資源簡介

專題05 句法之賓語從句及定語從句
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
賓語從句 2
定語從句 12
中考練場 19
【題型解讀】
賓語從句為中考的必考點，主要在單項選擇題中考查，側重考查其引導詞、語序、時態的應用。一般至少會涉及兩個考查點：
①引導詞相同，語序和時態不同；
②時態一致，語序和引導詞不同。而且通常都會在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder，Would/Could you please tell me, Can you tell me, Do you know, I don’t know等等。
定語從句是在整個句子中充當定語的句子，他的作用就是用來修飾和限定名詞的。引導定語從句的關系代詞有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人時可用that或who，指物時可用that或which，但有時只能用that不能用which。常見的情況有下列四種：
1. 當先行詞是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞時。
2. 當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。
3. 當先行詞有the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。
4. 當先行詞既有人又有物時，用that不用which。
【命題規律】
1. 賓語從句重點考查四個方面，即：時態、語序、引導詞和人稱。根據賓語從句語義及語法成分確定連接詞: when, where, why, whether/if, how, who, whom等。賓語從句語法成分齊全時可用that連接，that也可省略。
2. 定語從句關系代詞與關系副詞的區別。常見的關系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關系副詞包括where，when，why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。
一看指人還是物（指人用that、who、whom; 指物用that、which）
二看在句中作什么成分（作主語用who、which、that;作賓語用who、whom、which、that;作定語用whose;作狀語用where、when等）
三看是否屬于特殊情況：即引導詞只能用that的情況：（先行詞是all、something等不定代詞時;先行詞被最高級或序數詞修飾時;先行詞既指人又指物時)
【解題技巧】
做此類試題時，首先從語序著手，賓語從句的語序應該為陳述句語序，即：主語+謂語+賓語+其他；再從時態考慮，一般情況下，賓語從句的時態要和主句的時態保持一致，但是，如果有明顯的時間狀語，要以時間狀語來判斷時態；最后，再判斷疑問詞。
賓語從句的解題技巧
①語序法：看句子是否為陳述語序（特殊情況除外）
②補全法：看句子是否完整，成分有無殘缺
定語從句的解題技巧
對于初中階段，選準關系代詞和關系副詞。在定語從句中，關系代詞和關系副詞都代替先行詞在從句中充當一定的成分，如果該從句中缺少主語、表語、賓語或定語，就要用關系代詞來連接從句；如果從句中缺少狀語，就要用關系副詞來連接從句。
（一）賓語從句
【考點詮釋】
考點 考向 考法/命題角度
連接詞 從時態、語序、引導詞三個方面綜合考查 引導詞,不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that;一般疑問是否(if,whether)替;特殊問句更好辦,引導還用疑問詞。
時態 時態變化,主句不同從句異。主句若為現在時,從句時態應看意;主句若為過去時,從句時態應變相應過; 從句若為真理時,永用一般現在時。
語序 語序要記清,從句永保陳述序。
【典題舉隅】
1．（2024·江蘇鎮江·模擬預測）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.
A．how far Nianhua Bay is B．how far is Nianhua Bay
C．how can I get to Nianhua Bay D．how I can get to Nianhua Bay
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——對不起，你能告訴我怎么去拈花灣嗎？——嗯，有點遠。你坐公共汽車去那兒。
考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述句語序，排除B和C選項；結合回答“Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.”可知，此處問的是“怎么到拈花灣”，故選D。
2．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）Look, there are so many people waiting outside the new store. Could you tell me ________
A．what can I buy in the store B．what are sold in the new store
C．whether the store opened every day D．how long will the special offer last
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：看，有這么多的人在新店外面等著。你能告訴我新商店賣什么嗎？
考查賓語從句。分析“Could you tell me... ”可知，空處是賓語從句，賓語從句應采用陳述語序，所以排除選項A和D；結合語境可知，選項C應用一般現在時，然而選項C采用的卻是一般過去時，所以排除選項C。故選B。
3．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ I can get to the Space Museum
—Of course. You can take bus No. 1.
A．where B．how C．if D．why
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——打擾了，你能告訴我如何去太空博物館嗎 ——當然，你可以乘一路公交車。
考查賓語從句的引導詞。where在哪里，表示地點；how如何，表示方式；if是否；why為什么，表示原因。根據“You can take bus No. 1.”可知詢問如何到達太空博物館。故選B。
4．（2024·江蘇連云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________
— Paul I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet.
A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——詹姆斯，你能告訴我保羅是什么樣的人嗎？——保羅？我已經很多年沒見到他了。他過去很害羞，很安靜。
考查賓語從句。根據“James, can you tell me…”可知，空處為賓語從句，從句語序應為陳述句語序，排除A和D；根據“He used to be shy and quiet.”可知，詢問保羅是什么樣的人，應用what...be like。故選B。
5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）I don’t know ________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me
A．when we start B．when did we start
C．when we will start D．when will we start
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：我不知道明天我們什么時候開始慈善演出。你能告訴我嗎？
考查賓語從句。根據“I don’t know…the charity show tomorrow.”可知，此處應用賓語從句，用陳述語序，時態為一般將來時。故選C。
6．（2024·江蘇徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true.
A．where B．when C．why D．whether
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：報道說養寵物有助于孩子成長。我想知道它是否是真的。
考查賓語從句。where在哪里；when何時；why為什么；whether是否。根據“Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up.”可知，此處表示想知道這是否是真的，應用whether引導賓語從句。故選D。
7．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—China launched its Chang’e 6 spacecraft at Wenchang on May 3rd, 2024.
—What good news! I wonder ________.
