資源簡介

Unit 2 onwards and upwards
Part one starting out
一.重點詞匯
1.debt n.債務(wù)，欠款
fall/get/run into debt負債；借債
in debt欠債
out of debt不欠債
pay off one’s debts還清債務(wù)
2. pace n.速度，進度 v.走來走去，來回踱步
at one’s own pace按照自己的進度
keep pace with跟上，與……并駕齊驅(qū)
set the pace領(lǐng)先；起帶頭作用
at a pace of以……的速度
pace up and down來回走著
3.eagerly adv. 渴望地，熱切地
eager adj. 渴望的，熱切的
be eager to do 渴望去做某事
4.survive v. 幸存，幸免于
survival n. 幸存，殘存物
survivor n. 生還者，生存者
5.eventually 最后終于
6.guarantee v. 保證，向某人擔保
guarantee sb. sth.保證某人某事
guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保證某事
guarantee n.
give sb. a guarantee that
under guarantee 在保質(zhì)期內(nèi)
7.
challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn)
a challenge to 對…的挑戰(zhàn)
meet /face a challenge 面對挑戰(zhàn)
accept/ take up a challenge 接收挑戰(zhàn)
8.encourage v. 鼓勵；激勵
be encouraged to do sth. 被鼓勵做某事
discourage sb. from doing sth. 勸阻某人做某事
with one’s encouragement 在某人的鼓勵下
give sb. encouragement 給予某人鼓勵
9. struggle v. 奮斗;努力;斗爭;爭取
n. 斗爭;努力;奮斗;搏斗
①struggle to do sth. 掙扎著做某事; 奮力做某事
②struggle for 為...而斗爭
③struggle against 與...作斗爭
10.
outcome n. 結(jié)果，后果
come out 出現(xiàn);結(jié)果是;出版,發(fā)行
①come in 進來 income n. 收入
②break out 爆發(fā) outbreak n. 爆發(fā);突然發(fā)生
③put out 生產(chǎn);制造 output n. 產(chǎn)量
④stand out 突出;顯眼 outstanding adj. 杰出的
11.
stick v. 粘貼;粘住;卡住,陷住
n. 棍，條，簽;變速桿，換擋桿;枯枝;球棍;指揮棒
stick - stuck - stuck
①stick to 堅持
②stick ... on... 把...粘/貼在...上
③stick... into... 把...插入/伸入
二. 重點短語
1.
take...for example以……為例
take notice of注意到；留意
take advantage of利用
take one’s time慢慢來
take it easy別緊張，放松點
take action采取行動
2.
give up 放棄
give away 捐出，捐贈
give back 歸還，退還
give off 放光，放出
give in 投降 讓步
give out 分發(fā)；發(fā)出
give way to 給…讓路
3.
have …in common with 和…有共同之處
have much/ a lot in common with 與…有共同之處
have nothing /little in common與..沒有共同之處
in common共有(的)
in common with和……一樣
common sense常識
4.
turn down 調(diào)小，調(diào)低，拒絕
turn up 出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大，到場
turn out 證明是 結(jié)果是
turn off 關(guān)上
turn on 打開
turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)
turn in上交 歸還
turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身
5.dream of /about doing 夢想做某事
6. in particular 特別 尤其
be particular to 是 …特有的
be particular about/over 對…挑剔講究
7.
pick up 學會 接人 收聽 染上
pick out 挑出 辨認
8.
end up 最終成為
end up doing 以…結(jié)束
end up with 以…結(jié)尾
end up as 最后成了
Unit 2 part 2 developing ideas
一.重要詞匯
1. inform v.通知；告知
inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb that 告知某人
informed adj. 有學問的，有見識的
keep sb informed of sth 隨時告知某人
information n.消息 情報
2.perserve v.鍥而不舍，堅持不懈
perseverance n.
