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專題12 閱讀理解四大體裁剖析及滿分攻略
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
記敘文解題策略 2
應用文解題策略 5
說明文解題策略 6
議論文解題策略.………………………………………………………………………………9
中考練場 11
【題型概述】
體裁：應用文（廣告、通知）、記敘文（故事、人物傳記）、說明文（科普、文化）
題材：貼近學生生活（校園活動、社會熱點）、滲透文化意識（中外習俗對比）
篇幅：每篇約 200-300 詞，總閱讀量約 800-1000 詞。
強化思維能力：增加跨學科知識融合（如環(huán)保、科技類文章）
注重語篇結(jié)構(gòu)：考查段落邏輯關(guān)系（因果、對比、例證）
突出文化意識：涉及英語國家社會常識（節(jié)日、禮儀）
【命題解讀】
◆ 分題型突破
細節(jié)題：劃題干關(guān)鍵詞→定位原文→對比選項（警惕偷換概念、絕對化表述）
推理題：排除原文直接陳述的選項，選擇需 “一步推導” 的答案
詞義題：關(guān)注定義句、同位語、轉(zhuǎn)折詞（如 but, however）
主旨題：首尾段 + 高頻詞，避免 “以偏概全”
態(tài)度題：標注文中情感詞（如 fortunately, surprisingly）。
◆ 整體策略
先題后文：快速瀏覽題干，預判考點位置
限時訓練：每篇控制在 5-7 分鐘，培養(yǎng)時間感
長難句分析：抓主干（主謂賓），忽略插入語
【應試技巧】
應用文
英語應用文屬于實用型文體，如書信、通知、日記、廣告等。應用文閱讀要注意文中具體細節(jié)的把握與理解，弄清作者所傳達的實際信息及表達的具體內(nèi)容。閱讀時采取速讀與精讀相結(jié)合的方法，力求快速精確地查出試題所設(shè)置的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。應用文宜采用“題干定位法”、采用尋讀、跳讀的方法
記敘文
閱讀記敘文體應采取略讀和掃讀的方法，快速抓住文中描寫的主要內(nèi)容，從整體上去把握文章的連貫性，進而大體上揣測出作者的寫作意圖及情感主線。中考閱讀就記敘文設(shè)題大多以細節(jié)理解為主。
說明文
說明文是中考英語閱讀理解題中的重點，難點之一。它既不像記敘文那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點論據(jù)；。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)特點和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對其做出準確的語意理解。
議論文
議論文通常為三段式，即“論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論”三部份組成。首先借助某一現(xiàn)象引出論點，然后通過一定論據(jù)從各個層面上加以推理論證，最后得出結(jié)論。議論文體主要考查學生對論點及論據(jù)的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時，應采取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點。
記敘文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
關(guān)鍵詞定位法：記敘文通常包含時間、地點、人物、事件等關(guān)鍵信息。通過定位這些關(guān)鍵詞，可以快速把握文章的主要內(nèi)容。例如，在閱讀一篇關(guān)于學校活動的記敘文時，可以先找到活動的時間（如“l(fā)ast Monday”）、地點（如“in the school hall”）、參與人員（如“all the students”）和主要事件（如“a speech contest”），從而對文章有一個清晰的框架。

情感線索法：關(guān)注文中人物的情感變化，這往往是文章的線索之一。情感的變化通常與事件的發(fā)展緊密相關(guān)，通過把握情感線索，可以更好地理解文章的主題和作者的意圖。比如在一篇描述友情的故事中，主人公從孤獨到快樂的情感轉(zhuǎn)變，可能暗示了友情的力量這一主題。
【解題策略】
抓主線：關(guān)注故事的開端、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局。
細節(jié)定位：通過時間、地點、人物等關(guān)鍵詞快速定位細節(jié)。
情感態(tài)度：注意作者或人物的情感變化，推理其態(tài)度或意圖。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）Big World, Yi Yangqianxi’s new movie, has warmed the hearts of many. Yi stars as Liu Chunhe, a young man with cerebral palsy (腦癱). Chunhe helps his grandmother realize her dream of performing on stage. He also discovers himself in this process.
The movie opens with Chunhe climbing the stairs. His steps are shaky. It looks like he might fall at any moment. Indeed, Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body. He needs the bed’s handrail to get out of bed. His fingers are bent, and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).
People often treat him unkindly and look at him with pity, fear or dislike. This makes Chunhe’s life even harder. But the movie sends a strong message: Cerebral palsy is not silly! Chunhe doesn’t need pity or to be seen as weak. He needs respect and the chance to live as a “l(fā)ittle me” in a big world. He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not “perfect.”
Yi spent a lot of time watching people with cerebral palsy and preparing for the role. It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes. All they see is a common young man with special needs. Yi’s hard work has helped the movie draw duo attention to people like Chunhe. Their lives should be made easier, not harder.
1．What challenges does Liu Chunhe face in his daily life
A．He cannot walk or speak and has a hard life.
B．He completely depends on others for everything.
C．He has difficulty in basic tasks like walking, eating, and speaking.
D．He is treated with kindness and respect by everyone around him.
2．What do viewers forget about Yi Yangqianxi while watching the movie
A．His acting skills. B．His popularity as a star. C．His physical appearance. D．His past roles.
3．What does the underlined word “define” most probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．To compare something carefully. B．To introduce something meaningful.
C．To create or decide something for oneself. D．To forget about something important.
4．How should the society treat people like Liu Chunhe
A．They should be treated with pity and fear.
B．They should be seperated from society.
C．They should be given respect and chances to live their own lives.
D．They should be seen as weak and try to help them.
二、 應用文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
格式識別法：應用文有不同的格式，標題（Title）、項目符號（Bullet Points）、表格（Table）、特殊格式（如書信、通知、海報等）。熟悉這些格式有助于快速獲取關(guān)鍵信息。例如，在閱讀一封求職信時，可以根據(jù)書信的格式，先找到寫信人的基本信息、求職意向，再關(guān)注信中的主要內(nèi)容，如工作經(jīng)歷、技能等。
目的推斷法：明確應用文的寫作目的，這可以幫助理解文章的重點。比如，一份產(chǎn)品說明書的目的是向用戶介紹產(chǎn)品的使用方法和特點，那么在閱讀時就可以重點關(guān)注這些方面的內(nèi)容，而不需要過多關(guān)注一些背景介紹或其他次要信息。
【解題策略】
抓關(guān)鍵信息：關(guān)注標題、時間、地點、目的等核心信息。
細節(jié)比對：將試題與原文信息逐一比對，排除干擾選項。
邏輯推理：根據(jù)文中提供的信息推斷隱含內(nèi)容。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）
1．According to the passage, who was the buyer of the medicine
A．Mr. Brown. B．Mr. Brown’s child. C．Jane Smith. D．Jane Smith’s child.
2．The medicine can be helpful for you if you ________.
A．catch a cold B．cut your finger C．break your leg D．have a toothache
3．Which of the following is true about the medicine label
A．It can be taken by all people.
B．You can drive after taking the medicine.
C．It won’t work without drinking water.
D．It can’t be taken after June, 23, 2023.
三、 說明文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
結(jié)構(gòu)分析法：說明文一般有固定的結(jié)構(gòu)，如總分總、分總等。了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有助于快速找到所需信息。例如，一篇介紹動物習性的說明文，可能會先總體介紹這種動物的特點，然后分別從外形、飲食習慣、棲息地等方面進行詳細說明，最后進行總結(jié)。在閱讀時，可以先快速瀏覽開頭和結(jié)尾段，了解文章的大致主題和總結(jié)，再根據(jù)問題在中間段落中尋找具體細節(jié)。
圖表輔助法：對于一些包含數(shù)據(jù)、過程等信息的說明文，可以利用圖表來輔助理解。比如，在閱讀一篇關(guān)于地球氣候變化的說明文時，文中可能會有溫度變化的曲線圖、不同地區(qū)降水情況的柱狀圖等。通過分析這些圖表，可以更直觀地理解文章中描述的變化趨勢和數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)系，從而更好地回答相關(guān)問題。
【解題策略】
抓主題句：通常出現(xiàn)在段落開頭或結(jié)尾，幫助理解主旨。
邏輯關(guān)系：注意因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系等邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。
細節(jié)理解：根據(jù)問題關(guān)鍵詞定位具體信息。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）
Do you know full confidence in your memory Look at the two pictures and choose the one which you think is correct. Then check with the answer.