A．that it will stay on the moon
B．how many astronauts are there in it
C．how soon will it return from the moon
D．whether it will collect some rocks from the moon
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——2024年5月3日，中國在文昌發射了嫦娥六號飛船。——好消息！不知道它是否會收集一些月球巖石。
考查賓語從句。空處位于動詞wonder后，此句為賓語從句，語序為陳述句語序，即“主語+謂語”的語序，選項B、C錯誤。根據“wonder”可知，后面應該接對某人或某事的疑問，應用表示疑問的連接詞。故選D。
8．（2024·江蘇常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______
A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that
C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：環境問題讓每個人都擔憂。你能告訴我是否它可能導致全球變暖嗎？
考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述語序，排除A；根據“The problems of the environment worry everyone.”可知詢問環境問題是否可能導致全球變暖。故選D。
9．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）Shenzhou-18 lifted off successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．when it would come back to Earth
B．why are the three astronauts chosen for China Space Station
C．how many astronauts entered China Space Station
D．what will it mean to the development of China’s space industry
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：神舟18號成功發射了！你能告訴我有多少宇航員進入了中國空間站？
考查賓語從句。賓語從句的語序是陳述語序，排除選項B和D；主句時態是一般現在時，選項A時態不符合，故選C。
10．（2024·江蘇常州·三模）—I’m looking for a dress for myself, but I’m wondering ________.
—Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!
A．that I can try on the white dress B．how much I should pay for the white dress
C．if the white dress looks good on me D．that the white dress looks good on me
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——我在為自己找一條裙子，但我想知道這條白色的裙子穿在我身上是否好看。——哇！很好。它非常適合你！
考查賓語從句。根據答語“Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!”并結合選項可知，此處詢問裙子穿在自己身上是否好看，所以C項正確。故選C。
11．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）—Could you tell me ________
—Better than I expected.
A．when you took your exams B．how your speech was
C．if you went to the concert D．why you left your hometown
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我你的演講怎么樣嗎？——比預期的好。
考查賓語從句。when you took your exams你什么時候考試；how your speech was你的演講怎么樣；if you went to the concert你是否去聽音樂會；why you left your hometown你為什么離開家鄉。根據“Better than I expected.”可知問的對某件事的評價，故B項符合題意。故選B。
12．（2024·江蘇揚州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa.
—He is so brave! I wonder ________.
A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before
C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——米莉很擔心她的哥哥，他加入了醫療隊去了非洲。——他太勇敢了！我想知道他多久能從非洲回來。
考查賓語從句。how long he has been to Africa表述有誤，應用has been in表示“在某地待了多長時間”；whether he has gone to Africa before表述有誤，用has been to，表示“是否去過某地”；how many times she has been in Africa表述有誤，應用has been to，表示“去過某地”；how soon he’ll return from Africa他多久能從非洲回來。ABC表述錯誤。故選D。
13．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—Dragon Boat Festival is one of the traditional festivals. Could you tell me ______
—We make Zongzi and watch boat races.
A．what do you like about the Dragon Boat Festival
B．how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C．when Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D．what Chinese people usually do at the Dragon Boat Festival
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——端午節是傳統節日之一。你能告訴我中國人在端午節通常做什么嗎？——我們包粽子，看龍舟比賽。
考查賓語從句。原句是賓語從句，需用陳述語序，排除A項；根據“We make Zongzi and watch boat races”可知，上句是問在端午節做什么，應用what引導賓語從句，排除B和C。故選D。
14．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th. Do you know ________
A．if they will carry out many tasks B．where it would land on Earth at last
C．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station D．how many days did they stay
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：神舟17號三人組團隊在4月30日回到了地球上。你知道它什么時候被發送到天宮空間站的嗎？
考查賓語從句。賓語從句使用陳述句語序，排除D。根據“The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th”可知，是已經完成了任務并返回到了地球，排除AB。故選C。
15．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）—Excuse me, I wonder _________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookshop.
A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office
C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——打擾一下，我想知道這里是否有新的郵局。——有的，在書店附近。
考查賓語從句。根據“yes”可知，賓語從句的引導詞只能用if或whether；結合“it’s near the bookshop”可知，此處應詢問某個地方在哪或是否有某個地方，故選B。
16．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）—Helen, do you know ________
—They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.
A．what do sparrows like B．how sparrows are
C．what sparrows look like D．how do sparrows look like
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——海倫，你知道麻雀長什么樣子嗎？——它們很小。它們長著灰褐色的羽毛。
考查what引導的賓語從句。根據“They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.”可知，詢問長相可用“What do/does sb/sth look like ”來提問，排除B和D；根據“do you know”可知后接賓語從句，從句采用陳述語序。故選C。
17．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—What did the teacher say just now
—He asked me ________.
A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then
C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——老師剛才說了什么？——他問我當時為什么看起來很生氣。
考查賓語從句。who I am shouting at我在對誰喊；why I looked angry them我當時為什么看起來很生氣；when I will go to the concert我什么時候去聽音樂會；how could I do the maths problem我怎么做這道數學題。根據“He asked me”可知，此處是賓語從句，應該用陳述語序，排除D項。此句主句是一般過去時，賓語從句的時態遵循“主過從必過”原則，所以選項A和C時態不妥。故選B。
18．（2024·江蘇淮安·二模）—I want to know ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the train ticket B．how can I buy the train ticket
C．when I can buy the train ticket D．when can I buy the train ticket
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——我想知道怎樣才能買到便宜的火車票。——您可以通過我們的官方APP預訂。
考查賓語從句。根據“I want to know”可知，句子含賓語從句，從句用陳述語序，排除B和D；根據“You can book one through our official APP.”可知是詢問訂機票的方式，用how提問。故選A。
19．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—It has been some time since the Shenzhou-18 astronauts entered China’s space station. I wonder ________.
—It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.
A．that they enjoy their life in space
B．what their daily life was like in space
C．how soon these astronauts will return
D．if they have any special tasks to complete
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——自從神舟18號宇航員進入到中國空間站已經有一段時間了，我想知道是否他們是否有特別的任務需要完成？——據報道，他們將會第一次在失重的情況下養魚。
考查賓語從句。根據“I wonder”可知從句是疑問句，不能用that引導，排除A；根據回答“It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.”可知是回答“是否有特殊任務”的話題，故選D。
20．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》) written by Li Juan is a best seller this year.
