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中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺
2024-2025學年七年級英語下冊單元速記巧練（人教版2024）
Unit 8 Once upon a Time速記巧練考點
The mouse bit through the net. 那只老鼠咬穿了網。
【用法詳解】
Bite為動詞，譯為“咬、啃、叮、刺”；其過去式為bit。
Eg: My sister’s dog bit me yesterday. 我妹妹的狗昨天咬了我。
常見搭配：bite sb. in/on 身體部位 咬某人的某個部位
注意：用in時表示“咬到里面”；用on時表示“咬住表面”。
Eg: The dog bit in the meat. 狗咬了一塊肉。（咬進嘴里）
The dog bit on the bone. 狗咬住了骨頭。
Bite也可為名詞，譯為“咬了一口”，其復數形式為bites。
Eg: He took a bite of the cake. 他吃了一口蛋糕。
【即學即用】
( )1. The dog _______ my back.
bites on B. bites in C. bit on D. bit in
The lion let the mouse go. 獅子把老鼠放了。
【用法詳解】
Let為動詞，譯為“讓”，常常用來提出建議或請求。
常見搭配：let sb. (not) do sth. 讓某人（不）做某事
Eg: Let me help you. 讓我幫助你吧。
Let’s go to the park. 讓我們去公園吧。
Let him not go there. 讓他不要去那里。
【即學即用】
( D )1. Let’s _____ noise.
don’t make B. aren’t making C. didn’t make D. not make
The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠答應幫助獅子。
【用法詳解】
Promise在此處為動詞，譯為“答應、許諾”等；
常見搭配：promise to do sth. 答應做某事
Promise sb. to do sth. 答應某人做某事
Promise that從句 承諾...
Eg: He promised to come early. 他答應早點來。
I promised my mother to clean the room. 我答應我媽媽打掃房間。
He promised that he would study hard. 他承諾他會努力學習。
Promise也可為名詞，譯為“諾言”。
常見搭配：make a promise 許下諾言
Keep a promise 信守諾言
Break a promise 違背諾言
Promise oneself 指望、期待
Eg: I made a promise to my parents that I would study hard. 我向父母許下承諾會努力學習。
He always keeps a promise. 他總是信守諾言。
Don’t break a promise easily. 不要輕易違背諾言。
He promised himself a good vacation. 他期待自己有一個美好的假期。
【即學即用】
( )1. We promised _______ the secret.
keep B. to keep C. keeping D. to keeping
2. 如果做出了承諾，就應該遵守。
If you _make_ _a_ _promise_, you should keep it.
The farmer’s son broke his leg. 農民的兒子摔壞了腿。
【用法詳解】
break為動詞，譯為“破壞、違背、打破、中斷”等；
Eg: The stone broke the window. 石頭打破了窗戶。
常見搭配：break into 闖入
Break out 爆發
Break through 突破
Break down 出故障、損壞
Break up 破裂、分開
Eg: The thieves broke into the bank. 小偷闖入銀行。
The war broke out in 1939. 戰爭在1939年爆發。
The scientist broke through in his research. 科學家在他的研究領域取得突破。
The car broke down on the way to the airport. 車在去機場的路上出故障了。
Their relationship broke up. 他們的關系破裂了。
Break也可為名詞，譯為“休息”。
常見搭配：have a break 休息一下
Eg: She is tired, she’d better have a break. 她太累了，她最好休息一下。
【即學即用】
( )1. A fire ______ in the building.
broke out B. broke into C. broke down D. broke up
( )2. The computer system ______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke into
The farmer’s son didn’t have to join the war. 農民的兒子不必參軍了。
【用法詳解】
Have to譯為“不得不”，其中have可隨時態和人稱變化，其否定形式為don’t have to，譯為“不必”。
Eg: If we missed the train, we should have to wait an hour at the station.
如果我們錯過了火車，我們不得不在車站等一個小時。
Have to強調客觀上的需要，表示由于客觀因素而不得不做某事；
Eg: I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必須現在走，因為我有約。
【易混辨析】 join與take part in區別：
join為動詞，譯為“參加；加入”，常指加入某一組織，并成為其中一員。
Take part in，譯為“參加；加入”，常指參加某種活動，并起積極作用。
Eg: Do you remember when you joined the Party 你記得你什么時候入黨的嗎？
We should take part in school activities. 我們應該參加學校的活動。
【即學即用】
( )1. She will ______ the Young Pioneers.
join B. joins C. take part in D. takes part in
( )2. The teacher said we ______ finish our homework on time.
must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
But don’t you want to read it by yourself 但是難道你不想親自讀一下嗎？
【用法詳解】
yourself為反身代詞，譯為“你自己”，其復數形式為yourselves，譯為“你們自己”。
短語by oneself譯為“獨自地、親自地”等；常用來表示某人獨立地做某事或獨處。
在句中常常位于動詞之后作賓語。
Eg: I cooked dinner by myself. 我獨自做晚飯。
He built the treehouse by himself. 她獨自建造了這個樹屋。
【易混辨析】 of oneself、by oneself、for oneself、in oneself區別
Of oneself譯為“自發地、自動地”
By oneself譯為“獨自一人、獨立地”
For oneself譯為“為自己”
In oneself譯為“就其本身而言”
Eg: She woke up of herself. 她自己醒來的。
She used to sit by herself and read. 她從前常常獨自坐著看書。
You should work out the problem for yourself. 你應該獨立解決這個問題。
The wood is hard in itself. 這種木頭本身是硬的。
【即學即用】
( )1. If she didn’t fit the task, she will be leave _______.
by she B. by her C. by herself D. by hers
( )2. I am sure you can’t possibly carry all that _____. Let me help you.
for yourself B. of yourself C. in yourself D. by yourself
Two brothers came and lied to him. 兩個兄弟來騙他。
【用法詳解】
Lie在此處為動詞，譯為“說謊、躺、位于、擺放”；
注意：lie在譯為“躺、擺放”時，其過去式為lay，過去分詞為lain；
Lie在譯為“說謊”時，其過去式為lied；過去分詞為lied；
常見搭配：lie to sb. 對某人說話
Lie down 躺下
Eg: He lied to me . 他對我說話。
She lay on the bed all day yesterday. 她昨天整天躺在床上。
The village lies in a small forest. 村莊位于一座小森林里。
Lie也可為名詞，譯為“謊話”，其復數形式為lies。
常見搭配：tell a lie/lies 說謊
Eg: I do think that he doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信他沒有說謊。
【知識拓展】
Lay除了是lie的過去式外，也可譯為“產卵、安排、鋪設”等，此時其過去式和過去分詞均為laid。
Eg: My canary has laid an egg. 我的金絲雀下了一個蛋。
Lay out the tablecloth on the table. 把桌布鋪在桌子上。
A man came to lay the carpet. 一名男子來鋪地毯。
常見搭配：lay the table 擺設餐桌
Lay off 解雇
Eg: Please help me lay the table. 請幫我擺桌子。
So they had to lay off a third of the people. 所以公司不得不解雇三分之一的人。
【即學即用】
( )1. He asked me to ______ the table while he himself ______ in bed.
lay; lied B. lay; lay C. lied; laid D. lay; laid
( )2. The boy _____ to his mother that black hen _____ two eggs in the corner.
lied; had laid B. lay; lay C. lied; lain D. laid; lain
But only clever people can see them. 但是只有聰明人能看到它們。
【用法詳解】
Clever為形容詞，譯為“聰明的、巧妙的”等。
Eg: He is a clever student. 他是一個聰明的學生。
The plan was very clever. 這個計劃非常巧妙。
常見搭配：clever at 擅長某種技能或活動；
Clever in 在某個領域或方面聰明；
Clever with 擅長使用某種工具或技能；
Clever dick 賣弄聰明
Eg: He is clever at math. 他很擅長數學。
She is clever in art. 她在藝術方面很聰明。
He is clever with tools. 他擅長使用工具。
He is a clever dick. 他喜歡賣弄聰明。
【易混辨析】 clever和smart區別
Clever更側重于強調天生的智力或思維敏捷，常用來形容學習、理解或解決問題方面具有出色能力；
smart則側重于形容某人在應對各種情況時表現出的機智、精明或有策略。
Eg: You really are quite a clever little boy. 你真是個聰明的小家伙。
You look very smart in that suit. 你穿上這套衣服顯得很精神。
【即學即用】
( )1. She is very clever _____ solving puzzles.
at B. in C. with D. of
( )2. Sally is very ______, she knows how to work ______.
smart; smart; B. smart; clever C. clever; clever D. clever; smart
They pretend to make the clothes. 他們裝作在制作衣服。
【用法詳解】
pretend為動詞，譯為“假裝、裝作”。
常見搭配：pretend (not) to do sth. 裝作（不）做某事
Pretend to be doing sth. 裝作正在做某事
Pretend to be + 名詞/形容詞 裝作是...
