資源簡介

專題八　情態動詞和系動詞
一、情態動詞
情態動詞是表示語氣的詞,本身有一定的詞義,但是不能獨立作謂語,只能和動詞原形一起構成謂語。情態動詞用在行為動詞前,表示說話人對這一動作或狀態的看法或主觀設想。 情態動詞具有助動詞的作用,后接動詞原形。情態動詞主要有以下這些:
原形 (過去式) 用　法 例　句
can(could) can意為“能,會”,表示能力,相當于be able to,但是can只有一般現在時和一般過去時兩種時態,而be able to可有各種時態 Tom can swim. =Tom is able to swim. 湯姆會游泳。
can意為“可以”,用于請求許可和表示許可,could表示更委婉、客氣的請求,回答用can,不能用could —Can/Could I watch TV 我可以看電視嗎 —Yes, you can./No, you can’t. 是的,你可以。/不,你不可以。
can意為“可能”,表推測,多用于疑問句;can’t 意為“不可能”,表示把握性很大的否定推測 The boy can’t be Jim. He’s much taller. 這個男孩不可能是吉姆。他要高很多。
may(might) may意為“可以”,用于請求許可和表示許可,比較正式 May I come in 我可以進來嗎
may意為“祝……”,用于表示祝愿 May you be happy!祝你快樂!
may和might都可意為“可能”,表示推測;might比may語氣更不確定,表示的可能性更小 Tony may know the way.托尼可能知道路。 He might be alive.他可能還活著。
續表
原形 (過去式) 用　法 例　句
must must意為“必須”,表示說話人的主觀意愿;mustn’t意為“禁止,不準,不許”。對must開頭的一般疑問句進行回答時,肯定回答用“Yes, ...must.”,否定回答用“No, ...needn’t.”或“No, ...don’t/doesn’t have to.” (have to意為“必須,不得不”,表示客觀需要) We must tell the truth to our parents. 我們必須告訴父母真相。 You mustn’t drive after drinking. 你酒后一定不要駕車。 —Must I go home now 我必須現在回家嗎 —No, you needn’t/don’t have to.不,你不必。
must意為“一定,肯定”,表示把握性很大的推測 You must be kidding!你一定是在開玩笑!
shall (should) Shall I/we do sth... 意為“我/我們做某事,好嗎 ”,表示建議或請求 Shall we ask the teacher for help 我們向老師尋求幫助好嗎
should意為“應該”,用于各種人稱,強調義務或責任 Students shouldn’t have long hair. 學生不應該留長發。
will(would) will/would意為“愿意”,用于第二人稱疑問句中,表示征求意見或提建議 Will/Would you please take out the trash 你可以把垃圾拿出去嗎
will意為“愿意”,用于各種人稱,表示意愿 Your parents will try their best to help you. 你的父母會盡最大努力幫助你。
need need作情態動詞時,意為“需要,有必要”,用于否定句和疑問句中,其否定形式為needn’t,意為“沒有必要,不必”。對need開頭的一般疑問句進行回答時,肯定回答用“Yes,...must.”, 否定回答用“No,...needn’t.” (注意:need 還可作實義動詞,能用于各種句式。need to do sth.意為“需要做某事”) She needn’t go there right now. 她現在沒必要去那里。 —Need I come 我需要來嗎 —Yes, you must. 是的,你必須來。 I need to learn more. 我需要學習更多。 My hair needs cutting.我的頭發該剪了。
二、系動詞
系動詞也稱連系動詞,本身有詞義,但不能單獨作謂語,其后必須跟表語,構成系表結構作謂語,說明主語的狀況、性質、特征等情況。系動詞主要有以下分類:
種類 例詞 例句
狀態系動詞 be(是) She is a happy girl. 她是一個快樂的女孩。
表象系動詞 seem (似乎), appear (似乎) He seems very sad. 他似乎很傷心。
續表
種類 例詞 例句
持續 系動詞 remain (保持), keep (保持), stay (保持) He always keeps quiet at meetings. 他開會時總保持安靜。
感官 系動詞 look (看起來), feel (摸起來), smell (聞起來), sound (聽起來), taste (嘗起來) This flower smells very good. 這花聞起來很香。
變化 系動詞 become (變得), get (變得), grow (漸漸變得), turn (變成) His face turned white when he knew the news. 當他知道這個消息的時候,他的臉色變白了。
3年淮安、江蘇真題
單項選擇
1.(2023·淮安中考)—Sir, may I take photos here
—Sorry, look at the sign. You ______take photos in the museum.
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
A.could B.may
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
2.(2022·淮安中考)—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you ______. After all, you broke his glasses.
A.may B.have to
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
3.(2024·連云港中考)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems ______be cured.
A.can B.must
C.should D.need
4.(2024·常州中考)When you make a fresh salad, you ______add your favorite fruit if you would like to.
