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【贏在中考】2025年中考英語題型解讀與技巧點撥學案
專題四 閱讀理解B篇
B篇是考查學生能力的短文，一般為說明性的短文(科普文)。2024年B篇是一篇科普說明文，長難句、各種從句、句中句增多，這對考生的語法和理解能力提出了更高的要求。B篇閱讀理解有2~3小題有些難度，可能會涉及文章的標題(title)、主題(main idea)、結論(conclusion)、結局(end)、詞義猜測、代詞指代等有關問題；在做題時需要仔細推敲，結合上下文，經過推理、篩選最終才能得出結論，選出正確的答案。值得注意的是，2024年廣東中考真題著重考查了學生的思維能力，如第56小題的內容還原題，考查學生深度理解文本能力，需對文段內容整體感知與理解，方能做出正確的選擇。還有，第57小題考查跨學科知識，需學生結合物理學科的聲波知識、數學的坐標知識等，才能選出正確的答案。
2022年~2024年廣東中考英語“閱讀理解B篇”一覽表
年份 主題 素材 體現的課標要求和學科核心素養
2024 人與自然(子主題：熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生) 科學研究——通過聽雞的叫聲來判斷它是高興還是悲傷 文體：說明文 思維品質 科學思維
2023 人與自然(子主題：熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生) 動物的方向感 文體：說明文 思維品質 科學思維
2022 人與自我(子主題：豐富、充實、積極向上的生活) 世界著名的登山運動員杰瑞的故事 文體：記敘文 思維品質 科學思維
1. 先讀題干，劃關鍵詞
快速瀏覽題目，圈出人名、地名、數字、時間、專有名詞等定位詞。明確題目問什么（如
價格、時間、目的、建議等）。
速讀文章，把握結構
B篇多為分欄、小標題或條目式文本，重點讀：
標題/副標題
首段或每段首句（總述）
（3） 圖表、加粗/斜體字、項目符號
3. 定位信息，對比選項
（1）根據題干關鍵詞快速掃描文章對應位置，逐句比對。
（2）注意同義替換（如題干"free"=文章"no charge"）。
4.排除干擾項
（1）絕對化選項（如"must"/"never"）常為錯誤答案。
（2）與原文矛盾或未提及的選項直接排除。
5.錯誤選項特征
無中生有（原文未出現的信息）
張冠李戴（混淆不同對象的信息）
偷換概念（如把"recommend"改為"must"）
（2024年廣東中考B篇）
People know animals do have feelings，but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood.In recent years，scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas.　▲　 It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.(第56題答題線索)
The researchers put a bowl behind a door.Inside the bowl，sometimes，there was something chickens love to eat，such as rice or insects.Sometimes，there was nothing.When the chickens saw food behind the door，they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds，known as food calls.When there wasn’t food，the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.(第57題答題線索)
Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises.Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food.The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.(第58題答題線索)Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not， and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of
chickens.Hopefully，this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising，a big industry in many countries.Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’feelings.This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
56.Which of the following can be put in “　▲　”in Paragraph 1？(新題型，內容還原題)
A.Humans may not like animals.
B.Scientists know nothing about it.
C.Nobody knows why this happens.
D.A new study adds chickens to the list.
57.Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken？(新題型，跨學科綜合題)
A B C D
58.How did the volunteers help with the research？(細節理解題)
A.By listening to the chicken calls.
B.By taking care of the chickens.
C.By finding food for the chickens.　
D.By making the chickens happy.
59.What does the underlined word “identify”mean in Paragraph 4？(詞義猜測題)
A.Control.　　　　 B.Hide. C.Recognize.　　　 D.Hurt.
60.What is the best title for the passage？(最佳標題題)
A.Chickens’ Food Calls　　　　　　　　　　
B.Happy Chickens，Sad Chickens
C.Farmers’ Best Choice　　　　　　　　　　
D.Smart Farmers， Healthy Farmers
【真題在線】
（1）
（2021·廣東·中考真題）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供應). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇護所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities.
Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
1．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________.
A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious
C．the population is large D．the research is interesting
2．Laura’s project first got food from ________.
A．her school dining hall B．her family
C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter
3．People in other cities would like Laura to ________.
A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities
C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers
4．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________.
A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions
5．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project
C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project
（2）
（2022·廣東·中考真題）Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探險）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（樣本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（極端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
2．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
3．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists.C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
4．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
（3）
（2023·廣東·中考真題）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁場), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
1．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A storybook. B．An art magazine.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
2．How can a certain kind of ants find their way
A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps.
C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest.
3．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling.
4．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph
A．To help animals. B．To travel at night.
C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell
C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
【限時訓練】
（1）
A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress. However, stepping into the learning zone can help to bring out the best in us. Here are the reasons.
Challenging yourself can help you be at your best
Stepping outside one’s comfort zone is important for personal development. How can we expect to make ourselves better is we only stick to the routine We should try something we might not succeed in.
Taking risks is what helps us grow
As children, we’re natural risk-taskers. But as we get older and learn to fear failure, we start trying fewer new things. We pay a heavy price for our fear of failure. There is no learning without any difficulties.
Facing new challenges can help us grow better
Our comfort zone seems to become smaller as we get older—but if we can keep expanding (擴大) it, we’ll open ourselves up to a greater world as we grow. As we step into the learning zone, we will get more comfortable with the skills gradually and we’ll start to move into the comfort zone. A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.
However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law” It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone.
1．What is a comfort zone
A．A place with high stress. B．A situation with the least stress.
C．A learning environment. D．A dangerous area.
2．According to the text, what helps keep our brain sharp
A．Staying in the comfort zone. B．Avoiding challenges.
C．Learning new life skills. D．Reducing stress.
3．What happens if stress becomes too high
A．Performance increases. B．Learning becomes easier.
C．Performance goes down. D．Challenges become simpler.
4．Which of the following picture can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”
A． B．
C． D．
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A comfort zone makes us safe B．What is a comfort zone
C．Step outside a comfort zone D．Never fear a comfort zone
（2）
Sports were a big part of my life as I grew up. When the weather was nice, I would be outside playing sports with my friends.
