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專題06 閱讀理解之議論文18篇
There is no such thing as a quick Web search. For example, you just want to look up one thing. But before you know it, you are likely to find more than 37 sites, and 45 minutes are likely to be wasted on what should be a 30-second exercise.
We used to waste our spare time in front of the TV. There is an old saying: No one can become successful sitting on the couch watching TV. The same is true of the Internet. And endlessly surfing the Web isn’t going to get your goals done. Nor is it going to magically make you successful. So reduce your endless surfing. But what should you do
If you really need to get work done without being disturbed, turn off the Internet. Use “airplane mode” on your phone. If you need a better way to do that, there are software apps that will let you block certain websites for a certain amount of time. These apps can block news but still let you do your work, research, etc.
These days, information can be easily found through a click or Web search. But do you really need to know the answer to every bit of trivia (瑣事) that pops up in the course of your day Try not to immediately look everything up on the Internet. One search could end up costing you hours of time.
If you must search the Internet, set a time limit on your Web adventure. You’d better set an actual time. This can prevent you from staying online for too long. Leave the Internet immediately when you’re reminded to do that.
When you are surfing the Web, you may want to keep reading each linked (鏈接的) article. A great way to stop this is to save “other” articles and read them later. Use an app to save those articles. This allows you to save important information while preventing you from endlessly reading now.
1．The author writes the first two paragraphs to .
A．compare televisions and computers B．show how to find information
C．lead into the topic of the passage D．show the function of TV
2．What are the software apps mentioned in Paragraph 3 used for
A．Blocking advertisements online. B．Saving some money for you.
C．Providing us with interesting news. D．Limiting our use on certain websites.
3．What does the author suggest doing in Paragraph 5
A．Staying away from the Internet. B．Not communicating with others online.
C．Not reading other linked articles online. D．Setting a time limit for Web search.
4．In which column of a newspaper can you read the passage
A．Art and Style. B．Science and Technology.
C．Nature and Geography. D．Sports and Health.
The Qixi Festival, the Chinese equivalent (等同于) of Valentine’s Day that fell yesterday, was not only a disappointment for forgotten lovers, but also for businessmen left with empty pockets.
The cold attitude has made cultural experts seriously worry that the lovers’ festival, marked for generations since the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), is dying out. Some have even called for legislation (立法) to make the festival a legal Chinese Lovers’ Day, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar year. But the effectiveness of such a measure is in doubt, although efforts to preserve traditional festivals deserve high praise.
A growing number of traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, share the same fate as the Qixi Festival. Young people are showing less interest in traditional culture as symbolized by these festivals. Even if all traditional festivals are finally made legal, the risk of them becoming purely formalized celebrations with little meaning is not removed. If the younger generation fails to appreciate the cultural significance of these holidays, there is little that can be done.
While complaining about traditional festivals fading in appeal, decision-makers should reflect on cultural protection. Undeniably, our country has done a bad job of preserving culture and traditional festivals, compared to neighboring Japan and Korea. Only a few years ago did China begin to realize the significance of preserving intangible (非物質) cultural heritage when Korea planned to apply to UNESCO (聯合國教科文組織) to list its version of the Dragon Boat Festival as an important example of intangible culture.
Concern about the traditional holidays also reminds people of the growing influence of foreign cultures as the country opens wider to the outside world. With traditional festivals becoming less important and imports such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day gaining widespread popularity, the public, including cultural professionals, has tended to measure traditional Chinese festivals in economic terms. How much money can be made during the holidays is taken into consideration.
In fact, what makes traditional festivals unique and what keeps them alive is their cultural elements. After all, it is a unique culture that contributes to the world’s diversity with globalization.
5．What makes Chinese cultural experts worry that the lovers’ festival is dying out
A．The disappointment for both businessmen and lovers.
B．The ignorance of the public to the Qixi Festival.
C．The failure to make traditional Chinese festivals legal.
D．The action to preserve culture and traditional festivals.
6．The public looks at the effectiveness of the legalization of the Qixi Festival with a(n)______attitude.
A．doubtful B．favorable
C．indifferent D．hopeful
7．From Paragraph 3, we can learn that ______.
A．traditional festivals are celebrated by more young people
B．legal celebrations reduce the risk of the disappearance of traditional culture
C．the significance of traditional festivals should be better recognized
D．young people value traditional culture but they can do little
8．The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to ______.
A．remind us that the cultural factors make traditional festivals live on
B．complain that Japan and Korea do a better job of preserving culture
C．inform the public of the importance of the globalization
D．warn people against the business role in celebrating traditional festivals
What’s best: a brand new phone or a day out with your friends Is it better to spend money to buy things or to do things A study of UK consumers showed that six in ten people would rather spend their money on something to do than on something to have. Those aged 18 — 34 reported spending the highest amount on fun activities.
Material possessions (物質財產) can last for many years, while experiences are fleeting. This, however, might be the wrong way to look at things. Psychology professor Thomas Gilovich discovered that the happiness that objects provide can disappear quickly. We adapt to having new possessions, so that rather than being something we are excited by, they just become our new normal. Soon we may even want to buy a better version of the things we own. Our feelings around possessions can also be affected by others. We tend to compare what we have with other people. If someone else has something better, we can start to feel jealous.
A holiday or a day out may be short, but the happiness it provides can last much longer. Waiting for our latest purchases to be delivered is disappointing, but waiting for an exciting event gives us a feeling of expectation. Experiences are often shared, so we gain pleasure from social connection and time spent with other people. Memories of our experiences become part of our identity. As Gilovich points out, we are the sum of our experiences. Indeed, the very fact that experiences last for a limited time can give them value. A physical good gets worse over time, while our memories of an experience can give us pleasure year after year.
Of course, it’s not always that simple. Other studies have suggested that happiness gained from experiences might depend on your personality type, and how many possessions you already have. People with more introverted (內向的) personality types may get less benefit from social occasions and those with few possessions may get greater benefit from objects. However, for many of us, it could be that when choosing how to spend money, we’ll get far more benefit by spending on experiences, rather than possessions.
9．What is the main conclusion of the new study
A．Young people spend much on expensive items.
B．Materials bring more happiness than memories.
C．Four in ten people enjoy a high level of material wealth.
D．Quite a few people prefer doing things to buying things.
10．What does the underlined word “fleeting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Short-lived. B．Time-tested.