A.may B.should
C.must D.have to
5.(2024·無錫中考) Shh...! This is a library. You ______keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t
C.should D.shouldn’t
6.(2023·南京中考)It’s so noisy that I ______hear a word of what you are saying.
A.can’t B.shouldn’t
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
7.(2023·連云港) Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ______learn to protect ourselves.
A.might B.should C.could D.would
8.(2023·常州中考)When you have fixed this type of lock, you ______take a key with you. You can open the door with your fingerprint.
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t
C.mustn’t D.can’t
9.(2023·南通中考) If a football team wants to enter the World Cup, it ______become a member of FIFA first.
A.may B.must C.can D.might
10.(2023·無錫中考) Oh, come on! ______you doubt everything I say I’m not a three-year-old!
A.Can’t B.Can
C.Mustn’t D.Must
11.(2022·鎮江中考) —I don’t care what Kate thinks.
—Well, you ______. Her suggestions are of some value.
A.would B.should
C.might D.could
12.(2022·徐州中考)—Can we play games here
—Better not. If you ______,please go to the open space there.
A.must B.can C.may D.will
13.(2022·常州中考)To achieve our dream, we ______rest on what we have done.
A.may not B.should not
C.need not D.could not
14.(2022·無錫中考) We should learn some basic life skills since we ______depend on ourselves some day.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
15.(2022·無錫中考)—Dad, what’s for dinner It ______nice!
—I’m cooking chicken soup.
A.tastes B.smells C.looks D.feels
16.(2022·連云港中考) The pubic sign in the library means people ______smoke there.
A.could B.must
C.couldn’t D.mustn’t
17.(2022·揚州中考) Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ______hear a thing.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t
C.shouldn’t D.can’t
語法專題集訓
單項選擇
1.(2024·瀘州中考)—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday
—Not yet. I ______volunteer at the old people’s home.
A.may B.must
C.should D.would
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Is that your friend Laura over there
—No, it ______be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
3.(2024·白銀、武威中考) —You ______be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs.
—Yes, I’ ll take a deep rest and make myself comfortable.
A.may B.may not
C.must D.can’t
4.(2024·廣西中考)—What do you think of the chicken soup, Helen
—It ______really good. I’d like to drink more.
A.tastes B.feels
C.sounds D.looks
5.(2024·涼山州中考)—Ruby, when did your father go out
—I’m not sure, but he ______go too far. His tea is still hot.
A.can’t B.must C.might D.may
6.(2024·龍東中考) —Must I answer this question in English
—No, you______.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t
C.can’t D.shouldn’t
7.(2024·樂山中考)—People ______wear helmets (頭盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes. Or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may D.need
8.(2024·天津中考) It ______be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A.may not B.mustn’t
C.need D.should
9.(2023·錦州中考)—When Monday I’m afraid Monday ______be a problem for me.
—But why I know you are free on Monday.
A.need B.needn’t
C.might not D.might
10.(2023·黔東南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) The soup would ______better with more salt.
A.eat B.sound C.taste D.feel
11.(2023·河北中考)If we ______find a better way, we’ll finish the job faster.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
12.(2023·北京中考)— Must I stay here and wait for you
— No, you ______. You can go home now.
A.needn’t B.can’t
C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
13.(2023·鄂州中考) —______ I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
14.(2023·岳陽中考) —May I use your computer
—______, but first you have to fold the clothes.
A.Sure, I’d love to B.Yes, you can
C.No, you can’t D.Yes, you must
15.(2023·撫順中考)The lovely boy ______ride the bike at the age of six.
A.must B.could C.need D.should
16.(2023·廣西中考)—Can you speak English, Lingling
— Yes. I ______.
A.must B.can C.should D.could
17.(2023·懷化中考)—______ I join the volunteer program on weekends
— Of course you can.
A.Can B.Must C.Should D.Need
18.(2023·濱州中考)—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ______be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A.can B.must C.need D.might
19.(2023·福建中考)—It’s such a long way!
—Don’t worry. You ______share a ride with me.
A.must B.can C.should D.could
20.(2023·恩施中考)The scarf ______soft. I like it very much.
A.tastes B.feels
C.sounds D.smells
21.(2023·武威中考) —I ______find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t
C.can’t D.wouldn’t
22.(2023·牡丹江中考) —Your skirt ______so special.
—Oh yes, it’s very popular these days. It’s a horse-face skirt.
A.looks B.smells
C.tastes D.sounds
23.(2023·天津中考)—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ______. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
24.(2023·丹東中考)—Dad, what are you cooking It ______so good.
—The main dish for our dinner. You will like it.
A.gets B.smells
C.sounds D.tastes
25.(2023·孝感中考) —Daniel, try this strawberry cake.
—It ______delicious. I’d like to have some more.
