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魯教版(五四學制)中考英語復習專題3冠詞和數詞課件+學案(含答案)

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魯教版(五四學制)中考英語復習專題3冠詞和數詞課件+學案(含答案)

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(共78張PPT)
專題3 冠詞和數詞
語法導航 知識點構主干 
砥志研思 語法點摸脈絡 
考點一 冠詞
冠詞是置于名詞之前,幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物的一種虛詞。它不能離開名詞而單獨存在。冠詞有三種:不定冠詞a/an、定冠詞the、零冠詞。
名詞的數
考法1 不定冠詞的用法
用法 例句
用于第一次提到的可數名詞單數前 There is a book here.這里有一本書。
泛指人或事物的某一種類 An elephant is much larger than a horse.象比馬大多了。
用于序數詞前,表示“又一,再一” The cake is delicious,and I would like a second one.這蛋糕很可口,我想再要一個。
用法 例句
用于表示時間、速度、價格等意義的名詞前,有“每一”的意思,相當于every She watches TV three times a week.她一周看三次電視。
用于某些物質名詞或抽象名詞前,表示“一陣、一份、一場”等 There will be a heavy rain in North China tomorrow.明天華北將有一場大雨。
用于固定搭配中 little,a few,once upon a time,have a look,in a hurry,make a living
考法2 不定冠詞a和an的區別
用法 例子
a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞和字母前 a teacher,a policewoman,a university,a useful book,a UFO,a European country
an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞和字母前 an hour,an actor,an honest boy,an interesting story,an unusual story,an umbrella
定冠詞
考法1 定冠詞的用法
用法 例子
用于特指、前文已經提到過的或談話雙方都知道的人或事物前 I bought a watch.The watch was made in Switzerland.我買了一塊手表。這塊手表是瑞士制造的。
用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物前以及江河、山川或普通名詞構成的專有名詞前 The sun rises in the east.太陽在東方升起。
the Great Wall長城,the Yellow River黃河
用法 例子
用于序數詞、形容詞、副詞最高級前,以及對兩個人或事物進行比較時起特指作用的比較級前 The first lesson is very easy.第一課非常容易。
Maths is the most difficult subject for me.對我來說,數學是最難的科目。
用在表示演奏的樂器名詞前 play the piano 彈鋼琴,play the erhu 拉二胡
用法 例子
用在某些形容詞前,表示一類人或事物 The young should be polite to the old.年輕人應該對老年人有禮貌。
用于單數可數名詞前表示一類人或事物 The camel is a useful animal in the desert.駱駝是沙漠中一種有用的動物。
用于姓氏的復數形式前表示一家人或夫妻倆 The Greens are working in the garden now.現在格林一家正在花園里干活。
用法 例子
用在方位名詞前 Xinjiang lies in the northwest of China.新疆位于中國的西北部。
用于某些固定搭配 in the morning 在早上, all the time一直, by the way順便說一下, in the end在最后
零冠詞
用法 例子
不可數名詞和復數名詞表泛指時 Animals can't live without water.沒有水動物就不能生存。
在三餐、球類運動、語言、學科、棋類、游戲名詞前 have lunch 吃午飯,play football 踢足球, speak English 說英語, play chess 下象棋
用法 例子
在節日、星期、月份、季節等名詞前 Children's Day兒童節,on Monday在星期一,in May在五月,in spring 在春天
名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格等修飾時 your mother 你的媽媽,this book這本書, Jane's coat 簡的外套
與by連用的交通工具前 by bus乘公共汽車,by train 乘火車
用于固定搭配中 at home在家,at once立刻,in fact事實上, have fun玩得開心,in danger處于危險中
考點二 數詞
基數詞
考法1 表示數量、編號和百分數
five footballs 五個足球,Class Three 三班,ninety percent 90%
【注意】 表示確切數量時,hundred,thousand,million,billion不用復數形式;表示不確切數量時,要用復數+of,意為“成百的,成千上萬的,數百萬的,數十億的”
(1)表示整點,用“基數詞+o'clock”
2:00 two o'clock
(2)分鐘≤30,表示“幾點過幾分”,用“分鐘+past+小時”
6:15 six fifteen/a quarter past six
(3)分鐘>30,表示“差幾分到幾點”,用“分鐘+to+下個小時數”
9:50 ten to ten
考法2 表示時刻
(1)“基數詞+year(s)+old”表示“……歲”
Frank is seven years old.弗蘭克7歲。
(2)“at the age of+基數詞”表示“在……歲時”。
He could swim at the age of four.
他四歲就會游泳。
(3)“in one's+整十基數詞的復數”意為“在某人幾十多歲時”。
She began to learn English in her thirties.
她三十多歲時開始學習英語。
考法3 表示年齡
in the+年份-s 表示“在……世紀……年代”。in the 1840s 在19世紀40年代
考法4 表示年代
表示順序的數詞叫作序數詞。
基數詞變序數詞的規則
序數詞
基數詞 變化規則 例詞
1,2,3 特殊記 one→first
two→second
three→third
基數詞 變化規則 例詞
4—19 在詞尾加-th。其中8去t,9去e,ve要用f替 four→fourth
eight→eighth
nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
以-ty結尾的整十數字 變y為ie,再加-th twenty→twentieth sixty→sixtieth
20以上的兩位數(非整十數) 只變個位數 thirty-three →
thirty-third
(1)分數的構成:分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞。分子是1時,分母用單數;分子大于1時,作分母的序數詞用復數形式。
1/3 one third 1/5 one fifth 2/3 two thirds
2/5 two fifths 1/2 a half 1/4 a quarter
3/4 three quarters
分數、百分數表達法
考法1 分數
(2)分數的用法:“分數+of+名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數形式與of后的名詞形式保持一致。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
三分之二的工作已經完成。
百分數用阿拉伯數字加“%”或percent 表示,“%”讀作percent。 percent沒有復數形式。
40%:forty percent
考法2 百分數
1.(2024·菏澤中考)—What ________ interesting book!
—Yes,________ book is really amazing.
A.a; an   B.an; the   C.an; a

B [句意:——多有趣的書啊!——是的,這本書真的很棒。考查冠詞。第一空是泛指一本有趣的書,interesting以元音音素開頭,應用an;第二空是特指上文提到的那本書,應用定冠詞the。故選B。]
2.(2024·天津中考)My grandma has got ________ garden.And ______ flowers in it are beautiful.
A.a; the B.an; the
C.不填;不填 D.an; 不填

