資源簡介

核心 詞匯 1．__________ n．災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍 2．__________ v．預(yù)測，預(yù)報(bào) 3．______ v．攫取，抓住 4．________ n．營救，解救 5．_______ v．(戰(zhàn)爭、事故等)奪去(生命) 6．________ n．危機(jī) 7．_________ num．十億 8．_________ adv．什么地方都不，無處 9．___________ adv．否則，要不然 10．____________ n．直升機(jī) 11．__________ n．子夜，午夜 12．__________ n．所有物，資產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn) 13．_________ n．庇護(hù)，掩蔽
閱讀 詞匯 1．______ n．管子 2．______ adj．(用于數(shù)字后面表示)多，余 3．___________ n．颶風(fēng) 4．___________ n．山崩，滑坡 5．_________ n．海嘯 6．typhoon n．____ 7．satellite n．______ 8．lap n．___________ 9．mosquito n．____ 10．county n．_______________ ____
拓展 詞匯 1．erupt v．(火山)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)→__________ n．爆發(fā)，噴發(fā) 2．immediately adv．即刻，馬上→___________ adj．立刻的 3．occur v．發(fā)生→____________ n．發(fā)生 4．a(chǎn)nnouncement n．通告，公告→__________ v．宣告，宣布，宣稱→___________ n．廣播員；解說員 5．reliable adj．可信賴的，可靠的→______ v．依靠 6．emergency n．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況，不測事件→__________ adj．新興的→________ vi．浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn) 7．exceptionally adv．極其，非常→_____________ adj．杰出的；特別的→________ prep．除……外→___________ n．例外 8．threaten v．威脅到，危及→________ n．威脅；可能會帶來威脅的人(事) 9．precisely adv．精確地，準(zhǔn)確地→_________ adj．精確的，準(zhǔn)確的 10．sufficient adj．足夠的，充足的→______________ adv．足夠地，充足地
高頻 短語 1．_____________ 還沒有 2．_______________ 和……比起來，與……相比 3．_______________ 到達(dá)…… 4．_________________ 突然；猛地 5．______________ 瀏覽 6．_____________ 而且 7．fly off ____ 8．think about ____ 9．in the open air _____ 10．keep on ____ 11．move on ____ 12．blow away ____
句型 公式 1．Looking through my newspaper，I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town．(動詞-ing作狀語) 我翻閱著報(bào)紙，震驚地看到在亞洲一場臺風(fēng)已經(jīng)摧毀了一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的照片。 2．Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...(now that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句) 既然在地球上難逃一劫，或許我應(yīng)該開始考慮移民太空了…… 3．He had disappeared the moment the storm hit．(the moment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句) 暴風(fēng)雨來襲的那一刻他就失蹤了。 4．But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try to see the good side of things．(whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句) 不過媽媽說不管發(fā)生什么，我們都應(yīng)該盡量看到事情好的一面。 5．Although we are surrounded by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives．(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句) 雖然我們周圍的一切都提醒著我們這里曾發(fā)生的災(zāi)難，但大家都在為重建家園和生活而一同努力著。
The hurricane was exceptionally strong yesterday，1．_________(cause) significant damage to people's property．Based on the announcement，a number of lives 2．______________ (claim) by the disaster．People 3．__________ survived the disaster had nowhere to go．Plus，drinking water was hard 4．________ (get) and there was no sufficient food．Their emotions erupted like 5．___ volcano and a sense of 6．______________ (helpless) grabbed them．7．_________ (luck)，the reliable government immediately took action and sent helicopters to rescue the 8．_________(trap) people．Otherwise they would have starved to death．At midnight，mosquitos circled the shelter and 9．_____(bite) people's laps precisely．People's lives and property are still under threat，because no one knows 10．_________ the hurricane will occur again or not．
1．a(chǎn)nnouncement n．通告，公告
①She announced the winner of the competition ____ the excited audience．
②It _______________ (announce) that the groups had agreed to a ceasefire．
③Mary ___________ to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy．The ______________ of their marriage will appear in the local newspaper next week．(announce)
　應(yīng)用文寫作之通知
請注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片Growing Together將于晚上7點(diǎn)半在學(xué)校大廳上映。
Attention，please．________________________________．
An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30 p．m．
