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專題09 完形填空說明文命題規律探究
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 3
五大方法速判句內層次題 3
四種方法智取句組層次題 5
三種方法突破語篇層次題 8
中考練場 13
【題型解讀】
中考完形填空說明文是一種以說明為主要表達方式的文章體裁。它通過對實體事物科學的解說，對客觀事物做出說明或對抽象的闡釋，使人們對事物的形態、構造、性質、種類、成因、功能，關系或對事理的概念、特點、演變、異同等科學地認識，從而獲得有關的知識。利用說明文的基本特征，對解題有所幫助！
1. 利用說明文的首句查找說明主體
2. 把握說明文的兩種結構模式
(1)總分式。包括＂總—分＂＂分—總＂＂總—分—總＂等具體形式。
(2)遞進式。事理說明文多用遞進式結構，一層一層地剖析事理。具體包括：空間順序——從上到下、從外到內、從左到右、從南到北、從遠到近、從中間到四周、從整體到部分；時間順序——按照時間先后順序來安排，事物都有發生、發展、消亡的過程；邏輯順序——有些說明文主要是剖析事理的，在說明時就按照事理的邏輯關系進行安排，或者從主到次、從淺到深、從原因到結果，具有嚴密的條理性。
完形填空題以考查實詞為主，主要包括名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞及相關短語。從近幾年中考試題來看，完形填空越來越強調對上下文以及通篇文章的理解
【命題規律】
1.句內層次題：解題信息分布在本句內部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。
2.句組層次題：解題信息分布在設空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示。
3.語篇層次題：解題信息分布在語篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷。
【解題策略】
1.語義優先于語法原則
文章的開頭部分尤其是第一句話不設空格，它起到的作用是對所選短文的題材和可能涉及的內容作簡單的介紹或提示，并且單純的語法題已從該題型中逐漸消失。如果一味按照語法規則來選擇答案，就必定陷入了答題誤區。
2.詞內選項句內找原則
四個選擇項要么都是詞義相近的名詞單數或復數，要么都是近義動詞的同一時態等，只能根據上下文的語境作出正確的選擇。如果提供的四個選擇項詞義相差懸殊，則上文或下文肯定有答題提示，有時第一個空格要讀完全文才能回答。
【應試技巧】
1.快速弄清文章大意
對于此類文章我們結合選擇項，進行粗讀或略讀,對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。
2.弄清楚說明的順序
把握了說明順序，就能準確把握文章的脈絡，加強對整篇文章的理解。
3.把握文章的組織結構，理清事實細節
把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達清楚的、邏輯比較嚴密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時，我們一定要仔細研讀文章的開頭和結尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結論。這時，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細節所迷惑，我們在理解細節的基礎上，還要斟酌文字的內涵意義，從而對文章進行深層次的理解。
4.注重上下文語境
應逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服"思維定勢"，根據全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空。
5.熟練做題方法，遵循四個原則:
(1)上下一致。每個選擇項必須從全文出發，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。
(2)語法正確。從語法地角度去考慮動詞的時態、語態以及詞類用法。
(3) 邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時每個選擇項從語法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語境邏輯的。
(4)符合搭配。英語中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。
【考點詮釋】
五大方法速判句內層次題
解題信息分布在本句內，在讀懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解題信息就可直接做答。對于此類題目，可邊讀邊填，將原文信息盡量復原。
利用習慣搭配及固定結構解題
完形填空中經常會考查一些固定結構、固定句式，這時就需要運用習慣搭配及固定結構來解題。這個技巧主要指慣用搭配，講究詞與詞的搭配，涉及到關聯詞、動詞、副詞、形容詞、名詞和短語等。
[示例]　I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.
A．chair　　　　　B．sponsor C．attend D．organize
利用生活常識和文化背景解題
完形填空的語篇中往往滲透著諸如文化科學、歷史地理、風俗民情等方面的知識。在做題時，若能積極地調動自己的文化背景知識和生活常識，巧妙地加以運用，特別是注意中西文化的差異，將會大大簡化復雜的分析與判斷過程，節省寶貴的時間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。
[示例]　Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope.
57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored
3．利用對應成分分析法解題
完形填空文章的上下文之間以及句子內部之間往往有著一定的邏輯關系，它使句子的各個成分之間形成一定的對應關系?？忌梢愿鶕@種邏輯關系找出與未知填空相對應的已知成分，將它作為線索，通過它推斷出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure
[示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
4.利用邏輯關系解題
此方法是通過分析未知填空前后文與已知信息之間的邏輯關系來確定答案，主要應用于完形填空的兩類題型：一是考查連接詞和起連接詞作用的短語，二是考查上下文的邏輯關系。
[示例]　We went 10 1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident．
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me.
28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused
利用語境暗示分析法解題
上下文語境具體體現為：全文的中心主線和主題、作者的態度傾向和評價、上下文語篇銜接、句際和段際關系。在句內層次中，我們通常可以通過上下文語境，即根據已知信息，推導出正確答案。
[示例]　The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8.
39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying
[示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.
55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh
四種方法智取句組層次題
比句內層次題稍難一級的題目，其解題信息分布在空格前后的一組意群之中，解題時需前瞻后顧，綜合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用語義復現解題
復現是一種語義銜接手段，它通過原詞、同義詞或近義詞、反義詞、上義詞、下義詞、同源詞或同根詞等重復出現來表達某一概念，使整篇文章上下連貫，有機地銜接在一起。因此，考生可根據文章的具體情況，理解文章的結構和語境，利用文章中的復現現象來選擇正確的答案。
[示例]　While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手語)．
41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal
[示例]　Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.
50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends
[示例]　This is what happens on long submarine（潛水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions
47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct
[示例]　Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before.
62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops
利用作者態度或感彩關聯解題
在完形填空文章中，我們一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細找出能夠反映作者態度和感彩的重要詞匯，它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞或動詞。這些詞匯通常是我們做題時重要的參照線索，可以幫助我們快速確定某些題目的正確答案或根據作者對人物或事情的褒貶性排除干擾做出正確的選擇。
【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.
49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding
【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course.
63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift
[示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 .
50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable
3．利用邏輯關系解題
在句組層次題中，利用邏輯關系解題同樣是一種重要的方法。完形填空中的每一個空格并非孤立存在的，命題者必須通過上下文體現出某種線索來保證空格所填答案的唯一性，而這一線索即是上下文乃至貫穿全文的邏輯關系，若在解題時忽視這一點，則無異于只見樹木，不見森林。文章的邏輯關系不外乎有列舉、因果、讓步、對照、遞進、目的、條件等，命題者往往借助于連詞或介詞短語來設置選項，因此在平時學習時就應該分清并牢記相關連詞及介詞短語所表示的邏輯關系。
[示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.
45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though
[示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
4．利用語境暗示分析法解題
在句組層次中，有些題目我們往往也需要通過上下文語境，即根據已知信息，推導出正確答案。
[示例]　During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !
24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such
三種方法突破語篇層次題
語篇層次題要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進行準確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。這類題難度較大，一篇完形填空中，大約有2～3道此類題。
不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合思維再做判定。語篇層次題的解答必須立足于整個語篇，因此在解題時對這類題目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，順藤摸瓜，仔細比對，最終得出答案。具體來說，可以利用以下3種方法解答此類題目。
利用語義復現解題
由于完形填空的文章是一個意義相關聯的語篇，它往往要圍繞一個話題論述，因此行文中詞語的重復、替代或同現的現象是不可避免的，即某一詞常常以原詞、同義詞或近義詞以及其它形式重復出現在語篇之中。詞匯復現的語用意義使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構成一個完整和有機的意義整體。根據這一原則，某一個空格所對應的答案很可能就是在上下文中復現的相關詞，考生可以這些詞之間的有機聯系來決定答案。
[示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went .
36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment
....
I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
利用總分結構或對比結構分析法解題
完形填空往往采用總分對照結構，總述是對分述的總結和概括，而分述是對總述的展開和詳述，兩者之間有著明確的相互支撐、相互印證的對照關系?？偡謱φ战Y構可以為我們提供重要的解題線索。
對比結構常把兩種對立的事物或同一事物的兩個不同方面并列出來加以比較或對比。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對比關系或者同一個句子的不同部分之間的對比關系設計題目。對比結構可以為我們提供重要的解題線索。
[示例]　He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions.
47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions
48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest
[示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want Why can’t she get it What changes must she make to get what she wants If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish!
A. private B. global C. different D. practical
利用邏輯關系解題
在語篇層次題中，利用邏輯關系也是一種重要解題方法。完形填空中的每一個空格并非孤立存在的，命題者必須通過上下文體現出某種線索來保證空格所填答案的唯一性，而這一線索即是上下文乃至貫穿全文的邏輯關系，若在解題時忽視這一點，則無異于只見樹木，不見森林。文章的邏輯關系不外乎有列舉、因果、讓步、對照、遞進、目的、條件等，命題者往往借助于連詞或介詞短語來設置選項，因此在平時學習時就應該分清并牢記相關連詞及介詞短語所表示的邏輯關系。
[示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.
56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore
【典題舉隅】
（2024·江蘇徐州·三模）Are you having 1 salt You 2 not think so. But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much 3 than the 6 grams 4 by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without 5 it. Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt 6 To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. Salt is made of sodium and chloride (鈉和氯化物). Salt is used to 7 and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride 8 .
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been linked to other conditions, such as heart and kidney problems.
If you want to 9 on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips.
Cut back on 10 salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, smoked fish and chips are almost high in salt because of the 11 they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have them in 12 amounts, or eat them less often.
Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals are major sources of salt in the diet not because they are necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you are shopping, take the time to 13 the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to 14 the ones lower in salt. Avoid 15 too much salt to cooking and at the table. It will be good for your health.
1．A．too much B．much too C．too many D．little
2．A．can B．must C．might D．should
3．A．high B．higher C．low D．lower
4．A．recommended B．afforded C．offered D．provided
5．A．reducing B．realizing C．understanding D．losing
6．A．have B．lead C．cause D．deal with
7．A．protect B．have C．take D．keep
8．A．to work B．to make C．to hold D．to carry
9．A．reduce B．cut down C．prevent D．stop
10．A．low B．little C．high D．a little
11．A．way B．factory C．process D．result
12．A．smaller B．less C．fewer D．larger
13．A．see B．compare C．enjoy D．match
14．A．remember B．leave C．choose D．hold
15．A．putting B．adding C．getting D．failing
Passage 1
（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）閱讀短文，從短文后所給四個選項 (A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.
