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專題13 閱讀理解五大微技能透視及快讀巧解
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
細節理解題 2
詞義猜測題 3
推理判斷題 5
主旨大意題…………………………………………………………………………………….7
篇章結構題…………………………………………………………………………………….8
中考練場 10
【題型解讀】
考查能力：主要考查學生的綜合運用所學英語語言知識的能力，包括細節理解能力、詞義判斷能力、歸納概括能力及邏輯推理能力等。
命題特點：命題通常會關注文章的主旨大意、細節信息、邏輯結構、詞義理解等方面，通過設置不同類型的題目來全面考查學生的閱讀理解能力。
【命題規律】
細節理解題
考查對文中具體信息（時間、地點、人物、事件等）的提取能力，占比約 60%，題干多含who/what/when/where/why/how等疑問詞。
推理判斷題
要求根據上下文邏輯推斷隱含信息（如作者意圖、事件發展趨勢），占比約 20%，常見題干：What can we infer...
詞義猜測題
通過上下文線索推測生詞含義，常考代詞指代或熟詞生義，占比約 10%。
主旨歸納題
需總結文章中心思想或段落大意，常出現在首末段，題干關鍵詞：main idea, purpose, best title。
觀點態度題
識別作者或文中人物的情感傾向（如支持、反對、中立），需關注形容詞、副詞及轉折詞。
【解題技巧】
事實細節題：先看題干，帶著問題讀文章，跳讀查找關鍵信息，對于涉及數字的題目可進行簡單計算，還可結合常識進行推斷。
推理判斷題：吃透文章意思，在理解上下文的基礎上進行合理推斷，不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。
詞義猜測題：通過詞根、詞綴推測生詞含義，也可根據上下文的同義、反義、邏輯關系及常識等來推測。
主旨大意題：注重主題句，各段的首尾句，概括大意，揣摩文章中心，掌握主旨和作者意圖。
一、 細節理解題。【考點詮釋】
細節理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細節進行理解。它們大都是根據文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。
做細節理解題時，不必通篇細看原文，而常常可采取“帶著問題找答案”的方法.先從問題中抓住關鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認和記憶事實或細節，就要恰當地運用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關的段落、語句.仔細品味，對照比較.確定答案。有的細節理解題只要直接辨認不要求讀者對客觀的事實作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息。同時還要求讀者記住重要細節，在必要的時候（做判斷、推斷或結論的時候）能夠準確而迅速地將他們回憶起來。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
........................
But he didn’t stop there. Liam has another project called Legos (樂高) of Love. People send in their old toys, which are then sorted and given to children who are living at homeless shelters.
One thing is certain: This now 12-year-old knows how to pay it forward (讓愛傳播出去). His Lunches of Love is an example of how even something as simple as a sandwich can change the world.
7．How did Liam help the children at homeless shelters
A．By raising money for them. B．By making sandwiches for them.
C．By buying old toys for them. D．By creating a project called Legos of Love.
【示例2】
The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it. “The art is environmentally friendly, and it makes our city lives warmer and more colorful,” said Xia Xin, one of the knitting artists.
34．Why is the art environmentally friendly
A．Because the plane trees were beautifully dressed.
B．Because the art made the city lives more colorful.
C．Because the art made people feel the coming of spring.
D．Because the sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials and will be recycled.
二、 猜測詞義題
【考點詮釋】
閱讀短文時，常常會遇到一些生詞。這時，考生要沉著、冷靜，細心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通過對全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜測出生詞的大意。另外，還可以從含有生詞句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之間的關系來判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含義。猜測生詞的另一種方法是，根據構詞法推測。遇到生詞后，可從構詞法角度分析判斷生詞。例如： inexpensive一詞，其中詞根expensive的含義是“貴的”。前綴in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜測此詞詞義為“不貴的，便宜的”。總之，猜詞題可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根據文中的解釋（2）. 使用逗號、破折號和括號等（3）. 根據同位語或根據同等關系（4）. 根據語義的轉折關系（5）. 根據因果關系（6）. 根據構詞法知識 （7）. 根據常識，上下文邏輯
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
According to a report from Douyin, the number of fitness videos in 2021 increased by 134 percent, while followers of fitness trainers went up by 208 percent compared with the year before. People often search online for simple exercises that are demonstrated by personal trainers. These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more.
41．What does the underlined word “demonstrated” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．To build a dream.
B．To give some advice.
C．To show how something is done.
D．To ask questions about something.
【示例2】
The process is simple. Using an app developed by Lee and his team, restaurants report how much leftover food they have each day, and then volunteers collect the food from these restaurants and deliver(投遞) it to homeless shelters and food kitchens. In the end, the food will be delivered to those in need. Lee believes this is a very good way of delivery.
36．The underlined word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to _________.
A．volunteers B．restaurants C．Lee and his team D．people in need
三、 推斷題
【考點詮釋】
推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內容的內涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。
（1）事實推斷。這種推斷常常針對某一個或幾個具體細節，是比較簡單的推斷。進行這種推斷，要首先在文章中找出據以推斷的有關文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的意思。
（2）指代推斷。確定指代詞的含義和指代對象是閱讀理解題常見的題目。要確定指代詞所指代的對象，關鍵在于對上下文的正確理解。指代名詞的指代詞，其單復數形式應與被指代的詞一致，因此數的形式可作為識別指代對象的第一個輔助標志。
（3）邏輯推斷。這類題目往往是要求根據文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、動作和語言來推斷出人物的態度或感受。
（4）對作者的意圖和態度的推斷。這一類考題大都要求學生就作者對論述對象持什么樣的態度做出推斷，如作者對所陳述的觀點是贊同、反對，還是猶豫不定，對記述或描寫的人、物或事件是贊頌、同情、冷漠，還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感彩不一定直接表述出來，而往往隱含在字里行間。因此，進行這種推斷時，我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞一類的修飾語。總之，只要平時善于積累，并熟練運用上述解題技巧，初中閱讀理解題就將不再是難題。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (實力) as well.
9．What is Mike’s attitude (態度) to Chinese high-speed rail train
A．He looks down upon it. B．He dislikes it.
C．He thinks highly of it. D．He hates it.
【示例2】
One difference on raising children is at what age and to what extent (程度) they are given freedom outside the home. The government and the people of Norway believe that it is better for children to learn to be independent from a very early age. Almost all children are typically sent to daycare at age one in Norway. ________ when it comes to raising independent children. In fact, it would not be uncommon for a Japanese child to walk or ride a bike or take a public bus to school alone or even to shop at a local store without a parent. On the other hand, in Kenya, children stay with their mothers the whole day.
1．Which of the following can be put into ________ in Paragraph 2
A．Japan has totally different ideas
B．Japan also has their own ideas
C．Japan also has similar ideas
D．Japan also has interesting ideas
四、主旨題
【考點詮釋】
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表達文章的主題和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起補充、說明、解釋或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目標，找出文章及段落中的主題句，了解了它們的含義，就可以順著提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的相關信息，從而獲得解決問題的答案。最有效的辦法是找出主題句。主題句一般具有三個特點：
（1）表述的意思通常是總結性的；
（2）句子結構較簡單，多數都不采用長、難句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用來解釋、支撐或發展主題句所表述的主題思想的。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
The day was Thankful Thursday. It’s a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago. We always go out in the world and do charity (慈善) work. Last Thursday, we were going to buy lunch for the beggars (乞丐) in the street. I ordered 15 lunches from McDonald’s (麥當勞) and decided to hand them out.
......................................
.......................................
I don’t know if the woman noticed the tears (淚水) in my eyes. I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference. Yet at that moment, I realized the truth of Mother Teresa’s words: “We cannot do great things—only small things with great love.”
13．What does the article want to tell us
A．It’s difficult to help everyone in need.
B．A small act of kindness means a lot.
C．Each family has its own problems.
【示例2】
“Barbara and I get along so well, ” Golan said. “We have a lot of fun chatting together. I care about her. She's like a new friend.” It might sound crazy hiring a stranger to act as a grandchild. However, these young people are a great help to old people who live alone.
43．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Grandchildren Needed B．More Volunteers Wanted
C．Family Problems Solved D．Papa Advertisement Found
五、篇章結構題
【示例1】
Spatial (空間) learning is an important skill in the animal kingdom. This is because it helps animals find food when it’s not easily available. Insects such as bees and ants are known to do this.
A recent study has found that the butterfly also has ability of spatial learning. This butterfly comes from South and Central America. And it’s known for different types of wing patterns.
In the study, the research team carried out spatial learning experiments on butterflies under three different spatial conditions. First, they tested the insect’s ability to learn the location of real food in a 1-square-meter space made up of 16 fake (假的) flowers. This test represented (代表) searching for food in a single area.
And they tested if the butterflies could learn to connect food with either the left or right side of a 3-square-meter two-armed maze (迷宮), representing many plants at a single place.
The team then increased the distances again. They used large outdoor cages (籠子) to test if the butterflies could learn the location of food in a 60-meter-wide maze. This maze looks like the letter T. This test represented searching for food in the wild. This was closer to the conditions in which the insect finds food in the wild.
The experiments on butterflies show signs of spatial learning-they can remember the spatial location of their food. In the future studies, the team plans to test if they are better at spatial learning than closely-related species (近親物種).
25．What’s the structure (結構) of the passage (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
【示例2】
Where is the world’s best high-speed rail system In China! High-speed railway, which has developed quickly in recent years, has become a famous name card of China.
In the past ten years, China’s high-speed rail network (高速鐵路網) has grown from under 10, 000 kilometers to over 40, 000 kilometers, making it the world’s longest high-speed rail network, long enough to circle the entire equator (整個赤道).