From about 5 to 13 years old, I spent most of my spare time playing in the playground. However, throughout all my years before high school, I never played football in any formal team. My junior high school didn’t have a football team, and I never tried out to play for any of the town teams. After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, “Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ” I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, “What is it like to be part of a team ” So, I decided to have a try.
My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.
I proudly look back on this time of my life. I succeeded, and I overcame the fear of uncertainty. In the end, I loved playing football in senior high school, made some lifelong friends along the way, and kept good health.
1．When did the writer join a football team
A．Before he went to school. B．When he was in senior high school.
C．When he was in junior high school. D．After he graduated from senior high school.
2．What does the underlined phrase “shrugged off” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Tried out. B．Agreed with. C．Laughed at. D．Paid no attention to.
3．How did the writer feel on his first day in the school football team at first
A．Excited. B．Comfortable. C．Nervous. D．Bored.
4．What do the writer’s experiences in the football team tell us
A．Think before you act. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Everything’s hard in the beginning. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
10．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Importance of Sports in Life B．My Experience in a Football Team
C．How to Overcome Fear in Sports D．My Love for Sports
（3）
Nowadays many people go camping. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驅蟲劑) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接觸) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
________
Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep minimum noises and do not disturb the plants or animals.
1．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire
C．wait for the rain D．put up their tent
2．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents.
C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
3．Which of the following can be put in the ________
A．Park rules B．Green camping
C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
4．What does the underlined word “minimum” mean in Chinese
A．lowest B．highest C．biggest D．shortest
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To call on more people to take up camping.
B．To remind people to follow the rules of camping.
C．To offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping.
D．To introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping.
（4）
In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (兩會) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (浙江省政協委員會，簡稱CPPCC).
The suggestion was about making home care services beter for the elderly in Zhejiang. The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. “At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it,” Ma said.
So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.
They found many problems with the recent home care services. One big one was that there were not enough services for the elderly. Another problem was that services didn’t meet personal needs. Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.
Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (數據庫), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.
They finally won the first prize in 2024 Hangzhou primary and junior high school student model CPPCC．
“I learned to be organized and work with others. I also saw how consultative democracy (協商民主) works and felt its power,” Ma said.
1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs
A．All the students in from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were surprised at the proposal.
B．Chen Limin thinks highly of the proposal from Ma Zhenhan and his team.
C．There are only five members in model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
D．Chen Limin became a leader of CPPCC of Zhejiang Province in January.
2．Which of the following is the problem that the seniors face in Zhenjiang province
A．Some old people didn’t use any smart products before.
B．Some old people didn’t know where to get haircut.
C．Some old people didn’t get help from next door.
D．Some old people couldn’t find the ways to have fun activities.
3．Which is the correct time order of these events
a. Their proposal was presented to the Zhejiang Provincial Two Sessions.
b .The students did surveys, interviewed elderly people, and collected 1,000 replies.
c. With some officials’ help, they came up with some ideas to solve the problems.
d. Ma Zhenhan joined the model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
e. The students noticed elderly people needed help but don’t know the ways to get it.
A．e-c-b-d-a B．d-e-b-c-a C．d-e-c-b-a D．a-c-d-b-c
4．How many ways did the students think of to solve the senior care problems at home
A．More than three. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.
5．In what part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage
A．Travel. B．Sport. C．Society. D．Environment.
（5）
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors
According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Science, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (類胡蘿卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青苷). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied many different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find it grows in many places around the world. Blue or purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The fruit tends to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.
Animals also have an influence on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red green color-blind. Most yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.
1．What fruits are mentioned in the passage
A．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green pears.
B．Red apples, yellow bananas, blueberries and green melons.
C．Red apples, yellow lemons, strawberries and green melons.
D．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green melons.
2．Which one shows the relationship between the distance of the fruit to the equator(x) and its color(y)
A．B．C． D．
3．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Beauty. B．Structure. C．Development. D．Environment.
4．From the passage, we know______.
A．only a few fruit colors are found now B．carotenoid is blue or purple
C．red fruit just grow in warm places D．some fruit develops colors to attract animals
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Why fruit grows in different places
B．Why fruit has lots of different colors
C．Why colors of fruit are related to animals
D．Why colors of fruit are related to the climate
（6）
In recent years, more and more people are interested in electric vehicles. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油發動機).
Electric vehicles have many advantages. First, they are more environmentally friendly. They produce less pollution than gasoline-powered vehicles. Second, they are more energy-efficient. They can convert (轉換) more of the energy from the battery into movement than gasoline engines. Third, they are quieter. The electric motor makes much less noise than a gasoline engine.
However, electric vehicles also have some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range. Most electric vehicles can only travel about 100-300 kilometers on a single charge (充電). Another disadvantage is the long charging time. It can take several hours to fully charge an electric vehicle, while it only takes a few minutes to fill up a gasoline-powered vehicle.
Despite these disadvantages, the development of electric vehicles is still very promising. With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter. In the future, electric vehicles may become the mainstream(主流) of the automotive industry.
1．What is an electric vehicle
A．A vehicle that uses a gasoline engine.
B．A vehicle that uses an electric motor.
C．A vehicle that uses both an electric motor and a gasoline engine.
D．A vehicle that uses neither an electric motor nor a gasoline engine.
2．How many advantages of electric vehicles are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What is one of the main disadvantages of electric vehicles
A．They are more environmentally friendly. B．They are more energy-efficient.
C．They are quieter. D．The limited driving range.
4．Why is the development of electric vehicles still promising
A．Because they are more expensive.
B．Because they produce more pollution.
C．Because the driving range is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter with the improvement of battery technology.
D．Because they are more difficult to drive.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Advantages of Electric Vehicles B．The Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
C．Electric Vehicles: Advantages and Disadvantages D．The Future of Electric Vehicles
（7）
In a busy city, it’s hard to find a time to really enjoy life. Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District. It has become a popular place which combines technology and relaxation.
There is a humanoid robot (仿真機器人) here. People love it and call it “Iron Egg”. The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence. It can make and change different coffee flavors easily. “I am good at making coffee in four steps.” the robot shares as it begins its work.
From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes. The coffee it makes gives people an unforgettable feeling. While people wait for the coffee powder to bloom in hot water, the robot tells them why coffee is bitter at first. This makes people interested in the art of coffee making.
