中文字幕精品无码一区二区,成全视频在线播放观看方法,大伊人青草狠狠久久,亚洲一区影音先锋色资源

08 down動詞短語-高中英語高頻動詞短語速記

資源下載
  1. 二一教育資源

08 down動詞短語-高中英語高頻動詞短語速記

資源簡介

/ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
V + down短語動詞
在高中英語中,“down”(prep., adv.)與眾多動詞搭配構成了豐富多樣的短語動詞。這些短語動詞含義豐富,主要圍繞“down”的核心義“往下,向下,倒下,降低”以及引申義“完全,徹底”“記下,寫下”“由高到低,由大到小,由強到弱”“緊緊地,牢牢地”等展開。下面詳細介紹常見的“down”相關短語動詞。
一、核心義相關短語
(一)let down
1.放下,放低,降下:“let”有“使”的意思 ,“let down”即“使……向下”,例如“She let down the bucket into the well.”,她把水桶放下井去,描述了將物體從高處放至低處的動作 。
2.使失望:從“使心情、期望向下”引申而來,如“You let me down by failing the exam.”,你考試不及格讓我很失望,表達了因他人行為未達預期而產生的失落情緒 。
3.使略遜一籌,使美中不足:表示使某人或某物的形象、表現等方面受到影響而有所欠缺,“His pronunciation lets him down.”,他的發音使他在表達方面略遜一籌 。
4.(飛機)(使)下降,降低高度:用于描述飛機的飛行狀態變化,“The plane is letting down slowly.”,飛機正在慢慢下降,突出飛機高度逐漸降低的過程 。
5.(輪胎等)放氣:通過使輪胎內部氣壓降低,導致輪胎胎身向下,“The naughty boy let down the back tire of my bike.”,調皮的男孩給我的自行車后輪胎放了氣 。
6.降低(標準,質量等):“使標準、質量等向下”,意味著降低原本的要求或水平,“We shouldn't let our product standards down.”,我們不應該降低產品標準 。
7.松懈,放松:指使精力、投入等減少,“Don't let down even though the going is good.”,即使進展順利也不要松懈,強調在做事過程中要保持專注和努力 。
(二)back down/off
1.退下:“back”表示后退,“down”表示往下,“back down/off”即往下后退,“You'll have to back down carefully. The ladder is not steady.”,你得小心退下來,梯子不穩,描述從高處或某個位置安全退下的情景 。
2.放棄,后退,屈服:由“完全后退”引申而來,常表示在面對困難、壓力或爭議時,放棄原有的立場或行動,“Neither of them will back down on this issue.”,他們倆在這個問題上都不會讓步,體現了在特定情境下的妥協或放棄 。
(三)bear down
1.竭盡全力:“bear”有“忍受”之意,“bear down”從“完全忍受痛苦”引申為“竭盡全力”,“You have to bear down if you expect to pass the examination.”,如果你想通過考試,就必須全力以赴,強調為達成目標付出全部努力 。
2.壓倒,戰勝,擊敗:從“向下壓迫”的含義發展而來,“He has been able to bear down all opposition.”,他能夠擊敗所有的反對勢力,突出在競爭或對抗中占據優勢并取得勝利 。
(四)beat down
1.(陽光)暴曬,直射:“beat”有“(接連地)打,擊”的意思,“beat down”表示陽光像連續擊打一樣向下照射,“The sun was beating down on the dry fields.”,太陽直射在干旱的田野上,描繪了陽光強烈照射的場景 。
2.(雨)傾盆而下,傾瀉:同理,用于描述雨像連續擊打一樣向下傾注,“The rain was beating down on them.”,雨傾盆而下,打在他們身上,展現了雨勢的猛烈 。
3.毆打某人,打倒:表示通過擊打使某人倒下,“Several kids were beating down an old guy.”,幾個孩子在毆打一位老人,體現了暴力行為 。
4.壓價,殺價:把價格“往下敲擊”,即降低價格,“High prices were beaten down by a flood of imports.”,大量進口商品使高價被壓低,反映了市場價格受供求關系影響而降低的情況 。
5.使倒平,使倒伏:使物體因外力作用而倒下、倒伏,“The wind has beaten the crops down.”,風把莊稼吹倒了,描述了自然現象對農作物的影響 。
(五)bend down:垂下,彎下
“bend”意為彎曲,“bend down”表示身子等往下彎曲,“She bent down to pick it up.”,她彎下腰去撿它,常用于描述人彎腰的動作 。
(六)blow down:(風等)吹倒,被風等吹倒
“blow”是吹的意思,“blow down”指風等強大力量把物體吹倒,“Two huge trees had been blown down in the storm.”,兩棵大樹在暴風雨中被吹倒了,突出風對物體造成的破壞 。
(七)boil down to:意味著,歸結為
“boil”有“煮沸”的含義,從“煮沸減少即濃縮”引申為“意味著,歸結為”,“It all boils down to money in the end.”,最終這一切都歸結于錢,強調在復雜的情況中提煉出關鍵因素 。
(八)break down
(機器、車輛等)損壞,停止運轉:“break”有打破、破壞的意思,“break down”表示機器、車輛等正常狀態被完全打破,“The engine/car broke down.”,發動機/汽車壞了,描述機器設備出現故障無法正常運行的情況 。
(談判、婚姻等)失敗,破裂:用于描述關系、活動等的正常狀態被破壞,“The peace talks have broken down.”,和平談判破裂了,體現了原本的合作或協商無法繼續進行 。
(健康)垮掉,崩潰:指人的健康狀態被破壞,“The woman broke down when the police told her that her son had died.”,當警察告訴這位女士她兒子去世的消息時,她崩潰了,展示了人在遭受重大打擊時的精神和身體狀態 。
(談話、通信等)中斷:表示交流或聯系的正常狀態被打破,“The conversation broke down at this point.”,談話在這時中斷了,強調交流過程中的意外停止 。
瓦解,粉碎:使對抗、阻礙等被完全打破,“They broke down all opposition.”,他們粉碎了所有的反對勢力,突出在沖突或競爭中消除障礙的行為 。
