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專題05 非謂語動(dòng)詞
年份 卷別 動(dòng)詞不定式 三年（16考） 過去分詞 三年（10考） 現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞 三年（15考） 命題趨勢
2024 新高考I卷 to give closed engineering 動(dòng)詞不定式： 考查不定式的句法功能（做目的狀語、定語、補(bǔ)語、主語和賓語）。 不定式的固定搭配和句型。 過去分詞： 考查過去分詞形式句法功能（做狀語、定語、補(bǔ)語）。 過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞辨析。 現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞： 考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式句法功能（做狀語、定語、補(bǔ)語、主語和賓語）。 動(dòng)詞-ing的固定搭配和句型。 高考真題對(duì)非謂語的考查往往以較長句子出現(xiàn)，需要注重結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化和情景化。
新高考II卷 to find inspired recalling
全國甲卷 to catch shared→share packing→ packed
浙江卷1月 to benefit designed
2023 新高考I卷 to bite to be lifted recognized wanting
新高考II卷 visiting
全國甲卷 to teach borrowing
全國乙卷 built recording; Having visited
北京卷 to address facing
浙江卷1月 surrounded
2022 新高考I卷 to increase Covering
新高考II卷 to see falling
全國甲卷 to talk to journey staying(改錯(cuò)) planning
全國乙卷 to strengthen shared inviting; causing(改錯(cuò))
浙江卷1月 to continue changing
北京卷 supposed
天津卷 To keep allowing
考點(diǎn)01 動(dòng)詞不定式
1.（2024年新高考I卷語法填空）These sepals open on warm days ________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
【答案】to give
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這些萼片在溫暖的日子里開放，為內(nèi)部植物提供陽光和新鮮的空氣。空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to give。
2.（2024年新高考II卷語法填空）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補(bǔ)充說，游客們穿過故居花園時(shí)，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯(lián)系。非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)形容詞“amazed”后的原因狀語，用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。故填to find。
3.（2024年浙江卷1月語法填空）However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
【答案】to benefit
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想買一件，那么多買一件來享受降價(jià)是沒有意義的。根據(jù)“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此處是指多買一件來享受降價(jià)，所以應(yīng)用to do不定式作目的狀語。故填to benefit。
4.（2024年全國甲卷語法填空）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ________（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.
【答案】to catch
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管村子任何層級(jí)的各種規(guī)模和類型的公園，但特別是國家公園，由于其規(guī)模大、種類多，往往會(huì)引起我們的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語，故填to catch。
5.（2024年全國甲卷改錯(cuò)） Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.
【答案】shared→share
【解析】 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：火鍋意味著家人和朋友坐在一起，把他們喜歡的東西放在一個(gè)鍋里，分享友誼和愛。不定式to后接動(dòng)詞原形sit ，dip和share，表示目的。故將shared改成share。
6.（2023年新高考I卷語法填空）To eat one, you have to decide whether ________(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】to bite
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。與后面to put 并列，空格需填動(dòng)詞不定式.to bite。句意：吃小籠包的時(shí)候，你必須要決定是先咬一個(gè)小口流出湯汁還是把整個(gè)小籠包放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。
7.（2023年新高考I卷語法填空）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)搭配allow sb to do sth.允許某人做某事，空格需用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，補(bǔ)足語與賓語是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，空格需填動(dòng)詞不定式被動(dòng)形式to be lifted。句意：最好的小籠包外皮很薄，從蒸籠中被取出來時(shí)不會(huì)撕裂或?yàn)⒊鋈魏螙|西。
8.（2023年全國甲卷語法填空）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
【答案】to teach
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：幾千年來，人們通過講寓言來傳授知識(shí)或傳授智慧。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“來傳授知識(shí)和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的狀語。故填to teach。
9.（2023年全國乙卷語法填空）________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while constantly growing.
【答案】Having visited
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，和主句主語“I”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成時(shí)態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Having visited。
10.（2023年北京卷語法填空）She called for action (address)the struggles of people around the world facing “too little water or too dirty water”.
【答案】 to address
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她呼吁采取行動(dòng)，解決世界各地面臨“水太少或水太臟”的人們的斗爭。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知address在句中作目的狀語，故用不定式。故填to address。
11.（2022年全國甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not staying out with my friends too late.