In spring, people can relax with a cup of coffee, a good book, and the nice smell of ink and coffee beans. It’s a special feeling, better than usual.
Peng Shenman is the manager of the coffee bar. He shared about the creative start of Mars Coffee. Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means “Cold Lake” in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.
Peng said, “I know there are over 1,000 parks in Shenzhen. Some parks have AI coffee machines. But our coffee bar is special because it’s the only one with a humanoid robot.”
1．Where is Mars Coffee located
A．Near the entrance of Minghu Park B．In the centre of Guangming district
C．In the Lenghu Town in Qinghai D．In the Gobi Desert
2．What does the underlined-word “cutting-edge” mean
A．Sharp and dangerous. B．Modern and the newest.
C．Simple and boring. D．Outdated and unpopular.
3．What can the humanoid robot “Iron Egg” do
A．It can only make one flavor of coffee.
B．It can tell people stories while making coffee.
C．It can make sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of tastes.
D．It can make coffee without grinding coffee beans.
4．Why is the coffee bar named “Mars Coffee”
A．Because the coffee beans are from Mars.
B．Because the coffee bar is set up on Mars.
C．Because the coffee bar manager likes Mars.
D．Because it’s related to a place which looks like Mars.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．It promotes the sale of coffee in a busy city.
B．It describes a coffee shop that combines technology and relaxation.
C．It explains the scientific process of coffee-making by a robot.
D．It introduces the best and most advanced coffee shop in Shenzhen.
（8）
Which animal has the largest ears You might think it’s the elephant, and you’d be kind of right.
As the largest living land animal, the African elephant does have the biggest ears of any living animal, according to Mary Holden, an expert at the American Museum of Natural History. But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night. They lives in the deserts of China and they live on insects.
The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (長度) of its body. Why such big ears “We believe that large ears have to do with warmer environments,” Mary said. “And if you look at African and Asian elephants, African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”
That’s the same as the long-eared jerboa. Its ears are large and thin, and they have many tiny blood vessels (血管). While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly.
Large ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in hot and dry environment. More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily. That’s why it can survive in the desert.
1．What does the underline word nocturnal in paragraph 2 mean
A．Lazy. B．Small. C．Smart. D．Night.
2．Which of the following animal is the long-eared jerboa
A．B． C． D．
3．Why do African elephants have larger ears than Asian elephants
A．Because they live on insects and plants. B．Because they live in hotter and drier places.
C．Because they have many tiny blood vessels. D．Because they need bigger ears to keep warm.
4．How do big ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in the desert
① By leading it to find food. ② By helping it cool off quickly.
③ By helping it save energy. ④ By keeping it away from danger.
A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Different kinds of elephants in the world. B．An expert’s research on African elephants.
C．The animal with the largest ears in the world.D．Reasons that animals can survive in the desert.
(9)
We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.
One way climate change has an effect on mental health is through natural disasters. Events like floods and wildfires are becoming more common because of climate change. These disasters can destroy (破壞) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.
Another way climate change influences mental health is through “eco anxiety”. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up. They worry about whether there will be enough clean water, food, or safe places to live.
Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm. Keep in touch with nature and spend more time in green space. People use that as a way to deal with stress. Social connection is a really good way as well. We are not only connected to the world around us, but also to one another.
Climate change is not just an environmental problem. It also influences how people feel and think. By understanding this, we can take better care of our planet and ourselves.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By stating a fact.
2．What can climate change cause through natural disasters
A．Serious floods. B．Dangerous wildfires.
C．Long term worries. D．Beautiful communities.
3．Why do many young people go through “eco anxiety”
A．Because they cause the climate change.
B．Because they worry about the future of the planet.
C．Because they enjoy talking about the weather.
D．Because they don’t care about the environment.
4．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Harmful. B．Difficult. C．Important. D．Common.
5．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Stop Climate Change B．Climate Change and Our Minds
C．Facts About Weather Change D．Ways to Solve Mental Problems
(10)
Humans love to give things names. We name our children, our pets and sometimes even our cars. But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones. Research has suggested that elephants, just like us, use names to call each other.
Elephants communicate using sounds. Besides their famous trumpeting noise, they also use a kind of low sounds that humans can’t hear. The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. They used machine learning to study the noises they heard and identified 469 special elephant “calls”.
The leader of the research said that elephants have specific calls for each other. They respond when a call is addressed to them and pay little attention to the call for others. The researchers also found that elephants don’t always use names when communicating with each other. They do it more often when they are far apart and when adults are talking to young elephants. Adults are found to use names more often than the young. It suggests that name-calling may be a skill that has to be learned over time.
The researchers tested the findings by playing elephant calls to a small group of the animals. In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names. This provides evidence to show that elephants can recognize their names.
The study opens a door into how elephants’ mind works. If we can know how they communicate, we may be able to communicate with them more directly and live with them better.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By mentioning a study.
C．By asking a question. D．By describing a problem.
2．Where do researchers record the elephant sounds
A．In Africa. B．In America. C．In Europe. D．In Asia.
3．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are born with the ability to use names.
B．They seldom answer the call for other elephants.
C．They prefer to use names when they get together.
D．Young elephants use names more often than adults.
4．What does the underlined word evidence in paragraph 4 possibly mean
A．Advice. B．Safety. C．Support. D．Service.
5．What is the main idea of the article
A．Elephants can communicate with humans.
B．Elephants have a good memory.
C．Elephants are disappearing at a fast speed.