Pretend that 從句 裝作...
Eg: He pretended to be reading a book when his mother came in. 他假裝在看書，當他媽媽進來時。
He pretended to be a doctor. 他假裝是醫生。
He pretended that he didn’t see me when I passed by. 當我經過時，他假裝沒有看見我。
He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假裝沒聽說過這件事。
【即學即用】
( )1. Don’t pretend ______ what you don’t know.
know B. to know C. knowing D. to knowing
( )2. He often pretends ______ when we came in.
to work B. to be working C. to working D. to be work
What lovely clothes! 多么可愛的衣服啊！
【用法詳解】 感嘆句的表達
How + 形容詞 (+ 主語 + 謂語！)= What (+ a/an) + 名詞 (+ 主語 + 謂語！)
注意：我們可以通過找句子的主語謂語來判斷用how還是what開頭：將句子的主語謂語去掉，
看看還有沒有名詞，有名詞用what開頭，沒名詞用how開頭。
Eg: How clever she is! = What a clever girl she is! 多聰明的女孩啊！
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！
【即學即用】
( C )1. ______ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
( B )2. ______ interesting book it is!
What B. What an C. How D. How an
( A )3. ______ good advice the teacher gave me!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
No one wanted to look silly. 沒有人想看起來愚蠢。
【用法詳解】
No one譯為“沒有人、任何人”，在句中可作主語、賓語或補語。
Eg: No one came to the party last night. 昨晚沒有人來參加派對。
She is no one to be trifled with. 她不是可以輕視的人。
【易混辨析】 no one和none區別
No one指代一個群體或類別中不存在某種特征或品質的成員，只能用來指人，不可與of連用；
None即可用來之人也可用來指物，后面常接of，構成“none of + 名詞/代詞”結構。
二者作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數。
Eg: No one enjoys this movie, it’s too boring. 沒有人喜歡這部電影，它太無聊了。
There are many books on my shelf, but none of them are up to date. 書架上的書不少但都是過時的。
【即學即用】
( )1. After the exam, I asked my classmates how they did. But ______ answered.
none B. no one C. nobody D. nothing
( )2. As we were asleep, _____ of us heard the sound.
none B. no one C. all D. both
The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝決定給每個人看看他的新衣。
【用法詳解】
decide為動詞，譯為“決定”；
常見搭配：decide to do sth. 決定做某事
Decide that從句 決定...
Decide on/upon sth. 決定某事
Eg: I decided to go to the party. 我決定去參加聚會。
He decided that he was right. 他斷定他是對的。
We decided on a date for the meeting. 我們決定了會議的日期。
Decide的名詞形式為decision，譯為“決定”。
常見搭配：make a decision 做出決定
Eg: It’s time to make a decision on the project. 是時候對這個項目做出決定了。
【即學即用】
( )1. They decided ______ to Beijing on Friday.
go B. going C. to go D. to going
2. The bottom line is that we have to make a _decision_ (decide) today.
People in the street praised them. 街上的人都在稱贊他們。
【用法詳解】
praise為動詞，譯為“表揚、贊揚”等；
常見搭配：praise sb./ sth. (for sth.) 因某事贊揚某人
Eg: Today, the teacher praised the students for their performance. 今天，老師稱贊了同學們的表現。
praise也可為名詞，譯為“贊美、表揚、稱贊”等。
常見搭配：in praise of ... 贊美...
Eg: His parents are full of praise for the progress he’s making. 他的父母對他取得的進步贊不絕口。
People wrote many poems in praise of our beloved Premier Zhou.
人們寫了許多詩詞歌頌我們敬愛的周總理。
【即學即用】
( )1. The coach _____ the player for his hard work during the training.
decided B. praised C. excused D. blamed
( )2. People praised him _____ saving the child in the water.
in B. at C. for D. to
They were afraid to look silly too. 他們也害怕看起來愚蠢。
【用法詳解】
afraid為形容詞，譯為“害怕的、擔心的”，常跟系動詞連用。
Eg: Don’t be afraid. 別怕。
I’m afraid I can’t pass the exam. 恐怕我不能通過考試。
常見搭配：be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事（因擔心可能會發生某事）
Be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）
Eg: I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕傷了她的感情。
I’m afraid to tell her. 我不敢告訴她。
【即學即用】
( )1. My little daughter is afraid ______ out at night alone.
go B. to go C. goes D. going
( )2. He is afraid ______ in front of his classmates.
to speak B. of speak C. to speaking D. speak
Everyone looked at one another. 每個人都面面相覷。
【易混辨析】 one another和each other區別
One another譯為“互相”，常用于描述三個或三個以上的相互關系；
Each other譯為“互相”，常用于兩人之間的相互關系。
Eg: The three friends respected one another. 這三個朋友互相尊重。
Mark and Mandy smiled at each other. 馬克和曼迪相互笑了笑。
【即學即用】
( )1. We should help _______.
each other B. one another C. every other D. another one
They laughed when a boy told the truth. 當男孩說實話時他們笑了。
【用法詳解】
Laugh為動詞，譯為“笑”；
Eg: The children all laughed loudly. 所有的孩子都大聲笑了。
常見搭配：laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
Eg: Don’t laugh at others’ mistakes. 不要嘲笑別人的錯誤。
laugh的名詞形式為laughter，譯為“笑聲”。
Eg: The room was filled with laughter. 房間里充滿了笑聲。
【易混辨析】 laugh與smile區別
laugh指因喜悅、愉快或輕視而出聲的笑，通常是大笑；
smile指面露微笑，側重于無聲，主要用于表達開心、友好或禮貌的情感。
Eg: She always makes me laugh. 她總是讓我發笑。
He smiled, his eyes full of laughter. 他露出了笑容，雙眼也滿含著笑意。
Truth為名詞，譯為“真相、事實、真理”；
常見搭配：tell the truth 說實話、講真話
In truth 真實地、實在
The truth of ... ...的真相
To tell the truth 說實話
Eg: I must tell you the truth about this. 我必須告訴你這件事的真相。
In truth, we were both unhappy. 事實上，我們倆都不高興。
The truth of the matter is ... 事情的真相是...
To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of her talk. 說實話，我在她講話過程中睡著了。
Truth的形容詞形式為true，譯為“真實的、真正的”。
Eg: True friendship is worth more than money. 真正的友誼比金錢更有價值。
【易混辨析】 true和real區別
true強調符合事實，是真的，而不是假的或編造的，與“假”相對；
real強調人或事物真實存在，而不是想象的或是虛構的，與“無”相對。
Eg: That may or may not be true. 這可能是真的，也可能不是。
Real power belongs to the few. 真正的權力掌握在少數人手中。
【即學即用】
( )1. Mr. Green is humorous (幽默的), so he often makes us ____ in class.
laugh B. laughter C. smile D. laugh at
( )2. Lu Xun’s ______ name is Zhou Shuren, the news about him is not ______.
real; real B. real; true C. true; true D. true; real
3. To tell the __________(true), I’ll be glad to get home.
“We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.” one of the brothers said.
