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常德市一中2025上學(xué)期高二英語核心素養(yǎng)測評
試卷導(dǎo)讀
難度系數(shù)：0.70 校平均分：104.4 最高分 144.5
體裁 主題 語篇導(dǎo)讀
閱讀A 應(yīng)用文 人與社會 介紹四個與環(huán)保有關(guān)的藝術(shù)競賽，旨在激發(fā)青少年通過藝術(shù)表達(dá)對自然保護(hù)的關(guān)注。
閱讀B 記敘文 人與社會 Gelinne目睹飛機墜入冰河，與兒子用皮劃艇展開救援的故事
閱讀C 議論文 人與社會 美國Z世代和千禧一代偏愛圖書館，贊揚年輕人賦予圖書館新活力的積極意義。
閱讀D 說明文 人與自然 植物根莖尖端的干細(xì)胞通過程序性死亡機制避免遺傳缺陷擴散，類似動物抗癌機制。
閱讀七選五 說明文 人與自我 生活中常見的煩惱可能導(dǎo)致失眠和注意力不集中。
完型 記敘文 人與自我 哥倫比亞女孩特魯希略的勵志故事。自小熱愛科學(xué)，參與了火星探測器工作。
語篇填空 說明文 人與自然 中國與冰雪的淵源較早，從唐到清朝的冰雪活動，如滑冰從實用到娛樂、宮廷運動的演變，展現(xiàn)中國悠久的冰雪傳統(tǒng)。
應(yīng)用文寫作 應(yīng)用文 人與社會 就高中生近視問題寫一篇英文稿件
讀后續(xù)寫 記敘文 人與自我 作者準(zhǔn)備退出游泳比賽，但奶奶讓作者堅持參賽。由于錯過比賽，最后參加了高年級組的比賽。
第一部分 聽力 (共兩節(jié)，滿分 30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題: 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the woman’s plan for the weekend
A. To visit relatives. B. To relax at home. C. To clean the house.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a car. B. In a test room. C. At the railway station.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A hotel booking. B. A family gathering. C. A travel plan.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Angry.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go for lunch. B. Have a break. C. Sit by the window.
第二節(jié) (共15小題: 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. How many classes did Tommy have a day in the third grade
A. Eight. B. Six. C. Five.
7. What did Tommy do in the afternoon
A. He introduced himself. B. He took a history class.C. He got new books.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. Why does the boy need a new uniform
A. He has grown taller.
B. He has joined a new team.
C. He has worn out his old uniform.
9. When will the speakers go shopping
A. This Saturday. B. This Friday. C. This Thursday.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To extend an invitation. B. To express thanks. C. To seek advice.
11. What kind of movies does the woman like
A. Love movies. B. Adventure movies. C. Action movies.
12. What will the man do next
A. Visit his friend. B. Pick a movie. C. Make a call.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. Why does the woman want the man to close the window
A. Because of the cold weather.
B. Because of the annoying smell.
C. Because of the outside noise.
14. Which aspect of the neighborhood attracted the speakers at first
A. The nice park. B. The big parking lot. C. The good barbecue restaurant.
15. What does the man like about the neighborhood
A. Its facilities. B. Its transportation. C. Its natural environment.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. Where does Janice come from
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Italy.
18. Which of the following words best describes Janice
A. Careful. B. Creative. C. Brave.
19. What did Janice see in the forest
A. A bear. B. A lion. C. An elephant.
20. How did Janice’s father make a living
A. He trained animals. B. He treated animals. C. He raised animals.
答案
1-5 BACBC 6-10 BCACA 11-15 BCBAA 16-20 BCCAA
錄音原文
Text 1
M: It’s finally Friday. What a busy week!
W: I agree. I’ll stay home and watch movies with my cousin for the next two days. (1)
M: Sounds nice. But I have to do the cleaning with my parents.
W: You should really take a rest.
Text 2（第2題為推斷題）
M: The road is closed to traffic. I’ll do a right-hand turn here. Don’t worry. I will take you to the train station on time.
W: Thanks. If only I had passed my driving test.
Text 3（第3題為主旨大意題）
M: So should I book the tickets to Byron Bay
W: We’ve explored all the tourist attractions there. Let’s go somewhere else. How about Coolangatta
M: Great! Let me reserve a family room with a view of the sea.
Text 4（第4題為推斷題）
M: Oh no. I went to the garden to get the dry clothes, but they were missing. We should report this to the police!
W: Take it easy. Who would steal our used clothes Probably a neighbor took them by mistake.
Text 5
M: I’d like to change my place for a new one. I sit right by the break room. It’s too noisy during the lunch break.
W: How about this one by the window It is far from the break room. (5)
Text 6
W: Hey, Tommy. (6) Was it exciting to go back to school
M: It was great. My new class teacher is a gentle lady.
W: That’s good. So, no classes today
M: Yes, we introduced ourselves and got to know each other in the morning. And then our class teacher handed out our timetables. I’ll have eight lessons a day, two more than I had in the third grade. (6) In the afternoon, I collected our new term’s books with five of my new classmates. (7)
W: Okay. What about the clubs Any new ones
M: We haven’t discussed them yet.
W: I see. Tell me more about your class teacher. What subject does she teach
M: She teaches history.
collect 【熟詞生義】領(lǐng)取
Text 7
M: Mom, I need a new basketball uniform. (8)
W: Why Is the school changing the team’s color again
M: No, it’s still the same.
W: What’s the problem, then Your old uniform was still in great shape when I washed it last Friday. It looked brand-new.
M: Well, it’s me. I’ve grown a lot. The uniform is too short now. Everyone on our team has gotten taller over the summer. So have I. (8)
W: Wow, I didn’t realize it. How about going shopping this weekend
M: I have basketball training this Friday. (9) I need to wear a basketball uniform then.
W: Then let’s go to the mall a day earlier. (9)
Text 8
M: Are you free tomorrow evening How about we take in a movie (10) I just realized it’s been ages since we went to the cinema together last time.
W: That’s true. But have you noticed any good films that are worth seeing recently I checked out some new movies. They are full of boring action and fighting or they just focus on love stories.
M: I think that’s because you are into adventure stories. (11)
W: You are right. (11) Anyway, what’s on tomorrow
M: There’s a film about searching for lost children that caught my eye.
W: Does it have a happy ending If not, I’m not going. I don’t want any bad endings.
M: I’m not sure how it ends. One of my friends recommended this film to me. Hold on, I remember I have his phone number. I’ll talk to him now. (12)
take in a movie 去看電影
Text 9（第16題為推斷題）
W: Honey, could you close the window, please (13)
M: Are you sure I don’t think it is cold — it’s only a couple of degrees lower than usual.
W: It’s not about the temperature. It’s that barbecue restaurant across the street. Since it opened last month, the smell has been driving me crazy. (13)
M: I think it is pretty good. And you didn’t say anything bad when we ate there last time.
W: Yes, but now, I feel like I’m living inside that restaurant day and night. I think this neighborhood is getting worse. We moved here in May for the nice green park. (14)
M: I agree. Now it’s August. The park is not so attractive. And more and more businesses are just bringing more traffic jams. However, I’m happy with the gym nearby and those new parking spaces at the roadside. (15)
W: The city should really take notice and do something about it.