D．Elephants call each other by name./ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
【贏在中考】2025年中考英語題型解讀與技巧點撥學案
專題四 閱讀理解B篇
B篇是考查學生能力的短文，一般為說明性的短文(科普文)。2024年B篇是一篇科普說明文，長難句、各種從句、句中句增多，這對考生的語法和理解能力提出了更高的要求。B篇閱讀理解有2~3小題有些難度，可能會涉及文章的標題(title)、主題(main idea)、結論(conclusion)、結局(end)、詞義猜測、代詞指代等有關問題；在做題時需要仔細推敲，結合上下文，經過推理、篩選最終才能得出結論，選出正確的答案。值得注意的是，2024年廣東中考真題著重考查了學生的思維能力，如第56小題的內容還原題，考查學生深度理解文本能力，需對文段內容整體感知與理解，方能做出正確的選擇。還有，第57小題考查跨學科知識，需學生結合物理學科的聲波知識、數學的坐標知識等，才能選出正確的答案。
2022年~2024年廣東中考英語“閱讀理解B篇”一覽表
年份 主題 素材 體現的課標要求和學科核心素養
2024 人與自然(子主題：熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生) 科學研究——通過聽雞的叫聲來判斷它是高興還是悲傷 文體：說明文 思維品質 科學思維
2023 人與自然(子主題：熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生) 動物的方向感 文體：說明文 思維品質 科學思維
2022 人與自我(子主題：豐富、充實、積極向上的生活) 世界著名的登山運動員杰瑞的故事 文體：記敘文 思維品質 科學思維
1. 先讀題干，劃關鍵詞
快速瀏覽題目，圈出人名、地名、數字、時間、專有名詞等定位詞。明確題目問什么（如
價格、時間、目的、建議等）。
速讀文章，把握結構
B篇多為分欄、小標題或條目式文本，重點讀：
標題/副標題
首段或每段首句（總述）
（3） 圖表、加粗/斜體字、項目符號
3. 定位信息，對比選項
（1）根據題干關鍵詞快速掃描文章對應位置，逐句比對。
（2）注意同義替換（如題干"free"=文章"no charge"）。
4.排除干擾項
（1）絕對化選項（如"must"/"never"）常為錯誤答案。
（2）與原文矛盾或未提及的選項直接排除。
5.錯誤選項特征
無中生有（原文未出現的信息）
張冠李戴（混淆不同對象的信息）
偷換概念（如把"recommend"改為"must"）
（2024年廣東中考B篇）
People know animals do have feelings，but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood.In recent years，scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas.　▲　 It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.(第56題答題線索)
The researchers put a bowl behind a door.Inside the bowl，sometimes，there was something chickens love to eat，such as rice or insects.Sometimes，there was nothing.When the chickens saw food behind the door，they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds，known as food calls.When there wasn’t food，the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.(第57題答題線索)
Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises.Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food.The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.(第58題答題線索)Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not， and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of
chickens.Hopefully，this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising，a big industry in many countries.Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’feelings.This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
56.Which of the following can be put in “　▲　”in Paragraph 1？(新題型，內容還原題)
A.Humans may not like animals.
B.Scientists know nothing about it.
C.Nobody knows why this happens.
D.A new study adds chickens to the list.
【答案詳解】本文介紹了一個有關雞叫聲的研究，研究結果表明人類可以通過聽雞的叫聲來判斷它是高興還是悲傷的。
56.D　內容還原題。根據“In recent years， scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas.… It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊貓，空后提到雞，選項D “一項新的研究將雞加入了這個名單” 符合語境，故選D。
57.Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken？(新題型，跨學科綜合題)
A B C D
【答案詳解】D　跨學科綜合題。根據“When the chickens saw food behind the door， they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds…”可知，當雞看到門后有食物時，它們似乎很高興，并發出快速而響亮的聲音。結合物理聲波的常識可知，當雞發出快速而響亮的聲音時，其聲音的頻率高(波長小)且振幅大，故選D。
58.How did the volunteers help with the research？(細節理解題)
A.By listening to the chicken calls.
B.By taking care of the chickens.
C.By finding food for the chickens.　
D.By making the chickens happy.
【答案詳解】A　細節理解題。根據“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，這些錄音播放給194名志愿者聽，所以志愿者們是通過聽雞叫聲來幫助這項研究，故選A。
59.What does the underlined word “identify”mean in Paragraph 4？(詞義猜測題)
A.Control.　　　　 B.Hide. C.Recognize.　　　 D.Hurt.
【答案詳解】C　詞義猜測題。根據文意可知，一些科學家已經在研究一種可以識別雞的情感的智能計算機程序。recognize意為“辨認，識別”符合文意，故選C。
60.What is the best title for the passage？(最佳標題題)
A.Chickens’ Food Calls　　　　　　　　　　
B.Happy Chickens，Sad Chickens
C.Farmers’ Best Choice　　　　　　　　　　
D.Smart Farmers， Healthy Farmers
【答案詳解】B　最佳標題題。本文介紹一項研究，結果表明人類可以通過聽雞的叫聲來判斷它是高興還是悲傷的，選項B “快樂的雞，悲傷的雞” 符合主題，故選B。
【真題在線】
（1）
（2021·廣東·中考真題）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供應). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇護所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities.
Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
1．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________.
A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious
C．the population is large D．the research is interesting
2．Laura’s project first got food from ________.
A．her school dining hall B．her family
C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter
3．People in other cities would like Laura to ________.
A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities
C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers
4．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________.
A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions
5．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project
C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project
（2）
（2022·廣東·中考真題）Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探險）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（樣本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（極端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
2．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
3．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists.C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
4．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
（3）
（2023·廣東·中考真題）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁場), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
1．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A storybook. B．An art magazine.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
2．How can a certain kind of ants find their way
A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps.
C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest.
3．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling.
4．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph
A．To help animals. B．To travel at night.