“我們可以通過騙他賺很多錢。”一個兄弟說到。
【用法詳解】
By為介詞，譯為“通過”，也可譯為“由、被”
常見搭配：by doing sth. 通過做某事
Eg: He passed the exam by studying hard. 他通過努力學習通過了考試。
The book is written by Lu Xun. 這本書是魯迅寫的。
By也可為副詞，譯為“經過、在旁邊”。
Eg: I walked by the park. 我經過公園。
He sat by the window. 他坐在窗戶旁邊。
“One of + 可數名詞復數”，譯為“...之一”；作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
Eg: One of the children is from England. 孩子之一來自英國。
【即學即用】
( )1. She learnt English _______ English movies.
by watch B. by watching C. with watching D. of watching
( )2. This beautiful painting was done _____ Jane.
by B. with C. for D. of
( )3. One of my ______ coming to visit me.
friend is B. friends is C. friends are D. friend; are
I hate to be different. 我討厭與眾不同。
【用法詳解】
Hate為動詞，譯為“討厭、厭惡”。
常見搭配：hate sb./ sth. 討厭某人/某物
Hate to do sth. 不想做某事
Hate doing sth. 討厭做某事
Eg: I hate him. 我討厭他。
I hate to interrupt, but it’s time we left. 我不想打擾，但是我們離開的時間到了。
I hate speaking in public. 我討厭在公共場合說話。
【易混辨析】 hate與dislike區別
hate通常帶有更強烈的負面情感，表達清冽的憎恨或不滿，其反義詞為love；
Dislike則表示一種較輕的不喜歡或反感，，情感上沒那么強烈，其反義詞為like。
Eg: I hate his policy. 我討厭他的政策。
I dislike spring. 我不喜歡春天。
【即學即用】
( )1. He _______ taking bus, because he _____ the Gasoline odor (汽油味).
dislikes; hates; B. dislikes; dislikes C. hates; dislikes D. hates; hates
The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 國王等了幾個月變得很生氣。
【用法詳解】
wait為動詞，譯為“等待、等候”。
常見搭配：wait (for) sb./ sth. 等待某人/某物
Wait to do sth. 等待做某事
Wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
Wait in line 排隊等候
Wait one’s turn 等待輪到自己
Wait a minute/ moment 等一下、稍等片刻
Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
Eg: I am waiting for my friend. 我在等我的朋友。
She is waiting to hear the news. 她在等待聽到這個消息。
I am waiting for him to call me back. 我在等他給我回電話。
We had to wait in line for tickets. 我們不得不排隊買票。
Don’t be impatient, wait your turn. 別不耐煩，等著輪到你。
Wait a minute, I’ll just get my keys. 等一下，我拿一下鑰匙。
I can’t wait to go on vacation. 我迫不及待地想要去度假。
【即學即用】
( )1. I can’t wait ______ you again.
see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing
( )2. They decided to ______ the test results before making any decisions.
wait for B. wait to C. wait on D. wait out
Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse. 很快，藝術家畫了衣服美麗的馬圖。
【用法詳解】
quickly為副詞，譯為“快速地、立即”等，常常用來修飾動詞或整個句子。
Eg: You must resolve the situation quickly. 你必須快速化解這個問題。
Quickly的形容詞形式為quick，譯為“快速的、敏捷的”。
Eg: This book is a quick read. 這本書讀起來很快。
He is a quick learner. 他學得很快。
常見搭配：have a quick dinner = have dinner quickly 匆匆地吃晚飯
【易混辨析】 quickly和fast區別
quickly指思維或行動反應快，強調立即行動，不遲緩；
fast強調運動的速度快。
Eg: He finished his homework quickly. 他迅速地完成了作業。
The car is fast. 這輛車很快。
【即學即用】
( A )1. He ran and ran, but he couldn’t run ______ to catch the bus.
fast enough B. quick enough C. enough fast D. enough quickly
( B )2. _____ food now is becoming more and more popular all over the world.
Quick B. Fast C. Soon D. Quickly
At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings.
在河里，丑小鴨游得很好，就像其它的小鴨子一樣。
【用法詳解】
Just like可以用作副詞，放在句中，后面接名詞或句子，譯為“像...一樣”。
Eg: The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them.
慶祝活動那個的夜晚對他們來說就像圣誕節一樣。
【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others與another區別：
Other “其他的；另外的”常作限定詞使用，后面可以接名詞
The other “兩者中的另一個”為特指，常用結構為one..., the other... “一個...；另一個”
Others 用于已知的一些人或物中，出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。譯為“其他”為泛指，常用結構為some..., others... “一些...，另一些...”。Others = other + 可數名詞復數
The others用于指一定范圍內出去一個或一部分后，余下的全部人或物。譯為“其余的；其余全部”為特指，我們常用the others = the other + 可數名詞復數
Another “另一個；再一個”為泛指，三者或三者以上中的另一個
Eg: I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我現在不能見你 -- 也許別的時候吧。
I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.
我有兩個哥哥，一個是醫生，另一個是老師。
Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人開車來，另一些人走路來。
Can you give me another chance 你能再給我一次機會嗎？
【即學即用】
( )1. Two apples are not enough. Can I have _____ one
other B. the other C. others D. another
( )2. There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing football. Some are playing basketball, ____ are playing volleyball.
other B. the other C. others D. another
( )3. He sets an example to ______ students.
other B. the other C. others D. another
4. 她唱歌就像她媽媽一樣。
She sings _________ __________ her mother.
So he decided to search for a new home. 所以它決定尋找個新家。
【用法詳解】
search為動詞，譯為“尋找、調查、搜查”。
Eg: He searched every room in the house. 他在房子里的每個房間都進行了搜尋。
常見搭配：search for ... 尋找
Search for information about sth. 搜索關于某物的信息
Eg: I am searching for a lost phone. 我在找丟失的手機。
I am searching for information about the new movie. 我在查找關于新電影的信息。
【即學即用】
警察正在搜尋那個丟失的男孩。
The police ___________ ___________ __________ the lost boy.
I wish I looked like you! 我希望我像你們！
【用法詳解】
Wish在此處為動詞，譯為“希望”，
常見搭配：wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
Wish to do sth. 希望做某事
Wish + that從句 希望...
注意：接that從句時，常用虛擬語氣。
Eg: I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟經理說話。
He wished his son to be a teacher in the future. 他希望他的兒子未來成為一名老師。
I wish I were a bird flying in the sky. 我希望我是一只在天空飛翔的鳥。
wish還可作名詞，譯為“希望；愿望”。
常見搭配：have a wish 有一個愿望
Best wishes (to sb.) (給你) 最美好的祝福
Eg: The prince’s wish came true. 王子的愿望實現了。
Best wishes to you. 給你最美好的祝福。
【知識拓展】 wish與hope區別：
Wish 常指難以實現的“希望”后面即可加to do也可加 sb.to do sth.
Hope 常指容易實現的“希望”后面只能接to do
Eg: I hope to visit Beijing next month. “我希望下周參觀北京。”
My mum wishes me to finish my homework in an hour. “我媽媽 希望我一小時后完成作業。”
【即學即用】
( )1. She _____ she could swim like a fish.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( )2. We _____ to go climbing tomorrow.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( )3. I wish it ____ not so cold outside.
shall be B. be C. were D. is
To his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too.
令他吃驚的是，他看到他也是一只美麗的白天鵝了。
【用法詳解】
Surprise在此處為名詞，譯為“驚奇、驚訝”。
常見搭配：to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝的是
In surprise 驚訝地
Eg: I got a big surprise when I saw the gift. 當我看到那份禮物時，我大吃一驚。
To my surprise, he agreed to help me. 令我驚訝的是，他同意幫助我。
She looked at me in surprise. 她驚訝地看著我。
Surprise也可為動詞，譯為“驚訝”。
常見搭配：surprise sb. into doing sth. 使某人驚訝而做某事
Eg: The news surprised everyone. 這個消息讓每個人都感到驚訝。
He surprised me into accepting the job. 他使我驚訝而接受了這份工作。
Surprise的形容詞為surprised和surprising；surprised譯為“感到驚訝”用來修飾人；surprising譯為“感到驚訝的”用來修飾物。
常見搭配：be surprised at/by ... 對...感到驚訝
Eg: I’m surprised at your decision. 我對你的決定感到驚訝。
This is a surprising news. 這是一個令人吃驚的消息。
【即學即用】
( )1. To our _______, Sam wasn’t _______ at the _______ news.
surprise; surprised; surprise B. surprise; surprised; surprising
C. surprised; surprising; surprised D. surprising; surprised; surprise
( )2. _______, 90% of the money is hers.
