資源簡(jiǎn)介 《新概念英語(yǔ)2》第81課知識(shí)清單一、詞匯1. prisoner音標(biāo):英/ pr zn (r)/;美/ pr zn r/詞性:n.詞義:囚犯;犯人;俘虜;戰(zhàn)俘;被(某事)禁錮的人(或動(dòng)物)用法:“a political prisoner”(政治犯),“take sb. prisoner”(俘虜某人)2. bush音標(biāo):英/b /;美/b /詞性:n.詞義:灌木;灌木狀的東西(尤指濃密的毛發(fā)或皮毛);(尤指非洲和澳大利亞的)荒野;(新西蘭未被開(kāi)墾的)林區(qū)用法:“a rose bush”(玫瑰叢),“in the bush”(在灌木叢中)3. rapidly音標(biāo):英/ r p dli/;美/ r p dli/詞性:adv.詞義:迅速地;快速地;急速地用法:“develop rapidly”(迅速發(fā)展),“increase rapidly”(快速增長(zhǎng))4. march音標(biāo):英/mɑ t /;美/mɑ rt /詞性:v. & n.詞義:v. 齊步走;行進(jìn);(堅(jiān)定地向某地)前進(jìn),進(jìn)發(fā);使同行;強(qiáng)迫(某人)一起走;游行示威;抗議游行;n. 行進(jìn);行軍;示威游行;抗議游行;進(jìn)行曲;穩(wěn)步發(fā)展;穩(wěn)步前進(jìn);三月用法:作動(dòng)詞,“march along”(沿著……行進(jìn));作名詞,“a military march”(軍隊(duì)進(jìn)行曲),“in March”(在三月)5. boldly音標(biāo):英/ b ldli/;美/ bo ldli/詞性:adv.詞義:大膽地;冒失地;顯眼地;醒目地用法:“speak boldly”(大膽地說(shuō)),“walk boldly”(大膽地走)二、重點(diǎn)句型1. When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):過(guò)去完成時(shí),“had killed”表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作“dragged”之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作 ,一般過(guò)去時(shí),“dragged”描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ,“when”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 。例句:When she had finished her homework, she went out to play with her friends.(她完成作業(yè)后,就出去和朋友們玩了。)2. He then changed into the dead man's clothes and marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):一般過(guò)去時(shí),“changed”“marched”描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ,“change into”表示“換上” ,“up and down”表示“來(lái)來(lái)回回” 。例句:He then put on his new shoes and walked happily around the room.(然后他穿上新鞋,高興地在房間里走來(lái)走去。)3. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lying in the bushes, he could not help thinking of the scene of the battle.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):一般過(guò)去時(shí),“could hear”“could not help thinking”描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài) ,“l(fā)ying in the bushes”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ) ,“could not help doing sth.”表示“忍不住做某事” 。例句:She could see the stars in the sky. Standing on the balcony, she could not help thinking of her hometown.(她能看到天空中的星星。站在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上,她不禁想起了家鄉(xiāng)。)三、語(yǔ)法聚焦1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞 。用法:表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作 ,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去” 。常與“by + 過(guò)去時(shí)間”“before + 過(guò)去時(shí)間”“when + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句”等連用 。如“By the end of last month, they had finished the project.”(到上個(gè)月底,他們已經(jīng)完成了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目) 。2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)構(gòu)成:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式一般加 -ed,如“drag - dragged”;不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需特殊記憶,如“go - went”“come - came” 。否定句:主語(yǔ)+didn't + 動(dòng)詞原形。如“He didn't go to school yesterday.”(他昨天沒(méi)去上學(xué)) 。一般疑問(wèn)句:Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主語(yǔ) + did. 否定回答:No, 主語(yǔ) + didn't. 如“Did you see the movie last night ”(你昨晚看電影了嗎?)用法:表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) ,常與“yesterday”“l(fā)ast week”“two days ago”等過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 ;也可表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作 ,如“He often played football when he was young.”(他年輕時(shí)經(jīng)常踢足球) 。3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)用法:現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ,其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致 。如“He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper.”(他坐在椅子上,讀著報(bào)紙) 。4. could not help doing sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)用法:表示“忍不住做某事” ,其中“help”意為“抑制;避免” 。如“I could not help laughing when I saw the funny picture.”(當(dāng)我看到這張有趣的圖片時(shí),忍不住笑了起來(lái)) 。四、文化拓展1. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與戰(zhàn)俘戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中戰(zhàn)俘的遭遇和逃脫事件屢見(jiàn)不鮮,反映戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷性和復(fù)雜性。戰(zhàn)俘為求自由采取極端行動(dòng),如課文中戰(zhàn)俘殺死衛(wèi)兵逃脫 ,體現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)背景下人性對(duì)自由的渴望,也揭示戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給個(gè)體帶來(lái)的巨大沖擊和改變。2. 軍事?tīng)I(yíng)地與防御軍事?tīng)I(yíng)地是軍隊(duì)駐扎和行動(dòng)的重要據(jù)點(diǎn) ,有嚴(yán)格防御體系 。戰(zhàn)俘在營(yíng)地附近活動(dòng),反映出營(yíng)地防御存在漏洞 ,以及戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中敵我雙方的對(duì)抗和博弈 。軍事?tīng)I(yíng)地的管理和防御策略,是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)研究的重要內(nèi)容 ,關(guān)乎軍事行動(dòng)的成敗 。 展開(kāi)更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來(lái)源于二一教育資源庫(kù)