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V + at短語動詞
“at”（prep.）的核心義是“在……（表示某事物在空間上的具體位置）” ，如“They live at 18 Victoria Street.”（他們住在維多利亞街18號。）在此基礎上，引申出“向，朝”等含義，形成了豐富的短語動詞。
（一）jump at
1.撲向，躍向：描述動物或人快速朝某個方向跳躍、撲擊的動作。“Stop your dog jumping at me.”（別讓你的狗朝我撲過來。）“jump at”在這里展現(xiàn)了動物的攻擊或接近行為 。
2.欣然接受，迫不及待地接受：當面對機會或提議時，如果非常積極地接受，就用這個含義?！癝he jumped at the chance of a trip to London.”（她欣然接受了去倫敦旅行的機會。）體現(xiàn)了對機會的渴望和積極回應 。
3.尖銳批評，厲聲斥責：在情緒激動時，對他人進行嚴厲的批評。“Why do you always jump at me all the time when you are angry ”（你為什么一生氣就總是對我大發(fā)雷霆？）這里“jump at”表達了憤怒時的嚴厲指責 。
（二）aim at/for
瞄準，對準：在射擊、投擲等活動中，確定目標方向?！癆im at the red circle.”（瞄準那個紅圈。）“aim at”明確了動作的目標方向 。
旨在，力求，立志要：表達個人的目標、志向或努力的方向?！癟he boy aims at becoming a writer.”（這個男孩立志成為一名作家。）體現(xiàn)了內(nèi)心追求的目標 。
（三）be at：忙于，專注于
表示某人正在投入精力做某事?！癏e is at this job day and night.”（他日夜都在忙于這項工作。）突出了專注于某項工作的狀態(tài) 。
（四）catch at：試圖抓住，拼命抓
在緊急或想要獲取某物的情況下，做出抓取的動作?！癟he drowning man tried to catch at a branch but couldn't reach.”（溺水的人試圖抓住一根樹枝，但夠不著。）描繪了人在危險中求生的動作 。
（五）claw at：（用爪子或指甲）抓、撕
常用于描述動物用爪子或人用指甲進行抓、撕的動作。“The cat was clawing at the door.”（貓在抓門。）形象地展現(xiàn)了動物的行為 。
（六）come at
攻擊，襲擊，沖向：描述野獸、暴力等向某人或某物發(fā)起進攻。“If any beast comes at you, I'll help you.”（如果有野獸向你撲來，我會幫你。）體現(xiàn)了危險情境下的攻擊行為 。
達到，夠得著：表示手、腳等能夠觸及到某個物體?！癙lace the medicines where the kids can't come at it.”（把藥放在孩子們夠不著的地方。）強調(diào)物體的可及性 。
獲得，了解，掌握：經(jīng)過努力，在認知或獲取方面取得成果?！癐t was a long time before we came at the truth of the murder.”（過了很長時間我們才了解到謀殺案的真相。）體現(xiàn)了對信息或知識的獲取 。
（七）cut at：向……猛擊，向……亂砍
描述用工具進行猛烈砍擊的動作?！癟he farmer cut at the snake with a stick.”（農(nóng)夫用棍子朝蛇猛擊。）突出了動作的猛烈和攻擊性 。
（八）drive at：想說，打算（只用于進行時，并且是帶what的直接或間接疑問句）
用于詢問對方的意圖或想法?！癢hat on earth are you driving at ”（你到底是什么意思？）這種表達方式用于探尋對方話語背后的真實意圖 。
（九）fly at
撲向，猛擊：形容動物或人快速地沖向目標并發(fā)起攻擊?！癟he cat flew at the mouse.”（貓撲向了老鼠。）生動地描繪了動物的捕食動作 。
痛斥，發(fā)怒，責罵：在情緒激動時，對他人進行嚴厲的指責。“She flew at me for being late.”（她因為我遲到而對我大發(fā)雷霆。）體現(xiàn)了憤怒時的責罵行為 。
（十）get at
夠得著，觸及，到達：表示能夠接觸到或到達某個地方或物體?！癐 can't get at the tools on the shelf.”（我夠不著架子上的工具。）強調(diào)物體的可及性問題 。
意指，意思是：用于詢問對方話語的含義。“What exactly are you getting at ”（你到底是什么意思？）幫助理解對方話語的真正意圖 。
獲悉，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)，弄清：通過調(diào)查或努力獲取信息。“Somehow or other, I'll get at the truth.”（不管怎樣，我會查明真相的。）體現(xiàn)了對信息的探尋和獲取 。
指責，責備，批評：對他人進行言語上的批評?！癏e's always getting at me for one thing or another.”（他總是為了這樣那樣的事指責我。）表達了不滿和批評的態(tài)度 。
賄賂，收買，威逼利誘：通過不正當手段影響他人?！癘ne of the witnesses had been got at.”（有一個證人被收買了。）揭示了不良行為 。