In our surprise B. To our surprise C. To our surprises D. To me surprise
Were they friendly to the ugly duckling 他們對丑小鴨友好嗎？
【用法詳解】
friendly為形容詞，譯為“友好的”；其名詞形式為friend，譯為“朋友”。
常見搭配：be friendly to sb. 對某人友好
Be friendly with sb. 與某人友好相處
Eg: Those children are very friendly. 那些孩子們都很友好。
She is friendly to me. 她對我使友好的。
In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates.
在學校，我尊敬老師，與同學友好相處。
【即學即用】
Karen is a _________ (friend) girl.
( )2. My first teacher was ________ me.
friend to B. friend with C. friendly to D. friendly with
You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.
只有當你發出呼嚕聲或下蛋是，才歡迎你來這。
【用法詳解】
Welcome 在此處為動詞，譯為“歡迎”；還可為名詞，譯為“歡迎”。
常用搭配：welcome (back) to ... “歡迎（回）到...”
give sb. a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎某人
Eg: Welcome to Beijing. 歡迎來到北京。
The hotel gives everyone a warm welcome. 這個旅館熱烈歡迎每個人。
【即學即用】
( )1. -- Thank you very much.
-- _______
Sorry. B. OK. C. It doesn’t matter. D. You’re welcome.
2. 老舍茶館熱烈歡迎大家。
Laoshe Teahouse ___________ ___________ _________ ___________ __________
He opened it, a great cloud came out. 他打開它，一朵巨大的云出來了。
【用法詳解】
Come out為動詞短語，在此處譯為“出現、顯露”；還譯為“出版、結果、公開表明、（花朵）開放”。
Eg: The stars come out at night. 星星在夜晚出現。
Her new book comes out next month. 她的新書下個月出版。
The investigation came out with some surprising findings. 調查得出了一些令人驚訝的發現。
He came out as a writer last year. 他去年公開了自己作家的身份。
The roses will come out in May. 玫瑰將在五月開花。
【知識拓展】
come常見搭配：come across 偶然遇見
Come back 回來
Come from 來自
Come on 加油
Come up with 想出、提出
Eg: I came across a word I had never seen before. 我偶然遇到一個我以前從未看到的單詞。
The book will come back to the library next week. 那本書下周要還回圖書館。
She comes from Shanghai. 她來自上海。
Come on, you can do it. 加油，你可以完成。
He came up with a great idea for the project. 他提出了一個關于這個工程的好主意。
【即學即用】
( )1. When is her novel ______
come from B.come back C. come up with D. come out
Prepare to die! 準備死吧！
【用法詳解】
Prepare為動詞，譯為“準備”，其名詞形式為preparation，譯為“準備”。
常見搭配：prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 為某人準備某物
Prepare to do sth. 準備做某事
Make preparations for sth. 為...做準備
Eg: I need to prepare a presentation for tomorrow’s meeting. 我需要為明天的會議準備一個演示文稿。
Mother prepared me a nice breakfast. = Mother prepared a nice breakfast for me.
媽媽給我準備了一頓美味的早飯。
We are making preparations for the party. 我們正在為聚會做準備。
die為動詞，譯為“死”。
常見搭配：die from 死于（外部原因）
Die of 死于（內部原因）
Die for ... 為...而死
Die out 滅絕
Die away 逐漸消失
Eg: He died from a heart attack. 他死于心臟病。
She died of cancer. 她死于癌癥。
Many soldiers died for their country. 許多士兵為國捐軀。
Many species are dying out due to habitat loss. 許多物種因棲息地喪失而滅絕。
The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.
隨著我們走進森林，海浪的聲音逐漸消失了。
【易混辨析】 die、dead、dying、death區別
die為動詞，譯為“死亡”；
Dead為形容詞，譯為“已故的、死的”；
dying為形容詞，譯為“奄奄一息的”；
death為名詞，譯為“死亡”。
Eg: His father died last year. 他的父親去年去世了。
The cat is dead. 貓死了。
A dying man is lying on the street. 一個奄奄一息的人躺在街上。
His mother’s death was a great shock to him. 他母親的去世對他是一個巨大的打擊。
【即學即用】
( )1. They were ______ the river when it began to rain.
preparing for crossing B. preparing to cross
C. prepared for crossing D. prepared to cross
( )2. After a hard day’s work, I felt tired out to ______.
dead B. dying C. die D. death
( )3. I’m sorry to hear that many people died ____ the earthquake in the beginning, but later still more died ______ the diseases after the earthquake in Ya’an.
of; of B. from; from C.of; from D. from; of
If someone set me free, I would make them rich and powerful.
如果有人放我出去，我會讓他們富有和強大。
【用法詳解】
該句為if引導的虛擬條件句，虛擬條件句是指不能實現或純假想的情況，可以對過去、現在或將來進行假設，情況分一下三種：
與現在事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + 動詞原形”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去式/were”；
Eg: If I were you, I would go to the concert. 如果我是你，我將去音樂會。
與過去事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + have done”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去完成式had done”；
Eg: If you had taken my advice, you would have not got sick. 如果你接受我的建議，你就不會生病。
與將來事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + 動詞原形”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去式/were + to do”。
Eg: If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果你明天來，我們就開會。
If it were to rain, I would not go out. 如果下雨，我就不會去。
【知識拓展】
if還可以用來引導可能實現的條件狀語從句，此時要遵循“主將從現”原則，即主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 如果明天下雨，我們就不去動物園。
If還可譯為用來引導賓語從句，譯為“是否”，此時時態由具體情況而定。
Eg: I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否回來。
【即學即用】
( )1. If I had more time, I _____ visit my grandparents.
will B. would C. can D. am
( )2. Mary will go to Sanya if she _____ a five - day - trip.
have B. had C. will have D. has
( )3. I don’t know if he ______. If he ______, please let me know.
comes; comes B. will come; will come
C. will come; comes D. comes; will come
I would kill them instead of giving them anything. 我會殺了他們，而不是給他們任何東西。
【易混辨析】 instead和instead of區別
Instead為副詞，在順接句子中表示“代替”，在轉折句子中表示“然而”，通常位于句首或句末。
Eg: They didn’t meet her, they met her cousin instead. 他們沒有遇到她，而是遇到了她的表姐。
Instead of為介詞短語，后面常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示“代替；而不是”。
Eg: He drank some coffee instead of tea. 他沒有和咖啡，而是喝了一些茶。
【即學即用】
( )1. They stayed at home ______ going to the concert.
instead B. instead of C. and D. but
Would the fisherman succeed in saving himself 漁夫能成功自救嗎？
【用法詳解】
Succeed為動詞，譯為“成功、繼承”，其名詞形式為“success”，形容詞形式為“successful”；副詞形式為“successfully”。
Eg: His plan succeeded. 他的計劃成功了。
Confidence is the key to success. 信心是成功的關鍵。
She is a successful actress. 她是一名成功的演員。
常見搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
Succeed to sth. 繼承某物
Succeed after sth. 接替某物
Be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: He succeed in passing the exam. 他成功地通過了考試。
She succeeded to the mayoralty. 她繼承了市長職位。
We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister 誰接替邱吉爾出任首相？
They were successful in winning the contract. 他們終于爭取了那份合同。
【即學即用】
( )1. He finally succeeded ______ the driving test.
in passing B. in pass C. to passing D. to pass
( )2. Her ______ as a popular singer was short.
succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
Where do they take place 它們在哪里舉行？
【易混辨析】 take place與happen區別
happen (動詞) “發生”一般指偶然發生
take place “發生” 指有預謀、有計劃地發生
Eg: The next World Cup will take place in three years’ time. 下屆世界杯將在三年后舉辦。
She happened to meet her friend yesterday. 她昨天碰巧遇見了她的朋友。
【即學即用】
( )1. A bad accident _____ to that family.
happen B. happened C. took place D. take place
( )2. The final exam _____ next Thursday.