◎make an announcement發(fā)布通知
◎announce v．宣告，宣布，宣稱
announce sth．to sb．＝announce to sb．sth．向某人宣布某事
It is announced that...據(jù)宣布……
◎(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement．“Today at 1：10 there will be auditions(面試)for a musical．”
我正在教室里看書，這時(shí)傳來一則通知：“今天 1 點(diǎn) 10 分將有一場音樂劇的面試。”
2．reliable adj．可信賴的，可靠的
①To be honest，he is not a man who can ___________ (rely) on．
②Many working women rely _________ relatives to help take care of their children．
③My friend is a __________ (rely) person，and I'm sure he will give you a hand．
　一句多譯
當(dāng)你有困難時(shí)，你可以依靠我來幫助你。
①__________________________________________________________________
②___________________________________________________________________
◎rely v．依著
rely on/upon＝depend on/upon＝count on/upon依靠，依賴
◎rely on/upon sb．to do sth．指望/仰仗某人做某事
rely on/upon it＋that從句　指望/相信……
◎In my mind，you are a reliable friend forever，and I depend on you so much．
在我心中，你永遠(yuǎn)是一個(gè)值得信賴的朋友，我是如此的依賴你。
3．rescue v．&n．營救；解救；救援
① Several people saw I was in trouble，but no one came ____ my rescue．
②The little girl was rescued ______ a burning building when the disaster occurred．
③Many parents couldn't hold back their tears when a _________(rescue) carried a teenage girl out of the ruins．
　句式升級
The child who was rescued just now is being sent to the nearest hospital．
→The child __________________ is being sent to the nearest hospital．(非謂語動詞)
◎rescue sb．/sth．from sth．從……中營救……
go/come to one's rescue去/來救某人
◎rescuer n．營救人員
◎Whenever we are in danger，we can always rely on it that they will come to our rescue/come to rescue us．
每當(dāng)我們處于危險(xiǎn)之中時(shí)，我們總能相信他們會來救我們。
4．threaten v．威脅，恐嚇；威脅到，危及
①In the story，the orphan boy，Oliver Twist，is forced to be a thief by some bad people who threaten _________ (kill) him if he does not cooperate．
②With some 40% of plant species _______ threat of extinction，there would be more urgency around protecting them．
③Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat ____ wildlife and to our planet．
④(譯林版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 1)The desert appeared completely empty，which was calming and _____________ (threaten) at the same time．
　應(yīng)用文寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù)
這會對農(nóng)業(yè)和食物鏈造成威脅，由此而危及人的健康。
This ___________________ agriculture and the food chain，and consequently to human health．
◎threaten to do sth．威脅做某事
◎threat n．威脅；可能會帶來危險(xiǎn)的人(事)
a threat to...對……構(gòu)成威脅的人或事
under threat 受到威脅
◎threatening adj．恐嚇的，威脅的； threatened adj．受到威脅的；感到危險(xiǎn)的
◎The powerful storm that is approaching threatens to cause widespread destruction．
即將來臨的暴風(fēng)雨有造成大范圍破壞的威脅。
5．otherwise adv．否則，要不然；除此以外；以另外方式 conj．否則，要不然
①Seize the chance，____________(＝otherwise) you will regret it．
②The rent is high，but __________________(＝otherwise) the house is satisfactory．
③Thank you for your timely help；otherwise we __________ (be) in great trouble now．
　應(yīng)用文寫作之通知
建議所有要參加摘蘋果的學(xué)生都應(yīng)該戴上帽子和手套，要不然會有很多樹葉或臟東西掉到你的頭上，弄臟你的手。
It is suggested that all the students who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves．_______________________________________________．
◎otherwise (conj．)＝or/or else否則，不然
◎otherwise (adv．)＝in the other way不同地，在其他方面
◎She was a bit tired，but otherwise in good health．
她有點(diǎn)累，但除此之外身體狀況良好。
6．[教材原句]One very hot summer，the sun reflected off it and melted cars parked below！[過去分詞(短語)作定語]
有一年夏天非常熱，大樓表面反射的陽光竟然熔化了停在樓下的車！
①The party ______ (hold) last night was a success．
②The girl ________ (ask) questions was our monitor．
③The meeting __________ (attend) by over five thousand people welcomed the great hero．
④There was a terrible noise ___________ (follow) the sudden burst of light．
⑤Our group would like to organize a book donation activity _______ (name)“Sharing Books，Passing Love” for Xinhua Primary School．
　應(yīng)用文寫作之邀請信