—Really I want to borrow it. Could you tell me ________
A．that I can borrow it B．when should I return it
C．how long I can borrow it D．if I can keep it for one week
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——李娟的《我的阿勒泰》是今年的暢銷書。——真的嗎？我想借它。你能告訴我能不能借一個星期嗎？
考查賓語從句、延續性動詞和非延續性動詞。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除B；根據“Could you tell me...”可知此處不能用that引導賓語從句，排除A；選項C中的how long應與延續性動詞連用，borrow是非延續性動詞，故排除C。故選D。
21．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know ________.
A．what different colors represent B．how can colors influence people
C．that blue hat matches her dress D．whether does red bring her success
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：Becky正在上網。她想知道不同顏色代表什么。
考查賓語從句。賓語從句應用陳述語序，排除B和D，根據“Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know”可知，賓語從句是疑問句，引導詞用特殊疑問詞，排除C。故選A。
22．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________.
A．why should we take care of the earth
B．what we can do to improve our manners
C．whether we are rude to other living things
D．that it is important to protect the environment
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：“我們已經忘記了如何做一個好客人，如何像其他生物一樣在地球上輕盈地行走。”這個句子告訴我們保護環境很重要。
考查賓語從句。why should we take care of the earth我們為什么要保護地球；what we can do to improve our manners我們能做些什么來改善我們的禮儀；whether we are rude to other living things我們是否對其他生物粗魯；that it is important to protect the environment保護環境很重要。此處是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除A項。根據“We have forgotten how to be good guests”可知，我們應該在地球上做一個好客人，因此表示要保護地球，保護環境很重要，故選D。
23．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）Could you please tell me something about Ye Guangfu I want to know .
A．that he grew up in a rural area in Sichuan
B．when was he announced as commander for the Shenzhou-18 mission
C．if Ye set his sights on space and applied to be an astronaut in 2009
D．how does he find the 48-hour wilderness survival and emergency rescue exercises
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：你能給我介紹一下葉光富嗎？我想知道葉是否把太空定為目標，并在2009年申請成為一名宇航員。
考查賓語從句。分析句子結構可知，此處為賓語從句，從句應用陳述語序，排除B和D；“want to know”表達想知道，應用if“是否”引導賓語從句，指想知道葉是否把太空定為目標，故選C。
24．（2024·江蘇南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________
—Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.
A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is
C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——如果我對海安的地方文化很好奇，你能告訴我我的第一選擇是哪里嗎？——海安博物館是個不錯的地方。
考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述語序；且根據“Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.”可知，是問自己可以去哪里學習海安的地方文化，B選項“我的第一選擇是哪里”符合語境。故選B。
25．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________
—Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July.
A．when it will be held B．when will it be held
C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——2024年奧運會將在法國舉行。你知道什么時候舉行嗎？——是的。開幕式將于7月26日舉行。
考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述語序，排除BC；根據“The opening ceremony is on 26th July.”可知，問開幕式的舉行時間，應用when引導賓語從句，故選A。
26．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—Could you please tell me ________
—You can go there by underground. It’s very beautiful.
A．where Jiming Temple is
B．how I can get to Jiming Temple
C．what I can see in Jiming Temple
D．how long it takes to get to Jiming Temple
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我怎么去雞鳴寺嗎？——你可以乘地鐵去那里。那里非常美。
考查賓語從句。根據“You can go there by underground.”可知，此處詢問去某地的方式，用how引導賓語從句。故選B。
27．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—I will have a five-day holiday. I am thinking about ________.
—Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture
A．when I can get to Nanjing B．what I can buy in Nanjing
C．how I can spend the holiday D．who I can spend the holiday with
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——我將有五天的假期。我在考慮可以怎樣度過這個假期。——為什么不到南京轉轉，了解一下當地的文化呢？
考查賓語從句。when I can get to Nanjing我什么時候可以去南京；what I can buy in Nanjing我可以在南京買什么；how I can spend the holiday我可以怎樣度過這個假期；who I can spend the holiday with我可以和誰度過這個假期。 分析句子結構可知，空格處是賓語從句，作think about的賓語；結合答語“Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture ”可知，是關于如何度過假期。故選C。
28．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）—Do you know ________, John
—Sure. There are some steps to follow.
A．how people make Wuyi Rock tea B．when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea
C．where people drink Wuyi Rock tea D．whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——約翰，你知道武夷巖茶是怎么泡制的嗎？——當然。有一些步驟需要遵循。
考查賓語從句。how people make Wuyi Rock tea人們是如何泡制武夷巖茶的；when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea人們什么時候喝武夷巖茶；where people drink Wuyi Rock tea人們在哪里喝武夷巖茶；whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea人們是否買武夷巖茶。根據答語“There are some steps to follow.”可知，空處是詢問制作方法，所以用how引導，故選A。
29．（2024·江蘇無錫·三模）— A personality test called MBTI is now very popular. I really wonder ________.
— It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.
A．why does the test become so popular B．if you are an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person
C．that many people find the test helpful D．what the personality test is often used for
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——一種名為MBTI的性格測試現在非常流行。我真的很想知道性格測試經常用來做什么。——它可以幫助你更多地了解自己，并指導你的教育和工作選擇。
考查賓語從句。賓語從句應為陳述語序，故排除A；根據“I really wonder...”可知，C項內容不符，故排除；根據答語“It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.”可知，想知道的是性格測試的用途，D項符合語境，故選D。
30．（2024·江蘇常州·二模）—Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people
—Yes, I’m still wondering ________.
A．how is Chinese knot made B．how the Great Wall is built in ancient times
C．that the Chinese people like to let off fireworks D．why Chinese young people are interested in Hanfu
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——你對中國有什么感興趣的嗎？——是的，我還在想為什么中國年輕人對漢服感興趣。
考查賓語從句。根據“Yes, I’m still wondering…”可知，句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，因此排除A選項；再由“Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people ”可知，此處應回復“為什么中國年輕人對漢服感興趣”。故選D。
（二）定語從句
【考點詮釋】
考點 考向 考法/命題角度
關系代詞 關系代詞與關系副詞的 區分； 限制性與非限制性定語 從句的區分 關系代詞,關系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語，常見的that,which,who(賓格whom，所有格whose)。
關系副詞 關系副詞,關系副詞在定語從句中作狀語，常見的關系副詞有 when, where, why。
非限制性定語從句 非限制定語從句 非限制性定語從句與主句之間有逗號分開，起補充說明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。。
【典題舉隅】
1．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）I will remember the time ______ we spent together.
