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Unit 6 When disaster strikes單元培優(yōu)提升卷
(滿分：100 分 時(shí)間：90 分鐘）
詞匯考查，從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)。（10分）
The ______ of the earthquake was felt hundreds of miles away.
A. eruption B. impact C. warning D. shadow
2. She showed great ______ by facing the challenge after the disaster.
A. courage B. fashion C. safety D. drawback
3. The ______ system alerted people before the tsunami hit.
A. historical B. volcanic C. warning D. musical
4. Drones are used to ______ survivors in hard-to-reach areas.
A. hide B. find C. avoid D. refuse
5. The ______ of the flood left many people homeless.
A. effect B. cause C. ash D. torch
6. He ______ the pain and completed the race.
A. faced B. refused C. warned D. shut
7. The ______ girl shared her story to encourage others.
A. slim B. scared C. historical D. courageous
8. The volcano ______ lava and smoke for days.
A. erupted B. predicted C. increased D. operated
9. ______ the support of her family, she recovered quickly.
A. Without B. With C. For D. From
10. The ______ of the disaster is still remembered today.
victim B. heroine C. impact D. alarm
二、語(yǔ)法考查，從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。（10 分）
11. They ______ dinner when the earthquake ______.
A. were having; struck B. had; was striking
C. have; strikes D. will have; strikes
12. While the hurricane ______, people were taking shelter.
A. blows B. blew C. was blowing D. is blowing
13. The warning system ______ people before the tsunami arrived.
A. alerts B. alerted C. will alert D. is alerting
14. She ______ a torch in the parade after overcoming her fear.
A. carries B. carried C. will carry D. has carried
15. ______ the dark cloud, they knew a storm was coming.
A. Seeing B. Saw C. To see D. See
16. The ash ______ the city, making it hard to breathe.
A. covers B. covered C. will cover D. is covering
17. They ______ for safety when the alarm ______.
A. ran; went off B. run; goes off
C. were running; was going off D. will run; will go off
18. ______ the disaster, many buildings had been damaged.
A. By the time B. Before C. After D. Until
19. The volunteers ______ supplies while the survivors ______ for help.
A. provided; waited B. were providing; waited
C. provided; were waiting D. provide; wait
20. She ______ to inspire others since the disaster.
has tried B. tried C. will try D. tries
三、詞匯填空，用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。（共 10 分）
21.The ______ (history) lesson taught us about Pompeii.
22. The ______ (erupt) caused a massive cloud of ash.
23. She felt ______ (comfort) with her artificial leg at first.
24. The ______ (warn) system saved many lives.
25. They ______ (support) the survivors with food and shelter.
26. His ______ (courage) act inspired others to help.
27. The ______ (flood) waters destroyed the town.
28. The ______ (music) performance lifted everyone’s spirits.
29. The ______ (operate) of the drone is simple.
30. She ______ (complete) her journey of recovery after ten years.
四、語(yǔ)法填空，閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（每空兩分，共 20 分）
In 2021, a typhoon ____31 (hit) a coastal city. Niu Yu, now a ____32 (fame) model, ____33 (volunteer) to help survivors. She ____34 (share) her story of ____35 (overcome) difficulties. While others ____36 (cry) about their losses, she ____37 (encourage) them to face the future. “Be the ____38 (hero) of your life,” she said. Her words ____39 (give) hope to many. With ____40 (she) help, people began to rebuild their homes.
五、閱讀理解（每題 2 分，共 20 分）
A 篇（歷史故事，600 詞）
Pliny the Younger’s firsthand account of the Mount Vesuvius eruption in 79 AD offers a harrowing glimpse into ancient disaster. As the earth began to shudder violently, he and his mother fled their home in a town near Pompeii. The ground writhed like a living beast, and they watched in horror as the sea inexplicably receded, leaving marine life stranded on the exposed seabed—a portent of the impending catastrophe.
A towering column of ash and smoke erupted from the volcano, forming a dark cloud that swallowed the sky. The world plunged into an unnatural night, so dense that Pliny and his mother had to light torches to navigate. Through the choking darkness, they heard desperate screams echoing as families searched for one another, their voices muffled by the thick ash raining down. The air reeked of sulfur, and every breath carried the threat of suffocation.
Despite the chaos, Pliny refused to abandon his mother, clinging to her as they stumbled through the debris. His resolve to stay together amid the panic highlighted a rare courage amid the terror. When dawn finally broke, the landscape lay buried under layers of pumice, a stark reminder of nature’s destructive power. Yet, amid the ruins, the story underscores the indomitable human spirit—how even in the face of annihilation, acts of loyalty and resilience shine through.