M: Maybe someday. Anyway, we only have to stay here for a year. I’m really looking forward to moving out.
Text 10
My stay at this hut in the Alps was a truly unforgettable experience in my life. I met some very interesting people there, and even made a few good friends from Spain and Russia. There was an Italian woman, Janice, whose room was next to mine. (17) She didn’t know how to ski, but still went down the slopes. And she got lost in the forest. A few of us went looking for her. We nearly got tired when we finally found her. She sat under a tree, and fell asleep. The very interesting thing was that she didn’t seem scared at all. (18) She told us that she saw a bear not far from the tree. (19) We thought she was seeing things, but on our way back we saw the bear, too. It looked at us from a distance, but made no attempt to come closer. I have to admit I was a bit scared, but Janice seemed perfectly fine. She even waved at the bear. (18) Later, it turned out that she had seen bears before. Her father worked in a circus, and was in charge of training wild animals, (20) like elephants, lions and bears.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
A
Participating in art competitions is essential for students to gain formal recognition and impress college admission officers. Today, we have a list of art competitions on regional, national, and international scales.
EarthX Eco-Art Competition
It invites young artists aged 5-22 to create 2-D or 3-D art that illustrates the theme: Protectors for the Planet. The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems.
Deadline: March 8, 2024
The Children’s Drawing Contest
Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 48 winners will receive special memorabilia. All entrants will receive a participation prize. Medium: Drawings with any type of paint, pastel, etc.
Deadline: May 31, 2024
Science without Borders Challenge
The competition is open to children and young people under the age of 16. We welcome entries from both groups and individuals to create art to promote public awareness of the need to preserve, protect, and restore nature. The theme is “The Sixth Extinction” and you can focus on the protection of endangered species. Acceptable media include paint, pencil, marker, crayon, ink, felt, and oil pastel.
Deadline: March 4, 2024
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities and academic awards for creative young people to express their talent. The theme this year is “Tell Your Climate Story”. Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.
Deadline: June 10, 2024
21. On which date can participants send their entries to EarthX Eco-Art Competition
A. May 6, 2024. B. March 15, 2024.
C. April 28, 2024. D. February 9, 2024.
22. Which competition best suits teenagers good at writing poems
A. EarthX Eco-Art Competition. B. The Children’s Drawing Contest.
C. Science without Borders Challenge. D. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards.
23. What do the four competitions have in common
A. They target students under the age of 20.
B. They are about environmental protection.
C. They require participants to write a story.
D. They only accept entries from individuals.
文章體裁：應(yīng)用文（介紹性文本）
主題語境：人與社會（教育、藝術(shù)與環(huán)保主題的社會活動）
語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文介紹了四個不同規(guī)模的藝術(shù)競賽，均圍繞環(huán)保主題展開，旨在激發(fā)青少年通過藝術(shù)表達(dá)對自然保護(hù)的關(guān)注。EarthX競賽強調(diào)可持續(xù)行動，兒童繪畫比賽聚焦理想自然環(huán)境，Science without Borders關(guān)注物種保護(hù)，Scholastic獎項則鼓勵氣候故事創(chuàng)作。這些競賽為學(xué)生提供展示才能的平臺，助力升學(xué)與環(huán)保意識傳播。
試題解析：
21. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。D。根據(jù)EarthX Eco-Art Competition部分中“Deadline: March 8, 2024(截止日期：2024年3月8日)”并結(jié)合選項可知，參賽者可于2024年2月9日遞交參賽作品予EarthX生態(tài)藝術(shù)比賽。A（May 6）、B（March 15）和C（April 28）均晚于截止日期。
22. 推理判斷題。D。根據(jù)The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards部分中“Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.(9至12年級的學(xué)生可以提交詩歌、小說和非小說類作品，以展示他們對環(huán)境問題的理解)”可知，The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards最適合擅長寫小說的青少年。A、B、C均要求繪畫或藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，未提及詩歌，屬“偷梁換柱”。
23. 主旨大意題。B。所有比賽主題均涉及環(huán)保，如第一部分的“Protectors for the Planet...working to sustain ecosystems”；第二部分的“Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future...to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in”；第三部分的“The Sixth Extinction...focus on the protection of endangered species”以及第四部分的“Climate Story... to show their understanding of environmental issues”）。A（目標(biāo)20歲以下）：Scholastic面向9-12年級學(xué)生（可能含18歲以上），屬“以偏概全”；C（需寫故事）：僅Scholastic要求，屬“無中生有”；D（僅接受個人）：Science without Borders接受團體，屬“推理過度”。
文本精讀：
（一）重要詞匯/短語
1 formal recognition（正式認(rèn)可）
2 illustrate the theme（闡釋主題）
3 sustainable planet（可持續(xù)星球）
4 participation prize（參與獎）
5 promote public awareness（提升公眾意識）
6 endangered species（瀕危物種）
7 academic awards（學(xué)術(shù)獎項）
（二）長難句解析
1 The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems. （EarthX Eco-Art Competition部分）
成分分析：這是一個簡單句，主語是“The theme”，謂語是“can be interpreted”，“in various ways”是狀語，后半部分是對“various ways”的具體解釋，由including 連接兩個并列的名詞性短語構(gòu)成。
中文意思：這個主題具有多元化的解讀視角，既涵蓋了個體為促進(jìn)地球可持續(xù)發(fā)展所采取的積極行動，也彰顯了環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)軍人物在維護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)方面所作出的不懈努力。
2 Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. （The Children’s Drawing Contest部分）
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，主句是：Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 其中“Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network”是過去分詞短語作狀語；“whose theme this year is ‘Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future’”是定語從句，修飾先行詞“the contest”；“children aged 7-15 worldwide”是“invite”的賓語；“to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in”不定式短語作賓語補足語，進(jìn)一步說明“invite”的目的。
中文意思：由國際認(rèn)證組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)主辦的此次大賽，今年的主題是“把我們珍貴的地球傳承給未來”，誠邀全球7至15歲的兒童描繪出他們心中向往的自然環(huán)境。
3 The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities for creative young people to express their talent. （The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards部分）
成分分析：主句為“The Scholastic Awards provides opportunities”，同位語“the longest-running...”解釋獎項性質(zhì)，不定式“to express...”表目的。
中文意思：學(xué)術(shù)藝術(shù)與寫作獎（Scholastic Art and Writing Awards）是美國歷史最悠久的文學(xué)與藝術(shù)競賽，為富有創(chuàng)造力的青少年提供了展示才華的機會和學(xué)術(shù)獎勵。
B
On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮劃艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said.
The kayaks’ paddles (槳) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.
Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore.
The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied.
24. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash
A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised.
25. What can be learned from paragraph 4
A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death.
C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected.
26. Why did Gelinne need help
A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken.
C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted.
27. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne
A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent.
C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious.