Answer: The one on the right is correct. Pikachu never had a black tail in any of its various versions. Its yellow tail does have brown fur at its base, but there is no sign of black fur on its tail.
There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence “Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…” (“故天將降大任于是/斯人也……”).
Most people voted si as what they learned at school. However, People’s Education Press (PEP), a leading publisher of Chinese textbooks, claimed on Oct. 26 that all its textbooks say shi.
Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the “Mandela Effect” — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.
Many people believed that former South African president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison. However, Mandela was alive and well, eventually passing away in 2013. US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (術(shù)語) which has been in use till now.
Some often joke that our memories have been changed by a strange force. In fact, psychologists have looked into the reasons for the Mandela Effect, as reported on the US-based website Verywell Mind.
For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虛構(gòu)癥). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.
The internet may be another reason why we tend to have Mandela Effect events, as the news we read can be false from the beginning. In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth. As a powerful way to spread information, the internet might be the main reason for falsehoods to enter our minds.
41．Why does the writer mention the discussion about the sentence in Paragraph 3
A．To solve a mystery of Mandela Effect. B．To raise readers’ interest in confabulation.
C．To introduce the topic of the Mandela Effect. D．To discuss which word is the right one, si or shi.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “coining” in Paragraph 6
A．Inventing. B．Borrowing. C．Describing. D．Correcting.
43．How does the writer further explain the Mandela Effect
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
44．What can we infer from the passage
A．Most people know the former South African president Mandela well.
B．The word si or shi both existed in Chinese textbooks published by the PEP.
C．If you can tell the right Pikachu, you will never suffer from the Mandela Effect.
D．If you remember details that never happened, you may experience the Mandela Effect.
四、議論文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
論點定位法：議論文的核心是論點，通常出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾。快速找到論點可以明確文章的主旨。例如，在一篇討論環(huán)保重要性的議論文中，開頭可能會明確提出“環(huán)保是當今社會亟待解決的重要問題”這一論點，后續(xù)內(nèi)容都是圍繞這一論點展開論證。
論據(jù)分析法：在理解論點的基礎(chǔ)上，分析作者使用的論據(jù)。論據(jù)可以是事實、數(shù)據(jù)、名人名言等，通過評估論據(jù)的可靠性和相關(guān)性，可以更好地理解作者的觀點和論證過程。比如，作者引用了某項科學研究的數(shù)據(jù)來支持環(huán)保措施的有效性，就可以通過分析這些數(shù)據(jù)的來源和合理性，來判斷作者論證的強度。
【解題策略】
抓論點：明確作者的觀點或立場。
論據(jù)分析：理解支持論點的理由或事實。
推理判斷：根據(jù)作者觀點推斷其態(tài)度或意圖。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2024·江蘇南京·三模）If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.
At my elementary school, mental health was not discussed even once as far as I can remember. This makes me wonder how many other schools are failing to educate their students on this topic. It makes me sad that children growing up with mental illness may feel like it is something to be ashamed of (對……感到羞恥的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high school, mental health was still seldom discussed. But when it was in the topic of health or biology class, I was given a broad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my opinion, overstressed high school students could benefit (獲益) greatly from more deep discussions about how to deal with mental health problems, such as how to know when you should care about yourself or a friend, or who to reach out for help. I know my friends and I could have benefited. Even if you personally have never faced mental health problems, someone you know is sure to have, and you can offer timely help.
I also believe we need to normalize (使……正常化) discussions about mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them from sight. At school, I saw a student’s report on mental health education and how it can be carried out in the American school system. The student used the film Iniside Out to explain feelings to younger kids. This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.
Although we can’t change the way people think about mental health over one night, there are still things we can do. Asking our friends how they’re feeling is a good start.
1．How does the writer introduce his topic in Paragraph 1
A．By showing facts. B．By giving numbers.
C．By making comparison. D．By sharing a story.
2．What does the writer learn from the student’s report
A．Kids who are healthy outside might be ill inside.
B．Mental health discussions can be held with young kids.
C．The American school system is open to mental health education.
D．Watching educational films can help children with mental illness.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the article
A．①②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②/③④/⑤
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Mental health matters! B．Is it okay if it’s not good
C．The earlier, the better! D．How to pay attention to mental health
【模擬練】
Passage 1
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr. Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold-digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was away on business. Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...
—Taken from the The Call of the Wild
5．Why did these gold-diggers want big dogs
A．To kill big dogs for meat. B．To sell big dogs for money.
C．To train big dogs for gold-digging. D．To take care of their children.
6．What does the writer want to show by using the sentence “Buck did not read the newspapers” twice
A．Buck didn’t have the good habit of reading.
B．Buck didn’t know how to get help from the newspapers.
C．Buck didn’t expect himself to be in a dangerous situation.
D．Buck didn’t know Manuel just wanted an evening walk with him.
7．What is the correct order of the events in the story
① Buck was thrown into the train. ② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold. ④ Buck lived as a king in Mr. Miller’s house.
A．④②③① B．④①②③ C．②④③① D．③①④②
Passage 2
（2025·江蘇鹽城·一模）
4．The material is probably taken from ________.
A．a(chǎn) website for travelling B．a(chǎn) webpage for decoration
C．a(chǎn) website for attractions D．a(chǎn) webpage for airlines
5．Which country is the user going to
A．Japan. B．France. C．America. D．Russia.
6．What do we know about Hotel Duo
A．Its suite has a kitchen. B．It’s less popular among people.
C．It doesn’t need prepayment to book. D．It has two bathrooms.
Passage 3
（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the “time out”.
It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done. Then, when the time is up, he will apologize and learn from the mistake.
However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do. In fact, very often, children don’t sit nicely and think about what they’ve done. Instead, they need to be told a few (or many) times to go back to their places and stay quiet. They’re not reflecting on why they are in the “time out” at all. More likely than not, they’re probably just really angry, and ‘so’ are the parents. In the end, both the parents and the children make each other unhappy, or even angry.
What can parents do to change this situation You may have already heard of things like peaceful parenting (育兒) and gentle parenting. These focus on the relationship between parent and child through building trust and love. So, instead of starting a “time out”, try something called “time in”. A “time in” needs both parent and child to stay close until both get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and solve the problem together. If the child can make changes, everyone can then move on.
As we all know, punishment and violence (暴力) seldom work and will never teach the children what the right way to act is. A “time in” can be the great time for the children to learn through mistakes. Kids learn how to build their emotional and social skills through difficult situations. So, instead of punishing them for acting their age, we can use chances to teach and guide them to a place of learning.
A “time in” may take more time, but it does work.
1．In the writer’s opinion, a “time out” ________.
A．is becoming more popular B．doesn’t always work
C．should be parents' first choice D．takes too much time
2．During a “time out”, a child is told to ________.
A．stay outside B．make a promise
C．sit alone and reflect D．return to school
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why not “time in” B．Learn from mistakes!
C．“Time out” or “time in” D．No violence at home!
Passage 4
（2024·江蘇常州·三模）What interests many parents is that musical training improves the development of brains— that “music makes us smarter”. According to a study by the UK’s largest music education body, 7 out of every 10 children say they presently play a musical instrument. Whether this figure (數(shù)字) shows that most parents do believe the statement, or whether the potential benefits of music are hard to ignore (忽視). Ongoing research looks for suggestive evidence (證據(jù)) proving that musical training may actually strengthen the so-called “smart skills”.
The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. In the 2003 study by The Chinese University of Hong Kong were 90 boys between 6 and 15, half of whom had 1 to 5 years of musical training and half of whom had none at all. Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes. One year later, a follow-up study showed that those students who continued training, as well as beginners who had recently begun musical training, both showed improvement in retention. However, students who had stopped music practice fewer than three months after the first study showed no further improvement. These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.