Bees are regarded as the most hard-working workers in the world, but you might have heard about how bees are doing 1 these days. Yes, and the 2 is becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly. It leaves us humans a great 3 : Protecting bees. Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁榮), 4 are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.
Bees do this amazing thing wherever they go around, collecting poll (花粉) from 5 . They spread pollen from one plant to another, in the 6 , the bees make it possible for them to bear fruit.
So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as 7 in 2017, because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century 8 not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem. And there’s no silver bullet remedy (靈丹妙藥), of course, but the most available solution seems to be finding out a way to 9 microbial disease. That’s where bee vaccinations (接種疫苗) come in.
Like most of the animals, as well as humans, vaccines work through inspiriting the body to make antibodies (抗體) against a 10 disease. But bees don’t make antibodies, scientists have thought vaccinating them would be 11 , but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黃蛋白原) in their egg.
Vaccinating a bee wouldn’t help that bee, 12 if you vaccinate the queen, she can 13 the ability on to her children and grandchildren through her eggs.
The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB), a highly dangerous disease that makes 14 of bees quickly. The queen bee can 15 the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children. And then her children will not get AFB during their lives. They got the antibodies against the disease.
1．A．poorly B．straightly C．quietly D．gradually
2．A．information B．situation C．suggestion D．decision
3．A．treasure B．energy C．experience D．challenge
4．A．either B．neither C．both D．other
5．A．trees B．vegetables C．plants D．onions
6．A．produce B．process C．silence D．importance
7．A．happened B．studied C．made D．explored
8．A．students B．governments C．humans D．doctors
9．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．promise
10．A．serious B．certain C．strict D．real
11．A．possible B．impossible C．terrible D．probable
12．A．and B．so C．until D．but
13．A．give B．set C．pass D．build
14．A．death B．growth C．truth D．depth
15．A．eat B．drink C．make D．put
Passage 2
（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read. I didn’t begin to 16 traditional Chinese classical novels until junior high school. And I could read books from other countries 17 attending university.
The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was 18 for a first-year student at university, I spent hours and hours 19 the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to 20 the book. With Jane Eyre 21 my heart, I was even more interested in the rich world of 22 . I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D．H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…The 23 goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.
What can one 24 from reading It can be said that serious reading makes one a 25 person. When we read serious books, we must 26 our minds to find some room for new ideas and knowledge. Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.
Serious reading also needs time and makes us more 27 . If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace, we must be prepared for a long journey 28 taking any shortcuts (捷徑).
Well-designed classical novels make us more logical (邏輯上的). The writers put 29 hearts and minds into planning stories and expressing their values. To 30 the stories, we must try to understand all of them, which is helpful to our logical training.
16．A．present B．read C．translate D．publish
17．A．before B．after C．till D．since
18．A．important B．comfortable C．difficult D．possible
19．A．turning out B．carrying out C．putting out D．working out
20．A．finish B．sell C．write D．find
21．A．saving B．breaking C．changing D．entering
22．A．history B．literature C．music D．science
23．A．list B．cycle C．story D．system
24．A．understand B．guess C．remember D．gain
25．A．better B．richer C．healthier D．kinder
26．A．send B．fill C．empty D．hold
27．A．powerful B．practical C．patient D．polite
28．A．over B．except C．with D．without
29．A．their B．your C．our D．his
30．A．report B．expect C．follow D．choose
Passage 3
（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Deaf children enjoy reading happily
Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in 31 to read. And smartphone maker Huawei, wants to help them out 32 a new app called StorySign. It is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn 33 to read. It is easy to 34 the app. Just open the app and 35 on the chosen book from the StorySign Library. Hold the phone up to the words on the page, and the AI Star will then sign the words as the printed words are highlighted (照亮).
Users can also 36 a book from the app’s book library. The first book on the StorySign platform is the popular children’s book Spot the Dog (《斑點狗小玻》).
The app start with a 37 called The Silent Child. The film sees a young girl Star reading 38 with her father on Christmas Eve. Later that night when she goes downstairs to look at her presents, she is filled with 39 to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift. When Father Christmas 40 that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.
The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star 41 with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend. They will help the deaf children read and understand the book. Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully 42 the “perfect”sign language. Star also wears a hearing aid (援助). This way, not only are the deaf children learning to read, but they are also happy.
“We created StorySign to help make it 43 for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time,” said Andrew Garrihy, Huawei’s CMO for Western Europe. 44 many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text. The app can be downloaded from app stores in 10 different 45 including English, French, German, and Italian. It perfectly gives them this tool to make it easier for them to read.
31．A．expecting B．learning C．waiting D．teaching
32．A．in B．by C．through D．on
33．A．how B．what C．when D．where
34．A．learn B．get C．use D．enter
35．A．click B．read C．knock D．buy
36．A．borrow B．read C．share D．choose
37．A．film B．play C．show D．cartoon
38．A．happily B．silently C．difficultly D．easily
39．A．pride B．surprise C．excitement D．patience
40．A．hears B．considers C．reviews D．realizes
41．A．popular B．angry C．covered D．satisfied
42．A．speak B．learn C．communicate D．write
43．A．easy B．possible C．necessary D．important
44．A．Although B．While C．Because D．If
45．A．countries B．areas C．languages D．books
Passage 4
（2024·江蘇鹽城·二模）What animal is black and white, cute and endangered It can only be the giant panda! Here are some interesting 46 about them.
Why are giant pandas black and white
Scientists are not sure 47 is behind their color, but think it has to do with camouflage (保護色). The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the 48 , while the black part helps it hide in the shade. Other scientists believe that their color may have 49 to do with finding a mate (伴侶). 50 , not all pandas are black and white. There is also a rare brown and white panda.
Why do giant pandas look so cute
Scientists say their big heads, short feet and round bodies have 51 a golden ratio (比例) of “cute world”. Moreover, their round faces, snub noses and way of walking 52 us of human babies. Usually babies who have big eyes look cute. 53 , the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute. The cutest part of a giant pandas is their appearance.
Do giant pandas stay 54 during the day and sleep at night like humans
Researchers have spent years studying giant pandas in the 55 . They have noticed that wild giant pandas usually start to be active from 4 a.m. to 6 a.m., rest and then reach a second active peak (高峰) again from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. and then rest 56 late at night. Daily activities often change with the 57 . For example, in winter giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much 58 in winter than in other seasons. Giant pandas usually spend 10 to 12 hours feeding, 8 to 9 hours resting, and 2 to 3 hours playing or climbing.
What should we know when visiting giant pandas
It’s important for pandas to have a 59 environment. So don’t make noises or sudden movements 60 might scare them. Also, don’t throw food to pandas unless the panda keeper tells you it’s okay to do so, or it could cause them to get sick.
46．A．facts B．ideas C．opinions D．details
47．A．where B．how C．that D．what
48．A．rain B．grass C．snow D．bamboos
49．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
50．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
51．A．read B．designed C．written D．created
52．A．remained B．researched C．remembered D．reminded
53．A．Similarly B．Specially C．Especially D．Exactly
54．A．happy B．active C．calm D．excited
55．A．zoo B．forest C．wild D．mountain
56．A．while B．after C．before D．until
57．A．days B．weeks C．months D．seasons
58．A．higher B．lower C．more D．less
59．A．clean B．tidy C．quiet D．warm
60．A．who B．that C．what D．whom
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇淮安·一模）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。
A man was visiting an elephant camp. He found that the elephants weren’t kept in 61 or by chains(鐵鏈). There was only a small piece of rope 62 them from running away. And the rope was just tied to one of 63 legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn’t understand it— 64 didn’t the elephants just use their strength to break the rope and escape After all, they could 65 do so. However, they didn’t try at all.
Wanting to know the answer, he 66 a trainer nearby.
“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same 67 of rope to tie them. At that age, it was 68 to hold them. As they grew up, they 69 believed that they couldn’t break the rope and run away. They believed it could hold them as before, so they never tried to get themselves 70 .” the trainer answered.
The man was speechless. These animals could break the rope 71 they wanted, but they never tried just because as time went by, they believed that it just wasn’t 72 .
How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we 73 it once or some times before
So please be careful that our 74 can prevent our development. We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past, 75 it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying even when we experience failures in life.
61．A．zoos B．boxes C．camps D．cages
62．A．protecting B．stopping C．forcing D．suggesting
63．A．their B．her C．our D．your
64．A．why B．how C．when D．what
65．A．carefully B．easily C．closely D．wisely
66．A．helped B．caught C．missed D．asked
67．A．length B．number C．size D．age
68．A．enough B．wrong C．strange D．hard
69．A．still B．even C．never D．almost
70．A．happy B．free C．calm D．creative
71．A．however B．whatever C．whenever D．moreover
72．A．serious B．comfortable C．important D．possible
73．A．completed B．lost C．achieved D．failed
74．A．action B．choice C．thoughts D．moods
75．A．because B．but C．or D．so
Passage 6
（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）閱讀下面短文，從短文后每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Most people think of education only in terms of formal classes. When people graduate from high school or college, they usually think their education is 76 . But it’s important to continue learning after finishing school. And making the effort 77 personally and professionally. On a personal level, learning can be 78 . It can give you something interesting to talk about. And it is good for your 79 . Just as exercise makes your body stronger, your mind becomes 80 when you use it. Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. Knowledge in other areas can help you develop 81 ideas in your present job. Also, becoming an export in an area outside of your present job gives you freedom and 82 you to take a job in 83 field if you want to. So 84 do you become a lifelong learner First, you need to be determined to keep on learning new things even when it isn’t easy. It may help if you find friends who will encourage your learning. It’s also a good idea to find 85 to learn during your day. Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait, Audio books (有聲讀物) are also 86 . It’s easy to carry them. You can 87 them while traveling or doing housework. Finding ways to use what you learn can help you 88 things. If you want to learn to fix appliance (家用電器), try fixing some at home. If you’re learning 89 , find someone who speaks that language to talk to. If you’re learning facts about science, 90 what you’re learning to someone else. Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!
76．A．useless B．meaningful C．perfect D．complete
77．A．pays off B．runs out C．stays up D．passes by
78．A．boring B．stupid C．fun D．surprising
79．A．study B．job C．brain D．ability
80．A．sharp B．sharper C．sharpen D．the sharpest
81．A．same B．old C．common D．creative
82．A．advises B．allows C．invites D．teaches
83．A．other B．the other C．the others D．another
84．A．how B．what C．who D．which
85．A．skills B．interests C．time D．knowledge
86．A．helpless B．helpful C．interesting D．cheap
87．A．listen to B．watch C．play with D．search for
88．A．make B．decorate C．remember D．believe
89．A．history B．labour C．science D．German
90．A．explain B．discuss C．send D．offer
Passage 7
（23-24九年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）I owe (虧欠) my father a huge thank-you! Sure, I need to 91 him for all those years of paying my bills, fixing my 92 , and providing a shoulder to cry on. But this year I 93 that his contributions to my childhood were much more than that.