文章體裁：記敘文（故事類）
主題語境：人與社會（見義勇為、危機救援）
語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文講述Gelinne目睹飛機墜入冰河后，與兒子用皮劃艇展開救援的故事。面對冰層脆弱、工具不足等挑戰(zhàn)，他冷靜應(yīng)對，幽默安撫飛行員，最終在警方協(xié)助下成功救人。文章突出其果敢、機智與幽默，傳遞人性光輝。
試題解析：
24. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。B。根據(jù)第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(當(dāng)飛機消失在樹后時，曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過水手的杰琳意識到它將降落在河中。他毫不猶豫地跑到水邊)”可知，他一看到飛機降落在河中，就毫不猶豫地跑到水邊，所以推知是擔(dān)心的。
錯誤原因：A 項“Hesitant”與“Without hesitation”矛盾；C 項“Scared”未在文中體現(xiàn)，Gelinne 表現(xiàn)得非常果斷；D 項“Surprised”雖可能有驚訝成分，但文中重點突出強調(diào)其果斷反應(yīng)。
25. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。D。根據(jù)第四段中的The kayaks paddles(槳) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water.（皮劃艇的槳太弱了，所以兩人試著用棍子推動小船。他們的第一次嘗試讓他們在原地打轉(zhuǎn)。但是經(jīng)過努力，他們?nèi)〉昧诉M(jìn)步。當(dāng)杰琳娜到達(dá)飛機時，飛行員正站在尾翼上，周圍是開闊的水域。）可知，落水飛行員站在飛機尾翼上，但是Gelinne父子很 難接近他。由此可知救助過程比預(yù)想的要困難。
錯誤原因：A 項“The plane had sunk to the bottom”與文中“The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river”矛盾；B 項“The pilot was nearly frozen to death”文中未提及；C 項“The kayaks got stuck in floating ice”文中未提到皮劃艇被卡。
26. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。C。根據(jù)第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.(兒子就在旁邊，Gelinne專注于讓飛行員保持冷靜，他開玩笑說：“就像擁抱你的妻子一樣，緊緊抓住皮艇。”領(lǐng)航員抓住皮艇的船頭。Gelinne知道他必須把飛行員弄到?jīng)]有破冰的架子上。但每次杰琳嘗試，皮劃艇都破冰而出。他需要幫助)”可知，因為冰不夠堅固，導(dǎo)致皮劃艇都破冰而出。他需要幫助。
錯誤原因：A 項“Because his son didn’t help him”與文中“with his son nearby”矛盾；B 項“Because the kayaks were broken”錯誤，文中提到“paddles proved too weak”，但皮劃艇本身未壞；D 項“Because the pilot was too exhausted”文中未提及飛行員因疲勞無法配合。
27. 推理判斷題。C。根據(jù)第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(當(dāng)飛機消失在樹后時，曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過水手的杰琳意識到它將降落在河中。他毫不猶豫地跑到水邊)”可知，他一看到飛機降落在河中，就毫不猶豫地跑到水邊去救人，所以他是熱于助人的，以及第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.”(兒子就在旁邊，Gelinne專注于讓飛行員保持冷靜，他開玩笑說：“就像擁抱你的妻子一樣，緊緊抓住皮艇。”)”可推知Gelinne 是個幽默的人，所以Gelinne是樂于助人又幽默的。
錯誤原因：A 項“Honest and independent”文中未提及；B 項“Modest and intelligent”雖有聰明成分，但未體現(xiàn)謙遜；D 項“Generous and cautious”文中未提及慷慨，謹(jǐn)慎也不是其突出特點。
文本精讀：
（一）主要短語/詞匯
1 gaze out at凝視……
2 slide to a stop：滑行停止
3 without hesitation毫不猶豫地
4 take any chances：冒險
5 previous training之前的訓(xùn)練
6 paddle劃槳
7 spin in circles打轉(zhuǎn)
8 push off：推開；劃離
9 shelf of unbroken ice未破裂的冰面
10 radio for help呼叫救援
11 rush to safety：沖向安全地帶
12 treat for minor injuries 治療輕傷
（二）長難句解析
1 Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
成分分析：Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water是主干部分，paddling 和thinking做伴隨狀語。
中文意思：格利納把他的皮劃艇從冰上推入水中，一邊朝著飛行員劃去，一邊想著：“如果他恐慌了怎么辦？如果我摔倒了怎么辦？”
2 With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.”
成分分析：Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm是主干部分，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語，joking 做伴隨狀語。
中文意思：在兒子的陪伴下，Gelinne 專注于讓飛行員保持鎮(zhèn)定，開玩笑地說：“緊緊抱住皮劃艇，就像抱著你的妻子一樣。”
C
A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials (千禧一代) visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents. The young love libraries because they are secure, comfortable, free and—as my 11 year old would say—“aesthetic”. This means they look good in the background of an Instagram post or TikTok video. It's also a great place to meet people. If you're both young and in a library, chances are you have similar interests.
And then, too, there are the books. Gen Z ers are turning out to be big readers, especially of paper books. Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately(故意地) choosing to pick up a piece of 15th century technology instead. They like the fact that books are complete in themselves and require focused attention.
There is, sometimes, a sense of nostalgic (懷舊的) cosplay in the way young people read. In New York, for example, the latest TikTok fuelled craze (狂熱) is reading with strangers in bars. You have to buy a ticket in advance, and then you all gather and sit in silence for 30 minutes, reading whatever book you've brought along. It is like an expensive version of going to the library, except that afterwards you all have a drink and talk about books.
To me, reading is a private pleasure, while screens—TV or cinema—are social. I did once, in a group of ambitious parenting, introduce a “family reading hour”， during which my husband and children were pressed to join me at the fireside for some silent reading. It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old fashioned clothes.
But still, I'd like to praise these young readers—for knowing what is good for them, for seeking out human connection, for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions, and for bringing new life to the library.