There is also increasing evidence that musical training may result in changes to the brain structure. Noticeable differences have been found between the brains of musicians and non-musicians. The size of those musician’s brain areas connected with hearing and visuospatial (視覺空間) abilities is larger. A 2014 study found that the part of the cortex (大腦皮層) was thicker in children who had taken musical training.
However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter. Others think that people who are naturally gifted in the cognitive (認知的) functions are simply more likely to play musical instruments. It would therefore be premature (草率的) to state without any doubt that music makes people smarter. Whatever the truth behind the statement that “music makes us smarter”, it should eventually come second only to the fact that music is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
4．The studies by The Chinese University of Hong Kong show that ______.
A．most parents believe the statement
B．people who take musical training might be happier
C．musical training may result in changes to the brain
D．musical training might improve students’ ability to remember things
5．The word “retention” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______.”
A．practice B．memory C．train D．subject
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．People have different opinions on whether music can make them smarter.
B．A child whose cortex is thicker prefers to take musical training.
C．70 percent of students like playing musical instrument.
D．Students who had taken the test had continued training.
7．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest that people learn a musical instrument.
B．To show that finding pleasure in music is important.
C．To stress that musical training may benefit the brain
D．To remind that musicians are usually smart.
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）It’s important to teach your children good manners. Teaching good manners should begin long before they know how to walk or talk. In life, you have to set a good example for them.
But how do we teach them good manners There is a good book, How to behave and Why. It is written by Munro Leaf. I read it with my first grade students and we love the book. It tells good manners that every child should know. The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.
In daily life, before children are going to school or a friend’s house, tell them the importance of good manners. In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime. And you can have a manner’s competition. It makes learning manners more interesting.
What are good manners for children At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class. And they should say “hello” or “goodbye” to teachers and classmates, and “thank you” when they get help from others. Good table manners are important, too. For example, teach your children not to talk with their mouth full. Tell them that old people should eat first. Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.
In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.
5．From paragraph 1, we know the passage may be written for ________.
A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．students
6．What does the underlined word “comprehend” mean
A．Record. B．Print. C．Buy. D．Understand.
7．Which paragraphs show us examples of teaching children good manners
A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3.
C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5.
8．What does the writer think of children learning good manners
A．Helpful. B．Creative. C．Useless. D．Boring.
【真題練】
（2024·江蘇常州·中考真題）My father was busy fixing Belinda’s spaceship all afternoon. In the evening, I went to the landing place. “Dear Father,” I said politely. “Have you found Belinda’s parents yet ”
“Not yet, my dear.” He shook his head.
I felt relaxed. I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.
But Belinda had followed me.
“Not yet ” she shouted. “Why not I’ll send them a message! They’ll listen to me!”
Belinda ran to the radio. She shouted into it so loudly that I had to cover all my four ears. “Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”
“Poor Belinda!” my sister came and said. “Her parents must be missing her.”
“Huh!” I snorted (發(fā)出哼聲). “Missing her You’re joking! Who would want such a bossy kid back They probably lost her on purpose.”
Belinda’s face clouded. I thought she was going to shout again, but she didn’t. Instead, something very strange happened — her eyes began to water!
“Oh, help!” said Roa. “Is she dying ”
I felt terrible. “Don’t die, Belinda! I didn’t mean it.”
Then Belinda opened her mouth wide and shouted, “What if it’s true What if they’ve gone away and left me here forever ”
We were all so busy comforting Belinda that we didn’t notice the soft knock of a ship landing outside. We didn’t see two tall people come out of it until Belinda ran out in excitement.
“Mummy! Daddy!”
Belinda’s parents were even uglier than she was, but they looked polite. “Hello, dear,” the female said. “We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”
We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship. “Goodbye!” shouted Belinda. “Goodbye! Thanks for taking care of our baby girl!” said her father.
None of us answered. We waved (揮手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.
12．What most probably happened before this passage
A．“I” just met Belinda’s parents.
B．Belinda’s parents left Belinda alone on purpose.
C．Belinda got separated from her parents for some reason.
D．There was a fight between “my” father and Belinda’s parents.
13．What was Belinda like in “my” eyes
A．Gentle but careless. B．Careful but unkind. C．Noisy and impolite. D．Brave and sweet.
14．How did Roa and “I” feel when Belinda left
A．Sad. B．Happy. C．Moved. D．Regretful.
15．What type of article is this passage
A．A science fiction. B．A documentary. C．A travel diary. D．A detective story.
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Auggie’s Story
Sleep
I’d been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn’t come. It was almost two a. m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight (手電筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn’t sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.
When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we’d been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the movie. They didn’t know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It’s so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that’s the worst in your life, but to everybody else it’s just a usual night.
Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.
But something was different. Something had changed.
Home
“So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first ” I asked Mum.
“Whatever you want to talk about,” she answered.
“Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time,” I said. “I feel like they ruined (毀壞) the whole trip for me.”
“No, sweetie. Don’t let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour. Don’t let them take that away from you, okay ”
“I know.” I nodded. “But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”
“There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie,” she said, looking at me. “But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care of each other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids.”
“Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,” I answered. “They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.”
“Sometimes people surprise us,” she said, rubbing the top of my head.
16．Why couldn’t Auggie fall asleep
A．He kept thinking about something. B．He was doing bedtime reading.
C．He was looking for his flashlight. D．He didn’t like his sleeping bag.
17．According to the first part, what was different at the camp
A．The sky. B．Auggie’s face. C．The movie. D．Auggie’s feeling.
18．Auggie was worried that ______.
A．his mum would feel unhappy B．bad guys would always be around
C．he would not have a good trip D．Jack would not be his friend any more
19．What do we know about Miles and Henry
A．They ruined Auggie’s whole trip. B．They took something away from Auggie.
C．They were nice to Auggie this time. D．They were Auggie’s best friends.
（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）
Summer Day Camp Day Camp is an all-day program. Youth (aged 8-16) can take part when the summer holiday starts. This fun-filled program is about sports, games and other fun activities.
Program information July 2-July 8, 2024 |7 a.m.-6 p.m. Registration (登記) information online: June 20- June 30, 2024
What your children can do at Day Camp: *For children aged 8-12 Paint, dance and play games. For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips. ￥30 per day per child
If you want to apply for the camp, you have to: * Pay in full. * First come, first served.
For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov
9．When will the Day Camp begin
A．On July 2, 2024. B．On June 20, 2024.
C．On July 8, 2024. D．On June 30, 2024.
10．What activity can you take part in if you are 15 years old
A．Painting. B．Playing games.
C．Dancing. D．Playing sports.
11．How can you find more information about the camp according to the passage
A．By visiting the website. B．By reading newspapers.
C．By asking your teachers. D．By making a telephone call.
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）It is generally neither too hot nor too cold in Suzhou. Sometimes summer can be hot and wet. Winter can be a little cold, but not too cold if the wind is not blowing too strongly.
Months Average (平均) Temperature Average Rainfall
January-February 2-10℃ 5-7cm
March 7-13℃ 9-10cm
April-May 12-24℃ 7-9cm
June-August 22-31℃ 19-22cm
September-October 17-28℃ 5-7cm
November-December 5-17℃ 4-5cm
Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind. They show different features during different months. The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (開花) in a different season. The view of this garden changes according to the time of year.
Rain should not be a problem. It shouldn’t stop you from enjoying your stay in Suzhou. Instead, many would say the classical gardens are at their best in rain or heavy fog.
12．What’s the average temperature in Suzhou in March
A．2-10℃. B．7-13℃. C．12-24℃. D．5-17℃.
13．To better explain the design features of the gardens, the writer ________.
A．gives an example B．a(chǎn)sks a question
C．makes a survey D．lists some numbers
14．What’s the best title for the text
A．Gardens in Suzhou. B．Rain in Suzhou.
C．Seasons in Suzhou. D．Weather in Suzhou.
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside.” Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count.
Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV.
You may say, “I play inside more than outside and I like to play games on the computer.”