I grew up as Daddy’s Little Girl. If I had a 94 that needed solving or a question that needed answering, he was the one I ran to. He helped me 95 everything from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult. He always 96 that I should do my best in whatever I did, and he believed I could succeed in 97 I put my mind to. As a result, I learned to hold myself to those same standards. He always showed me unconditional 98 , which helped me learn to love myself. It was something I’d taken for granted (想當然) until I realized from talking with my 99 that they had no similar view of their self-worth. Having fathers that didn’t believe in them made them grow up not 100 in themselves.
As I was growing up, my father also showed me how a woman should be 101 . He got along with my mom with love and respect. 102 , I grew to expect nothing less than that from the men I dated and from the man I would finally marry. Dad was 103 a living picture of godliness (虔誠), honesty and responsibility. It was only recently that I realized what a deep influence 104 have on their daughters’ lives. That is 105 I want to thank my dad for the example of love that he has been to me throughout my life.
91．A．accept B．remind C．thank D．remember
92．A．bikes B．homework C．illness D．knowledge
93．A．forgot B．realized C．discovered D．compared
94．A．present B．reason C．letter D．problem
95．A．get through B．get away C．look through D．look into
96．A．wondered B．expected C．refused D．doubted
97．A．something B．anybody C．nothing D．anything
98．A．energy B．money C．effort D．love
99．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．relatives
100．A．guessing B．believing C．thinking D．judging
101．A．thought B．satisfied C．respected D．pleased
102．A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Anyway
103．A．seriously B．hardly C．truly D．terribly
104．A．sisters B．brothers C．mothers D．fathers
105．A．who B．what C．where D．why
Passage 8
（2024·江蘇南通·二模）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Going against the tide of hurrying to well-known tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China prefer to spend their spare time at lesser-known resorts (旅游勝地). Reverse tourism (逆向旅游) has appeared to be 106 among young holidaymakers in China.
According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms 107 at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. In fact, bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all 108 by at least 10 times. Some lesser-known places of interest posted double growth during the holiday. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, 109 52,100 visits in the seven days, up 15.78 percent year-over-year.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save the 110 of trips to popular attractions as the tickets are much cheaper. However, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” (商業的) as developed ones and are able to offer more 111 experiences. In fact, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel. Changes in requirement may be the main 112 for the popularity of reverse tourism. COVID-19 is 113 key factor (因素) causing reverse tourism. As a result, travellers have become more careful and prefer to choose 114 attractions or places with fewer tourists.
“The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing, ”said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more freedom to make a 115 , which brings more possibilities to the tourism market. More 116 , it noted, the trend (趨勢) is set to force popular attractions to improve themselves 117 resting on their past honor.
Jiang Han, a senior researcher, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future 118 for the market. To develop the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more 119 should be made to discover the potential (潛力) of lesser-known places. It is necessary to dig 120 into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.
106．A．public B．popular C．polluted D．private
107．A．shared B．recorded C．booked D．painted
108．A．changed B．increased C．dropped D．improved
109．A．refused B．provides C．received D．cancelled
110．A．time B．quality C．cost D．energy
111．A．natural B．awful C．modern D．crowded
112．A．excuse B．task C．gift D．reason
113．A．other B．another C．the other D．others
114．A．local B．lonely C．international D．educational
115．A．living B．mistake C．choice D．wish
116．A．exactly B．luckily C．interestingly D．importantly
117．A．full of B．instead of C．compared to D．similar to
118．A．courses B．examples C．risks D．directions
119．A．efforts B．excuses C．attention D．space
120．A．wider B．stronger C．deeper D．faster
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)專題09 完形填空說明文命題規律探究
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 3
五大方法速判句內層次題 3
四種方法智取句組層次題 5
三種方法突破語篇層次題 8
中考練場 13
【題型解讀】
中考完形填空說明文是一種以說明為主要表達方式的文章體裁。它通過對實體事物科學的解說，對客觀事物做出說明或對抽象的闡釋，使人們對事物的形態、構造、性質、種類、成因、功能，關系或對事理的概念、特點、演變、異同等科學地認識，從而獲得有關的知識。利用說明文的基本特征，對解題有所幫助！
1. 利用說明文的首句查找說明主體
2. 把握說明文的兩種結構模式
(1)總分式。包括＂總—分＂＂分—總＂＂總—分—總＂等具體形式。
(2)遞進式。事理說明文多用遞進式結構，一層一層地剖析事理。具體包括：空間順序——從上到下、從外到內、從左到右、從南到北、從遠到近、從中間到四周、從整體到部分；時間順序——按照時間先后順序來安排，事物都有發生、發展、消亡的過程；邏輯順序——有些說明文主要是剖析事理的，在說明時就按照事理的邏輯關系進行安排，或者從主到次、從淺到深、從原因到結果，具有嚴密的條理性。
完形填空題以考查實詞為主，主要包括名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞及相關短語。從近幾年中考試題來看，完形填空越來越強調對上下文以及通篇文章的理解
【命題規律】
1.句內層次題：解題信息分布在本句內部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。
2.句組層次題：解題信息分布在設空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示。
3.語篇層次題：解題信息分布在語篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷。
【解題策略】
1.語義優先于語法原則
文章的開頭部分尤其是第一句話不設空格，它起到的作用是對所選短文的題材和可能涉及的內容作簡單的介紹或提示，并且單純的語法題已從該題型中逐漸消失。如果一味按照語法規則來選擇答案，就必定陷入了答題誤區。
2.詞內選項句內找原則
四個選擇項要么都是詞義相近的名詞單數或復數，要么都是近義動詞的同一時態等，只能根據上下文的語境作出正確的選擇。如果提供的四個選擇項詞義相差懸殊，則上文或下文肯定有答題提示，有時第一個空格要讀完全文才能回答。
【應試技巧】
1.快速弄清文章大意
對于此類文章我們結合選擇項，進行粗讀或略讀,對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。
2.弄清楚說明的順序
把握了說明順序，就能準確把握文章的脈絡，加強對整篇文章的理解。
3.把握文章的組織結構，理清事實細節
把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達清楚的、邏輯比較嚴密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時，我們一定要仔細研讀文章的開頭和結尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結論。這時，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細節所迷惑，我們在理解細節的基礎上，還要斟酌文字的內涵意義，從而對文章進行深層次的理解。
4.注重上下文語境
應逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服"思維定勢"，根據全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空。
5.熟練做題方法，遵循四個原則:
(1)上下一致。每個選擇項必須從全文出發，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。
(2)語法正確。從語法地角度去考慮動詞的時態、語態以及詞類用法。
(3) 邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時每個選擇項從語法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語境邏輯的。
(4)符合搭配。英語中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。
【考點詮釋】
五大方法速判句內層次題
解題信息分布在本句內，在讀懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解題信息就可直接做答。對于此類題目，可邊讀邊填，將原文信息盡量復原。
利用習慣搭配及固定結構解題
完形填空中經常會考查一些固定結構、固定句式，這時就需要運用習慣搭配及固定結構來解題。這個技巧主要指慣用搭配，講究詞與詞的搭配，涉及到關聯詞、動詞、副詞、形容詞、名詞和短語等。
[示例]　I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.
A．chair　　　　　B．sponsor C．attend D．organize
[解析]　C　本題可以利用固定結構解題。attend a meeting出席會議，是固定搭配。
利用生活常識和文化背景解題
完形填空的語篇中往往滲透著諸如文化科學、歷史地理、風俗民情等方面的知識。在做題時，若能積極地調動自己的文化背景知識和生活常識，巧妙地加以運用，特別是注意中西文化的差異，將會大大簡化復雜的分析與判斷過程，節省寶貴的時間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。
[示例]　Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope.
57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored
[解析]　C　此題可利用生活常識和文化背景解題。作者正在上課，因此根據生活常識，打斷作者上課應該請求原諒。
3．利用對應成分分析法解題
完形填空文章的上下文之間以及句子內部之間往往有著一定的邏輯關系，它使句子的各個成分之間形成一定的對應關系?？忌梢愿鶕@種邏輯關系找出與未知填空相對應的已知成分，將它作為線索，通過它推斷出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure
[解析]　C　本題可以利用對應成分分析法解題。第51題與protect形成對應關系。因為前面有and這一并列連詞，并且and前后意思應該一致，我們可以很輕松地選出正確答案C項(decrease“減少”)。
[示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
[解析]該題利用相似短語之間的對比關系來命題。設空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對比關系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業”對于“不同家庭背景的學生”所表現出的事實上的不公平。答案C。
4.利用邏輯關系解題
此方法是通過分析未知填空前后文與已知信息之間的邏輯關系來確定答案，主要應用于完形填空的兩類題型：一是考查連接詞和起連接詞作用的短語，二是考查上下文的邏輯關系。
[示例]　We went 10 1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident．
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[解析]　C　本題考查連詞。通過分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明顯的轉折關系，因此答案是but。and表示并列關系；then表示順承關系；thus表示因果關系。連詞的作用就是將其前后文的已知信息銜接起來，因此可以利用邏輯關系來解題，即通過分析該未知填空前后文的已知信息的邏輯關系來確定本題應該填入表達何種邏輯關系的短語。
[示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me.
28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused
[解析] A But是這里的語篇標記語，表示轉折關系。由此我們可推測，盡管作者的旅行社經紀人總是能給他買到最低價的機票等，但是她冷冰冰的聲音著實讓作者不開心，故annoyed 符合此處語境。
利用語境暗示分析法解題
上下文語境具體體現為：全文的中心主線和主題、作者的態度傾向和評價、上下文語篇銜接、句際和段際關系。在句內層次中，我們通?？梢酝ㄟ^上下文語境，即根據已知信息，推導出正確答案。
[示例]　The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8.
39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying
[解析]　A　本題可以利用語境暗示分析法解題。由前面的start可知旅行開始時間，因此我們可以快速地選出ending旅行的結束時間。
[示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.