28. What contributes to the young generation's preference for libraries
A. High technology. B. Pressure from parents.
C. Favorable environment. D. Popularity of social media.
29. Why is the latest TikTok fuelled craze mentioned
A. To introduce a popular culture.
B. To highlight an old way of reading.
C. To stress the importance of reading in silence.
D. To show another cause for youngsters’ reading enthusiasm.
30. Which is the writer's opinion about reading
A. Reading should be done silently. B. Reading should be enjoyed alone.
C. Reading should be a way of parenting. D. Reading should be a way of socializing.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Benefits of library reading
B. The young generation's shared interest
C. The Gen Z’s way to bring new life to libraries
D. Conflicted approaches to reading among teenagers
文章體裁：議論文（社會現(xiàn)象分析）
主題語境：人與社會（文化趨勢與代際差異）
語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文探討美國Z世代和千禧一代偏愛圖書館的現(xiàn)象，分析其背后的原因——圖書館的舒適環(huán)境、社交屬性及紙質(zhì)書吸引力，并對比作者對“私人閱讀”與年輕人“社交化閱讀”的不同態(tài)度，最終贊揚年輕人賦予圖書館新活力的積極意義。
文章結(jié)構(gòu)：
引出話題：介紹年輕人頻繁光顧圖書館的現(xiàn)象。
深入探討：說明年輕人尤其愛讀紙質(zhì)書，并分析其原因。
舉例說明：以紐約酒吧閱讀熱潮為例，展現(xiàn)年輕人閱讀方式中的懷舊角色扮演感。
對比觀點：作者闡述自身閱讀觀，講述組織 “家庭閱讀時間” 的經(jīng)歷，認(rèn)為集體閱讀有表演感。
總結(jié)評價：贊揚年輕讀者，肯定他們閱讀行為的積極意義。
試題解析：
28. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。C。根據(jù)第一段The young love libraries because they are secure，comfortable，free and — as my 11- year- old would say — "aesthetic".（年輕人喜歡圖書館，因為它們安全、舒適、免費，而且---正如我11歲的兒子所說---"有美感"。）可知，圖書館舒適的環(huán)境是年輕人喜歡圖書館的原因。
29. 推理判斷題。D。根據(jù)第三段There is，sometimes，a sense of nostalgic （懷舊的） cosplay in the way young people read.In New York，for example，the latest TikTok fuelled craze （狂熱） is reading with strangers in bars.（有時候，在年輕人的閱讀方式中會有一種懷舊的角色扮演感。例如，在紐約，Tiktok掀起的最新熱潮是在酒吧里和陌生人一起閱讀。）可知，TikTok fuelled craze在這里被提及是舉例說明年輕人閱讀是在追求懷舊感，而追求懷舊感是千禧一代讀書熱的原因之一。
30. 推理判斷題。B。根據(jù)第四段To me，reading is a private pleasure，while screens — TV or cinema— are social.（對我來說，閱讀是一種私人樂趣，而屏幕---電視或電影---是社交的。）可知，作者認(rèn)為閱讀是一種個人享受的方式。
31. 主旨大意題。C。根據(jù)第一段A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents.（美國最近的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，Z世代和千禧一代比他們的父母或祖父母更頻繁地訪問圖書館。）最后一段But still，I'd like to praise these young readers — for knowing what is good for them，for seeking out human connection，for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions，and for bringing new life to the library.（但是，我還是要贊揚這些年輕的讀者——他們知道什么對他們有好處，他們尋求人際關(guān)系，他們在舊機構(gòu)中發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗和快樂，他們?yōu)閳D書館帶來了新的生命。）結(jié)合文章主要介紹了美國一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)Z世代和千禧一代更喜歡去圖書館，文章分析了他們喜歡去圖書館的原因和新的讀書方式，作者認(rèn)為Z世代給圖書館帶來了新的生命。由此可知，C項The Gen Z's way to bring new life to libraries（Z世代給圖書館帶來新生的方式）能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。
文本精讀：
（一）重點單詞和短語
1. Gen Zers Z世代
2. Millennials千禧一代
3. aesthetic審美的
4. nostalgic懷舊的
5. cosplay角色扮演
6. craze狂熱
7. in advance 提前，事先
8.focused attention專注的注意力
9.dress up穿上盛裝；打扮
10. performative表演性的
11. ambitious parenting雄心勃勃的育兒方式
12. bring new life to為……注入新活力
（二）長難句分析
1 A recent survey in the US found that Gen Zers and Millennials visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents.
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句
中文意思：美國的一項最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，Z世代和千禧一代比他們的父母或祖父母更頻繁地光顧圖書館。
2 Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately choosing to pick up a piece of 15th-century technology instead.
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，Even though or perhaps because引導(dǎo)狀語從句，主句是many are deliberately choosing to...，the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented是從句賓語。
中文意思：盡管他們口袋里裝著有史以來最具分散注意力的設(shè)備，或許正是因為如此，許多人反而故意選擇拿起一件15世紀(jì)的技術(shù)產(chǎn)品（紙質(zhì)書）。
3 It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old-fashioned clothes.
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，It could not have felt more performative是主句。
中文意思：如果我們都戴上高頂禮帽，穿上過時的衣服，那種表演感也不會比這更強烈了。
D
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干細(xì)胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
32. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
33. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
34. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
35. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
文章體裁：說明文（科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)類）
主題語境：人與自然（植物生物學(xué)與環(huán)境保護(hù)）
語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文揭示植物根莖尖端的干細(xì)胞通過程序性死亡機制避免遺傳缺陷擴散，類似動物抗癌機制。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化、培育抗逆作物具重要意義。
文章結(jié)構(gòu)：
①提出觀點：科學(xué)家揭示了植物抵御環(huán)境脅迫致基因損傷的機制，即生長尖端能檢測DNA損傷并讓細(xì)胞死亡，避免缺陷傳遞。
②背景介紹：說明植物根和莖尖端的干細(xì)胞對生長很關(guān)鍵，但其基因缺陷會持續(xù)傳遞。
③研究情況：闡述研究人員為揭示保護(hù)機制開展實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)干細(xì)胞對DNA損傷更敏感。
④機制詳解：解釋DNA損傷發(fā)生時，細(xì)胞檢測并使程序性細(xì)胞死亡，防止損傷傳播，此過程與動物細(xì)胞機制相似。
⑤總結(jié)：植物保護(hù)系統(tǒng)對植物發(fā)育研究意義重大，能助力培育抗逆植物，對農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化至關(guān)重要 。
試題解析：
32. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。D。根據(jù)第一段The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.（植物根和芽的生長尖端有一種內(nèi)建機制，如果檢測到DNA損傷，就會導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡，從而避免將有缺陷的DNA傳遞給下一代。）可知，植物內(nèi)建機制的功能是阻止干細(xì)胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。
33. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。C。根據(jù)第三段Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.（通過涉及x射線和化學(xué)物質(zhì)的實驗，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)干細(xì)胞比其他細(xì)胞對DNA損傷更敏感。）可知，植物中的干細(xì)胞對DNA損傷做出快速反應(yīng)。
34. 詞義猜測題。A。根據(jù)劃線詞上文When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity ... the rest of the plant tissues可知，當(dāng)DNA受損時，細(xì)胞有能力檢測到它，并導(dǎo)致程序化細(xì)胞死亡，防止受損的遺傳密碼傳播到植物組織的其他部分。故劃線詞意思是傳播。
35. 主旨大意題。B。根據(jù)最后一段The identification of a similar protective system ...science's response to climate change（在植物中發(fā)現(xiàn)類似的保護(hù)系統(tǒng)在植物發(fā)育領(lǐng)域具有重要意義。它還幫助科學(xué)家培育出能夠更好地應(yīng)對環(huán)境壓力的植物。因此，了解植物如何應(yīng)對這些壓力對農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)應(yīng)對氣候變化具有重要意義。）可知，最后一段的重點是識別植物保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的意義。
文本精讀：
（一）重點單詞和短語
1 protect ... against... 保護(hù)……免受……損害
genetic damage基因損傷
2 environmental stresses環(huán)境壓力
3 in-built mechanism內(nèi)在機制
4 stem cells干細(xì)胞
5 DNA damage DNA損傷
6 programmed cell death 程序性細(xì)胞死亡
7 propagation傳播
8 safeguard mechanism 保護(hù)機制
9 plant development 植物發(fā)育
10 agricultural science 農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)
11 climate change 氣候變化
（二）長難句分析
1 Plants have small populations of stem cells at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime.
成分分析：主句為“Plants have stem cells”，非限定性定語從句“which...”解釋干細(xì)胞功能。
中文意思：植物根莖尖端有少量干細(xì)胞，使其能在一生中持續(xù)生長并產(chǎn)生新組織。
2 Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed.
