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【滿分攻略】 專題七 動詞-小升初英語復習精講精練（全國通用版）
表示動作或狀態的詞叫作動詞。
表示動作的詞: ask, go, walk等。
表示狀態的詞: have, be, keep等。
[考點1]動詞的分類
按照動詞的詞義和在句子中的作用，動詞可分為四類：實義動詞、系動詞、助動詞和情態動詞。
1.實義動詞
實義動詞也叫行為動詞，能獨立作謂語。實義動詞又可以分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。
(1)及物動詞后可直接跟賓語。
I saw a cat.我看見了一只貓。
He is reading a story. 他正在讀一個故事。
(2)不及物動詞后通常不直接跟賓語。
They work in a factory. 他們在工廠工作。
The rain stopped.雨停了。
2.系動詞
系動詞也叫連系動詞，不能單獨作謂語，必須和名詞、形容詞等一起使用才能作句子的謂語。
be動詞是最基本的系動詞。它包括am，is，are及這三個詞的相應變化形式。例如：
I am a student.我是一名學生。
I was a student ten years ago. 十年前我是一名學生。
除 be 動詞外, look, sound, feel, seem,smell, taste等感官動詞也是系動詞。如:
That sounds interesting. 那聽上去很有趣。
Mike seems very sad. 邁克看起來很傷心。
3.助動詞
助動詞本身無詞義，它和實義動詞一起構成各種時態和語態，也可構成否定和疑問結構,常用的助動詞有 do/ does/ did,have/ has/ had, should, will/ would等。
Do you like pears 你喜歡梨嗎
Does he like playing basketball 他喜歡打籃球嗎
Would you like a cup of tea 你要不要來一杯茶
4.情態動詞
情態動詞表示說話人的語氣或情緒。
常用的情態動詞有: can, could, may, must,will, should等。
I can play the piano.我會彈鋼琴。
May I borrow your pencil 我可以借你的鉛筆嗎
Shall we meet at the school gate 我們在學校門口見面，怎么樣
[考點2]動詞的基本形式
1.動詞原形
動詞原形是動詞未經任何變化的原本形式。 如: have, do, go等。
2.動詞的第三人稱單數形式
變化規則 例 詞
一般情況在詞尾加-s play— plays get— gets
以s, x, ch, sh, o結尾的動詞，通常在詞尾加-es guess— guesses fix— fixes teach— teaches wash— washes go— goes
以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞，變y為i，再加-es fly— flies cry— cries study—— studies
3.動詞的過去式
(1)規則變化
變化規則 例 詞
一般情況在詞尾加-ed play— played look— looked
以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，在詞尾加-d live— lived like— liked hope— hoped
以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞,變y為i,再加-ed cry— cried study— studied carry— carried
末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節動詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed stop— stopped plan— planned drop— dropped
(2)不規則變化
原形 過去式 原形 過去式
is/ am was sit sat
are were cut cut
bring brought give gave
buy bought sing sang
begin began write wrote
come came do did
meet met have had
go went see saw
win won eat ate
hit hit set set
run ran swim swam
keep kept know knew
read read drive drove
speak spoke wear wore
draw drew fly flew
find found build built
sleep slept tell told
think thought sweep swept
hear heard learn learnt/learned
stand stood take took
feel felt lose lost
make made say said
teach taught put put
sell sold send sent
forget forgot can could
fall fell feed fed
hide hid hurt hurt
blow blew break broke
throw threw leave left
mean meant may might
4.動詞的現在分詞形式
變化規則 例 詞
一般情況在詞尾加-ing play— playing look— looking
以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去掉e，再加-ing live—— living like—— liking come— coming
以 ie結尾的動詞，先將 ie變為y,再加-ing die— dying lie— lying
末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節動詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ing swim— swimming run— running sit—— sitting
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Ⅰ.按要求寫單詞。
1. fly(第三人稱單數形式)
2. run(現在分詞)
3. buy(過去式)
4. take(過去式)
5. sit(現在分詞)
6. spoke(原形)
7. swim (現在分詞)
8.come (過去式)
9. wash (第三人稱單數形式)
10. drop (過去式)
Ⅱ.用be動詞的正確形式填空。
1. How old you
2. Sarah and Mike students.
3. This my mother.
4. There some water on the floor.
5. Mary in the classroom
6. Where your parents now
7. These my classmates. They are very friendly.
8. Where I
9. I have a little dog. It very cute.
10.— What you doing
— We' re reading English.
Ⅲ.用所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1. The old man (move) to a new house last month.
2. Would you like (buy) things for New Year's Day
3. They enjoy (play) basketball.
4. Mike (not like) cooking.
5. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.
6.—— What did you do on your holiday
—I (go) swimming.
7. The boy (draw) a picture now.
8. He (do) his homework every day. But he (not do) it yesterday.
9. Let me (help) you find your pencil.
10. John's mum often (play) the piano for fun.
Ⅳ.單項選擇。
( ) 1. Do you want
A. to go to school B. speak English
C. go home D. to the door
( ) 2.— Must I stay at home, Mum
—— No, you .
A. needn't B. mustn't C. don't D. may not
( )3. Where are my shoes I can't them now.
A. finds B. finding C. look D. find
( ) 4. the kite like this!
A. Flying B. Flies C. Fly D. To fly
( ) 5.— Where you from
—I from China.
A. does; come B. are; am
C. are; comes D. do; comes
( )6. The teacher me a question just now but I couldn't it.
A. asked; answer B. asks; answer
C. asking; answering D. asked; answers
( )7. We to the zoo and a lot of animals yesterday.
A. go; see B. went; saw
C. goes; sees D. went; see
( ) 8. — Excuse me. Will you please tell me the way to the railway station
— Oh, sorry, I don't know. You go and ask that policeman.
A. can B. must C. would D. need
V.根據句意及首字母提示填空，補全短文。
Today i August 10th. Yesterday w Mary's birthday. She w a pretty dress. Her mother g up early and c some noodles for her. Her father b a big cake for her. Then they w to a zoo. The zoo i so big. They could s many animals there. They h a good time yesterday.
Ⅵ.根據括號內所給的時間提示改寫句子。
1. We play ping-pong every day. (last Friday)
2. The boy is washing his clothes.(every day)
3. I often play football with my friends. (tomorrow)
【參考答案】
Ⅰ.1. flies2. running 3. bought 4. took 5. sitting6. speak 7. swimming 8. came 9. washes 10. dropped
Ⅱ. 1. are 2. are 3. is 4. is 5. Is 6. are 7. are8. am 9. is 10. are
Ⅲ.1. moved 2. to buy 3. playing 4. doesn't like5. looks 6. went 7. is drawing 8. does, didn't do9. help 10. plays
Ⅳ.1. A2. A3. D 4. C5. B6. A7. B8. AV. is, was, wore, got, cooked, bought, went, is, see, had
Ⅵ. 1. We played ping-pong last Friday.
2. The boy washes his clothes every day.
3. I will/ am going to play football with my friends tomorrow.

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