C．Eye-catching. D．Far-reaching.
11．How does the author mainly develop the argument in paragraph 3
A．By giving expert advice. B．By making comparisons.
C．By providing examples. D．By sharing some stories.
12．What is the author’s attitude towards spending money on experiences
A．Cautious. B．Doubtful. C．Negative. D．Favorable.
The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health
In recent years, social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat have become very popular among teenagers. These platforms help people stay in touch and share their lives. However, studies show that using social media too much can affect mental health.
Spending too much time online may cause anxiety, loneliness, and low self-esteem. Many people feel pressure to look perfect on social media, which can make them feel bad about themselves. On the other hand, social media can also be helpful when used wisely. It allows people to find supportive communities, share their creativity, and stay updated on important news.
In conclusion, social media is a powerful tool that can have both positive and negative effects on mental health. While it helps people connect and express themselves, excessive use can lead to stress and self-doubt. Finding a balance and using social media mindfully is the key to making the most of it.
13．What is one possible negative effect of using social media too much
A．It may cause anxiety and loneliness.
B．It helps people stay connected.
C．It makes people more confident.
D．It encourages people to be more creative.
14．Why do some people feel bad about themselves when using social media
A．They don’t have enough followers. B．They feel pressure to look perfect.
C．They spend too little time online. D．They cannot post creative content.
15．What is one way social media can be helpful
A．It stops people from feeling lonely.
B．It reduces the time people spend online.
C．It always makes people feel good.
D．It helps people find supportive communities.
16．Which of the following social media platforms is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Facebook B．Snapchat C．TikTok D．Instagram
17．Which of the following is the best way to use social media wisely
A．Only look at pictures of famous celebrities.
B．Spend as much time as possible online.
C．Avoid all social media completely.
D．Follow positive content and connect with supportive people.
Do you believe in a higher power Many people think religious beliefs are part of human nature. This doesn’t mean specific beliefs are rooted in our brains, but our minds seem to naturally believe in supernatural beings. Some think these supernatural beliefs have damaged useful parts of our minds. However, Dominic Johnson, in his book “God Is Watching You,” argues that believing in God, especially in higher power that can punish. is actually helpful to evolution (發展).
Johnson suggests that it’s not harmful to overreact to things that don’t exist. But failing to notice dangerous signs, like dangerous animals, could be deadly. This has led to an evolutionary preference to alert (警覺) about hidden threats everywhere. This alertness is common even among those who don’t believe in God. For example, an experiment showed that people were more likely to contribute to a shared coffee fund when there was a picture of eyes on the collection box.
Johnson also points out that societies that punish cheaters are more likely to become stronger. He talks about the philosopher (哲學家) John Locke, whose research on 186 pre-industrial cultures found that religious beliefs were more common in larger, more complex societies. While this doesn’t prove that these beliefs caused social complexity, the finding prove Johnson’s theory that religion beliefs allow societies to take action together and plan for the future.
Johnson believes that the religious belief is deeply rooted in human mind. Critics of the beliefs should consider working with them rather than against them. As for what form a religious belief might take, the author keeps it an open question. Maybe this is a little difficult book to read or understand. It really needs readers’ patience.
18．Why does the author mention “eyes” experiment in paragraph 2
A．To praise people’s kind behavior. B．To show people’s preference for coffee.
C．To stress the effect of pictures on humans. D．To prove the commonness of alertness among humans.
19．What can we infer from John Locke’s research
A．Religion helps make future development. B．Religion is a result of complex societies.
C．Religion is widely spread in weak countries. D．Religion can completely decide social power.
20．What is the focus of the passage
A．Roots of religious beliefs. B．Evolutionary advantage of religious beliefs.
C．Social power and complexity. D．Punishment in religious context.
21．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book. B．A story about a philosopher.
C．A guidebook to religious beliefs. D．A research on people’s patience.
①In the opinion of some people, the most direct, most touching, and easiest way of protecting wild animals, without doubt, is “the rescue of each individual wild animal”. On seeing a recovered bird return to the blue sky, they will feel moved with hot tears in the eyes.
②However, what is very easily ignored by them is that the value of protecting each individual wild animal usually does not lie in the individual wild animal itself but more frequently in the entire species behind each individual. In this aspect, this is different from the rescue of weak individuals in the human society.
③There are many differences between animals and human beings. The biggest difference possibly lies in that animals are short of social culture. But here, the culture refers to “the behavior pattern having nothing to do with heredity (遺傳), but which may be copied and inherited (繼承)”.
④Human beings depend on culture for heritage. As time passes by, the culture has been accumulated to distinguish one group from another. Therefore, the protection of culture is important and necessary. However, wild animals depend on genes for heritage, and therefore, it is important and necessary to keep natural genes in existence. As long as wild animals can pass genes down, the entire species survive.
⑤Therefore, wild animals’ value mostly lies in their genes, and the existence of the species is more important. The individual death cannot be avoided, but the gene may exist forever through the gene bank of the species, keeping the species existent.
⑥When we protect wild animal individuals, this is more a measure than a goal. Therefore, the Yellowstone Park has introduced the wolf to control the number of deer and get rid of the old, weak, sick and disabled. Such behavior is beyond imagination among human beings, but in the nature, this is completely normal and reasonable. We often observe wild animals with the judgment that we may have to human beings, ignoring the differences.
⑦But if species itself is not in danger, then working hard to protect the individual can do nothing good to the entire species. Of course for other reasons, we still hope to protect these individuals from death, but valuing their genes is more important when protecting wild animals.
22．What is the key difference between humans and animals
A．Animals lack social culture.
B．Humans have more genes than animals.
C．Humans can communicate more effectively.
D．Animals’ behavior patterns depend entirely on heredity.
23．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed in terms of writing methods
A．By offering data.
B．By presenting effects.
C．By providing examples.
D．By making comparisons.
24．As for the Yellowstone Park’s behavior in Paragraph 6, the author is ______.
A．critical B．doubtful
C．supportive D．unconcerned
25．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Wildlife Protection: Genes over Individuals
B．The Emotional Stories behind Animal Rescue
C．Gene Bank: the Challenge of Animal Protection
D．Cultural Differences between Humans and Animals
Have you ever smelled flowers and thought, “Wow, these colors and smells just belong together” That kind of all-in-one feeling is what Integrated Information Theory (IIT，整合信息論) tries to explain. IIT is a brave (and kind of brain-mixing) idea about how we’re aware of the world, put forward by brain scientist Giulio Tononi in the early 2000s.