will take place B. take place C. will happen D. happen
知識點一：
知識點二：
知識點一：
知識點二：
知識點一：
知識點二：
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2024-2025學年七年級英語下冊單元速記巧練（人教版2024）
Unit 8 Once upon a Time速記巧練考點
The mouse bit through the net. 那只老鼠咬穿了網。
【用法詳解】
Bite為動詞，譯為“咬、啃、叮、刺”；其過去式為bit。
Eg: My sister’s dog bit me yesterday. 我妹妹的狗昨天咬了我。
常見搭配：bite sb. in/on 身體部位 咬某人的某個部位
注意：用in時表示“咬到里面”；用on時表示“咬住表面”。
Eg: The dog bit in the meat. 狗咬了一塊肉。（咬進嘴里）
The dog bit on the bone. 狗咬住了骨頭。
Bite也可為名詞，譯為“咬了一口”，其復數形式為bites。
Eg: He took a bite of the cake. 他吃了一口蛋糕。
【即學即用】
( C )1. The dog _______ my back.
bites on B. bites in C. bit on D. bit in
The lion let the mouse go. 獅子把老鼠放了。
【用法詳解】
Let為動詞，譯為“讓”，常常用來提出建議或請求。
常見搭配：let sb. (not) do sth. 讓某人（不）做某事
Eg: Let me help you. 讓我幫助你吧。
Let’s go to the park. 讓我們去公園吧。
Let him not go there. 讓他不要去那里。
【即學即用】
( D )1. Let’s _____ noise.
don’t make B. aren’t making C. didn’t make D. not make
The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠答應幫助獅子。
【用法詳解】
Promise在此處為動詞，譯為“答應、許諾”等；
常見搭配：promise to do sth. 答應做某事
Promise sb. to do sth. 答應某人做某事
Promise that從句 承諾...
Eg: He promised to come early. 他答應早點來。
I promised my mother to clean the room. 我答應我媽媽打掃房間。
He promised that he would study hard. 他承諾他會努力學習。
Promise也可為名詞，譯為“諾言”。
常見搭配：make a promise 許下諾言
Keep a promise 信守諾言
Break a promise 違背諾言
Promise oneself 指望、期待
Eg: I made a promise to my parents that I would study hard. 我向父母許下承諾會努力學習。
He always keeps a promise. 他總是信守諾言。
Don’t break a promise easily. 不要輕易違背諾言。
He promised himself a good vacation. 他期待自己有一個美好的假期。
【即學即用】
( B )1. We promised _______ the secret.
keep B. to keep C. keeping D. to keeping
2. 如果做出了承諾，就應該遵守。
If you _make_ _a_ _promise_, you should keep it.
The farmer’s son broke his leg. 農民的兒子摔壞了腿。
【用法詳解】
break為動詞，譯為“破壞、違背、打破、中斷”等；
Eg: The stone broke the window. 石頭打破了窗戶。
常見搭配：break into 闖入
Break out 爆發
Break through 突破
Break down 出故障、損壞
Break up 破裂、分開
Eg: The thieves broke into the bank. 小偷闖入銀行。
The war broke out in 1939. 戰爭在1939年爆發。
The scientist broke through in his research. 科學家在他的研究領域取得突破。
The car broke down on the way to the airport. 車在去機場的路上出故障了。
Their relationship broke up. 他們的關系破裂了。
Break也可為名詞，譯為“休息”。
常見搭配：have a break 休息一下
Eg: She is tired, she’d better have a break. 她太累了，她最好休息一下。
【即學即用】
( A )1. A fire ______ in the building.
broke out B. broke into C. broke down D. broke up
( A )2. The computer system ______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke into
The farmer’s son didn’t have to join the war. 農民的兒子不必參軍了。
【用法詳解】
Have to譯為“不得不”，其中have可隨時態和人稱變化，其否定形式為don’t have to，譯為“不必”。
Eg: If we missed the train, we should have to wait an hour at the station.
如果我們錯過了火車，我們不得不在車站等一個小時。
Have to強調客觀上的需要，表示由于客觀因素而不得不做某事；
Eg: I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必須現在走，因為我有約。
【易混辨析】 join與take part in區別：
join為動詞，譯為“參加；加入”，常指加入某一組織，并成為其中一員。
Take part in，譯為“參加；加入”，常指參加某種活動，并起積極作用。
Eg: Do you remember when you joined the Party 你記得你什么時候入黨的嗎？
We should take part in school activities. 我們應該參加學校的活動。
【即學即用】
( A )1. She will ______ the Young Pioneers.
join B. joins C. take part in D. takes part in
( A )2. The teacher said we ______ finish our homework on time.
must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
But don’t you want to read it by yourself 但是難道你不想親自讀一下嗎？
【用法詳解】
yourself為反身代詞，譯為“你自己”，其復數形式為yourselves，譯為“你們自己”。
短語by oneself譯為“獨自地、親自地”等；常用來表示某人獨立地做某事或獨處。
在句中常常位于動詞之后作賓語。
Eg: I cooked dinner by myself. 我獨自做晚飯。
He built the treehouse by himself. 她獨自建造了這個樹屋。
【易混辨析】 of oneself、by oneself、for oneself、in oneself區別
Of oneself譯為“自發地、自動地”
By oneself譯為“獨自一人、獨立地”
For oneself譯為“為自己”
In oneself譯為“就其本身而言”
Eg: She woke up of herself. 她自己醒來的。
She used to sit by herself and read. 她從前常常獨自坐著看書。
You should work out the problem for yourself. 你應該獨立解決這個問題。
The wood is hard in itself. 這種木頭本身是硬的。
【即學即用】
( C )1. If she didn’t fit the task, she will be leave _______.
by she B. by her C. by herself D. by hers
( D )2. I am sure you can’t possibly carry all that _____. Let me help you.
for yourself B. of yourself C. in yourself D. by yourself
Two brothers came and lied to him. 兩個兄弟來騙他。
【用法詳解】
Lie在此處為動詞，譯為“說謊、躺、位于、擺放”；
注意：lie在譯為“躺、擺放”時，其過去式為lay，過去分詞為lain；
Lie在譯為“說謊”時，其過去式為lied；過去分詞為lied；
常見搭配：lie to sb. 對某人說話
Lie down 躺下
Eg: He lied to me . 他對我說話。
She lay on the bed all day yesterday. 她昨天整天躺在床上。
The village lies in a small forest. 村莊位于一座小森林里。
Lie也可為名詞，譯為“謊話”，其復數形式為lies。
常見搭配：tell a lie/lies 說謊
Eg: I do think that he doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信他沒有說謊。
【知識拓展】
Lay除了是lie的過去式外，也可譯為“產卵、安排、鋪設”等，此時其過去式和過去分詞均為laid。
Eg: My canary has laid an egg. 我的金絲雀下了一個蛋。
Lay out the tablecloth on the table. 把桌布鋪在桌子上。
A man came to lay the carpet. 一名男子來鋪地毯。
常見搭配：lay the table 擺設餐桌
Lay off 解雇
Eg: Please help me lay the table. 請幫我擺桌子。
So they had to lay off a third of the people. 所以公司不得不解雇三分之一的人。
【即學即用】
( B )1. He asked me to ______ the table while he himself ______ in bed.
lay; lied B. lay; lay C. lied; laid D. lay; laid
( A )2. The boy _____ to his mother that black hen _____ two eggs in the corner.
lied; had laid B. lay; lay C. lied; lain D. laid; lain
But only clever people can see them. 但是只有聰明人能看到它們。
【用法詳解】
Clever為形容詞，譯為“聰明的、巧妙的”等。
Eg: He is a clever student. 他是一個聰明的學生。
The plan was very clever. 這個計劃非常巧妙。
常見搭配：clever at 擅長某種技能或活動；
Clever in 在某個領域或方面聰明；
Clever with 擅長使用某種工具或技能；
Clever dick 賣弄聰明
Eg: He is clever at math. 他很擅長數學。
She is clever in art. 她在藝術方面很聰明。
He is clever with tools. 他擅長使用工具。
He is a clever dick. 他喜歡賣弄聰明。
【易混辨析】 clever和smart區別
Clever更側重于強調天生的智力或思維敏捷，常用來形容學習、理解或解決問題方面具有出色能力；
smart則側重于形容某人在應對各種情況時表現出的機智、精明或有策略。
Eg: You really are quite a clever little boy. 你真是個聰明的小家伙。
You look very smart in that suit. 你穿上這套衣服顯得很精神。
【即學即用】
( A )1. She is very clever _____ solving puzzles.
at B. in C. with D. of
( D )2. Sally is very ______, she knows how to work ______.
smart; smart; B. smart; clever C. clever; clever D. clever; smart
They pretend to make the clothes. 他們裝作在制作衣服。
【用法詳解】
pretend為動詞，譯為“假裝、裝作”。
常見搭配：pretend (not) to do sth. 裝作（不）做某事
Pretend to be doing sth. 裝作正在做某事
Pretend to be + 名詞/形容詞 裝作是...