(九)bring down(核心義:bring帶來 + down往下 → 把……往下帶)
拿下來,抬下,運下:“bring”表示帶來,“bring down”即把東西從高處往下帶,“He will need help to bring the piano down.”,他需要幫忙把鋼琴搬下來,描述搬運物體的動作 。
使落下,打倒:使物體或人從高處落下或倒下,“The wind brought down a number of trees.”,風刮倒了一些樹,體現了自然力量對物體的影響 。
降低,減少:把價格、數量等往下帶,即降低或減少,“The supermarket will bring down their prices during the festival.”,超市在節日期間會降價,反映了商業活動中價格的調整 。
使沮喪,使不悅:使某人的情緒低落,“The bad news brought him right down.”,這個壞消息讓他很沮喪,描述情緒受到負面影響的情況 。
使(政府、領導人等)倒臺,打倒,擊敗:使政府、領導人等失去權力或地位,“The national strike brought the government down.”,全國性的罷工使政府倒臺,展示了社會運動對政治局勢的影響 。
使(飛機)降落:引導飛機從空中下降到地面,“The pilot brought the plane down safely.”,飛行員使飛機安全降落,強調飛機著陸的過程 。
(十)calm down:(使)鎮靜下來,平靜下來
“calm”有“(使)平靜,(使)鎮定”的意思,“calm down”表示使情緒往下平靜,“I tried to calm him down after the bad news.”,聽到壞消息后,我試圖讓他平靜下來,常用于安撫他人情緒的場景 。
(十一)cast down
放下:“cast”有“投,扔,拋”的意思,“cast down”即往下扔,“You had better cast down your weapons.”,你最好放下武器,描述放下物品的動作 。
使(眼睛)向下看:將視線往下投,“The girl cast her eyes down shyly.”,女孩害羞地垂下眼睛,體現了人的表情和動作 。
使沮喪,使氣餒(常用于被動語態):好心情被“往下拋掉”,即變得沮喪,“He was much cast down by the bad news about his examination.”,他因考試的壞消息而非常沮喪,表達了負面消息對人的情緒影響 。
(十二)close down(核心義:close關,閉 + down往下 → 關下,關掉……)
(工廠、商店等)關閉,停業,停產:關掉工廠或商店的大門,停止經營活動,“When the factory closed down, many people were out of work.”,工廠關閉后,很多人失業了,反映了經濟活動中的企業倒閉現象 。
(電視臺、電臺等)停止當日的播放:關掉電視臺或電臺當日的信號,“This station is now closing down and we wish you all good night.”,這個電臺現在停止當日播放,祝大家晚安,描述了媒體機構的日常運營結束 。
(十三)come down(核心義:come來 + down向下 → 下來)
降下,掉下:表示物體從高處落下,“The snow came down thick and fast.”,雪下得又密又急,描繪了雪花飄落的情景 。
(物價等)下跌:價格從高位下降,“Prices are much more likely to go up than to come down.”,物價上漲的可能性比下跌大得多,體現了經濟活動中價格的波動 。
落魄,潦倒:形容人的精神狀態或生活狀況變差,“Poor old George has come down in the world since his business failed.”,可憐的老喬治自從生意失敗后就落魄了,描述了人在經歷挫折后的生活變化 。
(十四)come down to(核心義:come來 + down向下 + to到,達 → 向下來到……)
向下達到:物體等向下來到某個位置,“The window came down almost to the ground.”,窗戶幾乎垂到地面,描述物體的位置狀態 。
歸結為,歸根到底是:問題等經過分析總結,最終指向某個關鍵因素,“It all comes down to money in the end.”,最終一切都歸結于錢,強調在復雜情況中找到關鍵要點 。
由上一代傳給下一代:物品、故事等從長輩傳遞到晚輩,“This story has come down to them from their ancestors.”,這個故事是從他們的祖先那里傳下來的,體現了文化、傳統等的傳承 。
(十五)come down with:患(病)
“come”表示來,“come down with”從“帶著……(病)健康下降”引申為“患(病)”,“She came down with a bad cold and was unable to go to school.”,她患了重感冒,不能去上學,描述了生病的情況 。
(十六)cool down
(使)變涼,冷卻:“cool”有冷卻的意思,“cool down”使溫度往下降,“The soup has cooled down.”,湯已經變涼了,描述物體溫度的變化 。
(使)冷靜下來:使怒氣、興奮等情緒冷卻,“She's very angry. Give her some time to cool down.”,她很生氣,給她點時間冷靜一下,用于安撫情緒激動的人 。
變冷淡:使熱情降低,“He used to say he loved me, but recently he seems to have cooled down.”,他過去常說愛我,但最近似乎冷淡了,描述人際關系中情感的變化 。
(十七)count down:(發射火箭等時)倒讀數
“count”是數的意思,“count down”即往下數,常用于火箭發射等場合,“Millions of people saw Apollo 10 being counted down on television.”,數百萬人在電視上看到阿波羅10號發射倒計時,體現了發射前緊張的氛圍 。
(十八)crack down:對……采取嚴厲措施,鎮壓
“crack”有打擊的意思,“crack down”從“往下打擊囂張氣焰”引申為“對……采取嚴厲措施,鎮壓”,“Police are cracking down hard on drug dealers.”,警方正在嚴厲打擊毒販,展示了執法部門的行動 。
(十九)cut down(核心義:cut砍 + down往下 → 把……往下砍)
砍倒,殺死:把樹木等物體往下砍,可引申為殺死,“We had to cut the old tree in our yard down after the storm.”,暴風雨過后,我們不得不把院子里的老樹砍倒,描述對樹木的處理 。