55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh
[解析] D fresh ideas 與本句后面的newly discovered information對應。
四種方法智取句組層次題
比句內層次題稍難一級的題目，其解題信息分布在空格前后的一組意群之中，解題時需前瞻后顧，綜合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用語義復現解題
復現是一種語義銜接手段，它通過原詞、同義詞或近義詞、反義詞、上義詞、下義詞、同源詞或同根詞等重復出現來表達某一概念，使整篇文章上下連貫，有機地銜接在一起。因此，考生可根據文章的具體情況，理解文章的結構和語境，利用文章中的復現現象來選擇正確的答案。
[示例]　While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手語)．
41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal
[解析] A　本題可利用語義復現解題。由上文中的explore new aspects of life可知，所填詞與explore(探索)在詞義上相近，故選searching(尋找)。planning計劃；natural自然的；formal正式的。
[示例]　Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.
50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends
【解析】B 我們可以很容易地找到設空部分的解題線索——上文的復現詞匯 manners。故答案為 B。
[示例]　This is what happens on long submarine（潛水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions
47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct
【解析】A 我們可以很容易地找到設空部分的解題線索——上文的復現詞匯long
[示例]　Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before.
62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops
【解析】C 我們可以很容易地找到設空部分的解題線索——上文的復現詞匯claim。
利用作者態度或感彩關聯解題
在完形填空文章中，我們一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細找出能夠反映作者態度和感彩的重要詞匯，它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞或動詞。這些詞匯通常是我們做題時重要的參照線索，可以幫助我們快速確定某些題目的正確答案或根據作者對人物或事情的褒貶性排除干擾做出正確的選擇。
【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.
49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding
【解析】A 本題考查形容詞辨析，前三個選項往往用來形容人的情感，意思分別是“舒服的”、“壓力的”、“沮喪的”；后一個選項常用來指人的才能，意思是“杰出的、非凡的”。單從語法來說，每一個選項似乎都對，但是結合句意“好的用餐禮儀會使你和你周圍的人感到舒服”，顯然只能選A。
【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course.
63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift
【解析】讀懂作者的態度，即可理解本句意為“超量學習的原理解釋了為什么雖然應付考試的突擊學習可以幫助你及格，但不是一種學習學校課程的好方法”。這里的“好”就是“令人滿意的”，最能體現作者對事物的態度，所以答案為C。
[示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 .
50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable
【解析】B 結合上下文，意思是在狹小的空間里呆的時間過長，平時習慣的小動作也變得令人不能容忍了。上文they begin to feel uneasy是提示。A項“令人高興的”、C項“普通的”、D項“有價值的”意思都不符合語境。只有B項annoying與上文中的uneasy在作者的情感態度上最接近。
3．利用邏輯關系解題
在句組層次題中，利用邏輯關系解題同樣是一種重要的方法。完形填空中的每一個空格并非孤立存在的，命題者必須通過上下文體現出某種線索來保證空格所填答案的唯一性，而這一線索即是上下文乃至貫穿全文的邏輯關系，若在解題時忽視這一點，則無異于只見樹木，不見森林。文章的邏輯關系不外乎有列舉、因果、讓步、對照、遞進、目的、條件等，命題者往往借助于連詞或介詞短語來設置選項，因此在平時學習時就應該分清并牢記相關連詞及介詞短語所表示的邏輯關系。
[示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.
45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though
【解析】 A 你之所以在朋友家或餐館的用餐禮儀比在自家時要好，是因為你知道人們會據此來評判一個人文明程度。不難判斷 “you are aware that people judge you by your table manners”是表達前文的理由，用連詞because。
[示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】　該題利用相似短語之間的對比關系來命題。設空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對比關系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業”對于“不同家庭背景的學生”所表現出的事實上的不公平。答案為C。
4．利用語境暗示分析法解題
在句組層次中，有些題目我們往往也需要通過上下文語境，即根據已知信息，推導出正確答案。
[示例]　During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !
24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such
【解析】：上下文語境分析法。根據上文a desert和alone，可知，沒有一個人可以交談。A.僅僅；B. 沒有；C.很多；D.這樣。故選B。
三種方法突破語篇層次題
語篇層次題要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進行準確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。這類題難度較大，一篇完形填空中，大約有2～3道此類題。
不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合思維再做判定。語篇層次題的解答必須立足于整個語篇，因此在解題時對這類題目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，順藤摸瓜，仔細比對，最終得出答案。具體來說，可以利用以下3種方法解答此類題目。
利用語義復現解題
由于完形填空的文章是一個意義相關聯的語篇，它往往要圍繞一個話題論述，因此行文中詞語的重復、替代或同現的現象是不可避免的，即某一詞常常以原詞、同義詞或近義詞以及其它形式重復出現在語篇之中。詞匯復現的語用意義使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構成一個完整和有機的意義整體。根據這一原則，某一個空格所對應的答案很可能就是在上下文中復現的相關詞，考生可以這些詞之間的有機聯系來決定答案。
[示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went .
36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment
....
I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
[解析] A 考察名詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯。A假期；B儀式；C手術；D實驗；句義：在2012年我剛剛從一次嚴重的疾病中恢復過來，我收到了一個邀請我去奧蘭多參加作家會議。我家人說服我一個這樣的假期也許是醫生要求我做的事情。生病的人需要假期來恢復身心。另外根據文章最后一句filled my brief holiday in Florida可知也應該指假期。
利用總分結構或對比結構分析法解題
完形填空往往采用總分對照結構，總述是對分述的總結和概括，而分述是對總述的展開和詳述，兩者之間有著明確的相互支撐、相互印證的對照關系?？偡謱φ战Y構可以為我們提供重要的解題線索。
對比結構常把兩種對立的事物或同一事物的兩個不同方面并列出來加以比較或對比。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對比關系或者同一個句子的不同部分之間的對比關系設計題目。對比結構可以為我們提供重要的解題線索。
[示例]　He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions.
47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions
48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest
【解析】　這兩題均考查根據上下文選擇正確的名詞。上句意為“……書中討論到緊張的情緒和消極的。。。都會損害人體組織和健康”。緊接著下句，意為“這本書使Cousins考慮到，積極的態度和情感可能帶來的.....”。上句中的negative attitude, damaged等詞與下句中的positive attitude, benefit形成對照，是解題關鍵。故47題A選項為正確答案；48題C為正確答案。
[示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want Why can’t she get it What changes must she make to get what she wants If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish!
A. private B. global C. different D. practical
【解析】C 。只要用心都會注意到該段的開頭一句話：Be someone else! 充當的作用：總領該段。故此選答案時應該照顧上下文。
利用邏輯關系解題
在語篇層次題中，利用邏輯關系也是一種重要解題方法。完形填空中的每一個空格并非孤立存在的，命題者必須通過上下文體現出某種線索來保證空格所填答案的唯一性，而這一線索即是上下文乃至貫穿全文的邏輯關系，若在解題時忽視這一點，則無異于只見樹木，不見森林。文章的邏輯關系不外乎有列舉、因果、讓步、對照、遞進、目的、條件等，命題者往往借助于連詞或介詞短語來設置選項，因此在平時學習時就應該分清并牢記相關連詞及介詞短語所表示的邏輯關系。
[示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.
56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore
【解析】：B 副詞Moreover類似與but also表遞進含義，與前面句not just（only）呼應。副詞However（然而，表轉折關系）、Instead（作為替代、反而，表相反含義）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符題意。
【典題舉隅】
（2024·江蘇徐州·三模）Are you having 1 salt You 2 not think so. But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much 3 than the 6 grams 4 by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without 5 it. Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt 6 To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. Salt is made of sodium and chloride (鈉和氯化物). Salt is used to 7 and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride 8 .
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been linked to other conditions, such as heart and kidney problems.
If you want to 9 on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips.
Cut back on 10 salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, smoked fish and chips are almost high in salt because of the 11 they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have them in 12 amounts, or eat them less often.
Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals are major sources of salt in the diet not because they are necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you are shopping, take the time to 13 the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to 14 the ones lower in salt. Avoid 15 too much salt to cooking and at the table. It will be good for your health.
1．A．too much B．much too C．too many D．little
2．A．can B．must C．might D．should
3．A．high B．higher C．low D．lower
4．A．recommended B．afforded C．offered D．provided
5．A．reducing B．realizing C．understanding D．losing
6．A．have B．lead C．cause D．deal with
7．A．protect B．have C．take D．keep
8．A．to work B．to make C．to hold D．to carry
9．A．reduce B．cut down C．prevent D．stop
10．A．low B．little C．high D．a little
11．A．way B．factory C．process D．result
12．A．smaller B．less C．fewer D．larger
13．A．see B．compare C．enjoy D．match
14．A．remember B．leave C．choose D．hold
15．A．putting B．adding C．getting D．failing
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B
【導語】本文主要圍繞鹽的攝入問題展開討論，指出中國人平均鹽攝入量高于世界衛生組織推薦量，并且給出了減少鹽攝入的建議。
1．句意：你正在攝入過多的鹽嗎？
too much太多；much too太，非常；too many太多；little幾乎沒有。根據“But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day”可知，下文描述了中國人均鹽攝入量高于世界衛生組織推薦量，故此處是詢問是否攝入太多的鹽，salt是不可數名詞，用用too much修飾。故選A。
2．句意：你可能不這么認為。
can能，會；must必須；might可能；should應該。根據“not think so”可知，此處指可能不這么想。故選C。
3．句意：但是，中國人平均每天攝入約12克鹽，這比世界衛生組織推薦的6克要高得多。
high高的；higher更高；low低的；lower更低。根據“people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt, that is much ... than the 6 grams ... by the World Health Organization.”可知，中國人均鹽攝入量高于世界衛生組織推薦量，much后加比較級。故選B。
4．句意：但是，中國人平均每天攝入約12克鹽，這比世界衛生組織推薦的6克要高得多。
recommended推薦的；afforded負擔得起的；offered提供的；provided提供的，供給的。根據“by the World Health Organization.”可知，此處指世界衛生組織推薦的鹽攝入量。故選A。
5．句意：你可能在不知不覺中攝入了過多的鹽。
reducing減少；realizing意識到；understanding理解；losing失去。根據“Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy,”可知，下文指出我們所攝入的鹽約有75%已經包含在我們購買的食物中，故此處指在沒有意識到的情況下鹽攝入超標。故選B。
6．句意：攝入過多鹽會引起什么問題呢？
have有；lead導致；cause引起；deal with處理。根據“What problems”可知，此處指攝入過多鹽會引起的問題。故選C。
7．句意：鹽用于保持和調味食物。
protect保護；have有；take拿，采??；keep保持。根據“Salt is used to”可知，此處指鹽對于食物的作用，應該是保持味道和調節味道。故選D。
8．句意：少量鹽對健康很重要，因為我們的身體需要鈉和氯來工作。
to work工作；to make制作；to hold持有；to carry攜帶。根據“our bodies”可知，我們身體的工作需要鈉和氯。故選A。
9．句意：如果你想減少鹽的攝入量，好消息是，有很多簡單的事情可以做。
reduce減少；cut down削減；prevent防止；stop停止。根據上文描述的過多攝入鹽的壞處和“…on salt”可知，此處指削減鹽的攝入量。故選B。
10．句意：減少高鹽食物的攝入。
low低的；little幾乎沒有（否定意味）；high高的；a little一點（肯定意味）。根據“salt foods”可知，減少的應該是高鹽食物。故選C。
11．句意：但有些食物，如奶酪、培根、熏魚和薯條由于其制作方式而幾乎總是含有大量的鹽。
way方式，方法；factory工廠；process過程；result結果。根據“they are made”可知，此處指制作方式。故選A。
12．句意：你仍然可以享受這些食物，但盡量去少量攝入，或者吃得頻率低一些。
smaller更小的；less更少的（修飾不可數名詞）；fewer更少的（修飾可數名詞）；larger更大的。根據上文描述和“amounts”可知，amount前面可以用small或large修飾，此處指攝入更加少量的這類食物。故選A。
13．句意：所以下次購物時，花點時間比較一下類似產品的鹽含量。
see看見；compare比較；enjoy享受；match匹配。根據“on a few similar products”可知，此處指比較一下類似產品的鹽含量。故選B。
14．句意：并盡量選擇含鹽量較低的產品。
remember記??；leave離開；choose選擇；hold持有，舉行。根據“the ones lower in salt”可知，此處指選擇含鹽量較低的產品。故選C。
15．句意：避免在烹飪和餐桌上添加過多鹽。
putting放；adding加；getting得到；failing失敗。根據“too much salt to cooking”可知，此處指在烹飪中少添加鹽。故選B。
Passage 1
（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）閱讀短文，從短文后所給四個選項 (A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.