A.smells B.feels C.tastes D.looks專題八　情態動詞和系動詞
一、情態動詞
情態動詞是表示語氣的詞,本身有一定的詞義,但是不能獨立作謂語,只能和動詞原形一起構成謂語。情態動詞用在行為動詞前,表示說話人對這一動作或狀態的看法或主觀設想。 情態動詞具有助動詞的作用,后接動詞原形。情態動詞主要有以下這些:
原形 (過去式) 用　法 例　句
can(could) can意為“能,會”,表示能力,相當于be able to,但是can只有一般現在時和一般過去時兩種時態,而be able to可有各種時態 Tom swim. =Tom swim. 湯姆會游泳。
can意為“可以”,用于請求許可和表示許可,could表示更委婉、客氣的請求,回答用can,不能用could — I watch TV 我可以看電視嗎 —Yes, you ./No, you . 是的,你可以。/不,你不可以。
can意為“可能”,表推測,多用于疑問句;can’t 意為“不可能”,表示把握性很大的否定推測 The boy be Jim. He’s much taller. 這個男孩不可能是吉姆。他要高很多。
may(might) may意為“可以”,用于請求許可和表示許可,比較正式 I come in 我可以進來嗎
may意為“祝……”,用于表示祝愿 you be happy!祝你快樂!
may和might都可意為“可能”,表示推測;might比may語氣更不確定,表示的可能性更小 Tony know the way.托尼可能知道路。 He be alive.他可能還活著。
續表
原形 (過去式) 用　法 例　句
must must意為“必須”,表示說話人的主觀意愿;mustn’t意為“禁止,不準,不許”。對must開頭的一般疑問句進行回答時,肯定回答用“Yes, ...must.”,否定回答用“No, ...needn’t.”或“No, ...don’t/doesn’t have to.” (have to意為“必須,不得不”,表示客觀需要) We tell the truth to our parents. 我們必須告訴父母真相。 You drive after drinking. 你酒后一定不要駕車。 — I go home now 我必須現在回家嗎 —No, you needn’t/don’t have to.不,你不必。
must意為“一定,肯定”,表示把握性很大的推測 You be kidding!你一定是在開玩笑!
shall (should) Shall I/we do sth... 意為“我/我們做某事,好嗎 ”,表示建議或請求 we ask the teacher for help 我們向老師尋求幫助好嗎
should意為“應該”,用于各種人稱,強調義務或責任 Students have long hair. 學生不應該留長發。
will(would) will/would意為“愿意”,用于第二人稱疑問句中,表示征求意見或提建議 you please take out the trash 你可以把垃圾拿出去嗎
will意為“愿意”,用于各種人稱,表示意愿 Your parents try their best to help you. 你的父母會盡最大努力幫助你。
need need作情態動詞時,意為“需要,有必要”,用于否定句和疑問句中,其否定形式為needn’t,意為“沒有必要,不必”。對need開頭的一般疑問句進行回答時,肯定回答用“Yes,...must.”, 否定回答用“No,...needn’t.” (注意:need 還可作實義動詞,能用于各種句式。need to do sth.意為“需要做某事”) She go there right now. 她現在沒必要去那里。 — I come 我需要來嗎 —Yes, you . 是的,你必須來。 I to learn more. 我需要學習更多。 My hair cutting.我的頭發該剪了。
二、系動詞
系動詞也稱連系動詞,本身有詞義,但不能單獨作謂語,其后必須跟表語,構成系表結構作謂語,說明主語的狀況、性質、特征等情況。系動詞主要有以下分類:
種類 例詞 例句
狀態系動詞 be(是) She is a happy girl. 她是一個快樂的女孩。
表象系動詞 seem (似乎), appear (似乎) He seems very sad. 他似乎很傷心。
續表
種類 例詞 例句
持續 系動詞 remain (保持), keep (保持), stay (保持) He always keeps quiet at meetings. 他開會時總保持安靜。
感官 系動詞 look (看起來), feel (摸起來), smell (聞起來), sound (聽起來), taste (嘗起來) This flower smells very good. 這花聞起來很香。
變化 系動詞 become (變得), get (變得), grow (漸漸變得), turn (變成) His face turned white when he knew the news. 當他知道這個消息的時候,他的臉色變白了。
3年淮安、江蘇真題
單項選擇
1.(2023·淮安中考)—Sir, may I take photos here
—Sorry, look at the sign. You ______take photos in the museum.
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
A.could B.may
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
2.(2022·淮安中考)—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you ______. After all, you broke his glasses.
A.may B.have to
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
3.(2024·連云港中考)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems ______be cured.
A.can B.must
C.should D.need
4.(2024·常州中考)When you make a fresh salad, you ______add your favorite fruit if you would like to.
