(三)形容詞和副詞的用法
形容詞
修飾名詞:放在名詞前,說明名詞的特征、性質等 。如 “a polite girl(一個有禮貌的女孩)” ,“a quiet classroom(一個安靜的教室)” 。
作表語:放在系動詞后,如 “She is happy.(她很開心)” ,“The book is interesting.(這本書很有趣)” 。
副詞
修飾動詞:放在動詞后,說明動作發生的方式、程度等 。如 “He runs fast.(他跑得快)” ,“She speaks English well.(她英語說得好)” 。
修飾形容詞或其他副詞:放在形容詞或其他副詞前 ,如 “very beautiful(非常漂亮)” ,“quite well(相當好)” 。
五、相關練習
(一)詞匯練習
寫出下列單詞的適當形式
rule(復數)_
arrive(第三人稱單數)_
have to(第三人稱單數)_
either(形容詞)_
practise(動名詞)_
用所給詞的適當形式填空
You should _ (follow) the rules at school.
Don't be _ (late) for the meeting.
We _ (have to) get up early every day.
She can't go to the party, and I can't go _ (either).
He often _ (practise) playing the guitar after school.
(二)短語翻譯
遵守學校規則 _
遲到 _
準時到達 _
穿校服 _
舉手 _
不得不 _
插隊 _
等待 _
缺席 _
穿上 _
(三)句型轉換
You can play basketball here.(改為否定句)
You _ _ basketball here.
He has to go to school by bike.(改為一般疑問句)
_ he _ to go to school by bike
Must I clean the classroom now (作否定回答)
No, _ _.
Don't run in the hallways.(改為肯定祈使句)
_ _ in the hallways.
(四)語法選擇
You _ play football in the street. It's dangerous.
A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't
_ lovely the girl is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
My sister is good at _ (draw).
A. draw B. draws C. drawing D. to draw
Please _ quiet in the library.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps
(五)寫作練習
以 “School Rules” 為題,寫一篇短文,介紹你們學校的規則。要求:包含至少三條規則,說明你對這些規則的看法,不少于 50 詞 。
答案
(一)詞匯練習
rules; arrives; has to; either; practising
follow; late; have to; either; practises
(二)短語翻譯
follow the school rules
be late for
arrive on time
wear the school uniform
put up your hand / raise your hand
have to
jump the queue
wait for
absent from
put on
(三)句型轉換
can't play
Does; have
you needn't / you don't have to
Run; quickly (此處可根據實際情況,將 quickly 換成其他合適的副詞,這里只是示例)
(四)語法選擇
D 2. B 3. C 4. A
(五)寫作練習(參考范文)
School Rules
There are many rules in our school. First, we must wear the school uniform every day. It makes us look tidy. Second, we can't be late for school. Being on time is important. Third, we should keep quiet in the library.
I think these rules are good for us. They help us keep order and study better. Although sometimes they seem a bit strict, following them can make our school life more organized.

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