Bees are regarded as the most hard-working workers in the world, but you might have heard about how bees are doing 1 these days. Yes, and the 2 is becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly. It leaves us humans a great 3 : Protecting bees. Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁榮), 4 are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.
Bees do this amazing thing wherever they go around, collecting poll (花粉) from 5 . They spread pollen from one plant to another, in the 6 , the bees make it possible for them to bear fruit.
So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as 7 in 2017, because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century 8 not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem. And there’s no silver bullet remedy (靈丹妙藥), of course, but the most available solution seems to be finding out a way to 9 microbial disease. That’s where bee vaccinations (接種疫苗) come in.
Like most of the animals, as well as humans, vaccines work through inspiriting the body to make antibodies (抗體) against a 10 disease. But bees don’t make antibodies, scientists have thought vaccinating them would be 11 , but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黃蛋白原) in their egg.
Vaccinating a bee wouldn’t help that bee, 12 if you vaccinate the queen, she can 13 the ability on to her children and grandchildren through her eggs.
The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB), a highly dangerous disease that makes 14 of bees quickly. The queen bee can 15 the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children. And then her children will not get AFB during their lives. They got the antibodies against the disease.
1．A．poorly B．straightly C．quietly D．gradually
2．A．information B．situation C．suggestion D．decision
3．A．treasure B．energy C．experience D．challenge
4．A．either B．neither C．both D．other
5．A．trees B．vegetables C．plants D．onions
6．A．produce B．process C．silence D．importance
7．A．happened B．studied C．made D．explored
8．A．students B．governments C．humans D．doctors
9．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．promise
10．A．serious B．certain C．strict D．real
11．A．possible B．impossible C．terrible D．probable
12．A．and B．so C．until D．but
13．A．give B．set C．pass D．build
14．A．death B．growth C．truth D．depth
15．A．eat B．drink C．make D．put
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A
【導語】本文主要介紹了蜜蜂的危險處境以及科學家們讓蜜蜂提高免疫能力的方法。
1．句意：蜜蜂被認為是世界上最勤勞的工人，但你可能聽說過蜜蜂最近的表現很差。
poorly差地；straightly筆直地；quietly安靜地；gradually逐漸地。根據“becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly”可知，應該是蜜蜂最近的表現很差。故選A。
2．句意：是的，而且情況變得越來越嚴重，蜜蜂的數量一直在迅速減少。
information信息；situation情況；suggestion建議；decision決定。根據“the number of bees has been reducing rapidly”可知，情況變得越來越嚴重。故選B。
3．句意：這給我們人類留下了一個巨大的挑戰：保護蜜蜂。
treasure財富；energy能量；experience經驗；challenge挑戰。根據“Protecting bees.”可知，這是留給人們的一大挑戰。故選D。
4．句意：因為如果蜜蜂不繁榮，人類也不繁榮，最終，人們就不會吃東西。
either兩者中的任意一個；neither兩者都不；both兩者都；other其他的。根據“Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁榮), ...are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.”可知人也沒法好好生活，此處是“neither+be+主語”的倒裝結構。故選B。
5．句意：無論蜜蜂到哪里，它們都會做一件神奇的事情，從植物中收集花粉。
trees樹；vegetables蔬菜；plants植物；onions洋蔥。根據常識和選項可知，蜜蜂收集植物的花粉。故選C。
6．句意：它們將花粉從一株植物傳播到另一株植物，在這個過程中，蜜蜂使它們有可能結出果實。
produce結果；process過程；silence寂靜；importance重要性。根據“They spread pollen from one plant to another”可知，應是蜜蜂在授粉的過程中，可能會使植物開花。 故選B。
7．句意：因此，當美國養蜂人失去了40%的蜜蜂時，就像2017年發生的那樣，因為微生物疾病，我們21世紀的人類不僅注意到了，我們開始瘋狂地試圖解決這個問題。
happened發生；studied學習；made制作；explored探索。根據“So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as...in 2017”可知，就像2017年發生的那樣。故選A。
8．句意：因此，當美國養蜂人失去了40%的蜜蜂時，就像2017年發生的那樣，因為微生物疾病，我們21世紀的人類不僅注意到了，我們開始瘋狂地試圖解決這個問題。
students學生；governments政府；humans人類；doctors醫生。根據“because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century...not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem”可知，我們21世紀的人類開始瘋狂地試圖解決這個問題。故選C。
9．句意：當然，沒有靈丹妙藥，但最有效的解決方案似乎是找到一種預防微生物疾病的方法。
prevent防止、預防；protect保護；prepare準備；promise承諾。根據“That’s where bee vaccinations (接種疫苗) come in.”可知，目前最可行的解決辦法是找到一種預防微生物疾病的方法。故選A。
10．句意：像大多數動物和人類一樣，疫苗通過激發身體產生針對某種疾病的抗體來起作用。
serious嚴重的；certain某個、特定的；strict嚴格的；real真正的。根據語境和常識可知，疫苗在體內發揮作用，能產生針對某種疾病的抗體。故選B。
11．句意：但蜜蜂不會產生抗體，科學家們認為給它們接種疫苗是不可能的，但2015年的一項研究發現，蜜蜂可以通過卵中的卵黃蛋白原獲得制造抗體的能力。
possible可能的；impossible不可能的；terrible糟糕的；probable很可能發生（或存在等）的。根據“But bees don’t make antibodies”可知，科學家們認為給它們接種疫苗是不可能的。故選B。
12．句意：給蜜蜂接種疫苗并不能幫助蜜蜂，但如果你給蜂王接種疫苗，她可以通過她的卵把這種能力傳給她的孩子和孫子。
and并且；so因此；until直到；but但是?？涨啊敖臃N疫苗幫不了它”和空后“給蜂王接種疫苗的話，會傳給后代”兩句之間構成轉折關系，因此選but符合題意。故選D。
13．句意：給蜜蜂接種疫苗并不能幫助蜜蜂，但如果你給蜂王接種疫苗，她可以通過她的卵把這種能力傳給她的孩子和孫子。
give給；set設置；pass通過；build建造。根據“but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黃蛋白原) in their egg”可知，給蜂王接種疫苗，她可以通過卵子將這種能力傳遞給她的子女和孫輩。故選C。
14．句意：這種新疫苗將治療美國臭蜂病（AFB），這是一種使蜜蜂迅速死亡的高度危險的疾病。
death死亡；growth生長；truth事實；depth深度。根據“The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB)”以及上文“蜜蜂因為微生物病而遭受損失”可知，這是一種導致蜜蜂死亡的疾病。故選A。
15．句意：蜂王可以用少量的糖水吃藥，并把它傳給她的孩子。
eat吃；drink飲；make制造；put放。根據“the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children”可知，此處指吃藥。故選A。
Passage 2
（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read. I didn’t begin to 16 traditional Chinese classical novels until junior high school. And I could read books from other countries 17 attending university.
The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was 18 for a first-year student at university, I spent hours and hours 19 the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to 20 the book. With Jane Eyre 21 my heart, I was even more interested in the rich world of 22 . I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D．H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…The 23 goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.
What can one 24 from reading It can be said that serious reading makes one a 25 person. When we read serious books, we must 26 our minds to find some room for new ideas and knowledge. Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.
Serious reading also needs time and makes us more 27 . If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace, we must be prepared for a long journey 28 taking any shortcuts (捷徑).
Well-designed classical novels make us more logical (邏輯上的). The writers put 29 hearts and minds into planning stories and expressing their values. To 30 the stories, we must try to understand all of them, which is helpful to our logical training.
