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Unit4 Weather and Our Lives語法精講精練（含解析）
Preparatory it作形式主語
1. We use it for time, day & date, season, weather, temperature or distance.
it用于指代時間、星期、日期、季節、天氣、溫度或距離。
Time（時間）
—What time is it
—It's half past ten.
It's late. It's time to listen to the weather forecast.
Day & Date（星期和日期）
—What day is it (today)
—It's Thursday.
It's 16 September. It was my birthday yesterday.
Season（季節）
—What season is it now
—It's spring now.
Weather（天氣）
It's raining./It isn't raining./Is it snowing
It rains a lot here./It didn't rain here.
Does it snow very often here
It's warm/hot/cold/fine/cloudy/windy/sunny/foggy/...
It's a nice day today.
Temperature（溫度）
It is 28 degrees Celsius today.
It reached 42 degrees Celsius in this area.
Distance（距離）
It's three kilometres from our home to the city centre.
How far is it from the weather satellite to the Earth
It's a long walk from here to the bus stop.
We can go home. It's not far.
2. We use it in the sentence pattern “ It's (It is) + adj. + to-infinitive “ to show our feelings about something or doing something.
it還用于“It's (It is) +形容詞+含有to的動詞不定式”的結構中，表示對某物、某事的感受。
It's/It is +easy/difficult/impossible/dangerous/... + to do ...
In this pattern, the to-infinitive part is the real subject of the sentence. Since the part is a bit too long, we usually use preparatory it instead and put the to-infinitive part at the end of the sentence.
在這個句型中，帶to的動詞不定式是句子真正的主語。由于這個部分比較長，通常被置于句末，而使用it充當形式主語。
e.g. It's nice to do the weather experiment.
It's impossible to travel in the weather balloon.
It wasn't easy to predict weather in the past.
滬教版五四制六年級下冊英語Unit4語法專項練習
一、用it作形式主語完成句子（每題2分，共30分）
1. __________ (is / was) important __________ ( learn ) about different weather phenomena.
2. __________ (It's / Its) difficult __________ ( predict) extreme weather accurately.
3. __________ (is / are) interesting __________ (watch ) how clouds form.
4. __________ (It was / There was) necessary __________ (take) an umbrella when it's rainy.
5. __________ (is / was) wonderful __________ (play ) in the snow on a snowy day.
6. __________ (It's / It) impossible __________ ( fly) a kite without wind.
7. __________ (is / are) dangerous __________ (stay) outside during a storm.
8. __________ (It was / There was) great __________ (enjoy) the sunshine on a sunny day.
9. __________ (is / was) convenient __________ (check ) the weather report on your phone.
10. __________ (It's / Its) useful __________ ( know) some basic weather signs.
11. __________ (is / are) nice __________ ( go) for a walk on a cool autumn day.
12. __________ (It was / There was) hard __________ (see ) clearly in the fog.
13. __________ (is / was) exciting __________ ( experience) a typhoon from a safe place.
14. __________ (It's / It) important __________ (wear) warm clothes in winter.
15. __________ (is / are) pleasant __________ (listen ) to the sound of rain at night.
二、單項選擇（每題2分，共30分）
1. —What's the weather like today
—__________ is sunny.
A. This B. That C. It D. They
2. __________ is 20 degrees Celsius today.
A. That B. It C. This D. What
3. __________ is raining heavily outside. We'd better stay at home.
A. This B. That C. It D. They
4. —What season is it now
—__________ is winter.
A. This B. That C. It D. They
5. __________ is a long way from our school to the beach.
A. This B. That C. It D. They
6. It's very important __________ us to learn about weather safety.
A. for B. of C. with D. to
7. It's kind __________ you to tell me the weather forecast.
A. for B. of C. with D. to
8. It's not easy __________ a weather vane by ourselves.
A. make B. makes C. to make D. making
9. It was interesting __________ the weather experiment in the science class.
A. do B. does C. to do D. doing
10. It's dangerous __________ in the river when it rains heavily.
A. swim B. swims C. to swim D. swimming
11. It's necessary __________ some food and water before a typhoon comes.
A. prepare B. prepares C. to prepare D. preparing
12. It's great __________ a picnic on a sunny day.
A. have B. has C. to have D. having
13. It's hard __________ the differences between the two kinds of clouds.
A. tell B. tells C. to tell D. telling
14. It's pleasant __________ to music on a rainy day.
A. listen B. listens C. to listen D. listening
15. It's important __________ the traffic rules when the weather is bad.
A. follow B. follows C. to follow D. following
三、根據漢語提示完成句子（每題2分，共30分）
1. __________（現在是）ten o'clock. It's time for the weather report.