From the old-style green trains to the Fuxing high-speed trains, China’s high-speed railways have developed quickly and brought us closer to our hometown villages. In 2016, the Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway opened to traffic. The distances between nearly 340 traditional villages and high-speed railway stations have been reduced to less than one hour, while most of them were more than three hours away from the stations before the railway opened.
With China’s high-speed trains becoming faster and faster, people can save more travel time. For example, you can leave from Beijing in the morning to take part in a meeting in Shanghai at noon. Then, you can arrive at Hangzhou in the afternoon, enjoying the beauty of the West Lake. In the evening, you can return to Beijing safely.
China’s high-speed railway has already gone to the world. In 2014, An-Yi high-speed rail, the first high-speed railway built by Chinese companies overseas (在海外), was finished and opened to traffic. In 2023, the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, jointly built by China and Indonesia, can cut travel time between the two cities from more than 3 hours to 40 minutes.
China’s high-speed railways cross rivers and mountains, connect home and abroad, and see the changes over time. From nothing, we are a leader in this industry now. As a name card of China, China’s high-speed railway has amazed the world!
30．What is the best structure (結構) for the text
A． B． C． D．
【模擬練】
Passage 1
（2025·江蘇宿遷·一模）
One day in November 1647, Jacob Armitage hurried through the New Forest to the house of Arnwood.
“You must leave this house right away,” he said to Edward Beverley. “Come with me to pack (打包) your things. You must come to my home and stay there.”
“But why ” Edward asked the old man. “Why ”
“The King has escaped (逃走) from the prison at Hampton Court,” Jacob explained. “He’s riding south through the forest, and Cromwell’s soldiers (士兵) are searching for him. And I’ve just heard a group of soldiers in the forest talking about Arnwood. They know that your father was the King’s friend, and they’re planning to burn Arnwood tonight, because they think the King is hiding here.”
“Burn Arnwood! They can’t do that! It’s my house, and I’m staying here!” Edward said angrily. He was fourteen years old, the oldest of the four Beverley children.
The Beverley children lived alone at Arnwood, with an old woman who did the cooking and all the work of the house. Their father, Colonel Beverley, was killed when fighting for King Charles I at Naseby in 1645. Before he left home, he asked Jacob, a poor forester who lived near Arnwood, to look after his family. Jacob knew the family well and was happy to do this. And when the children’s mother died a few months later, Jacob came every day to visit the children and to help them.
“My dear boy,” Jacob said, “remember your sisters and brother. The soldiers will shoot (射擊) them or burn them in the house. No, no, all of you must come with me.”
In the end, Edward agreed. He and his brother Humphrey, who was twelve, packed their things. Then they put them on Jacob’s horse, White Billy, who was waiting outside.
Jacob told Alice, who was eleven, and Edith, who was eight, that they were going to visit his home in the forest. He did not tell them about the soldiers.
“Edward, here is my key,” said Jacob quietly. “Lock the door of the house and take my gun from the wall. Don’t leave your brother and sisters. I’ll help the cook to pack her things, and then I’ll follow you.”
The four children left the big house and went into the forest with White Billy. It was five o’clock in the afternoon, and already dark. Jacob helped the cook, who hurried away to her family in Lymington, and then he hid in the trees near the house, and waited.
After a while, he heard horses and soldiers arrived. Soon, they were in the gardens and all round the house. A few minutes later, Jacob saw black smoke going up into the sky and then he saw flames (火焰) at the windows. ________
“It is done,” thought Jacob, and he hurried away into the forest. Half an hour later, he arrived at his small house. He looked back and saw the flames of Arnwood shooting higher and higher above the trees.
—Adapted from The Children of the New Forest
8．What do we know about Jacob
A．He used to be a friend of the King’s. B．He helped search for the King in the forest.
C．He would try to fight to protect Edward’s father. D．He was a true friend of Edward’s father’s.
9．Which is the correct order of what happened in the story
①Edward lost his father.
②Edward’s house was burnt.
③Colonel asked Jacob to take care of his family.
④Edward went into the forest with his brother and sisters.
A．③①④② B．①②④③ C．①②③④ D．④②③①
10．Which sentence can be put in
A．The house was his! B．Arnwood was burning!
C．Where were the children D．The children found their way out at last.
11．What can we infer from the story
A．Edward’s sisters were unwilling to visit Jacob’s home.
B．Edward would build a new house with a big garden.
C．The King wanted to hide in Edward’s house.
D．Jacob was a kind and helpful man.
Passage 2
（2025·江蘇南通·一模） Welcome to the Dragon Boat Camp
Do you want to try dragon boat racing We have the camp you’re looking for! The Dragon Boat Camp is suitable for students of all levels, aged over 13. A group of experienced coaches will share their best skills with you. After training, you will take part in the dragon boat race on the last day of the camp!
Period: From July 15 to 21.
Location: In Xixi Park, by the Jiulong River.
Cost: ￥400 per person. If you have a group of three or more, each of you can have 10% off.
We will offer you: ☆A welcome party on the evening of July 15. ☆Dragon boat training courses twice a day from July 16 to 19. ☆Daily video analysis (分析). ☆Two camp T-shirts per person.
For a trial class (體驗課): Call Mr. Han at 18250209161. For more information: Visit www..cn or come to the office at No.137, Hepan Road.
16．When will the students take part in the dragon boat race
A．On July 16. B．On July 18. C．On July 21. D．On July 24.
17．Jack, Sam, May and Peter want to join the camp. How much should they pay in total
A．￥1200. B．￥1240. C．￥1400. D．￥1440.
18．After reading the text, it is most probably a ________.
A．notice B．poster C．story D．letter
Passage 3
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）Today, many people use AI tools in daily life. Some find AI helpful, while others think it can be risky. Is AI good for society Two students share their thoughts below.
Robert: Yes!
I think AI is great. It is useful in many fields, such as education and robotics. If we have a question, and our parents don’t know the answer, we can now ask AI. It doesn’t only give us the answer, but can help us solve the problem step by step. This is a great way to learn.
AI can also help us collect and process data, design artworks, and do many other things. For example, AI can study lots of medical information to help doctors diagnose diseases, create personal treatments, and find new medicine. It improves patient care and lowers healthcare costs. It opens up new paths for work and creativity. AI has also given us plenty of useful websites, fun new apps and games.
Mary: No!
AI can answer many questions, but sometimes it makes up incorrect information. It can be hard to tell what is true and what is not.
Some AI bots can create pictures, but they mix pictures from different artists to do this. This is stealing and not cool. Not having enough rules and watchdogs for AI development puts the world at risk.
Besides, students may use AI to cheat (作弊) on their homework. If they keep doing this, they may stop thinking for themselves and depend too much on AI. Thinking for yourself is important, because you need to know how to solve problems. Your brain is like a muscle (肌肉). The more you use it, the stronger it gets.
Training big AI models requires a lot of computing power, which uses a lot of energy and causes pollution.
8．According to Robert, what can’t AI do in the medical field
A．Diagnose diseases. B．Lower healthcare costs.
C．Design treatments for each person. D．Design artworks.
9．Which of the following is one of the reasons that Mary says “no” to AI
A．AI needs lots of computing power and is too expensive. B．AI is not useful in education.
C．AI may lead to lots of dependency on it among people. D．AI is only good for creating pictures.
10．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how AI works. B．To show different ideas on AI.
C．To argue that AI is more harmful than helpful. D．To promote (促進) the use of AI in education.
Passage 4
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）The lion dance is a traditional Chinese performance art with a rich history. It is performed during festivals, celebrations, and important events, such as weddings, business openings and especially Chinese New Year. People believe it brings good luck and keeps away from bad spirits. It creates a festival atmosphere and brings happiness.
Two artists wear a lion costume to perform (表演) the dance. One plays the head and front legs. The other plays the back and hind legs. The pair work together to do many difficult movements during the performance. They need to practice kung fu to do their job well.
The lion dance was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty. No one knows exactly how it started. Some say it had to do with war. One day, an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a fight. It was fierce but didn’t look like a tiger. The emperor wanted eagerly to know what it was. The next day, his advisors told him that this animal was a lion. The emperor thought that it was a gift from heaven.
Then, he asked people to make this animal out of paper, cloth and bamboo. The “lion models” were used in future fights to encourage soldiers (戰士). Later it became a form of art. The lion became a symbol of power, courage, and wisdom in Chinese culture.
The lion dance takes two forms. One is performed in the north and the other in the south. The northern lion looks more real, while the southern lion looks more like a dragon. The northern lion pays more attention to the leg movements, while the southern lion moves head dramatically with the rhythm of drums and gongs (鑼). Both types show the power and wisdom of Chinese culture.
11．Why do the performers of lion dance need to practice kung fu
A．To fight in future wars. B．To perform difficult movements.
C．To scare away bad spirits. D．To create a festival atmosphere and bring happiness.
12．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．To perform the lion dance, three artists are needed to work together.
B．The emperor created the “lion models” to help achieve victory in the war.
C．No one knows when the lion dance was first performed.
D．The northern and the southern lions have different cultural meanings.
13．What can be inferred (推斷) about the emperor’s dream
A．The dream was about a tiger. B．The dream was a sign of bad luck.
C．The dream led to the creation of the lion dance. D．The dream was forgotten by the emperor soon.
14．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The History of Chinese Festivals
B．The Art of Kung Fu in Performances
C．The Lion Dance—a Symbol of Chinese Culture
D．The Differences Between the Northern and Southern Lion Dance
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Personally, there is nothing I love more than asking “stupid” questions, especially the ones that have no right answers. I remember once asking some kids what time it was, at home, in Singapore, and finally on the Moon. After a long silence, finally a shy girl ventured (試探地說) to say that it was “every time” followed by an energetic Einstein who shouted it was “no time”. Both kids shared that week’s Noble Prize because no humans live in that faraway world and time is created by humans.