16．A．present B．read C．translate D．publish
17．A．before B．after C．till D．since
18．A．important B．comfortable C．difficult D．possible
19．A．turning out B．carrying out C．putting out D．working out
20．A．finish B．sell C．write D．find
21．A．saving B．breaking C．changing D．entering
22．A．history B．literature C．music D．science
23．A．list B．cycle C．story D．system
24．A．understand B．guess C．remember D．gain
25．A．better B．richer C．healthier D．kinder
26．A．send B．fill C．empty D．hold
27．A．powerful B．practical C．patient D．polite
28．A．over B．except C．with D．without
29．A．their B．your C．our D．his
30．A．report B．expect C．follow D．choose
【答案】
16．B 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C
【導語】本文主要講述作者在大學閱讀了很多其他國家的書，作者認為認真閱讀能夠成為更好的人，作者感悟當人們閱讀嚴肅的書籍時，必須保持頭腦清醒，以便為新思想、新知識和新靈感找到空間并講述了閱讀帶來的益處。
16．句意：我直到初中才開始讀中國傳統的古典小說。
present展現；read閱讀；translate翻譯；publish出版。根據上文“When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read.”可知，此處指到初中才開始讀中國傳統的古典小說。故選B。
17．句意：上大學后，我可以讀其他國家的書。
before在……之前；after在……之后；till直到；since自從。根據下文“The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was…for a first-year student at university,”可知，作者上大學后讀其他國家的書。故選B。
18．句意：雖然這對大學一年級的學生來說很難，但我花了很多時間去弄清楚每個單詞和句子的含義。
important重要的；comfortable舒服的；difficult困難的；possible可能的。根據空前的“Though”可知，此處句意發生了轉折讓步，表示《簡·愛》對大學一年級的學生來說很難。故選C。
19．句意：雖然這對大學一年級的學生來說很難，但我花了很多時間去弄清楚每個單詞和句子的含義。
turning out結果是；carrying out實施；putting out熄滅；working out解決。根據“I spent hours and hours…the meaning of every word and sentence”的句意并結合選項可知，此處指花了很多時間去弄清楚每個單詞和句子的含義。故選D。
20．句意：我花了將近半年的時間才讀完這本書。
finish完成；sell賣；write寫；find發現。根據上文“I spent hours and hours…the meaning of every word and sentence”可知，作者花了很多時間去弄清楚每個單詞和句子的含義，所以用了近半年的時間才讀完這本書。故選A。
21．句意：隨著《簡·愛》進入我的心中，我對豐富的文學世界更加感興趣。　
saving拯救；breaking打破；changing改變；entering進入。根據“I was even more interested in the rich world of…I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，作者對文學更加感興趣，所以此處表示《簡·愛》進入作者的心中。故選D。
22．句意：隨著《簡·愛》進入我的心中，我對豐富的文學世界更加感興趣。　
history歷史；literature文學；music音樂；science科學。根據“Jane Eyre”以及下文的“I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，此處指文學名著。故選B。
23．句意：這樣的清單不勝枚舉。
list清單；cycle循環；story故事；system系統。根據上文“I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，此處列舉文人，所以表示清單。故選A。
24．句意：一個人能從閱讀中獲得什么？
understand理解；guess猜測；remember記住；gain獲得。根據下文“Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.”可知，閱讀幫助我們克服生活中的各種困難，我們可以發展正確的價值觀，所以此處詢問能從閱讀中獲得什么。故選D。
25．句意：可以說，認真閱讀使人成為更好的人。
better更好的；richer更富有的；healthier更健康的；kinder更善良的。根據下文“We may develop the correct values.”可知，認真閱讀使人成為更好的人。故選A。
26．句意：當我們讀嚴肅的書時，我們必須清空我們的頭腦，為新的想法和知識找到一些空間。
send送；fill填滿；empty清空；hold持有。根據“to find some room for new ideas and knowledge”可知，此處指清空我們的頭腦。故選C。
27．句意：認真的閱讀也需要時間，讓我們更有耐心。
powerful強大的；practical實際的；patient有耐心的；polite有禮貌的。根據“Serious reading also needs time”可知，認真的閱讀也需要時間，所以要有耐心。故選C。
28．句意：如果我們想完成數百頁的《戰爭與和平》，我們必須做好長途旅行的準備，不走任何捷徑。
over由于；except除了；with和；without沒有。根據“we must be prepared for a long journey”可知，我們必須做好長途旅行的準備，不走任何捷徑。故選D。
29．句意：作家們全身心地投入到策劃故事，表達自己的價值觀。
their他們的；your你的；our我們的；his他的。根據主語“The writers”可知，此處指他們的。故選A。
30．句意：為了理解故事，我們必須努力理解所有的故事，這有助于我們的邏輯訓練。
report報道；expect期待；follow理解；choose選擇。根據“we must try to understand all of them”可知，此處指理解故事。故選C。
Passage 3
（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Deaf children enjoy reading happily
Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in 31 to read. And smartphone maker Huawei, wants to help them out 32 a new app called StorySign. It is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn 33 to read. It is easy to 34 the app. Just open the app and 35 on the chosen book from the StorySign Library. Hold the phone up to the words on the page, and the AI Star will then sign the words as the printed words are highlighted (照亮).
Users can also 36 a book from the app’s book library. The first book on the StorySign platform is the popular children’s book Spot the Dog (《斑點狗小?！?.
The app start with a 37 called The Silent Child. The film sees a young girl Star reading 38 with her father on Christmas Eve. Later that night when she goes downstairs to look at her presents, she is filled with 39 to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift. When Father Christmas 40 that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.
The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star 41 with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend. They will help the deaf children read and understand the book. Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully 42 the “perfect”sign language. Star also wears a hearing aid (援助). This way, not only are the deaf children learning to read, but they are also happy.
“We created StorySign to help make it 43 for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time,” said Andrew Garrihy, Huawei’s CMO for Western Europe. 44 many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text. The app can be downloaded from app stores in 10 different 45 including English, French, German, and Italian. It perfectly gives them this tool to make it easier for them to read.
31．A．expecting B．learning C．waiting D．teaching
32．A．in B．by C．through D．on
33．A．how B．what C．when D．where
34．A．learn B．get C．use D．enter
35．A．click B．read C．knock D．buy
36．A．borrow B．read C．share D．choose
37．A．film B．play C．show D．cartoon
38．A．happily B．silently C．difficultly D．easily
39．A．pride B．surprise C．excitement D．patience
40．A．hears B．considers C．reviews D．realizes
41．A．popular B．angry C．covered D．satisfied
42．A．speak B．learn C．communicate D．write
43．A．easy B．possible C．necessary D．important
44．A．Although B．While C．Because D．If
45．A．countries B．areas C．languages D．books
【答案】
31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種能讓聾兒喜歡快樂地閱讀的app——StorySign。
31．句意：聾兒在學習閱讀方面經常有問題。
expecting期待；learning學習；waiting等待；teaching教。根據分析句子“Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in…to read.”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達聾兒在學習閱讀方面經常有問題，have problems in doing sth.“在做某事上有問題”，固定搭配。故選B。
32．句意：智能手機制造商華為希望通過一款名為StorySign的新應用來幫助他們。
in在……里；by憑借；through通過；on在……上。by表示通過方式，through表示通過某種途徑或手段，根據橫線后“a new app called StorySign”，結合選項可知，此處應該填入through，介詞，意為“通過”符合語境。故選C。
33．句意：家長和老師可以使用該應用程序幫助聾啞兒童學習如何閱讀。
how如何；what什么；when當……時候；where在哪里。根據“Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn…to read.”，結合選項和語境可知，此處應該指的是使用該應用程序幫助聾啞兒童學習如何閱讀，所以應該填入how，意為“如何，怎樣”符合語境。故選A。
34．句意：這個應用程序很容易使用。
learn學習；get獲得；use使用；enter進入。根據后文“Just open the app and…on the chosen book from the StorySign Library.”可知，此處應該填入use，動詞，意為“使用”符合語境，表達這個應用程序很容易使用。故選C。
35．句意：只需打開應用程序，點擊StorySign圖書館中選擇的書籍。
click點擊；read閱讀；knock碰撞；buy買。根據橫線后“on the chosen book from the StorySign Library”，結合選項可知，此處應該指的是點擊StorySign圖書館中選擇的書籍。故選A。
36．句意：用戶也可以從應用程序的圖書庫中選擇一本書。
borrow借入；read閱讀；share分享；choose選擇。根據橫線后“a book from the app’s book library”，結合選項和語境可知，此處應該指的是從應用程序的圖書庫中選擇一本書，所以應該填入choose，動詞，意為“選擇”符合語境。故選D。
37．句意：該應用始于一部名為《沉默的孩子》的電影。
film電影；play戲劇；show展示，節目；cartoon卡通。根據后文“The film sees a young girl Star reading…with her father on Christmas Eve.”可知，The Silent Child是一部電影的名字，所以此處應該填入film，名詞，意為“電影”符合語境。故選A。
38．句意：影片中，一個小女孩和父親在平安夜艱難地讀書。
happily開心地；silently沉默地；difficultly困難地；easily容易地。根據“The film sees a young girl Star reading…with her father on Christmas Eve.”，結合語境可知，此處應該填入difficultly，副詞，意為“困難地”符合語境，修飾動詞read。故選C。
39．句意：那天晚上晚些時候，當她下樓查看她的禮物時，她驚喜地看到圣誕老人遞給她一本書作為禮物。
pride自豪；surprise驚訝；excitement激動，興奮；patience耐心。根據橫線后“to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift”，結合選項和語境可知，此處應該填入surprise，名詞，意為“驚訝”符合語境。故選B。
40．句意：當圣誕老人意識到小女孩是聾兒時，圣誕老人開始在書上給她簽名。
hears聽到；considers思考；reviews復習；realizes了解到，意識到。根據“When Father Christmas…that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.”，結合選項和前文語境可知，此處應該表達當圣誕老人意識到小女孩是聾兒時，所以此處應該填入realizes，動詞單數形式，作謂語，意為“了解到，意識到”符合語境。故選D。
41．句意：開發人員專門設計了這款產品，通過讓應用程序的主角Star成為姐姐或朋友，使她同時受到男孩和女孩的歡迎。
popular受歡迎的；angry生氣的；covered覆蓋的；satisfied滿意的。根據“The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star…with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend.”，結合選項和語境可知，此處應該填入popular，形容詞，意為“受歡迎的”，指的是通過讓應用程序的主角明星成為姐姐或朋友，使她同時受到男孩和女孩的歡迎。故選A。
42．句意：Star的面部表情和雙手是能夠充分交流的“完美”手語。
speak說，講；learn學習；communicate交流；write寫。根據“Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully…the “perfect”sign language.”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達明星的面部表情和雙手是能夠充分交流的“完美”手語，所以應該填入communicate，動詞，意為“交流”，be able to do sth.“能夠做某事”。故選C。
43．句意：華為CMO，Andrew Garrihy表示:“我們創建StorySign是為了讓有失聰兒童的家庭能夠享受豐富的故事時間。
easy容易的；possible可能的；necessary必要的；important重要的。根據橫線后“for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達我們創建StorySign是為了讓有失聰兒童的家庭能夠享受豐富的故事時間，所以填入possible，形容詞，意為“可能的”符合語境。故選B。
44．句意：盡管許多失聰兒童努力學習閱讀，但沒有資源將手語和書面文字之間的差異聯系起來。
Although雖然，盡管；While當……時候；Because因為；If如果。根據分析句子“…many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text.”，結合選項可知，此處應該填入although，引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”符合語境。故選A。
45．句意：這款應用可以從應用商店下載到英語、法語、德語、意大利語等10種語言版本。
countries國家；areas地區；languages語言；books書。根據橫線后“including English, French, German, and Italian.”可知，此處指的是語言，所以應該填入languages，可數名詞復數，意為“語言”符合語境。故選C。
Passage 4
（2024·江蘇鹽城·二模）What animal is black and white, cute and endangered It can only be the giant panda! Here are some interesting 46 about them.