音樂節(jié)由兩部分組成，將使我們更多地了解中國民間音樂。
The music festival，______________________，will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．
◎單個(gè)過去分詞作定語時(shí)，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時(shí)，需要置于被修飾詞之后。過去分詞短語作定語要后置，放在被修飾詞之后。
◎不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)只表示動作的完成，而沒有被動意義。
◎We lay on the grass，staring at the night sky spotted with twinkling stars．
我們躺在草地上，凝視著被閃爍的星星點(diǎn)綴的夜空。
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．Oil prices ______________ (forecast) to increase by less than 2% this year．
2．This is one of the worst natural ___________ (disaster) ever to strike the area．
3．A thief _________ (grab) her handbag as she was walking across the park．
4．The young man is an _______________ (exceptional) talented player．
5．McGeechan has not recovered ______________ (sufficient) to play in the semi-final tomorrow．
6．The teacher was holding a broad umbrella，____________ (shelter) the student from the rain．
7．In an ______________ (announce)，the minister said that experts had known ___________ (precise) the number of the infected people．
8．Now many species ________________ (threaten) with extinction．As a result，some __________(rely) measures should be taken to protect them．
9．_____________ (immediate) the __________ (rescue) arrived at the flooded area，they got down to work．
10．It was the biggest __________ (erupt) of the volcano that had __________ (occur) in the past 30 years．It _________ (claim) hundreds of lives．
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．claim
A．奪去(生命)　B．聲稱，主張　C．索要，索取　D．獲得，贏得　E．認(rèn)領(lǐng)
(1)(2022·全國甲卷)It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution．It's high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it． ___
(2)The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you could keep it． ___
(3)She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered． ___
(4)The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents' lives． ___
(5)In the English speech，the young man who claimed first prize jumped with a thrill of joy． ___
2．shelter
(1)Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds，animals and insects． ___
(2)People planted many trees in this area to shelter it from strong sand storms． ___
(3)(2024·全國甲卷)... almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter． ___
3．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy． ___
A．否則，要不然　B．除此之外　　C．在其他方面
4．An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first． ___
A．吃，喝 B．攫取，抓住 C．利用(機(jī)會)
5．There's a new indoor play centre，plus the special events and workshops，and others during school holiday periods． ___
A．多，余 B．還有，以及 C．有利的
Ⅲ．寫作遷移
1．不管積極的事情是什么，不管它看起來有多小，把它寫下來。
___________________________________，______________________________，write it down．
2．既然我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到霧霾所造成的巨大危害，我們就應(yīng)該采取措施來減少它。
_________________________________________________________，we should take measures to reduce it．
3．I had been out of touch with Allen for many years but as soon as he called me up that day，I recognized his voice．
→I had been out of touch with Allen for many years but ___________________ _________ that day，I recognized his voice．
假定你是李華，你們班上周舉行了以“如何應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)難”為主題的討論會。請你寫一份發(fā)言稿，分享你們的討論成果，內(nèi)容如下：
1．自然災(zāi)難的種類及危害；
2．如何應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)難。
　寫作微練
①我們都知道，世界上每年都會有自然災(zāi)難發(fā)生，比如火山噴發(fā)、山體滑坡、臺風(fēng)、暴風(fēng)雪等。
We all know that ____________________________________ in the world，such as ______________________________________________________．
②它們威脅人類的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)，因此，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)一些自救的方法。
__________________________________________ so we should learn _____________________________．
③隨著科技的進(jìn)步，在一些災(zāi)難發(fā)生前，政府會進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)報(bào)，并且發(fā)布相關(guān)的通告。