A [句意:我奶奶有一個花園。里面的花很漂亮。考查冠詞的用法。第一處泛指一個花園,“garden”首字母發輔音音素,用a;第二處特指花園里的花,用定冠詞the。故選A。]
3.(2024·甘肅中考)Linda often plays ________ piano after school.
A.a    B.an   
C.the    D./

C [句意:琳達放學后經常彈鋼琴。考查冠詞用法。piano是樂器,其前應加定冠詞the。play the piano“彈鋼琴”。故選C。]
4.(2023·鞍山中考)—The pen can translate what you write down into English.
—________ interesting invention!
A.What B.What an
C.How D.What a

B [句意:——這支筆可以把你寫的東西翻譯成英語。——多么有趣的發明啊!考查感嘆句以及冠詞。感嘆句的中心詞是可數名詞單數invention,用感嘆句結構what a/an adj.n.+主謂,interesting以元音音素開頭,用不定冠詞an。故選B。]
5.(2024·濱州中考)—The final exam is coming.How is it going
—Not bad,thanks.I just treat it as ________usual one.I think I can make it.
A.a B.an
C.the D./

A [句意:——期末考試就要來了。最近怎么樣?——還不錯,謝謝。我只是把它當作平常的一場考試。我想我能做到。考查冠詞。a不定冠詞,表泛指,用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表泛指,用于元音音素開頭的單詞前;the表特指;/不填。此處表示泛指,當作一場平常的考試,usual是以輔音音素開頭的。故選A。]
6.(2024·甘肅中考)I bought a new computer last weekend. ______ computer is made in China.
A.A B.An
C.The D./

C [句意:上周末我買了一臺新電腦。這臺電腦是中國制造的。考查冠詞的用法。此處特指前句中提到的電腦,用定冠詞the。故選C。]
8.(2024·牡丹江中考)There are ________ solar terms (節氣) in a year.Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth
C.the twenty-fourth

A [句意:一年有二十四個節氣。立春是第一個。考查數詞用法。twenty-four二十四,基數詞;twenty-fourth第二十四,序數詞;the twenty-fourth第二十四。根據“There are...solar terms in a year.”可知,此處表示“有二十四個節氣”,用基數詞強調數量。故選A。]
9.—Do you know when Mother's Day is
—Yes,of course.It's on the ________ Sunday in May every year.
A.two B.second
C.six D.sixth

B [句意:——你知道母親節在什么時候嗎?——當然知道。母親節在五月份的第二個星期天。考查數詞用法。“第二個”應用second。故選B。]
10.(2024·甘肅中考)June is the ________ month of a year.
A.fifth B.sixth
C.seventh D.eighth

B [句意:六月是一年中的第六個月。考查序數詞和常識。fifth第五;sixth第六;seventh第七;eighth第八。根據“June is the...month of a year.”和常識可知,六月是一年中的第六個月。故選B。]
課時規范訓練(二十八)
考查范圍:專題3 冠詞和數詞
(建議用時 30分鐘)
一、根據首字母或漢語提示填寫單詞或短語(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)
1.(2024·泰安高新區模擬)Lucy is eleven,and next year she is going to celebrate her t________ birthday.
twelfth [句意:露西十一歲了,明年她將慶祝她的十二歲生日。根據“Lucy is eleven,and next year”和首字母提示可知,空處的詞表示順序,應填表示 “第十二” 的序數詞twelfth。故填(t)welfth。]
welfth
2.(2024·黑龍江牡丹江二模)At the beginning of the ________ (第二十) century,China became a developing country.
twentieth [句意:20世紀初,中國成為一個發展中國家。根據中文提示twentieth“第二十”,修飾century。故填twentieth。]
twentieth
3.(2024·四川廣安三模)Three _______________ (第四) of the students in our class have been to Beijing before.
fourths/quarters [句意:我們班四分之三的學生以前去過北京。分析題干,此處表示四分之三。分數的表達,分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞,當分子大于一時,分母用復數。四分之三可以用three fourths;quarter意為“四分之一”,所以“四分之三”也可表達為“three quarters”。故填fourths/quarters。]
fourths/quarters
4.(2024·遼寧遼陽二模)There are ___________ (數以百計) students in the big classroom.
hundreds of [句意:大教室里有數百名學生。數以百計“hundreds of”,表示概數。故填hundreds of。]
hundreds of
5.(2024·江蘇宿遷一模)Peng Jingxuan,a young Chinese girl in her ________ (二十),is well known for playing the guzheng on the street of Paris.
twenties [句意:彭靜旋,一個20多歲的中國年輕女孩,因在巴黎街頭演奏古箏而聞名。根據“in her...”的搭配和漢語提示“二十”可知,這里考查固定搭配“in one's+整十基數詞的復數形式”,表示“在某人多少歲時”。數詞twenty意為“二十”,復數形式為twenties。故填twenties。]
twenties
6.(2024·達州中考)________ (百萬) of foreign tourists visit China every year.
Millions [句意:每年有數以百萬計的外國游客訪問中國。million“百萬”,millions of“數以百萬的”,句首首字母大寫。故填Millions。]
Millions
7.(2023·雅安中考)In our school,we usually do eye exercises ______ (兩次) a day.
twice [句意:在我們學校,我們通常一天做兩次眼保健操。twice“兩次”,twice a day“一天兩次”。故填twice。]
twice
8.(2023·濟寧一模)—Look at t____boy over there.He looks excited.
—Yeah,he has won first prize in the school English Reading & Writing Competition.
the [句意:——看那邊的那個男孩。他看起來很興奮。——是的,他在學校英語讀寫比賽中獲得了一等獎。根據“over there”和“He looks excited.”可知,是特指那邊的那個看起來很興奮的男孩,所以用定冠詞the,故填(t)he。]
he
9.(2024·廣安中考)December is the ________ (第十二) month of a year.
twelfth [句意:12月是一年中的第十二個月。twelfth“第十二”,是序數詞。故填twelfth。]
twelfth
10.(2024·江蘇揚州三模)The ___________ (三十三) Olympic Games was held in Paris in 2024.
thirty-third [句意:第三十三屆奧運會于2024年在巴黎舉行。根據“The...Olympic Games ”可知,指的是第33屆奧運會,此處應該用序數詞。thirty-three “三十三”,是基數詞,其序數詞為thirty-third。故填thirty-third。]
thirty-third
二、單項選擇(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)
1.(2024·涼山州中考)—Look at the triangle,if AC=3,BC=4,how long is AB
—It's ________.
A.five B.seven C.twelve