【答案】talk前面加to
【解析】考查短語。句意：我不愿意和他交談，經(jīng)常違反他讓我不要在外面待到很晚的規(guī)定。be willing to do意思為：愿意做，為固定短語。故在talk前面加to。
12.（2022年全國甲卷語法填空）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot.
【答案】to journey
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動(dòng)詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填to journey。
13.(2022年新高考I卷語法填空)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ______ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
【答案】to increase
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞“will extend”，剩下的這個(gè)“increase”作非謂語，由句意可知，increase在此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的不定式的形式。本句句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。故填to increase。
14.(2022·新高考II卷語法填空)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
【答案】to see
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：過了一會(huì)兒，艾瑞克聽到孩子們在外面玩耍的聲音，醒了過來。他把一把椅子推到陽臺(tái)上，爬上去看他們。句中的climb up為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，他要爬到陽臺(tái)去看他們（外面玩鬧的孩子們。），故應(yīng)該使用to do不定式作目的狀語。故填to see。
15.（2022年浙江卷1月語法填空）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans______ （continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
【答案】to continue
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：他打算繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)踐。動(dòng)詞plan后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式，plan to do sth“計(jì)劃做”，故填to continue。
16.（2022年全國乙卷語法填空）_______（strengthen）the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
【答案】To strengthen
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系”，需要用不定式作目的狀語。故填To strengthen。
17.（2022年天津卷單項(xiàng)選擇） ________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了讓精力充沛的學(xué)生能夠在雨天待在室內(nèi)活動(dòng)，James Naismith創(chuàng)造了籃球。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處意為“為了”表示目的，所以該處為不定式作目的狀語,且keep與邏輯主語James Naismith之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。
考點(diǎn)02 現(xiàn)在分詞
1.（2024年新高考I卷語法填空）The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
【答案】engineering
【解析】考查非謂語。engineer作動(dòng)詞表示“設(shè)計(jì)制造”，用其非謂語形式作定語。句意：最新的工程技術(shù)被用來創(chuàng)造一個(gè)同樣美麗的保護(hù)功能結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知，空處考查短語engineering techniques，意為“工程技術(shù)”，符合句意。故填engineering。
2.（2024年新高考II卷語法填空）______ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【答案】Recalling
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時(shí)，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動(dòng)人心。”非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，主語“Edmondson”和動(dòng)詞“recall”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填Recalling。
3.（2023年新高考I卷語法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ________(want) more next time.
【答案】wanting
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。這句話中已有謂語動(dòng)詞 am left,所以want這個(gè)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為非謂語動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語，want與邏輯主語是I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空格用現(xiàn)在分詞wanting。句意：無論我在哪里買，一籠都不夠，兩籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。
4.（2023年新高考II卷語法填空）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查分詞形容詞。句意：他們與蜂擁而至的國際游客和來訪的中國動(dòng)物園管理員交談，這些管理員經(jīng)常來檢查從中國租借來的大熊貓。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語；visit對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞為visiting“來訪的”。故填visiting。
5.（2023年全國甲卷語法填空）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【答案】borrowing
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：“從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。邏輯主語her fable與borrow之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填borrowing。
6.（2023年全國乙卷語法填空） ________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while constantly growing.
【答案】Having visited
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，和主句主語“I”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成時(shí)態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Having visited。
7.（2023年全國乙卷語法填空）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years________(record) everything I discovered.
【答案】recording
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：作為一名攝影師，我花了過去兩年的時(shí)間記錄我所發(fā)現(xiàn)的一切。spend+時(shí)間/金錢+(in)doing/名詞, “花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢做某事”，介詞可省略。
8.（2023·北京卷語法填空）She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world _____(face)“too little water or too dirty water”.
【答案】 facing
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她呼吁采取行動(dòng)，解決世界各地面臨“水太少或水太臟”的人們的斗爭。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知face與邏輯主語people構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，故填facing。
9.(2022年新高考I卷語法填空) _____ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】Covering
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中以及有一謂語動(dòng)詞作非謂語“will be”，且無連詞，動(dòng)詞cover需要用非謂語的形式。cover和句子的邏輯主語the GPNP為邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。本句句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。故填Covering。
10. (2022年新高考II卷語法填空)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (陽臺(tái)), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall) child.
【答案】falling
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)亨利看到一個(gè)小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽臺(tái)上時(shí)，他跑了100米，跳過了1. 2米高的柵欄，伸出雙臂去接要掉下來的孩子。句中的hold out為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，fall為動(dòng)詞，意為“掉落”， child和fall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的含義。故應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填falling。
11.（2022年全國甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.