3. criticism n.批判，批評，考證
critical adj.批判的，批評的，愛挑剔的
criticize v. 批評，批判
4. 1)worthwhile adj.重要的，值得做的
It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事
2)worth prep.值得的；相當于……的價值 n.價值；作用 adj.[古]值錢的
be (well) worth doing……(非常)值得做
be worth＋n.值得……；值……
3)worthy adj.值得的
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
be worthy of sth
5. enthusiastic adj.熱情的熱心的
be enthusiastic about sth 對某事熱心
enthusiasm n.熱心熱情
with enthusiasm 熱情地
enthusiastically adv.熱情地
6.upset adj.
be/feel/get upset about /by/over sth 對某事煩惱、不安，難過
be upset to do sth. 做某事很難過
upset v.
upset oneself about sth 為某事而煩惱
It upsets sb to do sth 做某事讓某人心煩
7.elect v.選擇，決定
elect to do sth. 選擇/決定做某事
election n.選舉，推選
8.appreciative adj.
be appreciative of感激；欣賞
appreciate vt.欣賞；理解；鑒賞；感激；意識到
appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
I would appreciate it if you can…
appreciation n.
in appreciation of 作為對…的感謝
9.delight n. 高興，愉快
with delight =in delight 高興地，愉快地
to one’s delight 令某人愉快地
take delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事為樂
delighted adj.感到開心的
be delighted at /by/with…由于……而高興
be delighted to do很高興做某事
delighting adj.令人感到開心的
delightful adj.快樂的，愉快的
10.apply v. 應(yīng)用 申請
apply to 應(yīng)用到
apply oneself to 致力于
apply one’s mind to sth. 全神貫注于某事
apply for申請
application n.申請 應(yīng)用
applicant n.申請人
11. persuade 說服
persuade sb to do =persuade sb into doing 說服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do =persuade sb out of doing 說服某人不要做某事
12.embarrass v.使…尷尬
embarrassed adj.搞到尷尬的
be embarrassed about /at sth 對…尷尬
be embarrassed to do sth 很尷尬去做某事
embarrassing adj.令人尷尬的
embarrassment n.尷尬
to one’s embarrassment 令某人尷尬的是….
much to one’s embarrassment 使某人非常尷尬的是
13.
aware adj. 意識到的，明白的
make sb aware of 使某人意識到
be /become aware of 意識到
awareness n. 意識
raise one’s awareness of 提高某人的意識
pete v. 競爭；比賽
competition n. 比賽；競賽
competitive adj. 有競爭力的
competitor n. 競爭者；比賽者；對手
①compete in sth. 參加某項比賽；在某方面競爭
②compete for sth. 為......而競爭
③compete with sth. 與......競爭
④can’t compete with sb./sth. 比不上...；不能與...相媲美
15.descend v. 降臨；來臨；下降
descending adj. (次序)下降的，遞減的;
①descend on/upon sb. /sth. 降臨到...上
②descend to 下降到
③descend from 從...下來/降下來
④in descending order 按照遞減的順序
二.重點短語
1. now and then時而，有時
from now on從今以后
from then on從那以后
just now剛才；現(xiàn)在
up to now迄今為止
now that既然
since then自那時以來
2. knock over撞倒；打翻
knock at/on敲……
knock down撞倒，擊倒；拆卸
knock into撞在……上
knock off敲掉；(從價格中)減去
Grammar— -ing and to-infinitive as object
1.只接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞及短語
英語中有些動詞及短語必須接不定式作賓語，這類動詞及短語常用的有：
afford負擔得起；agree同意；attempt嘗試，試圖；choose選擇；
desire渴望；determine決心；decide決定；expect期望；hope希望；
learn學習；manage設(shè)法；offer主動提出；plan計劃；pretend假裝；
promise許諾；refuse拒絕；wish希望；set out著手；would like想要等。
2.
