資源簡介

專題三　代　詞
一、人稱代詞
1.人稱代詞的形式
人稱代詞可指人或物,有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化
數(shù) 單　數(shù) 復(fù)　數(shù)
格 主　格 賓　格 主　格 賓　格
第一人稱 I me we us
第二人稱 you you you you
第三人稱 he him - -
she her they them
it it - -
2.人稱代詞的用法
類別 成分 位置
主格 主語 動(dòng)詞前
賓格 賓語 動(dòng)詞后或介詞后
表語 連系動(dòng)詞后
3.并列人稱代詞的順序
場合 排序
單數(shù) you+he/she+I
復(fù)數(shù) we+you+they
男女并列 he+she
承擔(dān)責(zé)任 I/me或we/us放在第一位
二、物主代詞
1.物主代詞的形式
類別 單　數(shù) 復(fù)　數(shù)
第一 人稱 第二 人稱 第三 人稱 第一 人稱 第二 人稱 第三 人稱
形容詞性 物主代詞 my your his her its our your their
名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
2.物主代詞的用法
(1)形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前作定語。
(2)名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”,后面不能再跟名詞,常作主語、賓語或表語,也可單獨(dú)使用。
三、反身代詞
1.反身代詞的形式
反身代詞指代某人自己,單數(shù)以-self結(jié)尾,復(fù)數(shù)以-selves結(jié)尾。
類別 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單　數(shù) myself yourself himself、herself、 itself
復(fù)　數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
2.反身代詞的用法
成分 用法
作賓語 跟在動(dòng)詞之后:cut、enjoy、hurt、teach、help、dress、devote等
跟在介詞之后:look after、depend on、take care of、take pride in、by oneself、for oneself等
作表語 跟在連系動(dòng)詞后,構(gòu)成be oneself結(jié)構(gòu)。如:I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服
作同位語 作主語或賓語的同位語,起強(qiáng)調(diào)主語或賓語的作用
易錯(cuò)提醒:反身代詞不能單獨(dú)作主語
四、指示代詞
　　指示代詞是用來指定或確認(rèn)某人或某事物的代詞。
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 用法
this這個(gè) these這些 指近處。如:This is my pen. 這是我的鋼筆。
that那個(gè) those那些 指遠(yuǎn)處。如:That’s his book. 那是他的書。
【提醒】
(1)打電話時(shí),this指自己,that指對方。
(2)為避免名詞重復(fù),that可代替上文的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞;those可代替上文的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
五、不定代詞
不定代詞是不明確指代某個(gè)(些)人或事物的代詞,分為普通不定代詞和復(fù)合不定代詞。
1.普通不定代詞
(1)some和any
some 用于肯定句中;用于表示建議、請求或希望得到對方肯定回答的疑問句中
any 用于否定句、疑問句及條件狀語從句中;用于肯定句中,意為“任何”, 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
(2)few、a few、little和a little
肯定意義 否定意義 用法
a few few 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
a little little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
(3)many和much
很多 many 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
(4)no one和none
no one “沒有人,無人”,相當(dāng)于nobody, 不可跟of 結(jié)構(gòu) 作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),可用來回答who引導(dǎo)的疑問句
none “沒有一個(gè)”,否定三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物,可跟of結(jié)構(gòu) 可用來回答how many/how much引導(dǎo)的疑問句
(5)all、both、neither和either
all 三者或三者以上“都”
both 兩者“都”
neither 兩者都不
either 兩者中任何一個(gè)
(6)other、another、the other、others和the others
不定代詞 用法
other 意為“其他的,別的”,其后常跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于others
another 指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個(gè)”,可單獨(dú)使用或后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),也可先跟基數(shù)詞,再加復(fù)數(shù)名詞
the other 表示兩者中的“另一個(gè)”,常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:one...the other...一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……
others 意為“另一些”,后面不能跟名詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:some...others...一些……另一些……
the others 相當(dāng)于“the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,表示其余所有的人或物
2.復(fù)合不定代詞
(1)復(fù)合不定代詞的形式
somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 沒有人 everybody 每人
someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 沒有人 everyone 每人
something 某事;某物 anything 任何事 nothing 沒有什么 everything 每件事;一切
(2)復(fù)合不定代詞的用法
①復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
②形容詞或else要置于復(fù)合不定代詞之后。
③由“some/any+body/one/thing”所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的區(qū)別同some、any。
④something、someone、somebody用于疑問句中,表示委婉的語氣,希望得到肯定答復(fù)。
⑤anything、anyone、anybody用于肯定句中,意為“任何……”,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
六、疑問代詞
疑問代詞 意義 基本用法
who 誰 主語、表語、賓語
whom 誰 賓語(who的賓格)
whose 誰的 主語、表語、賓語、定語(who的所有格,后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
what 什么 主語、表語、賓語、定語(后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
which 哪個(gè) 主語、表語、賓語、定語(后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
3年淮安、江蘇真題
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.(2024·淮安中考) —Oh! I forgot to bring ______ruler.
—Don’t worry.I can share mine with you.