As a matter of fact, we are all good at asking questions by nature, but sadly as we age, we get used to the world around us and take things for granted. We became more results-oriented (注重結果的) and concentrate our efforts on success. If something is working, don’t fix it or worry about the cause; just relax and go with the mon belief may work well, but that does not mean it is always right. Throughout history, it has been those who have questioned common belief and those who have challenged our common-sense ideas of the world that have been the ones to have brought about major progress in human civilization.
In 500 BC, the ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round because sailors on the sea had noticed that the farther south they went, the more different stars they saw in the sky. Why was the sky changing Nearly 2,000 years later, the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei became interested in this question and ended up demonstrating the “crazy” concept of heliocentrism (日心說), in which the Sun lies at the center of the universe while the Earth circles around it at 30 kilometers per second. But if the Earth is spinning around so quickly, why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet The answer to this question would not be clear for another century.
People like routine, but past performance is no guarantee of future results. While those who challenge common belief tend to be subjected to abuse, the progress of humankind would have otherwise been impossible without these persistent people and their “stupid” questions.
13．What commonly happens to us when we grow older according to the author
A．We focus too much on process.
B．We still refuse to relax and go with the flow.
C．We start to challenge common-sense ideas of the world.
D．We gradually lose the ability to question common belief.
14．What’s the correct order of the following statements
a. The ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round.
b. Galileo Galilei raised the concept of heliocentrism.
c. We know about the concept of gravity.
d. Sailors noticed something special.
A．adcb B．adbc C．dabc D．dacb
15．Who might have solved the question “why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet ”
A．An ancient Greek scientist living in 500 BC．
B．Galileo Galilei living between 1564 and 1642.
C．Isaac Newton living between 1643 and 1727.
D．Albert Einstein living between 1879 and 1955.
16．How does the author develop his writing on the whole
A．By comparison and contrast B．By using supporting examples.
C．By using time and space order. D．By generalization and definition.
【真題練】
（2024·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）I have lived in China for six years, but still think the country is mysterious. So I made up my mind to go on a 3-month cycling journey to discover more.
My cycling journey was very safe in China because I never had a moment in which I felt I was in danger. Wherever I went, there was always phone signal, and even WeChat pay.
The beauty of nature was also fantastic. It simply took my breath away when I cycled on the way. With thick forests, blue lakes and green hills, there was so much to see.
The food was another highlight of my journey. I got to taste local food in every place I went. My favourite was the spicy food in Sichuan. No matter how much I ate, I never got sick of having different Chinese foods. There were so many different choices.
In addition, cycling in China cost less than I thought. I could even save some money during the trip to support a local charity.
The best part was about people. I met people from different ethnic minorities (少數民族) across China and I was even invited to attend a wedding by Tibetan girls. The wedding was amazing, full of dancing, laughter and fun. One time I me t a group of Chinese men who were also travelling, but by motorcycle. They invited me to stay with them in the mountains. We cooked fish that we caught from the lake together. It felt like true freedom from the busy feeling of daily life. Another example was impressive. When I met a group of cyclists in their 60s, they cycled better than me. It really encouraged me to push myself and go farther every day. Also, an experienced cyclist saved me when I got a flat tire (爆胎). He helped fix my tire.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going. I felt like I could do it forever. It was truly an experience I will never forget. If anyone wants to explore in China, I would highly recommend going by bicycle.
1．What does the writer talk about in Paragraph 3
A．Personal safety. B．Different foods. C．Natural beauty. D．Cheap cost.
2．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 6 refers to (指代) “________”.
A．Tibetan girls inviting the writer to a wedding
B．cyclists in their 60s cycling better than the writer
C．a group of Chinese men catching fish with the writer
D．an experienced cyclist helping the writer to fix a flat tire
3．What is the best title for the passage
A．What a Pleasant Picnic! B．What Great People!
C．What an Amazing Journey! D．What a Lucky Day!
（2024·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）It was half past seven on Monday morning: time to get ready for school. Jay Stone rolled out of bed. He did a couple of quick wake-up exercises and then he went over to his mirror (鏡子) and looked at himself.
“Not bad, Stone, not bad,” he said to himself and smiled. Maybe he wasn’t ready for Hollywood, but with his dark brown eyes and his thick brown hair, he had the looks that turned girls’ heads. He moved closer to the mirror and smiled, checking his teeth.
“Perfect,” he thought. “Good enough for a toothpaste ad.”
As his eyes moved down to his strong arms, he smiled again. The hours he spent in the gym and doing sit-ups have paid off.
But suddenly, the smile froze. His eyes moved from the upper part of his body down to his legs. His legs were short. Not just short, but far too short for his body. He had the upper body of a six-footer, but because of his legs he was much less than six feet! Six inches less! Sitting, he was as tall as almost anyone. Standing, he had to look up at most of the boys and even many of the girls.
Why didn’t his legs grow with the rest of his body He was one of the shortest boys in his class. He was the shortest in his own family, he was even shorter than his “little” sister—by three inches! Where did his legs come from
He certainly didn’t get them from his parents. They were both quite tall. Looking through old family photos, he found the answer. It was his grandfather on his mother’s side. His short legs were a gift from Grandpa Tuttle.
Thanks a lot, Grandpa!
Of course, the kids at school all noticed Jay’s short legs and they had a nickname (外號) for him: Stubs! Almost no one called him by his real name; they all called him Stubs. Stubs Stone, Jay didn’t like his nickname, but he had to accept it. He had no choice.
But Jay couldn’t see in the mirror what his legs could do. They were quick and strong. He was the youngest player on the Brewer High football team. He could run faster than anyone else in the team and, like a rabbit, he kept going and going. Even at basketball, where the other players were much taller than him, they were still afraid of him because of his speed.
Jay shook his head. “Stubs, Stubs Stone, the kid with stubby legs. Yeah, that’s me,” he said to himself with a little smile. Suddenly, he heard his mother’s voice.
“Jay! It’s breakfast time!”
4．What did Jay do after he got up on the Monday morning
A．He did some housework. B．He took some family photos.
C．He watched TV for some time. D．He did some wake-up exercises.
5．What can we learn about Jay in paragraphs 2—4
A．He was satisfied with his looks. B．He wanted to be a film actor.
C．He once played a role in an ad. D．He found it useless to do sit-ups.
6．What does the underlined word “froze” probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Spread. B．Stopped. C．Continued. D．Returned.
7．Which of the following best describes Jay
A．Strict and serious. B．Clever and helpful.
C．Funny and confident. D．Patient and hard-working.
8．What does the writer mainly want to tell in the passage
A．Teenagers like to play tricks on each other.
B．Teenagers should have dreams in their hearts.
C．People’s legs usually grow with other body parts.
D．People can turn their weak points into advantages.
（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）
NOTICES
Computer problems An IT engineer will solve problems with computers for free every Monday. Phone “the Computer Doctor” now on 09651 378156.
Sherry, 3 years old, male Lost in Sunshine Central Park on Saturday 15th June $500 for safe return 09651 371822 Do you enjoy making things Come and join us! Make a hat this Sunday (June 23)! Time: 2:00-4:00 p.m. Place: Room 205 Flat A Price for materials: $2 a hat SUNSHINE DIY CLUB
ROBOT RESTAURANTOpens on 29 June Lunch served: 12:30-2:30 p.m. Dinner served: 6:30-9:30 p.m. Starters: Tomato soup/French onion soup/Potato salad/Chicken salad 3$ Snacks (lunchtime only): Cookie/Tomato sandwich 3$ Main courses: German sausage and chips/Italian cheese/Thai chicken and rice 6$ Drinks: Mineral water/Fresh orange juice/English tea/Irish cream coffee 1$ SUNSHINE COMMUNITY CENTER June 17
1．You can find the noticeboard in ________.
A．Sunshine DIY Club B．a community centre
C．Sunshine Central Park D．a computer company
2．If Jack has 10$ for dinner in the robot restaurant, he can order _________.
A．Thai chicken and rice, Tomato soup and Irish cream coffee
B．German sausage and chips, French onion soup and Cookie
C．Tomato sandwich, Italian cheese and Fresh orange juice
D．Chicken salad, Potato salad, Italian cheese and English tea
3．From the noticeboard above, we know that _________.
A．the owner spent 500 $ buying Sherry on Saturday
B．a robot cooks some dishes in the robot restaurant
C．a broken computer can be fixed for free on June 24
D．2$ should be paid to make two hats in the DIY club
（2024·江蘇淮安·中考真題）
Join Us!Different clubs make our school life colorful. Which one would you like to join Volunteer ClubWe are going to visit the old people’s home this Saturday. We will do some cleaning for the old and make dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9:00 a. m. at the school gate. We will take the bus there and return at 4:00 p. m. Call 379516 to join us. Basketball ClubCan you play basketball Do you want to learn different basketball skills Do you want to enjoy exciting matches Our club opens at 4:00 p. m. every Tuesday. Remember to wear sports shoes. Call 543715 if you are interested. Hiking ClubWe are going to the countryside for a hike this Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there. We will come back at 3:30 p. m. Let’s meet at the school gate at 8:00 a. m. Call 592873 if you want to join us. DIY ClubIf you are a DIY lover, come and join us! Here you can make, repair and decorate things yourselves. You’ll have lots of fun here. The club is open from 2:00 p. m. to 5:30 p. m. every Monday. Call 593782 for more information.
4．Amy, a member of Volunteer Club, will get to the old people’s home ________.
A．by bus B．by plane C．by train D．on foot
5．If Tony joins Basketball Club, he can go there __________.
A．at weekends B．every Monday C．every day D．every Tuesday
6．John wants to have a picnic at weekends. He can join __________.
A．Volunteer Club B．Basketball Club C．Hiking Club D．DIY Club
7．You can call __________ to know more about DIY Club.