The basic idea Awareness happens when parts of a system — like your brain — work together and share information in a super-connected way. Think of it like a group chat: if everyone’s talking and sharing ideas, the group knows more than any one person alone. That “togetherness” is measured by something called “phi” (yes, it sounds like a superhero name). The higher the phi, the more aware the system might be.
For example, the outer part of your brain — the part that helps you think, feel, and daydream in class — is full of connections. So it probably has a high phi. But the lower parts of the brain, even though they have lots of neurons (神經元), don’t talk to each other much. And if they’re damaged, people usually stay aware — so maybe they don’t matter as much for awareness.
Here’s where IIT gets strange: it says that anything with high phi — even a great computer chip — might be a little bit aware. For example, is your toaster (烤面包機) secretly thinking about your breakfast Not everyone is a fan. In 2023, scientist Andrea Soddu and his team tried measuring phi in real brains during sleep. They found phi dropped in two areas — possibly key spots for awareness. Still, critics (批評家) like Scott Aaronson say those drops just show normal brain changes. In fact, 124 brain scientists even signed a letter calling IIT “fake (假的) science”.
Supporters argue IIT isn’t perfect, but it’s still a real idea worth exploring. After all, even big ideas start small — just like neurons.
26．How does the author explain the basic idea of IIT
A．By quoting from a brain scientist. B．By presenting a detailed process.
C．By comparing it to a common situation. D．By showing the picture produced by IIT.
27．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The higher phi in a damaged brain. B．The neuron differences in brain parts.
C．The function of neurons and awareness. D．The example of phi-awareness relationship.
28．What is the critics’ main argument about IIT
A．Phi reflects normal brain changes. B．It overstates the role of awareness.
C．It ignores the variety of brain structure. D．Experiments fail to include enough people.
29．Which is the best title for the text
A．How IIT Improves Brain Science
B．IIT: An Argued Theory of Awareness
C．How Brain Injuries Prove Modern Neuroscience
D．Phi: A New Tool for Measuring Computer Awareness
Many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.
A friend of mine recently told me that she hadn’t spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn’t speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case, when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.
Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (問題)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn’t mean that you’re wrong. Everything will be fine. You’ll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.
You’ll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”, they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don’t, that’s okay too. You’ll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have don your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself.
30．The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”.
A．develop B．recover C．accept D．establish
31．According to the author, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________.
A．our own opinions matter most. B．others will be less defensive.
C．our positions are higher than others. D．we can turn small issues into big ones.
32．The best thing to do after a quarrel is to ________.
A．let go of our own rights B．realize you’re wrong
C．expect others to give in D．contact others first
33．What is the main idea of the passage
A．We should keep peaceful when facing small stuff.
B．We should tell apart small and big stuff in our daily life.
C．Reaching out and apologizing wins one peace and happiness.
D．It’s necessary for us to enjoy our friendship and family relationship.
The average American reportedly gets about 70 smartphone notifications (通知) a day. According to a new study from Common Sense Media, the number is far higher for teenagers, whose phones ding and vibrate (振動) with hundreds or even thousands of daily alerts. This constant flood distracts us from work, life and each other.
“The simple ping of a notification is enough to pull our attention elsewhere,” said Professor Kosta Kushlev, a behavioral scientist at Georgetown University. “Even if we don’t check them. This can affect productivity and stress, but also our own well-being and those around us.”
I doubted those figures until I scrolled through my own home screen. I get push alerts from news sites, local governments, delivery services, sellers offering discounts and flash sales, and more.
“Humans are not good at multitasking,” remarked Kushlev. “It takes extra time and effort to switch our attention. We feel more depleted. We get interrupted so many times a day that these effects can add up to meaningful decreases in our well-being and social connection.”
I am grateful for up-to-the-minute pings on the shakeup in Congress or that the Bears have won. I’m eager for messages from our family. But I wonder why The New York Times feels it is urgent to alert me, as they did this week, about “The 6 Best Men’s and Women’s Cashmere Sweaters”.
This is, of course, a situation mostly of our own making, constructed click by click. We can choose to check notifications just a couple of times a day. But does that risk delay, real or imagined, in seeing something we really need to see Or that would simply delight us
The promise of instant communication has turned into information overload. So many urgent notifications, not many of which are truly urgent; and only a few are even interesting. So many hours spent staring at the light of a small screen, as if it were a crystal ball, searching for news, rumors, opportunity and direction, while often ignoring the world around us.
34．Why does the author mention his own notifications in paragraph 3
A．To challenge the study’s findings.
B．To contrast with teenagers’ experiences.
C．To prove that phone pings are overwhelming.
D．To highlight the variety of notifications that exist.
35．What does the underlined word “depleted” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Exhausted. B．Satisfied. C．Inspired. D．Amazed.
36．What does the author question about some notifications
A．Their accuracy. B．Their relevance.
C．Their frequency. D．Their equality.
37．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the text
A．Fewer dings, please!
B．More dings, more information.
C．No more social connections.
D．A guide to avoiding information overload.
While you might find it hard to believe, many experienced educators are voicing support for shorter school days. Looking around the globe, you’ ll quickly see nations with leading academic results practicing it
Professor Michael Baker of the University of Toronto conducted a study on school hours. His research, involving 18 countries and over a million students, suggested that increased studying hours resulted in only slightly improved academic results. He argues for fewer school hours, believing that a reduction could lead to less burnout in students.
The Finnish approach is often considered groundbreaking, with their students normally outperforming those of the same age worldwide. The country s secret trick includes shorter school days coupled with more creative learning ways. Dr. Pasi Sahlberg, a Finnish educator and author, connects Finland’s academic success to these practices. He states that children should have sufficient time for play, rest, and family, contributing to a balanced life.
Japan is another country on the high performing list, with its students regularly topping international academic levels. They too operate with fewer school hours, choosing a more content-rich, concentrated curriculum (課程). Dr. Yoshihiko Baba, an education policy adviser for the Japanese government, argues that this concentration of rich content over longer hours is a valuable contributor to their success.
Still, many educators disagree, stating concerns about working parents, child management, and access to meals for lower-income (低收入) families. Yet, in a period when flexibility is key, these problems could be addressed by creative community solutions.