C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell
C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
參考答案
（1）
【導語】食物浪費是當今社會一個很大的問題，Laura開發了一個應用可以幫助解決這個問題。
1．推理判斷題。根據“According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供應). ”可知每年有1300億磅的食物的食物被浪費，這些數字向我們展示了食物浪費的嚴重。故選B。
2．細節理解題。根據“Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. ”可知Laura的項目最是從學校食堂開始。故選A。
3．細節理解題。根據“It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities.”可知其他城市的人也希望Laura幫他們開發這樣的軟件。故選D。
4．詞義推斷題。根據“They think such food may not be clean enough. ”可知一些人認為食物沒那么干凈，所以擔心食物的安全。故選C。
5．最佳標題。根據“Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.”可知本文介紹的這個項目，可以幫助減少食物浪費，做到食物分享，B選項“一個食物分享項目”符合。故選B。
（2）
【導語】本文介紹杰里是世界著名的登山運動員，他想把自己的冒險變成對世界有幫助的事情，他和團隊幫助科學家們了解了植物如何在極端條件下生存，在冒險的同時做了更偉大的事。
1．段落大意題。分析第一段內容可知，本段主要介紹杰里的一些成就，故選B。
2．詞句猜測題。根據“Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled.”以及“Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”可知，雖然杰里已經獲得了巨大的成功，但是他沒有感到滿足，此處fulfilled的意思是“滿足，滿意”，故選A。
3．細節理解題。根據“He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.”可知，他組建了一支頂級探險團隊，為科學家們收集樣本。故選B。
4．細節理解題。根據“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way.”可知，這樣的冒險讓我們以不同的方式看待生活。故選C。
5．最佳標題題。本文主要介紹杰里是世界著名的登山運動員，他想把自己的冒險變成對世界有幫助的事情，他和團隊幫助科學家們了解了植物如何在極端條件下生存，在冒險的同時做了更偉大的事，選項D“冒險變成了更偉大的事情”符合主題，故選D。
（3）
【導語】本文介紹了動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感。
1．推理判斷題。本文是圍繞“動物的方向感”展開，可以在科學雜志上看到。故選D。
2．細節理解題。根據“A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost.”可知一些螞蟻可以通過數步數來避免迷路。故選B。
3．詞句猜測題。根據“It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知科學家還沒有答案，因此可推知劃線部分“mystery”與A選項“秘密”意思相近。故選A。
4．細節理解題。根據“However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.”可知本段說明人類的一個小舉動可能對動物意義重大，因此是建議人們要幫助動物。故選A。
5．最佳標題題。本文介紹了動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感，“動物的方向感”為最佳標題。故填C。
【限時訓練】
（1）
A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress. However, stepping into the learning zone can help to bring out the best in us. Here are the reasons.
Challenging yourself can help you be at your best
Stepping outside one’s comfort zone is important for personal development. How can we expect to make ourselves better is we only stick to the routine We should try something we might not succeed in.
Taking risks is what helps us grow
As children, we’re natural risk-taskers. But as we get older and learn to fear failure, we start trying fewer new things. We pay a heavy price for our fear of failure. There is no learning without any difficulties.
Facing new challenges can help us grow better
Our comfort zone seems to become smaller as we get older—but if we can keep expanding (擴大) it, we’ll open ourselves up to a greater world as we grow. As we step into the learning zone, we will get more comfortable with the skills gradually and we’ll start to move into the comfort zone. A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.
However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law” It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone.
1．What is a comfort zone
A．A place with high stress. B．A situation with the least stress.
C．A learning environment. D．A dangerous area.
2．According to the text, what helps keep our brain sharp
A．Staying in the comfort zone. B．Avoiding challenges.
C．Learning new life skills. D．Reducing stress.
3．What happens if stress becomes too high
A．Performance increases. B．Learning becomes easier.
C．Performance goes down. D．Challenges become simpler.
4．Which of the following picture can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”
A． B．
C． D．
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A comfort zone makes us safe B．What is a comfort zone
C．Step outside a comfort zone D．Never fear a comfort zone
（2）
Sports were a big part of my life as I grew up. When the weather was nice, I would be outside playing sports with my friends.
From about 5 to 13 years old, I spent most of my spare time playing in the playground. However, throughout all my years before high school, I never played football in any formal team. My junior high school didn’t have a football team, and I never tried out to play for any of the town teams. After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, “Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ” I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, “What is it like to be part of a team ” So, I decided to have a try.
My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.
I proudly look back on this time of my life. I succeeded, and I overcame the fear of uncertainty. In the end, I loved playing football in senior high school, made some lifelong friends along the way, and kept good health.
1．When did the writer join a football team
A．Before he went to school. B．When he was in senior high school.
C．When he was in junior high school. D．After he graduated from senior high school.
2．What does the underlined phrase “shrugged off” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Tried out. B．Agreed with. C．Laughed at. D．Paid no attention to.
3．How did the writer feel on his first day in the school football team at first
A．Excited. B．Comfortable. C．Nervous. D．Bored.
4．What do the writer’s experiences in the football team tell us
A．Think before you act. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Everything’s hard in the beginning. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
10．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Importance of Sports in Life B．My Experience in a Football Team
C．How to Overcome Fear in Sports D．My Love for Sports
（3）
Nowadays many people go camping. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驅蟲劑) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接觸) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
________
Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep minimum noises and do not disturb the plants or animals.
1．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire
C．wait for the rain D．put up their tent
2．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents.
C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
3．Which of the following can be put in the ________
A．Park rules B．Green camping
C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
4．What does the underlined word “minimum” mean in Chinese
A．lowest B．highest C．biggest D．shortest
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To call on more people to take up camping.
B．To remind people to follow the rules of camping.
C．To offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping.
D．To introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping.
（4）
In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (兩會) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (浙江省政協委員會，簡稱CPPCC).
The suggestion was about making home care services beter for the elderly in Zhejiang. The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. “At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it,” Ma said.
So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.
They found many problems with the recent home care services. One big one was that there were not enough services for the elderly. Another problem was that services didn’t meet personal needs. Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.
Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (數據庫), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.
They finally won the first prize in 2024 Hangzhou primary and junior high school student model CPPCC．
“I learned to be organized and work with others. I also saw how consultative democracy (協商民主) works and felt its power,” Ma said.
1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs
A．All the students in from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were surprised at the proposal.
B．Chen Limin thinks highly of the proposal from Ma Zhenhan and his team.
C．There are only five members in model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
D．Chen Limin became a leader of CPPCC of Zhejiang Province in January.
2．Which of the following is the problem that the seniors face in Zhenjiang province
A．Some old people didn’t use any smart products before.
B．Some old people didn’t know where to get haircut.
C．Some old people didn’t get help from next door.
D．Some old people couldn’t find the ways to have fun activities.
3．Which is the correct time order of these events
a. Their proposal was presented to the Zhejiang Provincial Two Sessions.
b .The students did surveys, interviewed elderly people, and collected 1,000 replies.
c. With some officials’ help, they came up with some ideas to solve the problems.
d. Ma Zhenhan joined the model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
e. The students noticed elderly people needed help but don’t know the ways to get it.