A．592873 B．543715 C．379516 D．593782
8．Where can you most probably find the poster
A．In a restaurant. B．In a school. C．In a hotel. D．In a supermarket.
（2024·江蘇無錫·中考真題）
A theory of emotion Two scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion.
A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.
The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反應) to a real or imagined threat (威脅)”. They used a theory of emotion (情緒假說) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind.
The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”.
The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.
1．What is the main finding of the new study
A．A new method of venting anger. B．A new method of reducing anger.
C．Good activities to vent anger. D．Good activities to reduce anger.
2．What can we learn about calming activities
A．They can reduce feelings of anger. B．They can increase the heart rate.
C．They are good for mind health. D．They are good for heart health.
3．According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid
A．You get the feeling of fear. B．You get the feeling of calm.
C．Your heart beats fast. D．Your heart beats slowly.
4．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________.
They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings.
A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (電車). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).
The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽車) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands (品牌).
China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (創新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充電站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs.
EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead.
5．How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023
A．8.38 million. B．9.49 million. C．9.58 million. D．8.29 million.
6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To introduce different EV brands in China. B．To give some information about Auto China.
C．To show the development of China’s EV industry. D．To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs.
7．EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ______.
A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government’s support
C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems
8．What’s the writer’s attitude (態度) towards the future of China’s EV industry
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)專題13 閱讀理解五大微技能透視及快讀巧解
目錄
題型綜述 1
解題攻略 2
細節理解題 2
詞義猜測題 3
推理判斷題 5
主旨大意題…………………………………………………………………………………….7
篇章結構題…………………………………………………………………………………….8
中考練場 10
【題型解讀】
考查能力：主要考查學生的綜合運用所學英語語言知識的能力，包括細節理解能力、詞義判斷能力、歸納概括能力及邏輯推理能力等。
命題特點：命題通常會關注文章的主旨大意、細節信息、邏輯結構、詞義理解等方面，通過設置不同類型的題目來全面考查學生的閱讀理解能力。
【命題規律】
細節理解題
考查對文中具體信息（時間、地點、人物、事件等）的提取能力，占比約 60%，題干多含who/what/when/where/why/how等疑問詞。
推理判斷題
要求根據上下文邏輯推斷隱含信息（如作者意圖、事件發展趨勢），占比約 20%，常見題干：What can we infer...
詞義猜測題
通過上下文線索推測生詞含義，常考代詞指代或熟詞生義，占比約 10%。
主旨歸納題
需總結文章中心思想或段落大意，常出現在首末段，題干關鍵詞：main idea, purpose, best title。
觀點態度題
識別作者或文中人物的情感傾向（如支持、反對、中立），需關注形容詞、副詞及轉折詞。
【解題技巧】
事實細節題：先看題干，帶著問題讀文章，跳讀查找關鍵信息，對于涉及數字的題目可進行簡單計算，還可結合常識進行推斷。
推理判斷題：吃透文章意思，在理解上下文的基礎上進行合理推斷，不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。
詞義猜測題：通過詞根、詞綴推測生詞含義，也可根據上下文的同義、反義、邏輯關系及常識等來推測。
主旨大意題：注重主題句，各段的首尾句，概括大意，揣摩文章中心，掌握主旨和作者意圖。
一、 細節理解題。
【考點詮釋】
細節理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細節進行理解。它們大都是根據文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。
做細節理解題時，不必通篇細看原文，而常常可采取“帶著問題找答案”的方法.先從問題中抓住關鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認和記憶事實或細節，就要恰當地運用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關的段落、語句.仔細品味，對照比較.確定答案。有的細節理解題只要直接辨認不要求讀者對客觀的事實作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息。同時還要求讀者記住重要細節，在必要的時候（做判斷、推斷或結論的時候）能夠準確而迅速地將他們回憶起來。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
........................
But he didn’t stop there. Liam has another project called Legos (樂高) of Love. People send in their old toys, which are then sorted and given to children who are living at homeless shelters.
One thing is certain: This now 12-year-old knows how to pay it forward (讓愛傳播出去). His Lunches of Love is an example of how even something as simple as a sandwich can change the world.
7．How did Liam help the children at homeless shelters
A．By raising money for them. B．By making sandwiches for them.
C．By buying old toys for them. D．By creating a project called Legos of Love.
【答案】7．D
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了美國孩子Liam Hannon在暑假做愛心午餐等其它事情，幫助那些饑餓的人們的故事。
7．細節理解題。根據文中“Liam has another project called Legos (樂高) of Love. People send in their old toys, which are then sorted and given to children who are living at homeless shelters.”可知，Liam通過創建一個叫做愛的樂高的項目來幫助那些無家可歸的孩子們。故選D。
【示例2】
The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it. “The art is environmentally friendly, and it makes our city lives warmer and more colorful,” said Xia Xin, one of the knitting artists.
34．Why is the art environmentally friendly
A．Because the plane trees were beautifully dressed.
B．Because the art made the city lives more colorful.
C．Because the art made people feel the coming of spring.
D．Because the sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials and will be recycled.
【答案】D
【導語】本文主要講述了南京外國語學校學生設計了梧桐樹的毛衣，為南京帶來了更多的溫暖。
【解析】細節理解題。根據“The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it.”可知，因為毛衣沒有使用任何化學材料，將被回收利用。故選D。
二、 猜測詞義題
【考點詮釋】
閱讀短文時，常常會遇到一些生詞。這時，考生要沉著、冷靜，細心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通過對全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜測出生詞的大意。另外，還可以從含有生詞句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之間的關系來判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含義。猜測生詞的另一種方法是，根據構詞法推測。遇到生詞后，可從構詞法角度分析判斷生詞。例如： inexpensive一詞，其中詞根expensive的含義是“貴的”。前綴in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜測此詞詞義為“不貴的，便宜的”。總之，猜詞題可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根據文中的解釋（2）. 使用逗號、破折號和括號等（3）. 根據同位語或根據同等關系（4）. 根據語義的轉折關系（5）. 根據因果關系（6）. 根據構詞法知識 （7）. 根據常識，上下文邏輯
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
According to a report from Douyin, the number of fitness videos in 2021 increased by 134 percent, while followers of fitness trainers went up by 208 percent compared with the year before. People often search online for simple exercises that are demonstrated by personal trainers. These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more.
41．What does the underlined word “demonstrated” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．To build a dream.
B．To give some advice.
C．To show how something is done.
D．To ask questions about something.
【答案】C
【導語】 本文主要講述了人們越來越熱衷于網上健身。
【解析】詞義猜測題。根據that引導的定語從句修飾先行詞simple exercises結合后文“These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more.”可知，是培訓師演示的簡單鍛煉，因此demonstrated意為“To show how something is done.”，故選C。
【示例2】
The process is simple. Using an app developed by Lee and his team, restaurants report how much leftover food they have each day, and then volunteers collect the food from these restaurants and deliver(投遞) it to homeless shelters and food kitchens. In the end, the food will be delivered to those in need. Lee believes this is a very good way of delivery.
36．The underlined word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to _________.
A．volunteers B．restaurants C．Lee and his team D．people in need
【答案】36．B
36．詞義猜測題。根據“Using an app developed by Lee and his team, restaurants report how much leftover food they have each day”可知，用這個應用程序，餐廳可以報告每天它們有多少剩下的食物，所以they指代“restaurants”，故選B。
三、 推斷題
【考點詮釋】
推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內容的內涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。
（1）事實推斷。這種推斷常常針對某一個或幾個具體細節，是比較簡單的推斷。進行這種推斷，要首先在文章中找出據以推斷的有關文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的意思。
（2）指代推斷。確定指代詞的含義和指代對象是閱讀理解題常見的題目。要確定指代詞所指代的對象，關鍵在于對上下文的正確理解。指代名詞的指代詞，其單復數形式應與被指代的詞一致，因此數的形式可作為識別指代對象的第一個輔助標志。
（3）邏輯推斷。這類題目往往是要求根據文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、動作和語言來推斷出人物的態度或感受。
（4）對作者的意圖和態度的推斷。這一類考題大都要求學生就作者對論述對象持什么樣的態度做出推斷，如作者對所陳述的觀點是贊同、反對，還是猶豫不定，對記述或描寫的人、物或事件是贊頌、同情、冷漠，還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感彩不一定直接表述出來，而往往隱含在字里行間。因此，進行這種推斷時，我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞一類的修飾語。總之，只要平時善于積累，并熟練運用上述解題技巧，初中閱讀理解題就將不再是難題。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (實力) as well.
9．What is Mike’s attitude (態度) to Chinese high-speed rail train
A．He looks down upon it. B．He dislikes it.
C．He thinks highly of it. D．He hates it.
【答案】 9．C
【分析】作者通過自己從北京到天津出差經歷，高度贊揚了中國先進的高鐵系統。
9．觀點態度題。根據文章最后一段“So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (實力) as well.”可知，在Mike看來，高鐵系統是新中國的標志之一。所以，Mike的觀點是高度贊揚了中國的高鐵。故選C。
【示例2】
One difference on raising children is at what age and to what extent (程度) they are given freedom outside the home. The government and the people of Norway believe that it is better for children to learn to be independent from a very early age. Almost all children are typically sent to daycare at age one in Norway. ________ when it comes to raising independent children. In fact, it would not be uncommon for a Japanese child to walk or ride a bike or take a public bus to school alone or even to shop at a local store without a parent. On the other hand, in Kenya, children stay with their mothers the whole day.
