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中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺
名詞
名詞是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名稱的詞，可以說名詞是萬物之名稱。它們可以是：
專有名詞：表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如 China, John, London, the USA, Harbin .
1．名詞 個體名詞：表示單個的人或事物。如 boat, chair, desk, apple . 可數名詞
集體名詞：表示一群人或一些事物的總稱。如 family, people, class, police .
普通名詞
物質名詞：表示無法分為個體的物質。如 water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton .
抽象名詞：表示抽象概念的詞。如 health, help, work, friendship . 不可數名詞
2. 可數名詞復數形式的構成
可數名詞的復數形式通常是在單數形式后加-s或-es，現將其復數的一般構成方法及讀音列表如下：
情況 構成方法 例詞 讀音
一般情況 在詞尾加-s desk → desks map → maps -s在請輔音后發[s]音
day → days girl → girls -s在元音私濁畏音后發[z]
以s, x, ch, sh結尾的詞 在詞尾加-es bus →buses box → boxes watch → watches es發[iz]音
以輔音字母加y結尾的詞 變y為i再加-es family → families factory → factories party → parties -ies發[iz]音
以f或fe 結尾的詞 變f或fe為v再加-es knife → knives life → lives wife → wives half → halves -ves發[vz]音
以o結尾的有生命的詞 在詞尾加-es potato → potatoes tomato → tomatoes hero → heroes -es發[z]音
以o結尾的無生命的詞 在詞尾加-s radio → radios zoo → zoos -s發[z]音
英語中還有不少名詞的復數形式是不規則的，必須把它們牢記在心。如：man→men, woman→women, Frenchman→Frenchmen, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, goose→geese, mouse→mice, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, fish→fish等。
3. 名詞的所有格
在英語中，有些名詞的詞尾 可以加上’s，用來表示所有關系，這種結構稱為名詞的所有格。
單數名詞在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo,
復數名詞 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother,
不規則復數名詞后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights,
以s結尾的人名所有格加’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’ job, the Smiths’ house
表示各自的所有關系時,各名詞末尾均須加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes
表示共有的所有關系時在最后一詞末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father
表示＂某人家＂＂店鋪＂，所有格后名詞省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s
三、隨堂監測A組
I. 寫出下列名詞的復數形式：
1. house _________ 2. village ___________ 3. map __________
4. orange _________ 5. bag ___________ 6. exercise ___________
7. brush __________ 8. family ___________ 9. bus ___________
10. city __________ 11. box ___________ 12. baby __________
13. class __________ 14. factory _________ 15. glass __________
16. dictionary __________ 17. watch _________ 18. woman _________
19. match __________ 20. man _________ 21. wish __________
22. German __________ 23. tomato _________ 24. policeman ___________
25. kilo __________ 26. human _________ 27. potato ___________
28. Chinese __________ 29. shelf __________ 30. Japanese __________
31. leaf ___________ 32. American __________33. life ___________
34. tooth __________ 35. wife ___________ 36. foot ___________
37. knife __________ 38. sheep __________ 39. half ___________
40. child __________
II. 將下列詞組譯成英語：
1、一群孩子 2、兩箱子蘋果
3、三籃子蔬菜 4、九塊面包
5、十杯牛奶 6、五塊肉
7、多種植物 8、一副眼鏡
9、兩塊冰 10、三張紙
11、四瓶橘汁 12、五杯茶
13、六碗米飯 14、七袋米
15、八塊木頭 16、九塊豆腐
四、隨堂監測B組
Ⅳ. 選擇填空：
1. I want to buy ________.
A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks
2. They don’t have to do _______ today.
A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. much homeworks
3. The ______ of machine made us feel sick.
A. voice B. noise C. sound D. noises
4. Excuse me, are you ______ --- Yes, I’m from ________.
A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D. American, America
5. There are three ______ and seven ______ in the picture.
A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps
6. June 1 is _______.
A. children’s day B. children’s Day C. Children’s Day D. Children’s day
7. ______ room is next to their parents’.