A．what B．it C．that D．who
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：我會記得我們一起度過的時光。
考查定語從句。分析句子成分可知，空格處為定語從句引導詞，先行詞為the time，從句缺賓語，故應用關系代詞that或which。故選C。
2．（2024·江蘇無錫·二模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause
A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films.
B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday.
C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon.
D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：下列哪個句子有不同的從句？
考查復合句。選項A中who acts in plays or films為定語從句，修飾先行詞woman；選項B中which is made of wool為定語從句，修飾先行詞scarf；選項C中that the police will catch the murderer soon為賓語從句；選項D中that I borrowed from the library為定語從句，修飾先行詞book。故選C。
3．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969.
A．whom B．when C．where D．that
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：在1969年7月20日，阿姆斯特朗成為第一個在月球上行走的人。
考查定語從句。whom引導定語從句時，先行詞是人，在從句中作賓語；when引導定語從句時，先行詞是時間，在從句中作時間狀語；where引導定語從句時，先行詞是地點，在從句中作地點狀語；that引導定語從句時，先行詞是人或物。本句先行詞為man，指人，從句缺主語，需用關系代詞who或that引導定語從句，但先行詞被the first修飾，只能用that。故選D。
4．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days.
A．which B．what C．who D．/
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：這些天，學生們正在閱讀充滿正能量的故事。
考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空格處引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞“stories”，并在從句中作主語，故用關系代詞which引導定語從句。故選A。
5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：大雨過后，我剛買的傘壞了。
考查定語從句的引導詞。whose引導定語從句，先行詞為人或物，在從句中作定語；whom引導定語從句，先行詞為人，在從句中作作賓語；who引導定語從句，先行詞為人，在從句中作主語；which引導定語從句，先行詞為人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語。分析句子，空格處引導定語從句，先行詞是umbrella，指物，且關系詞在從句中作賓語，應用which引導，故選D。
6．（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days
—Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok.
A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你知道這些天很流行的那首歌嗎？——當然。是關于一個穿著帽衫在抖音上請求幫助的女孩。
考查定語從句。定語從句中先行詞為人時用關系代詞that或who；先行詞為物時用關系代詞that或which。問句中先行詞為the song，所以關系代詞用that或which。答語先行詞為a girl，所以關系代詞that或who。所以B選項中的符合定語從句對引導詞的要求。故選B。
7．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen
—I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——海倫，你更喜歡哪首歌？ ——我更喜歡能吸引很多人的歌曲《為你驕傲》。
考查關系代詞。which用作定語從句的關系代詞時，指代表示物的先行詞；who和whom用作定語從句的關系代詞時，指代表示人的先行詞；where表示地點，關系副詞。答語中的句子是一個定語從句，先行詞是“the song Proud of you”，應該用關系代詞which。故選A。
8．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A．which B．when C．what D．who
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：吳先生是我想向他學習的老師。他知識淵博。
考查定語從句。句子是定語從句，先行詞是teacher，關系詞在從句中作賓語，用who引導定語從句。故選D。
9．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob
— Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你知道坐在鮑勃旁邊的那個穿紅色衣服的男孩嗎？——是的，他是鮑勃的朋友，他們正在慶祝他的12歲生日。
考查定語從句和數詞的用法。在定語從句中，先行詞指人時用who/that引導；表示某人的第幾個生日用序數詞，twelve的序數詞是twelfth，故選B。
10．（2024·江蘇徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China.
A．where B．who C．which D．when
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：《四個春天》是一部紀錄片，講述了中國西南部貴州一個小鎮上一個家庭的日常生活。
考查定語從句。此處含定語從句，先行詞是物，引導詞在從句中作主語，故選C。
11．（2024·江蘇徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——哪一個是你的數學老師？——在那里！那個戴著一副圓眼鏡的高個子男人。
考查定語從句關系詞。who引導定語從句，在句中作主語/賓語，先行詞是人；which引導定語從句，在句中作主語/賓語，先行詞是物；what不能引導定語從句；where引導定語從句，在句中作地點狀語，其前面有表示地點的先行詞。分析句子可知，空后句子作定語修飾名詞the tall man，空處在句中作主語，且先行詞是人，所以用who，故選A。
12．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought were broken after playing basketball.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：我剛買的那雙鞋在打籃球后就壞了。
考查定語從句的引導詞。whose誰的，作定語；whom誰，指人，作賓語；who誰，指人，作主/賓語；which哪個，指物，作主/賓語。定語從句先行詞是shoes，指物，且關系詞在從句中作賓語，應用which引導。故選D。
13．（2024·江蘇南京階段練習）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years
—Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever.
A．who B．that C．what D．which
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——畢業這么多年了，母校對你來說意味著什么？——一切！那些我熟悉的難忘的事情和人會永遠留在我的腦海里。
考查定語從句關系詞。根據“Those unforgettable things and people”可知，先行詞即有人又有物，關系代詞只能用that。故選B。
14．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now
—Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom.
A．which B．who C．whose D．where
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——媽媽，你看見我剛才放在這里的T恤了嗎？——哦，我把它拿到你的臥室去了。
考查定語從句。根據“can you see the T-shirt ... I put here just now ”可知，句子是定語從句，先行詞T-shirt，指物，在從句中作賓語，關系詞用which引導定語從句。故選A。
15．（23-24九年級上·江蘇南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause
A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old.
B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.
C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.
D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：下列哪個句子有定語從句？
考查定語從句。He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. “他想成為那種能讓自己的角色有趣的演員。”為that引導的定語從句，先行詞是actor，在從句中作主語。故選C。
16．（2023·江蘇揚州·二模）After many years of looking, scientists have found a planet __________is similar to the Earth.