As information continues to pour in, schools should remain open to changing their schedules for the improvement of student well-being and academic performance.
You’ ve seen how shorter school days could be the key to improving student well-being and academic performance. It’s about making the hours count rather than counting the hours. So,it’s time to reflect: Shouldn’t we be rethinking the school day length After all, if the goal is to educate well-rounded, happy students who stand out academically, a shorter school day might just be the solution we’ ve been searching for.
38．What did Michael Baker find in his research
A．Students concentrate more on philosophy.
B．Studying longer makes little difference.
C．18 countries support longer school hours.
D．Many students are suffering from burnout.
39．Which is the key to the great performance of Japanese students
A．The subjects they are taught. B．The longer time they spend.
C．The balanced life they have. D．The money their families make.
40．Why are some educators against shorter school days
A．It may be more challenging to parent. B．Communities may not offer the support.
C．Schools can’t change their schedules. D．Parents can’t afford the education fee.
41．What is the passage mainly about
A．Some reasons for shortening school days.
B．Different countries have varied school days.
C．Experts’ positive attitude to shorter school days.
D．The necessity of increasing the school day length.
For most people, AI is still seen as just chatbots like ChatGPT—a helpful, if imperfect, tool for answering questions. But that view may undersell the scale（規模）of change that AI is about to bring.
Adam Dorr, a researcher at the think tank RethinkX, warns that AI will reshape industries faster than we expect. He explains, “What we’re seeing with AI today follows the same historical pattern（模式）we’ve seen with every major technological change. It doesn’t take 50 or 100 years for industries to change. It takes 15 to 20years, sometimes even less. AI is already changing how work is done. It is not only used for boring, routine tasks; it is growing rapidly and may soon take over entire jobs.”
One major change is the marriage of advanced AI with robotics. For example, self-driving cars are already seen in a handful of American cities. Dorr believes that these cars will take over the country’s roads within the next two years. “And once AI is in vehicles, it won’t stop there. It will quickly move into other robotic forms, including robots that look and act like people,” Dorr says.
Most jobs aren’t single activities; they are a collection of tasks, Dorr argues, and AI will gradually chip away at them. At first, AI will help workers, improving efficiency（效率）and productivity. But as it improves, it will eliminate the need for humans and perform those tasks by itself, slowly replacing human work.
A recent interview found that 37 percent of companies using AI have already replaced human workers, with 44 percent planning layoffs in 2025, and that about two-thirds of people expect significant job losses in the next ten years because of AI.
However, some experts say that AI will not replace people but will work with them. Dr. Cain Elliott, Chief Legal Futurist at Filevine, has high hopes for AI—particularly in the legal industry, where AI has begun reshaping workflows. “AI is used as a tool to support lawyers, while humans still make the final decisions,” Elliott says.
42．How will AI affect us according to Dorr
A．It is set to create countless well-paid jobs.
B．It will lead to a sharp rise in traffic accidents.
C．It is coming for our jobs sooner than expected.
D．It will reshape our understanding of human history.
43．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Remove. B．Support. C．Remind. D．Follow.
44．Which is the percentage of the interviewees expecting AI-driven job losses in the next ten years
A．37%. B．44%. C．About 67%. D．About 80%.
45．What is Elliott’s attitude towards the role of AI
A．Unclear. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Concerned.
The first time I heard about my classmates involved in social media was in the fourth grade. A few of my friends and some of my classmates had excitedly jump onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this never resonated with me. I respect and understand those who believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as, if not more meaningful when not shared with others.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed of all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
46．What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A．Social media are popular with students.
B．Young pupils benefit a lot from social media.
C．The author has no access to social media.
D．Social media contribute to students’ study.
47．The underlined part in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．drew on B．let down C．hid from D．appealed to
48．Why do people using social media might feel insecure
A．They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
B．Social media change the way they look at themselves.
C．Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
D．They spend more time posting their images on social media.
49．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B．Social media can waste pepole’s valuable time.
C．Spending time with family always ranks first.
D．Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we’ve “summered. ” “Summer” is clearly a noun, more exactly, a verbed noun.
Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a clear definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents(對手). Chances are you didn’t feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.
“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language,” says Patricia O’Conner, a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts guess that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.
Even though conversion(轉化) is quite common, plenty of grammarians object to the practice. William Strunk Jr. and E.B．White, in The Elements of Style-the Bible for the use of American English-have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are questionable.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.
“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they dislike what is unfamiliar to them,” says O’Conner. That’s why we’re comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there any rules for verbing Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifiing” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but not silly-sounding, he says.
In the end, however, style is subjective(主觀的). Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English.” Not every coinage (新創的詞語) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.
50．What can we learn about the verbing of nouns from the first three paragraphs
A．It is more accepted by adults. B．It started in the 19th century.
C．It is a modern phenomenon. D．It originally made up 40% of verbs.
51．What is many experts’ attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns
A．Cautious(謹慎的). B．Supportive.
C．Negative. D．Unconcerned.
52．What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns
A．Unimportant. B．Worthwhile. C．Impossible. D．Practical.
53．What is the best title for the text
A．Do adults accept noun verbing
B．Should we give up noun verbing
C．Is noun verbing a new phenomenon
D．Are Summering and Medaling Annoying
Years ago, when I started looking for my first job, wise advisers advise “Barbara, be enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience.” How right they were!
“Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.” Wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is the paste (粘合劑) that helps you hang on there when the going gets tough. It is the inner voice that whispers, “I can do it!” When others shout, “No, you can’t!” It took years and years for the early work of Barbara Mclintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted. Yet she didn’t stop working on her experiments. Work was such a deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.
We are all born with wide-eyed, enthusiastic wonder and it is this childlike wonder that gives enthusiastic people such youthful air, whatever their age. At 90, cellist Pablo Casals would start his day by playing Bach. As the music flowed through his fingers, his stooped (駝背的) shoulders would straighten and joy would reappear in his eyes. As author and poet Samuel Ulman once wrote, “Years wrinkle (起皺紋) the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.”
Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or title or power. Patricia Mellratl, a retired director of the Missouri Repertory Theater in Kansas City, was once asked where she got her enthusiasm. She replied, “My father, long ago, told me, I never made a fortune until I stopped working for money.”