What did Pliny witness during the eruption
A. The sea surging toward the coast B. The sea retreating from the shore
C. A vibrant, glowing sky D. Unusual calm in the ocean
42. Why did they need torches
A. The ash cloud blocked all light B. They needed warmth
C. Rain extinguished natural light D. Strong winds blew out candles
43. How did Pliny show courage
A. By leading a rescue team B. By staying with his mother
C. By shouting instructions to others D. By escaping alone
44. What is the central theme of the story
A. The unpredictability of volcanoes
B. The importance of early warnings
C. Human courage during disasters
D. The science behind volcanic eruptions
45. What’s the best title
A. The Destruction of Pompeii B. Pliny’s Escape: A Tale of Bravery
C. Ancient Volcanic Wonders D. Life in Roman Times
B 篇（科技文，650 詞）
Modern disaster warning systems have revolutionized how societies prepare for cataclysms, leveraging cutting-edge technology to save lives. AI algorithms now analyze vast datasets from satellites and weather stations, predicting storms with up to 95% accuracy—far surpassing traditional methods. In Japan, a multi-layered warning system combines app notifications, blaring alarms, and TV broadcasts to deliver tsunami alerts within seconds of detection, giving residents precious minutes to reach higher ground.
Drones have emerged as game-changers in disaster response. Equipped with thermal imaging and GPS, these unmanned vehicles can survey earthquake-ravaged areas in real time, identifying survivors trapped under rubble and mapping damage for rescue teams. In remote regions of Indonesia, drones have even delivered emergency supplies when roads and bridges are rendered impassable, cutting response times from hours to minutes.
Yet, challenges persist. Rural communities without reliable internet or electricity often fall through the warning net, highlighting the need for inclusive solutions. Scientists are now developing solar-powered alarm systems and SMS-based alerts to reach the most vulnerable. “No one should be left unwarned because of their location,” emphasizes disaster researcher Dr. Mei Lin.
The 2024 Typhoon Hana serves as a testament to these technologies’ efficacy. Thanks to early AI predictions and drone-led evacuations, casualties were reduced by 82% compared to similar storms a decade ago. As climate-driven disasters grow more frequent, the global push to democratize warning systems remains urgent—ensuring that technology becomes a lifeline for all, not just the privileged.
What technology enables high-precision predictions
A. Traditional weathervanes B. AI and satellite data
C. Amateur radio networks D. Manual observation
47. How do Japanese tsunami warnings reach people
A. Through carrier pigeons B. Via apps, alarms, and TV
C. By community loudspeakers only D. Through emergency mail
48. What is a key challenge for warning systems
A. Over-reliance on AI B. Lack of interest in cities
C. Difficulty reaching remote areas D. Excessive accuracy
49. Why are warning systems crucial
A. To create job opportunities B. To sell more technology
C. To reduce panic during disasters D. To save lives and minimize casualties
50. What is the future focus for scientists
A. To develop more expensive drones
B. To abandon AI in favor of drones
C. To ensure warnings reach all communities
D. To limit warnings to urban areas
完型填空,從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。（共 10 分）
After the earthquake, the city was in ruins. People ____51 for their families, and buildings ____52. Rescue workers arrived ____53, bringing food and medicine. A young woman, ____54 lost her leg in the quake, started a ____55 to empower survivors. She ____56 stories of courage on social media, sharing how she learned to walk again with a prosthetic limb. ____57 her efforts, many began to rebuild their lives with newfound hope. “Disasters can break ____58, but they can’t break our spirit,” she said at a community gathering. Her ____59 speeches and online campaigns inspired everyone, proving that ____60 in unity is the key to recovery.
51. A. searched B. search C. searches D. searching
52. A. damage B. damaged C. were damaged D. are damaged
53. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. hardly
54. A. which B. who C. where D. when
55. A. project B. disaster C. warning D. volcano
56. A. share B. shares C. shared D. sharing
57. A. Without B. With C. For D. Against
58. A. houses B. dreams C. records D. rules
59. A. helpless B. boring C. inspiring D. negative
60. A. weakness B. division C. conflict D. strength
七、書面表達(dá)（20 分）