Pretend that 從句 裝作...
Eg: He pretended to be reading a book when his mother came in. 他假裝在看書，當他媽媽進來時。
He pretended to be a doctor. 他假裝是醫生。
He pretended that he didn’t see me when I passed by. 當我經過時，他假裝沒有看見我。
He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假裝沒聽說過這件事。
【即學即用】
( B )1. Don’t pretend ______ what you don’t know.
know B. to know C. knowing D. to knowing
( B )2. He often pretends ______ when we came in.
to work B. to be working C. to working D. to be work
What lovely clothes! 多么可愛的衣服啊！
【用法詳解】 感嘆句的表達
How + 形容詞 (+ 主語 + 謂語！)= What (+ a/an) + 名詞 (+ 主語 + 謂語！)
注意：我們可以通過找句子的主語謂語來判斷用how還是what開頭：將句子的主語謂語去掉，
看看還有沒有名詞，有名詞用what開頭，沒名詞用how開頭。
Eg: How clever she is! = What a clever girl she is! 多聰明的女孩啊！
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！
【即學即用】
( C )1. ______ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
( B )2. ______ interesting book it is!
What B. What an C. How D. How an
( A )3. ______ good advice the teacher gave me!
What B. What a C. How D. How a
No one wanted to look silly. 沒有人想看起來愚蠢。
【用法詳解】
No one譯為“沒有人、任何人”，在句中可作主語、賓語或補語。
Eg: No one came to the party last night. 昨晚沒有人來參加派對。
She is no one to be trifled with. 她不是可以輕視的人。
【易混辨析】 no one和none區別
No one指代一個群體或類別中不存在某種特征或品質的成員，只能用來指人，不可與of連用；
None即可用來之人也可用來指物，后面常接of，構成“none of + 名詞/代詞”結構。
二者作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數。
Eg: No one enjoys this movie, it’s too boring. 沒有人喜歡這部電影，它太無聊了。
There are many books on my shelf, but none of them are up to date. 書架上的書不少但都是過時的。
【即學即用】
( B )1. After the exam, I asked my classmates how they did. But ______ answered.
none B. no one C. nobody D. nothing
( A )2. As we were asleep, _____ of us heard the sound.
none B. no one C. all D. both
The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝決定給每個人看看他的新衣。
【用法詳解】
decide為動詞，譯為“決定”；
常見搭配：decide to do sth. 決定做某事
Decide that從句 決定...
Decide on/upon sth. 決定某事
Eg: I decided to go to the party. 我決定去參加聚會。
He decided that he was right. 他斷定他是對的。
We decided on a date for the meeting. 我們決定了會議的日期。
Decide的名詞形式為decision，譯為“決定”。
常見搭配：make a decision 做出決定
Eg: It’s time to make a decision on the project. 是時候對這個項目做出決定了。
【即學即用】
( C )1. They decided ______ to Beijing on Friday.
go B. going C. to go D. to going
2. The bottom line is that we have to make a _decision_ (decide) today.
People in the street praised them. 街上的人都在稱贊他們。
【用法詳解】
praise為動詞，譯為“表揚、贊揚”等；
常見搭配：praise sb./ sth. (for sth.) 因某事贊揚某人
Eg: Today, the teacher praised the students for their performance. 今天，老師稱贊了同學們的表現。
praise也可為名詞，譯為“贊美、表揚、稱贊”等。
常見搭配：in praise of ... 贊美...
Eg: His parents are full of praise for the progress he’s making. 他的父母對他取得的進步贊不絕口。
People wrote many poems in praise of our beloved Premier Zhou.
人們寫了許多詩詞歌頌我們敬愛的周總理。
【即學即用】
( B )1. The coach _____ the player for his hard work during the training.
decided B. praised C. excused D. blamed
( C )2. People praised him _____ saving the child in the water.
in B. at C. for D. to
They were afraid to look silly too. 他們也害怕看起來愚蠢。
【用法詳解】
afraid為形容詞，譯為“害怕的、擔心的”，常跟系動詞連用。
Eg: Don’t be afraid. 別怕。
I’m afraid I can’t pass the exam. 恐怕我不能通過考試。
常見搭配：be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事（因擔心可能會發生某事）
Be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）
Eg: I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕傷了她的感情。
I’m afraid to tell her. 我不敢告訴她。
【即學即用】
( B )1. My little daughter is afraid ______ out at night alone.
go B. to go C. goes D. going
( A )2. He is afraid ______ in front of his classmates.
to speak B. of speak C. to speaking D. speak
Everyone looked at one another. 每個人都面面相覷。
【易混辨析】 one another和each other區別
One another譯為“互相”，常用于描述三個或三個以上的相互關系；
Each other譯為“互相”，常用于兩人之間的相互關系。
Eg: The three friends respected one another. 這三個朋友互相尊重。
Mark and Mandy smiled at each other. 馬克和曼迪相互笑了笑。
【即學即用】
( B )1. We should help _______.
each other B. one another C. every other D. another one
They laughed when a boy told the truth. 當男孩說實話時他們笑了。
【用法詳解】
Laugh為動詞，譯為“笑”；
Eg: The children all laughed loudly. 所有的孩子都大聲笑了。
常見搭配：laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
Eg: Don’t laugh at others’ mistakes. 不要嘲笑別人的錯誤。
laugh的名詞形式為laughter，譯為“笑聲”。
Eg: The room was filled with laughter. 房間里充滿了笑聲。
【易混辨析】 laugh與smile區別
laugh指因喜悅、愉快或輕視而出聲的笑，通常是大笑；
smile指面露微笑，側重于無聲，主要用于表達開心、友好或禮貌的情感。
Eg: She always makes me laugh. 她總是讓我發笑。
He smiled, his eyes full of laughter. 他露出了笑容，雙眼也滿含著笑意。
Truth為名詞，譯為“真相、事實、真理”；
常見搭配：tell the truth 說實話、講真話
In truth 真實地、實在
The truth of ... ...的真相
To tell the truth 說實話
Eg: I must tell you the truth about this. 我必須告訴你這件事的真相。
In truth, we were both unhappy. 事實上，我們倆都不高興。
The truth of the matter is ... 事情的真相是...
To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of her talk. 說實話，我在她講話過程中睡著了。
Truth的形容詞形式為true，譯為“真實的、真正的”。
Eg: True friendship is worth more than money. 真正的友誼比金錢更有價值。
【易混辨析】 true和real區別
true強調符合事實，是真的，而不是假的或編造的，與“假”相對；
real強調人或事物真實存在，而不是想象的或是虛構的，與“無”相對。
Eg: That may or may not be true. 這可能是真的，也可能不是。
Real power belongs to the few. 真正的權力掌握在少數人手中。
【即學即用】
( A )1. Mr. Green is humorous (幽默的), so he often makes us ____ in class.
laugh B. laughter C. smile D. laugh at
( B )2. Lu Xun’s ______ name is Zhou Shuren, the news about him is not ______.
real; real B. real; true C. true; true D. true; real
3. To tell the _truth_(true), I’ll be glad to get home.
“We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.” one of the brothers said.