A [句意:——看這個三角形,如果AC=3,BC=4,AB有多長?——是5.考查數學運算。根據勾股定理,AC2+BC2=AB2,由此可得出,AB=5,故選A。]
2.(2024·自貢中考)—There is going to be the ________ Art Festival next week.
—Great.We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.
A.two B.first C.second

C [句意:——下周將舉行第二屆藝術節。——太棒了。我們可以再次欣賞一些美麗的畫。考查序數詞的用法。two二,基數詞;first第一,序數詞;second第二,序數詞。根據“the...Art Festival”可知,此處應填序數詞表示順序,根據again可知,這是第二次舉辦藝術節,故選C。]
3.(2024·陜西西安二模)There are ________ floors in the building.The art room is on the ________ floor.
A.twelfth; twelfth B.twelve; twelve
C.twelfth; twelve D.twelve; twelfth

D [句意:這棟樓有十二層。美術教室在十二樓。考查數詞。twelve十二,基數詞;twelfth第十二,序數詞。第一空后是復數,表示樓層數用基數詞;第二空后是單數名詞,表示在第幾層樓用序數詞。故選D。]
4.(2023·青島中考)I watched The Wandering EarthⅡ last night.It is ________ wonderful film.
A.a B.an
C.the D./

A [句意:我昨晚看了《流浪地球2》。它是一部精彩的電影。考查冠詞。此處泛指一部電影,“wonderful”的讀音以輔音音素/w/開頭,故選A。]
5.(2023·東營中考)After taking ________ class from Tiangong space station on October 12th,2022,I became interested in science.
A.a B.an
C.the D./

C [句意:在2022年10月12日上了天宮空間站的課之后,我對科學產生了興趣。考查冠詞。根據“________ class from Tiangong space station”可知,此處表示特指天宮空間站的課,此空應填the,故選C。]
6.(2023·營口中考)China's panda Ya Ya finished ________ 30-day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in ________ May.
A.a; a B.a; the
C.the; a D.a; /

D [句意:中國大熊貓丫丫抵達中國后在上海停留了30天,在五月份被送往了北京動物園。考查冠詞。30-day stay泛指“一段30天的停留”,30-day的讀音以輔音音素開頭,此空應用不定冠詞a;May是月份,前面不用冠詞。故選D。]
7.(2023·濱州中考)—What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet
—Oh,it is really ________ useful one.You can always find ________ information you need while traveling.
A.a; a B.an; an
C.a; the D.an; the

C [句意:——你覺得指南書《孤獨星球》怎么樣?——哦,它真的很有用。旅行時你總能找到你需要的信息。考查冠詞。第一個空泛指“一本有用的書”,useful的讀音以輔音音素開頭,其前用不定冠詞a;第二個空特指“你需要的信息”,其前用定冠詞the,故選C。]
8.(2023·十堰中考)—Do you know Journey to the West
—Yes.It's ________ interesting book.I like it very much.
A.a B.an
C.the D./

B [句意:——你知道《西游記》嗎?——是的,這是一本有趣的書,我非常喜歡。考查冠詞。此處泛指一本有趣的書,“interesting”的讀音以元音音素開頭,其前用不定冠詞an,故選B。]
9.(2023·白銀中考)—What's thirty and ten
—It's ________.
A.forty B.fifty
C.seventy D.eighty

A [句意:——30加10是多少?——40。考查數詞。forty四十;fifty五十;seventy七十;eighty八十。根據“What's thirty and ten?”可知30+10=40,故選A。]
10.(2023·濱州中考)The number of the fans going to this concert is about three ________.And ________ of them are girls.
A.thousand; two third
B.thousands; two third
C.thousand; two thirds
D.thousands; two thirds

C [句意:去聽這場音樂會的影迷大約有三千人。三分之二的是女孩。考查數詞辨析。thousand被具體的基數詞修飾時,用單數形式,表示具體的數,第一個空前有three,所以要填thousand;分數的表達:分子(基數詞)/分母(序數詞),當分子大于1時,分母中的序數詞要變為復數,所以三分之二則表達為“two thirds”,故選C。]
三、完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
(2024·蘭州中考改編)Peng Jingxuan,a girl from Hunan,was well-known for playing the guzheng near the Eiffel Tower  1  2018. The beautiful melodies (旋律) from her guzheng 2  tons of attention from listeners.
She has been playing the guzheng since she was 7 years old.She  
 3  playing the guzheng,an ancient musical instrument that dates back more than 2,500 years.She went to  4  for further study the year before 2018 and found that street performances in Paris were very popular.She tried playing the guzheng on the streets  5  received a warm welcome.
“I want to  6  the Chinese stories well in my own way,” Peng Jingxuan said.“I played many wonderful pieces on the streets.The more I played, 7  prouder I felt”.
She  8  picked music,including traditional guzheng pieces and pop songs with Chinese elements.“My dream is to make more people be  9  in the guzheng,” she said.“Also,there are lots of excellent … 10  spreading traditional Chinese culture around the world”.
【文章大意】 本文講述了古箏演奏者彭靜旋在法國巴黎的街頭演奏古箏,希望通過自己的音樂吸引人們對中國古箏的興趣,以此傳播中國文化和傳統。

1.A.on       B.in       C.at
B [句意:2018年,來自湖南的女孩彭靜旋因在埃菲爾鐵塔附近演奏古箏而聞名。on后接具體某一天;in后接年、月、季節等;at后接具體時刻。此處指在2018年,年份前應用介詞in。故選B。]

2.A.got B.gave C.paid
A [句意:她的古箏優美的旋律吸引了無數聽眾的注意。got得到;gave給;paid支付。根據“...tons of attention from listeners”可知,此處指得到很多聽眾的注意,用got。故選A。]

3.A.finishes B.avoids C.loves
C [句意:她喜歡演奏古箏,這是一種可以追溯到2500多年前的古老樂器。finishes結束;avoids避免;loves喜愛。根據“She...playing the guzheng”可知,此處指她喜歡彈奏古箏。故選C。]

4.A.America B.France C.Canada
B [句意:2018年的前一年,她去法國留學,發現巴黎的街頭表演非常受歡迎。America美國;France法國;Canada加拿大。根據“and found that street performances in Paris”可知,她去法國留學,發現巴黎街頭表演很受歡迎。故選B。]