成分分析：Given 是過去分詞作狀語，表示“考慮到……”或“鑒于……”， safeguards are necessary是句子主干部分，to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed是不定式做目的狀語。中文意思：鑒于干細(xì)胞的關(guān)鍵作用及其在根莖尖端暴露于潛在危險環(huán)境，有必要進(jìn)行必要的保護(hù)措施是，以防止干細(xì)胞的缺陷被永久固化。
3 When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues.
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，to detect it and cause programmed cells to die” 是動詞不定式短語作后置定語，修飾 the capacity；現(xiàn)在分詞短語preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues作結(jié)果狀語。
中文意思：當(dāng)DNA發(fā)生損傷時，細(xì)胞有能力檢測到這種損傷，并促使程序性細(xì)胞死亡，從而防止受損的遺傳密碼傳播到植物的其他組織中。
4 So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
成分分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，主句部分是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，knowledge is of fundamental significance; how plants deal with these stresses引導(dǎo)賓語從句，充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語。
中文意思：因此，了解植物如何應(yīng)對這些壓力，對農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)應(yīng)對氣候變化具有根本性意義。
第二節(jié) （共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. 36 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful.
37 This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. It can also help to make it easier to let them go. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this.
Try to move preferably outside. Physical exercise can be helpful. 38 Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up.
Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we' re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 39
Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider's perspective can help us a lot. 40 If we don't have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.
A. Push away our negative thoughts.
B. Learn to practice mindful awareness.
C. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.
D. They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.
E. We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst.
F. These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.
G. We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.
文章體裁：說明文
主題語境：人與自我
語篇導(dǎo)讀：生活中常見的煩惱，如爭吵或面試焦慮，會影響我們看清現(xiàn)實。這些情緒可能導(dǎo)致失眠和注意力不集中。文章介紹了幾種應(yīng)對方法：練習(xí)正念冥想、到戶外活動、轉(zhuǎn)移注意力以及與他人交流。這些方法有助于緩解焦慮，擺脫消極思維模式，幫助我們更好地應(yīng)對壓力。
試題解析：
D。 根據(jù)上文的"Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is.(你是否曾在半夜被煩心事驚醒？也許你和你的伴侶吵架了。也許你在擔(dān)心面試。這些在我們的生活中很常見。但它們會讓人很難看清現(xiàn)實。)”"和下文的"And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating.(因此，我們可能會失眠，難以集中注意力)”可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“半夜胡思亂想帶來的影響”有關(guān)。比較選項可知，D項“They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.它們會讓我們陷入消極的思維模式”符合。
37. B。根據(jù)下文“There are many mindfulnes practices that might help with this.(有許多正念練習(xí)可能有助于解決這個問題)”可知，本段主要講的是正念練習(xí)(mindfuliness practices)給人們帶來的益處。因此空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與此方面的內(nèi)容有關(guān)。比較選項可知，B項“ Learn to practice mindful awareness.學(xué)會練習(xí)正念意識”符合。
38. C。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Try to move preferably outside.(最好到外面去)"和下文的" Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time.(在樹林里散步比在路上走同樣長的時間更能減少沉思)”可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“人們要經(jīng)常到戶外進(jìn)行體育鍛煉”有關(guān)。比較選項可知，C項“Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.置身大自然是最好的方式之一”符合。
39. F。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention.(別再火上澆油了，轉(zhuǎn)移你的注意力)"和上文的"We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people.(我們可以暫時離開社交媒體，對生活中的美好事物心存感激。我們也可以和志同道合的人一起采取行動。)”可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“我們采取的措施帶來的益處”有關(guān)。比較選項可知，F(xiàn)項“These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.這些可以幫助我們減少憂慮，同時為我們指明正確的方向”符合，選項中的“These”指的是上文提到的措施。
40. G。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist.(和你信任的人或者心理醫(yī)生談?wù)?”和上文的"Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider s perspective can help us a lot.(不管他們是帶著幽默還是提供智慧，有時候從局外人的角度來看問題會對我們有很大幫助。)”和下文的"If we don t have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.(如果我們沒有這樣的人，看心理醫(yī)生可能是我們最好的選擇)”可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“通過與信任的人交流來解決問題”有關(guān)。比較選項可知，G項“ We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.我們應(yīng)該試著找到一個合適的人，他能很好地傾聽并提供同理心“符合。
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 41 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 42 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探測器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____43____ exploring it That’s a tale of ____44____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was 45 of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she’ d be able to 46 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____47____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____48____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____49____. But she didn’t _____50____. “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another 51 moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙語國家的) woman to be ______52______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______53______ on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary (解說) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ______54______.
Trujillo’s own story is ______55______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. sponsor B. ambassador C. engineer D. leader
42. A. suitable B. responsible C. capable D. remarkable
43. A. actually B. gradually C. accurately D. repeatedly
44. A. curiosity B. kindness C. enthusiasm D. talent
45. A. certain B. anxious C. content D. fond
46. A. adapt B. motivate C. rise D. apply
47. A. made up B. brightened up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. events C. jobs D. steps
49. A. studies B. teachings C. lectures D. investigations
50. A. commit B. conclude C. compete D. complain
51. A. life-changing B. goal-setting C. eye-opening D. heart-warming
52. A. connected B. admitted C. arranged D. planned
53. A. stressed B. produced C. landed D. touched
54. A. advertisement B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
55. A. truth B. information C. conclusion D. proof
答案
41-45 CBACA 46-50 CDCAD 51-55 ABCBD
文章體裁：記敘文
主題語境：人與自我
語篇導(dǎo)讀：文章講述了哥倫比亞女孩特魯希略的勵志故事。她自小熱愛科學(xué)，雖面臨性別和經(jīng)濟困境，但抓住父親送她去邁阿密的機會，靠做家政完成學(xué)業(yè)，后成為首位進(jìn)入美國宇航局學(xué)院的西語裔女性，還參與了火星探測器工作，她的經(jīng)歷證明努力能帶來機遇。
試題解析：
41. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，特魯希略是一位航空航天領(lǐng)域的工程師，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著美國宇航局實驗室的一個團隊，這個團隊負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測器的機械臂。A. sponsor贊助者；B. ambassador大使；C. engineer工程師；D. leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。由上文“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.（對于一個在哥倫比亞長大的小女孩來說，在美國宇航局從事科學(xué)事業(yè)似乎是不可能的。）”和下文“who leads a team at the NASA laborator”可知，特魯希略是一位工程師，故選C。
42. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，特魯希略是一位航空航天領(lǐng)域的工程師，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著美國宇航局實驗室的一個團隊，這個團隊負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測器的機械臂。A. suitable合適的；B. responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；C. capable有能力的；D. remarkable顯著的。由上文“who leads a team at the NASA laboratory”和下文“for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”可知，美國宇航局實驗室的這個團隊負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測器的機械臂。故選B。
43. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯希略是如何從單純的宇宙夢想轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷嶋H探索宇宙的？A. actually事實上；B. gradually逐漸地；C. accurately準(zhǔn)確地；D. repeatedly重復(fù)地。由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to”和第一段提到的特魯希略現(xiàn)在是一位航天領(lǐng)域的工程師，即現(xiàn)在在探索宇宙，由此可知，此處指她從單純的宇宙夢想轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷嶋H探索宇宙了，故選A。
44. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個在星空中書寫的激情故事。A. curiosity好奇；B. kindness善良；C. enthusiasm熱情；激情；D. talent天賦。由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to”和下文“of her enthusiasm for science”可知，她對探索星空充滿了激情，故選C。
45. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯希略出生于 1983 年，當(dāng)她還是個小女孩時，她就堅信自己對科學(xué)的熱情。A. certain確定的；B. anxious焦慮的；C. content滿意的；D. fond喜歡的。由下文“of her enthusiasm for science.”可知，她在小時候就堅信自己對科學(xué)的熱情，故選A。
46. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但她懷疑自己在男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域能走多遠(yuǎn)，地位能提高多少。A. adapt適應(yīng)；B. motivate激勵；C. rise升起；提高；D. apply應(yīng)用。由上文“But she doubted how far she'd be able to”可知，此處指她不知道自己在男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域能走多遠(yuǎn)，地位能提高多少。故選C。
47. 考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時年僅 17 歲的她接受了這個建議。A. made up彌補；B. brightened up變得更加明亮；C. picked up撿起；D. took up從事；接受（挑戰(zhàn)、任務(wù)等）。由上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.（然后她爸爸提出要送她去邁阿密。）”和下文“the offer.”可知，她接受爸爸讓她去邁阿密這個建議，故選D。
48. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯希略從事了一系列家政工作，以完成邁阿密戴德學(xué)院的學(xué)業(yè)。A. measures方法；B. events事件；C. jobs工作；D. steps步驟。由下文“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way（有時她打掃浴室來幫助支付她的學(xué)費。）”可知，她從事了一系列家政工作來賺錢幫助自己完成學(xué)業(yè)，故選C。
49. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時她會打掃浴室以支付學(xué)費。A. studies學(xué)習(xí)；B. teachings教學(xué)；C. lectures講座；D. investigations調(diào)查。由上文“to put herself through Miami Dade College.”可知，她作家政工作是為了賺錢支付學(xué)費，故選A。
50. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但她沒有抱怨。A. commit投入；B. conclude總結(jié)；C. compete競爭；D. complain抱怨。由下文“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity（我把一切都看作是機會。）”可知，她將自己從事家政工作來轉(zhuǎn)取學(xué)費這種事看成是一個機會，這說明她自己做家政工作并沒有抱怨，故選D。
51. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后又一個改變?nèi)松臅r刻到來了。A. life-changing 改變?nèi)松模籅. goal-setting設(shè)定目標(biāo)的；B. eye-opening令人瞠目的；D. heart-warming暖心的。由下文“She became the first Hispanic (西班牙語國家的) woman to be (12) to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.（她成為第一位被美國宇航局學(xué)院錄取的西班牙裔女性。后來，她成為美國宇航局戈達(dá)德太空飛行中心的一名工程師。）”可知，改變她人生的時刻到來了，故選A。
52. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她成為第一位被美國宇航局學(xué)院錄取的西班牙裔女性。A. connected聯(lián)系；B. admitted承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；C. arranged安排；D. planned計劃。由下文“to the NASA Academy.”可知，她被美國宇航局學(xué)院錄取，be admitted to固定搭配，意為“被錄取”，故選B。
53. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今年二月，當(dāng)毅力號火星車接觸火星表面時，特魯希略在美國宇航局有史以來第一次西班牙語廣播中發(fā)表了解說。A. stressed強調(diào)；B. produced生產(chǎn)；C. landed落地；D. touched觸碰。由下文“on the surface of Mars”可知，此處指毅力號火星車接觸火星表面，故選C。
54. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今年二月，當(dāng)毅力號火星車接觸火星表面時，特魯希略在美國宇航局有史以來第一次西班牙語廣播中發(fā)表了解說。A. advertisement廣告；B. broadcast廣播；C. comment評論；D. performance表演。由上文“it was accompanied by commentary (解說) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ”可知，此處在在廣播中做解說，故選B。
55. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯希略自己故事證明，在障礙之外，存在著整個宇宙的機會，等待著任何愿意努力工作以獲得星星的人。A. truth事實；B. information信息；C. conclusion總結(jié)；D. proof證據(jù)；證明。由下文“ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.”可知，她的故事證明，在障礙之外，存在著整個宇宙的機會，等待著任何愿意努力工作以獲得星星的人。故選D。
第二節(jié) (共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Throughout history, China has maintained a deep connection with ice and snow. Beyond simply bearing the harsh cold winter conditions, the Chinese people have learned 56____ (use), appreciate and enjoy the challenges of the season.
57 the 9th Asian Winter Games start in Harbin, let's take a journey through ancient China's ice and snow activities and explore the long-lasting winter traditions that 58 (be) popular for thousands of years.
59 (history) records from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) mention ice skating, with the New Book of Tang describing hunters 60 (slide) across ice using wooden boards tied to their feet in pursuit of prey. By the Song Dynasty (960–1279), ice skating had developed 60 a practical means of transportation and hunting to a recreational activity. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), it gained recognition as 62 official court sport. Ice skating reached new ______63 (high) during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), when bingxi, an annual imperial winter activity, became a grand tradition after the winter solstice in late December.
The earliest ice skates in ancient China were 64 (primary) crafted from horse shinbones. Over time, wooden ice skates emerged, 65 (follow) by wooden ice skates with iron fittings. By the late Qing Dynasty, ice skates were fully made of iron.
文章體裁：說明文
主題語境：人與自然
語篇導(dǎo)讀：文章圍繞中國與冰雪的淵源展開。指出中國人不僅適應(yīng)寒冬，還學(xué)會利用、欣賞冰雪。通過追溯從唐到清各朝代的冰雪活動，如滑冰從實用到娛樂、宮廷運動的演變，展現(xiàn)中國悠久的冰雪傳統(tǒng)。
試題解析：
56. to use。“l(fā)earn to do sth.”為固定用法，意為“學(xué)習(xí)做某事”，所以此處用 to use。
57. As/When。根據(jù)語境，這里表示“當(dāng)?shù)诰艑脕喼薅具\動會在哈爾濱開幕時”，As 或 When 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……時候”，故填 As/When。
58. have been。根據(jù)時間狀語“for thousands of years”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，主語“winter traditions”是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用 have been。
59. Historical。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語修飾名詞“records”，historical 意為“歷史的”，故填 Historical。
60. sliding。“describe sb. doing sth.”為固定用法，意為“描述某人正在做某事”，所以用 sliding。
61. from。“from...to...”為固定搭配，意為“從……到……”，這里表示滑冰從一種實用的交通和狩獵方式發(fā)展成一種娛樂活動，故填 from。
62. an。“official”是以元音音素開頭的單詞，此處表示“一項官方的宮廷運動”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞 an 修飾，故填 an。
63. heights。“reach new heights”為固定短語，意為“達(dá)到新的高度”，height 表示“高度”時常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填 heights。
64. primarily。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞“crafted”，primarily 意為“主要地”，故填 primarily。
65. followed。“wooden ice skates”與“follow”之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語，所以填 followed。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié) 滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作 (滿分15分)
假定你是李華，學(xué)校編輯部正在征集關(guān)于健康的英文稿件，你想就高中生近視(nearsightedness) 問題投稿，具體要點如下：
（1）簡述高中生近視現(xiàn)狀；
（2）分析近視形成的原因；
（3）提出視力保護(hù)的建議。
注意：
（1）詞數(shù)80左右；
（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考范文
Dear editor,
My name is Li Hua. My topic today deals with the problem of nearsightedness in students.
