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高考英語詞匯講解
一、investment，memorial
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
investment
n.(the money that you invest)投資額;投資;(時間、精力的)投入
You need to have realistic expectations of the returns from investments.
你需要對投資回報有現實的預期。
(1)invest v. 投資
invest time/energy/money/…in (doing) sth
把時間/精力/錢/……投入……中
invest in 投資到……
(2)investor n. 投資者
【佳句背誦】
(1)There has been a significant investment of time and energy in order to make the project a success.
為了使這個項目成功, (人們)已經投入了大量的時間和精力。
(2)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is unwilling to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
盡管旅館服務不好,經理還是不愿在給員工足夠的培訓方面投資。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①The old lady accepted the suggestion that she should buy a house as an 　 　(invest).
②With around $500,000 　 　 (invest) so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.
③While Mr Johnson has considerable money 　 　 (invest) in the company, he has no say in its management.
[完成句子]
④The recent economic situation taken into consideration, the manager has cut down on the amount of money　 　the stock market.
考慮到最近的經濟形勢,經理減少了即將投入股票市場的金額。
⑤Our teacher often tells us that the present efforts　 　 in our future will be rewarded sooner or later.
我們的老師經常告訴我們現在為將來付出的努力遲早會得到回報。
【答案】
①investment
②invested
③invested
④that/which will be invested in
⑤(that/which)we are investing
memorial
n. (a statue, stone, etc. that is built in order to remind people of an important past event or of a famous person who has died)紀念碑(或像等);紀念物;紀念品 adj.(created or done in order to remember sb who has died)紀念的;悼念的
What the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.
幸存者們試圖做的是為拯救他們生命的英雄們建一座紀念碑。
(1)a memorial to… ……的紀念碑/紀念物
memorial hall 紀念館;紀念堂
memorial meeting/service
追悼會;紀念會
(2)memorize/se vt. 記住,熟記;記憶
(3)memorable adj. 難忘的;值得紀念的
(4)memory n. 記憶,記憶力
in memory of 為了紀念;作為對某人的紀念
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①The museum will serve as a memorial 　 　 the millions who passed through Ellis Island.
②The most 　 　(memory) part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.
③The crowd observed a minute's silence in memory 　 　 those who had died.
[完成句子]
④The painting will be 　 　 a remarkable woman.
這幅油畫將成為對一位杰出女性的永久紀念物。
⑤The fact is that many of students 　 　 but are still having a hard time in remembering them.
事實上,很多學生花很長的時間去背單詞,但是仍然很難記住。
【答案】
①to
②memorable
③of
④a lasting/permanent memorial to
⑤spend hours in memorizing vocabularies
二、while引導的讓步狀語從句，not just…but…as well
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment.
雖然他的畫仍是宗教主題, 但它們展示了真實環境中的真實人物。
while引導的讓步狀語從句
句型公式
句式點撥
while引導的讓步狀語從句常置于句首,while的意思相當于although/though,意為“雖然,盡管”。此外,while還可以引導時間狀語從句,意為“當……時”,或用作并列連詞,表示前后分句的對比、轉折,意為“而……”。
歸納拓展
讓步狀語從句的其他表達:
(1)though/although 表示“雖然, 縱然”之意;
(2)even if, even though 表示“即使……”, “縱使……”之意;
(3)whether…or…/or not… 表示“不管是……還是……”之意;
(4)“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever” 表示“不管……都……” 之意;
(5)as引導的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現, 被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動詞原形。
如: Angry as he was, he couldn't help smiling.
盡管他很生氣, 他還是忍不住笑了。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①In China, there's plenty of rain in the southeast, 　 　 there's little in the northwest.
② We will go on with the work, 　 　 we can find the necessary tools or not.
[完成句子]/句式改寫
③　 　, they got along quite well in the summer camp. (while)
學生們盡管來自不同的國家,但是他們在夏令營相處得很融洽。
④　 　 the task was difficult, they managed to accomplish it in time.
→　 　, they managed to accomplish it in time. (用as倒裝句改寫)
雖然這個任務很難,他們還是設法按時完成了。
【答案】
①while
②whether
③While the students came from different countries
④Although/While/Even though；Difficult as the task was
He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
他力求既表現出繪畫對象的外在形象,又表現出他們內心的溫暖和人性。
not just…but…as well
句型公式
句式點撥
句中的“not just…but…as well”表示“不僅……, 而且……”, 相當于“not only…but (also)…”, 用來連接兩個并列的句子成分, 當連接兩個并列主語時, 謂語動詞必須與靠近的主語的人稱和數保持一致。
歸納拓展
適用于就近原則的結構:not…but…; either…or…; neither…nor…; not only…but also…; …or…等。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①Not just this manager 　 　 his son as well often plays tennis on the weekend.
②Since the earthquake occurred, not just the doctor but her workmates as well 　 　(engage) in saving the injured round the clock.
③Either you or the headmaster 　 　(be) to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
[完成句子]
④Sunglasses are 　 　 for fashion 　 　they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from ultraviolet rays.
太陽鏡不僅僅是為了時尚,也是保護視力免受紫外線傷害的好方法。
⑤Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing 　 　.