削減,減少:把消費、開支等往下砍,即減少數量或程度,“I'll stop smoking to cut down expenses.”,我要戒煙以減少開支,體現了在生活中節約的行為 。
縮短,改小:把長度、尺寸等往下砍,“The tailor cut the dress down.”,裁縫把裙子改小了,描述對衣物進行修改的動作 。
使當眾出丑,使出洋相,使丟人現眼:把人的尊嚴等往下砍,“He always cuts her down in front of his friends.”,他總是在朋友面前讓她出丑,體現了不尊重他人的行為 。
(二十)damp down
使(火)減弱,熄滅:“damp”有濕氣的意思,“damp down”從“濕氣往下滅火”引申為使火減弱或熄滅,“The fire had been damped down but not extinguished.”,火已經被弄小了,但還沒有熄滅,描述對火勢的控制 。
減弱,抑制:控制某種情緒或情況,使其程度降低,“She tried to damp down her feelings of despair.”,她試圖抑制自己的絕望情緒,體現了對自身情緒的調節 。
(二十一)draw down:拉下,放下
“draw”有拉的意思,“draw down”即往下拉,“It's time to draw down the curtain.”,是時候拉上窗簾了,描述日常生活中的動作 。
(二十二)face down
面朝下,臥倒:“face”是臉的意思,“face down”表示臉往下面朝下、臥倒,“Everybody face down. There are bombs coming over.”,大家都趴下,有炸彈飛過來了,用于危險情況下的指令 。
用目光(氣勢等)壓倒,降服,挫敗:用面部表情或氣勢使對手倒下,“He has to face his opponent down.”,他必須用氣勢壓倒對手,體現了在競爭或對抗中的心理策略 。
(二十三)fall down
突然落下,突然摔倒,坍塌:物體突然掉落或人突然摔倒,建筑物倒塌等,“The bridge fell down with an enormous crash.”,橋轟然倒塌,描述了物體倒塌的情景 。
落下,垂到地面:物體自然地落下并垂到地面,“The willow was falling down.”,柳樹垂下來,描繪了自然景象 。
破爛不堪,搖搖欲墜:形容建筑物等快要塌倒的狀態,“That building is falling down for lack of attention.”,那棟樓因缺乏維護而搖搖欲墜,體現了建筑物的破敗狀況 。
(想法、論點、方法等)站不住腳,說不通:表示某種觀點、理論等存在缺陷,無法成立,“That's where the theory falls down.”,這就是該理論的不足之處,用于評價觀點或理論的合理性 。
(二十四)go down(核心義:go走 + down往下 → 往下走)
(價格、價值、水平、質量等)下降,降低:表示價格、價值等從高到低的變化,“The value of the dollar has gone down again.”,美元的價值又下降了,體現了經濟領域中價值的波動 。
(船)沉沒,(日)落:船下沉、太陽落下,都表示物體向下的運動,“Three ships went down in the storm.”,三艘船在暴風雨中沉沒了,描繪了自然現象和災難場景 。
(二十五)go down with(核心義:go走 + down往下 + with隨著 → 隨著……往下走)
被接受,被認可:印象隨著了解逐漸深入人們心中,從而被接受,“Frank went down well with Linda's parents on his first visit.”,弗蘭克第一次拜訪時就給琳達的父母留下了好印象,描述了人際交往中的印象和認可 。
患病,病倒:身體狀況隨著疾病變差,“They all went down with scarlet fever.”,他們都患上了猩紅熱,體現了生病的情況 。
一、hand down
(一)往下遞,攙…下去
“hand”意為“交,遞,給”,“down”表示“往下”,二者結合表示把東西或人往下傳遞、攙扶 。例如“Please hand down that book to me from the shelf.”,意思是請把書架上的那本書遞給我,描述了在空間上從上至下傳遞物品的動作 。
(二)把…傳下去,繼承
從“hand”的傳遞含義出發,將東西、技術、精神等往下一代傳遞,即“把…傳下去,繼承”。如“These skills have been handed down from generation to generation.”,這些技能一代一代地傳了下來,體現了文化、技藝等在家族或群體中的傳承 。
(三)宣布,公布(決定)
“把決定、判決等往下遞”,意味著向大眾宣告,即“宣布,公布(決定)”。像“The court handed down a sentence of four years on the accused.”,法院對被告宣判了四年徒刑,展示了該短語在法律場景中的運用 。
二、hold down
(一)阻止(物價等)上漲
“hold”有“使保持”之意,“hold down”從“使物價等往下保持著”引申出“阻止(物價等)上漲”的含義。比如“We must try to hold prices down.”,我們必須設法抑制物價上漲,強調對經濟現象的控制 。
(二)壓制,控制
使暴亂、激動等情緒或情況往下保持,也就是“壓制,控制”。“They used even more massive terror to hold down the people.”,他們用更大規模的恐怖手段來壓迫人民,描述了對群體或局面的控制行為 。
(三)保持住(工作等)
“使工作等往下保持著”,表示持續擁有工作等,即“保持住(工作等)”。“He couldn't hold down a job after his breakdown.”,他精神崩潰后就無法保住一份工作了,體現了在職業方面的穩定性 。
三、hunt down
“hunt”是“追趕,追捕”,“down”表示“往下”,合起來表示“對…窮追到底,追捕到”。例如“The police were hunting down the killer.”,警方在追捕那名兇手,突出了追捕的決心和行動 。
四、hurry down
(一)快下(樓)來
“hurry”表示“趕緊,匆忙”,“hurry down”即趕緊往下走,也就是“快下(樓)來”。“Hurry down, Jane. Tea is ready.”,簡,快下樓來,茶準備好了,常用于日常生活中招呼他人下樓的場景 。
(二)沿著…匆忙通過
“趕緊往腳下的路行走”,即“沿著…匆忙通過”。“He walked nervously to the corner and hurried down a side street.”,他緊張地走到街角,然后匆匆沿著一條小巷走去,描繪了人物在街道上的行動狀態 。
五、keep down
(一)使處于低水平,控制,限制,遏制