If so, it’s likely that you spent more time inside four walls than outside in fresh air. Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. That’s according to a University of Michigan study. Non-moving activities are more popular. The costs “include overweight, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder.
Play is important, even for adults.
Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.”
Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out Having trouble devoting your mind to what you’re doing Too much time indoors — away from the natural world — may be a cause. Louv uses a term to describe the set of problems caused by too much time indoors: nature deficit disorder. He says, “I use it to describe the price we pay for being so separated from nature.”
Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe in fresh air, hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.
So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a video game, consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead.
9．How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play
A．By presenting the results of a recent study.
B．By introducing different kinds of outdoor play.
C．By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case.
D．By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind.
10．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5
A．Outdoor play helps form relationships.
B．Just getting outdoors does wonders.
C．Nature can remind us of life beyond our worries.
D．The outdoors is the best place to practise physical skills.
11．Which word is closest to the meaning of “hone” in Paragraph 6
A．improve B．limit C．produce D．organize
12．Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play
A．Walking from your car into the mall.
B．Spending your quality time with TV drama series.
C．Playing a video game of making sandcastles by the beach.
D．Watching in your local park how fast the clouds are moving.
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）
Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad. We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms. A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to live in China for its culture.
Interested in Chinese classical literature, Canadian artist Brandon Collins-Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of paintings. Often painting throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works. Living alone in the center of Nanchang, he has come a long way since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature.
Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So far, I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (謎語), and dialogues into English, and completed over 1 million words of articles and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies,” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction.
Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan. He has won kung fu championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung fu team. “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture. It is not just a sport but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the world,” he said.
Vincent Cazeneuve, known as Wensen Qi in Chinese, is a French artist devoted to lacquer (漆器) creation. He came to live in Chongqing in 2009. His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of China, and his fans have even collected some of them.
What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people It lies in its richness and openness. Also its cultural background differences make foreigners curious about the lifestyles, way of thinking, and values of the country.
13．What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture
A．He has created many famous Chinese poems.
B．He has decided to move to China with his friends.
C．He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles.
D．He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English.
14．As to Chinese culture, what is Timur Kuvatov interested in
A．Kung fu. B．Paintings. C．Literature. D．Lacquer creation.
15．What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon, Timur and Vincent
A．Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners.
B．The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad.
C．Chinese culture is getting popular around the world.
D．China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live.
16．What can be the best title for the passage
A．New look of traditional Chinese culture
B．Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes
C．Development of Chinese culture in the West
D．Culture differences between the East and West
21世紀教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com)專題12 閱讀理解四大體裁剖析及滿分攻略
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
記敘文解題策略 2
應用文解題策略 5
說明文解題策略 6
議論文解題策略.………………………………………………………………………………9
中考練場 11
【題型概述】
體裁：應用文（廣告、通知）、記敘文（故事、人物傳記）、說明文（科普、文化）
題材：貼近學生生活（校園活動、社會熱點）、滲透文化意識（中外習俗對比）
篇幅：每篇約 200-300 詞，總閱讀量約 800-1000 詞。
強化思維能力：增加跨學科知識融合（如環(huán)保、科技類文章）
注重語篇結(jié)構(gòu)：考查段落邏輯關(guān)系（因果、對比、例證）
突出文化意識：涉及英語國家社會常識（節(jié)日、禮儀）
【命題解讀】
◆ 分題型突破
細節(jié)題：劃題干關(guān)鍵詞→定位原文→對比選項（警惕偷換概念、絕對化表述）
推理題：排除原文直接陳述的選項，選擇需 “一步推導” 的答案
詞義題：關(guān)注定義句、同位語、轉(zhuǎn)折詞（如 but, however）
主旨題：首尾段 + 高頻詞，避免 “以偏概全”
態(tài)度題：標注文中情感詞（如 fortunately, surprisingly）。
◆ 整體策略
先題后文：快速瀏覽題干，預判考點位置
限時訓練：每篇控制在 5-7 分鐘，培養(yǎng)時間感
長難句分析：抓主干（主謂賓），忽略插入語
【應試技巧】
應用文
英語應用文屬于實用型文體，如書信、通知、日記、廣告等。應用文閱讀要注意文中具體細節(jié)的把握與理解，弄清作者所傳達的實際信息及表達的具體內(nèi)容。閱讀時采取速讀與精讀相結(jié)合的方法，力求快速精確地查出試題所設(shè)置的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。應用文宜采用“題干定位法”、采用尋讀、跳讀的方法
記敘文
閱讀記敘文體應采取略讀和掃讀的方法，快速抓住文中描寫的主要內(nèi)容，從整體上去把握文章的連貫性，進而大體上揣測出作者的寫作意圖及情感主線。中考閱讀就記敘文設(shè)題大多以細節(jié)理解為主。
說明文
說明文是中考英語閱讀理解題中的重點，難點之一。它既不像記敘文那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點論據(jù)；。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)特點和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對其做出準確的語意理解。
議論文
議論文通常為三段式，即“論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論”三部份組成。首先借助某一現(xiàn)象引出論點，然后通過一定論據(jù)從各個層面上加以推理論證，最后得出結(jié)論。議論文體主要考查學生對論點及論據(jù)的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時，應采取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點。
一、 記敘文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
關(guān)鍵詞定位法：記敘文通常包含時間、地點、人物、事件等關(guān)鍵信息。通過定位這些關(guān)鍵詞，可以快速把握文章的主要內(nèi)容。例如，在閱讀一篇關(guān)于學校活動的記敘文時，可以先找到活動的時間（如“l(fā)ast Monday”）、地點（如“in the school hall”）、參與人員（如“all the students”）和主要事件（如“a speech contest”），從而對文章有一個清晰的框架。

情感線索法：關(guān)注文中人物的情感變化，這往往是文章的線索之一。情感的變化通常與事件的發(fā)展緊密相關(guān)，通過把握情感線索，可以更好地理解文章的主題和作者的意圖。比如在一篇描述友情的故事中，主人公從孤獨到快樂的情感轉(zhuǎn)變，可能暗示了友情的力量這一主題。
【解題策略】
抓主線：關(guān)注故事的開端、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局。
細節(jié)定位：通過時間、地點、人物等關(guān)鍵詞快速定位細節(jié)。
情感態(tài)度：注意作者或人物的情感變化，推理其態(tài)度或意圖。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）Big World, Yi Yangqianxi’s new movie, has warmed the hearts of many. Yi stars as Liu Chunhe, a young man with cerebral palsy (腦癱). Chunhe helps his grandmother realize her dream of performing on stage. He also discovers himself in this process.
The movie opens with Chunhe climbing the stairs. His steps are shaky. It looks like he might fall at any moment. Indeed, Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body. He needs the bed’s handrail to get out of bed. His fingers are bent, and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).
People often treat him unkindly and look at him with pity, fear or dislike. This makes Chunhe’s life even harder. But the movie sends a strong message: Cerebral palsy is not silly! Chunhe doesn’t need pity or to be seen as weak. He needs respect and the chance to live as a “l(fā)ittle me” in a big world. He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not “perfect.”
Yi spent a lot of time watching people with cerebral palsy and preparing for the role. It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes. All they see is a common young man with special needs. Yi’s hard work has helped the movie draw duo attention to people like Chunhe. Their lives should be made easier, not harder.
1．What challenges does Liu Chunhe face in his daily life
A．He cannot walk or speak and has a hard life.
B．He completely depends on others for everything.
C．He has difficulty in basic tasks like walking, eating, and speaking.
D．He is treated with kindness and respect by everyone around him.
2．What do viewers forget about Yi Yangqianxi while watching the movie
A．His acting skills. B．His popularity as a star. C．His physical appearance. D．His past roles.
3．What does the underlined word “define” most probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．To compare something carefully. B．To introduce something meaningful.
C．To create or decide something for oneself. D．To forget about something important.
4．How should the society treat people like Liu Chunhe
A．They should be treated with pity and fear.
B．They should be seperated from society.
C．They should be given respect and chances to live their own lives.