5.A.but B.so C.and
C [句意:她試著在街上彈古箏,受到了熱烈的歡迎。but但是;so因此;and和。“tried playing the guzheng on the streets”和“received a warm welcome”之間是并列關系,用and連接。故選C。]

6.A.tell B.speak C.talk
A [句意:“我想用我自己的方式把中國故事講好,”彭靜旋說。tell講述;speak發言;talk談論。根據“the Chinese stories well”可知,此處指講述中國故事。故選A。]

7.A.a B.an C.the
C [句意:我演奏得越多,就越感到自豪。a不定冠詞,表泛指,用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表泛指,用于元音音素開頭的單詞前;the定冠詞。此處是“the+比較級, the+比較級”,意為“越……,越……”。故選C。]

8.A.nervously B.carefully C.suddenly
B [句意:她認真挑選音樂,包括傳統古箏和中國元素的流行歌曲。nervously緊張地;carefully認真地;suddenly突然。根據“She...picked music,including traditional guzheng pieces and pop songs with Chinese elements.”可知,此處指她認真挑選在街頭演奏的中國音樂。故選B。]

9.A.interested B.strict C.poor
A [句意:“我的夢想是讓更多人對古箏感興趣,”她說。interested感興趣的;strict嚴格的;poor可憐的。根據“My dream is to make more people be...in the guzheng”可知,此處指她想讓更多人對古箏感興趣。be interested in sth.“對某事感興趣”。故選A。]