“keep”是“保持”,“keep down”從“往下保持”引申出“使處于低水平,控制,限制,遏制”的意思。“He couldn't keep down his anger.”,他無法抑制自己的憤怒,體現了對情緒的控制 。
(二)壓制,鎮壓
“往下阻止”不良情況,即“壓制,鎮壓”。“You couldn't keep a good man down.”,你無法壓制一個好人,表達了對正義和力量的肯定 。
六、kneel down
“kneel”表示“跪”,“kneel down”即“跪下,跪著”。“The old woman knelt down to pray.”,那位老婦人跪下祈禱,描述了宗教或表達敬意時的動作 。
七、knock down
(一)擊倒,撞倒
“knock”意為“撞擊”,“knock down”即“擊倒,撞倒”。“He was nearly knocked down by a taxi.”,他差點被一輛出租車撞倒,描述了意外事故中的碰撞情況 。
(二)殺(價),降(價)
“擊倒價格”,也就是降低價格,即“殺(價),降(價)”。“He knocked down the price by ten per cent.”,他把價格降低了10%,體現了商業交易中的價格談判 。
(三)拆除
“擊倒建筑物”,意味著拆除,如“These old houses are to be knocked down.”,這些舊房子將要被拆除,描述了城市建設或改造中的行為 。
八、lay down
(一)放下
“lay”表示“放”,“lay down”即“放下”。“Lay down your arms, or we'll fire.”,放下武器,否則我們就開槍了,常用于命令或威脅的場景 。
(二)規定,制定
“設置下來”規則等,即“規定,制定”。“He has laid down certain conditions which you must follow.”,他制定了一些你必須遵守的條件,體現了規則的設定 。
九、let down
(一)放下,放低,降下
“let”是“使”,“let down”即“使…向下”,表示放下、放低、降下。“She let down the bucket into the well.”,她把水桶放下井去,描述了物體位置的下降 。
(二)使失望
“使心情、期望向下”,即“使失望”。“I’m counting on you to support me; don’t let me down.”,我指望你支持我,別讓我失望,表達了對他人的期望和擔心被辜負的心情 。
(三)使略遜一籌,使美中不足
“使形象向下”,也就是“使略遜一籌,使美中不足”。“His pronunciation lets him down.”,他的發音使他的表現打了折扣,說明發音對整體形象的影響 。
(四)(飛機)(使)下降,降低高度
“使飛機向下”,即“(飛機)(使)下降,降低高度”。“The plane is letting down slowly.”,飛機正在慢慢下降,描述了飛機飛行狀態的變化 。
(五)(輪胎等)放氣
“使輪胎胎身等向下”,意味著放氣。“The naughty boy let down the back tire of my bike.”,那個淘氣的男孩給我的自行車后輪胎放了氣,描述了對輪胎的操作 。
(六)降低(標準,質量等)
“使標準,質量等向下”,即“降低(標準,質量等)”。“We shouldn’t let our product standards down.”,我們不應該降低我們的產品標準,強調了對質量和標準的要求 。
(七)松懈,放松
“使精力、投入等向下”,也就是“松懈,放松”。“Don’t let down even though the going is good.”,即使進展順利也不要松懈,提醒人們保持專注和努力 。
十、lie down
(一)躺著,躺下
“lie”表示“躺”,“lie down”即“躺著,躺下”。“Go and lie down for a while.”,去躺一會兒,用于建議休息的場景 。
(二)屈服,投降
“徹底地躺下”,引申為“屈服,投降”。“No self respecting fighter will lie down under such a defeat.”,沒有自尊的戰士會在這樣的失敗面前屈服,表達了對不屈精神的贊美 。
十一、look down
(一)朝下看
“look”是“看”,“look down”即“朝下看”。“She looked down to hide the shame in her eyes.”,她低下頭,掩飾眼中的羞愧,描述了人物的動作和心理 。
(二)look down on/upon 看不起,輕視
“往下看某人或某事”,引申為“看不起,輕視”。“She has always looked down on us for not having a car.”,她總是因為我們沒有車而看不起我們,體現了不尊重他人的態度 。
十二、mark down
(一)寫下,記下
“mark”表示“做記號”,“mark down”即“往下做記號”,也就是“寫下,記下”。“I marked down the new address of my friend.”,我記下了朋友的新地址,用于記錄信息的場景 。
(二)降低…的價格
“價格標記往下”,即“降低…的價格”。“All goods have been marked down.”,所有商品都降價了,描述了商業促銷活動 。
(三)降低…的分數
“(考試等)分數往下”,也就是“降低…的分數”。“The teacher marked him down for spelling errors.”,老師因為他的拼寫錯誤而扣了他的分,體現了考試評分中的情況 。
十三、move down
(一)從高處移到低處,下移
“move”表示“移動”,“move down”即“往下移動”,也就是“從高處移到低處,下移”。“I watched him move nervously down the slope.”,我看著他緊張地從斜坡上走下來,描述了人物在空間中的移動 。
(二)移動(以騰出空間)
“往下游移動”,引申為“移動(以騰出空間)”。“Can you move down the bus so more people can get on ”,你能往公交車里面挪一挪,讓更多人上車嗎?常用于公共交通場景中 。
(三)(使)降級,(使)降到慢班
“往下一級移動”,即“(使)降級,(使)降到慢班”。“If you don’t work harder, you’ll be moved down.”,如果你不更加努力學習,你就會被降級,強調了學習或工作中的競爭和調整 。
十四、pass down
“pass”是“傳遞”,“pass down”即“往下一個傳遞”,也就是“把…傳下來,使相傳”。“The story was passed down from generation to generation.”,這個故事一代一代地傳了下來,體現了文化傳承 。
十五、pour down
“pour”表示“灌,倒”,“pour down”即“雨像水一樣地往下灌/倒”,也就是“(雨)傾盆而下,傾瀉”。“The rain poured down for two days and nights.”,雨傾盆而下,下了兩天兩夜,描繪了惡劣的天氣狀況 。