1．Which of the following can be put into ________ in Paragraph 2
A．Japan has totally different ideas
B．Japan also has their own ideas
C．Japan also has similar ideas
D．Japan also has interesting ideas
【答案】C
【導語】本文主要討論了父母在孩子生活中應該扮演的角色以及不同文化對于孩子教育的方式。
【解析】推理判斷題。根據“The government and the people of Norway believe that it is better for children to learn to be independent from a very early age”可知，挪威政府和人民認為，兒童
最好從小就學會獨立。根據“when it comes to raising independent children. In fact, it would not be uncommon for a Japanese child to walk or ride a bike or take a public bus to school alone or even to shop at a local store without a parent.”可知，事實上，日本孩子獨自步行、騎自行車或乘坐公共巴士上學，甚至在沒有父母的情況下在當地商店購物。所以挪威和日本有相似的理念。故選C。
四、主旨題
【考點詮釋】
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表達文章的主題和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起補充、說明、解釋或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目標，找出文章及段落中的主題句，了解了它們的含義，就可以順著提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的相關信息，從而獲得解決問題的答案。最有效的辦法是找出主題句。主題句一般具有三個特點：
（1）表述的意思通常是總結性的；
（2）句子結構較簡單，多數都不采用長、難句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用來解釋、支撐或發展主題句所表述的主題思想的。
【典題舉隅】
【示例1】
The day was Thankful Thursday. It’s a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago. We always go out in the world and do charity (慈善) work. Last Thursday, we were going to buy lunch for the beggars (乞丐) in the street. I ordered 15 lunches from McDonald’s (麥當勞) and decided to hand them out.
......................................
.......................................
I don’t know if the woman noticed the tears (淚水) in my eyes. I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference. Yet at that moment, I realized the truth of Mother Teresa’s words: “We cannot do great things—only small things with great love.”
13．What does the article want to tell us
A．It’s difficult to help everyone in need.
B．A small act of kindness means a lot.
C．Each family has its own problems.
【答案】 13．B
13．主旨大意題。根據“I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference”可知，這篇文章想告訴我們一個小小的善行意味著許多，故選B。
【示例2】
“Barbara and I get along so well, ” Golan said. “We have a lot of fun chatting together. I care about her. She's like a new friend.” It might sound crazy hiring a stranger to act as a grandchild. However, these young people are a great help to old people who live alone.
43．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Grandchildren Needed B．More Volunteers Wanted
C．Family Problems Solved D．Papa Advertisement Found
【答案】43．A
43．最佳標題。根據文章最后一段中“It might sound crazy hiring a stranger to act as a grandchild. However, these young people are a great help to old people who live alone.”可知雇一個陌生人當孫子聽起來可能很瘋狂。然而，這些年輕人對獨居的老人有很大的幫助，故選A。
五、篇章結構題
【示例1】
Spatial (空間) learning is an important skill in the animal kingdom. This is because it helps animals find food when it’s not easily available. Insects such as bees and ants are known to do this.
A recent study has found that the butterfly also has ability of spatial learning. This butterfly comes from South and Central America. And it’s known for different types of wing patterns.
In the study, the research team carried out spatial learning experiments on butterflies under three different spatial conditions. First, they tested the insect’s ability to learn the location of real food in a 1-square-meter space made up of 16 fake (假的) flowers. This test represented (代表) searching for food in a single area.
And they tested if the butterflies could learn to connect food with either the left or right side of a 3-square-meter two-armed maze (迷宮), representing many plants at a single place.
The team then increased the distances again. They used large outdoor cages (籠子) to test if the butterflies could learn the location of food in a 60-meter-wide maze. This maze looks like the letter T. This test represented searching for food in the wild. This was closer to the conditions in which the insect finds food in the wild.
The experiments on butterflies show signs of spatial learning-they can remember the spatial location of their food. In the future studies, the team plans to test if they are better at spatial learning than closely-related species (近親物種).
25．What’s the structure (結構) of the passage (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
【答案】A
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了動物世界里的動物們有著空間學習的能力，科學家也做了實驗來論證這一觀點。
【解析】篇章結構題。通讀全文，第一段介紹了空間學習在動物中的重要性；第二段介紹了來自美洲的蝴蝶也有這樣的技能；第三段至第五段為科學家做的三次實驗；最后一段給出結論，動物可以記住食物的空間位置。因此選項A中的結構符合題意。故選A。
【示例2】
Where is the world’s best high-speed rail system In China! High-speed railway, which has developed quickly in recent years, has become a famous name card of China.
In the past ten years, China’s high-speed rail network (高速鐵路網) has grown from under 10, 000 kilometers to over 40, 000 kilometers, making it the world’s longest high-speed rail network, long enough to circle the entire equator (整個赤道).
From the old-style green trains to the Fuxing high-speed trains, China’s high-speed railways have developed quickly and brought us closer to our hometown villages. In 2016, the Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway opened to traffic. The distances between nearly 340 traditional villages and high-speed railway stations have been reduced to less than one hour, while most of them were more than three hours away from the stations before the railway opened.
With China’s high-speed trains becoming faster and faster, people can save more travel time. For example, you can leave from Beijing in the morning to take part in a meeting in Shanghai at noon. Then, you can arrive at Hangzhou in the afternoon, enjoying the beauty of the West Lake. In the evening, you can return to Beijing safely.
China’s high-speed railway has already gone to the world. In 2014, An-Yi high-speed rail, the first high-speed railway built by Chinese companies overseas (在海外), was finished and opened to traffic. In 2023, the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, jointly built by China and Indonesia, can cut travel time between the two cities from more than 3 hours to 40 minutes.
China’s high-speed railways cross rivers and mountains, connect home and abroad, and see the changes over time. From nothing, we are a leader in this industry now. As a name card of China, China’s high-speed railway has amazed the world!
30．What is the best structure (結構) for the text
A． B． C． D．
【答案】B
【導語】本文主要講述了中國高速鐵路的發展。
【解析】篇章結構題。文章第一段介紹中國高速鐵路近年來發展迅速，已成為中國著名的名片，是點明主題；第二段到第五段分別講述了中國高速鐵路的發展情況；最后一段再次點明主題，強調中國高速鐵路的發展迅速。選項B圖片符合。故選B。
【模擬練】
Passage 1
（2025·江蘇宿遷·一模）
One day in November 1647, Jacob Armitage hurried through the New Forest to the house of Arnwood.
“You must leave this house right away,” he said to Edward Beverley. “Come with me to pack (打包) your things. You must come to my home and stay there.”
“But why ” Edward asked the old man. “Why ”
“The King has escaped (逃走) from the prison at Hampton Court,” Jacob explained. “He’s riding south through the forest, and Cromwell’s soldiers (士兵) are searching for him. And I’ve just heard a group of soldiers in the forest talking about Arnwood. They know that your father was the King’s friend, and they’re planning to burn Arnwood tonight, because they think the King is hiding here.”
“Burn Arnwood! They can’t do that! It’s my house, and I’m staying here!” Edward said angrily. He was fourteen years old, the oldest of the four Beverley children.
The Beverley children lived alone at Arnwood, with an old woman who did the cooking and all the work of the house. Their father, Colonel Beverley, was killed when fighting for King Charles I at Naseby in 1645. Before he left home, he asked Jacob, a poor forester who lived near Arnwood, to look after his family. Jacob knew the family well and was happy to do this. And when the children’s mother died a few months later, Jacob came every day to visit the children and to help them.
“My dear boy,” Jacob said, “remember your sisters and brother. The soldiers will shoot (射擊) them or burn them in the house. No, no, all of you must come with me.”
In the end, Edward agreed. He and his brother Humphrey, who was twelve, packed their things. Then they put them on Jacob’s horse, White Billy, who was waiting outside.
Jacob told Alice, who was eleven, and Edith, who was eight, that they were going to visit his home in the forest. He did not tell them about the soldiers.
“Edward, here is my key,” said Jacob quietly. “Lock the door of the house and take my gun from the wall. Don’t leave your brother and sisters. I’ll help the cook to pack her things, and then I’ll follow you.”
The four children left the big house and went into the forest with White Billy. It was five o’clock in the afternoon, and already dark. Jacob helped the cook, who hurried away to her family in Lymington, and then he hid in the trees near the house, and waited.
After a while, he heard horses and soldiers arrived. Soon, they were in the gardens and all round the house. A few minutes later, Jacob saw black smoke going up into the sky and then he saw flames (火焰) at the windows. ________
“It is done,” thought Jacob, and he hurried away into the forest. Half an hour later, he arrived at his small house. He looked back and saw the flames of Arnwood shooting higher and higher above the trees.
—Adapted from The Children of the New Forest
8．What do we know about Jacob
A．He used to be a friend of the King’s. B．He helped search for the King in the forest.
C．He would try to fight to protect Edward’s father. D．He was a true friend of Edward’s father’s.
9．Which is the correct order of what happened in the story
①Edward lost his father.
②Edward’s house was burnt.
③Colonel asked Jacob to take care of his family.
④Edward went into the forest with his brother and sisters.
A．③①④② B．①②④③ C．①②③④ D．④②③①
10．Which sentence can be put in
A．The house was his! B．Arnwood was burning!
C．Where were the children D．The children found their way out at last.
11．What can we infer from the story
A．Edward’s sisters were unwilling to visit Jacob’s home.
B．Edward would build a new house with a big garden.
C．The King wanted to hide in Edward’s house.
D．Jacob was a kind and helpful man.