【答案】stay →staying
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。of為介詞，后面的動(dòng)詞stay用動(dòng)名詞形式staying作賓語。故將stay改為staying。
12.（2022年全國甲卷語法填空）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】planning
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步返回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語動(dòng)詞flew，所以動(dòng)詞plan(計(jì)劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故填planning。
13.（2022年全國乙卷語法填空） To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, （invite）twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
【答案】 inviting
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，邏輯主語the event與invite之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填inviting。
14.（2022年全國乙卷短文改錯(cuò)）When you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So you are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.
【答案】cause → causing
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：所以你不會(huì)制造出二氧化碳，也不會(huì)造成空氣污染。本句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故將cause改為causing。
15.（2022年浙江卷1月語法填空）But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
【答案】changing
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：但是現(xiàn)在Cobb和其他人正在質(zhì)疑那個(gè)想法，推動(dòng)會(huì)議提供更多遠(yuǎn)程參加的機(jī)會(huì)以及為了盡自己的能力來應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化危機(jī)，他們正在改變他們的個(gè)人行為。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處and連接并列的動(dòng)詞questioning和change，故填changing。
16.（2022年天津卷單項(xiàng)選擇）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B. being allowed
C. having allowed D. having been allowed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)城市的溫度已經(jīng)從歷史最低溫度回歸正常，使得人們又重新開始享受戶外活動(dòng)。分析句子可知，句子謂語動(dòng)詞是have returned，allow用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式作狀語，根據(jù)句意，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，故選A。
考點(diǎn)03 過去分詞
1.（2024年新高考I卷語法填空） In cold weather, the structure stays ________ (close) to protect the plants.
【答案】closed
【解析】考查過去分詞作表語。句意：然后在寒冷的天氣里，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)保持關(guān)閉，以保護(hù)亞熱帶植物。空處用于stays之后作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞closed，表示“緊閉的”，符合題意。故填closed。
2.（2024年新高考II卷語法填空）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ______ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
【答案】inspired
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語，被修飾詞“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和動(dòng)詞“inspire”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填inspired。
3.（2024年浙江卷1月語法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
【答案】designed
【解析】考查過去分詞。句意：在過去的兩年里，一些超市開始銷售雞肉或沙拉包裝，設(shè)計(jì)成兩半，拆分成兩份。動(dòng)詞design意為“設(shè)計(jì)”，和謂語之間沒有連詞，和邏輯主語packs構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作后置定語。故填designed。
4.（2024年全國甲卷改錯(cuò)）Our fast train was packing with passengers.
【答案】packing→packed
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們快車上擠滿了乘客。be packed with“擠滿”，pack與train是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故將packing改成packed。
5.（2023年新高考I卷語法填空）Shanghai may be the _________(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace.
【答案】recognized
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。空格在名詞home前面需用分詞作定語，空格與被修飾詞是邏輯上動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞recognized作定語。recognized（ 被公認(rèn)的）。意思是上海是公認(rèn)的湯包的故鄉(xiāng)）。
6.（2023年全國乙卷語法填空）It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ________ (build) system of ring roads.
【答案】built
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，狹窄的胡同和皇家宮殿，它是3000多年輝煌歷史的家園，即使是在它的布局上，這座城市也保持著精心建造的環(huán)城公路系統(tǒng)。這里為非謂語動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)定語，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修飾詞“system of ring roads”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故填built。
7.（2022年全國乙卷語法填空）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed the opening ceremony. "... It can help to build a community with a （share）future for mankind," he said.
【答案】shared
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這有助于構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語來修飾名詞future。非謂語動(dòng)詞share和名詞future之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。故填shared。
8.（2023年浙江卷1月語法填空）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
【答案】surrounded
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由內(nèi)層和外層構(gòu)成的同心圓包圍。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，was是謂語動(dòng)詞，空格處需要填非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，主語the Forbidden City和surround之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞形式。故填surrounded。
8.（2022年北京卷語法填空） One theory, increasingly ________ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
【答案】supported
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：被專家越來越多地支持的一個(gè)理論表明氣味的偏好是習(xí)得的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處的動(dòng)詞做非謂語，結(jié)合空格后的by experts可判斷出該處意為“被專家們支持”，所以空格處應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。故填supported。
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