資源簡介 動詞不定式作定語動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞,放于所修飾的詞后,為后置定語。表將來的動作。We must find a person to do the job.我們必須找到一個人來做這項工作。We need someone to go and get a doctor.我們需要有人去請醫生。We have much homework to do tonight.今晚我們有很多作業要做。名詞前有形容詞最高級、序數詞、限定詞(如the first, the last, all, any, no, next, only)等詞修飾時, 其后要用動詞不定式。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奧運會上第一個獲得金牌的女選手。This is the best way to solve the problem.(2020天津卷)He is always the first to arrive at school. (2022新高考Ⅰ卷)抽象名詞 attempt, ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, effort, means, right, time, way, desire, determination, decision, plan, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, wish, reason, moment, time等或不定代詞something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語。She has the desire to do useful work.她有愿望去做有用的工作。Women have no right to vote and to be voted in that country. 在那個國家,女性沒有選舉權和被選舉權。For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something to eat! (2016年四川卷)注意:動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義:不定式作定語與被修飾名詞構成動賓關系,并且不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語時,不定式用主動形式表示被動意義;但如果不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語時,需用被動形式。He found a good house to live in.他找到了一個居住的好房子。The child has nothing to worry about. 這個孩子無憂無慮。I have some homework to do. (主語I做) 我有一些作業要做。I’m going to Shanghai. Do you have anything to be taken to your parents (不是主語you做)我要去上海。你有東西要帶給你父母嗎?作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等,不定式后需要有相應的介詞。但當名詞是time, place或way時,不定式后的介詞可以省略。I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支筆寫字。(2021全國卷Ⅱ)I have a comfortable house to live in. 我有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。Tom had no money and no place to live (in). 湯姆沒有錢,也沒有地方居住。動詞不定式作結果狀語常用于enough to, so…as to, such…as to, only to以及too…to等結構中。The case was too heavy to be carried by a child.箱子太重小孩拿不動。He worked hard, only to fail at last.他努力工作,最終結果卻是失敗。He was so careless as to leave his keys at home.(2020全國Ⅲ卷)The girl is not old enough to go to school.這個女孩還小,不能上學。1. 表示一種意外的結果, 常和only連用,只放于句末,既可用逗號隔開,也可不用逗號隔開。He hurried to the station only to find the train had left. (2018北京卷)他匆忙趕到車站,結果發現火車已開走了。George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. 喬治戰爭后回到家,結果被告知妻子已經離開了。2.系表結構后跟不定式作狀語:be +adj.+ to do可以作原因或結果狀語。I’m sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 聽到你母親生病真遺憾。The water is not fit to drink. 這水不宜喝。They (指竹子) are easy to care for and make great presents. (2020年全國卷Ⅱ)注意:1.不定式作狀語時,其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致。To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary. (正確) (不定式的邏輯主語和句子的主語he一致)To learn English well, a good dictionary is needed. (錯誤)(不定式的邏輯主語與句子的邏輯主語a good dictionary不一致)2.現在分詞作結果狀語,常和thus連用,表示“自然而然的結果”;不定式作結果狀語,常和only連用,表示“出乎意料的結果”。The bus was held up by the snowstorm, (thus) causing the delay. (自然而然的結果)He went to see his aunt, (only) to find her gone. (出乎意料的結果) 3.動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義:在“be+形容詞+不定式”結構中。如果不定式的賓語就是句子的主語,不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。常見的形容詞有:easy,fit, hard, difficult, interesting, nice, good, heavy, light, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等。 This machine is very easy to operate.這個機器很容易操作。These problems are hard to work out.這些問題很難解決。This kind of fish is nice to eat. 這種魚很好吃。She has the ability to speak three languages.(2019江蘇卷) 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 當前文檔不提供在線查看服務,請下載使用! 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