With the progress of science and technology，the government will __________________________________________________________ before some disasters．
④讓我們繼續(xù)保護(hù)自然，共同珍惜生命。
Let's ___________________________ and cherish lives together．
　句式升級
⑤用非限制性定語從句改寫句①
_____________________________________________________________________
　妙筆成篇
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　語料積累
教材 語料 亮詞 forecast；grab；rescue；claim；threaten→threat；shelter；disaster；erupt；hurricane；landslide；tsunami；typhoon；blizzard；avalanche；crisis；mosquito；midnight；county；reliable
美句 1．Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart，I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face． 2．Mom cried to get out quickly，but it was already too late by then． 3．Looking through my newspaper，I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town． 4．Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans，their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on．
拓展 語料 詞塊 drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低頭；put/hold/bury one's head in one's hands雙手抱頭；nod/shake one's head 點(diǎn)/搖頭；rest one's head on/against...把頭靠在……上面；scratch one's head 撓頭；raise one's head抬頭；throw one's head back 把頭往后仰
句型 1．I walked slowly to the bus，my head down，tears in my eyes．(獨(dú)立主格) 我慢慢地向公共汽車走去，低著頭，眼里含著淚水。 2．Her mother stopped her housework，raising her head with worry in her eyes．(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語) 她母親停下了家務(wù)活，抬起頭，眼里流露出憂慮。 3．When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep． 他回到家，把頭埋在被子里，假裝睡著了。 4．I rose to my feet，sat close to my mother，rested my head on her shoulder and couldn't help weeping．(動作鏈描寫) 我站起身來，坐在母親身邊，把頭靠在她的肩膀上，忍不住哭了起來。
　語料運(yùn)用
①我是一名日間值班的護(hù)士，突然一個(gè)托盤從桌子上掉了下來。
I，a nurse，was on day duty _________________________________________．
②我撓了撓頭，不知道正發(fā)生什么事。
I ___________________，wondering what was happening．
③然后我想到這是一場地震。
Then ________________________ it was an earthquake．
④一些病人驚恐地尖叫著奔向出口。
Some patients screamed in terror and _____________________．
⑤雖然我害怕得要死，但我還是抓住了我的擴(kuò)音器，告訴他們雙手抱住頭，蹲到床底下。
Although I was scared to death，I grabbed my loudspeaker，_____________ ____________________________________ and crouch under the bed．(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)
⑥不久，地震停止了，可靠的救援人員來救我們，并保護(hù)我們免受進(jìn)一步的傷害。
Soon the earthquake stopped and the reliable rescuers came to our rescue and __________________________________．
⑦謝天謝地！威脅性的地震沒有造成任何人員死亡，我們松了一口氣。
Thank goodness____________________________________________________ and we sighed in relief．
必修第三冊　Unit 6
單元詞句 語境背記
核心詞匯
1．disaster　2．forecast　3．grab　4．rescue　5．claim　6．crisis　7．billion　8．nowhere　9．otherwise　10．helicopter　11．midnight　12．property　13．shelter
閱讀詞匯
1．tube　2．plus　3．hurricane　4．landslide　5．tsunami　6．臺風(fēng)　7．人造衛(wèi)星　8．(坐著時(shí)的)大腿部　9．蚊子　10．(英國的)郡；(美國等國家的)縣
拓展詞匯
1．eruption　2．immediate　3．occurrence　4．a(chǎn)nnounce；announcer　5．rely　6．emergent；emerge　7．exceptional；except；exception　8．threat　9．precise　10．sufficiently
高頻短語
1．have yet to　2．compare to...　3．make it to...　4．a(chǎn)ll of a sudden　5．look through　6．what's more　7．飛走　8．考慮　9．在戶外　10．繼續(xù)　11．前進(jìn)　12．吹走
語境串記
1．causing　2．were claimed　3．who/that　4．to get　5．a(chǎn)　6．helplessness　7．Luckily　8．trapped　9．bit　10．whether
考點(diǎn)歸納 精準(zhǔn)講練
1．①to　②was announced　③announced；announcement
[完美寫作]I have an announcement to make
2．①be relied　②on/upon　③reliable
[完美寫作]①You can rely on/upon me to help you when you are in trouble．　②You can rely on/upon it that I can help you when you are in trouble．
3．①to　②from　③rescuer
[完美寫作]rescued just now
4．①to kill　②under　③to　④threatening
[完美寫作]poses a threat to
5．①or/or else　②in the other way　③would be
[完美寫作]Otherwise，there will be a lot of leaves or dirty things that will fall on your head and make your hands dirty