只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語
英語中有些動詞及短語必須接動名詞作賓語，這類動詞及短語常用的有：admit承認；appreciate感激；avoid避免；consider考慮；delay延遲；deny否認；enjoy喜歡；escape逃脫；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss錯過；postpone推遲；practice練習；resist抵抗；risk冒險；suggest建議；insist on堅持；stand忍受；keep保持等。
be used to習慣于；be accustomed to習慣于；lead to導致；devote oneself to獻身于；object to反對；stick to堅持；look forward to期望，盼望等短語中的to為介詞，也接動名詞作賓語。
3. to為介詞的短語：
be/get/become used to doing習慣于
be accustomed to doing習慣于
be addicted to doing沉溺于；對……上癮
be opposed to doing反對
object to doing 反對
devote oneself to獻身于；專心于
be devoted to 致力于；忠誠于
be admitted to 被……錄取；準許進入
lead to doing 導致
contribute to doing 貢獻；導致；促進
look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
stick to doing sth.堅持做某事
be equal to sth.勝任做某事
have access to 有接近(某物的)方法
attach great importance to doing sth.重視做某事
get down to doing sth.開始做某事
the key/approach to doing sth.做某事的關(guān)鍵/方法
when it comes to當談到
4.有些動詞和動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有：
①try to do sth.盡力做某事/try doing sth.試著去做某事
②mean to do sth.打算去做某事/mean doing sth.意味著做某事
③regret to do sth.遺憾要去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
④remember to do sth.記得要去做某事/remember doing sth.記得做過某事
⑤forget to do sth.忘記要去做某事/forget doing sth.忘記做過了某事
⑥stop to do sth.停下去做別的事/stop doing sth.停下正在做的事
⑦go on to do sth.接著做另外的事/go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做原來的事
⑧can’t help doing sth.禁不住/忍不住做某事/can’t help to do sth.不能幫助做某事/have no choice but to do sth.別無選擇只能做某事
5.在動詞allow，permit，forbid，advise后面直接跟動名詞形式作賓語，如果后面有名詞或代詞作賓語，其后用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)及非謂語動詞的其他考點
一、
1.名詞或代詞主格+不定式;
Lots of work to do, I have to work extra hours.
2.名詞或代詞主格+現(xiàn)在分詞：
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
3.名詞或代詞主格+過去分詞
The test finished，we will have our summer vacation.
二. 1.動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)
Would you mind opening the door
Would you mind me/my opening the door
Tom’s being polite is praised by all.
We don’t like his/him/Tom’s showing off.
2. there be的非謂語動詞形式
there be的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)用(for) there to be，v.-ing形式是there being。如：
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
3．With/without 的復合結(jié)構(gòu)
1) with/without+名詞/代詞+形容詞(短語)/副詞/介詞短語
I found her sitting in the corner, reading a newspaper, with tears in her eyes.
2) with/without+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
With about 7 million college graduates in China crowding into the job market this year, it’s going to be tough to get a good job.
3)with/without+名詞/代詞+不定式
With many students to attend his lecture about the endangered animals, the professor has been preparing for it all day.
4) with/without+名詞/代詞+過去分詞
Most companies center on how to get customers, with little attention paid to keeping them.
選1 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
1. be successful in 在..方面成功
2. succeed in doing sth
成功做某事
3. play a role in
在...中起著舉足輕重的重要
4. go wrong 出毛病，弄錯
5. in debt 負債；欠債
6. turn about 轉(zhuǎn)身；轉(zhuǎn)變
7. stick out堅持到底
8. give up放棄
9. keep pace with 并駕齊驅(qū)
10. regret to do sth 遺憾去做某事
11. regret doing sth 后悔做了某事
12. inform sb of sth通知某人某物
13. dread doing / to do sth 害怕做某事
14. rare ——rarely很少
15. survive on 靠..活下來
16. turn down 拒絕；調(diào)低
17. agree to do sth同意做某事
18. along with 連同...一起
19. persevere -- 【N】perseverance
20. struggle to do st 掙扎著做某事
21. go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做另一件事
22. go on doing st 繼續(xù)做同一件事
23. in print已出版
24. ought to do sth 應(yīng)該做某事
25. play a part (in)扮演角色
26. keep doing一直做某事
27. be delighted to do sth 很高興做某事
28. recommend doing sth 建議做某事
recommend+從句+(should)+V原
29. due to 由于
30. admit doing sth承認做了
31. be confident of / that對...自信
32. It is worthwhile doing sth/to do值得做某事
33. find it +adj + to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事...
34. not lift a finger一點忙也不幫
35. drag one’s feet拖拉
36. make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
37. in a difficult situation 在困難的處境
38. be made up of 由..組成
39. be enthusiastic about 熱衷于
40. have an effect on 對..有影響
41. cheer up使高興；使振奮
42. pass on傳遞
43. mean to do sth打算去做某事
44. mean doing 意味著做..