10.A.doctors B.workers C.artists
C [句意:此外,還有很多優秀的藝術家在世界各地傳播中國傳統文化。doctors醫生;workers工人;artists藝術家。根據“there are lots of excellent...spreading traditional Chinese culture around the world”可知,彭靜旋彈奏古箏,屬于藝術領域,此處指還有很多藝術家在世界各地傳播中國傳統文化。故選C。]
四、綜合填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
根據短文內容,用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空,使文章通順、完整,每詞限用一次。
(2024·泰安岱岳區模擬)
I one spend fill try a when knee high strong
It was a bright and sunny day.I 1._____ the day with my friends at the local beach,and we were having a good time.However,there was one thing that was stopping me from enjoying 2.________ fully—my fear of heights.
My friends had decided to climb a large rock on the beach,and 3._____ they were ready to climb,I felt my heart sink (下沉) with fear.The rock was high,and the thought of climbing made me feel weak at my both 4._____.
spent
myself
when
knees
At 5.____, I tried to make excuses to avoid the climb.My friends could see through (看穿) my excuses and encouraged me to have a 6.___.They reminded me that it was okay to be scared,but it was not okay to let my fear control me.
So,I took 7.__ deep breath,and with shaky legs,I began to climb.
first
try
a
When I finally reached the top,I was 8._____with such a sense of achievement.I felt free and alive.I realized that sometimes,the things we fear the most can actually be the things that make us much 9.________.
From that moment on,I knew that I had overcome my fear of 10.________.I knew that I could overcome any trouble in the future.This was a day I would never forget.
filled
stronger
heights
【文章大意】 本文主要講述了作者和朋友在海灘度過了愉快的一天,并且通過攀巖克服了恐高癥。
1.spent [句意:我和朋友在當地的海灘度過了一天,我們玩得很開心。分析“I...the day with my friends at the local beach”可知,此處表示作者和朋友在當地的海灘度過了一天。動詞spend意為“度過”,根據“It was a bright and sunny day.”可知,時態是一般過去時,所以spend要變成過去式spent。故填spent。]
2.myself [句意:然而,有一件事讓我無法盡情享受——我的恐高癥。結合所給單詞I和空前的enjoying可知,本題考查短語enjoy oneself“盡情享受,玩得愉快”,所以空格處應填I的反身代詞myself。故填myself。]
3.when [句意:我的朋友們決定攀登海灘上的一塊大巖石,當他們準備攀登時,我感到我的心因恐懼而下沉。分析“...they were ready to climb,I felt my heart sink (下沉) with fear”可知,此處表示當他們準備攀登時,空格處表示“當……的時候”,應用when引導時間狀語從句。故填when。]
4.knees [句意:巖石很高,一想到要攀登,我就覺得雙膝發軟。根據上文“my fear of heights”可知,作者恐高,所以此處表示作者一想到要攀巖就雙膝發軟。名詞knee意為“膝蓋”,根據both可知,空格處應填knee的復數形式knees。故填knees。]
5.first [句意:起初,我試圖找借口逃避攀登。結合所給單詞one和空前的At可知,本題考查短語at first“起初”。故填first。]
6.try [句意:我的朋友們看穿了我的借口,鼓勵我試一試。have a try意為“試一試”。故填try。]
7.a [句意:于是,我深吸一口氣,邁著顫抖的雙腿開始攀爬。take a deep breath意為“深吸一口氣”。故填a。]
8.filled [句意:當我最終到達頂峰時,我充滿了成就感。be filled with意為“充滿”。故填filled。]
9.stronger [句意:我意識到有時候,我們最害怕的事情實際上可能會讓我們變得更加強大。“make sb.+形容詞”意為“使某人……”,所以空格處應填形容詞,much常和形容詞比較級連用,表示“……得多”,結合所給單詞可知,空格處應填形容詞strong“強大的”的比較級stronger。故填stronger。]
10.heights [句意:從那一刻起,我知道自己克服了恐高。of后應接high的名詞形式。fear of heights表示“恐高癥”。故填heights。]考點一 冠詞
冠詞是置于名詞之前,幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物的一種虛詞。它不能離開名詞而單獨存在。冠詞有三種:不定冠詞a/an、定冠詞the、零冠詞。
不定冠詞
考法1 不定冠詞的用法
用法 例句
用于第一次提到的可數名詞單數前 There is a book here.這里有一本書。
泛指人或事物的某一種類 An elephant is much larger than a horse.象比馬大多了。
用于序數詞前,表示“又一,再一” The cake is delicious,and I would like a second one.這蛋糕很可口,我想再要一個。
用于表示時間、速度、價格等意義的名詞前,有“每一”的意思,相當于every She watches TV three times a week.她一周看三次電視。
用于某些物質名詞或抽象名詞前,表示“一陣、一份、一場”等 There will be a heavy rain in North China tomorrow.明天華北將有一場大雨。
用于固定搭配中 little,a few,once upon a time,have a look,in a hurry,make a living
考法2 不定冠詞a和an的區別
用法 例子
a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞和字母前 a teacher,a policewoman,a university,a useful book,a UFO,a European country
an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞和字母前 an hour,an actor,an honest boy,an interesting story,an unusual story,an umbrella
定冠詞
考法1 定冠詞的用法
用法 例子
用于特指、前文已經提到過的或談話雙方都知道的人或事物前 I bought a watch.The watch was made in Switzerland.我買了一塊手表。這塊手表是瑞士制造的。
用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物前以及江河、山川或普通名詞構成的專有名詞前 The sun rises in the east.太陽在東方升起。
the Great Wall長城,the Yellow River黃河
用于序數詞、形容詞、副詞最高級前,以及對兩個人或事物進行比較時起特指作用的比較級前 The first lesson is very easy.第一課非常容易。
Maths is the most difficult subject for me.對我來說,數學是最難的科目。
用在表示演奏的樂器名詞前 play the piano 彈鋼琴,play the erhu 拉二胡
用在某些形容詞前,表示一類人或事物 The young should be polite to the old.年輕人應該對老年人有禮貌。
用于單數可數名詞前表示一類人或事物 The camel is a useful animal in the desert.駱駝是沙漠中一種有用的動物。
用于姓氏的復數形式前表示一家人或夫妻倆 The Greens are working in the garden now.現在格林一家正在花園里干活。
用在方位名詞前 Xinjiang lies in the northwest of China.新疆位于中國的西北部。
用于某些固定搭配 in the morning 在早上, all the time一直, by the way順便說一下, in the end在最后
零冠詞
用法 例子
不可數名詞和復數名詞表泛指時 Animals can't live without water.沒有水動物就不能生存。
在三餐、球類運動、語言、學科、棋類、游戲名詞前 have lunch 吃午飯,play football 踢足球, speak English 說英語, play chess 下象棋
在節日、星期、月份、季節等名詞前 Children's Day兒童節,on Monday在星期一,in May在五月,in spring 在春天
名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格等修飾時 your mother 你的媽媽,this book這本書, Jane's coat 簡的外套
與by連用的交通工具前 by bus乘公共汽車,by train 乘火車
用于固定搭配中 at home在家,at once立刻,in fact事實上, have fun玩得開心,in danger處于危險中
考點二 數詞
基數詞
考法1 表示數量、編號和百分數
five footballs 五個足球,Class Three 三班,ninety percent 90%