（十一）go at
攻擊，撲向，打：描述動物或人發(fā)起攻擊的動作?！癟he dog and the cat are going at each other again.”（狗和貓又打起來了。）體現(xiàn)了沖突和攻擊行為 。
著手做，努力做：表示開始并專注于做某事。“The students are really going at their studies now that the examinations are near.”（考試臨近了，學生們真的在努力學習。）突出了為完成任務而付出努力的狀態(tài) 。
（十二）keep at：（使）繼續(xù)努力，堅持干
鼓勵或要求某人持續(xù)做某事?！癒eep at it, you're nearly finished.”（堅持下去，你快完成了。）表達了對他人繼續(xù)努力的督促和鼓勵 。
（十三）laugh at
因……而笑：因為有趣的事情而發(fā)笑?！癟hey laughed at the joke very heartily.”（他們聽了這個笑話開懷大笑。）體現(xiàn)了因有趣事物引發(fā)的正常笑的反應 。
嘲笑，譏笑，取笑：以不尊重的方式對他人進行嘲笑?！癟hey are laughing at my accent.”（他們在嘲笑我的口音。）帶有負面的情感色彩 。
漠視，輕視，對……不以為意：對某些事物不重視或不在意?！癟he daring climbers laugh at danger.”（勇敢的登山者對危險滿不在乎。）展示了一種對危險等事物的輕視態(tài)度 。
（十四）look at
看，朝……看：最基本的含義，將目光投向某個方向?！癢hat are you looking at ”（你在看什么？）用于詢問對方的目光焦點 。
仔細察看，檢查：為了獲取更多信息或檢查事物的狀況而仔細觀察?！癥ou should get the doctor to look at that cut.”（你應該讓醫(yī)生檢查一下那個傷口。）體現(xiàn)了仔細查看以了解情況的行為 。
考慮，研究：對某個問題或事物進行思考和研究。“The new design needs to be looked at.”（新設計需要研究一下。）表達了對事物進行深入思考和分析的含義 。
看待，認為：表達對事物的觀點和看法?！癏appiness depends on how you look at life.”（幸福取決于你如何看待生活。）體現(xiàn)了個人對事物的主觀認知 。
（十五）pick at
吃一點點，無食欲地吃：描述吃東西時吃得很少，沒有食欲的狀態(tài)?！癏e was not very hungry, and just picked at the food on his plate.”（他不太餓，只是隨便吃了幾口盤子里的食物。）體現(xiàn)了進食時的狀態(tài) 。
用手指抓，扯：用手指進行抓、扯的動作?！癉o stop picking at that scab or the cut will never heal.”（別再摳那個痂了，不然傷口永遠不會好。）突出了手指的動作 。
挑剔，找茬：對他人或事物過分挑毛病。“Stop picking at me! Why should I get the blame for everything ”（別再挑我的刺了！為什么什么事都要怪我？）表達了對他人挑剔行為的不滿 。
（十六）play at
玩，做（游戲等），假扮……玩：用于描述孩子們進行游戲的場景?！癕any children are playing at hide and seek in the garden.”（許多孩子在花園里玩捉迷藏。）體現(xiàn)了游戲和假扮的行為 。
敷衍，應付：對待事情不認真，只是表面上做做樣子?！癏e just plays at being a writer.”（他只是裝裝樣子當作家。）表達了對做事態(tài)度不認真的批評 。
（十七）point at：把……對準
將物體或身體部位指向某個方向或目標?！癟he hunter pointed his gun at the rabbit.”（獵人把槍對準了兔子。）突出了目標的指向性 。
（十八）pull at
猛拉，猛扯：用力拉某個物體?！癝top pulling at my skirt. I'm coming.”（別扯我的裙子了。我來了。）體現(xiàn)了用力拉的動作 。
抽（煙），吸（煙斗）：描述抽煙或煙斗的動作?！癝tephen pulled at his pipe while he considered what decision to make.”（斯蒂芬一邊抽著煙斗，一邊考慮做什么決定。）展示了抽煙斗時的動作 。
（十九）put at：估計，估量，估算
對數(shù)量、價值等進行大致的推測。“The cost of the project is put at two million pounds.”（這個項目的成本估計為200萬英鎊。）體現(xiàn)了對數(shù)值的預估 。
（二十）run at
向……撲去，攻擊……：描述快速沖向目標并發(fā)起攻擊的動作?！癟he dog ran at the visitor and bit him.”（狗沖向訪客并咬了他。）展示了動物的攻擊行為 。
達到，接近（某種水平或比率）：用于描述數(shù)值或情況達到一定的程度?！癐nterest rates were running at record levels.”（利率達到了創(chuàng)紀錄的水平。）體現(xiàn)了數(shù)值的變化和達到的狀態(tài) 。
