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高考英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文寫作功能性句型
一、解釋原因
（一）說明原因的常用方法
1.因果連詞法
連詞(詞組)：because (of), since, as, for, due to, owing to, thanks to，as a result of, as a consequence of
例：Owing to his hard work, he got promoted.
The activity was postponed due to the sudden heavy rain.
I recommend this book because it offers practical life advice.
高級(jí)替換：
表直接原因（運(yùn)用從句）：
The reason why...is that...,
...lies in the fact that...
例：The reason why he is late is that he missed the bus.
表間接影響：lead to, result in, contribute to ，bring about, give rise to
例：Lack of exercise contributes to poor physical health among students.
2.分層遞進(jìn)法
用序數(shù)詞或過渡詞分點(diǎn)說明多重原因：
To begin with,… What's more,…Last but not least,…
First and foremost, ...Additionally, ...Finally, ...
On the one hand, ...On the other hand, ...
例：Why should we adopt pets instead of buying them
Firstly, it reduces the number of homeless animals.Moreover, adopted pets are often already vaccinated, which means less expense for new owners.
3.數(shù)據(jù)例證法
在正式文體中，用數(shù)據(jù)或事例支撐原因：
Statistics show that...,
Take...as an example,
According to a survey...
例：Online learning saves commuting time.For instance, 78% of students in our survey reported gaining 1.5 extra study hours daily.
I didn't like the movie because it was too boring.For example, there were no exciting scenes in the whole film.
（二）不同文體的應(yīng)用技巧
1.建議信（Letter of Advice）
結(jié)構(gòu)：?jiǎn)栴} + 原因分析 + 建議
例： I suggest reducing plastic use in our school cafeteria.This is because plastic waste harms wildlife—a recent study found that 90% of seabirds have ingested plastic.By switching to reusable containers, we can directly address this issue.
2.申請(qǐng)信（Application Letter）
重點(diǎn)：將個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)與申請(qǐng)動(dòng)機(jī)結(jié)合
例： My passion for environmental science arises from volunteering at a nature reserve, where I witnessed how education can change people's eco-habits.This experience drives me to apply for your program.
3.演講稿（Speech）
技巧：用反問句引發(fā)思考 + 排比增強(qiáng)氣勢(shì)
例： Why protect traditional culture Not only does it connect us to our roots, but it also inspires modern innovation.The Forbidden City's digital exhibitions, for example, attracted 15 million young visitors last year.
（三）高級(jí)句型
1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：
It is the friendly atmosphere that makes our club unique.
2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣：
Without your guidance, I would never have realized the importance of teamwork.
3.倒裝句：
Only when we understand the causes can we find effective solutions.
4.使用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)
分詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以作為狀語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔地說明原因。
例：Presented with a difficult problem, he felt very nervous.
面對(duì)一個(gè)難題，他感到非常緊張。
Encouraged by his teacher, he worked harder.
受到老師的鼓勵(lì)，他更加努力了。
5.使用not only…but also 句型解釋原因
I enjoy reading, which not only relaxes me but also allows me to explore new world.
二、重要性和必要性
（一）強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性的表達(dá)
1.常用詞組
play a crucial/vital/key role in...
在...中起關(guān)鍵作用
例：Education plays a crucial role in personal development.
be of great significance/ importance
極為重要
例: It is of great importance to protect the environment.
be vital to 對(duì)…至關(guān)重要
例：A good education is vital to a person's future.
attach great importance to...
重視...
例: We should attach great importance to students' mental health.
2.重點(diǎn)句型
It is vital/essential/crucial to do sth/ that sb (should) do sth.
...是至關(guān)重要的
例：It is crucial to make the right decision.做出正確的決定至關(guān)重要。
What matters most is... 最重要的是...
例：What matters most is your attitude towards challenges.
There is no denying that... 不可否認(rèn)...
例:There is no denying that technology has changed our lives.
There is no doubt that... 毫無疑問
例：There is no doubt that learning a foreign language is important.
（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)必要性的表達(dá)
1.常用詞組
have no choice but to do sth
別無選擇只能...
例：We have no choice but to adapt to changes.
be a must. …是必須的
例: Cooperation is a must in the workplace.
2.重點(diǎn)句型
It is necessary/imperative to do...
必須做...
例：It is necessary to set clear goals.
It is imperative to take action now.
There is an urgent need for...迫切需要...
例：There is an urgent need for action against climate change.
Under no circumstances should we...
無論如何都不應(yīng)...
例：Under no circumstances should we ignore safety rules.
It is required that...要求…
例：It is required that all students attend the meeting.
It is essential that + (should) do
非常重要
例：It is essential that everyone (should) participate actively.

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