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中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺
北京中考英語寫作必背詞匯和句型
一、必背核心詞匯
1. 人物品質與性格
積極品質：
hardworking（勤奮的）→ 近義：diligent
例：My teacher is hardworking and always prepares lessons carefully.
responsible（負責的）→ 名詞：responsibility
例：He is responsible for organizing the class activities.
generous（慷慨的）、helpful（樂于助人的）、patient（耐心的）、creative（有創造力的）。
性格特征：
outgoing（外向的）→ 反義：shy / introverted
optimistic（樂觀的）→ 反義：pessimistic
confident（自信的）→ 名詞：confidence
例：Keeping a positive attitude makes you more confident.
2. 情感與情緒表達
基礎情感：
delighted（高興的）= extremely happy
worried（擔憂的）= anxious
embarrassed（尷尬的）、proud（自豪的）、lonely（孤獨的）。
高級表達：
thrilled（極度興奮的）= very excited
例：I was thrilled to win the first prize in the competition.
disappointed（失望的）→ 搭配：be disappointed with / in sth.
例：He was disappointed with his exam results.
3. 學習與校園生活
學習行為：
review（復習）= go over → 例：Reviewing notes before exams is necessary.
preview（預習）、concentrate（專注）= focus
solve（解決）→ 搭配：solve problems / difficulties
校園活動：
participate in（參加）= take part in
compete in（參與競爭）→ 名詞：competition
organize（組織）→ 名詞：organization
graduate from（畢業于）→ 例：I will graduate from junior high school next year.
4. 環境與社會生活
環境描述：
polluted（污染的）→ 動詞：pollute；名詞：pollution
crowded（擁擠的）、peaceful（寧靜的）、modern（現代的）。
社會行為：
protect（保護）→ 搭配：protect the environment
volunteer（志愿）→ 名詞：volunteer；短語：volunteer to do sth.
例：We volunteered to clean up the park last weekend.
recycle（回收）、save（節約）→ save water / energy
5. 動作與事件
高頻動詞：
achieve（實現）→ 搭配：achieve dreams / goals
improve（提高）→ 搭配：improve English / skills
suggest（建議）→ 用法：suggest doing sth. / suggest that + 虛擬語氣
例：I suggest taking a break after studying for hours.
事件描述：
hold（舉辦）→ 過去式：held；例：Our school will hold a sports meeting next month.
cancel（取消）、postpone（推遲）、attend（參加）。
二、必背經典句型
1. 提建議與表達觀點
基礎建議：
Why not do sth. = Why don’t you do sth.
例：Why not join a reading club to improve your literacy
It’s adj. (for sb.) to do sth.
例：It’s important for us to protect the environment.
高級表達：
I strongly suggest that + 句子（虛擬語氣：should + 動詞原形）
例：I strongly suggest that we should plant more trees in our city.
From my point of view, … = In my opinion, …
例：From my point of view, teamwork is the key to success.
2. 原因與結果
基礎結構：
Because + 句子, … 或 … because + 句子
例：I like reading because it can broaden my horizons.
so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 句子
例：He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him.
高級結構：
The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子（…的原因是…）
例：The reason why I love English is that it connects me with the world.
As a result, …（結果……）= Therefore, …
例：He worked hard. As a result, he got good grades.
3. 比較與對比
原級比較：
A + be + as + 形容詞原級 + as + B（A和B一樣…）
例：My school is as beautiful as a garden.
比較級：
A + be + 形容詞比較級 + than + B（A比B更…）
例：Taking exercise is more important than staying at home all day.
The + 比較級, the + 比較級（越…，越…）
例：The more you practice, the better your English will be.
最高級：
A + be + the + 形容詞最高級 + (名詞) + in/of…
例：The Great Wall is the most famous landmark in China.
4. 時間與條件狀語從句
when / while引導的時間狀語：
例：When I got home, my mother was cooking dinner.
例：While she was reading, her brother was playing games.
if引導的條件狀語：
If + 一般現在時, 主句用一般將來時（主將從現）
例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
5. 被動語態
結構：be + 過去分詞
例：Many trees are planted every year to protect the environment.
例：The sports meeting was held successfully last week.
6. There be句型
結構：There be + 主語 + 地點/時間狀語
例：There will be a talent show in our school next Friday.
例：There are many interesting books in our school library.
7. 賓語從句
結構：主句 + that/if/whether + 從句（陳述句語序）
例：I believe that I can achieve my dream through hard work.
例：She asked if we would go to the museum tomorrow.
三、高分加分表達
1. 開頭句型
引出主題：
Recently, … has become a hot topic.（最近，…成為熱門話題。）
As we all know, … plays an important role in our life.（眾所周知，…在生活中很重要。）
2. 結尾句型
總結觀點：
In a word, …（總而言之，…）
From what has been discussed above, we can conclude that…（綜上所述，我們可以得出…）
展望未來：
I hope that … will become better and better.（我希望…會越來越好。）
Let’s work together to make … come true.（讓我們共同努力實現…）
3. 連接詞（邏輯過渡）
并列/遞進：and, also, besides, what’s more, in addition
轉折：but, however, although, even though
舉例：for example, such as, take…as an example
順序：firstly, secondly, finally, at last
四、寫作模板套用（示例）
話題：環保建議
開頭：As we all know, environmental protection is becoming more and more important.
中間：
First, we should save water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth.
Second, it’s necessary to recycle waste paper and plastic bottles.
Third, taking public transportation instead of driving cars can reduce air pollution.
結尾：In a word, every small action counts. Let’s work together to make our city cleaner.
使用建議：
1. 每天背誦5-10個核心詞匯，結合例句記憶用法。
2. 每種句型仿寫2-3個句子，確保熟練運用。
3. 考前用模板練習3-5篇真題，強化邏輯和銜接。
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