最近的研究表明,手機不僅改變了我們的文化,也改變了我們的身形。
【答案】
①but
②have been engaged
③is
④not just/only；but
⑤not only our culture, but the shapes of our bodies (as well)
三、convey
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
convey
vt. (to make ideas, feelings, etc. known to another person)傳達,表達;(to take sb/sth; to carry sb/sth; to transport sb/sth)運送
In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
在這幅作品中, 莫奈的目的是傳達場景中的光和運動——即場景給他的主觀印象, 而不是對場景本身的詳細記錄。
convey sth to sb 向某人傳達某事
convey sth/sb to someplace
把某物/某人送到某地
convey sth from…to… 把某物從……運送到……
convey one's feelings/meanings
表達某人的感情/意思
【佳句背誦】
(1)A painting is to convey not only the appearance of an object but also an artist's feelings.
一幅畫不僅要表現出物體的外觀,而且要表達出畫家的感情。
(2)You may rely on it that your baggage will be conveyed from the airport to your hotel.
你可以放心,你的行李將從機場運到你的旅館。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①She realized that Johnson was trying to convey　 　 her that he was lonely.
②During battle, messages 　 　(convey) by the carrier pigeon got through more often than those sent by plane.
③They took a more reasonable approach, 　 　(convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
[完成句子]
④I was so excited at the news that I was admitted to the university that I 　 　.
聽到我被大學錄取的消息,我特別激動,幾乎無法用言語表達我的感受。
⑤I am writing to 　 　 your kind help and care during my stay in Denmark, without which I wouldn't have enjoyed the trip so much. (應用文寫作之感謝信)
我寫信是為了表達我對你在我在丹麥期間給予的善意幫助和照顧的真誠感謝,如果沒有你的幫助和照顧,我不會如此享受這次旅行。
【答案】
①to
②conveyed
③conveying
④could hardly convey my feelings in words
⑤convey my sincere gratitude/appreciation for
四、purchase，emerge
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
influential
vt. (to buy something)購買;采購 n.購買;購買的東西
Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.
國王、貴族和地位高的人想要購買畫有他們自己和他們所愛之人的精確畫像。
(1)purchase sth for… 花(多少錢)購得某物
(2)make a purchase 采購
a good purchase/bargain 便宜貨
for the purchase of… 為了購買……
(3)purchaser n. 買方;購買人
【佳句背誦】
I'll purchase a gift for my grandma from a supermarket. But perhaps it may be more convenient for me to make a purchase online.
我要從超市給我奶奶買一份禮物。但也許我從網上買更方便。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①The group is the second largest 　 　(purchase) of fresh fruit in the US.
②I bought a second-hand computer for only 20 dollars in a sale; it was really　 　 good purchase.
③The prices of goods, 　 　(purchase) from the Internet, can be lower than those from commercial stores.
[完成句子]
④The new couple spent some money 　 　 the furniture for their new house.
這對新婚夫婦花了一些錢購置新房子里的家具。
⑤This is a free website, 　 　 almost all kinds of products.
這是一個免費的網站,你可以在那里購買幾乎所有種類的產品。
【答案】
①purchaser
②influential
③being influenced
④for the purchase of
⑤where you can purchase
emerge
vi. & vt. (to appear by coming out of something or from behind something)出現;浮現;暴露
From this, Impressionism emerged in France.
由此,印象主義在法國出現。
(1)emerge from 從……出現/浮現/露出
(2)emerging adj. 新興的;發展初期的
(3)emergence n. 出現,浮現;發生;露頭
with the emergence of 隨著……的出現/涌現
(4)emergency n. 緊急情況;突發事件
in case of emergency 萬一遇到緊急情況
【佳句背誦】
Soon after, young Chinese modern dancers began to emerge on the world stage with their unique style.
不久,年輕的中國現代舞蹈演員便開始以獨特的風姿在世界舞壇嶄露頭角。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①The world should work together and distribute information about new and 　 　 (emerge) disease threats around the world.
②The annual competition has encouraged the　 　 (emerge)of several talented young musicians.
③Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to 　 　 (emerge).
[完成句子]/一句多譯
④After the shower the sun 　 　 behind the clouds.
陣雨過后,太陽從云后探了出來。
⑤隨著小汽車的涌現, 交通沖突和交通事故的發生率也在上升。
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise　 　 cars. (emergence n.)
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise　 　. (emerge vi.)
【答案】
①emerging
②emergence
③emergencies
④emerged from
⑤with the emergence of；as cars emerge
五、influential，rank
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
influential
adj. (having a lot of influence on someone or something)有很大影響力的;有支配力的
Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452—1519), Michelangelo (1475—1564), and Raphael (1483—1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
一些頗具影響力的畫家, 例如萊昂納多·達·芬奇(1452年—1519年)、米開朗琪羅(1475年—1564年)和拉斐爾(1483年—1520年), 在喬托和馬薩喬的創新基礎上繼續發展, 創作出歐洲前所未見的一些最偉大的藝術作品。
(1)be influential in 在某方面有影響
(2)influence n. 影響, 作用;(對……)有影響的人(或物)
v.影響
have an influence/impact/effect on/upon
對……有影響
under the influence of 受……的影響
【佳句背誦】
Mary, who is an outstanding person in the medical world, is extremely influential in raising people's awareness of the disease.