A．that B．who C．what D．when
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：經過多年的尋找，科學家們發現了一顆與地球相似的行星。
考查定語從句。that關系代詞，在定從中可作主、賓、表語，先行詞可以是人，也可以是物；who關系代詞，在定從中可作主、賓、表語，先行詞是人；what什么，不能引導定從；when關系副詞，先行詞為時間。分析句子結構可知，此句是一個定語從句，先行詞是a planet，用關系代詞that作從句主語，故選A。
17．（2023·江蘇宿遷·二模）—Zibo is a small city ________ has been famous for its barbecue recently.
—Yes, many people from all over the country flock to this city.
A．which B．what C．who D．where
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——淄博是一座近來因燒烤聞名的小城市。——是的，來自全國各地的許多人都涌向這座城市。
考查定語從句連詞。which引導定語從句，先行詞為物；what什么，不能引導定語從句；who引導定語從句，先行詞為人；where引導定語從句，先行詞為地點狀語。根據“a small city”可知，是物，故用which來引導。故選A。
18．（2023·江蘇泰州·一模）China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受資）, the CFO of ByteDance.
A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：中國反對美國對TikTok的行動。“許多被指出的風險根本不是真的。”字節跳動首席財務官周受資說。
考查介詞辨析以及定語從句。against反對；for為了。根據“China is…the US’ action on TikTok”可知，中國在反對美國對TikTok的行動，所以第一空填against。第二空所在句子是定語從句，先行詞risks是指物，在從句中作主語，用關系詞that，故選A。
19．（2024·江蘇鎮江·一模）Our country is not the poor country _________ it used to be.
A．who B．what C．that D．whom
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：我們的國家不再是過去那個貧窮的國家了。
考查定語從句。who先行詞是人，在從句中作主語或賓語；what不引導定語從句；that先行詞為人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語；whom先行詞是人，在從句中作賓語。本句先行詞是country，關系詞在從句中作賓語，應用that，故選C。
20．（2024·江蘇揚州·三模）—Have you heard about the new song Lonely Warrior_______ many teenagers are talking about these days
—Sure. It encourages me every time I hear it.
A．who B．whose C．that D．what
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——你聽說過最近很多青少年都在談論的新歌《孤勇者》嗎？——當然。每次聽到它都讓我倍受鼓舞。
考查定語從句。who關系代詞，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；whose關系代詞，先行詞指人，在從句中作定語；that關系代詞，先行詞指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語；what不引導定語從句。此句先行詞是 the new song Lonely Warrior，指物，在句中作賓語，所以用that引導。故選C。
1．（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is
C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——林太太，我是新來的。你能告訴我南通博物館是什么樣子的嗎？——當然。它有著悠久的歷史，看起來很有吸引力。
考查賓語從句和情景交際。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物館是什么樣子的；how far the Haohe River is浩河有多遠；how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去濱江公園；what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。根據“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及選項可知，此處應是詢問南通博物館是什么樣子，選項A符合。故選A。
2．（2024·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________.
A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan
C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：我知道你買了一本關于火星的書。我想知道你什么時候能看完。
考查賓語從句。where can I buy one我在哪里可以買到；that it cost thirty-five yuan它花了35元錢；when you will finish reading it你什么時候讀完它；who you will borrow one from你要向誰借。此處是賓語從句，需用陳述語序，排除A；根據“wonder”可知，是想知道某事，B項不符合語境；根據“I know you’ve bought a book about Mars.”可知，是買的書，不是借的，D項語意不符。故選C。
3．（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______.
—I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.
A．how will I go to Suqian Museum
B．how I will go to Suqian Museum
C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum
D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——宋小姐，我還沒決定是否去宿遷博物館。——我真的希望你能去參觀。這是了解我們城市歷史的好機會。
考查賓語從句。how will I go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿遷博物館，疑問語序；how I will go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿遷博物館，陳述語序；whether will I go to Suqian Museum我是否會去宿遷博物館，疑問語序；whether I will go to Suqian Museum我是否會去宿遷博物館，陳述語序。此處是賓語從句，需用陳述語序，排除AC；根據答語“I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.”可知，還沒決定是否去，故選D。
4．（2024·江蘇常州·中考真題）—Could you tell me ______
—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first
A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot
C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我怎樣啟動家用機器人嗎？——對不起，我以前從來沒有過家用機器人。為什么不先看看說明書呢？
考查賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述句語序，排除AC選項；再根據“Why not read the instructions first ”可知，建議看說明書，說明問句是問如何啟動家用機器人，用how引導賓語從句。故選D。
5．（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A．why B．which C．where D．what
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：青少年并不總是理解為什么他們的父母有這么多規則。
考查賓語從句。why為什么；which哪一個；where在哪里；what什么。分析句子可知，此處是含賓語從句的復合句，從句不缺主語、賓語，故不用which、what引導從句。結合句子可知，此處詢問原因，故用why。故選A。
6．（2024·江蘇連云港·中考真題）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A．what will you do B．where will you go
C．what you will do D．where you will go
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——約翰，你能告訴我你將來要做什么嗎？——我想成為一名足球運動員。
考查賓語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AB；根據“I want to be a football player.”可知此處詢問職業，用what引導賓語從句。故選C。
7．（2017·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—What do you think of the TV programme called Readers
—Wonderful! It is the best programme ________ I have ever watched.
A．when B．that C．what D．who
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你認為電視節目《朗讀者》怎么樣？——太棒了！這是我看過的最好的節目。
考查定語從句。when關系副詞，作時間狀語；that關系代詞，先行詞可以是人或物；what什么；who關系代詞，先行詞是人。此處定語從句先行詞“programme”指物且被形容詞最高級修飾，只可用關系代詞that。故選B。
8．（2021·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：阿加莎·克里斯蒂是一位被譽為犯罪小說女王的女作家。
考查關系代詞。what不能引導定語從句；whose是關系代詞，指代人或物，在定語從句中作定語；who是關系代詞，指代人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語；which關系代詞，指代物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。根據題干可知，本句是一個定語從句，先行詞writer指人，引導詞在從句中作主語，因此用關系代詞who引導，故選C。
9．（2020·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—Do you know the boy ________is talking to Mr Zhang
—Yes. He is our monitor.