If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can as a hobby. Elizabeth Layton Wellsville, Kan, was 68 before she began to draw. This activity ended periods of depression that troubled her for at least 30 years and the quality of her work led one critic to say, “I am tempted into a genius.”
We can’t afford to waste tears on “might-have-been”. We need to turn the tears into sweat as we go after “what-can-be”. We need to live each moment whole-heartedly, with all our senses—finding pleasure in the sweet smell of a back-yard garden, the simple picture of a six-year-old, the beauty of a rainbow.
54．The author holds the view that _______.
A．enthusiasm is more important than experience
B．enthusiasm can give people more success and fame
C．enthusiastic people will never get old
D．enthusiasm can make you succeed and enjoy life
55．The author mentions cellist Pablo Casals in the third paragraph to show that _______.
A．enthusiasm can make people feel young
B．music can arouse people’s enthusiasm
C．enthusiasm can give people inspiration needed to succeed
D．enthusiasm can keep people healthy
56．According to the passage, what can we learn about Elizabeth Layton Wellsville
A．She started drawing at the age of 38.
B．Drawing helped her get rid of depression.
C．Her drawings were not well-received.
D．She made a living by drawing.
57．How many examples are given in the passage to show the importance of enthusiasm
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
58．Which proverb may the writer agree with according to the last paragraph
A．Good beginning makes a good ending.
B．Don’t cry over the spoiled milk.
C．Love me, love my dog.
D．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
In 1999, Google hired its 53rd employee called Charlie Ayers. This employee was unique. He didn’t develop software, nor did he have business knowledge. In fact, he just worked for a famous band. But Charlie won a cooking competition held by the company. Then, he became the company’s chef. He would help Google feed its employees. Since then, Google’s policy of free snacks has been copied.
This policy may make sense for some companies since employees don’t need to travel far to eat. The companies think it can also improve traffic during lunch hour. But firms’ free-snack policy has been attacked by politicians. They believe it extremely reduces the number of customers of local restaurants, which causes many of them to break down and eventually harms the relevant industries. So officials are preventing Facebook opening a canteen at its new campus.
There have been many theories explaining what motivates firms to provide free snacks. Some argue it’s a firm’s dirty trick to keep workers working for longer hours. Others argue it’s about helping the firm attract talents. Still others say rich firms are just generous and that their generosity, in turn, makes their workers happier and more productive. All of these may contribute to the firms’ free snacks.
Google says its food system is about promoting teamwork and creativity. The idea is that it provides chances to bond and exchange ideas when employees randomly meet and eat together. This. they believe, encourages creativity. While free snacks might increase the amount of time employees spend in the office, the theory that it increases creativity lacks evidence. Actually, evidence suggests unlimited candy and chips in the break room will affect people’s cognitive (認知的) performance, which might eventually prevent workers from thinking intelligently. It’s no wonder that some Google’s competitors rejected the food policy.
If companies want workers to exchange ideas, regular meals can make it. A better food system for companies is one where workers would be given a gift card for food purchases. Some colleges have a similar food system, which offers discount to fruit and vegetables and places an extra cost on junk food — junk food, after all, could end up increasing the company’s health insurance bills.
There’s no such thing as a free lunch. The same is true for snacks.
59．Why does the author mention Charlie Ayers in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the background of the passage.
B．To expand understanding of the topic.
C．To lead into the topic of the passage.
D．To show the structure of the passage.
60．What do politicians think of firms’ free-snack policy
A．It does increase the employees’ creativity.
B．It’s beneficial to local transportation.
C．It brings negative effect on local restaurants.
D．It strengthens the unity of the firms’ employees.
61．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The importance of the free-snack policy.
B．The possible causes of some firms’ free-snack policy.
C．The benefits of free-snack policy to workers.
D．The oppositions to the free-snack policy.
62．Why do some companies decline the free snack policy
A．They think it weakens employees’ creativity.
B．They consider it a big financial burden.
C．They are unaware of its positive influence.
D．They find it unattractive to many employees.
63．Which of the following will the author agree with
A．Companies should increase their insurance bills on workers.
B．Colleges’ food systems tend to be superior to companies’.
C．Free snacks are unnecessary in the companies.
D．A good food system can give discounts to any food.
As artists, we often find ourselves chasing an indefinable idea of perfection. We imagine faultless lines, color schemes, and compositions that exactly match our vision. But what happens when that perfection doesn’t materialize When the final product doesn’t look like what we had in our minds For many artists, this can lead to frustration, self-doubt, and even a sense of failure. Perfection is an illusion (幻覺), especially in art. What one person sees as perfect, another may view as lacking. Each viewer brings their own experiences, emotions, and perceptions to a piece, creating a unique connection impossible to standardize.
By pursuing perfection, we often forget the true essence of art. Art is about communicating feelings, thoughts, and ideas that words sometimes can’t capture. When we focus too much on perfection, we risk reducing the raw emotion and unique perspective that make our work special.
Your art is a reflection of who you are — your experiences, your emotions, your perspective on the world. It’s a visual diary of your journey as an artist, and like any journey, it’s filled with ups and downs, successes and mistakes. Those so-called “imperfections” in your work are what make it distinctly yours. They are the fingerprints of your creativity, the marks of your individuality. Think about your favorite artists. Are you drawn to them because their work is technically perfect, or because their work has a connection with you on a deeper level More often than not, it’s the latter.
Imperfection is not a flaw (缺陷); it’s an opportunity. It’s in those unexpected brushstrokes, the uneven lines, and the unconventional choices that true creativity is born. When you embrace imperfection, you open the door to experimentation, exploration, and growth. You give yourself permission to try new things, to push boundaries, and to discover new facets of your artistic voice.
64．What is the feature of perfection in art
A．It worsens artists’ finances. B．It causes blind comparison.
C．It depends on many factors. D．It has a fairly fixed concept.
65．What is the basic quality of art
A．A means of expression. B．A reflection of culture.
C．A journey of creation. D．A record of daily life.
66．What should artists do to accept “imperfection”
A．Show respect for viewers. B．Extend thanks to setbacks.
C．Be brave to challenge authority. D．Value their own uniqueness.
67．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The worth of imperfection. B．The nature of imperfection.
C．The underlying logic of flaws. D．The common ground of flaws.