（二十一）shoot at
對準……射擊，向……射擊：在射擊場景中，確定射擊的目標?！癏e shot at a bird but missed it.”（他朝一只鳥開槍，但沒打中。）突出了射擊的動作和目標 。
力爭達到，努力獲取：將目標視為射擊的對象，努力去實現(xiàn)?！癟hey are shooting at new goals.”（他們在努力實現(xiàn)新目標。）表達了為實現(xiàn)目標而努力的含義 。
（二十二）shout at：對……大聲說，對……大喊
在情緒激動或需要引起對方注意時，大聲說話?！癉on't shout at me. It's not my fault.”（別對我大喊大叫。這不是我的錯。）體現(xiàn)了情緒和言語的表達 。
（二十三）stick at
堅持干，繼續(xù)努力做：鼓勵在面對困難時不放棄，持續(xù)努力?！癓earning any skill is largely a matter of sticking at it until you can do it better.”（學習任何技能在很大程度上都需要堅持，直到你能做得更好。）強調(diào)堅持的重要性 。
顧忌……，對……猶豫（常用于否定句）：表示在做某事時有所顧慮。“He wouldn't stick at cheating to get what he wanted.”（為了得到他想要的東西，他會不擇手段。）體現(xiàn)了在道德或行為準則方面的態(tài)度 。
（二十四）strike at
向……打，向……擊去：用手、工具等向目標發(fā)起攻擊?！癝he screamed and struck at the bear with a stick.”（她尖叫著用棍子向熊打去。）展示了攻擊的動作 。
攻擊，抨擊：用言語或文字對他人或事物進行批評?！癕any newspapers struck at his latest speech.”（許多報紙對他最近的演講進行了抨擊。）體現(xiàn)了批評和攻擊的含義 。
（二十五）talk at：對某人大發(fā)議論
不顧對方反應，自顧自地對某人發(fā)表長篇大論。“I don't like the way he talks at me.”（我不喜歡他對我大發(fā)議論的樣子。）表達了對這種交流方式的不滿 。
（二十六）tear at：猛力撕扯，用力撕打
用很大的力氣進行撕扯或打斗。“The children were screaming and tearing at each other's hair.”（孩子們尖叫著，互相撕扯著頭發(fā)。）形象地描繪了激烈的沖突場景 。
（二十七） throw at
猛地撲向，沖向
詞源邏輯：“throw” 有 “投，擲，拋” 之意，“at” 表示 “向，朝”，組合起來從 “暴力、襲擊等朝…投去” 引申出 “猛地撲向，沖向” 的含義。
例句：“The dogs threw themselves at the gate.”，意思是狗猛地沖向大門，形象地描繪出狗的激烈動作 。
對…大獻殷勤，拼命討好
詞源邏輯：由 “throw”（投，擲，拋）和 “at”（向，朝），從 “把心拋向某人” 衍生出此含義。
例句：“Everyone could see that she was just throwing herself at him.”，表明大家都看得出她在拼命討好他 。
touch at (船)靠岸，短暫?？?br/>詞源邏輯：“touch” 是 “接觸”，“at” 為 “向，朝”，“船朝口岸接觸” 進而得出 “(船)靠岸，短暫停靠” 的意思。
例句：“Our ship touched at several ports on the return voyage.”，即我們的船在返航途中在幾個港口?？浚枋隽舜暮叫型？壳闆r 。
train at (槍、炮、相機)對準，瞄準
詞源邏輯：“train” 有 “訓練” 之意，“at” 表示 “向，朝”，從 “朝目標物訓練” 引申出此義。
例句：“His gun was trained at me.”，說明他用槍瞄準了我，體現(xiàn)了該短語在實際場景中的應用 。
wave at/to (向某人)揮手示意，揮臂致意
詞源邏輯：“wave” 是 “揮手”，“at/to” 表示 “向”，所以組合起來就是 “向(某人)揮手示意，揮臂致意”。
例句：“Paul waved at us.”，意思是保羅向我們揮手，展示了日常打招呼的場景 。
wonder at 對…感到驚訝，對…感到詫異
詞源邏輯：“wonder” 表示 “驚訝”，“at” 為 “向，朝”，從 “驚訝的表情朝向…” 引申出此含義。
例句：“I wonder at his rudeness.”，即我對他的粗魯感到驚訝，表達了對某種行為的情感反應 。
work at從事于，致力于
詞源邏輯：“work” 是 “工作”，“at” 表示 “向，朝”，“朝…工作著” 從而得出 “從事于，致力于” 的意思。
例句：“You will never learn English well, unless you work at it.”，強調(diào)除非致力于學習英語，否則學不好，突出該短語在學習、工作等情境中的應用 。
故事法巧記短語
故事一：森林冒險
Last weekend, a group of high - school students decided to go on an adventure in the nearby forest. They were excited but a bit nervous as they entered the forest.