Why are giant pandas black and white
Scientists are not sure 47 is behind their color, but think it has to do with camouflage (保護色). The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the 48 , while the black part helps it hide in the shade. Other scientists believe that their color may have 49 to do with finding a mate (伴侶). 50 , not all pandas are black and white. There is also a rare brown and white panda.
Why do giant pandas look so cute
Scientists say their big heads, short feet and round bodies have 51 a golden ratio (比例) of “cute world”. Moreover, their round faces, snub noses and way of walking 52 us of human babies. Usually babies who have big eyes look cute. 53 , the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute. The cutest part of a giant pandas is their appearance.
Do giant pandas stay 54 during the day and sleep at night like humans
Researchers have spent years studying giant pandas in the 55 . They have noticed that wild giant pandas usually start to be active from 4 a.m. to 6 a.m., rest and then reach a second active peak (高峰) again from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. and then rest 56 late at night. Daily activities often change with the 57 . For example, in winter giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much 58 in winter than in other seasons. Giant pandas usually spend 10 to 12 hours feeding, 8 to 9 hours resting, and 2 to 3 hours playing or climbing.
What should we know when visiting giant pandas
It’s important for pandas to have a 59 environment. So don’t make noises or sudden movements 60 might scare them. Also, don’t throw food to pandas unless the panda keeper tells you it’s okay to do so, or it could cause them to get sick.
46．A．facts B．ideas C．opinions D．details
47．A．where B．how C．that D．what
48．A．rain B．grass C．snow D．bamboos
49．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
50．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
51．A．read B．designed C．written D．created
52．A．remained B．researched C．remembered D．reminded
53．A．Similarly B．Specially C．Especially D．Exactly
54．A．happy B．active C．calm D．excited
55．A．zoo B．forest C．wild D．mountain
56．A．while B．after C．before D．until
57．A．days B．weeks C．months D．seasons
58．A．higher B．lower C．more D．less
59．A．clean B．tidy C．quiet D．warm
60．A．who B．that C．what D．whom
【答案】
46．A 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．C 56．D 57．D 58．A 59．C 60．B
【導語】本文主要介紹了有關大熊貓的一些信息。
46．句意：以下是一些有趣的事實。
facts事實；ideas想法；opinions觀點；details細節。根據“Here are some interesting”以及下文內容可知，本文主要介紹了有關熊貓的一些事實。故選A。
47．句意：科學家們不確定它們的顏色背后是什么，但認為這與偽裝有關。
where哪里；how如何；that引導從句，無意義；what什么。從句中缺少主語，用what引導賓語從句。故選D。
48．句意：熊貓白色的體色有助于它躲在雪地里，而黑色的部分有助于它們躲在陰涼處。
rain雨；grass草；snow雪；bamboos竹子。根據“The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the”可知白色有助于躲在雪里，進行偽裝。故選C。
49．句意：其他科學家認為，它們的顏色可能與尋找配偶有關。
nothing沒有事；something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事。have something to do with“和……有關”。故選B。
50．句意：然而，并不是所有的熊貓都是黑白相間的。
otherwise否則；moreover此外；however然而；instead相反。此處內容和前文是轉折關系，用however連接。故選C。
51．句意：科學家們表示，他們的大頭、短腳和圓滾滾的身體創造了“可愛世界”的黃金比例。
read讀；designed設計；written寫；created創造。根據“their big heads, short feet and round bodies have...a golden ratio”可知它們的體型創造了黃金比例。故選D。
52．句意：此外，它們圓圓的臉、翹著的鼻子和走路的方式讓我們想起了人類的嬰兒。
remained保持不變；researched調查；remembered記得；reminded提醒。根據“us of human babies”可知熊貓使我們想起人類的嬰兒。故選D。
53．句意：同樣，黑眼圈讓他們的眼睛看起來更大，所以他們看起來非?？蓯?。
similarly相似地；specially特別地；especially尤其是；exactly確切地。根據“Usually babies who have big eyes look cute”以及“the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute”可知熊貓和嬰兒相似，都很可愛。故選A。
54．句意：大熊貓像人類一樣白天活躍，晚上睡覺嗎？
happy開心的；active積極的；calm鎮定的；excited興奮的。根據“during the day and sleep at night like humans”可知人類是白天活躍，晚上睡覺。故選B。
55．句意：研究人員花了數年時間研究野外大熊貓。
zoo動物園；forest森林；wild野外；mountain山。根據“wild giant pandas”可知是野外大熊貓。故選C。
56．句意：野生大熊貓通常從凌晨4點到6點開始活動，休息，然后從下午4點到下午6點再次達到第二個活動高峰，然后休息到深夜。
while當；after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到。根據“then rest...late at night”可知是休息到深夜。故選D。
57．句意：日常活動經常隨季節變化。
days天；weeks周；months月；seasons季節。根據“in winter”可知是隨著季節變化。故選D。
58．句意：在冬天，大熊貓必須走很長的路才能找到水，所以冬天的活動水平比其他季節高得多。
higher更高；lower更低；more更多；less更少。根據“giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much”可知在冬天，熊貓要走很長時間的路，所以它們冬天的活動水平高。故選A。
59．句意：對熊貓來說，有一個安靜的環境很重要。
clean干凈的；tidy整潔的；quiet安靜的；warm溫暖的。根據“don’t make noises or sudden movements”可知不要制造噪音，說明熊貓喜歡安靜的環境。故選C。
60．句意：所以，不要發出可能嚇到他們的噪音或突然動作。
who引導定語從句，關系詞是人，在從句中作主語、賓語；that引導定語從句，關系詞是人或物，在從句中作主語、賓語；what不引導定語從句；whom引導定語從句，關系詞是人，在從句中作賓語。句子是定語從句，先行詞是物，關系詞在從句中作主語，用that引導定語從句。故選B。
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇淮安·一模）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。
A man was visiting an elephant camp. He found that the elephants weren’t kept in 61 or by chains(鐵鏈). There was only a small piece of rope 62 them from running away. And the rope was just tied to one of 63 legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn’t understand it— 64 didn’t the elephants just use their strength to break the rope and escape After all, they could 65 do so. However, they didn’t try at all.
Wanting to know the answer, he 66 a trainer nearby.
“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same 67 of rope to tie them. At that age, it was 68 to hold them. As they grew up, they 69 believed that they couldn’t break the rope and run away. They believed it could hold them as before, so they never tried to get themselves 70 .” the trainer answered.
The man was speechless. These animals could break the rope 71 they wanted, but they never tried just because as time went by, they believed that it just wasn’t 72 .
How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we 73 it once or some times before
So please be careful that our 74 can prevent our development. We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past, 75 it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying even when we experience failures in life.
61．A．zoos B．boxes C．camps D．cages
62．A．protecting B．stopping C．forcing D．suggesting
63．A．their B．her C．our D．your
64．A．why B．how C．when D．what
65．A．carefully B．easily C．closely D．wisely
66．A．helped B．caught C．missed D．asked
67．A．length B．number C．size D．age
68．A．enough B．wrong C．strange D．hard
69．A．still B．even C．never D．almost
70．A．happy B．free C．calm D．creative
71．A．however B．whatever C．whenever D．moreover
72．A．serious B．comfortable C．important D．possible
73．A．completed B．lost C．achieved D．failed
74．A．action B．choice C．thoughts D．moods
75．A．because B．but C．or D．so
【答案】
61．D 62．B 63．A 64．A 65．B 66．D 67．C 68．A 69．A 70．B 71．C 72．D 73．D 74．C 75．B
【導語】本文主要介紹了動物園中的大象由于習慣而不掙開繩子的束縛，由此告誡讀者不要被一次的失敗給打到，曾經的失敗有可能會在將來逆轉。
61．句意：他發現大象不是被關在籠子里或被鎖鏈鎖住的。
zoos動物園；boxes盒子；camps帳篷；cages籠子。根據“the elephants weren’t kept in…”可知大象不是被……里面，因此是籠子里。故選D。
62．句意：只有一小根繩子阻止它們逃跑。
protecting保護；stopping停止；forcing逼迫；suggesting建議。短語stop sb from doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”。故選B。
63．句意：繩子只是綁在他們的一條腿上。
their他們的；her她的；our我們的；your你的。此處是指綁在大象的腿上，應用their指代大象的。故選A。
64．句意：大象們為什么不直接用力掙斷繩子逃跑呢？
why為什么；how怎樣；when什么時候；what什么。根據“he couldn’t understand it”可知他無法理解，因此是有疑問，想知道為什么。故選A。
65．句意：畢竟，它們很容易這樣做。
carefully小心地；easily容易地；closely親密地；wisely明智地。根據“just use their strength to break the rope and escape”可知直接用力掙斷繩子逃跑，這對大象來說是很容易的。故選B。
66．句意：想知道答案，他問了附近的一位飼養員。
helped幫助；caught抓住；missed錯過；asked詢問。根據“Wanting to know the answer”可知想知道答案，因此要問別人。故選D。
67．句意：當它們很小，更小的時候，我們用同樣大小的繩子來綁它們。
length長度；number數字；size尺寸；age年齡。根據前文的“There was only a small piece of rope”可知只有一小根繩子，因此是和小時候同樣的尺寸。故選C。
68．句意：在那個年紀，足以綁住它們。
enough足夠的；wrong錯誤的；strange陌生的，奇怪的；hard堅強的。從前文可知，小時候就開始用小繩子綁住，因此是足夠的。故選A。
69．句意：長大后，他們仍然相信自己無法掙脫繩索逃跑。
still依然；even甚至；never從不；almost幾乎。根據“ They believed it could hold them as before,”可知它們相信它可以像以前一樣困住它們，因此是依然覺得不能逃脫。故選A。
70．句意：所以它們從未試圖讓自己自由。
happy高興的；free自由的；calm平靜的；creative有創造力的。根據“ They believed it could hold them as before,”可知它們相信它可以像以前一樣困住它們，因此是不掙脫讓自己自由。故選B。
71．句意：這些動物可以隨時打破繩索。
however然而；whatever無論什么；whenever無論何時；moreover而且。根據“but they never tried”可知它們從不嘗試，因此是可以隨時打破束縛的。故選C。
72．句意：但它們從未嘗試過，因為隨著時間的推移，它們認為這是不可能的。
serious嚴肅的；comfortable舒服的；important重要的；possible可能的。根據前文的“ They believed it could hold them as before, ”可知它們覺得還是像以前一樣困住它們，因此是覺得不是可能的。故選D。
73．句意：我們中有多少人像大象一樣度過一生，堅信我們不能做成功某事僅僅因為我們曾經失敗過一次？
completed完成；lost迷失；achieved完成，實現；failed失敗。根據“we cannot do something”可知不能做成某事，是因為曾經的失敗。故選D。
74．句意：所以請注意，我們的思想會阻礙我們的發展。
action行動；choice選擇；thoughts想法；moods情緒。從前文可知，是認為自己不能成功的想法阻止了自己的發展。故選C。
75．句意：我們過去可能無法實現我們的目標，但這并不意味著我們永遠不會成功。
because因為；but但是；or或者；so所以。根據“We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past,… it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. ”可知空格前后是轉折關系，應用but。故選B。
Passage 6
（2024·江蘇宿遷·三模）閱讀下面短文，從短文后每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Most people think of education only in terms of formal classes. When people graduate from high school or college, they usually think their education is 76 . But it’s important to continue learning after finishing school. And making the effort 77 personally and professionally. On a personal level, learning can be 78 . It can give you something interesting to talk about. And it is good for your 79 . Just as exercise makes your body stronger, your mind becomes 80 when you use it. Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. Knowledge in other areas can help you develop 81 ideas in your present job. Also, becoming an export in an area outside of your present job gives you freedom and 82 you to take a job in 83 field if you want to. So 84 do you become a lifelong learner First, you need to be determined to keep on learning new things even when it isn’t easy. It may help if you find friends who will encourage your learning. It’s also a good idea to find 85 to learn during your day. Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait, Audio books (有聲讀物) are also 86 . It’s easy to carry them. You can 87 them while traveling or doing housework. Finding ways to use what you learn can help you 88 things. If you want to learn to fix appliance (家用電器), try fixing some at home. If you’re learning 89 , find someone who speaks that language to talk to. If you’re learning facts about science, 90 what you’re learning to someone else. Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!