A．which B．who C．whose D．whom
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你認識正在和張先生說話的那個男孩嗎？——是的。他是我們的班長。
考查定語從句。which引導定語從句先行詞指物，在從句中作主語、賓語；who引導定語從句先行詞指人，在從句中作主語；whose引導定語從句先行詞指人或物，在從句中作定語；whom引導定語從句先行詞指人，在從句中作賓語。由“Do you know the boy…is talking to Mr Zhang”可知，從句中缺少主語，且先行詞boy指人，故應用who引導定語從句。故選B。
10．（2019·江蘇淮安·中考真題）The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise.
A．who B．what C．where D．which
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：慈善機構用人們籌集的錢幫助了更多的兒童。A. who關系詞，先行詞是人；B. what不能引導定語從句；C. where關系副詞，在定語從句中做狀語；D. which關系代詞，先行詞是物。people raise 修飾the money，先行詞是物，關系詞用which引導。根據題意，故選D。
11．（2024·吉林長春·中考真題）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：作為一個科學愛好者，我希望我能發明一輛能在空中飛行的自行車。
考查定語從句。句子是定語從句，先行詞是a bike，關系詞在從句中作主語，用which引導定語從句。故選C。
12．（2024·四川樂山·中考真題）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——我永遠不會忘記去年夏天我們在志愿者工作中的經歷。——我也是。這三天是有意義的，充滿了樂趣。
考查定語從句。when先行詞為時間，在從句中作狀語；who先行詞為人，在從句中作主語/賓語；that先行詞為人/物。根據“experiences”可知，先行詞為物，且關系詞在從句中作賓語，用that引導。故選C。
13．（2024·甘肅臨夏·中考真題）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困難的時候能幫助你的人。
考查定語從句引導詞。who指人，在句中作主語/賓語；whom指人，在句中作賓語；whose在句中作定語；which在句中指物。空格所在句為定語從句，修飾名詞person，指人，并且在句中作主語，用引導詞who。故選A。
14．（2024·四川遂寧·中考真題）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A．what B．which C．who D．/
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你最喜歡哪種電影？——我喜歡那些讓我感到快樂和放松的電影。
考查定語從句。what什么，不引導定語從句；which引導定語從句，先行詞指物，在從句中作主語或賓語；who誰，引導定語從句，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語或賓語。分析句子可知，此處是含定語從句的復合句，先行詞the movies指物，且連接詞在從句中作主語，應用which引導，且不可省略。故選B。
15．（2024·四川瀘州·中考真題）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A．what B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：真正的朋友是一個永遠會與你分享歡笑和淚水的人。
考查定語從句。what什么，不引導定語從句；which哪一個，先行詞指物；who誰，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；whom誰，先行詞指人，在從句中作賓語。分析句子可知，此處是含定語從句的復合句，先行詞a person指人，且連接詞在從句中作主語，故用who引導定語從句。故選C。
16．（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly
C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——Amy，我非常餓。你知道我們在哪里可以快速弄到吃的嗎？——當然！我建議去那邊的陽光快餐店。
考查賓語從句。know后面是賓語從句，從句用陳述語序，排除B和D選項。根據“I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there”可知，詢問地點用where引導賓語從句，故選A。
17．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—Chen Dan, do you know ________
—Bus No.3 will take you there.
A．what is Star Park like B．what Star Park is like
C．how can I get to Star Park D．how I can get to Star Park
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——陳丹，你知道我怎么去明星公園嗎？——3路公共汽車送你去那里。
考查賓語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據“Bus No.3 will take you there.”可知此處詢問如何到達某地，用how引導賓語從句。故選D。
18．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai I need to know about ________.
A．how many books did he publish B．that he studied and worked in Russia
C．which part of Changzhou did he live in D．what foreign languages he could speak
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：你能告訴我一些關于瞿秋白的事情嗎？我需要知道他會說什么外語。
考查賓語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據“I need to know about...”可知賓語從句不能用that引導，排除B。故選D。
19．（2023·江蘇南通·中考真題）—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together
—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________
A．what is the meaning of the festival
B．where we would have the celebration
C．how you usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——邁克，你在中國的第一個端午節就要到了。我們一起慶祝好嗎？——我很想去，但是你能告訴我你們通常是怎么慶祝這個節日的嗎？
考查賓語從句。tell后缺少直接賓語，用賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序，排除AD；結合“Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together ”可知第一次來，想知道通常如何慶祝這個節日，用how引導賓語從句。故選C。
20．（2023·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：青年盛典成功舉行！你能告訴我誰的節目讓你最興奮嗎？
考查賓語從句。分析句子可知，空格處應為賓語從句，從句應為陳述語序，排除B選項。根據“was held”可知，事情發生在過去，應為過去時態，排除A選項。“Could you tell me…”是疑問句，D選項由that引導從句，表陳述語氣，故排除。故選C。
21．（2023·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——我想知道你打算和誰一起過暑假。——我最好的朋友詹姆斯。
考查賓語從句。wonder后缺少賓語，用賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序，排除AC；再由“My best friend James.”可知對人提問，用who引導賓語從句，排除B。故選D。
22．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——你知道我們要多久完成任務嗎？12小時內！——這太瘋狂了。這怎么可能？
考查賓語從句。分析句子結構可知，從句用陳述語序，排除C和D選項。根據“In 12 hours”可知，in+一段時間，要用how soon引導賓語從句，故選A。
23．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise!
A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：嘿，珍妮阿姨！是你！我沒想到你會過來。多么驚喜啊！
考查動詞時態。由“didn’t expect”可知，主句時態是一般過去時，則從句也應為過去時態。“來”的動作發生在將來，應為將來時，故空格處為過去將來時，結構是would do。故選C。
24．（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：——我想知道什么時候能買到便宜的機票。——您可以通過我們的官方APP預訂。
考查賓語從句。根據“I’m wondering”可知，句子含賓語從句，從句用陳述語序，排除B和D；答句是訂機票的方式，用how提問。故選A。
25．（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）—Sarah, do you know ________
—It’s on April 23.