A．e-c-b-d-a B．d-e-b-c-a C．d-e-c-b-a D．a-c-d-b-c
4．How many ways did the students think of to solve the senior care problems at home
A．More than three. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.
5．In what part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage
A．Travel. B．Sport. C．Society. D．Environment.
（5）
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors
According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Science, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (類胡蘿卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青苷). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied many different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find it grows in many places around the world. Blue or purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The fruit tends to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.
Animals also have an influence on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red green color-blind. Most yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.
1．What fruits are mentioned in the passage
A．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green pears.
B．Red apples, yellow bananas, blueberries and green melons.
C．Red apples, yellow lemons, strawberries and green melons.
D．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green melons.
2．Which one shows the relationship between the distance of the fruit to the equator(x) and its color(y)
A．B．C． D．
3．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Beauty. B．Structure. C．Development. D．Environment.
4．From the passage, we know______.
A．only a few fruit colors are found now B．carotenoid is blue or purple
C．red fruit just grow in warm places D．some fruit develops colors to attract animals
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Why fruit grows in different places
B．Why fruit has lots of different colors
C．Why colors of fruit are related to animals
D．Why colors of fruit are related to the climate
（6）
In recent years, more and more people are interested in electric vehicles. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油發動機).
Electric vehicles have many advantages. First, they are more environmentally friendly. They produce less pollution than gasoline-powered vehicles. Second, they are more energy-efficient. They can convert (轉換) more of the energy from the battery into movement than gasoline engines. Third, they are quieter. The electric motor makes much less noise than a gasoline engine.
However, electric vehicles also have some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range. Most electric vehicles can only travel about 100-300 kilometers on a single charge (充電). Another disadvantage is the long charging time. It can take several hours to fully charge an electric vehicle, while it only takes a few minutes to fill up a gasoline-powered vehicle.
Despite these disadvantages, the development of electric vehicles is still very promising. With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter. In the future, electric vehicles may become the mainstream(主流) of the automotive industry.
1．What is an electric vehicle
A．A vehicle that uses a gasoline engine.
B．A vehicle that uses an electric motor.
C．A vehicle that uses both an electric motor and a gasoline engine.
D．A vehicle that uses neither an electric motor nor a gasoline engine.
2．How many advantages of electric vehicles are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What is one of the main disadvantages of electric vehicles
A．They are more environmentally friendly. B．They are more energy-efficient.
C．They are quieter. D．The limited driving range.
4．Why is the development of electric vehicles still promising
A．Because they are more expensive.
B．Because they produce more pollution.
C．Because the driving range is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter with the improvement of battery technology.
D．Because they are more difficult to drive.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Advantages of Electric Vehicles B．The Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
C．Electric Vehicles: Advantages and Disadvantages D．The Future of Electric Vehicles
（7）
In a busy city, it’s hard to find a time to really enjoy life. Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District. It has become a popular place which combines technology and relaxation.
There is a humanoid robot (仿真機器人) here. People love it and call it “Iron Egg”. The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence. It can make and change different coffee flavors easily. “I am good at making coffee in four steps.” the robot shares as it begins its work.
From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes. The coffee it makes gives people an unforgettable feeling. While people wait for the coffee powder to bloom in hot water, the robot tells them why coffee is bitter at first. This makes people interested in the art of coffee making.
In spring, people can relax with a cup of coffee, a good book, and the nice smell of ink and coffee beans. It’s a special feeling, better than usual.
Peng Shenman is the manager of the coffee bar. He shared about the creative start of Mars Coffee. Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means “Cold Lake” in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.
Peng said, “I know there are over 1,000 parks in Shenzhen. Some parks have AI coffee machines. But our coffee bar is special because it’s the only one with a humanoid robot.”
1．Where is Mars Coffee located
A．Near the entrance of Minghu Park B．In the centre of Guangming district
C．In the Lenghu Town in Qinghai D．In the Gobi Desert
2．What does the underlined-word “cutting-edge” mean
A．Sharp and dangerous. B．Modern and the newest.
C．Simple and boring. D．Outdated and unpopular.
3．What can the humanoid robot “Iron Egg” do
A．It can only make one flavor of coffee.
B．It can tell people stories while making coffee.
C．It can make sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of tastes.
D．It can make coffee without grinding coffee beans.
4．Why is the coffee bar named “Mars Coffee”
A．Because the coffee beans are from Mars.
B．Because the coffee bar is set up on Mars.
C．Because the coffee bar manager likes Mars.
D．Because it’s related to a place which looks like Mars.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．It promotes the sale of coffee in a busy city.
B．It describes a coffee shop that combines technology and relaxation.
C．It explains the scientific process of coffee-making by a robot.
D．It introduces the best and most advanced coffee shop in Shenzhen.
（8）
Which animal has the largest ears You might think it’s the elephant, and you’d be kind of right.
As the largest living land animal, the African elephant does have the biggest ears of any living animal, according to Mary Holden, an expert at the American Museum of Natural History. But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night. They lives in the deserts of China and they live on insects.
The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (長度) of its body. Why such big ears “We believe that large ears have to do with warmer environments,” Mary said. “And if you look at African and Asian elephants, African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”
That’s the same as the long-eared jerboa. Its ears are large and thin, and they have many tiny blood vessels (血管). While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly.
Large ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in hot and dry environment. More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily. That’s why it can survive in the desert.
1．What does the underline word nocturnal in paragraph 2 mean
A．Lazy. B．Small. C．Smart. D．Night.
2．Which of the following animal is the long-eared jerboa
A．B． C． D．
3．Why do African elephants have larger ears than Asian elephants
A．Because they live on insects and plants. B．Because they live in hotter and drier places.
C．Because they have many tiny blood vessels. D．Because they need bigger ears to keep warm.
4．How do big ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in the desert
① By leading it to find food. ② By helping it cool off quickly.
③ By helping it save energy. ④ By keeping it away from danger.
A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Different kinds of elephants in the world. B．An expert’s research on African elephants.
C．The animal with the largest ears in the world.D．Reasons that animals can survive in the desert.
(9)
We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.
One way climate change has an effect on mental health is through natural disasters. Events like floods and wildfires are becoming more common because of climate change. These disasters can destroy (破壞) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.