“我們可以通過騙他賺很多錢。”一個兄弟說到。
【用法詳解】
By為介詞，譯為“通過”，也可譯為“由、被”
常見搭配：by doing sth. 通過做某事
Eg: He passed the exam by studying hard. 他通過努力學習通過了考試。
The book is written by Lu Xun. 這本書是魯迅寫的。
By也可為副詞，譯為“經過、在旁邊”。
Eg: I walked by the park. 我經過公園。
He sat by the window. 他坐在窗戶旁邊。
“One of + 可數名詞復數”，譯為“...之一”；作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
Eg: One of the children is from England. 孩子之一來自英國。
【即學即用】
( B )1. She learnt English _______ English movies.
by watch B. by watching C. with watching D. of watching
( A )2. This beautiful painting was done _____ Jane.
by B. with C. for D. of
( B )3. One of my ______ coming to visit me.
friend is B. friends is C. friends are D. friend; are
I hate to be different. 我討厭與眾不同。
【用法詳解】
Hate為動詞，譯為“討厭、厭惡”。
常見搭配：hate sb./ sth. 討厭某人/某物
Hate to do sth. 不想做某事
Hate doing sth. 討厭做某事
Eg: I hate him. 我討厭他。
I hate to interrupt, but it’s time we left. 我不想打擾，但是我們離開的時間到了。
I hate speaking in public. 我討厭在公共場合說話。
【易混辨析】 hate與dislike區別
hate通常帶有更強烈的負面情感，表達清冽的憎恨或不滿，其反義詞為love；
Dislike則表示一種較輕的不喜歡或反感，，情感上沒那么強烈，其反義詞為like。
Eg: I hate his policy. 我討厭他的政策。
I dislike spring. 我不喜歡春天。
【即學即用】
( A )1. He _______ taking bus, because he _____ the Gasoline odor (汽油味).
dislikes; hates; B. dislikes; dislikes C. hates; dislikes D. hates; hates
The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 國王等了幾個月變得很生氣。
【用法詳解】
wait為動詞，譯為“等待、等候”。
常見搭配：wait (for) sb./ sth. 等待某人/某物
Wait to do sth. 等待做某事
Wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
Wait in line 排隊等候
Wait one’s turn 等待輪到自己
Wait a minute/ moment 等一下、稍等片刻
Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
Eg: I am waiting for my friend. 我在等我的朋友。
She is waiting to hear the news. 她在等待聽到這個消息。
I am waiting for him to call me back. 我在等他給我回電話。
We had to wait in line for tickets. 我們不得不排隊買票。
Don’t be impatient, wait your turn. 別不耐煩，等著輪到你。
Wait a minute, I’ll just get my keys. 等一下，我拿一下鑰匙。
I can’t wait to go on vacation. 我迫不及待地想要去度假。
【即學即用】
( C )1. I can’t wait ______ you again.
see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing
( A )2. They decided to ______ the test results before making any decisions.
wait for B. wait to C. wait on D. wait out
Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse. 很快，藝術家畫了衣服美麗的馬圖。
【用法詳解】
quickly為副詞，譯為“快速地、立即”等，常常用來修飾動詞或整個句子。
Eg: You must resolve the situation quickly. 你必須快速化解這個問題。
Quickly的形容詞形式為quick，譯為“快速的、敏捷的”。
Eg: This book is a quick read. 這本書讀起來很快。
He is a quick learner. 他學得很快。
常見搭配：have a quick dinner = have dinner quickly 匆匆地吃晚飯
【易混辨析】 quickly和fast區別
quickly指思維或行動反應快，強調立即行動，不遲緩；
fast強調運動的速度快。
Eg: He finished his homework quickly. 他迅速地完成了作業。
The car is fast. 這輛車很快。
【即學即用】
( A )1. He ran and ran, but he couldn’t run ______ to catch the bus.
fast enough B. quick enough C. enough fast D. enough quickly
( B )2. _____ food now is becoming more and more popular all over the world.
Quick B. Fast C. Soon D. Quickly
At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings.
在河里，丑小鴨游得很好，就像其它的小鴨子一樣。
【用法詳解】
Just like可以用作副詞，放在句中，后面接名詞或句子，譯為“像...一樣”。
Eg: The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them.
慶祝活動那個的夜晚對他們來說就像圣誕節一樣。
【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others與another區別：
Other “其他的；另外的”常作限定詞使用，后面可以接名詞
The other “兩者中的另一個”為特指，常用結構為one..., the other... “一個...；另一個”
Others 用于已知的一些人或物中，出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。譯為“其他”為泛指，常用結構為some..., others... “一些...，另一些...”。Others = other + 可數名詞復數
The others用于指一定范圍內出去一個或一部分后，余下的全部人或物。譯為“其余的；其余全部”為特指，我們常用the others = the other + 可數名詞復數
Another “另一個；再一個”為泛指，三者或三者以上中的另一個
Eg: I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我現在不能見你 -- 也許別的時候吧。
I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.
我有兩個哥哥，一個是醫生，另一個是老師。
Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人開車來，另一些人走路來。
Can you give me another chance 你能再給我一次機會嗎？
【即學即用】
( D )1. Two apples are not enough. Can I have _____ one
other B. the other C. others D. another
( C )2. There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing football. Some are playing basketball, ____ are playing volleyball.
other B. the other C. others D. another
( B )3. He sets an example to ______ students.
other B. the other C. others D. another
4. 她唱歌就像她媽媽一樣。
She sings _just_ _like_ her mother.
So he decided to search for a new home. 所以它決定尋找個新家。
【用法詳解】
search為動詞，譯為“尋找、調查、搜查”。
Eg: He searched every room in the house. 他在房子里的每個房間都進行了搜尋。
常見搭配：search for ... 尋找
Search for information about sth. 搜索關于某物的信息
Eg: I am searching for a lost phone. 我在找丟失的手機。
I am searching for information about the new movie. 我在查找關于新電影的信息。
【即學即用】
警察正在搜尋那個丟失的男孩。
The police _is_ _searching_ _for_ the lost boy.
I wish I looked like you! 我希望我像你們！
【用法詳解】
Wish在此處為動詞，譯為“希望”，
常見搭配：wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
Wish to do sth. 希望做某事
Wish + that從句 希望...
注意：接that從句時，常用虛擬語氣。
Eg: I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟經理說話。
He wished his son to be a teacher in the future. 他希望他的兒子未來成為一名老師。
I wish I were a bird flying in the sky. 我希望我是一只在天空飛翔的鳥。
wish還可作名詞，譯為“希望；愿望”。
常見搭配：have a wish 有一個愿望
Best wishes (to sb.) (給你) 最美好的祝福
Eg: The prince’s wish came true. 王子的愿望實現了。
Best wishes to you. 給你最美好的祝福。
【知識拓展】 wish與hope區別：
Wish 常指難以實現的“希望”后面即可加to do也可加 sb.to do sth.
Hope 常指容易實現的“希望”后面只能接to do
Eg: I hope to visit Beijing next month. “我希望下周參觀北京。”
My mum wishes me to finish my homework in an hour. “我媽媽 希望我一小時后完成作業。”
【即學即用】
( D )1. She _____ she could swim like a fish.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( A )2. We _____ to go climbing tomorrow.
hope B. hopes C. wish D. wishes
( C )3. I wish it ____ not so cold outside.
shall be B. be C. were D. is
To his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too.
令他吃驚的是，他看到他也是一只美麗的白天鵝了。
【用法詳解】
Surprise在此處為名詞，譯為“驚奇、驚訝”。
常見搭配：to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝的是
In surprise 驚訝地
Eg: I got a big surprise when I saw the gift. 當我看到那份禮物時，我大吃一驚。
To my surprise, he agreed to help me. 令我驚訝的是，他同意幫助我。
She looked at me in surprise. 她驚訝地看著我。
Surprise也可為動詞，譯為“驚訝”。
常見搭配：surprise sb. into doing sth. 使某人驚訝而做某事
Eg: The news surprised everyone. 這個消息讓每個人都感到驚訝。
He surprised me into accepting the job. 他使我驚訝而接受了這份工作。
Surprise的形容詞為surprised和surprising；surprised譯為“感到驚訝”用來修飾人；surprising譯為“感到驚訝的”用來修飾物。
常見搭配：be surprised at/by ... 對...感到驚訝
Eg: I’m surprised at your decision. 我對你的決定感到驚訝。
This is a surprising news. 這是一個令人吃驚的消息。
【即學即用】
( B )1. To our _______, Sam wasn’t _______ at the _______ news.
surprise; surprised; surprise B. surprise; surprised; surprising
C. surprised; surprising; surprised D. surprising; surprised; surprise
( B )2. _______, 90% of the money is hers.