【注意】 表示確切數量時,hundred,thousand,million,billion不用復數形式;表示不確切數量時,要用復數+of,意為“成百的,成千上萬的,數百萬的,數十億的”
考法2 表示時刻
(1)表示整點,用“基數詞+o'clock”
2:00 two o'clock
(2)分鐘≤30,表示“幾點過幾分”,用“分鐘+past+小時”
6:15 six fifteen/a quarter past six
(3)分鐘>30,表示“差幾分到幾點”,用“分鐘+to+下個小時數”
9:50 ten to ten
考法3 表示年齡
(1)“基數詞+year(s)+old”表示“……歲”
Frank is seven years old.弗蘭克7歲。
(2)“at the age of+基數詞”表示“在……歲時”。
He could swim at the age of four.
他四歲就會游泳。
(3)“in one's+整十基數詞的復數”意為“在某人幾十多歲時”。
She began to learn English in her thirties.
她三十多歲時開始學習英語。
考法4 表示年代
in the+年份-s 表示“在……世紀……年代”。in the 1840s 在19世紀40年代
序數詞
表示順序的數詞叫作序數詞。
基數詞變序數詞的規則
基數詞 變化規則 例詞
1,2,3 特殊記 one→first two→second three→third
4—19 在詞尾加-th。其中8去t,9去e,ve要用f替 four→fourth eight→eighth nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
以-ty結尾的整十數字 變y為ie,再加-th twenty→twentieth sixty→sixtieth
20以上的兩位數(非整十數) 只變個位數 thirty-three→thirty-third
分數、百分數表達法
考法1 分數
(1)分數的構成:分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞。分子是1時,分母用單數;分子大于1時,作分母的序數詞用復數形式。
1/3 one third 1/5 one fifth 2/3 two thirds
2/5 two fifths 1/2 a half 1/4 a quarter
3/4 three quarters
(2)分數的用法:“分數+of+名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數形式與of后的名詞形式保持一致。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
三分之二的工作已經完成。
考法2 百分數
百分數用阿拉伯數字加“%”或percent 表示,“%”讀作percent。 percent沒有復數形式。
40%:forty percent
1.(2024·菏澤中考)—What      interesting book!
—Yes,     book is really amazing.
A.a; an   B.an; the   C.an; a
B [句意:——多有趣的書啊!——是的,這本書真的很棒。考查冠詞。第一空是泛指一本有趣的書,interesting以元音音素開頭,應用an;第二空是特指上文提到的那本書,應用定冠詞the。故選B。]
2.(2024·天津中考)My grandma has got      garden.And     flowers in it are beautiful.
A.a; the B.an; the
C.不填;不填 D.an; 不填
A [句意:我奶奶有一個花園。里面的花很漂亮。考查冠詞的用法。第一處泛指一個花園,“garden”首字母發輔音音素,用a;第二處特指花園里的花,用定冠詞the。故選A。]
3.(2024·甘肅中考)Linda often plays      piano after school.
A.a    B.an   
C.the    D./
C [句意:琳達放學后經常彈鋼琴。考查冠詞用法。piano是樂器,其前應加定冠詞the。play the piano“彈鋼琴”。故選C。]
4.(2023·鞍山中考)—The pen can translate what you write down into English.
—     interesting invention!
A.What B.What an
C.How D.What a
B [句意:——這支筆可以把你寫的東西翻譯成英語。——多么有趣的發明啊!考查感嘆句以及冠詞。感嘆句的中心詞是可數名詞單數invention,用感嘆句結構what a/an adj.n.+主謂,interesting以元音音素開頭,用不定冠詞an。故選B。]
5.(2024·濱州中考)—The final exam is coming.How is it going
—Not bad,thanks.I just treat it as     usual one.I think I can make it.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
A [句意:——期末考試就要來了。最近怎么樣?——還不錯,謝謝。我只是把它當作平常的一場考試。我想我能做到。考查冠詞。a不定冠詞,表泛指,用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表泛指,用于元音音素開頭的單詞前;the表特指;/不填。此處表示泛指,當作一場平常的考試,usual是以輔音音素開頭的。故選A。]
6.(2024·甘肅中考)I bought a new computer last weekend.     computer is made in China.
A.A B.An
C.The D./
C [句意:上周末我買了一臺新電腦。這臺電腦是中國制造的。考查冠詞的用法。此處特指前句中提到的電腦,用定冠詞the。故選C。]
7.(2024·東營中考)I am      child in my family.I have an elder brother and a younger sister.
A.one B.the first
C.the second D.the third
C [句意:我是家里的第二個孩子。我有一個哥哥和一個妹妹。考查序數詞。one一;the first第一;the second第二;the third第三。根據“I have an elder brother and a younger sister.”可知,“我”有一個哥哥和一個妹妹,所以“我”是家里的第二個孩子。故選C。]
8.(2024·牡丹江中考)There are      solar terms (節氣) in a year.Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth
C.the twenty-fourth
A [句意:一年有二十四個節氣。立春是第一個。考查數詞用法。twenty-four二十四,基數詞;twenty-fourth第二十四,序數詞;the twenty-fourth第二十四。根據“There are...solar terms in a year.”可知,此處表示“有二十四個節氣”,用基數詞強調數量。故選A。]
9.—Do you know when Mother's Day is
—Yes,of course.It's on the      Sunday in May every year.
A.two B.second
C.six D.sixth
B [句意:——你知道母親節在什么時候嗎?——當然知道。母親節在五月份的第二個星期天。考查數詞用法。“第二個”應用second。故選B。]
10.(2024·甘肅中考)June is the      month of a year.
A.fifth B.sixth
C.seventh D.eighth
B [句意:六月是一年中的第六個月。考查序數詞和常識。fifth第五;sixth第六;seventh第七;eighth第八。根據“June is the...month of a year.”和常識可知,六月是一年中的第六個月。故選B。]
課時規范訓練(二十八)
考查范圍:專題3 冠詞和數詞
(建議用時 30分鐘)
一、根據首字母或漢語提示填寫單詞或短語(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)
1.(2024·泰安高新區模擬)Lucy is eleven,and next year she is going to celebrate her t     birthday.
twelfth [句意:露西十一歲了,明年她將慶祝她的十二歲生日。根據“Lucy is eleven,and next year”和首字母提示可知,空處的詞表示順序,應填表示 “第十二” 的序數詞twelfth。故填(t)welfth。]
2.(2024·黑龍江牡丹江二模)At the beginning of the      (第二十) century,China became a developing country.
twentieth [句意:20世紀初,中國成為一個發展中國家。根據中文提示twentieth“第二十”,修飾century。故填twentieth。]
3.(2024·四川廣安三模)Three      (第四) of the students in our class have been to Beijing before.
fourths/quarters [句意:我們班四分之三的學生以前去過北京。分析題干,此處表示四分之三。分數的表達,分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞,當分子大于一時,分母用復數。四分之三可以用three fourths;quarter意為“四分之一”,所以“四分之三”也可表達為“three quarters”。故填fourths/quarters。]
4.(2024·遼寧遼陽二模)There are      (數以百計) students in the big classroom.
hundreds of [句意:大教室里有數百名學生。數以百計“hundreds of”,表示概數。故填hundreds of。]
5.(2024·江蘇宿遷一模)Peng Jingxuan,a young Chinese girl in her      (二十),is well known for playing the guzheng on the street of Paris.
twenties [句意:彭靜旋,一個20多歲的中國年輕女孩,因在巴黎街頭演奏古箏而聞名。根據“in her...”的搭配和漢語提示“二十”可知,這里考查固定搭配“in one's+整十基數詞的復數形式”,表示“在某人多少歲時”。數詞twenty意為“二十”,復數形式為twenties。故填twenties。]
6.(2024·達州中考)     (百萬) of foreign tourists visit China every year.
Millions [句意:每年有數以百萬計的外國游客訪問中國。million“百萬”,millions of“數以百萬的”,句首首字母大寫。故填Millions。]