Another way climate change influences mental health is through “eco anxiety”. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up. They worry about whether there will be enough clean water, food, or safe places to live.
Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm. Keep in touch with nature and spend more time in green space. People use that as a way to deal with stress. Social connection is a really good way as well. We are not only connected to the world around us, but also to one another.
Climate change is not just an environmental problem. It also influences how people feel and think. By understanding this, we can take better care of our planet and ourselves.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By stating a fact.
2．What can climate change cause through natural disasters
A．Serious floods. B．Dangerous wildfires.
C．Long term worries. D．Beautiful communities.
3．Why do many young people go through “eco anxiety”
A．Because they cause the climate change.
B．Because they worry about the future of the planet.
C．Because they enjoy talking about the weather.
D．Because they don’t care about the environment.
4．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Harmful. B．Difficult. C．Important. D．Common.
5．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Stop Climate Change B．Climate Change and Our Minds
C．Facts About Weather Change D．Ways to Solve Mental Problems
(10)
Humans love to give things names. We name our children, our pets and sometimes even our cars. But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones. Research has suggested that elephants, just like us, use names to call each other.
Elephants communicate using sounds. Besides their famous trumpeting noise, they also use a kind of low sounds that humans can’t hear. The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. They used machine learning to study the noises they heard and identified 469 special elephant “calls”.
The leader of the research said that elephants have specific calls for each other. They respond when a call is addressed to them and pay little attention to the call for others. The researchers also found that elephants don’t always use names when communicating with each other. They do it more often when they are far apart and when adults are talking to young elephants. Adults are found to use names more often than the young. It suggests that name-calling may be a skill that has to be learned over time.
The researchers tested the findings by playing elephant calls to a small group of the animals. In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names. This provides evidence to show that elephants can recognize their names.
The study opens a door into how elephants’ mind works. If we can know how they communicate, we may be able to communicate with them more directly and live with them better.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By mentioning a study.
C．By asking a question. D．By describing a problem.
2．Where do researchers record the elephant sounds
A．In Africa. B．In America. C．In Europe. D．In Asia.
3．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are born with the ability to use names.
B．They seldom answer the call for other elephants.
C．They prefer to use names when they get together.
D．Young elephants use names more often than adults.
4．What does the underlined word evidence in paragraph 4 possibly mean
A．Advice. B．Safety. C．Support. D．Service.
5．What is the main idea of the article
A．Elephants can communicate with humans.
B．Elephants have a good memory.
C．Elephants are disappearing at a fast speed.
D．Elephants call each other by name.
參考答案
（1）
【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了走出舒適區對我們的個人發展的重要性，并講述了相關的理由。
1．細節理解題。根據“A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress.”可知，舒適區是一個壓力最小的地方、情境或水平。故選B。
2．細節理解題。根據“A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.”可知，學習新的生活技能有助于保持大腦的敏銳。故選C。
3．細節理解題。根據“If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down.”可知，當壓力過高時，表現會下降。故選C。
4．推理判斷題。根據“It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down.”可知耶克斯道森定律意味著隨著壓力的增加，表現也會增加，但是它只會增加到一定程度，當壓力過大時，表現就會下降。故選A。
5．最佳標題題。文章主要講述了走出舒適區的重要性及其對個人成長的積極影響。選項C“走出舒適區”最符合文章主旨。故選C。
（2）
【導語】本文主要講述了作者從一開始沒有加入過正式足球隊，到高中時在朋友的建議下決定嘗試加入學校足球隊，以及加入足球隊第一天的經歷和感受，最后還收獲了友誼和健康。
1．細節理解題。根據“After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, ‘Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ’ I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, ‘What is it like to be part of a team ’ So, I decided to have a try.”以及“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy.”可知，作者是在高中的時候加入了學校的足球隊。故選B。
2．詞義猜測題。根據“After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, ‘Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ’ I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, ‘What is it like to be part of a team ’”可知，一開始作者沒有認真想過這件事，所以對朋友們的建議沒有太在意，后來才仔細考慮并決定嘗試。所以“shrugged off”意思是“沒有注意；不予理會”，與“Paid no attention to.”意思相符。故選D。
3．細節理解題。根據“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous.”可知，作者在學校足球隊的第一天一開始感覺很緊張。故選C。
4．推理判斷題。根據“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.”可知，作者一開始加入足球隊的時候很緊張，覺得不容易，但是隨著時間推移情況變好了。這告訴我們任何事情開始的時候都是困難的。選項C“萬事開頭難。”符合文意。故選C。
5．最佳標題題。本文主要講述了作者從一開始沒有加入過正式足球隊，到高中時在朋友的建議下決定嘗試加入學校足球隊，以及加入足球隊第一天的經歷和感受，最后還收獲了友誼和健康。所以文章主要圍繞作者在足球隊的經歷展開，“My Experience in a Football Team”作為標題最合適。故選B。
（3）
【導語】本文就如何準備露營提供一些建議。
1．細節理解題。根據“Endless fun”中的“Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities.”可知，在露營者開始一些有趣的活動之前，他們應該搭帳篷。故選D。