76．A．useless B．meaningful C．perfect D．complete
77．A．pays off B．runs out C．stays up D．passes by
78．A．boring B．stupid C．fun D．surprising
79．A．study B．job C．brain D．ability
80．A．sharp B．sharper C．sharpen D．the sharpest
81．A．same B．old C．common D．creative
82．A．advises B．allows C．invites D．teaches
83．A．other B．the other C．the others D．another
84．A．how B．what C．who D．which
85．A．skills B．interests C．time D．knowledge
86．A．helpless B．helpful C．interesting D．cheap
87．A．listen to B．watch C．play with D．search for
88．A．make B．decorate C．remember D．believe
89．A．history B．labour C．science D．German
90．A．explain B．discuss C．send D．offer
【答案】
76．D 77．A 78．C 79．C 80．B 81．D 82．B 83．D 84．A 85．C 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．A
【導語】本文講述終身學習的益處，以及如何做到終身學習。
76．句意：當人們從高中或大學畢業，他們通常認為他們的教育完成了。
useless無用的；meaningful重要的；perfect完美的；complete完成。根據“graduate from high school or college”可知，人們通常認為畢業就是完成教育了。故選D。
77．句意：付出努力會在個人和職業上得到回報。
pays off獲得回報，帶來好結果；runs out用完；stays up熬夜；passes by路過。根據后文“It can give you...”和“And it is good for...”可知，此處應為付出努力的好處。故選A。
78．句意：在個人層面上，學習可能很有趣。
boring令人厭倦的；stupid愚蠢的；fun有趣的；surprising令人驚訝的。根據“It can give you something interesting to talk about. ”可知，學習能帶來樂趣。故選C。
79．句意：并且學習對你的大腦有好處。
study學習；job工作；brain腦；ability能力。根據后面“...your mind...”可知，此處應為學習對大腦的好處。故選C。
80．句意：正如鍛煉使你的身體更強壯一樣，當你使用大腦時，思維會變得更敏銳。
sharp敏銳的；sharper(sharp的比較級)；sharpen銳化；the sharpest（sharp的最高級）。根據“Just as exercise makes your body stronger”可知，后面應用比較級與前面保持一致。故選B。
81．句意：其他領域的知識可以幫助你在目前的工作中培養創造性的想法。
same相同的；old老的；common普通的；creative創造性的。根據“Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. ”可知，終身學習對工作有幫助，一方面是因為它能提供創造性的想法。故選D。
82．句意：同時，豐富的知識為你成為當前工作之外某個領域的專家提供了自由，如果你想，也可以在另一個領域找到工作。
advises建議（advise的第三人稱單數形式）；allows允許（allow的第三人稱單數形式）；invites邀請（invite的第三人稱單數形式）；teaches教（teache的第三人稱單數形式）。根據句意和空后“you to take a job ”可知，此處應為允許找工作。故選B。
83．句意：同時，豐富的知識為你成為當前工作之外某個領域的專家提供了自由，如果你想，也可以在另一個領域找到工作。
other其他的（人或物），常用語修飾可數名詞復數；the other另一個（特指兩者中的另一個或兩部分中的另一部分）；the others（泛指除去一部分后的另一些）；another另一個（泛指三者或三人以上中的另一個）。根據句意和空后“field if you want to.”可知，此處應為你工作之外的另一個領域。故選D。
84．句意：那么，應如何成為終身學習者呢？
how怎樣；what什么；who誰；which哪一個。根據后文內容可知，此處應為對“方式”進行提問。故選A。
85．句意：白天抽出時間學習也是個好主意。
sills技能；Interests興趣；time時間；knowledge知識。根據“Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait...”可知，此處應為抽時間學習。故選C。
86．句意：有聲讀物也很有用。
helpless無助的；helpful有幫助的；interesting有趣的；cheap便宜的。根據“...when you have to wait”可知，利用好白天等待的時間學習，有聲讀物應該也是有幫助的。故選B。
87．句意：你可以在旅行或做家務時聽有聲讀物。
listen to聽；watch看；play with玩；search for搜索。根據“Audio books”和“It’s easy to carry them.”可知，有聲讀物便于攜帶，可以在旅行或做家務時聽。故選A。
88．句意：找到使用所學知識的方法可以幫助你記住它們。
make制作；decorate裝飾；remember記得；believe相信。根據“If you want to learn to fix appliance, try fixing some at home. ”可知，實踐的目的是為了記住所學的知識。故選C。
89．句意：如果你正學習德語，找一個會說德語的人來對話。
history歷史；labour勞動；science科學；German德語。根據“find someone who speaks that language to talk to.”可知，此處是要學某種語言。故選D。
90．句意：如果你正在學習關于科學的事實，你可以把正在學習的內容向他人解釋。
explain解釋；discuss討論；send發送；offer提供。根據“Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!”可知，把正在學習的內容向他人解釋，幫助他人成為終身學習者。故選A。
Passage 7
（23-24九年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）I owe (虧欠) my father a huge thank-you! Sure, I need to 91 him for all those years of paying my bills, fixing my 92 , and providing a shoulder to cry on. But this year I 93 that his contributions to my childhood were much more than that.
I grew up as Daddy’s Little Girl. If I had a 94 that needed solving or a question that needed answering, he was the one I ran to. He helped me 95 everything from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult. He always 96 that I should do my best in whatever I did, and he believed I could succeed in 97 I put my mind to. As a result, I learned to hold myself to those same standards. He always showed me unconditional 98 , which helped me learn to love myself. It was something I’d taken for granted (想當然) until I realized from talking with my 99 that they had no similar view of their self-worth. Having fathers that didn’t believe in them made them grow up not 100 in themselves.
As I was growing up, my father also showed me how a woman should be 101 . He got along with my mom with love and respect. 102 , I grew to expect nothing less than that from the men I dated and from the man I would finally marry. Dad was 103 a living picture of godliness (虔誠), honesty and responsibility. It was only recently that I realized what a deep influence 104 have on their daughters’ lives. That is 105 I want to thank my dad for the example of love that he has been to me throughout my life.
91．A．accept B．remind C．thank D．remember
92．A．bikes B．homework C．illness D．knowledge
93．A．forgot B．realized C．discovered D．compared
94．A．present B．reason C．letter D．problem
95．A．get through B．get away C．look through D．look into
96．A．wondered B．expected C．refused D．doubted
97．A．something B．anybody C．nothing D．anything
98．A．energy B．money C．effort D．love
99．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．relatives
100．A．guessing B．believing C．thinking D．judging
101．A．thought B．satisfied C．respected D．pleased
102．A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Anyway
103．A．seriously B．hardly C．truly D．terribly
104．A．sisters B．brothers C．mothers D．fathers
105．A．who B．what C．where D．why
【答案】
91．C 92．A 93．B 94．D 95．A 96．B 97．D 98．D 99．A 100．B 101．C 102．A 103．C 104．D 105．D
【導語】本文講述了作者的父親對其成長經歷的影響，表達了作者對父愛的感恩之情。
91．句意：當然，我需要感謝他這么多年來為我付賬單，修自行車，給我一個可以依靠哭泣的肩膀。
accept接受； remind提醒； thank感謝； remember記得。根據前文中“a huge thank-you”和空后“for”，可知此處是短語thank sb. for sth.表示“感謝某人做某事”。故選C。
92．句意：當然，我需要感謝他這么多年來為我付賬單，修自行車，給我一個可以依靠哭泣的肩膀。
bikes自行車； homework家庭作業； illness疾病； knowledge知識。根據空前“fixing”，可知是修理自行車。故選A。
93．句意：但今年我意識到，他對我童年的貢獻遠不止于此。
forgot忘記； realized意識到； discovered發現； compared比較。根據空后“his contributions to my childhood were much more than that”可知空處表示“意識到”。故選B。
94．句意：如果我有一個問題需要解決或問題需要回答，他是我跑去尋求幫助的人。
present禮物； reason原因； letter信； problem問題。根據空后“solving”可知是解決問題。故選D。
95．句意：從學生時代的數學作業到成年后的職業選擇，他幫助我解決了所有問題。
get through干完、通過； get away逃離； look through瀏覽； look into考查。根據空后“from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult”可知，從學生時代的數學作業到成年后的職業選擇，結合“everything”，可知此處表示“解決了所有問題”。故選A。
96．句意：他總是期望我做任何事情都要做到最好，他相信我能在任何事情上取得成功。
wondered想知道； expected期待； refuse

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