A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day is
C．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——薩拉，你知道世界讀書日是在什么時候嗎？——在4月23日。
考查when引導的賓語從句。賓語從句應用陳述語序，故排除A、C。what World Book Day is什么是世界讀書日；when World Book Day is世界讀書日是在什么時候。根據答句“It’s on April 23.”可知此處應是when引導的賓語從句，詢問時間。故選D。
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)專題05 句法之賓語從句及定語從句
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
賓語從句 2
定語從句 12
中考練場 19
【題型解讀】
賓語從句為中考的必考點，主要在單項選擇題中考查，側重考查其引導詞、語序、時態的應用。一般至少會涉及兩個考查點：
①引導詞相同，語序和時態不同；
②時態一致，語序和引導詞不同。而且通常都會在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder，Would/Could you please tell me, Can you tell me, Do you know, I don’t know等等。
定語從句是在整個句子中充當定語的句子，他的作用就是用來修飾和限定名詞的。引導定語從句的關系代詞有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人時可用that或who，指物時可用that或which，但有時只能用that不能用which。常見的情況有下列四種：
1. 當先行詞是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞時。
2. 當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。
3. 當先行詞有the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。
4. 當先行詞既有人又有物時，用that不用which。
【命題規律】
1. 賓語從句重點考查四個方面，即：時態、語序、引導詞和人稱。根據賓語從句語義及語法成分確定連接詞: when, where, why, whether/if, how, who, whom等。賓語從句語法成分齊全時可用that連接，that也可省略。
2. 定語從句關系代詞與關系副詞的區別。常見的關系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關系副詞包括where，when，why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。
一看指人還是物（指人用that、who、whom; 指物用that、which）
二看在句中作什么成分（作主語用who、which、that;作賓語用who、whom、which、that;作定語用whose;作狀語用where、when等）
三看是否屬于特殊情況：即引導詞只能用that的情況：（先行詞是all、something等不定代詞時;先行詞被最高級或序數詞修飾時;先行詞既指人又指物時)
【解題技巧】
做此類試題時，首先從語序著手，賓語從句的語序應該為陳述句語序，即：主語+謂語+賓語+其他；再從時態考慮，一般情況下，賓語從句的時態要和主句的時態保持一致，但是，如果有明顯的時間狀語，要以時間狀語來判斷時態；最后，再判斷疑問詞。
賓語從句的解題技巧
①語序法：看句子是否為陳述語序（特殊情況除外）
②補全法：看句子是否完整，成分有無殘缺
定語從句的解題技巧
對于初中階段，選準關系代詞和關系副詞。在定語從句中，關系代詞和關系副詞都代替先行詞在從句中充當一定的成分，如果該從句中缺少主語、表語、賓語或定語，就要用關系代詞來連接從句；如果從句中缺少狀語，就要用關系副詞來連接從句。
（一）賓語從句
【考點詮釋】
考點 考向 考法/命題角度
連接詞 從時態、語序、引導詞三個方面綜合考查 引導詞,不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that;一般疑問是否(if,whether)替;特殊問句更好辦,引導還用疑問詞。
時態 時態變化,主句不同從句異。主句若為現在時,從句時態應看意;主句若為過去時,從句時態應變相應過; 從句若為真理時,永用一般現在時。
語序 語序要記清,從句永保陳述序。
【典題舉隅】
1．（2024·江蘇鎮江·模擬預測）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.
A．how far Nianhua Bay is B．how far is Nianhua Bay
C．how can I get to Nianhua Bay D．how I can get to Nianhua Bay
2．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）Look, there are so many people waiting outside the new store. Could you tell me ________
A．what can I buy in the store B．what are sold in the new store
C．whether the store opened every day D．how long will the special offer last
3．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ I can get to the Space Museum
—Of course. You can take bus No. 1.
A．where B．how C．if D．why
4．（2024·江蘇連云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________
— Paul I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet.
A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes
5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）I don’t know ________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me
A．when we start B．when did we start
C．when we will start D．when will we start
6．（2024·江蘇徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true.
A．where B．when C．why D．whether
7．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—China launched its Chang’e 6 spacecraft at Wenchang on May 3rd, 2024.
—What good news! I wonder ________.
A．that it will stay on the moon
B．how many astronauts are there in it
C．how soon will it return from the moon
D．whether it will collect some rocks from the moon
8．（2024·江蘇常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______
A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that
C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming
9．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）Shenzhou-18 lifted off successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．when it would come back to Earth
B．why are the three astronauts chosen for China Space Station
C．how many astronauts entered China Space Station
D．what will it mean to the development of China’s space industry
10．（2024·江蘇常州·三模）—I’m looking for a dress for myself, but I’m wondering ________.
—Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!
A．that I can try on the white dress B．how much I should pay for the white dress
C．if the white dress looks good on me D．that the white dress looks good on me
11．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）—Could you tell me ________
—Better than I expected.
A．when you took your exams B．how your speech was
C．if you went to the concert D．why you left your hometown
12．（2024·江蘇揚州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa.
—He is so brave! I wonder ________.
A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before
C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa
13．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—Dragon Boat Festival is one of the traditional festivals. Could you tell me ______
—We make Zongzi and watch boat races.
A．what do you like about the Dragon Boat Festival
B．how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C．when Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D．what Chinese people usually do at the Dragon Boat Festival
14．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th. Do you know ________
A．if they will carry out many tasks B．where it would land on Earth at last
C．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station D．how many days did they stay
15．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）—Excuse me, I wonder _________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookshop.
A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office
C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong
16．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）—Helen, do you know ________
—They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.
A．what do sparrows like B．how sparrows are
C．what sparrows look like D．how do sparrows look like
17．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—What did the teacher say just now
—He asked me ________.
A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then
C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem
18．（2024·江蘇淮安·二模）—I want to know ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the train ticket B．how can I buy the train ticket
C．when I can buy the train ticket D．when can I buy the train ticket
19．（2024·江蘇鎮江·二模）—It has been some time since the Shenzhou-18 astronauts entered China’s space station. I wonder ________.
—It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.
A．that they enjoy their life in space
B．what their daily life was like in space
C．how soon these astronauts will return
D．if they have any special tasks to complete
20．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》) written by Li Juan is a best seller this year.