十六、pull down
(一)拉下,使地位/位置下降
“pull”是“拉”,“pull down”即“拉下,使地位/位置下降”。“They have pulled the big tree down.”,他們把那棵大樹拉倒了,描述了對物體的動作 。
(二)拆毀,拉倒
“把建筑物拉下”,也就是“拆毀,拉倒”。“It is easier to pull down than to build up.”,拆毀比建造容易,體現了建設和破壞的對比 。
(三)(疾病)使虛弱
“疾病把人拉倒”,即“(疾病)使虛弱”。“This illness has pulled him down.”,這場病把他拖垮了,描述了疾病對人的影響 。
十七、put down
(一)放下
“put”表示“放”,“put down”即“把…往下放”,也就是“放下”。“Put down that knife before you hurt somebody!”,在傷到別人之前放下那把刀,用于警告或制止的場景 。
(二)寫下
“把筆尖往下放”,引申為“寫下”。“Please put down your name and dress.”,請寫下你的姓名和穿著,用于記錄信息的要求 。
(三)鎮壓,平息(叛亂、暴亂等)
“把叛亂、暴亂的氣焰往下放”,即“鎮壓,平息(叛亂、暴亂等)”。“The troops were called out to put down the disturbance.”,部隊被調去平息騷亂,描述了維護社會秩序的行動 。
(四)讓(某人)下車
“把人從車上往下放”,也就是“讓(某人)下車”。“The bus stopped to put down some passengers.”,公交車停下來讓一些乘客下車,用于交通場景 。
(五)批評,貶低,羞辱
“把人的臉面往下放”,即“批評,貶低,羞辱”。“She is always putting me down in front of other people.”,她總是在別人面前貶低我,體現了不友善的行為 。
十八、settle down
(一)定居下來,過安定的生活
“settle”有“安家,定居”之意,“settle down”即“定居下來,過安定的生活”。“Mary hoped to settle down in this country.”,瑪麗希望在這個國家定居下來,表達了對生活狀態的期望 。
(二)平靜下來
“settle”表示“平靜”,“settle down”即“平靜下來”。“Things have settled down.”,事情已經平靜下來了,描述了局面或情緒的變化 。
十九、shake down
(一)敲詐,勒索
“shake”是“搖動”,“shake down”從“使用威脅等從別人身上搖下錢”引申出“敲詐,勒索”的含義。“Two men tried to shake him down for $5,000.”,兩個人試圖敲詐他5000美元,描述了不良行為 。
(二)徹底搜查
“把整個房子都搖下來”,引申為“徹底搜查”。“Police shook the club down, looking for narcotics.”,警方徹底搜查了俱樂部,尋找毒品,體現了執法行動 。
二十、shoot down
(一)擊落,擊斃
“shoot”表示“射擊”,“shoot down”即“射擊使之往下,射下”,也就是“擊落,擊斃”。“The enemy claimed to have shot down 22 of our planes.”,敵人聲稱擊落了我們22架飛機,描述了戰爭場景中的戰斗行為 。
(二)駁倒
“觀點、理論等被擊落”,引申為“駁倒”。“His latest theories have been shot down in flames by the experts.”,他最新的理論被專家們批駁得一文不值,體現了學術討論中的觀點碰撞 。
二十一、shout down
“shout”是“呼喊”,“shout down”從“大聲呼喊使其聲音倒下”引申出“用叫喊聲淹沒(或壓倒)”的意思。“The crowd shouted the speaker down.”,人群的呼喊聲淹沒了演講者的聲音,描述了公共場合中的場景 。
二十二、shut down
“shut”表示“關,閉”,“shut down”即“關下工廠或店鋪的大門”,也就是“(使)關閉/停工”。“A strike has shut down several car factories.”,罷工使幾家汽車工廠停工,體現了工業生產中的情況 。
二十三、sit down
(一)(使)坐下,(使)就座
“sit”表示“坐,就座”,“sit down”即“(使)坐下,(使)就座”。“Sit down, please.”,請坐,常用于禮貌的邀請 。
(二)坐下來全神貫注(做某事)
“坐下認真做某事”,也就是“坐下來全神貫注(做某事)”。“We’ve never actually sat down and talked the problems through.”,我們實際上從未坐下來認真地把這些問題談清楚,描述了做事的態度和方式 。
(三)(與某人)會面,面談,會晤
“坐下面談”,即“(與某人)會面,面談,會晤”。“If you’re feeling undervalued, it might be a good idea to sit down with your boss and talk about it.”,如果你覺得自己被低估了,和你的老板坐下來談一談可能是個好主意,體現了溝通和交流的場景 。
高中英語 “down” 短語動詞匯總解析
在高中英語學習中,“down” 與不同動詞搭配形成了豐富多樣的短語動詞,這些短語動詞在語義和用法上各有特點,主要圍繞 “down” 的 “向下”“由高到低”“緊緊地” 等含義展開。以下是對常見 “down” 短語動詞的詳細介紹。
一、表示 “退出、退位” 相關
stand down
從席位或職位上往下站,即 “退出(比賽或競選),(從某職位上)退下” 。例如 “Two of candidates have stood down.”,意思是有兩位候選人已經退出 。
step down/aside
從職位上走下來,也就是 “讓位,辭職” 。如 “When the judge became ill, he had to step down.”,當法官生病時,他不得不辭職 。
二、表達 “說話方式” 相關
talk down to
朝……以下的口吻說,即 “以居高臨下的口氣說話” 。“He was always talking down to us like we were idiots.”,他總是以居高臨下的口氣跟我們說話,好像我們是白癡一樣 。
三、涉及 “拆除、撕下” 動作相關
tear down
把……往下撕,有 “撕下來,扯下來” 和 “拆掉,拆除” 兩個意思。前者如 “He tore down the enemy’s flag.”,他扯下了敵人的旗幟;后者如 “Did they tear the building down ”,他們把那棟建筑物拆除了嗎 ?