A. Kate’s and Joan’s B. Kate’s and Joan C. Kate and Joan’s D. Kate and Joan
8. Miss Green is a friend of _______.
A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother C. Mary mother’s D. mother’s of Mary
9. Tom is ______. He will come to see me.
A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend of mine
10. Sheep _______ white and milk _______ also white.
A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are
11. I’d like to have a glass of milk and _______.
A. two breads B. two pieces of breads
C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
12. It’s a long ______ to Paris. It’s two thousand kilometers.
A. street B. road C. way D. end
13. Many ______ are singing over there.
A. woman B. women C. girl D. child
14. He bought _______.
A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe
15. Mr. White has three _______.
A. child B. children C. childs D. childrens
16. Beijing is one of the biggest _______ in the world.
A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities
17. --- Where’s Mr. White --- He’s in _______.
A. the room 202 B. Room 202 C. the Room 202 D. room 202
18. Shops, hospitals and schools are all _______.
A. places B. homes C. rooms D. buildings
19. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _______ to his office.
A. 20 minutes’ walks B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
20. ---Are these ______ --- No, they aren’t. They’re _______.
A. sheep, cows B. sheep, cow C. sheeps, cow D. sheeps, cows
21. There are many ______ in the fridge.
A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread
22. --- Whose room is this --- It’s _______.
A. Li Ming B. Li Ming’s C. Li Mings D. Li Mings’
23. Here are ______ for you, Sue.
A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato
24. Here are some birthday cards with our best ______ for her.
A. wish B. hope C. wishes D. hopes
25. I always go to that ______ to buy food on Sunday.
A. shop B. park C. zoo D. garden
26. What’s the Chinese for “ PRC”
A. 中國人民解放軍 B. 中華人民共和國 C. 聯合國 D. 中國共產黨
27. Sam gave Ann some _______ to look after Polly while he was away.
A. picture-books B. inventions C. instructions D. messages
28. --- Which of the following animals lives only in China --- The ________.
A. monkey B. elephant C. panda D. cat
29. ______ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s
30. The third month of the year is _______.
A. March B. January C. February D. April
31. Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ________.
A. two orange B. two bottle of oranges C. two bottles of orange D. two bottles of oranges
32. It’s very cold today. Why don’t you put on your ______
A. watch B. shirt C. sweater D. glasses
33. I met some ______ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English
34. _______ is the best time for planting trees.
A. Summer B. Winter C. Spring D. Autumn
35. Tom was badly hurt in the match. They carried him to the ______ as quickly as possible.
A. bank B. post office C. shop D. hospital
36. There are two ______ in the room.
A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelfes D. shelves .. There are seven ______ in a week.
A. years B. months C. days D. minutes
38. My father is a ______. He works in a hospital.
A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. writer
V. 各地中考題選編：
1. --- Where is Tom --- He’s left a ______ saying that he has something important to do.
A. excuse B. message C. exercise D. news
2. There is no ______ in the bus so we have to wait for another bus.
A. room B. a room C. rooms D. seats
3. --- Would you like some ______ --- Oh, yes. Just a little.
A. pears B. oranges C. sugar D. apples
4. You can find the following INSTRUCTIONS on _______. KEEP IN A COLD PLACE
A. food B. money C. clothes D. books
5. Mr. Green has lived in the _____ hotel since he came to China.
A. five-star B. five-stars C. five star’s D. five stars
6. She was born in Wuhan, but Beijing has become her second _______.
A. home B. family C. house D. place
7. --- What’s the _____ today --- It’s June 26.
A. day B. date C. time D. hour
8. English is spoken as a first language in ______.
A. the USA B. India C. Japan D. China
9. ______ comes from cows.
A. Wool B. Chicken C. Pork D. Milk
10. Which of the following does paper burn in
A. B. C. D.
11. Let the children go away. They’re making too much ______ here.
A. noise B. voice C. noisy D. sounds
12. ______ comes from sheep and some people like eating it.
A. Wool B. Pork C. Mutton D. Milk
13. --- Oh, there isn’t enough ______ for us in the lift.
--- It doesn’t matter, let’s wait for the next.
A. ground B. floor C. place D. room
14. _______ is the biggest city in China.
A. Beijing B. Shanghai C. Guangzhou D. Kunming
15. The Englishman Stephenson (史蒂芬孫), invented _______.
A. the ship B. the car C. the plane D. the train
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