① At present, an increasing number of students wear glasses and some even in high degree, which worries themselves a lot. In my opinion, there are mainly three reasons. First, their ways of using eyes are not healthy. Second, because of the high pressure of study, they often study for too long without any break. Third, some spend too much time before televisions or computers.
However, much can be done to protect our eyesight. When reading, make sure we are in bright places and let our eyes rest every hour. ② Whenever we are free, we can do some eye exercises so that our tired eyes can be restored quickly.
Yours,
Li Hua
【思路點撥】
本文要求寫一篇英文稿件，話題為高中生近視問題，人稱主要為第一人稱和第三人稱，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時。寫作時應(yīng)注意詞匯的選擇和句式的準(zhǔn)確使用，可適當(dāng)添加一定的銜接詞，以使行文連貫。
【亮點詞匯】
①deal with處理；涉及
②make sure確保
【高分句型】
①At present, an increasing number of students wear glasses and some even in high degree, which worries themselves a lot.（which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）
②Whenever we are free, we can do some eye exercises so that our tired eyes can be restored quickly.（Whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句）
【結(jié)構(gòu)布局】
引言：說明稿件的主題
中心：高中生近視現(xiàn)狀和形成的原因
結(jié)尾：提出視力保護(hù)的建議
【拓展詞匯】
①touch on/upon涉及，談及
②with the purpose/aim/intention of目的是
【拓展句型】
①Taking proper measures to deal with pressure is of great importance.采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┨幚韷毫苤匾?br/>②People are beginning to attach more importance to their eye health these days than ever before.如今人們比以往更重視用眼衛(wèi)生。
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分 25 分)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn't afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving "Honorable Mentions (榮譽獎)". Any athlete knows that you don't want to have a bookshelf full of "Honorable Mentions", which you get just because you showed up.
One summer's day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, "Baby, remember these words 'Quitters never win and winners never quit.' Your grandmother didn't raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear " I was too afraid to say anything but "Yes, ma'am".
The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that, because there weren't nine lanes.
As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma's words rang in my head, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit." "Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours," I said to myself.
注意：
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Paragraph 1: SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before.
Paragraph 2: It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me.
參考范文
SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. After the first flip turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half-body length lead over the other girls. However, they soon sped up and narrowed the gap. Halfway through the race, the girl to my left almost drew level with me, while I already began to feel tired. At that moment, the powerful words of my grandma echoed again in my ears, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. " I willed my arms and legs to keep swimming and used every last bit of strength to swim the last 50 meters. As soon as I touched the wall, I looked up at the screen, waiting anxiously for the result.
It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. I saw my time on the screen but could hardly believe it—mine was at the top of the list! My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water. Narrow victory as it was, I did win my first real trophy that day. Everything felt like a dream as I stood on the winner's podium, weeping tears of joy. Back at home, I delightedly replaced the "Honorable Mentions" on my shelf with the new trophy. "Yes, Grandma, you're right. Quitters never win and winners never quit. "
試題解析
【原文大意】
本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者已經(jīng)參加了五年的游泳比賽，準(zhǔn)備退出，因為覺得自己很糟糕，但奶奶讓作者堅持下去。第二天作者來到比賽地點，沒有趕上作者15/16歲年齡組的游泳選手。教練堅持允許作者和年齡大一些的人一起游泳。當(dāng)作者登上跳板時想起了奶奶的話。
【段落續(xù)寫】
①根據(jù)第一段首句“撲通一聲！我游得比以前任何時候都努力”可知，本段應(yīng)講述作者比賽的經(jīng)過和心理活動。
②根據(jù)第二段首句“就在那時，我聽到了周圍的掌聲和歡呼聲”可知，本段應(yīng)講述作者打破了17/18 400自由泳的全國紀(jì)錄，以及作者獲勝后的感想。
【續(xù)寫線索】
作者努力游泳——一個女孩加快速度——我感到疲憊——想起奶奶的鼓勵——拼盡全力——聽到歡呼聲和掌聲——排在了榜首——打破了紀(jì)錄——站在領(lǐng)獎臺上——喜極而泣
【詞匯激活】
行為類
① 擁抱某人：hug sb./take sb. in one's arms
② 放棄：quit/give up
情緒類
① 驚訝的：surprised/astonished
② 疲倦的：tired/exhausted
③ 焦慮的：anxious/worried/tense
【高分句型】
①After the first flip turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half-body length lead over the other girls.（that引導(dǎo)賓語從句）
②My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water.（when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）常德市一中2025上學(xué)期高二英語核心素養(yǎng)測評
第一部分 聽力 (共兩節(jié)，滿分 30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題: 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the woman’s plan for the weekend
A. To visit relatives. B. To relax at home. C. To clean the house.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a car. B. In a test room. C. At the railway station.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A hotel booking. B. A family gathering. C. A travel plan.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Angry.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go for lunch. B. Have a break. C. Sit by the window.
第二節(jié) (共15小題: 每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. How many classes did Tommy have a day in the third grade
A. Eight. B. Six. C. Five.
7. What did Tommy do in the afternoon
A. He introduced himself. B. He took a history class. C. He got new books.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. Why does the boy need a new uniform
A. He has grown taller. B. He has joined a new team. C. He has worn out his old uniform.
9. When will the speakers go shopping
A. This Saturday. B. This Friday. C. This Thursday.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To extend an invitation. B. To express thanks. C. To seek advice.
11. What kind of movies does the woman like
A. Love movies. B. Adventure movies. C. Action movies.
12. What will the man do next
A. Visit his friend. B. Pick a movie. C. Make a call.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. Why does the woman want the man to close the window
A. Because of the cold weather.
B. Because of the annoying smell.
C. Because of the outside noise.
14. Which aspect of the neighborhood attracted the speakers at first
A. The nice park. B. The big parking lot. C. The good barbecue restaurant.
15. What does the man like about the neighborhood
A. Its facilities. B. Its transportation. C. Its natural environment.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. Where does Janice come from
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Italy.
18. Which of the following words best describes Janice
A. Careful. B. Creative. C. Brave.
19. What did Janice see in the forest
A. A bear. B. A lion. C. An elephant.
20. How did Janice’s father make a living
A. He trained animals. B. He treated animals. C. He raised animals.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
A
Participating in art competitions is essential for students to gain formal recognition and impress college admission officers. Today, we have a list of art competitions on regional, national, and international scales.