四、關于 “緩和、柔和” 之意相關
tone down
把講話、意見往下壓可 “使緩和,使溫和” ,把顏色往下調則 “使(顏色)柔和” 。比如 “When the girls arrived, he toned down his language.”,女孩們到了之后,他說話語氣變得溫和了;“She wanted the bright colors in the room toned down.”,她希望房間里鮮艷的顏色能柔和一些 。
五、與 “降落、追蹤” 動作相關
touch down
飛機、航天器等往地面接觸,即 “(飛機、航天器等)降落,著陸” 。“The plane touched down safely at Kennedy Airport at about midday.”,飛機大約在中午時分安全降落在肯尼迪機場 。
track down
足跡、車轍、蹤跡等往腳下延伸,也就是 “跟蹤找到,追查到” 。“The police have tracked down the escaped convict.”,警方已經追查到了那個逃犯 。
六、有關 “沖洗、稀釋” 動作相關
wash down
把臟東西洗下去,即 “沖洗” 。“He is washing down his car.”,他在沖洗他的汽車 。
water down
水往下倒,有 “加水沖淡,摻水稀釋(液體)” 和 “減弱(語氣、調子等),使(講話、文章等)緩和” 兩個義項。例如 “The honey has been watered down.”,蜂蜜被摻水稀釋了;“He watered down his speech to avoid giving offence.”,他緩和了講話的語氣以避免冒犯他人 。
七、表示 “抹干、抄寫” 動作相關
wipe down
徹底地擦,即 “(用濕布)抹干凈,擦干凈” 。“The girls took it in turn to wipe down the tables after meals.”,女孩們飯后輪流擦桌子 。
copy down
抄寫向下,也就是 “抄下,寫下” 。“The reporter copied down every word spoken by the Prime Minister.”,記者把首相說的每一個字都抄了下來 。
八、“get down” 的多義解析
(從… )下來
使人向下,即 “(從… )下來” 。“A man escaped from the burning building by getting down a ladder.”,一名男子通過順著梯子往下爬,從著火的建筑物里逃了出來 。
寫下
使筆向下,也就是 “寫下” 。“Get down these notes quickly.”,快把這些筆記記下來 。
使沮喪
使心情向下,即 “使沮喪” 。“Low grades are getting Helen down.”,低分數讓海倫很沮喪 。
(to)開始認真做(某事)
使頭向下,類似于漢語 “埋頭苦干”,即 “(to)開始認真做(某事)” 。“You must get down to your studies this year.”,你今年必須開始認真學習 。
九、“記錄、寫下” 相關短語
note down
記錄向下,即 “記下,寫下” 。“He noted every word I said.”,他把我說的每一個字都記了下來 。
set down
有 “放下,卸下,下車” 和 “記下,寫下” 兩個意思。前者如 “He set me down at the station.”,他讓我在車站下了車;后者如 “I’ll set down what he said at the meeting.”,我會把他在會議上說的話記下來 。
take down
拿下,取下引申為 “拆,拆卸” ,記錄向下表示 “記下,寫下” 。例如 “Please take down the old picture.”,請把那幅舊畫取下來;“The reporters took down the speech.”,記者們把演講內容記了下來 。
write down
寫向下,即 “記下,寫下” 。“Please write down the driver’s name and dress.”,請寫下司機的姓名和穿著 。
十、體現 “由高到低、由強到弱” 變化相關
burn down
燃燒向下,有 “燒毀” 和 “(火力)減弱” 兩個義項。如 “The city was burnt down by the enemy.”,這座城市被敵人燒毀了;“Let’s leave the fire to burn down and go into our tent.”,咱們等火小一些就進帳篷 。
die down
消失由強到弱,即 “(物質特性和感情等)逐漸減弱,逐漸平息” 。“The fire/wind is dying down.”,火 / 風漸漸小了;“The excitement soon died down.”,興奮的情緒很快就平息了 。
play down
由高到低地播放,低調處理,即 “降低…的重要性,貶低” 。“She tried to play down his part in the affair and play up her own.”,她試圖貶低他在這件事中的作用,夸大自己的作用 。
run down
有 “往下跑,從…跑下來”“往下流,從…流下”“說…壞話,貶低”“停止運轉,耗盡”“(使)逐漸停產,(使)逐漸減少”“撞倒,撞沉”“抓到,找到” 等多個意思。例如 “The old man walked down the mountain while the children ran down.”,老人慢慢走下山,孩子們則跑了下來;“The water ran down steadily.”,水不停地往下流;“He’s always running me down in front of my neighbours.”,他總是在鄰居面前說我的壞話;“The batteries have run down.”,電池沒電了;“The coal industry is running down.”,煤炭行業正在逐漸衰落;“He was almost run down by a bus.”,他差點被一輛公共汽車撞倒;“They ran down the thief just outside the town.”,他們就在鎮外抓到了那個小偷 。
slim down
變苗條由大到小,有 “(靠節食等)變苗條,減肥,瘦身” 和 “精簡(機構),裁減(人員),減少(崗位)” 兩個意思。如 “She slimmed down to 50 kilos before her wedding.”,她在結婚前減肥減到了 50 公斤;“The corporation needs slimming down its workforce.”,這家公司需要裁減員工 。
slow down
慢下來由高到低,即 “放慢,減速” 。“You have to slow down your car at the crossing.”,你在十字路口得把車速放慢 。
turn down
旋轉由高到低,有 “關小,調低” 和 “拒絕(請求等)” 兩個義項。例如 “Please turn down the gas.”,請把煤氣關小一點;“His book has been turned down by the publishers.”,他的書被出版商拒絕了 。
十一、表示 “緊緊地,牢牢地” 相關
chain down
用鏈條拴住緊緊地,即 “鏈住,拴住” 。“Don’t worry about the heavy load; it is chained down.”,別擔心重物,它已經被拴好了 。
hammer down
錘擊,錘打緊緊地,即 “釘牢” 。“The cover was hammered down now.”,蓋子現在已經釘牢了 。
nail down
有 “釘住,釘牢” 和 “確定,明確” 兩個意思。前者如 “If the corner of the carpet curls up, nail it down.”,如果地毯角卷起來了,就把它釘住;后者如 “Can we nail the concept down a little more precisely ”,我們能更精確地明確一下這個概念嗎 ?