A.may B.should
C.must D.have to
5.(2024·無錫中考) Shh...! This is a library. You ______keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t
C.should D.shouldn’t
6.(2023·南京中考)It’s so noisy that I ______hear a word of what you are saying.
A.can’t B.shouldn’t
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
7.(2023·連云港) Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ______learn to protect ourselves.
A.might B.should C.could D.would
8.(2023·常州中考)When you have fixed this type of lock, you ______take a key with you. You can open the door with your fingerprint.
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t
C.mustn’t D.can’t
9.(2023·南通中考) If a football team wants to enter the World Cup, it ______become a member of FIFA first.
A.may B.must C.can D.might
10.(2023·無錫中考) Oh, come on! ______you doubt everything I say I’m not a three-year-old!
A.Can’t B.Can
C.Mustn’t D.Must
11.(2022·鎮江中考) —I don’t care what Kate thinks.
—Well, you ______. Her suggestions are of some value.
A.would B.should
C.might D.could
12.(2022·徐州中考)—Can we play games here
—Better not. If you ______,please go to the open space there.
A.must B.can C.may D.will
13.(2022·常州中考)To achieve our dream, we ______rest on what we have done.
A.may not B.should not
C.need not D.could not
14.(2022·無錫中考) We should learn some basic life skills since we ______depend on ourselves some day.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
15.(2022·無錫中考)—Dad, what’s for dinner It ______nice!
—I’m cooking chicken soup.
A.tastes B.smells C.looks D.feels
16.(2022·連云港中考) The pubic sign in the library means people ______smoke there.
A.could B.must
C.couldn’t D.mustn’t
17.(2022·揚州中考) Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ______hear a thing.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t
C.shouldn’t D.can’t
語法專題集訓
單項選擇
1.(2024·瀘州中考)—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday
—Not yet. I ______volunteer at the old people’s home.
A.may B.must
C.should D.would
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Is that your friend Laura over there
—No, it ______be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
3.(2024·白銀、武威中考) —You ______be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs.
—Yes, I’ ll take a deep rest and make myself comfortable.
A.may B.may not
C.must D.can’t
4.(2024·廣西中考)—What do you think of the chicken soup, Helen
—It ______really good. I’d like to drink more.
A.tastes B.feels
C.sounds D.looks
5.(2024·涼山州中考)—Ruby, when did your father go out
—I’m not sure, but he ______go too far. His tea is still hot.
A.can’t B.must C.might D.may
6.(2024·龍東中考) —Must I answer this question in English
—No, you______.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t
C.can’t D.shouldn’t
7.(2024·樂山中考)—People ______wear helmets (頭盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes. Or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may D.need
8.(2024·天津中考) It ______be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A.may not B.mustn’t
C.need D.should
9.(2023·錦州中考)—When Monday I’m afraid Monday ______be a problem for me.
—But why I know you are free on Monday.
A.need B.needn’t
C.might not D.might
10.(2023·黔東南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) The soup would ______better with more salt.
A.eat B.sound C.taste D.feel
11.(2023·河北中考)If we ______find a better way, we’ll finish the job faster.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
12.(2023·北京中考)— Must I stay here and wait for you
— No, you ______. You can go home now.
A.needn’t B.can’t
C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
13.(2023·鄂州中考) —______ I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
14.(2023·岳陽中考) —May I use your computer
—______, but first you have to fold the clothes.
A.Sure, I’d love to B.Yes, you can
C.No, you can’t D.Yes, you must
15.(2023·撫順中考)The lovely boy ______ride the bike at the age of six.
A.must B.could C.need D.should
16.(2023·廣西中考)—Can you speak English, Lingling
— Yes. I ______.
A.must B.can C.should D.could
17.(2023·懷化中考)—______ I join the volunteer program on weekends
— Of course you can.
A.Can B.Must C.Should D.Need
18.(2023·濱州中考)—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ______be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A.can B.must C.need D.might
19.(2023·福建中考)—It’s such a long way!
—Don’t worry. You ______share a ride with me.
A.must B.can C.should D.could
20.(2023·恩施中考)The scarf ______soft. I like it very much.
A.tastes B.feels
C.sounds D.smells
21.(2023·武威中考) —I ______find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t
C.can’t D.wouldn’t
22.(2023·牡丹江中考) —Your skirt ______so special.
—Oh yes, it’s very popular these days. It’s a horse-face skirt.
A.looks B.smells
C.tastes D.sounds
23.(2023·天津中考)—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ______. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A.can B.can’t
C.must D.mustn’t
24.(2023·丹東中考)—Dad, what are you cooking It ______so good.
—The main dish for our dinner. You will like it.
A.gets B.smells
C.sounds D.tastes
25.(2023·孝感中考) —Daniel, try this strawberry cake.
—It ______delicious. I’d like to have some more.
A.smells B.feels C.tastes D.looks

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