6．①held　②asking　③attended　④following　⑤named
[完美寫作]made up of two parts
基礎(chǔ)鞏固 達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ．1．a(chǎn)re forecast　2．disasters　3．grabbed　4．exceptionally　5．sufficiently　6．sheltering　7．a(chǎn)nnouncement；precisely　8．a(chǎn)re threatened；reliable　9．Immediately；rescuers　10．eruption；occurred；claimed
Ⅱ．1．(1)B　(2)E　(3)C　(4)A　(5)D
2．(1)A　(2)C　(3)B
3．C　4．A　5．B
Ⅲ．1．Whatever/No matter what the positive thing is；however/no matter how small it might seem　2．Now that we have realized the great harm caused by haze　3．the moment he called me up
主題引領(lǐng) 寫作提能
應(yīng)用文寫作
Step 1
①natural disasters occur every year；volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards　②They threaten humans' lives and property；some methods of self-rescue　③precisely forecast them and issue relevant announcements　④keep on protecting nature
Step 2
⑤As we all know，natural disasters occur every year in the world，such as volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards．
Step 3
【參考范文】
Hello everyone，I am Li Hua，and it's my honor to have such an opportunity to share our discussion with you．
As we all know，natural disasters occur every year in the world，such as volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards．They threaten humans' lives and property，so we should learn some methods of self-rescue．Fortunately，with the progress of science and technology，the government will precisely forecast them and issue relevant announcements before some disasters．
In the end，let's keep on protecting nature and cherish lives together．That's all！Thanks for your listening!
讀后續(xù)寫
Step 2
①when suddenly a tray fell off the table　②scratched my head　③it occurred to me that　④headed for the exit　⑤telling them to bury their heads in their hands　⑥shelter us from further injuries　⑦The threatening earthquake didn't claim any death
1 / 13(共94張PPT)
第一部分　
教材知識講練
必修第三冊
Unit 6　Disaster and hope
單元主題 導(dǎo)圖串記
單元詞句 語境背記
核心詞匯
1．__________ n．災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍
2．__________ v．預(yù)測，預(yù)報(bào)
3．______ v．攫取，抓住
4．________ n．營救，解救
5．_______ v．(戰(zhàn)爭、事故等)奪去(生命)
6．________ n．危機(jī)
7．_________ num．十億
disaster
forecast
grab
rescue
claim
crisis
billion
核心詞匯
8．_________　　 adv．什么地方都不，無處
9．___________ adv．否則，要不然
10．____________ n．直升機(jī)
11．__________ n．子夜，午夜
12．__________ n．所有物，資產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn)
13．_________ n．庇護(hù)，掩蔽
nowhere
otherwise
helicopter
midnight
property
shelter
閱讀 詞匯
1．______ n．管子
2．______ adj．(用于數(shù)字后面表示)多，余
3．___________ n．颶風(fēng)
4．___________ n．山崩，滑坡
5．_________ n．海嘯
6．typhoon n．______
7．satellite n．__________
tube
plus
hurricane
landslide
tsunami
臺風(fēng)
人造衛(wèi)星
閱讀 詞匯
8．lap n．____________________
9．mosquito n．______
10．county n．_________________________________
(坐著時(shí)的)大腿部
蚊子
(英國的)郡；(美國等國家的)縣
拓展詞匯
1．erupt v．(火山)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)→__________ n．爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)
2．immediately adv．即刻，馬上→___________ adj．立刻的
3．occur v．發(fā)生→____________ n．發(fā)生
4．a(chǎn)nnouncement n．通告，公告→__________ v．宣告，宣布，宣稱→___________ n．廣播員；解說員
5．reliable adj．可信賴的，可靠的→______ v．依靠
6．emergency n．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況，不測事件→_________ adj．新興的→________ vi．浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)
eruption
immediate
occurrence
announce
announcer
rely
emergent
emerge
拓展詞匯
7．exceptionally adv．極其，非常→_____________ adj．杰出的；特別的→________ prep．除……外→__________ n．例外
8．threaten v．威脅到，危及→________ n．威脅；可能會帶來威脅的人(事)
9．precisely adv．精確地，準(zhǔn)確地→_________ adj．精確的，準(zhǔn)確的
10．sufficient adj．足夠的，充足的→______________ adv．足夠地，充足地
exceptional
except
exception
threat
precise
sufficiently
高頻短語
1．_____________ 還沒有
2．_______________ 和……比起來，與……相比
3．_______________ 到達(dá)……
4．_________________ 突然；猛地
5．______________ 瀏覽
6．______________ 而且
have yet to
compare to...