tie down
有 “拴住,捆住” 和 “牽制,束縛” 兩個義項。例如 “Help me tie this lid down.”,幫我把這個蓋子捆住;“The new baby tied her down.”,新生的寶寶把她給拴住了(讓她無法自由行動) 。
故事法巧記短語
### 故事一:拯救小鎮的神秘力量
In a small and peaceful town, strange things started to happen. The weather turned bad, with the sun beating down ((陽光)暴曬,直射) mercilessly during the day and heavy rain pouring down ((雨)傾盆而下,傾瀉) at night. Crops were being beaten down (使倒平,使倒伏) by the strong wind, and people were worried.
One day, a young adventurer named Lily came to the town. She heard about the problems and decided to help. First, she tried to calm down ((使)鎮靜下來,平靜下來) the frightened villagers. "Don't worry," she said. "We'll find a way to fix this."
Lily knew she had to find the source of these strange events. She started to explore the outskirts of the town. As she walked, she noticed that some old buildings were falling down (破爛不堪,搖搖欲墜). She thought there might be a connection.
Suddenly, she saw a dark figure moving in an abandoned house. She followed it carefully. Inside the house, she found a mysterious crystal. Just as she picked it up, the figure attacked her. Lily was scared but she didn't back down (放棄,后退,屈服). She fought back and managed to face down (用目光(氣勢等)壓倒,降服,挫敗) the figure. It turned out to be a mischievous goblin.
The goblin had been using the crystal to cause the chaos. Lily took the crystal and tried to figure out how to stop its power. She remembered an old legend that said the crystal could be controlled if it was placed in a special cave.
She set off to find the cave. The journey was tough, but she didn't give up. Finally, she found the cave and placed the crystal inside. As she did, the strange weather started to calm down. The sun stopped beating down so harshly, and the rain eased off.
The villagers were overjoyed. They thanked Lily for her bravery. From then on, the town returned to its peaceful state, and Lily became a hero. Her story was passed down (把…傳下來,使相傳) from generation to generation as a reminder of the power of courage.
**中文翻譯**:在一個寧靜的小鎮上,奇怪的事情開始發生。天氣變得很糟糕,白天烈日無情地暴曬,夜晚大雨傾盆而下。莊稼被強風刮倒,人們憂心忡忡。
一天,一位名叫莉莉的年輕冒險家來到了這個小鎮。她聽說了這些問題,決定幫忙。首先,她試圖讓受驚的村民們平靜下來。“別擔心,” 她說,“我們會找到解決辦法的。”
莉莉知道她必須找到這些奇怪事件的源頭。她開始探索小鎮的郊外。走著走著,她注意到一些老建筑搖搖欲墜。她覺得這之間可能有聯系。
突然,她看到一個黑影在一所廢棄的房子里移動。她小心翼翼地跟了上去。在房子里,她發現了一塊神秘的水晶。就在她撿起水晶的時候,那個黑影襲擊了她。莉莉很害怕,但她沒有退縮。她反擊并成功地用氣勢壓倒了那個黑影。原來是一個調皮的小妖精。
這個小妖精一直在用這塊水晶制造混亂。莉莉拿走了水晶,試圖弄清楚如何阻止它的力量。她想起了一個古老的傳說,說如果把水晶放在一個特殊的洞穴里,就能控制它。
她出發去尋找那個洞穴。旅程很艱難,但她沒有放棄。最后,她找到了洞穴并把水晶放了進去。就在她這么做的時候,奇怪的天氣開始平靜下來。太陽不再那么毒辣地暴曬,雨也變小了。
村民們欣喜若狂。他們感謝莉莉的勇敢。從那以后,小鎮恢復了平靜,莉莉成了英雄。她的故事代代相傳,提醒著人們勇氣的力量。
### 故事二:校園才藝秀的挑戰
There was a big talent show coming up at school, and everyone was excited. Tom really wanted to participate. He had been practicing his magic tricks for weeks, hoping to shine on stage.
However, on the day of the audition, things didn't go as planned. When it was his turn, he was so nervous that his hands were shaking. He tried to calm himself down ((使)鎮靜下來,平靜下來), but it didn't work. He made some mistakes during his performance, and his magic tricks didn't turn out well.
After the audition, Tom was really disappointed. He felt like he had let himself down (使失望). His friends tried to cheer him up, but he was still in a bad mood. He started to think that he wasn't good enough and that he should give up.
But then, his teacher, Mr. Smith, came to talk to him. "Tom, don't be so hard on yourself," he said. "Everyone makes mistakes. You just need to learn from this experience and keep going." Mr. Smith's words gave Tom the courage to face his failure.
Tom decided to work harder. He spent every spare minute practicing his magic. He watched videos of famous magicians and learned new techniques. He didn't let his previous failure bring him down (使沮喪,使不悅).
Finally, the day of the talent show arrived. Tom was still a bit nervous, but he took a deep breath and walked onto the stage. This time, he performed perfectly. His magic tricks were amazing, and the audience was impressed. They cheered and clapped loudly.
After the show, Tom felt a great sense of achievement. He had overcome his fear and proved himself. His friends congratulated him, and he knew that all his hard work had paid off. From this experience, Tom learned that no matter how difficult things seem, if you don't give up and keep working hard, you can succeed. And he also learned not to look down on (看不起,輕視) himself when faced with failure.