EarthX Eco-Art Competition
It invites young artists aged 5-22 to create 2-D or 3-D art that illustrates the theme: Protectors for the Planet. The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems.
Deadline: March 8, 2024
The Children’s Drawing Contest
Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 48 winners will receive special memorabilia. All entrants will receive a participation prize. Medium: Drawings with any type of paint, pastel, etc.
Deadline: May 31, 2024
Science without Borders Challenge
The competition is open to children and young people under the age of 16. We welcome entries from both groups and individuals to create art to promote public awareness of the need to preserve, protect, and restore nature. The theme is “The Sixth Extinction” and you can focus on the protection of endangered species. Acceptable media include paint, pencil, marker, crayon, ink, felt, and oil pastel.
Deadline: March 4, 2024
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities and academic awards for creative young people to express their talent. The theme this year is “Tell Your Climate Story”. Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.
Deadline: June 10, 2024
21. On which date can participants send their entries to EarthX Eco-Art Competition
A. May 6, 2024. B. March 15, 2024.
C. April 28, 2024. D. February 9, 2024.
22. Which competition best suits teenagers good at writing poems
A. EarthX Eco-Art Competition. B. The Children’s Drawing Contest.
C. Science without Borders Challenge. D. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards.
23. What do the four competitions have in common
A. They target students under the age of 20.
B. They are about environmental protection.
C. They require participants to write a story.
D. They only accept entries from individuals.
B
On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮劃艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said.
The kayaks’ paddles (槳) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.
Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore.
The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied.
24. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash
A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised.
25. What can be learned from paragraph 4
A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death.
C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected.
26. Why did Gelinne need help
A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken.
C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted.
27. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne
A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent.
C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious.
C
A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials (千禧一代)visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents. The young love libraries because they are secure, comfortable, free and—as my 11 year old would say—“aesthetic”. This means they look good in the background of an Instagram post or TikTok video. It's also a great place to meet people. If you're both young and in a library, chances are you have similar interests.
And then, too, there are the books. Gen Z ers are turning out to be big readers, especially of paper books. Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately(故意地) choosing to pick up a piece of 15th century technology instead. They like the fact that books are complete in themselves and require focused attention.
There is, sometimes, a sense of nostalgic (懷舊的) cosplay in the way young people read. In New York, for example, the latest TikTok fuelled craze (狂熱) is reading with strangers in bars. You have to buy a ticket in advance, and then you all gather and sit in silence for 30 minutes, reading whatever book you've brought along. It is like an expensive version of going to the library, except that afterwards you all have a drink and talk about books.
To me, reading is a private pleasure, while screens—TV or cinema—are social. I did once, in a group of ambitious parenting, introduce a “family reading hour”， during which my husband and children were pressed to join me at the fireside for some silent reading. It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old fashioned clothes.
But still, I'd like to praise these young readers—for knowing what is good for them, for seeking out human connection, for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions, and for bringing new life to the library.
28. What contributes to the young generation's preference for libraries
A. High technology. B. Pressure from parents.
C. Favorable environment. D. Popularity of social media.
29. Why is the latest TikTok fuelled craze mentioned
A. To introduce a popular culture.
B. To highlight an old way of reading.
C. To stress the importance of reading in silence.
D. To show another cause for youngsters’ reading enthusiasm.
30. Which is the writer's opinion about reading
A. Reading should be done silently. B. Reading should be enjoyed alone.
C. Reading should be a way of parenting. D. Reading should be a way of socializing.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Benefits of library reading
B. The young generation's shared interest
C. The Gen Z’s way to bring new life to libraries
D. Conflicted approaches to reading among teenagers
D
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (機制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干細(xì)胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
32. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
33. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
34. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
35. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
第二節(jié) （共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. 36 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful.
37 This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. It can also help to make it easier to let them go. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this.
Try to move preferably outside. Physical exercise can be helpful. 38 Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up.
Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we' re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 39
Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider's perspective can help us a lot. 40 If we don't have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.
A. Push away our negative thoughts.
B. Learn to practice mindful awareness.
C. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.
D. They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.
E. We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst.
F. These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.
G. We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 41 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 42 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探測器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____43____ exploring it That’s a tale of ____44____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was 45 of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she’ d be able to 46 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____47____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____48____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____49____. But she didn’t _____50____. “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another 51 moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙語國家的) woman to be ______52______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______53______ on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary (解說) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ______54______.
Trujillo’s own story is ______55______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. sponsor B. ambassador C. engineer D. leader
42. A. suitable B. responsible C. capable D. remarkable
43. A. actually B. gradually C. accurately D. repeatedly
44. A. curiosity B. kindness C. enthusiasm D. talent
45. A. certain B. anxious C. content D. fond
46. A. adapt B. motivate C. rise D. apply
47. A. made up B. brightened up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. events C. jobs D. steps
49. A. studies B. teachings C. lectures D. investigations
50. A. commit B. conclude C. compete D. complain
51. A. life-changing B. goal-setting C. eye-opening D. heart-warming
52. A. connected B. admitted C. arranged D. planned
53. A. stressed B. produced C. landed D. touched
54. A. advertisement B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
55. A. truth B. information C. conclusion D. proof
第二節(jié) (共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Throughout history, China has maintained a deep connection with ice and snow. Beyond simply bearing the harsh cold winter conditions, the Chinese people have learned 56____ (use), appreciate and enjoy the challenges of the season.
57 the 9th Asian Winter Games start in Harbin, let's take a journey through ancient China's ice and snow activities and explore the long-lasting winter traditions that 58 (be) popular for thousands of years.
59 (history) records from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) mention ice skating, with the New Book of Tang describing hunters 60 (slide) across ice using wooden boards tied to their feet in pursuit of prey. By the Song Dynasty (960–1279), ice skating had developed 60 a practical means of transportation and hunting to a recreational activity. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), it gained recognition as 62 official court sport. Ice skating reached new ______63 (high) during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), when bingxi, an annual imperial winter activity, became a grand tradition after the winter solstice in late December.
The earliest ice skates in ancient China were 64 (primary) crafted from horse shinbones. Over time, wooden ice skates emerged, 65 (follow) by wooden ice skates with iron fittings. By the late Qing Dynasty, ice skates were fully made of iron.
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié) 滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作 (滿分15分)
假定你是李華，學(xué)校編輯部正在征集關(guān)于健康的英文稿件，你想就高中生近視(nearsightedness) 問題投稿，具體要點如下：
（1）簡述高中生近視現(xiàn)狀；
（2）分析近視形成的原因；
（3）提出視力保護(hù)的建議。
注意：
（1）詞數(shù)80左右；
（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear editor,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分 25 分)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn't afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving "Honorable Mentions (榮譽獎)". Any athlete knows that you don't want to have a bookshelf full of "Honorable Mentions", which you get just because you showed up.
One summer's day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, "Baby, remember these words 'Quitters never win and winners never quit.' Your grandmother didn't raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear " I was too afraid to say anything but "Yes, ma'am".
The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that, because there weren't nine lanes.
As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma's words rang in my head, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit." "Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours," I said to myself.
注意：
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Paragraph 1: SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me.
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