D．They should be seen as weak and try to help them.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C
【導語】本文主要介紹了易烊千璽的新電影《小小的我》，電影中劉春和雖然腦癱，但是努力生活，最后實現(xiàn)夢想的故事。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body”及“and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).”可知，他不能控制自己的身體，說話不清楚，吃東西也很危險。故選C。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes”可知，觀眾在看電影的時候忘記了易烊千璽的明星身份。故選B。
3．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“He needs respect and the chance to live as a ‘little me’ in a big world.”“He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not ‘perfect.’”可知，我們都可以定義自己的幸福，即使我們并不“完美”，故推出劃線部分define意為“定義”，即“為自己創(chuàng)造或決定某事”。故選C。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“He needs respect and the chance to live as a ‘little me’ in a big world.”可知，他們需要尊重和機會在大世界中做一個“小我”。故選C。
二、 應用文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
格式識別法：應用文有不同的格式，標題（Title）、項目符號（Bullet Points）、表格（Table）、特殊格式（如書信、通知、海報等）。熟悉這些格式有助于快速獲取關(guān)鍵信息。例如，在閱讀一封求職信時，可以根據(jù)書信的格式，先找到寫信人的基本信息、求職意向，再關(guān)注信中的主要內(nèi)容，如工作經(jīng)歷、技能等。
目的推斷法：明確應用文的寫作目的，這可以幫助理解文章的重點。比如，一份產(chǎn)品說明書的目的是向用戶介紹產(chǎn)品的使用方法和特點，那么在閱讀時就可以重點關(guān)注這些方面的內(nèi)容，而不需要過多關(guān)注一些背景介紹或其他次要信息。
【解題策略】
抓關(guān)鍵信息：關(guān)注標題、時間、地點、目的等核心信息。
細節(jié)比對：將試題與原文信息逐一比對，排除干擾選項。
邏輯推理：根據(jù)文中提供的信息推斷隱含內(nèi)容。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）
1．According to the passage, who was the buyer of the medicine
A．Mr. Brown. B．Mr. Brown’s child. C．Jane Smith. D．Jane Smith’s child.
2．The medicine can be helpful for you if you ________.
A．catch a cold B．cut your finger C．break your leg D．have a toothache
3．Which of the following is true about the medicine label
A．It can be taken by all people.
B．You can drive after taking the medicine.
C．It won’t work without drinking water.
D．It can’t be taken after June, 23, 2023.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D
【導語】本文是一張藥物標簽。
1． 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The person who bought this medicine JANE SMITH”可知，Jane Smith買了這種藥。故選C。
2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The person who bought this medicine Help with common cold, headache, fever and cough”可知，感冒、頭疼、發(fā)燒及咳嗽的人可以使用這種藥。故選A。
3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“USE BEFORE 06/23/23”可知，它不能在2023年6月23日以后服用。故選D。
三、 說明文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
結(jié)構(gòu)分析法：說明文一般有固定的結(jié)構(gòu)，如總分總、分總等。了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有助于快速找到所需信息。例如，一篇介紹動物習性的說明文，可能會先總體介紹這種動物的特點，然后分別從外形、飲食習慣、棲息地等方面進行詳細說明，最后進行總結(jié)。在閱讀時，可以先快速瀏覽開頭和結(jié)尾段，了解文章的大致主題和總結(jié)，再根據(jù)問題在中間段落中尋找具體細節(jié)。
圖表輔助法：對于一些包含數(shù)據(jù)、過程等信息的說明文，可以利用圖表來輔助理解。比如，在閱讀一篇關(guān)于地球氣候變化的說明文時，文中可能會有溫度變化的曲線圖、不同地區(qū)降水情況的柱狀圖等。通過分析這些圖表，可以更直觀地理解文章中描述的變化趨勢和數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)系，從而更好地回答相關(guān)問題。
【解題策略】
抓主題句：通常出現(xiàn)在段落開頭或結(jié)尾，幫助理解主旨。
邏輯關(guān)系：注意因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系等邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。
細節(jié)理解：根據(jù)問題關(guān)鍵詞定位具體信息。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）
Do you know full confidence in your memory Look at the two pictures and choose the one which you think is correct. Then check with the answer.
Answer: The one on the right is correct. Pikachu never had a black tail in any of its various versions. Its yellow tail does have brown fur at its base, but there is no sign of black fur on its tail.
There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence “Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…” (“故天將降大任于是/斯人也……”).
Most people voted si as what they learned at school. However, People’s Education Press (PEP), a leading publisher of Chinese textbooks, claimed on Oct. 26 that all its textbooks say shi.
Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the “Mandela Effect” — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.
Many people believed that former South African president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison. However, Mandela was alive and well, eventually passing away in 2013. US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (術(shù)語) which has been in use till now.
Some often joke that our memories have been changed by a strange force. In fact, psychologists have looked into the reasons for the Mandela Effect, as reported on the US-based website Verywell Mind.
For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虛構(gòu)癥). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.
The internet may be another reason why we tend to have Mandela Effect events, as the news we read can be false from the beginning. In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth. As a powerful way to spread information, the internet might be the main reason for falsehoods to enter our minds.
41．Why does the writer mention the discussion about the sentence in Paragraph 3
A．To solve a mystery of Mandela Effect. B．To raise readers’ interest in confabulation.
C．To introduce the topic of the Mandela Effect. D．To discuss which word is the right one, si or shi.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “coining” in Paragraph 6
A．Inventing. B．Borrowing. C．Describing. D．Correcting.
43．How does the writer further explain the Mandela Effect
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
44．What can we infer from the passage
A．Most people know the former South African president Mandela well.
B．The word si or shi both existed in Chinese textbooks published by the PEP.
C．If you can tell the right Pikachu, you will never suffer from the Mandela Effect.
D．If you remember details that never happened, you may experience the Mandela Effect.
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要闡述了“曼德拉效應”的起因和該效應的影響。
41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence ‘Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…’ (“故天將降大任于是/斯人也……”).”以及“Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the ‘Mandela Effect’ — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.”可知作者講述這句話的目的是為了引出曼德拉效應的話題，故選C。
42．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (術(shù)語) which has been in use till now.”可知美國研究人員菲奧娜·布魯姆創(chuàng)建了一個網(wǎng)站，詳細介紹了她對這一公眾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)現(xiàn)，并創(chuàng)造了這個詞，直到現(xiàn)在還在使用。所以coining和inventing意思相近，故選A。
43．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虛構(gòu)癥). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.”以及“In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth.”可推知，作者通過舉例進一步解釋曼德拉效應。故選B。
44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虛構(gòu)癥). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.”可推知，如果你記得從未發(fā)生過的細節(jié)，你可能會體驗到曼德拉效應。故選D。
四、議論文解題策略
【考點詮釋】
論點定位法：議論文的核心是論點，通常出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾。快速找到論點可以明確文章的主旨。例如，在一篇討論環(huán)保重要性的議論文中，開頭可能會明確提出“環(huán)保是當今社會亟待解決的重要問題”這一論點，后續(xù)內(nèi)容都是圍繞這一論點展開論證。
論據(jù)分析法：在理解論點的基礎(chǔ)上，分析作者使用的論據(jù)。論據(jù)可以是事實、數(shù)據(jù)、名人名言等，通過評估論據(jù)的可靠性和相關(guān)性，可以更好地理解作者的觀點和論證過程。比如，作者引用了某項科學研究的數(shù)據(jù)來支持環(huán)保措施的有效性，就可以通過分析這些數(shù)據(jù)的來源和合理性，來判斷作者論證的強度。
【解題策略】
抓論點：明確作者的觀點或立場。
論據(jù)分析：理解支持論點的理由或事實。
推理判斷：根據(jù)作者觀點推斷其態(tài)度或意圖。
【典題舉隅】
【示例】
（2024·江蘇南京·三模）If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.