—Really I want to borrow it. Could you tell me ________
A．that I can borrow it B．when should I return it
C．how long I can borrow it D．if I can keep it for one week
21．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know ________.
A．what different colors represent B．how can colors influence people
C．that blue hat matches her dress D．whether does red bring her success
22．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________.
A．why should we take care of the earth
B．what we can do to improve our manners
C．whether we are rude to other living things
D．that it is important to protect the environment
23．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）Could you please tell me something about Ye Guangfu I want to know .
A．that he grew up in a rural area in Sichuan
B．when was he announced as commander for the Shenzhou-18 mission
C．if Ye set his sights on space and applied to be an astronaut in 2009
D．how does he find the 48-hour wilderness survival and emergency rescue exercises
24．（2024·江蘇南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________
—Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.
A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is
C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit
25．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________
—Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July.
A．when it will be held B．when will it be held
C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in
26．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—Could you please tell me ________
—You can go there by underground. It’s very beautiful.
A．where Jiming Temple is
B．how I can get to Jiming Temple
C．what I can see in Jiming Temple
D．how long it takes to get to Jiming Temple
27．（2024·江蘇南京·二模）—I will have a five-day holiday. I am thinking about ________.
—Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture
A．when I can get to Nanjing B．what I can buy in Nanjing
C．how I can spend the holiday D．who I can spend the holiday with
28．（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）—Do you know ________, John
—Sure. There are some steps to follow.
A．how people make Wuyi Rock tea B．when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea
C．where people drink Wuyi Rock tea D．whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea
29．（2024·江蘇無錫·三模）— A personality test called MBTI is now very popular. I really wonder ________.
— It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.
A．why does the test become so popular B．if you are an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person
C．that many people find the test helpful D．what the personality test is often used for
30．（2024·江蘇常州·二模）—Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people
—Yes, I’m still wondering ________.
A．how is Chinese knot made B．how the Great Wall is built in ancient times
C．that the Chinese people like to let off fireworks D．why Chinese young people are interested in Hanfu
（二）定語從句
【考點詮釋】
考點 考向 考法/命題角度
關系代詞 關系代詞與關系副詞的 區分； 限制性與非限制性定語 從句的區分 關系代詞,關系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語，常見的that,which,who(賓格whom，所有格whose)。
關系副詞 關系副詞,關系副詞在定語從句中作狀語，常見的關系副詞有 when, where, why。
非限制性定語從句 非限制定語從句 非限制性定語從句與主句之間有逗號分開，起補充說明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。。
【典題舉隅】
1．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）I will remember the time ______ we spent together.
A．what B．it C．that D．who
2．（2024·江蘇無錫·二模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause
A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films.
B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday.
C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon.
D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
3．（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969.
A．whom B．when C．where D．that
4．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days.
A．which B．what C．who D．/
5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
6．（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days
—Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok.
A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that
7．（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen
—I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
8．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A．which B．when C．what D．who
9．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob
— Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve
10．（2024·江蘇徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China.
A．where B．who C．which D．when
11．（2024·江蘇徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
12．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought were broken after playing basketball.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
13．（2024·江蘇南京階段練習）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years
—Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever.
A．who B．that C．what D．which
14．（2024·江蘇常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now
—Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom.
A．which B．who C．whose D．where
15．（23-24九年級上·江蘇南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause
A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old.
B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.
C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.
D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.
16．（2023·江蘇揚州·二模）After many years of looking, scientists have found a planet __________is similar to the Earth.
A．that B．who C．what D．when
17．（2023·江蘇宿遷·二模）—Zibo is a small city ________ has been famous for its barbecue recently.
—Yes, many people from all over the country flock to this city.
A．which B．what C．who D．where
18．（2023·江蘇泰州·一模）China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受資）, the CFO of ByteDance.
A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that
19．（2024·江蘇鎮江·一模）Our country is not the poor country _________ it used to be.
A．who B．what C．that D．whom
20．（2024·江蘇揚州·三模）—Have you heard about the new song Lonely Warrior_______ many teenagers are talking about these days
—Sure. It encourages me every time I hear it.
A．who B．whose C．that D．what
1．（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is
C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill
2．（2024·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________.
A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan
C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from
3．（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______.
—I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.
A．how will I go to Suqian Museum
B．how I will go to Suqian Museum
C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum
D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum
4．（2024·江蘇常州·中考真題）—Could you tell me ______
—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first
A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot
C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on
5．（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A．why B．which C．where D．what
6．（2024·江蘇連云港·中考真題）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A．what will you do B．where will you go
C．what you will do D．where you will go
7．（2017·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—What do you think of the TV programme called Readers
—Wonderful! It is the best programme ________ I have ever watched.
A．when B．that C．what D．who
8．（2021·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
9．（2020·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—Do you know the boy ________is talking to Mr Zhang
—Yes. He is our monitor.
A．which B．who C．whose D．whom
10．（2019·江蘇淮安·中考真題）The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise.
A．who B．what C．where D．which
11．（2024·吉林長春·中考真題）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
12．（2024·四川樂山·中考真題）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
13．（2024·甘肅臨夏·中考真題）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
14．（2024·四川遂寧·中考真題）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A．what B．which C．who D．/
15．（2024·四川瀘州·中考真題）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A．what B．which C．who D．whom
16．（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly
C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly
17．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—Chen Dan, do you know ________
—Bus No.3 will take you there.
A．what is Star Park like B．what Star Park is like
C．how can I get to Star Park D．how I can get to Star Park
18．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai I need to know about ________.
A．how many books did he publish B．that he studied and worked in Russia
C．which part of Changzhou did he live in D．what foreign languages he could speak
19．（2023·江蘇南通·中考真題）—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together
—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________
A．what is the meaning of the festival
B．where we would have the celebration
C．how you usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival
20．（2023·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
21．（2023·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
22．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
23．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise!
A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come
24．（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
25．（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）—Sarah, do you know ________
—It’s on April 23.
A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day is
C．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)

展開更多......

收起↑