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
2.(2023·淮安中考)My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English. I thank ______very much.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
3.(2024·無錫中考)______ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A.Who B.Which
C.What D.Where
4.(2024·無錫中考)Oh, come on! Stop telling me what to do. Mind ______own business.
A.you B.your C.us D.our
5.(2024·無錫中考)We’re looking for ______who can deal with the new computer virus.
A.someone B.everyone
C.something D.everything
6.(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of ______because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
7.(2023·南京中考)—Today is Father’s Day.What are you going to do for your dad
—I’ve made a card for ______, Mum.
A.her B.him C.his D.himself
8.(2023·徐州中考)______ other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her.
A.All B.Most C.Some D.Few
9.(2023·常州中考)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ______of them very much.
A.either B.any
C.neither D.none
10.(2023·揚(yáng)州中考)The children have painted since ______could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
11.(2023·連云港中考) Your school library looks as modern as ______. Can you show me around
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
12.(2022·南京中考)Children often hurt ______when they play that game.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
語法專題集訓(xùn)
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.(2024·東營中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying.
—Me too.______ here is so nice. I love the city.
A.Nothing　 B.Anything
C.Something D.Everything
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ______
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself
3.(2024·白銀武威中考) Mark just phoned to say he’ d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ______
A.mine B.hers C.his D.its
4.(2024·河北中考) —Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No, ______is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours
5.(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy, is there ______in the classroom now
—No. All the students are having a P. E.lesson on the playground.
A.everybody B.somebody
C.anybody D.nobody
6.(2024·達(dá)州中考)—Tina, did you buy ______when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A.anything special B.special anything
C.something special D.special something
7.(2024·濱州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao.
—Yes, ______could say no to it there.
A.everybody B.nobody
C.somebody D.anybody
8.(2024·龍東中考)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ______Chinese.
A.a few B.a little
C.little D.few
9.(2024·天津中考) When ______parents went away on business, I looked after ______.
A.my; myself B.my; mine
C.me; myself　　 D.me; mine
10.(2023·綏化中考)—What are ______, do you know
—I think they are smart watches.
A.it B.this C.those D.that
11.(2023·黔東南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) Welcome you all to China and enjoy ______here.
A.yourself　 B.yourselves
C.themselves D.himself
Ⅱ.用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空
1.(2024·云南中考)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in (he).
2.(2024·臨夏州中考)Tina had to look after (she) younger sister at home last weekend.
3.(2024·武威中考)The cat lay on the sofa, washing (it).
4.(2024·達(dá)州)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use (you)
5.(2024·龍東中考)We enjoyed (our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.專題三　代　詞
一、人稱代詞
1.人稱代詞的形式
人稱代詞可指人或物,有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化
數(shù) 單　數(shù) 復(fù)　數(shù)
格 主　格 賓　格 主　格 賓　格
第一人稱 I me we us
第二人稱 you you you you
第三人稱 he him - -
she her they them
it it - -
2.人稱代詞的用法
類別 成分 位置
主格 主語 動(dòng)詞前
賓格 賓語 動(dòng)詞后或介詞后
表語 連系動(dòng)詞后
3.并列人稱代詞的順序
場合 排序
單數(shù) you+he/she+I
復(fù)數(shù) we+you+they
男女并列 he+she
承擔(dān)責(zé)任 I/me或we/us放在第一位
二、物主代詞
1.物主代詞的形式
類別 單　數(shù) 復(fù)　數(shù)
第一 人稱 第二 人稱 第三 人稱 第一 人稱 第二 人稱 第三 人稱
形容詞性 物主代詞 my your his her its our your their
名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
2.物主代詞的用法
(1)形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前作定語。
(2)名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”,后面不能再跟名詞,常作主語、賓語或表語,也可單獨(dú)使用。
三、反身代詞
1.反身代詞的形式
反身代詞指代某人自己,單數(shù)以-self結(jié)尾,復(fù)數(shù)以-selves結(jié)尾。
類別 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單　數(shù) myself yourself himself、herself、 itself
復(fù)　數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
2.反身代詞的用法
成分 用法
作賓語 跟在動(dòng)詞之后:cut、enjoy、hurt、teach、help、dress、devote等
跟在介詞之后:look after、depend on、take care of、take pride in、by oneself、for oneself等
作表語 跟在連系動(dòng)詞后,構(gòu)成be oneself結(jié)構(gòu)。如:I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服
作同位語 作主語或賓語的同位語,起強(qiáng)調(diào)主語或賓語的作用
易錯(cuò)提醒:反身代詞不能單獨(dú)作主語
四、指示代詞
　　指示代詞是用來指定或確認(rèn)某人或某事物的代詞。
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 用法
this這個(gè) these這些 指近處。如:This is my pen. 這是我的鋼筆。
that那個(gè) those那些 指遠(yuǎn)處。如:That’s his book. 那是他的書。
【提醒】
(1)打電話時(shí),this指自己,that指對方。
(2)為避免名詞重復(fù),that可代替上文的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞;those可代替上文的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
五、不定代詞
不定代詞是不明確指代某個(gè)(些)人或事物的代詞,分為普通不定代詞和復(fù)合不定代詞。
1.普通不定代詞
(1)some和any
some 用于肯定句中;用于表示建議、請求或希望得到對方肯定回答的疑問句中
any 用于否定句、疑問句及條件狀語從句中;用于肯定句中,意為“任何”, 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
(2)few、a few、little和a little
肯定意義 否定意義 用法
a few few 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
a little little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
(3)many和much