45. be proud of 為...自豪 = take pride in
46. be of assistance有幫助
47. It would be a blessing if
如果..這將是一件幸事
48. be appreciate of對..感激
49. now and then偶爾；有時
50. be particular about對..挑剔
51. be worth doing sth值得做
52. the pageant of ...的繽紛場景
53. probe into探究
54. go about著手做
55. apply to適用于；施加于
56. apply for申請，請求
57. give one hint to sb給某人提示
58. descend on/upon 突然到達
59. persuade sb to do sth 說服某人做某事
60.persuade sb of sth 使某人確信某事
61.fail to do sth失敗做某事
62.pick up撿起；獲得；搭載
63.it's best to do sth最好去做某
64.advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事
65.be aware of 知道
66.respond to 響應(yīng)；回應(yīng)
詞性轉(zhuǎn)換
1.delighted adj.愉快的；高興的→delight v.使高興
→delightful adj.令人愉快的；宜人的
2.endurance n(忍)耐力→endure v.忍耐；持續(xù)
3.persevere v.堅持不懈→perseverance n.毅力；任性
4.rejection n.拒絕；否認→reject v.拒絕
5.rarely adv.很少，難得→rare adj.稀有的;珍貴的
6.criticism n.批評；指責→criticize v. 批評；指責→critic n.評論家
7.dread v.畏懼；懼怕→dreadful adj.可怕的
8.classic n.名著;經(jīng)典作品→classical adj.古典的
9.failure n.失敗(的人/事)→fail v.失敗;不能
10.inform v.通知→information n.信息；消息
→informative adj.增長見聞的→informed adj.見多識廣的
11.encourage v.鼓勵;激勵→discourage v.使灰心;沮喪
→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的→encouragement n.鼓勵
12.publisher adj.出版商→publish v.出版;發(fā)布
13.fear v.恐懼;害怕→fearful adj.可怕的
14.global adj.全世界的→globe n.世界;地球
15.survive v.生存;幸存→survival n.存活;幸存
→survivor n.幸存者
16.honest adj.誠實的;真誠的→honesty n.誠實;正直
→honestly adv.誠實地；確實
17.support v.支持;幫助→supportive adj.支持的
18.begin v.開始→beginning n.開始;開端
19.reason n.原因;理由→reasonable adj.合理的
pete v.競爭;參加比賽→competition n.競賽
→competitor n.競爭者→competitive adj.有競爭力的
21.worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→worthy adj.值得的;有價值的→worth adj.值得的
22.elect v.選舉；推選→election n.選舉
23.contest n.比賽；競賽→contestant n.參賽者
24.challenge v.挑戰(zhàn)→challenging adj.挑戰(zhàn)性的
25.inspiration n.靈感;激勵→inspire v.鼓舞；激勵
→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
fort v.安慰;安撫→comfortable adj. 舒服的
→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv.舒適地
27.proud adj.自豪的→pride n.自豪;驕傲
28.contribute v.捐贈;貢獻；撰稿→contribution n.捐贈;貢獻
29.concern v.擔心;涉及→concerning adj.令人擔憂的
30.mean v.打算;意味著→meaning n.意思;意義
→meaningful adj.意味深長的；重要的
31.appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v. 欣賞;感謝;
→appreciation n.欣賞;感謝
32.mere adj.僅僅；只不過→merely adv. 僅僅；只不過
33.literary adj.文學的→literature n.文學
34.blessing n.幸事，幸運→bless v.祝福;
35.gentleness n.和藹，溫和→gentle adj.溫和的→gently adj.柔和地
36.embarrassed adj.難堪的，尷尬的→embarrass v. 使尷尬
→embarrassing adj.令人尷尬的→embarrassment n.尷尬;難堪
37.functional adj.實用的;起作用的→function n.功能;作用
38.silence n.沉默;寧靜→silent adj.沉默的
39.pleasure n.快樂;滿意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的
40.assistance n.幫助;協(xié)助→assist v.幫助;協(xié)助→assistant n.助手
41.persuade v.說服;勸說→persuasion n. 說服;勸說
→persuasive adj.能使人信服的；勸說的
42.analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析
43.spirit n.精神;靈魂→spiritual adj.精神/心靈的
44.cheer v.使振奮→cheerful adj.愉快的;高興的
45.frustration n.挫折→frustrate v.使沮喪;挫敗→frustrated adj.沮喪的→frustrating adj.令人沮喪的

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