As they walked deeper, they suddenly heard a strange noise. Tom, the bravest one, aimed at (瞄準) the direction of the noise with his flashlight. Just then, a wild dog came at (攻擊，襲擊，沖向) them. Everyone was scared. Jack shouted at (對……大聲說) the dog, trying to scare it away, but it didn't work. The dog jumped at (撲向，躍向) Tom, and Tom quickly tried to catch at (試圖抓住，拼命抓) a stick to defend himself.
Luckily, the dog was stopped by a thick branch. After the scare, they continued their journey. They found a small cave and decided to look at (仔細察看，檢查) it. Inside the cave, they saw some strange marks on the wall. They started to wonder at (對…感到驚訝，對…感到詫異) what could have made those marks.
While they were exploring, they found a box. They tried to get at (獲悉，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)，弄清) what was inside. Some students thought it might be treasure, so they were eager to open it. But others were a bit worried. Finally, they opened the box and found some old coins. They put at (估計，估量，估算) the value of the coins, but no one was sure.
On their way back, they met a kind old man. He was working at (從事于，致力于) collecting firewood. The students told him about their adventure. The old man laughed at (因……而笑) their excitement and shared some interesting stories about the forest.
When they got home, they couldn't wait to tell their friends about the amazing things they had experienced in the forest. They all agreed that it was a great adventure and they learned a lot from it.
**中文翻譯**：上周末，一群高中生決定去附近的森林冒險。進入森林時，他們既興奮又有點緊張。
他們越往里走，突然聽到一陣奇怪的聲音。最勇敢的湯姆用手電筒瞄準聲音傳來的方向。就在這時，一只野狗向他們撲來。大家都嚇壞了。杰克對著狗大喊，試圖把它嚇跑，但沒有用。狗朝湯姆撲去，湯姆迅速伸手去抓一根棍子自衛(wèi)。
幸運的是，狗被一根粗樹枝擋住了。驚嚇過后，他們繼續(xù)前行。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個小山洞，決定進去查看一番。在山洞里，他們看到墻上有一些奇怪的痕跡。他們開始對這些痕跡的由來感到驚訝。
在探索的時候，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個盒子。他們試圖弄清楚里面裝的是什么。一些學生認為可能是寶藏，所以他們迫不及待地想打開它。但也有一些學生有點擔心。最后，他們打開了盒子，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些古幣。他們估算了一下這些古幣的價值，但沒人能確定。
在回去的路上，他們遇到了一位善良的老人，他正在砍柴。學生們把他們的冒險經(jīng)歷告訴了老人。老人被他們的興奮逗笑了，并分享了一些關(guān)于這片森林的有趣故事。
回到家后，他們迫不及待地把在森林里經(jīng)歷的奇妙事情告訴了朋友們。他們都認為這是一次很棒的冒險，并且從中學到了很多東西。
故事二：校園運動會
The school sports meeting was coming, and all the students were excited. Each class was busy preparing for it.
In the class, Tom aimed at (旨在，力求，立志要) winning the 100 - meter race. He practiced hard every day. His friends encouraged him to keep at (（使）繼續(xù)努力，堅持干) it. One day during practice, a little dog ran at (向……撲去，攻擊……) him, which made him lose his balance. But Tom didn't give up.
On the day of the sports meeting, the 100 - meter race was about to start. Tom looked at (看，朝……看) the finish line with determination. When the starting gun fired, he rushed forward. He was running so fast that everyone was amazed. Some students shouted at (對……大聲說) him, cheering him on.