In our surprise B. To our surprise C. To our surprises D. To me surprise
Were they friendly to the ugly duckling 他們對丑小鴨友好嗎？
【用法詳解】
friendly為形容詞，譯為“友好的”；其名詞形式為friend，譯為“朋友”。
常見搭配：be friendly to sb. 對某人友好
Be friendly with sb. 與某人友好相處
Eg: Those children are very friendly. 那些孩子們都很友好。
She is friendly to me. 她對我使友好的。
In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates.
在學校，我尊敬老師，與同學友好相處。
【即學即用】
Karen is a _friendly_ (friend) girl.
( C )2. My first teacher was ________ me.
friend to B. friend with C. friendly to D. friendly with
You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.
只有當你發出呼嚕聲或下蛋是，才歡迎你來這。
【用法詳解】
Welcome 在此處為動詞，譯為“歡迎”；還可為名詞，譯為“歡迎”。
常用搭配：welcome (back) to ... “歡迎（回）到...”
give sb. a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎某人
Eg: Welcome to Beijing. 歡迎來到北京。
The hotel gives everyone a warm welcome. 這個旅館熱烈歡迎每個人。
【即學即用】
( D )1. -- Thank you very much.
-- _______
Sorry. B. OK. C. It doesn’t matter. D. You’re welcome.
2. 老舍茶館熱烈歡迎大家。
Laoshe Teahouse _gives_ _everyone_ _a_ _warm_ _welcome_
He opened it, a great cloud came out. 他打開它，一朵巨大的云出來了。
【用法詳解】
Come out為動詞短語，在此處譯為“出現、顯露”；還譯為“出版、結果、公開表明、（花朵）開放”。
Eg: The stars come out at night. 星星在夜晚出現。
Her new book comes out next month. 她的新書下個月出版。
The investigation came out with some surprising findings. 調查得出了一些令人驚訝的發現。
He came out as a writer last year. 他去年公開了自己作家的身份。
The roses will come out in May. 玫瑰將在五月開花。
【知識拓展】
come常見搭配：come across 偶然遇見
Come back 回來
Come from 來自
Come on 加油
Come up with 想出、提出
Eg: I came across a word I had never seen before. 我偶然遇到一個我以前從未看到的單詞。
The book will come back to the library next week. 那本書下周要還回圖書館。
She comes from Shanghai. 她來自上海。
Come on, you can do it. 加油，你可以完成。
He came up with a great idea for the project. 他提出了一個關于這個工程的好主意。
【即學即用】
( D )1. When is her novel ______
come from B.come back C. come up with D. come out
Prepare to die! 準備死吧！
【用法詳解】
Prepare為動詞，譯為“準備”，其名詞形式為preparation，譯為“準備”。
常見搭配：prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 為某人準備某物
Prepare to do sth. 準備做某事
Make preparations for sth. 為...做準備
Eg: I need to prepare a presentation for tomorrow’s meeting. 我需要為明天的會議準備一個演示文稿。
Mother prepared me a nice breakfast. = Mother prepared a nice breakfast for me.
媽媽給我準備了一頓美味的早飯。
We are making preparations for the party. 我們正在為聚會做準備。
die為動詞，譯為“死”。
常見搭配：die from 死于（外部原因）
Die of 死于（內部原因）
Die for ... 為...而死
Die out 滅絕
Die away 逐漸消失
Eg: He died from a heart attack. 他死于心臟病。
She died of cancer. 她死于癌癥。
Many soldiers died for their country. 許多士兵為國捐軀。
Many species are dying out due to habitat loss. 許多物種因棲息地喪失而滅絕。
The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.
隨著我們走進森林，海浪的聲音逐漸消失了。
【易混辨析】 die、dead、dying、death區別
die為動詞，譯為“死亡”；
Dead為形容詞，譯為“已故的、死的”；
dying為形容詞，譯為“奄奄一息的”；
death為名詞，譯為“死亡”。
Eg: His father died last year. 他的父親去年去世了。
The cat is dead. 貓死了。
A dying man is lying on the street. 一個奄奄一息的人躺在街上。
His mother’s death was a great shock to him. 他母親的去世對他是一個巨大的打擊。
【即學即用】
( B )1. They were ______ the river when it began to rain.
preparing for crossing B. preparing to cross
C. prepared for crossing D. prepared to cross
( C )2. After a hard day’s work, I felt tired out to ______.
dead B. dying C. die D. death
( D )3. I’m sorry to hear that many people died ____ the earthquake in the beginning, but later still more died ______ the diseases after the earthquake in Ya’an.
of; of B. from; from C.of; from D. from; of
If someone set me free, I would make them rich and powerful.
如果有人放我出去，我會讓他們富有和強大。
【用法詳解】
該句為if引導的虛擬條件句，虛擬條件句是指不能實現或純假想的情況，可以對過去、現在或將來進行假設，情況分一下三種：
與現在事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + 動詞原形”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去式/were”；
Eg: If I were you, I would go to the concert. 如果我是你，我將去音樂會。
與過去事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + have done”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去完成式had done”；
Eg: If you had taken my advice, you would have not got sick. 如果你接受我的建議，你就不會生病。
與將來事實相反時：主句謂語動詞形式為“would/should/could/might + 動詞原形”，條件句的謂語形式為“動詞過去式/were + to do”。
Eg: If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果你明天來，我們就開會。
If it were to rain, I would not go out. 如果下雨，我就不會去。
【知識拓展】
if還可以用來引導可能實現的條件狀語從句，此時要遵循“主將從現”原則，即主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 如果明天下雨，我們就不去動物園。
If還可譯為用來引導賓語從句，譯為“是否”，此時時態由具體情況而定。
Eg: I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否回來。
【即學即用】
( B )1. If I had more time, I _____ visit my grandparents.
will B. would C. can D. am
( D )2. Mary will go to Sanya if she _____ a five - day - trip.
have B. had C. will have D. has
( C )3. I don’t know if he ______. If he ______, please let me know.
comes; comes B. will come; will come
C. will come; comes D. comes; will come
I would kill them instead of giving them anything. 我會殺了他們，而不是給他們任何東西。
【易混辨析】 instead和instead of區別
Instead為副詞，在順接句子中表示“代替”，在轉折句子中表示“然而”，通常位于句首或句末。
Eg: They didn’t meet her, they met her cousin instead. 他們沒有遇到她，而是遇到了她的表姐。
Instead of為介詞短語，后面常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示“代替；而不是”。
Eg: He drank some coffee instead of tea. 他沒有和咖啡，而是喝了一些茶。
【即學即用】
( B )1. They stayed at home ______ going to the concert.
instead B. instead of C. and D. but
Would the fisherman succeed in saving himself 漁夫能成功自救嗎？
【用法詳解】
Succeed為動詞，譯為“成功、繼承”，其名詞形式為“success”，形容詞形式為“successful”；副詞形式為“successfully”。
Eg: His plan succeeded. 他的計劃成功了。
Confidence is the key to success. 信心是成功的關鍵。
She is a successful actress. 她是一名成功的演員。
常見搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
Succeed to sth. 繼承某物
Succeed after sth. 接替某物
Be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: He succeed in passing the exam. 他成功地通過了考試。
She succeeded to the mayoralty. 她繼承了市長職位。
We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister 誰接替邱吉爾出任首相？
They were successful in winning the contract. 他們終于爭取了那份合同。
【即學即用】
( A )1. He finally succeeded ______ the driving test.
in passing B. in pass C. to passing D. to pass
( B )2. Her ______ as a popular singer was short.
succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
Where do they take place 它們在哪里舉行？
【易混辨析】 take place與happen區別
happen (動詞) “發生”一般指偶然發生
take place “發生” 指有預謀、有計劃地發生
Eg: The next World Cup will take place in three years’ time. 下屆世界杯將在三年后舉辦。
She happened to meet her friend yesterday. 她昨天碰巧遇見了她的朋友。
【即學即用】
( B )1. A bad accident _____ to that family.
happen B. happened C. took place D. take place
( A )2. The final exam _____ next Thursday.
will take place B. take place C. will happen D. happen
知識點一：
知識點二：
知識點一：
知識點二：
知識點一：
知識點二：
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