7.(2023·雅安中考)In our school,we usually do eye exercises      (兩次) a day.
twice [句意:在我們學校,我們通常一天做兩次眼保健操。twice“兩次”,twice a day“一天兩次”。故填twice。]
8.(2023·濟寧一模)—Look at t     boy over there.He looks excited.
—Yeah,he has won first prize in the school English Reading & Writing Competition.
the [句意:——看那邊的那個男孩。他看起來很興奮。——是的,他在學校英語讀寫比賽中獲得了一等獎。根據“over there”和“He looks excited.”可知,是特指那邊的那個看起來很興奮的男孩,所以用定冠詞the,故填(t)he。]
9.(2024·廣安中考)December is the      (第十二) month of a year.
twelfth [句意:12月是一年中的第十二個月。twelfth“第十二”,是序數詞。故填twelfth。]
10.(2024·江蘇揚州三模)The      (三十三) Olympic Games was held in Paris in 2024.
thirty-third [句意:第三十三屆奧運會于2024年在巴黎舉行。根據“The...Olympic Games ”可知,指的是第33屆奧運會,此處應該用序數詞。thirty-three “三十三”,是基數詞,其序數詞為thirty-third。故填thirty-third。]
二、單項選擇(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)
1.(2024·涼山州中考)—Look at the triangle,if AC=3,BC=4,how long is AB
—It's     .
A.five B.seven C.twelve
A [句意:——看這個三角形,如果AC=3,BC=4,AB有多長?——是5.考查數學運算。根據勾股定理,AC2+BC2=AB2,由此可得出,AB=5,故選A。]
2.(2024·自貢中考)—There is going to be the      Art Festival next week.
—Great.We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.
A.two B.first C.second
C [句意:——下周將舉行第二屆藝術節。——太棒了。我們可以再次欣賞一些美麗的畫。考查序數詞的用法。two二,基數詞;first第一,序數詞;second第二,序數詞。根據“the...Art Festival”可知,此處應填序數詞表示順序,根據again可知,這是第二次舉辦藝術節,故選C。]
3.(2024·陜西西安二模)There are      floors in the building.The art room is on the      floor.
A.twelfth; twelfth B.twelve; twelve
C.twelfth; twelve D.twelve; twelfth
D [句意:這棟樓有十二層。美術教室在十二樓。考查數詞。twelve十二,基數詞;twelfth第十二,序數詞。第一空后是復數,表示樓層數用基數詞;第二空后是單數名詞,表示在第幾層樓用序數詞。故選D。]
4.(2023·青島中考)I watched The Wandering EarthⅡ last night.It is      wonderful film.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
A [句意:我昨晚看了《流浪地球2》。它是一部精彩的電影。考查冠詞。此處泛指一部電影,“wonderful”的讀音以輔音音素/w/開頭,故選A。]
5.(2023·東營中考)After taking      class from Tiangong space station on October 12th,2022,I became interested in science.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
C [句意:在2022年10月12日上了天宮空間站的課之后,我對科學產生了興趣。考查冠詞。根據“     class from Tiangong space station”可知,此處表示特指天宮空間站的課,此空應填the,故選C。]
6.(2023·營口中考)China's panda Ya Ya finished      30-day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in      May.
A.a; a B.a; the
C.the; a D.a; /
D [句意:中國大熊貓丫丫抵達中國后在上海停留了30天,在五月份被送往了北京動物園。考查冠詞。30-day stay泛指“一段30天的停留”,30-day的讀音以輔音音素開頭,此空應用不定冠詞a;May是月份,前面不用冠詞。故選D。]
7.(2023·濱州中考)—What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet
—Oh,it is really      useful one.You can always find      information you need while traveling.
A.a; a B.an; an
C.a; the D.an; the
C [句意:——你覺得指南書《孤獨星球》怎么樣?——哦,它真的很有用。旅行時你總能找到你需要的信息。考查冠詞。第一個空泛指“一本有用的書”,useful的讀音以輔音音素開頭,其前用不定冠詞a;第二個空特指“你需要的信息”,其前用定冠詞the,故選C。]
8.(2023·十堰中考)—Do you know Journey to the West
—Yes.It's      interesting book.I like it very much.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
B [句意:——你知道《西游記》嗎?——是的,這是一本有趣的書,我非常喜歡。考查冠詞。此處泛指一本有趣的書,“interesting”的讀音以元音音素開頭,其前用不定冠詞an,故選B。]
9.(2023·白銀中考)—What's thirty and ten
—It's     .
A.forty B.fifty
C.seventy D.eighty
A [句意:——30加10是多少?——40。考查數詞。forty四十;fifty五十;seventy七十;eighty八十。根據“What's thirty and ten?”可知30+10=40,故選A。]
10.(2023·濱州中考)The number of the fans going to this concert is about three     .And      of them are girls.
A.thousand; two third
B.thousands; two third
C.thousand; two thirds
D.thousands; two thirds
C [句意:去聽這場音樂會的影迷大約有三千人。三分之二的是女孩。考查數詞辨析。thousand被具體的基數詞修飾時,用單數形式,表示具體的數,第一個空前有three,所以要填thousand;分數的表達:分子(基數詞)/分母(序數詞),當分子大于1時,分母中的序數詞要變為復數,所以三分之二則表達為“two thirds”,故選C。]
三、完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
(2024·蘭州中考改編)Peng Jingxuan,a girl from Hunan,was well-known for playing the guzheng near the Eiffel Tower  1  2018. The beautiful melodies (旋律) from her guzheng 2  tons of attention from listeners.
She has been playing the guzheng since she was 7 years old.She  3  playing the guzheng,an ancient musical instrument that dates back more than 2,500 years.She went to  4  for further study the year before 2018 and found that street performances in Paris were very popular.She tried playing the guzheng on the streets  5  received a warm welcome.
“I want to  6  the Chinese stories well in my own way,” Peng Jingxuan said.“I played many wonderful pieces on the streets.The more I played, 7  prouder I felt”.
She  8  picked music,including traditional guzheng pieces and pop songs with Chinese elements.“My dream is to make more people be  9  in the guzheng,” she said.“Also,there are lots of excellent  10  spreading traditional Chinese culture around the world”.
【文章大意】 本文講述了古箏演奏者彭靜旋在法國巴黎的街頭演奏古箏,希望通過自己的音樂吸引人們對中國古箏的興趣,以此傳播中國文化和傳統。
1.A.on       B.in       C.at
B [句意:2018年,來自湖南的女孩彭靜旋因在埃菲爾鐵塔附近演奏古箏而聞名。on后接具體某一天;in后接年、月、季節等;at后接具體時刻。此處指在2018年,年份前應用介詞in。故選B。]
2.A.got B.gave C.paid
A [句意:她的古箏優美的旋律吸引了無數聽眾的注意。got得到;gave給;paid支付。根據“...tons of attention from listeners”可知,此處指得到很多聽眾的注意,用got。故選A。]
3.A.finishes B.avoids C.loves
C [句意:她喜歡演奏古箏,這是一種可以追溯到2500多年前的古老樂器。finishes結束;avoids避免;loves喜愛。根據“She...playing the guzheng”可知,此處指她喜歡彈奏古箏。故選C。]
4.A.America B.France C.Canada