2. __________（今天天氣）is cloudy. We may need umbrellas.
3. __________（距離）from our town to the mountain is about 50 kilometres.
4. __________（是秋天）now. The leaves are turning yellow.
5. __________（正在下雪）heavily. We can make a snowman later.
6. It's __________（對我們來說很重要）to know how to keep safe in bad weather.
7. It's __________（非常好）of you to share the weather news.
8. It's __________（很難）to see the road clearly in the heavy fog.
9. It's __________（很有趣）to watch the wind blowing the leaves.
10. It's __________（危險的）to play football on the street when it's windy.
11. It's __________（有必要）to take warm clothes when you go to the mountains in winter.
12. It's __________（令人興奮的）to see a rainbow after the rain.
13. It's __________（重要的）to drink enough water in hot weather.
14. It's __________（很愜意）to lie on the grass on a sunny afternoon.
15. It's __________（不可能）to go hiking if it rains tomorrow.
四、句型轉換（每題2分，共10分）
1. To learn about different weather tools is useful.（用it作形式主語改寫句子）
__________ __________ useful __________ __________ about different weather tools.
2. It's sunny today.（對劃線部分提問）
__________ __________ __________ __________ today
3. The temperature is 25 degrees Celsius today.（對劃線部分提問）
__________ __________ __________ __________ today
4. It's a long way from my home to the park.（對劃線部分提問）
__________ __________ is it from your home to the park
5. It was difficult to predict the weather in the past.（改為一般疑問句）
__________ __________ difficult to predict the weather in the past 一、用it作形式主語完成句子
1. 答案：It's; to learn
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”是固定句型，“It”作形式主語，真正的主語是“to learn about different weather phenomena”，此句表示“學習不同的天氣現象很重要”，用一般現在時，所以是“It's”。
2. 答案：It's; to predict
- 解析：同樣是“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”結構，“It”作形式主語，“to predict extreme weather accurately”是真正主語，意為“準確預測極端天氣很困難”，用一般現在時，故為“It's”。
3. 答案：It's; to watch
- 解析：該句型中，“It”作形式主語，“to watch how clouds form”是真正主語，描述一般性情況用一般現在時，所以是“It's”，表示“觀看云是如何形成的很有趣”。
4. 答案：It was; to take
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，根據語境這里說的是過去下雨時的情況，用一般過去時“It was”，“to take an umbrella”是真正主語，即“下雨時帶把傘是必要的”。
5. 答案：It's; to play
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“It”作形式主語，“to play in the snow on a snowy day”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，意思是“在雪天里玩雪很棒”。
6. 答案：It's; to fly
- 解析：固定句型，“It”作形式主語，“to fly a kite without wind”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，表示“沒有風放風箏是不可能的”。
7. 答案：It's; to stay
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“It”作形式主語，“to stay outside during a storm”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，意為“暴風雨期間待在外面很危險”。
8. 答案：It was; to enjoy
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，根據語境是描述過去在晴天享受陽光的感受，用一般過去時“It was”，“to enjoy the sunshine on a sunny day”是真正主語。
9. 答案：It's; to check
- 解析：“It”作形式主語，“to check the weather report on your phone”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，表示“在手機上查看天氣預報很方便”。
10. 答案：It's; to know
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“It”作形式主語，“to know some basic weather signs”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，即“了解一些基本的天氣跡象很有用”。
11. 答案：It's; to go
- 解析：該句型中，“It”作形式主語，“to go for a walk on a cool autumn day”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，意思是“在涼爽的秋日去散步很不錯”。
12. 答案：It was; to see
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，描述過去在霧中看不清楚的情況，用一般過去時“It was”，“to see clearly in the fog”是真正主語。
13. 答案：It's; to experience
- 解析：“It”作形式主語，“to experience a typhoon from a safe place”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，表示“從安全的地方體驗臺風很刺激”。
14. 答案：It's; to wear
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“It”作形式主語，“to wear warm clothes in winter”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，意為“冬天穿暖和的衣服很重要”。
15. 答案：It's; to listen
- 解析：“It”作形式主語，“to listen to the sound of rain at night”是真正主語，一般現在時用“It's”，表示“晚上聽雨聲很愜意”。