At my elementary school, mental health was not discussed even once as far as I can remember. This makes me wonder how many other schools are failing to educate their students on this topic. It makes me sad that children growing up with mental illness may feel like it is something to be ashamed of (對……感到羞恥的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high school, mental health was still seldom discussed. But when it was in the topic of health or biology class, I was given a broad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my opinion, overstressed high school students could benefit (獲益) greatly from more deep discussions about how to deal with mental health problems, such as how to know when you should care about yourself or a friend, or who to reach out for help. I know my friends and I could have benefited. Even if you personally have never faced mental health problems, someone you know is sure to have, and you can offer timely help.
I also believe we need to normalize (使……正常化) discussions about mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them from sight. At school, I saw a student’s report on mental health education and how it can be carried out in the American school system. The student used the film Iniside Out to explain feelings to younger kids. This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.
Although we can’t change the way people think about mental health over one night, there are still things we can do. Asking our friends how they’re feeling is a good start.
1．How does the writer introduce his topic in Paragraph 1
A．By showing facts. B．By giving numbers.
C．By making comparison. D．By sharing a story.
2．What does the writer learn from the student’s report
A．Kids who are healthy outside might be ill inside.
B．Mental health discussions can be held with young kids.
C．The American school system is open to mental health education.
D．Watching educational films can help children with mental illness.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the article
A．①②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②/③④/⑤
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Mental health matters! B．Is it okay if it’s not good
C．The earlier, the better! D．How to pay attention to mental health
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A
【導語】本文主要講述心理健康問題普遍不被討論的現(xiàn)象，討論了心理健康的重要性及其教育問題。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.”可知如果得了感冒，會不假思索地告訴朋友或醫(yī)生，但是如果有了心理問題，卻不一定會這樣做。作者以對比的方式，引出心理健康問題不被討論的話題，故選C。
2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.”可知作者從報告中了解到，心理健康討論可以在小學生中進行，故選B。
3．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，作者在第一段提出心理健康問題不被說出來的普遍現(xiàn)象；第二段講述小學把心理問題羞于談?wù)摰默F(xiàn)象；第三段和第四段介紹了作者關(guān)于盡早開始談?wù)撔睦斫】祮栴}的建議；最后一段總結(jié)作者的觀點：無法在一夜之間改變別人看待心理健康的方式，但我們?nèi)杂兴鶠椤９蔬xD。
4．最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要討論心理健康的重要性及其教育問題，標題A應能概括文章主旨。故選A。
【模擬練】
Passage 1
（2025·江蘇無錫·一模）Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr. Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold-digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was away on business. Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...
—Taken from the The Call of the Wild
5．Why did these gold-diggers want big dogs
A．To kill big dogs for meat. B．To sell big dogs for money.
C．To train big dogs for gold-digging. D．To take care of their children.
6．What does the writer want to show by using the sentence “Buck did not read the newspapers” twice
A．Buck didn’t have the good habit of reading.
B．Buck didn’t know how to get help from the newspapers.
C．Buck didn’t expect himself to be in a dangerous situation.
D．Buck didn’t know Manuel just wanted an evening walk with him.
7．What is the correct order of the events in the story
① Buck was thrown into the train. ② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold. ④ Buck lived as a king in Mr. Miller’s house.
A．④②③① B．④①②③ C．②④③① D．③①④②
【答案】5．C 6．C 7．A
【導語】本文摘選自小說《野性的呼喚》，主要講述了主角Buck的悲慘遭遇。
5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.”可知，淘金者在加拿大西北部發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，這些人想要又大又強壯的狗在北方寒冷的雪地里為他們工作，所以可推知這些淘金者想要訓練大狗去淘金。故選C。
6．詞句猜測題。通讀全文可知，Buck曾經(jīng)生活的幸福自在，然而Manuel卻因為錢把它賣給了淘金者，從此Buck的命運發(fā)生了改變，所以作者提到兩次畫線句是為了表示Buck沒想到自己會處于危險的境地。故選C。
7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. ... He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands.”可知，首先Buck和米勒一家幸福地生活在一起。根據(jù)第三段“Manuel and Buck left the garden together.”可知，接著Manuel帶它出去了。根據(jù)第三段“This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.”可知，然后Manuel把Buck賣了，Buck被繩子系著。根據(jù)第四段“When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...”可知，最后Buck被扔到了火車上。所以事件的順序為④②③①。故選A。
Passage 2
（2025·江蘇鹽城·一模）
4．The material is probably taken from ________.
A．a(chǎn) website for travelling B．a(chǎn) webpage for decoration
C．a(chǎn) website for attractions D．a(chǎn) webpage for airlines
5．Which country is the user going to
A．Japan. B．France. C．America. D．Russia.
6．What do we know about Hotel Duo
A．Its suite has a kitchen. B．It’s less popular among people.
C．It doesn’t need prepayment to book. D．It has two bathrooms.
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．C
【導語】本文主要介紹了一個關(guān)于旅行的網(wǎng)站。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)網(wǎng)站最上面的信息 “;Stay;Flight... Register;Sign in”可知，本文主要介紹了一個關(guān)于旅行的網(wǎng)站，可以預定住宿、航班等。故選A。
5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Search”中的信息，目的地是“Paris(巴黎)”，所以用戶要去法國，故選B。
6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hotel Duo”部分的信息，“Free cancellation; no prepayment needed(免費取消;不需要預付預訂費)”可知，它不需要預付預訂費，故選C。
Passage 3
（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the “time out”.
It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done. Then, when the time is up, he will apologize and learn from the mistake.
However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do. In fact, very often, children don’t sit nicely and think about what they’ve done. Instead, they need to be told a few (or many) times to go back to their places and stay quiet. They’re not reflecting on why they are in the “time out” at all. More likely than not, they’re probably just really angry, and ‘so’ are the parents. In the end, both the parents and the children make each other unhappy, or even angry.
What can parents do to change this situation You may have already heard of things like peaceful parenting (育兒) and gentle parenting. These focus on the relationship between parent and child through building trust and love. So, instead of starting a “time out”, try something called “time in”. A “time in” needs both parent and child to stay close until both get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and solve the problem together. If the child can make changes, everyone can then move on.
As we all know, punishment and violence (暴力) seldom work and will never teach the children what the right way to act is. A “time in” can be the great time for the children to learn through mistakes. Kids learn how to build their emotional and social skills through difficult situations. So, instead of punishing them for acting their age, we can use chances to teach and guide them to a place of learning.
A “time in” may take more time, but it does work.
1．In the writer’s opinion, a “time out” ________.
A．is becoming more popular B．doesn’t always work
C．should be parents' first choice D．takes too much time
2．During a “time out”, a child is told to ________.
A．stay outside B．make a promise
C．sit alone and reflect D．return to school
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why not “time in” B．Learn from mistakes!
C．“Time out” or “time in” D．No violence at home!
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A
【導語】本文主要論述了與其讓孩子獨坐反思自己的過錯，父母不如抓住機會正確引導孩子。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do.”可知，這件事已經(jīng)做了很多年，并不意味著這是正確的做法。所以在作者看來，“暫停”并不總是奏效，故選B。
2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the ‘time out’”以及“It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done.”可知，父母懲罰孩子最常用的方式之一就是“暫停”。這似乎是個好主意：孩子自己坐著思考他所做的一切。所以在“暫停”期間，一個孩子被告知要獨自坐著思考，故選C。
3．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“A ‘time in’ may take more time, but it does work.”以及通讀全文可知，作者建議父母采用“time in”的方法來引導孩子改正錯誤，所以A選項體現(xiàn)了本文的核心，故選A。
Passage 4
（2024·江蘇常州·三模）What interests many parents is that musical training improves the development of brains— that “music makes us smarter”. According to a study by the UK’s largest music education body, 7 out of every 10 children say they presently play a musical instrument. Whether this figure (數(shù)字) shows that most parents do believe the statement, or whether the potential benefits of music are hard to ignore (忽視). Ongoing research looks for suggestive evidence (證據(jù)) proving that musical training may actually strengthen the so-called “smart skills”.
The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. In the 2003 study by The Chinese University of Hong Kong were 90 boys between 6 and 15, half of whom had 1 to 5 years of musical training and half of whom had none at all. Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes. One year later, a follow-up study showed that those students who continued training, as well as beginners who had recently begun musical training, both showed improvement in retention. However, students who had stopped music practice fewer than three months after the first study showed no further improvement. These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.