2．細節理解題。根據“Various tents”中的“Alpine tents safe for terrible weather”可知，Alpine tents可以安全面對糟糕天氣，所以如果露營者面臨強風，那么最好選擇Alpine tents。故選C。
3．推理判斷題。根據“Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you.”可知，此處是露營與環保之間的關系，所以B選項“綠色露營”符合。故選B。
4．詞句猜測題。根據“and do not disturb the plants or animals”可知，不要打擾植物或動物，所以是發出最低音貝的聲音，minimum與lowest“最低的”意思相近。故選A。
5．主旨大意題。根據“Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.”并結合全文可知，文章就如何準備露營提供了一些建議。故選C。
（4）
【導語】本文主要講述了杭州第十四中學的五名學生通過調研提出改善浙江省居家養老服務的提案，并最終獲得獎項的故事。
1．推理判斷題。根據“In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (兩會) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference”可知，馬振漢及團隊的提案被陳利民帶到了兩會，說明他高度贊揚該提案。故選B。
2．細節理解題。根據“Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.”可知，一些老人想要更多的娛樂活動，說明他們沒有找到有趣的娛樂方式。故選D。
3．細節理解題。根據“The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. ‘At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it’”可知，先是馬振漢加入俱樂部，然后注意到老年人需要幫助，但不知道如何獲得幫助；根據“So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.”可知，接著他們對發現的問題進行調查；根據“Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions”可知，隨后他們在一些官員的幫助下提出了一些解決辦法；根據“In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (兩會) by a school leader”可知，最后是他們的提案被帶到浙江省兩會上。因此正確的順序是d-e-b-c-a。故選B。
4．細節理解題。根據“With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (數據庫), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.”可知，他們提出了建立一個大型數據庫，更好的服務檢查，以及引入更易于使用的智能產品等等方法。故選A。
5．推理判斷題。本文主要講述了杭州第十四中學的五名學生通過調研提出改善浙江省居家養老服務的提案，并最終獲得獎項的故事。其內容主要是關于居家養老和社會服務，可以在社會版塊找到該文章。故選C。
（5）
【導語】本文主要講述了水果有不同顏色的原因。
1．細節理解題。根據文中“From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors.”可知，文中提到的水果有紅蘋果、黃檸檬、藍莓和綠瓜，故選D。
2．細節理解題。根據“The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.”可知，水果離赤道越近，顏色越深，選項A符合，故選A。
3．詞義猜測題。根據“Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places.”可知，因此，動物吃水果，然后把種子扔到其他地方，這有助于水果在不同的地方傳播和生長，也就是說這種行為有助于水果的發展，所以evolution在此處的意思是“發展”，與development同義，故選C。
4．細節理解題。根據“Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，一些水果會發展出易于動物看到的顏色以吸引動物，故選D。
5．最佳標題題。本文主要講述了水果有不同顏色的原因，因此，最佳標題應為“為什么水果有這么多不同的顏色”，故選B。
（6）
【導語】本文主要講述了電動汽車的優缺點。
1．細節理解題。根據“An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油發動機).”可知，電動汽車是一種使用電動機的車輛。故選B。
2．細節理解題。通讀第二段內容“ First, they are more environmentally friendly....Second, they are more energy-efficient...Third, they are quieter.”可知， 一共提到了電動汽車的三個優點。故選B。
3．細節理解題。根據“One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range.”可知，電動汽車的主要缺點之一是續航里程有限。故選D。
4．細節理解題。根據“With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter.”可知，隨著電池技術的改進，電動汽車的續航里程越來越長，充電時間越來越短，因此電動汽車的發展前景仍然很樂觀。故選C。
5．最佳標題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了電動汽車的優缺點，因此C項“電動汽車：優點和缺點”適合作標題。故選C。
（7）
【導語】本文主要介紹了Mars Coffee，正以獨特的“科技+放松”體驗，成為城市中的一抹亮色。
1．細節理解題。根據“Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District”可知，Mars Coffee 位于深圳光明區明湖公園的入口。故選A。
2．詞義猜測題。根據“The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence.”可知，此處是說“該機器人使用了尖端的人工智能”，因此“cutting-edge”指“最前沿的、最新的”，且文中提到機器人使用該技術制作咖啡，選項B符合語境。故選B。
3．細節理解題。根據“From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes.”可知，機器人從研磨咖啡豆到控制水量，確保每杯咖啡的酸、甜、苦平衡。因此機器人能確保每杯咖啡的味道平衡。故選C。
4．細節理解題。根據“Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means ‘Cold Lake’ in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.”可知，靈感源自青海冷湖鎮的戈壁地貌，因其景觀酷似火星，故得名“Mars Coffee”。故選D。
5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，全文圍繞“Mars Coffee”如何結合科技與休閑體驗展開，選項B概括全面。故選B。
（8）
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了耳朵最大的動物是跳鼠，介紹了跳鼠的體型特征以及大耳朵對它的作用。
1．詞義猜測題。根據“But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night.”可知，這種動物在晚上很活躍，是夜行動物，所以“nocturnal”指的是“夜間活動的”。故選D。
2．細節理解題。根據“The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (長度) of its body.”可知，長耳跳鼠長約10厘米，尾巴很長。它的耳朵長約5厘米，約為身體長度的50%。故選B。
3．細節理解題。根據“African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”可知，非洲象的耳朵比亞洲象的耳朵大得多，因為非洲象生活在更炎熱的氣候中。故選B。
4細節理解題。根據“While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly”及“More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily.”可知，大耳朵可以幫助長耳跳鼠尋找食物、快速冷卻、讓它遠離危險。故選A。
5．主旨大意題。根據“But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠)”可知，本文介紹了世界上耳朵最大的動物。故選C。
（9）
【導語】本文主要探討氣候變化對人們心理健康的影響，介紹了通過自然災害和“生態焦慮”兩種方式產生的影響，并提出了一些應對傷害的措施，呼吁人們關注地球和自身。
1．推理判斷題。根據“We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.”可知，文章開頭通過陳述了“氣候變化不僅影響未來和周圍世界，還影響心理健康” 這一事實，從而引出主題。故選D。
2．推理判斷題。根據“These disasters can destroy (破壞) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long - term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.”可知，氣候變化通過自然災害導致人們產生長期的擔憂等心理健康問題。洪水和野火是自然災害的例子，不是結果，故選C。
3．細節理解題。根據“Another way climate change influences mental health is through ‘ecoanxiety’. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up.”可知，很多年輕人有“生態焦慮”是因為他們擔心地球的未來。故選B。
4．詞句猜測題。根據“Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm.”中reduce the harm可知，detrimental意思和harm相關，harmful意思是“有害的”，符合語境。故選A。
5．最佳標題題。文章圍繞氣候變化對心理健康的影響展開。故選B。
（10）
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了大象能互相叫對方的名字。
1．推理判斷題。根據“But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones.”可知，科學家指出，我們可能并非唯一這樣做的生物，因此可以推斷出是一項研究，故選B。
2．細節理解題。根據“The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. ”可知，研究人員在非洲記錄大象的聲音，故選A。
3．細節理解題。根據“The researchers also found that elephants...when adults are talking to young elephants.”可知，他們很少回應其他大象的呼喊，故選B。
4．詞句猜測題。根據“In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names.”可知，evidence意思是“證據，證明”，故選C。
5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了大象能互相叫對方的名字，故選D。

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