二、單項選擇
1. 答案：C
- 解析：在詢問天氣的句型“What's the weather like... ”中，回答用“It”指代天氣，所以選C。
2. 答案：B
- 解析：描述溫度時用“It”作主語，“It”指代天氣狀況及溫度，所以選B。
3. 答案：C
- 解析：表示“下雨、下雪”等天氣狀況時，用“It”作主語，所以選C。
4. 答案：C
- 解析：詢問季節“What season is it... ”，回答用“It”指代季節，所以選C。
5. 答案：C
- 解析：表示距離時用“It”作主語，“It”指代距離，所以選C。
6. 答案：A
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + for sb. + to - 不定式”，當形容詞是描述事物的性質特點，如“important、difficult、easy”等時，用“for”，此句中“important”描述“learn about weather safety”這件事的性質，所以選A。
7. 答案：B
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + of sb. + to - 不定式”，當形容詞是描述人的性格品質，如“kind、nice、clever”等時，用“of”，“kind”是描述人的品質，所以選B。
8. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to make a weather vane by ourselves”是真正主語，所以選C。
9. 答案：C
- 解析：“It was + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to do the weather experiment in the science class”是真正主語，所以選C。
10. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to swim in the river when it rains heavily”是真正主語，所以選C。
11. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to prepare some food and water before a typhoon comes”是真正主語，所以選C。
12. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to have a picnic on a sunny day”是真正主語，所以選C。
13. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to tell the differences between the two kinds of clouds”是真正主語，所以選C。
14. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to listen to music on a rainy day”是真正主語，所以選C。
15. 答案：C
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“to follow the traffic rules when the weather is bad”是真正主語，所以選C。
三、根據漢語提示完成句子
1. 答案：It's
- 解析：描述時間用“It's + 時間”，所以是“It's”。
2. 答案：The weather today
- 解析：“今天天氣”是“The weather today”，“weather”不可數名詞，用“the”限定。
3. 答案：It's the distance
- 解析：表示距離用“It's the distance + from...to...”，所以填“It's the distance”。
4. 答案：It's autumn
- 解析：詢問季節回答用“It's + 季節”，所以是“It's autumn”。
5. 答案：It's snowing
- 解析：描述正在下雪用“It's snowing”，“It”指代天氣，現在進行時表示正在下雪的狀態。
6. 答案：important for us
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + for sb. + to - 不定式”，“important”描述“know how to keep safe in bad weather”這件事的性質，所以用“for us”。
7. 答案：very kind
- 解析：“It's + 描述人的品質的形容詞 + of sb. + to - 不定式”，“kind”是描述人的品質，“very”修飾“kind”，所以是“very kind”。
8. 答案：very hard
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“hard”表示“困難的”，“very”修飾“hard”，表示“很難”，所以是“very hard”。
9. 答案：very interesting
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“interesting”表示“有趣的”，“very”修飾“interesting”，表示“很有趣”，所以是“very interesting”。
10. 答案：dangerous
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“dangerous”表示“危險的”，所以是“dangerous”。
11. 答案：necessary
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“necessary”表示“必要的”，所以是“necessary”。
12. 答案：exciting
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“exciting”表示“令人興奮的”，所以是“exciting”。
13. 答案：important
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“important”表示“重要的”，所以是“important”。
14. 答案：very pleasant
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“pleasant”表示“愜意的”，“very”修飾“pleasant”，表示“很愜意”，所以是“very pleasant”。
15. 答案：impossible
- 解析：“It's + 形容詞 + to - 不定式”，“impossible”表示“不可能的”，所以是“impossible”。
四、句型轉換
1. 答案：It is; to learn
- 解析：“To learn about different weather tools is useful.”用“it”作形式主語改寫，“It”作形式主語放句首，真正主語“to learn about different weather tools”放句末，原句是一般現在時，所以是“It is useful to learn about different weather tools”。
2. 答案：What's the weather like
- 解析：對“sunny”（天氣狀況）提問，用“What's the weather like... ”句型，所以是“What's the weather like today ”。
3. 答案：What's the temperature today
- 解析：對“25 degrees Celsius”（溫度）提問，用“What's the temperature... ”句型，所以是“What's the temperature today ”。
4. 答案：How far
- 解析：對“a long way”（距離）提問，用“How far”，所以是“How far is it from your home to the park ”。
5. 答案：Was it
- 解析：原句是一般過去時，改為一般疑問句，把“was”提前，“it”位置不變，所以是“Was it difficult to predict the weather in the past ”。

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