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了雅各布幫助愛德華的家人逃離即將被燒毀的家鄉的故事。
8．細節理解題。根據“Before he left home, he asked Jacob, a poor forester who lived near Arnwood, to look after his family. Jacob knew the family well and was happy to do this. And when the children’s mother died a few months later, Jacob came every day to visit the children and to help them.”可知，雅各布受愛德華的父親委托，照顧他的家人，并在危急時刻幫助他們逃離，體現了他對愛德華父親的忠誠和友誼。故選D。
9．細節理解題。根據“Before he left home, he asked Jacob, a poor forester who lived near Arnwood, to look after his family.”可知，③Colonel asked Jacob to take care of his family.是第一個事件。愛德華的父親在離開家之前，委托雅各布照顧他的家人；根據“Their father, Colonel Beverley, was killed when fighting for King Charles I at Naseby in 1645. Before he left home, he asked Jacob, a poor forester who lived near Arnwood, to look after his family.”可知，①Edward lost his father.是第二個事件。愛德華的父親在1645年的納斯比戰役中被殺；根據“You must leave this house right away,”可知，④Edward went into the forest with his brother and sisters.是第三個事件；雅各布通知愛德華和他的兄弟姐妹逃離家園；根據“He looked back and saw the flames of Arnwood shooting higher and higher above the trees.”可知，②Edward’s house was burnt.是第四個事件。阿恩伍德被士兵燒毀。故發生順序為③①④②，故選A。
10．推理判斷題。根據空格前“A few minutes later, Jacob saw black smoke going up into the sky and then he saw flames (火焰) at the windows.”可知，此時阿恩伍德已經開始燃燒了，選項B“阿恩伍德正在燃燒。”符合語境，這句話與前文描述的火焰和黑煙相符，強調阿恩伍德正在被燒毀。故選B。
11．細節理解題。根據“Jacob knew the family well and was happy to do this. And when the children’s mother died a few months later, Jacob came every day to visit the children and to help them.”以及“Come with me to pack (打包) your things. You must come to my home and stay there.”可知，雅各布受愛德華的父親委托，照顧他的家人，并幫助愛德華和他的家人成功逃離，體現了雅各布的善良和樂于助人。故選D。
Passage 2
（2025·江蘇南通·一模） Welcome to the Dragon Boat Camp
Do you want to try dragon boat racing We have the camp you’re looking for! The Dragon Boat Camp is suitable for students of all levels, aged over 13. A group of experienced coaches will share their best skills with you. After training, you will take part in the dragon boat race on the last day of the camp!
Period: From July 15 to 21.
Location: In Xixi Park, by the Jiulong River.
Cost: ￥400 per person. If you have a group of three or more, each of you can have 10% off.
We will offer you: ☆A welcome party on the evening of July 15. ☆Dragon boat training courses twice a day from July 16 to 19. ☆Daily video analysis (分析). ☆Two camp T-shirts per person.
For a trial class (體驗課): Call Mr. Han at 18250209161. For more information: Visit www..cn or come to the office at No.137, Hepan Road.
16．When will the students take part in the dragon boat race
A．On July 16. B．On July 18. C．On July 21. D．On July 24.
17．Jack, Sam, May and Peter want to join the camp. How much should they pay in total
A．￥1200. B．￥1240. C．￥1400. D．￥1440.
18．After reading the text, it is most probably a ________.
A．notice B．poster C．story D．letter
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B
【導語】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了龍舟夏令營的相關信息。
16．細節理解題。根據“After training, you will take part in the dragon boat race on the last day of the camp!”和“Period: From July 15 to 21.”可知，學生可以在最后一天也就是7月21號可以參加龍舟賽。故選C。
17．推理判斷題。根據“Cost: ￥400 per person. If you have a group of three or more, each of you can have 10% off.”可知，費用為每人400元，如果三人及其以上團購，可以打9折，經過簡單計算可知，Jack、Sam、May和Peter 一共4人，每人的費用是400×90%=360元，那么4人總共需要支付360×4=1440元，故選D。
18．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了龍舟夏令營相關信息，則可能是一則海報。故選B。
Passage 3
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）Today, many people use AI tools in daily life. Some find AI helpful, while others think it can be risky. Is AI good for society Two students share their thoughts below.
Robert: Yes!
I think AI is great. It is useful in many fields, such as education and robotics. If we have a question, and our parents don’t know the answer, we can now ask AI. It doesn’t only give us the answer, but can help us solve the problem step by step. This is a great way to learn.
AI can also help us collect and process data, design artworks, and do many other things. For example, AI can study lots of medical information to help doctors diagnose diseases, create personal treatments, and find new medicine. It improves patient care and lowers healthcare costs. It opens up new paths for work and creativity. AI has also given us plenty of useful websites, fun new apps and games.
Mary: No!
AI can answer many questions, but sometimes it makes up incorrect information. It can be hard to tell what is true and what is not.
Some AI bots can create pictures, but they mix pictures from different artists to do this. This is stealing and not cool. Not having enough rules and watchdogs for AI development puts the world at risk.
Besides, students may use AI to cheat (作弊) on their homework. If they keep doing this, they may stop thinking for themselves and depend too much on AI. Thinking for yourself is important, because you need to know how to solve problems. Your brain is like a muscle (肌肉). The more you use it, the stronger it gets.
Training big AI models requires a lot of computing power, which uses a lot of energy and causes pollution.
8．According to Robert, what can’t AI do in the medical field
A．Diagnose diseases. B．Lower healthcare costs.
C．Design treatments for each person. D．Design artworks.
9．Which of the following is one of the reasons that Mary says “no” to AI
A．AI needs lots of computing power and is too expensive. B．AI is not useful in education.
C．AI may lead to lots of dependency on it among people. D．AI is only good for creating pictures.
10．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how AI works. B．To show different ideas on AI.
C．To argue that AI is more harmful than helpful. D．To promote (促進) the use of AI in education.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．B
【導語】本文主要介紹了人工智能以及人們對人工智能的不同看法。
8．細節理解題。根據“AI can study lots of medical information to help doctors diagnose diseases, create personal treatments, and find new medicine. It improves patient care and lowers healthcare costs.”可知，根據Robert所說，人工智能在醫療領域能夠診斷疾病、降低醫療成本、為每個人設計治療方案。故選D。
9．細節理解題。根據“If they keep doing this, they may stop thinking for themselves and depend too much on AI.”可知，人工智能可能會導致人們對它的大量依賴，是Mary對人工智能說“不”的原因之一。故選C。
10．主旨大意題。根據“Some find AI helpful, while others think it can be risky.”和下文內容可知，本文介紹了人們對人工智能的不同看法。故選B。
Passage 4
（2025·江蘇常州·一模）The lion dance is a traditional Chinese performance art with a rich history. It is performed during festivals, celebrations, and important events, such as weddings, business openings and especially Chinese New Year. People believe it brings good luck and keeps away from bad spirits. It creates a festival atmosphere and brings happiness.
Two artists wear a lion costume to perform (表演) the dance. One plays the head and front legs. The other plays the back and hind legs. The pair work together to do many difficult movements during the performance. They need to practice kung fu to do their job well.
The lion dance was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty. No one knows exactly how it started. Some say it had to do with war. One day, an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a fight. It was fierce but didn’t look like a tiger. The emperor wanted eagerly to know what it was. The next day, his advisors told him that this animal was a lion. The emperor thought that it was a gift from heaven.
Then, he asked people to make this animal out of paper, cloth and bamboo. The “lion models” were used in future fights to encourage soldiers (戰士). Later it became a form of art. The lion became a symbol of power, courage, and wisdom in Chinese culture.
The lion dance takes two forms. One is performed in the north and the other in the south. The northern lion looks more real, while the southern lion looks more like a dragon. The northern lion pays more attention to the leg movements, while the southern lion moves head dramatically with the rhythm of drums and gongs (鑼). Both types show the power and wisdom of Chinese culture.
11．Why do the performers of lion dance need to practice kung fu
A．To fight in future wars. B．To perform difficult movements.
C．To scare away bad spirits. D．To create a festival atmosphere and bring happiness.
12．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．To perform the lion dance, three artists are needed to work together.
B．The emperor created the “lion models” to help achieve victory in the war.
C．No one knows when the lion dance was first performed.
D．The northern and the southern lions have different cultural meanings.
13．What can be inferred (推斷) about the emperor’s dream
A．The dream was about a tiger. B．The dream was a sign of bad luck.
C．The dream led to the creation of the lion dance. D．The dream was forgotten by the emperor soon.
14．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The History of Chinese Festivals
B．The Art of Kung Fu in Performances
C．The Lion Dance—a Symbol of Chinese Culture
D．The Differences Between the Northern and Southern Lion Dance
【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國傳統表演藝術——舞獅的歷史、表演形式和文化意義。
11．細節理解題。根據文章第二段“The pair work together to do many difficult movements during the performance. They need to practice kung fu to do their job well.”可知，舞獅表演者練習功夫是為了完成高難度動作。故選B。
12．細節理解題。根據文章第三段“The emperor asked people to make this animal out of paper, cloth and bamboo. The ‘lion models’ were used in future fights to encourage soldiers.”可知，皇帝制作獅子模型是為了幫助戰爭勝利。故選B。
13．推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“The emperor dreamed of a strange animal... The next day, his advisors told him it was a lion... The emperor asked people to make this animal... Later it became a form of art.”可推斷，皇帝的夢促成了舞獅的誕生。故選C。
14．最佳標題題。全文圍繞舞獅的歷史、表演形式和文化象征展開，重點強調其作為中國文化符號的意義。選項C“The Lion Dance—a Symbol of Chinese Culture”最能概括全文主旨。故選C。
Passage 5
（2024·江蘇揚州·二模）Personally, there is nothing I love more than asking “stupid” questions, especially the ones that have no right answers. I remember once asking some kids what time it was, at home, in Singapore, and finally on the Moon. After a long silence, finally a shy girl ventured (試探地說) to say that it was “every time” followed by an energetic Einstein who shouted it was “no time”. Both kids shared that week’s Noble Prize because no humans live in that faraway world and time is created by humans.
As a matter of fact, we are all good at asking questions by nature, but sadly as we age, we get used to the world around us and take things for granted. We became more results-oriented (注重結果的) and concentrate our efforts on success. If something is working, don’t fix it or worry about the cause; just relax and go with the mon belief may work well, but that does not mean it is always right. Throughout history, it has been those who have questioned common belief and those who have challenged our common-sense ideas of the world that have been the ones to have brought about major progress in human civilization.