瑪麗是醫學界的杰出人物,在提高人們對疾病的認識方面有著極其重要的影響。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①My physics teacher is my role model, whose influence 　 　 me has to do with my decision.
②Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote　 　 (influence) books and articles about China in the 1930s.
③So powerful are advertisements that no one can avoid 　 　 (influence) by them in modern society.
[完成句子]/一句多譯
④Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among 　 　 in film history.
卓別林不僅是個天才,還是電影史上最有影響力的人物之一。
⑤ 這位年輕的藝術家在父親的影響下,從大自然中汲取靈感,形成了自己獨特的藝術風格。
→The young artist, 　 　 his father, drew the inspiration from nature and formed his unique artistic style.(influence n.)
→The young artist, 　 　, drew the inspiration from nature and formed his unique artistic style.(influence vt.)
【答案】
①on/upon
②influential
③being influenced
④the most influential figures
⑤under the influence of；(who was) influenced by his father
rank
n. 地位;級別;行列 vt. & vi.(to give sb/sth a particular position on a scale according to quality, importance, success, etc.)把……分等級;使排成行
Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.
國王、貴族和地位高的人想要購買畫有他們自己和他們所愛之人的精確畫像。
(1)social rank 社會等級
of high rank 級別高的;地位高的
(2)rank among 躋身于……;屬于……之列
rank (sth) as… (把某事物)評為……;(把某
事物)列為……
rank/be ranked first/second…
排名第一/第二……
【佳句背誦】
Chinese calligraphy, like Chinese painting, ranks among the most important of traditional Chinese art.
中國書法和中國繪畫一樣,是中國傳統藝術中最重要的部分。
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①There is no doubt that Shakespeare ranks 　 　 the greatest writers in history.
②Since the 1930s, cancer has always been ranked 　 　 the disease people are most concerned about.
③Toronto is the largest city in Canada, 　 　(rank) among the most multicultural cities in the world.
[完成句子]
④China is abundant in rare earth resources, with its reserves 　 　 in the world.
中國稀土資源非常充足,儲量居世界第一。
⑤Learning that you 　 　 held last week, I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you.(應用文寫作之祝賀信)
得知你在上周舉行的英語演講比賽中排名第一,我寫信向你表示衷心的祝賀。
【答案】
①among
②as
③ranking
④ranking first
⑤ranked first in the English speech competition
六、in particular，set…apart from
【活學活用】幾道小題掌握常考詞匯、短語、句型；以練代背記單詞，眼過千遍不如手過一遍。
in particular
尤其;特別
In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
他的繪畫作品尤其因逼真的人臉和強烈的情感沖擊而有別于其他繪畫作品。
(1)particular adj. 特別的;特定的;格外的
be particular about… 對……講究、挑剔
(2)particularly(=in particular) adv.
特別,尤其;特別地;明確地
【活學活用】
[單句填空]
①He is very particular 　 　 the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
②We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, 　 　 (particular) when we are depressed.
③His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone 　 　 particular.
[完成句子]/句式改寫
④As a Chinese 　 　, I would like to introduce my favourite city—Beijing to you.
作為一個對旅游特別感興趣的中國人,我想向大家介紹我最喜歡的城市——北京。
⑤Mrs Green 　 　 her housework that few servants want to work for her.
→　 　 her housework that few servants want to work for her.
(用倒裝句改寫) 格林太太對家務活太挑剔了,以至于幾乎沒有傭人想給她干活。
【答案】
①about
②particularly　③in
④who is interested in travelling in particular/who is particularly interested in travelling
⑤is so particular about；So particular is Mrs Green about
set…apart from
使與眾不同;使突出;使優于……
In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
他的繪畫作品尤其因逼真的人臉和強烈的情感沖擊而有別于其他繪畫作品。
set about doing sth 開始做某事
set out to do sth 開始做某事
set aside 放在一邊;為……節省或保留(錢或時間);暫時不考慮
set down 寫下;記下
set off 出發;引發
【佳句背誦】
(1)Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart from other journalists.
她的文章清麗典雅,使她比其他新聞記者高出一籌。
(2)What sets him apart from most engineers is his constant desire to innovate and experiment.
他與大多數工程師的不同之處在于他不斷地渴望創新和實驗。
【活學活用】
用set短語的適當形式填空
①He had a particular voice, which 　 　 him 　 　 others in our small town.
②I sincerely hope you can 　 　 some time for our English speech contest and be a judge.
③To make his fortune abroad, he　 　 making the necessary preparations.
[完成句子]
④Park's works 　 　 typical modern art in that they're regarded as an extension of traditional culture.
帕克的作品與典型的現代藝術不同, 因為它們被視為傳統文化的延伸。
⑤（ ）the crowd is vital when you are looking for a new job.
當你在尋找新工作的時候,讓自己與眾不同是至關重要的。
【答案】
①set；apart from
②set aside
③sets about
④are set apart from
⑤Setting yourself apart from

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