**中文翻譯**:學校即將舉辦一場大型才藝秀,每個人都很興奮。湯姆非常想參加。他已經練習魔術好幾個星期了,希望能在舞臺上大放異彩。
然而,在試鏡那天,事情并沒有按計劃進行。輪到他的時候,他緊張得手都在發抖。他試圖讓自己平靜下來,但沒有成功。他在表演中犯了一些錯誤,魔術效果也不好。
試鏡結束后,湯姆非常失望。他覺得自己讓自己失望了。他的朋友們試圖讓他振作起來,但他仍然情緒低落。他開始覺得自己不夠好,應該放棄。
但是后來,他的老師史密斯先生來和他談話。“湯姆,別對自己太苛刻了,” 他說,“每個人都會犯錯。你只需要從這次經歷中吸取教訓,繼續努力。” 史密斯先生的話給了湯姆面對失敗的勇氣。
湯姆決定更加努力。他把每一分空閑時間都用來練習魔術。他觀看著名魔術師的視頻,學習新技巧。他沒有讓之前的失敗使自己沮喪。
最后,才藝秀的日子到了。湯姆還是有點緊張,但他深吸一口氣,走上了舞臺。這次,他表演得非常完美。他的魔術令人驚嘆,觀眾們印象深刻。他們歡呼鼓掌。
表演結束后,湯姆感到一種巨大的成就感。他克服了恐懼,證明了自己。他的朋友們向他祝賀,他知道自己所有的努力都得到了回報。從這次經歷中,湯姆明白了無論事情看起來多么困難,只要不放棄,繼續努力,就能夠成功。他也學會了在面對失敗時不要輕視自己。
### 故事三:小鎮的寶藏傳說
In a small town, there was an old legend about a hidden treasure. A group of friends, including Jack, Lucy, and Mark, decided to find it during their summer vacation.
They started their adventure by following an old map. As they walked through the forest, they had to be careful because the path was slippery. Jack almost fell down (突然落下,突然摔倒) once, but Lucy quickly grabbed his hand and helped him stand up.
After a long walk, they came to an old temple. The temple looked ancient and mysterious. They entered the temple and found some strange symbols on the walls. Mark took out a notebook and marked down (寫下,記下) the symbols, hoping they would be a clue to the treasure.
Suddenly, they heard a loud noise. It was a big snake! The snake was hissing and seemed angry. They were scared, but they didn't run away. Lucy tried to calm the snake down ((使)鎮靜下來,平靜下來) by speaking softly, but it didn't work.
Jack picked up a stick and was ready to fight. He knew he had to face down (用目光(氣勢等)壓倒,降服,挫敗) the snake to protect his friends. Just as the snake was about to attack, Mark found a small hole in the wall. He suggested they hide in it.
They quickly moved down (從高處移到低處,下移) into the hole and waited for the snake to leave. After a while, the snake slithered away. They came out of the hole and continued their search.
Finally, they found a secret room. Inside the room, there was a big chest. They were excited, thinking it was the treasure chest. But when they opened it, they found only some old books. They were a bit disappointed, but they still took the books as a valuable find.
On their way back, they talked about their adventure. They realized that the journey itself was more important than the treasure. They decided to keep the old books and pass them down (把…傳下來,使相傳) in their families as a memory of this exciting adventure.
**中文翻譯**:在一個小鎮上,有一個關于隱藏寶藏的古老傳說。一群朋友,包括杰克、露西和馬克,決定在暑假去尋找它。
他們按照一張舊地圖開始了冒險。當他們穿過森林時,必須小心,因為路很滑。杰克有一次差點摔倒,但露西迅速抓住他的手,幫他站穩了。
走了很長一段路后,他們來到了一座古老的寺廟。寺廟看起來古老而神秘。他們進入寺廟,發現墻上有一些奇怪的符號。馬克拿出筆記本,記下了這些符號,希望它們能成為找到寶藏的線索。
突然,他們聽到一聲巨響。是一條大蛇!蛇發出嘶嘶聲,看起來很生氣。他們很害怕,但沒有逃跑。露西試圖輕聲說話讓蛇平靜下來,但沒有成功。
杰克撿起一根棍子,準備戰斗。他知道他必須用氣勢壓倒蛇來保護他的朋友。就在蛇要攻擊的時候,馬克發現墻上有一個小洞。他建議他們躲進去。
他們迅速鉆進洞里,等待蛇離開。過了一會兒,蛇爬走了。他們從洞里出來,繼續尋找。
最后,他們發現了一個密室。在密室里,有一個大箱子。他們很興奮,以為這就是寶箱。但當他們打開它時,只發現了一些舊書。他們有點失望,但仍然把這些書當作有價值的發現帶走了。
在回去的路上,他們談論著他們的冒險。他們意識到旅程本身比寶藏更重要。他們決定保留這些舊書,并在家族中代代相傳,作為這次激動人心的冒險的紀念。
21世紀教育網 www.21cnjy.com 精品試卷·第 2 頁 (共 2 頁)

展開更多......

收起↑

資源預覽

<pre id="tfb94"><li id="tfb94"></li></pre>

<bdo id="tfb94"><rt id="tfb94"></rt></bdo>
  • <menu id="tfb94"><dl id="tfb94"></dl></menu><i id="tfb94"><acronym id="tfb94"><sub id="tfb94"></sub></acronym></i>

    1. 主站蜘蛛池模板: 衡东县| 永平县| 师宗县| 永济市| 西畴县| 盘锦市| 卢湾区| 湖口县| 尚志市| 孟津县| 合川市| 蒙城县| 阿瓦提县| 沈丘县| 浪卡子县| 望江县| 濮阳县| 冕宁县| 泽普县| 黔东| 文化| 鲁甸县| 三穗县| 龙里县| 新化县| 徐汇区| 张北县| 松潘县| 芜湖县| 会宁县| 阳春市| 镇赉县| 本溪| 嵊泗县| 无极县| 句容市| 江永县| 常德市| 邳州市| 大城县| 宁晋县|