However, during the race, Tom noticed that his shoelace was loose. He wanted to stop and tie it, but he knew he couldn't. He just picked at (吃一點點，無食欲地吃，這里表示隨便應付) the thought and focused on running.
Finally, Tom crossed the finish line first. All his classmates laughed at (因……而笑) their victory and hugged him. The teacher said that Tom's spirit of not giving up was what they should learn. They also learned that in a competition, they should keep at (（使）繼續(xù)努力，堅持干) their goals and not be distracted by small things.
After the 100 - meter race, there were other events. Some students participated in the high jump, and they aimed at (瞄準) clearing the bar. Others were in the long - distance running, working at (從事于，致力于) building up their endurance. The whole school was filled with the excitement of the sports meeting.
**中文翻譯**：學校運動會即將來臨，所有學生都很興奮。每個班級都在忙著準備。
在班里，湯姆立志要贏得100米賽跑。他每天都刻苦訓練。他的朋友們鼓勵他堅持下去。有一天訓練時，一只小狗向他撲來，使他失去了平衡。但湯姆沒有放棄。
運動會那天，100米賽跑即將開始。湯姆堅定地望著終點線。發(fā)令槍響后，他沖了出去。他跑得飛快，讓每個人都驚嘆不已。一些學生對著他大喊，為他加油助威。
然而，在比賽過程中，湯姆注意到他的鞋帶松了。他想停下來系鞋帶，但他知道不能。他只是暫且放下這個念頭，專注于跑步。
最后，湯姆第一個沖過了終點線。他所有的同學都為勝利而歡笑，并擁抱了他。老師說湯姆不放棄的精神是他們應該學習的。他們也明白了在比賽中，應該堅持自己的目標，不要被小事分心。
100米賽跑結(jié)束后，還有其他項目。一些學生參加跳高，他們瞄準橫桿，力求躍過。另一些學生參加長跑，努力鍛煉自己的耐力。整個學校都充滿了運動會帶來的興奮氛圍。
故事三：海邊度假
During the summer vacation, a family went to the beach for a holiday. They were all looking forward to having a great time.
When they arrived at the beach, the kids were so excited that they immediately ran at (向……撲去，沖向) the sea. They played at (玩，做（游戲等），假扮……玩) building sandcastles and chasing each other. The parents sat on the beach, looking at (看，朝……看) the beautiful sea and enjoying the sunshine.
Suddenly, a seagull flew at (撲向，猛擊) a kid's ice - cream. The kid was shocked and shouted at (對……大聲說) the seagull. His sister laughed at (嘲笑，譏笑，取笑) him for being so scared. But then, they decided to play a game to chase the seagulls away. They picked up some small stones and threw at (猛地撲向，沖向，這里表示朝海鷗扔去) the seagulls gently, not really wanting to hurt them.
After a while, they saw a small boat in the distance. The boat touched at (（船）靠岸，短暫停靠) the beach. A fisherman got off the boat with some fresh fish. The kids were curious and went to look at (仔細察看，檢查) the fish. The fisherman told them some stories about fishing.
In the evening, as the sun was setting, they sat on the beach, talking about their day. The kids wondered at (對…感到驚訝，對…感到詫異) the beautiful colors of the sunset. They all agreed that it was a wonderful day at the beach. They were looking forward to more fun during their stay.
**中文翻譯**：暑假期間，一家人去海邊度假。他們都期待著度過一段愉快的時光。
當他們到達海灘時，孩子們興奮不已，立刻沖向大海。他們玩起了堆沙堡和互相追逐的游戲。父母們坐在沙灘上，望著美麗的大海，享受著陽光。
突然，一只海鷗撲向一個孩子的冰淇淋。孩子嚇了一跳，對著海鷗大喊。他的姐姐因為他這么害怕而嘲笑他。不過隨后，他們決定玩?zhèn)€游戲把海鷗趕走。他們撿起一些小石子，輕輕地朝海鷗扔去，并不真想傷害它們。
過了一會兒，他們看到遠處有一艘小船。小船?？吭诤┻?。一位漁夫帶著一些新鮮的魚下了船。孩子們很好奇，就過去查看那些魚。漁夫給他們講了一些捕魚的故事。
晚上，太陽落山時，他們坐在沙灘上，談論著這一天。孩子們對日落的美麗色彩感到驚嘆。他們都認為這是在海灘上美好的一天。他們期待著在度假期間能有更多的樂趣。
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