題目：Should technology replace human judgment in disaster response Write a debate argument.（120 詞左右）
答案與解析
一、詞匯選擇
1. B 解析：后文列舉的是優(yōu)點(diǎn)，選 advantages。
2. C 解析：與虛擬教師對(duì)應(yīng)的是 “數(shù)字化教室”，選 digital。
3. B 解析：give up “放棄” 使用現(xiàn)金，符合語(yǔ)境。
4. A 解析：allow sb. to do sth.“允許用戶追蹤”，選 allows。
5. B 解析：because of “因?yàn)椤?下雨，選 B。
6. C 解析：deliver “遞送” 食物，選 delivered。
7. B 解析：teaching machine “教學(xué)機(jī)器”，教材原詞。
8. B 解析：紙質(zhì)書頁(yè) “靜止的”，選 still。
9. A 解析：complete tasks “完成任務(wù)”，選 complete。
10. B 解析：generation “一代”，數(shù)字原住民這一代人，選 B。
二、語(yǔ)法選擇
11. A 解析：it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)為不定式。
12. B 解析：ask sb. to do sth. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
13. C 解析：if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，“如果使用數(shù)字支付”。
14. B 解析：last year 提示過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選 was developed。
15. C 解析：enjoy doing sth. 固定用法，選 taking。
16. A 解析：未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，選 will do。
17. A 解析：let sb. do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)，用原形 decorate。
18. B 解析：how 引導(dǎo)感嘆句，修飾副詞 fast。
19. B 解析：過(guò)去式，描述過(guò)去的辯論。
20. C 解析：未來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)，用 will become。
三、詞匯填空
21. convenience 解析：名詞 “便利性”。
22. digital 解析：形容詞 “數(shù)字的”。
23. development 解析：名詞 “發(fā)展”。
24. threw 解析：過(guò)去式 “扔掉”。
25. delivery 解析：名詞 “遞送”。
26. wisely 解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)詞 use。
27. disadvantages 解析：后文提到缺點(diǎn)，用復(fù)數(shù)。
28. wrote 解析：過(guò)去式，與日記時(shí)態(tài)一致。
29. yellow 解析：形容詞 “黃色的”。
30. will connect 解析：未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，用 will connect。
語(yǔ)法填空
31. will have become解析：未來(lái)完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)到 2070 年的狀態(tài)。
32. will be equipped解析：未來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“將配備”。
33. users’解析：名詞所有格，“用戶的” 日程。
34. to monitor解析：不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，“為了監(jiān)測(cè)健康”。
35. will fly解析：未來(lái)時(shí)，“將自主飛行”。
36. will allow解析：未來(lái)時(shí)，“將允許”。
37. will analyze解析：未來(lái)時(shí)，“將分析” 學(xué)習(xí)模式。
38. concerns解析：名詞復(fù)數(shù)，“擔(dān)憂” 不止一個(gè)。
39. will grow解析：未來(lái)時(shí)，“將會(huì)增長(zhǎng)”。
40. creating解析：suggest doing sth. 固定用法，“建議創(chuàng)造”。
五、閱讀理解
A 篇
41. B解析：文中明確描述 “the sea inexplicably receded”，與選項(xiàng) B “retreating from the shore” 完全對(duì)應(yīng)。
42.A解析：第三段 “plunged into an unnatural night” 說(shuō)明黑暗至極，需火炬照明，選 A。
43.B解析：文中 “refused to abandon his mother” 直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng) B “staying with his mother”。
44.C解析：末句 “acts of loyalty and resilience shine through” 點(diǎn)明主題為人類勇氣，選 C。
45.B解析：全文圍繞 Pliny 的逃生經(jīng)歷及勇氣，選項(xiàng) B 最貼切。。
B 篇
46. B解析：文中 “AI algorithms analyze vast datasets from satellites” 對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng) B。
47.B解析：第二段 “combines app notifications, blaring alarms, and TV broadcasts” 選 B。
48.C解析：第三段 “rural communities...often fall through the warning net” 選 C。
49.D解析：首段 “revolutionized how societies prepare for cataclysms” 及末段數(shù)據(jù)均指向 “拯救生命”，選 D。
50.C解析：第三段 “developing solar-powered alarm systems...reach the most vulnerable” 選 C。
六、完形填空
51. A解析：一般過(guò)去時(shí)，“search for（尋找）” 的過(guò)去式為 searched，選 A。
52. C解析：建筑 “被破壞”，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)用 were damaged，選 C。
53. B解析：救援人員 “迅速” 到達(dá)，用 quickly，選 B。
54. B解析：定語(yǔ)從句修飾人（woman），用關(guān)系代詞 who，選 B。
55. A解析：發(fā)起 “項(xiàng)目” 幫助幸存者，project（項(xiàng)目）符合語(yǔ)境，選 A。
56. C解析：一般過(guò)去時(shí)，share 的過(guò)去式為 shared，選 C。
57. B解析：“在她的努力下”，用 With，選 B。
58. A解析：災(zāi)難破壞 “房屋”，選 A。
59. C解析：“鼓舞人心的” 演講，inspiring（鼓舞的）選 C。
60. D解析：“團(tuán)結(jié)的力量” 是恢復(fù)的關(guān)鍵，strength（力量）選 D。
七、書面表達(dá)
參考范文：
Technology should augment, not replace, human judgment in disaster response. AI and drones excel at rapid data analysis and risk prediction, such as forecasting storm paths or locating survivors. For example, Japan’s tsunami alerts use AI to calculate evacuation routes within seconds, saving lives. However, machines lack empathy—they cannot decide whether to prioritize a hospital’s needs over a blocked road, as a human responder might.
During the 2024 earthquake in Turkey, rescue teams used drones to map ruins but relied on medics’ intuition to prioritize critically injured victims. Human judgment ensures flexibility, like adjusting strategies for vulnerable groups. While technology is a tool, the human ability to adapt, empathize, and make ethical decisions remains irreplaceable. A balanced approach—tech for efficiency, humans for compassion—will create the most effective disaster responses.

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