In 500 BC, the ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round because sailors on the sea had noticed that the farther south they went, the more different stars they saw in the sky. Why was the sky changing Nearly 2,000 years later, the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei became interested in this question and ended up demonstrating the “crazy” concept of heliocentrism (日心說), in which the Sun lies at the center of the universe while the Earth circles around it at 30 kilometers per second. But if the Earth is spinning around so quickly, why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet The answer to this question would not be clear for another century.
People like routine, but past performance is no guarantee of future results. While those who challenge common belief tend to be subjected to abuse, the progress of humankind would have otherwise been impossible without these persistent people and their “stupid” questions.
13．What commonly happens to us when we grow older according to the author
A．We focus too much on process.
B．We still refuse to relax and go with the flow.
C．We start to challenge common-sense ideas of the world.
D．We gradually lose the ability to question common belief.
14．What’s the correct order of the following statements
a. The ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round.
b. Galileo Galilei raised the concept of heliocentrism.
c. We know about the concept of gravity.
d. Sailors noticed something special.
A．adcb B．adbc C．dabc D．dacb
15．Who might have solved the question “why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet ”
A．An ancient Greek scientist living in 500 BC．
B．Galileo Galilei living between 1564 and 1642.
C．Isaac Newton living between 1643 and 1727.
D．Albert Einstein living between 1879 and 1955.
16．How does the author develop his writing on the whole
A．By comparison and contrast B．By using supporting examples.
C．By using time and space order. D．By generalization and definition.
【答案】13．D 14．C 15．C 16．B
【導語】 本文是議論文，主要談論了提出“愚蠢”問題的重要性。盡管那些挑戰普遍看法的人往往會遭受不好的待遇，但如果沒有這些人和他們的“愚蠢”問題，人類也就不可能進步了。
13．推理判斷題。根據“As a matter of fact, we are all good at asking questions by nature, but sadly as we age, we get used to the world around us and take things for granted.”以及“Common belief may work well, but that does not mean it is always right.”可知，這里提到隨著年齡的增長，我們習慣了周圍的世界，把一切都視為理所當然，因此推知我們逐漸失去了質疑共同信念的能力。故選D。
14．細節理解題。根據“In 500 BC, the ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round because sailors on the sea had noticed that the farther south they went, the more different stars they saw in the sky. ”可知，水手們注意到了一些特別的事情，因此希臘人想知道地球是不是圓的；根據“Nearly 2,000 years later, the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei became interested in this question and ended up demonstrating the ‘crazy’ concept of heliocentrism (日心說),”可知，伽利略提出了“日心說”；根據“But if the Earth is spinning around so quickly, why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet The answer to this question would not be clear for another century.”可知，后來人們知道了重力，因此選項C中的順序是正確的。故選C。
15．推理判斷題。根據“In 500 BC, the ancient Greeks wondered whether the Earth was round…the more different stars they saw in the sky.”；“Nearly 2,000 years later, the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei… and ended up demonstrating the ‘crazy’ concept of heliocentrism (日心說),”可知，伽利略在公元1500年左右提出“日心說”；根據“But if the Earth is spinning around so quickly, why aren’t we being thrown off of the surface of the planet The answer to this question would not be clear for another century.”可知，對于為什么我們沒有被甩出地球表面這個問題，是在伽利略提出“日心說”一個世紀后，即公元1600多年才弄清楚的，由此推知，生于1643年至1727年的艾薩克·牛頓可能是解決這個問題的人。故選C。
16．細節理解題。根據“Throughout history…that have been the ones to have brought about major progress in human civilization.”；在第三段中“In 500 BC, the ancient Greeks…the more different stars they saw in the sky.”以及“the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei became interested in this question and ended up demonstrating the ‘crazy’ concept of heliocentrism (日心說),”通過例舉古希臘人和意大利天文學家伽利略·伽利菜來說明正是質疑引領了人類文明的重大進步，由此可知作者是通過列舉支撐例證的方式來展開寫作的。故選B。
【真題練】
（2024·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）I have lived in China for six years, but still think the country is mysterious. So I made up my mind to go on a 3-month cycling journey to discover more.
My cycling journey was very safe in China because I never had a moment in which I felt I was in danger. Wherever I went, there was always phone signal, and even WeChat pay.
The beauty of nature was also fantastic. It simply took my breath away when I cycled on the way. With thick forests, blue lakes and green hills, there was so much to see.
The food was another highlight of my journey. I got to taste local food in every place I went. My favourite was the spicy food in Sichuan. No matter how much I ate, I never got sick of having different Chinese foods. There were so many different choices.
In addition, cycling in China cost less than I thought. I could even save some money during the trip to support a local charity.
The best part was about people. I met people from different ethnic minorities (少數民族) across China and I was even invited to attend a wedding by Tibetan girls. The wedding was amazing, full of dancing, laughter and fun. One time I me t a group of Chinese men who were also travelling, but by motorcycle. They invited me to stay with them in the mountains. We cooked fish that we caught from the lake together. It felt like true freedom from the busy feeling of daily life. Another example was impressive. When I met a group of cyclists in their 60s, they cycled better than me. It really encouraged me to push myself and go farther every day. Also, an experienced cyclist saved me when I got a flat tire (爆胎). He helped fix my tire.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going. I felt like I could do it forever. It was truly an experience I will never forget. If anyone wants to explore in China, I would highly recommend going by bicycle.
1．What does the writer talk about in Paragraph 3
A．Personal safety. B．Different foods. C．Natural beauty. D．Cheap cost.
2．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 6 refers to (指代) “________”.
A．Tibetan girls inviting the writer to a wedding
B．cyclists in their 60s cycling better than the writer
C．a group of Chinese men catching fish with the writer
D．an experienced cyclist helping the writer to fix a flat tire
3．What is the best title for the passage
A．What a Pleasant Picnic! B．What Great People!
C．What an Amazing Journey! D．What a Lucky Day!
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C
【導語】本文講述了作者在中國進行為期三個月的騎行之旅，體驗了中國的自然美景、美食和熱情好客的人們。
1．細節理解題。根據“The beauty of nature was also fantastic. It simply took my breath away when I cycled on the way. With thick forests, blue lakes and green hills, there was so much to see.”可知，第三段談論的是自然美景。故選C。
2．詞句猜測題。根據“Another example was impressive. When I met a group of cyclists in their 60s, they cycled better than me. It really encouraged me to push myself and go farther every day.”可知，當作者遇到一群60多歲的騎行者時，他們騎得比作者好。劃線詞“It”指的是“60多歲的騎行者騎得比作者好”這件事。故選B。
3．最佳標題題。根據全文內容可知，本文講述了作者在中國進行為期三個月的騎行之旅，體驗了中國的自然美景、美食和熱情好客的人們。以選項C“多么驚人的旅程！”為標題最合適。故選C。
（2024·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）It was half past seven on Monday morning: time to get ready for school. Jay Stone rolled out of bed. He did a couple of quick wake-up exercises and then he went over to his mirror (鏡子) and looked at himself.
“Not bad, Stone, not bad,” he said to himself and smiled. Maybe he wasn’t ready for Hollywood, but with his dark brown eyes and his thick brown hair, he had the looks that turned girls’ heads. He moved closer to the mirror and smiled, checking his teeth.
“Perfect,” he thought. “Good enough for a toothpaste ad.”
As his eyes moved down to his strong arms, he smiled again. The hours he spent in the gym and doing sit-ups have paid off.
But suddenly, the smile froze. His eyes moved from the upper part of his body down to his legs. His legs were short. Not just short, but far too short for his body. He had the upper body of a six-footer, but because of his legs he was much less than six feet! Six inches less! Sitting, he was as tall as almost anyone. Standing, he had to look up at most of the boys and even many of the girls.
Why didn’t his legs grow with the rest of his body He was one of the shortest boys in his class. He was the shortest in his own family, he was even shorter than his “little” sister—by three inches! Where did his legs come from
He certainly didn’t get them from his parents. They were both quite tall. Looking through old family photos, he found the answer. It was his grandfather on his mother’s side. His short legs were a gift from Grandpa Tuttle.
Thanks a lot, Grandpa!
Of course, the kids at school all noticed Jay’s short legs and they had a nickname (外號) for him: Stubs! Almost no one called him by his real name; they all called him Stubs. Stubs Stone, Jay didn’t like his nickname, but he had to accept it. He had no choice.
But Jay couldn’t see in the mirror what his legs could do. They were quick and strong. He was the youngest player on the Brewer High football team. He could run faster than anyone else in the team and, like a rabbit, he kept going and going. Even at basketball, where the other players were much taller than him, they were still afraid of him because of his speed.
Jay shook his head. “Stubs, Stubs Stone, the kid with stubby legs. Yeah, that’s me,” he said to himself with a little smile. Suddenly, he heard his mother’s voice.
“Jay! It’s breakfast time!”
4．What did Jay do after he got up on the Monday morning
A．He did some housework. B．He took some family photos.
C．He watched TV for some time. D．He did some wake-up exercises.
5．What can we learn about Jay in paragraphs 2—4
A．He was satisfied with his looks. B．He wanted to be a film actor.
C．He once played a role in an ad. D．He found it useless to do sit-ups.
6．What does the underlined word “froze” probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Spread. B．Stopped. C．Continued. D．Returned.
7．Which of the following best describes Jay
A．Strict and serious. B．Clever and helpful.
C．Funny and confident. D．Patient and hard-working.
8．What does the writer mainly want to tell in the passage
A．Teenagers like to play tricks on each other.
B．Teenagers should have dreams in their hearts.
C．People’s legs usually grow with other body parts.
D．People can turn their weak points into advantages.