There is also increasing evidence that musical training may result in changes to the brain structure. Noticeable differences have been found between the brains of musicians and non-musicians. The size of those musician’s brain areas connected with hearing and visuospatial (視覺空間) abilities is larger. A 2014 study found that the part of the cortex (大腦皮層) was thicker in children who had taken musical training.
However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter. Others think that people who are naturally gifted in the cognitive (認知的) functions are simply more likely to play musical instruments. It would therefore be premature (草率的) to state without any doubt that music makes people smarter. Whatever the truth behind the statement that “music makes us smarter”, it should eventually come second only to the fact that music is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
4．The studies by The Chinese University of Hong Kong show that ______.
A．most parents believe the statement
B．people who take musical training might be happier
C．musical training may result in changes to the brain
D．musical training might improve students’ ability to remember things
5．The word “retention” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______.”
A．practice B．memory C．train D．subject
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．People have different opinions on whether music can make them smarter.
B．A child whose cortex is thicker prefers to take musical training.
C．70 percent of students like playing musical instrument.
D．Students who had taken the test had continued training.
7．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest that people learn a musical instrument.
B．To show that finding pleasure in music is important.
C．To stress that musical training may benefit the brain
D．To remind that musicians are usually smart.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【導語】本文通過一系列研究來對“音樂能讓你更聰明嗎？”這個問題做出了解答。
4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. …Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes.”可知香港中文大學的研究表明音樂訓練可能會提高學生的記憶力。故選D。
5．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.”可知此處講那些繼續(xù)接受音樂訓練的學生，以及最近開始接受音樂訓練的新手，記憶力都有所提高，retention在此處意為“記憶力”。故選B。
6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter.”可知人們對音樂是否能使人更聰明有不同的看法。故選A。
7．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文通過一系列研究來對“音樂能讓你更聰明嗎？”這個問題做出了解答，結(jié)合文中大量研究證明音樂能使人更聰明、記性更好等，可推出作者寫這篇文章是為了強調(diào)音樂訓練對大腦有益。故選C。
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇連云港·二模）It’s important to teach your children good manners. Teaching good manners should begin long before they know how to walk or talk. In life, you have to set a good example for them.
But how do we teach them good manners There is a good book, How to behave and Why. It is written by Munro Leaf. I read it with my first grade students and we love the book. It tells good manners that every child should know. The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.
In daily life, before children are going to school or a friend’s house, tell them the importance of good manners. In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime. And you can have a manner’s competition. It makes learning manners more interesting.
What are good manners for children At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class. And they should say “hello” or “goodbye” to teachers and classmates, and “thank you” when they get help from others. Good table manners are important, too. For example, teach your children not to talk with their mouth full. Tell them that old people should eat first. Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.
In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.
5．From paragraph 1, we know the passage may be written for ________.
A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．students
6．What does the underlined word “comprehend” mean
A．Record. B．Print. C．Buy. D．Understand.
7．Which paragraphs show us examples of teaching children good manners
A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3.
C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5.
8．What does the writer think of children learning good manners
A．Helpful. B．Creative. C．Useless. D．Boring.
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A
【導語】本文主要講述了教育孩子良好禮儀的重要性，以及如何教育孩子良好禮儀的方法和建議。
5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’s important to teach your children good manners... In life, you have to set a good example for them.”可知，作者主要是在向家長們解釋如何教育孩子良好的禮儀，所以這篇文章可能是寫給家長的。故選B。
6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.”可知，這本書的文字不難，還有圖片，這使得這本書容易理解，所以comprehend的意思是“理解”。故選D。
7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime...”及第四段“At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class... Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.”可知，第三、四段給出了教孩子良好禮儀的具體例子。故選C。
8．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.”可知，作者認為教孩子良好的禮儀對他們的日常生活有很大的幫助。故選A。
【真題練】
（2024·江蘇常州·中考真題）My father was busy fixing Belinda’s spaceship all afternoon. In the evening, I went to the landing place. “Dear Father,” I said politely. “Have you found Belinda’s parents yet ”
“Not yet, my dear.” He shook his head.
I felt relaxed. I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.
But Belinda had followed me.
“Not yet ” she shouted. “Why not I’ll send them a message! They’ll listen to me!”
Belinda ran to the radio. She shouted into it so loudly that I had to cover all my four ears. “Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”
“Poor Belinda!” my sister came and said. “Her parents must be missing her.”
“Huh!” I snorted (發(fā)出哼聲). “Missing her You’re joking! Who would want such a bossy kid back They probably lost her on purpose.”
Belinda’s face clouded. I thought she was going to shout again, but she didn’t. Instead, something very strange happened — her eyes began to water!
“Oh, help!” said Roa. “Is she dying ”
I felt terrible. “Don’t die, Belinda! I didn’t mean it.”
Then Belinda opened her mouth wide and shouted, “What if it’s true What if they’ve gone away and left me here forever ”
We were all so busy comforting Belinda that we didn’t notice the soft knock of a ship landing outside. We didn’t see two tall people come out of it until Belinda ran out in excitement.
“Mummy! Daddy!”
Belinda’s parents were even uglier than she was, but they looked polite. “Hello, dear,” the female said. “We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”
We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship. “Goodbye!” shouted Belinda. “Goodbye! Thanks for taking care of our baby girl!” said her father.
None of us answered. We waved (揮手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.
12．What most probably happened before this passage
A．“I” just met Belinda’s parents.
B．Belinda’s parents left Belinda alone on purpose.
C．Belinda got separated from her parents for some reason.
D．There was a fight between “my” father and Belinda’s parents.
13．What was Belinda like in “my” eyes
A．Gentle but careless. B．Careful but unkind. C．Noisy and impolite. D．Brave and sweet.
14．How did Roa and “I” feel when Belinda left
A．Sad. B．Happy. C．Moved. D．Regretful.
15．What type of article is this passage
A．A science fiction. B．A documentary. C．A travel diary. D．A detective story.
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A
【導語】本文講述了作者的父親忙了一下午修理Belinda的飛船，晚上作者去著陸點時她還在尋找父母。最后，她的父母終于出現(xiàn)并帶走了她。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”和“We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”可推知，Belinda因為某種原因和她的父母分開了。故選C。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.”可知，作者認為Belinda的父母比她大聲十倍，專橫十倍；即在作者眼里Belinda吵鬧的，且沒禮貌。故選C。
14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship.”和“We waved (揮手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.”可知，作者和Roa看到Belinda離開時很高興。故選B。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“all my four ears”，“an awful spaceship full of purple people!”和“spaceship”可知，作者有四只耳朵，膚色是紫色，以及Belinda坐飛船出行，由此判斷本文是一篇科幻小說。故選A。
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Auggie’s Story
Sleep
I’d been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn’t come. It was almost two a. m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight (手電筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn’t sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.
When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we’d been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the movie. They didn’t know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It’s so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that’s the worst in your life, but to everybody else it’s just a usual night.
Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.
But something was different. Something had changed.
Home
“So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first ” I asked Mum.
“Whatever you want to talk about,” she answered.
“Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time,” I said. “I feel like they ruined (毀壞) the whole trip for me.”
“No, sweetie. Don’t let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour. Don’t let them take that away from you, okay ”
“I know.” I nodded. “But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”
“There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie,” she said, looking at me. “But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care of each other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids.”
“Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,” I answered. “They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.”
“Sometimes people surprise us,” she said, rubbing the top of my head.
16．Why couldn’t Auggie fall asleep
A．He kept thinking about something. B．He was doing bedtime reading.
C．He was looking for his flashlight. D．He didn’t like his sleeping bag.
17．According to the first part, what was different at the camp
A．The sky. B．Auggie’s face. C．The movie. D．Auggie’s feeling.
18．Auggie was worried that ______.
A．his mum would feel unhappy B．bad guys would always be around
C．he would not have a good trip D．Jack would not be his friend any more
19．What do we know about Miles and Henry
A．They ruined Auggie’s whole trip. B．They took something away from Auggie.