As American high school and college students graduate and begin the next phases of their lives, one piece of advice they will undoubtedly receive is to follow their passions or something similar. It seems like fine guidance: Do something that feels true to yourself rather than meet people’s expectations. But is this really the case
To find out, we asked hundreds of undergraduate students which majors and careers they would choose if they followed their passions and which majors and careers they would choose if they prioritized salary and job security. We found that when it came to male-dominated fields like computer science and engineering, gender (性別) gaps were greater when students chose to follow their passions, with men disproportionately (不成比例地) choosing those fields. We also found that gender gaps in selecting future careers were smaller when we asked people of both genders to prioritize nurturing (養育) and emotionally supporting other people.
Are we suggesting that women shouldn’t pursue their passions and should enter fields that they don’t really care about just to close gender gaps Of course not. For one thing, traditionally feminine (女性的) work is important, and society needs people who are passionate about it and want to do it — including men.
But what strikes us, based on this and other research, is that for many young people, passions seem to be based in large part on internalized societal expectations about what is appropriate for their gender rather than complete and accurate information about what, for example, studying computer science is really like. Our point is that the passions that young people are supposed to be following seem to be easily influenced.
The “follow your passions” advice may appear to ask people what they want to do with their lives. But too often what they’re being asked to do is let their gender limit their choices. So let’s change what we say to high school and college graduates. Sure, you can follow your passions. But also keep an open mind and try things you may have ruled out without even realizing why. There may be more to be passionate about than you realize.
68．What is the most common advice American students receive when selecting their majors or careers
A．Choose what is in high demand. B．Choose what matches their interests.
C．Choose what has a high earning potential. D．Choose what is popular among their peers.
69．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Gender gaps widened when students followed their passions in certain fields.
B．Men and women showed equal interest in male-dominated career fields.
C．Men and women performed differently when asked to support others.
D．Men who followed their passions tended to avoid male-dominated fields.
70．What does the author suggest is a main issue with the “follow your passions” advice
A．It leads to the constant change of our passions.
B．It sends wrong information about different fields.
C．It doesn’t consider the importance of traditionally feminine work.
D．It is actually influenced by societal expectations of different genders.
71．What is the career advice conveyed in the text
A．People should ignore their passions when selecting a career.
B．People should have an open mind when selecting a career.
C．People should focus more on job security than on their passions.
D．People should make sure their passions are based on economic situation.
Being a vegetarian (素食者) in a meat-eating culture isn’t always easy. I always get asked, “Why Since when How come ” and “How can you stand not eating meat ”
For me, being a vegetarian isn’t strange; it’s just who and what I am. I’m sick and tired of people judging (評價) me based on a personal choice that has nothing to do with them. Honestly, I could understand if my decision had an influence on their lives, but the thing is it doesn’t, so they should just get over it.
If anything, more people should be vegetarians. It’s a fact that a vegetarian has a lower risk of cancer, heart attacks, and high blood pressure. Being a vegetarian can help people live a longer life because they are eating healthily and not taking in the fat found in non-vegetarian diets. While all diets need to be balanced, it is possible to get protein, minerals and nutrients from vegetable sources. Vegetables, milk and eggs have all the requirements your body needs to survive.
If you are creative, a vegetarian diet is far from boring. As vegetables come in various types and tastes, they can be prepared and eaten in countless ways. There are so many vegetarian cookbooks, which shows this is a fact.
I find it funny when people say vegetarians do not get enough energy from their diet. My answer is to mention Dave Scott, the first person to win the IRONMAN World Championship six times! Yes, surprise, surprise, at the time he was a vegetarian.
Vegetarianism is better for the planet because the ecological footprint of vegetarians is smaller. So next time you want to judge someone's personal choice to go veggie, remember they have their reasons, not the least of which are concerns for animals and the state of the planet.
72．How does the author feel about others’ opinions on his diet
A．Curious. B．Annoyed. C．Appreciative. D．Unconcerned.
73．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about a vegetarian diet
A．Its advantages. B．Its sources. C．Its varieties. D．Its popularity.
74．Why does the author mention Dave Scott in paragraph 5
A．To show what a vegetarian diet is like.
B．To present a study on vegetarian diets.
C．To suggest a vegetarian diet is healthy.
D．To explore why some athletes are vegetarians.