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D
【導語】本文講述了Jay Stone對自己外貌的看法以及他如何利用自己的短腿優勢在運動中取得成功的故事。
4．細節理解題。根據“He did a couple of quick wake-up exercises and then he went over to his mirror (鏡子) and looked at himself.”可知，他起床后做了一些喚醒鍛煉。故選D。
5．細節理解題。根據“Maybe he wasn’t ready for Hollywood, but with his dark brown eyes and his thick brown hair, he had the looks that turned girls’ heads.”及“‘Perfect,’ he thought. ‘Good enough for a toothpaste ad.’”可知，他認為自己的外貌能夠吸引女孩的眼球，并且是很完美的，足夠做牙膏廣告了，因此可知他很滿意自己的外貌。故選A。
6．詞義猜測題。根據“But suddenly, the smile froze. His eyes moved from the upper part of his body down to his legs. His legs were short.”可知，他看到了自己的短腿，因此笑容突然停止了，劃線單詞表示“停止”。故選B。
7．推理判斷題。根據“Maybe he wasn’t ready for Hollywood, but with his dark brown eyes and his thick brown hair, he had the looks that turned girls’ heads.”及“‘Perfect,’ he thought. ‘Good enough for a toothpaste ad.’”可知，他對自己的外貌很滿意，說明他是自信的；根據“Jay shook his head. ‘Stubs, Stubs Stone, the kid with stubby legs. Yeah, that’s me,’ he said to himself with a little smile.”可知，他自言自語說自己就是這個短腿的孩子，說明他是有趣的。故選C。
8．主旨大意題。根據“But Jay couldn’t see in the mirror what his legs could do. They were quick and strong.”及全文可知，本文主要講述了Jay Stone把自己的短腿這一劣勢變成了優勢的故事，從而告訴人們可以把自己劣勢變成優勢。故選D。
（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）
NOTICES
Computer problems An IT engineer will solve problems with computers for free every Monday. Phone “the Computer Doctor” now on 09651 378156.
Sherry, 3 years old, male Lost in Sunshine Central Park on Saturday 15th June $500 for safe return 09651 371822 Do you enjoy making things Come and join us! Make a hat this Sunday (June 23)! Time: 2:00-4:00 p.m. Place: Room 205 Flat A Price for materials: $2 a hat SUNSHINE DIY CLUB
ROBOT RESTAURANTOpens on 29 June Lunch served: 12:30-2:30 p.m. Dinner served: 6:30-9:30 p.m. Starters: Tomato soup/French onion soup/Potato salad/Chicken salad 3$ Snacks (lunchtime only): Cookie/Tomato sandwich 3$ Main courses: German sausage and chips/Italian cheese/Thai chicken and rice 6$ Drinks: Mineral water/Fresh orange juice/English tea/Irish cream coffee 1$ SUNSHINE COMMUNITY CENTER June 17
1．You can find the noticeboard in ________.
A．Sunshine DIY Club B．a community centre
C．Sunshine Central Park D．a computer company
2．If Jack has 10$ for dinner in the robot restaurant, he can order _________.
A．Thai chicken and rice, Tomato soup and Irish cream coffee
B．German sausage and chips, French onion soup and Cookie
C．Tomato sandwich, Italian cheese and Fresh orange juice
D．Chicken salad, Potato salad, Italian cheese and English tea
3．From the noticeboard above, we know that _________.
A．the owner spent 500 $ buying Sherry on Saturday
B．a robot cooks some dishes in the robot restaurant
C．a broken computer can be fixed for free on June 24
D．2$ should be paid to make two hats in the DIY club
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C
【導語】本文主要介紹了布告欄上的幾個布告。
1．細節理解題。根據“SUNSHINE COMMUNITY CENTER”可知可以在社區中心看到。故選B。
2．推理判斷題。根據“Thai chicken and rice 6$...Tomato soup 3$...Irish cream coffee 1$”可知他花了10美元，所以他可能點了泰國雞肉飯、番茄湯和愛爾蘭奶油咖啡；選項C中的食物價格也是10美元，但是西紅柿三明治只有午飯提供，故排除。故選A。
3．推理判斷題。根據“An IT engineer will solve problems with computers for free every Monday”以及“on Saturday 15th June”可知6月15號是周六，每周一，一名IT工程師將免費解決電腦問題，可推知6月24號一名IT工程師將免費解決電腦問題。故選C。
（2024·江蘇淮安·中考真題）
Join Us!Different clubs make our school life colorful. Which one would you like to join Volunteer ClubWe are going to visit the old people’s home this Saturday. We will do some cleaning for the old and make dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9:00 a. m. at the school gate. We will take the bus there and return at 4:00 p. m. Call 379516 to join us. Basketball ClubCan you play basketball Do you want to learn different basketball skills Do you want to enjoy exciting matches Our club opens at 4:00 p. m. every Tuesday. Remember to wear sports shoes. Call 543715 if you are interested. Hiking ClubWe are going to the countryside for a hike this Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there. We will come back at 3:30 p. m. Let’s meet at the school gate at 8:00 a. m. Call 592873 if you want to join us. DIY ClubIf you are a DIY lover, come and join us! Here you can make, repair and decorate things yourselves. You’ll have lots of fun here. The club is open from 2:00 p. m. to 5:30 p. m. every Monday. Call 593782 for more information.
4．Amy, a member of Volunteer Club, will get to the old people’s home ________.
A．by bus B．by plane C．by train D．on foot
5．If Tony joins Basketball Club, he can go there __________.
A．at weekends B．every Monday C．every day D．every Tuesday
6．John wants to have a picnic at weekends. He can join __________.
A．Volunteer Club B．Basketball Club C．Hiking Club D．DIY Club
7．You can call __________ to know more about DIY Club.
A．592873 B．543715 C．379516 D．593782
8．Where can you most probably find the poster
A．In a restaurant. B．In a school. C．In a hotel. D．In a supermarket.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B
【導語】本文主要介紹了幾個俱樂部。
4．細節理解題。根據“We will take the bus there and return at 4:00 p. m”可知他們要坐公交車去。故選A。
5．細節理解題。根據“Our club opens at 4:00 p. m. every Tuesday”可知每周二去籃球俱樂部。故選D。
6．細節理解題。根據“Hiking Club We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there”可知如果想野餐，可以參加徒步旅行俱樂部。故選C。
7．細節理解題。根據“Call 593782 for more information.”可知可以打電話593782了解更多關于DIY俱樂部的信息。故選D。
8．推理判斷題。根據“Let’s meet at 9:00 a. m. at the school gate”以及“Let’s meet at the school gate at 8:00 a. m.”可知文章可能出現在學校。故選B。
（2024·江蘇無錫·中考真題）
A theory of emotion Two scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion.
A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.
The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反應) to a real or imagined threat (威脅)”. They used a theory of emotion (情緒假說) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind.
The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”.
The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.
1．What is the main finding of the new study
A．A new method of venting anger. B．A new method of reducing anger.
C．Good activities to vent anger. D．Good activities to reduce anger.
2．What can we learn about calming activities
A．They can reduce feelings of anger. B．They can increase the heart rate.
C．They are good for mind health. D．They are good for heart health.
3．According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid
A．You get the feeling of fear. B．You get the feeling of calm.
C．Your heart beats fast. D．Your heart beats slowly.
4．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________.
They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings.
A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了關于情緒的兩因素理論，以及一項新的研究發現，即減少憤怒感覺的關鍵不是發泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平靜的活動。
1．細節理解題。根據第一段“A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.”可知，新的研究發現，減少憤怒感覺的關鍵不是發泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平靜的活動，故這項新的研究主要發現了一些可以減少憤怒的好的活動。故選D。
2．細節理解題。根據第三段“However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga.”可知，那些能夠減少身體反應的活動，即深呼吸、冥想和瑜伽等平靜的活動有助于減少憤怒感覺。故選A。
3．推理判斷題。根據“For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out.”可知，文章指出，當我們看到一只熊時，我們的身體可能會做出反應，比如心跳得很快，出汗。故可知當我們看到一條蛇并感到害怕時，我們心跳也會加快。故選C。
4．推理判斷題。根據第四段“However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.”可知，團隊發現一些增加心率的活動，如球類運動和團隊運動，可能會減少憤怒。這表明有趣的活動有助于減少負面情緒。故這句話可以放在第四自然段的結尾。故選D。
（2024·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (電車). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).
The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽車) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands (品牌).
China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (創新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充電站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs.
EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead.
5．How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023
A．8.38 million. B．9.49 million. C．9.58 million. D．8.29 million.
6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To introduce different EV brands in China. B．To give some information about Auto China.
C．To show the development of China’s EV industry. D．To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs.
7．EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ______.
A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government’s support
C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems
8．What’s the writer’s attitude (態度) towards the future of China’s EV industry
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
【答案】5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國在電動汽車行業的發展以及面臨的機遇和挑戰。
5．細節理解題。根據“According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).”可知，2023年中國制造的電動汽車銷量為949萬輛，其中包括出口120萬輛，故在國內銷售了829萬輛。故選D。
6．段落大意題。根據“At Auto (汽車) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show”可知，2004年的汽車展上只有一家展示電動汽車的品牌，但是到了2024年有了多家品牌，文章第二段的內容表明了中國電車行業的發展。故選C。
7．推理判斷題。根據“EV makers without the ability of innovation (創新) will face growing risks”可知，沒有創新能力的電動汽車制造商將面臨越來越大的風險，故可知電動汽車制造商可以通過提高創新能力來降低風險。故選A。
8．觀點態度題。根據最后一段“EVs are the way of the future…It is very likely that China will hold the lead.”可知，作者認為電動汽車行業大有可為，且中國在未來會居于領先地位，故可知作者對中國電動汽車行業的未來是充滿希望的。故選B。
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