C．They were nice to Auggie this time. D．They were Auggie’s best friends.
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．B 19．C
【導語】本文主要講述了Auggie在參加學校組織的露營時發(fā)生了一些不好的事，他回到家中和媽媽講述了他的經(jīng)歷，媽媽告訴他世界上的好人遠比壞人多。
16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What had happened kept coming back to my mind.”可知，Auggie睡不著是因為他一直在想一些事情。故選A。
17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.”和“But something was different. Something had changed.”可知，天空還是一樣，電影也是一樣，每個人的臉都一樣，Auggie的臉也一樣，但是有些事不一樣了，有些事改變了。由此推知，是Auggie的感覺不一樣了。故選D。
18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”可知，Auggie擔心壞人會一直在身邊。故選B。
19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,’ I answered. ‘They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.’”可推知， 雖然Miles和Henry這一年對Auggie一點都不友好，但是這次露營時對他很好。故選C。
（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）
Summer Day Camp Day Camp is an all-day program. Youth (aged 8-16) can take part when the summer holiday starts. This fun-filled program is about sports, games and other fun activities.
Program information July 2-July 8, 2024 |7 a.m.-6 p.m. Registration (登記) information online: June 20- June 30, 2024
What your children can do at Day Camp: *For children aged 8-12 Paint, dance and play games. For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips. ￥30 per day per child
If you want to apply for the camp, you have to: * Pay in full. * First come, first served.
For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov
9．When will the Day Camp begin
A．On July 2, 2024. B．On June 20, 2024.
C．On July 8, 2024. D．On June 30, 2024.
10．What activity can you take part in if you are 15 years old
A．Painting. B．Playing games.
C．Dancing. D．Playing sports.
11．How can you find more information about the camp according to the passage
A．By visiting the website. B．By reading newspapers.
C．By asking your teachers. D．By making a telephone call.
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．A
【導語】本文是一則暑假夏令營的廣告。
9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“July 2-July 8, 2024”可知，2024年7月2號開始，故選A。
10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips.”可知，15歲的孩子可以參加運動，故選D。
11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov”可知，通過瀏覽網(wǎng)址得知更多信息，故選A。
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）It is generally neither too hot nor too cold in Suzhou. Sometimes summer can be hot and wet. Winter can be a little cold, but not too cold if the wind is not blowing too strongly.
Months Average (平均) Temperature Average Rainfall
January-February 2-10℃ 5-7cm
March 7-13℃ 9-10cm
April-May 12-24℃ 7-9cm
June-August 22-31℃ 19-22cm
September-October 17-28℃ 5-7cm
November-December 5-17℃ 4-5cm
Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind. They show different features during different months. The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (開花) in a different season. The view of this garden changes according to the time of year.
Rain should not be a problem. It shouldn’t stop you from enjoying your stay in Suzhou. Instead, many would say the classical gardens are at their best in rain or heavy fog.
12．What’s the average temperature in Suzhou in March
A．2-10℃. B．7-13℃. C．12-24℃. D．5-17℃.
13．To better explain the design features of the gardens, the writer ________.
A．gives an example B．a(chǎn)sks a question
C．makes a survey D．lists some numbers
14．What’s the best title for the text
A．Gardens in Suzhou. B．Rain in Suzhou.
C．Seasons in Suzhou. D．Weather in Suzhou.
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D
【導語】本文主要介紹了蘇州的天氣以及蘇州園林隨季節(jié)而變化的特點。
12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第三行“March...7-13℃”可知，3月的平均溫度是7至13℃。故選B。
13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind... The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (開花) in a different season.”可知，許多蘇州古典園林的設(shè)計考慮到了季節(jié)的變化，作者以網(wǎng)師園為例，更好地解釋了這一設(shè)計特點。故選A。
14．最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，文中先是介紹了蘇州的天氣情況，然后介紹了蘇州園林隨季節(jié)而變化的特點，因此文章的主題應是“蘇州的天氣”，D項最適合作為標題。故選D。
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside.” Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count.
Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV.
You may say, “I play inside more than outside and I like to play games on the computer.”
If so, it’s likely that you spent more time inside four walls than outside in fresh air. Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. That’s according to a University of Michigan study. Non-moving activities are more popular. The costs “include overweight, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder.
Play is important, even for adults.
Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.”
Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out Having trouble devoting your mind to what you’re doing Too much time indoors — away from the natural world — may be a cause. Louv uses a term to describe the set of problems caused by too much time indoors: nature deficit disorder. He says, “I use it to describe the price we pay for being so separated from nature.”
Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe in fresh air, hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.
So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a video game, consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead.
9．How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play
A．By presenting the results of a recent study.
B．By introducing different kinds of outdoor play.
C．By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case.
D．By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind.
10．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5
A．Outdoor play helps form relationships.
B．Just getting outdoors does wonders.
C．Nature can remind us of life beyond our worries.
D．The outdoors is the best place to practise physical skills.
11．Which word is closest to the meaning of “hone” in Paragraph 6
A．improve B．limit C．produce D．organize
12．Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play
A．Walking from your car into the mall.
B．Spending your quality time with TV drama series.
C．Playing a video game of making sandcastles by the beach.
D．Watching in your local park how fast the clouds are moving.
【答案】9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D
【導語】本文主要介紹了戶外運動的好處。
9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Think about how much time you spent outside last week”可知作者通過讓讀者思考自己在戶外待了多長時間來引出話題。故選C。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Play is important, even for adults”以及“Outdoor activity betters your senses.”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知玩很重要，所以此處引出戶外運動的好處，選項B“只是到戶外就有神奇的效果”符合語境。故選B。
11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. ‘Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses’”可知戶外活動給生活帶來了感官，徒步旅行、探險和釣魚有助于磨練你的所有感官，故此處劃線部分和improve意義相近。故選A。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.”可知大自然就在你的后門外或你當?shù)氐墓珗@里，所以在你當?shù)氐墓珗@里觀察云朵移動的速度有多快，這是享受戶外運動的好方式。故選D。
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）
Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad. We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms. A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to live in China for its culture.
Interested in Chinese classical literature, Canadian artist Brandon Collins-Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of paintings. Often painting throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works. Living alone in the center of Nanchang, he has come a long way since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature.
Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So far, I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (謎語), and dialogues into English, and completed over 1 million words of articles and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies,” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction.
Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan. He has won kung fu championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung fu team. “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture. It is not just a sport but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the world,” he said.
Vincent Cazeneuve, known as Wensen Qi in Chinese, is a French artist devoted to lacquer (漆器) creation. He came to live in Chongqing in 2009. His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of China, and his fans have even collected some of them.
What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people It lies in its richness and openness. Also its cultural background differences make foreigners curious about the lifestyles, way of thinking, and values of the country.
13．What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture
A．He has created many famous Chinese poems.
B．He has decided to move to China with his friends.
C．He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles.
D．He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English.
14．As to Chinese culture, what is Timur Kuvatov interested in
A．Kung fu. B．Paintings. C．Literature. D．Lacquer creation.
15．What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon, Timur and Vincent
A．Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners.
B．The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad.
C．Chinese culture is getting popular around the world.
D．China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live.
16．What can be the best title for the passage
A．New look of traditional Chinese culture
B．Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes
C．Development of Chinese culture in the West
D．Culture differences between the East and West
【答案】13．D 14．A 15．C 16．B
【導語】本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國人對中國文化感興趣。
13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (謎語), and dialogues into English”可知他把曹雪芹的《紅樓夢》中的大部分詩歌、歌曲、燈謎和對話翻譯成了英語。故選D。
14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan”可知他對中國功夫感興趣。故選A。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms”以及“What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people ”并結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知作者描述了這三個人對中國文化的喜愛，說明中國文化現(xiàn)在變得越來越受歡迎。故選C。
16．最佳標題題。本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國人對中國文化感興趣，以選項B“外國人眼中的中國文化魅力”為標題最合適。故選B。
21世紀教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com)

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