75．What is the best title for the text
A．My Road to Becoming a Vegetarian
B．Mistaken Beliefs about Vegetarianism
C．Vegetarianism: A Common Phenomenon
D．Vegetarianism: More Than a Personal Choice
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《專題06 閱讀理解之議論文18篇》參考答案
題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C D D B B A C A D A
題號 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B D A B D A D D A B
題號 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A D C A C D A B B
題號 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A D C C A B A B A A
題號 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C C A C B A D B B A
題號 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 A C D D A B C B C C
題號 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
答案 B A C C A D A B A D
題號 71 72 73 74 75
答案 B B A C D
1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B
【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章指出網絡搜索易浪費時間，分析其危害，從斷網、限時、不盲目搜索等方面給出合理使用網絡的建議。
1．推理判斷題。根據第一段“There is no such thing as a quick Web search. For example, you just want to look up one thing. But before you know it, you are likely to find more than 37 sites, and 45 minutes are likely to be wasted on what should be a 30-second exercise.(沒有快速的網絡搜索這回事。例如，你只是想查找一件事。但在你意識到之前，你可能會找到超過37個網站，而且很可能會在本應30秒完成的事情上浪費45分鐘。)”以及第二段“We used to waste our spare time in front of the TV. There is an old saying: No one can become successful sitting on the couch watching TV. The same is true of the Internet. And endlessly surfing the Web isn’t going to get your goals done. Nor is it going to magically make you successful. So reduce your endless surfing. But what should you do (我們過去常常在電視機前浪費業余時間。有句老話說：沒有人能坐在沙發上看電視就獲得成功。互聯網也是如此。無休止地瀏覽網頁不會讓你實現目標。它也不會神奇地讓你成功。所以減少你無休止的上網行為。但是你應該怎么做呢？)”可知，前兩段通過講述網絡搜索浪費時間以及上網不能讓人成功等內容，引出了本文關于如何減少無意義上網行為的話題，起到了引入文章主題的作用。故選C項。
2．細節理解題。根據第三段中“If you need a better way to do that, there are software apps that will let you block certain websites for a certain amount of time. These apps can block news but still let you do your work, research, etc.(如果你需要一個更好的方法來做到這一點，有一些軟件應用程序可以讓你在一定時間內屏蔽某些網站。這些應用程序可以屏蔽新聞，但仍然讓你做你的工作、研究等。)”可知，第三段提到的軟件應用程序是用來限制我們在某些網站上的使用的。故選D項。
3．細節理解題。根據第五段“If you must search the Internet, set a time limit on your Web adventure. You’d better set an actual time. This can prevent you from staying online for too long. Leave the Internet immediately when you’re reminded to do that.(如果你必須上網搜索，為你的網絡探索設定一個時間限制。你最好設定一個確切的時間。這可以防止你在網上停留太久。當你被提醒這樣做時，立即離開網絡。)”可知，作者在第五段建議為網絡搜索設定一個時間限制。故選D項。
4．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了網絡搜索浪費時間的問題，并提出了一些減少無意義上網行為的方法，如關閉網絡、使用軟件限制某些網站的使用、設定上網時間限制等，這些內容都與互聯網技術相關。所以可以推斷這篇文章可能會出現在報紙的“科學與技術”專欄。故選B項。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A
【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了中國傳統節日七夕節面臨的困境，如公眾對其冷漠，以及其他傳統節日也有類似命運。同時指出應重視傳統節日的文化意義，不應僅從經濟角度衡量，還應反思文化保護，避免傳統節日形式化，保持其文化內涵。
5．細節理解題。根據第二段“The cold attitude has made cultural experts seriously worry that the lovers’ festival, marked for generations since the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), is dying out.(這種冷漠的態度讓文化專家們嚴重擔憂，自漢代（公元前206年至公元220年）以來代代相傳的這個情侶節日正在逐漸消失)”可知，公眾對七夕節的冷漠態度讓文化專家擔心這個自漢代就有的節日正在消失。故選B。
6．推理判斷題。根據第二段“Some have even called for legislation (立法) to make the festival a legal Chinese Lovers’ Day, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar year. But the effectiveness of such a measure is in doubt, although efforts to preserve traditional festivals deserve high praise(一些人甚至呼吁通過立法將這個節日定為法定的中國情人節，它在農歷七月初七。但是這樣的措施的有效性令人懷疑，盡管保護傳統節日的努力值得高度贊揚)”可知，有人呼吁將七夕節立法成為法定的中國情人節，但這種措施的效果令人懷疑，盡管保護傳統節日的努力值得稱贊。由此可推斷公眾對七夕節合法化的有效性持懷疑態度，故選A。
7．推理判斷題。第三段提到“Even if all traditional festivals are finally made legal, the risk of them becoming purely formalized celebrations with little meaning is not removed. If the younger generation fails to appreciate the cultural significance of these holidays, there is little that can be done(即使所有傳統節日最終都合法化了，它們變成毫無意義的純粹形式化慶祝活動的風險仍然沒有消除。如果年輕一代不能欣賞這些節日的文化意義，那也沒什么辦法)”可知，如果年輕一代不能欣賞這些節日的文化意義，那也沒什么辦法，可推理出應該更好地認識傳統節日的意義，故選C。
8．推理判斷題。文章最后一段指出“In fact, what makes traditional festivals unique and what keeps them alive is their cultural elements. After all, it is a unique culture that contributes to the globalization with diversity(事實上，使傳統節日獨特并使其延續的是它們的文化元素。畢竟，正是獨特的文化為全球化帶來了多樣性)”可知，使傳統節日獨特并使其延續的是它們的文化元素，可推理出作者寫作本文的目的是提醒我們文化因素使傳統節日得以延續，故選A。
9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹的是花錢購買體驗比購買物品更能帶來持久幸福感的觀點，并分析其背后的心理學原因。
9．細節理解題。根據第一段中“A study of UK consumers showed that six in ten people would rather spend their money on something to do than on something to have. (一項針對英國消費者的研究表明，60%的人更愿意把錢花在體驗上，如活動、經歷，而非購買實物商品)”可知，主要結論是相當多的人更喜歡把錢花在做事而非買東西上。故選D項。
10．詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞的上文“Material possessions (物質財產) can last for many years (物質財產可以保存多年)”以及表達對比關系的“while”可知，此處是對比物質財產和體驗的維持時間，前者可以持續很多年，而后者是短暫的，畫線詞與last for many years形成對比，因此意思應該是“短暫的”。故選A項。
11．推理判斷題。根據第三段中“A holiday or a day out may be short, but the happiness it provides can last much longer. Waiting for our latest purchases to be delivered is disappointing, but waiting for an exciting event gives us a feeling of expectation. (一次度假或外出游玩或許短暫，但它帶來的快樂卻能持續很久。等待網購商品到貨往往令人失望，而期待一場精彩活動卻能讓我們充滿憧憬)”和“A physical good gets worse over time, while our memories of an experience can give us pleasure year after year. (實物商品會隨著時間流逝而貶值，而對一段美好經歷的回憶卻能年復一年地為我們帶來快樂)”可知，作者主要通過對比物質和體驗的不同影響展開論述，如等待購物令人失望，而等待活動讓人充滿期待，物質會貶值，而回憶能持續帶來快樂等。故選B項。