B [句意:2018年的前一年,她去法國留學,發現巴黎的街頭表演非常受歡迎。America美國;France法國;Canada加拿大。根據“and found that street performances in Paris”可知,她去法國留學,發現巴黎街頭表演很受歡迎。故選B。]
5.A.but B.so C.and
C [句意:她試著在街上彈古箏,受到了熱烈的歡迎。but但是;so因此;and和。“tried playing the guzheng on the streets”和“received a warm welcome”之間是并列關系,用and連接。故選C。]
6.A.tell B.speak C.talk
A [句意:“我想用我自己的方式把中國故事講好,”彭靜旋說。tell講述;speak發言;talk談論。根據“the Chinese stories well”可知,此處指講述中國故事。故選A。]
7.A.a B.an C.the
C [句意:我演奏得越多,就越感到自豪。a不定冠詞,表泛指,用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表泛指,用于元音音素開頭的單詞前;the定冠詞。此處是“the+比較級, the+比較級”,意為“越……,越……”。故選C。]
8.A.nervously B.carefully C.suddenly
B [句意:她認真挑選音樂,包括傳統古箏和中國元素的流行歌曲。nervously緊張地;carefully認真地;suddenly突然。根據“She...picked music,including traditional guzheng pieces and pop songs with Chinese elements.”可知,此處指她認真挑選在街頭演奏的中國音樂。故選B。]
9.A.interested B.strict C.poor
A [句意:“我的夢想是讓更多人對古箏感興趣,”她說。interested感興趣的;strict嚴格的;poor可憐的。根據“My dream is to make more people be...in the guzheng”可知,此處指她想讓更多人對古箏感興趣。be interested in sth.“對某事感興趣”。故選A。]
10.A.doctors B.workers C.artists
C [句意:此外,還有很多優秀的藝術家在世界各地傳播中國傳統文化。doctors醫生;workers工人;artists藝術家。根據“there are lots of excellent...spreading traditional Chinese culture around the world”可知,彭靜旋彈奏古箏,屬于藝術領域,此處指還有很多藝術家在世界各地傳播中國傳統文化。故選C。]
四、綜合填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
根據短文內容,用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空,使文章通順、完整,每詞限用一次。
(2024·泰安岱岳區模擬)
I one spend fill try a when knee high strong
It was a bright and sunny day.I 1.     the day with my friends at the local beach,and we were having a good time.However,there was one thing that was stopping me from enjoying 2.     fully—my fear of heights.
My friends had decided to climb a large rock on the beach,and 3.     they were ready to climb,I felt my heart sink (下沉) with fear.The rock was high,and the thought of climbing made me feel weak at my both 4.    .
At 5.    , I tried to make excuses to avoid the climb.My friends could see through (看穿) my excuses and encouraged me to have a 6.    .They reminded me that it was okay to be scared,but it was not okay to let my fear control me.
So,I took 7.     deep breath,and with shaky legs,I began to climb.
When I finally reached the top,I was 8.    with such a sense of achievement.I felt free and alive.I realized that sometimes,the things we fear the most can actually be the things that make us much 9.    .
From that moment on,I knew that I had overcome my fear of 10.    .I knew that I could overcome any trouble in the future.This was a day I would never forget.
【文章大意】 本文主要講述了作者和朋友在海灘度過了愉快的一天,并且通過攀巖克服了恐高癥。
1.spent [句意:我和朋友在當地的海灘度過了一天,我們玩得很開心。分析“I...the day with my friends at the local beach”可知,此處表示作者和朋友在當地的海灘度過了一天。動詞spend意為“度過”,根據“It was a bright and sunny day.”可知,時態是一般過去時,所以spend要變成過去式spent。故填spent。]
2.myself [句意:然而,有一件事讓我無法盡情享受——我的恐高癥。結合所給單詞I和空前的enjoying可知,本題考查短語enjoy oneself“盡情享受,玩得愉快”,所以空格處應填I的反身代詞myself。故填myself。]
3.when [句意:我的朋友們決定攀登海灘上的一塊大巖石,當他們準備攀登時,我感到我的心因恐懼而下沉。分析“...they were ready to climb,I felt my heart sink (下沉) with fear”可知,此處表示當他們準備攀登時,空格處表示“當……的時候”,應用when引導時間狀語從句。故填when。]
4.knees [句意:巖石很高,一想到要攀登,我就覺得雙膝發軟。根據上文“my fear of heights”可知,作者恐高,所以此處表示作者一想到要攀巖就雙膝發軟。名詞knee意為“膝蓋”,根據both可知,空格處應填knee的復數形式knees。故填knees。]
5.first [句意:起初,我試圖找借口逃避攀登。結合所給單詞one和空前的At可知,本題考查短語at first“起初”。故填first。]
6.try [句意:我的朋友們看穿了我的借口,鼓勵我試一試。have a try意為“試一試”。故填try。]
7.a [句意:于是,我深吸一口氣,邁著顫抖的雙腿開始攀爬。take a deep breath意為“深吸一口氣”。故填a。]
8.filled [句意:當我最終到達頂峰時,我充滿了成就感。be filled with意為“充滿”。故填filled。]
9.stronger [句意:我意識到有時候,我們最害怕的事情實際上可能會讓我們變得更加強大。“make sb.+形容詞”意為“使某人……”,所以空格處應填形容詞,much常和形容詞比較級連用,表示“……得多”,結合所給單詞可知,空格處應填形容詞strong“強大的”的比較級stronger。故填stronger。]
10.heights [句意:從那一刻起,我知道自己克服了恐高。of后應接high的名詞形式。fear of heights表示“恐高癥”。故填heights。]
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)專題3 冠詞和數詞
砥志研思·語法點摸脈絡
練多維
1.B [句意:——多有趣的書啊!——是的,這本書真的很棒。考查冠詞。第一空是泛指一本有趣的書,interesting以元音音素開頭,應用an;第二空是特指上文提到的那本書,應用定冠詞the。故選B。]
2.A [句意:我奶奶有一個花園。里面的花很漂亮。考查冠詞的用法。第一處泛指一個花園,“garden”首字母發輔音音素,用a;第二處特指花園里的花,用定冠詞the。故選A。]
3.C [句意:琳達放學后經常彈鋼琴。考查冠詞用法。piano是樂器,其前應加定冠詞the。play the piano“彈鋼琴”。故選C。]
4.B [句意:——這支筆可以把你寫的東西翻譯成英語。——多么有趣的發明啊!考查感嘆句以及冠詞。感嘆句的中心詞是可數名詞單數invention,用感嘆句結構what a/an adj.n.+主謂,interesting以元音音素開頭,用不定冠詞an。故選B。]
5.A [句意:——期末考試就要來了。最近怎么樣?——還不錯,謝謝。我只是把它當作平常的一場考試。我想我能做到。考查冠詞。a不定冠詞,表泛指,用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表泛指,用于元音音素開頭的單詞前;the表特指;/不填。此處表示泛指,當作一場平常的考試,usual是以輔音音素開頭的。故選A。]
6.C [句意:上周末我買了一臺新電腦。這臺電腦是中國制造的。考查冠詞的用法。此處特指前句中提到的電腦,用定冠詞the。故選C。]
7.C [句意:我是家里的第二個孩子。我有一個哥哥和一個妹妹。考查序數詞。one一;the first第一;the second第二;the third第三。根據“I have an elder brother and a younger sister.”可知,“我”有一個哥哥和一個妹妹,所以“我”是家里的第二個孩子。故選C。]
8.A [句意:一年有二十四個節氣。立春是第一個。考查數詞用法。twenty-four二十四,基數詞;twenty-fourth第二十四,序數詞;the twenty-fourth第二十四。根據“There are...solar terms in a year.”可知,此處表示“有二十四個節氣”,用基數詞強調數量。故選A。]
9.B [句意:——你知道母親節在什么時候嗎?——當然知道。母親節在五月份的第二個星期天。考查數詞用法。“第二個”應用second。故選B。]
10.B [句意:六月是一年中的第六個月。考查序數詞和常識。fifth第五;sixth第六;seventh第七;eighth第八。根據“June is the ... month of a year.”和常識可知,六月是一年中的第六個月。故選B。]

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