很多 many 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
(4)no one和none
no one “沒有人,無人”,相當(dāng)于nobody, 不可跟of 結(jié)構(gòu) 作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),可用來回答who引導(dǎo)的疑問句
none “沒有一個(gè)”,否定三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物,可跟of結(jié)構(gòu) 可用來回答how many/how much引導(dǎo)的疑問句
(5)all、both、neither和either
all 三者或三者以上“都”
both 兩者“都”
neither 兩者都不
either 兩者中任何一個(gè)
(6)other、another、the other、others和the others
不定代詞 用法
other 意為“其他的,別的”,其后常跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于others
another 指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個(gè)”,可單獨(dú)使用或后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),也可先跟基數(shù)詞,再加復(fù)數(shù)名詞
the other 表示兩者中的“另一個(gè)”,常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:one...the other...一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……
others 意為“另一些”,后面不能跟名詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:some...others...一些……另一些……
the others 相當(dāng)于“the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,表示其余所有的人或物
2.復(fù)合不定代詞
(1)復(fù)合不定代詞的形式
somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 沒有人 everybody 每人
someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 沒有人 everyone 每人
something 某事;某物 anything 任何事 nothing 沒有什么 everything 每件事;一切
(2)復(fù)合不定代詞的用法
①復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
②形容詞或else要置于復(fù)合不定代詞之后。
③由“some/any+body/one/thing”所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的區(qū)別同some、any。
④something、someone、somebody用于疑問句中,表示委婉的語氣,希望得到肯定答復(fù)。
⑤anything、anyone、anybody用于肯定句中,意為“任何……”,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
六、疑問代詞
疑問代詞 意義 基本用法
who 誰 主語、表語、賓語
whom 誰 賓語(who的賓格)
whose 誰的 主語、表語、賓語、定語(who的所有格,后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
what 什么 主語、表語、賓語、定語(后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
which 哪個(gè) 主語、表語、賓語、定語(后接名詞或單獨(dú)使用)
3年淮安、江蘇真題
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.(2024·淮安中考) —Oh! I forgot to bring ______ruler.
—Don’t worry.I can share mine with you.
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
2.(2023·淮安中考)My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English. I thank ______very much.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
3.(2024·無錫中考)______ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A.Who B.Which
C.What D.Where
4.(2024·無錫中考)Oh, come on! Stop telling me what to do. Mind ______own business.
A.you B.your C.us D.our
5.(2024·無錫中考)We’re looking for ______who can deal with the new computer virus.
A.someone B.everyone
C.something D.everything
6.(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of ______because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
7.(2023·南京中考)—Today is Father’s Day.What are you going to do for your dad
—I’ve made a card for ______, Mum.
A.her B.him C.his D.himself
8.(2023·徐州中考)______ other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her.
A.All B.Most C.Some D.Few
9.(2023·常州中考)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ______of them very much.
A.either B.any
C.neither D.none
10.(2023·揚(yáng)州中考)The children have painted since ______could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
11.(2023·連云港中考) Your school library looks as modern as ______. Can you show me around
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
12.(2022·南京中考)Children often hurt ______when they play that game.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
語法專題集訓(xùn)
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.(2024·東營中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying.
—Me too.______ here is so nice. I love the city.
A.Nothing　 B.Anything
C.Something D.Everything
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ______
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself
3.(2024·白銀武威中考) Mark just phoned to say he’ d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ______
A.mine B.hers C.his D.its
4.(2024·河北中考) —Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No, ______is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours
5.(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy, is there ______in the classroom now
—No. All the students are having a P. E.lesson on the playground.
A.everybody B.somebody
C.anybody D.nobody
6.(2024·達(dá)州中考)—Tina, did you buy ______when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A.anything special B.special anything
C.something special D.special something
7.(2024·濱州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao.
—Yes, ______could say no to it there.
A.everybody B.nobody
C.somebody D.anybody
8.(2024·龍東中考)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ______Chinese.
A.a few B.a little
C.little D.few
9.(2024·天津中考) When ______parents went away on business, I looked after ______.
A.my; myself B.my; mine
C.me; myself　　 D.me; mine
10.(2023·綏化中考)—What are ______, do you know
—I think they are smart watches.
A.it B.this C.those D.that
11.(2023·黔東南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) Welcome you all to China and enjoy ______here.
A.yourself　 B.yourselves
C.themselves D.himself
Ⅱ.用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空
1.(2024·云南中考)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in him(he).
2.(2024·臨夏州中考)Tina had to look after her(she) younger sister at home last weekend.
3.(2024·武威中考)The cat lay on the sofa, washing itself(it).
4.(2024·達(dá)州)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use yours(you)
5.(2024·龍東中考)We enjoyed ourselves(our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.

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