12．推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Experiences are often shared, so we gain pleasure from social connection and time spent with other people. Memories of our experiences become part of our identity. As Gilovich points out, we are the sum of our experiences. Indeed, the very fact that experiences last for a limited time can give them value. (體驗往往是共享的，因此我們能從社交互動和與他人共處的時光中獲得快樂。這些體驗的記憶會融入我們的身份認同。正如吉洛維奇所言：“我們就是由所有經歷構成的”事實上，正是體驗的短暫性賦予了它們獨特的價值)”和最后一段中“However, for many of us, it could be that when choosing how to spend money, we’ll get far more benefit by spending on experiences, rather than possessions. (然而對我們大多數人來說，在決定如何消費時，把錢花在體驗上而非物質上，往往能帶來更大的收獲)”可知，作者強調體驗的長期價值，并認為花錢在體驗上能帶來更大的收獲，因此他對把錢花在體驗上持支持態度。故選D項。
13．A 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．D
【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章講述社交媒體如Instagram等對青少年心理健康有正負影響，過度使用致焦慮等問題，明智使用可獲支持，平衡是關鍵。
13．細節理解題。根據第二段“Spending too much time online may cause anxiety, loneliness, and low self-esteem.(過度上網可能導致焦慮、孤獨和自卑。)”可知，過度使用社交媒體的負面影響包括焦慮和孤獨。故選A。
14．細節理解題。根據第二段“Many people feel pressure to look perfect on social media, which can make them feel bad about themselves.(許多人在社交媒體上感到要表現得完美的壓力，這會讓他們自我感覺糟糕。)”可知，自我感覺糟糕的原因是“追求完美的壓力”。故選B。
15．細節理解題。根據第二段“On the other hand, social media can also be helpful when used wisely. It allows people to find supportive communities, share their creativity, and stay updated on important news.(另一方面，明智地使用社交媒體也會有所幫助。它允許人們找到支持他們的社區，分享他們的創造力，并隨時了解重要新聞。)”可知，社交媒體的積極作用包括幫助人們找到支持性社區。故選D。
16．細節理解題。根據第一段“In recent years, social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat have become very popular among teenagers. (近年來，Instagram、TikTok和Snapchat等社交媒體平臺在青少年中非常受歡迎。)”可知，本文未提及Facebook。故選A。
17．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Finding a balance and using social media mindfully is the key to making the most of it.(找到平衡點并謹慎使用社交媒體是充分利用它的關鍵。)”，再結合第二段“On the other hand, social media can also be helpful when used wisely. It allows people to find supportive communities, share their creativity, and stay updated on important news.(另一方面，明智地使用社交媒體也會有所幫助。它允許人們找到支持他們的社區，分享他們的創造力，并隨時了解重要新聞。)”可推斷，關注積極內容并與有益的人互動是明智使用社交媒體的方式。故選D。
18．D 19．A 20．B 21．A
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞多米尼克·約翰遜所著的《上帝在看著你》展開，論述了宗教信仰在人類進化中的積極作用。
18．推理判斷題。根據第二段中“This alertness is common even among those who don’t believe in God. For example, an experiment showed that people were more likely to contribute to a shared coffee fund when there was a picture of eyes on the collection box.(這種警覺性即使在那些不信仰上帝的人當中也是普遍存在的。例如，一項實驗表明，當募捐箱上有眼睛的圖片時，人們更有可能為共享咖啡基金捐款)”可知，作者提到“眼睛”實驗是為了證明人類警覺性的普遍性。故選D項。
19．推理判斷題。根據第三段中“He talks about the philosopher (哲學家) John Locke, whose research on 186 pre-industrial cultures found that religious beliefs were more common in larger, more complex societies. While this doesn’t prove that these beliefs caused social complexity, the finding prove Johnson’s theory that religion beliefs allow societies to take action together and plan for the future.(他談到了哲學家約翰·洛克，他對186種前工業文化的研究發現，宗教信仰在更大、更復雜的社會中更為普遍。雖然這并不能證明這些信仰導致了社會的復雜性，但這一發現證實了約翰遜的理論，即宗教信仰使社會能夠共同行動并為未來做規劃)”可知，約翰·洛克的研究證實宗教信仰使社會能夠共同行動并為未來做規劃，由此推知，宗教有助于未來的發展。故選A項。
20．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第一段中“Dominic Johnson, in his book “God Is Watching You,” argues that believing in God, especially in higher power that can punish, is actually helpful to evolution (發展).(多米尼克·約翰遜在他的《上帝在看著你》一書中認為，信仰上帝，尤其是信仰能實施懲罰的更高力量，實際上對人類進化是有幫助的)”可知，文章的重點是宗教信仰在進化方面的優勢。故選B項。
21．推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Dominic Johnson, in his book “God Is Watching You,” argues that...”以及最后一段中“Maybe this is a little difficult book to read or understand. It really needs readers’ patience.(也許這是一本有點難讀或難懂的書。它真的需要讀者的耐心)”和最后一段中“Maybe this is a little difficult book to read or understand. It really needs readers’ patience.(也許這是一本很難讀懂的書。這真的需要讀者的耐心)”可知，文章主要是在介紹一本書的內容，所以文本最有可能來自一本書的引言。故選A項。
22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了野生動物保護應重視物種基因傳承，而非僅僅關注個體救助，強調保護物種整體的生物學意義。
22．細節理解題。根據第三段中“There are many differences between animals and human beings. The biggest difference possibly lies in that animals are short of social culture.(動物和人類之間有許多不同之處。最大的區別可能在于動物缺乏社會文化)”可知，人類和動物之間的關鍵區別在于動物缺乏社會文化。故選A。
23．推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Human beings depend on culture for heritage. As time passes by, the culture has been accumulated to distinguish one group from another. Therefore, the protection of culture is important and necessary. However, wild animals depend on genes for heritage, and therefore, it is important and necessary to keep natural genes in existence.(人類依靠文化來傳承。隨著時間的推移，文化不斷積累，將一個群體與另一個群體區分開來。因此，保護文化是重要和必要的。然而，野生動物依靠基因來傳承，因此，保持自然基因的存在是重要和必要的)”可知，第四段通過比較人類和野生動物在傳承方式上的不同，來說明保護野生動物基因的重要性，所以本段主要是通過作比較的方法來展開的。故選D。
24．推理判斷題。根據第六段中“Such behavior is beyond imagination among human beings, but in the nature, this is completely normal and reasonable.(這種行為在人類中是難以想象的，但在自然界中，這是完全正常和合理的)”可推知，作者對黃石公園的行為持支持態度。故選C。
25．主旨大意題。根據第一段中“In the opinion of some people, the most direct, most touching, and easiest way of protecting wild animals, without doubt, is “the rescue of each individual wild animal”.(在一些人看來，保護野生動物最直接、最感人、最容易的方式，無疑是“拯救每一只野生動物”)”以及最后一段“But if species itself is not in danger, then working hard to protect the individual can do nothing good to the entire species. Of course for other reasons, we still hope to protect these individuals from death, but valuing their genes is more important when protecting wild animals.(但如果物種本身沒有危險，那么努力保護個體對整個物種沒有任何好處。當然，出于其他原因，我們仍然希望保護這些個體免于死亡，但在保護野生動物時，重視它們的基因更為重要)”結合全文內容可知，文章主要說明了保護野生動物基因比保護個體更重要，文章通過對比人類和野生動物在傳承方式上的不同，以及黃石公園引入狼來控制鹿的數量并清除老弱病殘的鹿的例子，強調了保護野生動物基因的重要性。可知，A選項

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