make it to...
all of a sudden
look through
what's more
高頻短語
7．fly off ______
8．think about ______
9．in the open air ________
10．keep on ______
11．move on ______
12．blow away ______
飛走
考慮
在戶外
繼續(xù)
前進(jìn)
吹走
句型公式
1．Looking through my newspaper，I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town．(動詞-ing作狀語)
我翻閱著報(bào)紙，震驚地看到在亞洲一場臺風(fēng)已經(jīng)摧毀了一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的照片。
2．Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...(now that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)
既然在地球上難逃一劫，或許我應(yīng)該開始考慮移民太空了……
句型公式
3．He had disappeared the moment the storm hit．(the moment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)
暴風(fēng)雨來襲的那一刻他就失蹤了。
4．But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try to see the good side of things．(whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
不過媽媽說不管發(fā)生什么，我們都應(yīng)該盡量看到事情好的一面。
句型公式
5．Although we are surrounded by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives．
(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
雖然我們周圍的一切都提醒著我們這里曾發(fā)生的災(zāi)難，但大家都在為重建家園和生活而一同努力著。
The hurricane was exceptionally strong yesterday，1．_________ (cause) significant damage to people's property．Based on the announcement，a number of lives 2．______________ (claim) by the disaster．People 3．__________ survived the disaster had nowhere to go．Plus，drinking water was hard 4．________ (get) and there was no sufficient food．Their emotions erupted like 5．___ volcano and a sense of 6．________________ (helpless) grabbed them．7．_________ (luck)，the reliable government immediately
causing
were claimed
who/that
to get
a
helplessness
Luckily
took action and sent helicopters to rescue the 8．_________(trap) people．Otherwise they would have starved to death．At midnight，mosquitos circled the shelter and 9．_____(bite) people's laps precisely．People's lives and property are still under threat，because no one knows 10．_________ the hurricane will occur again or not．
trapped
bit
whether
考點(diǎn)歸納 精準(zhǔn)講練
1．a(chǎn)nnouncement n．通告，公告
①She announced the winner of the competition ____ the excited audience．
②It _______________ (announce) that the groups had agreed to a ceasefire．
③Mary ___________ to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy．The ______________ of their marriage will appear in the local newspaper next week．(announce)
to
was announced
announced
announcement
完美寫作　應(yīng)用文寫作之通知
請注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片Growing Together將于晚上7點(diǎn)半在學(xué)校大廳上映。
Attention，please．________________________________．
An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30 p．m．
I have an announcement to make
◎make an announcement發(fā)布通知
◎announce v．宣告，宣布，宣稱
announce sth．to sb．＝announce to sb．sth．向某人宣布某事
It is announced that...據(jù)宣布……
◎(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement．“Today at 1：10 there will be auditions(面試)for a musical．”
我正在教室里看書，這時(shí)傳來一則通知：“今天 1 點(diǎn) 10 分將有一場音樂劇的面試。”
2．reliable adj．可信賴的，可靠的
①To be honest，he is not a man who can ___________ (rely) on．
②Many working women rely _________ relatives to help take care of their children．
③My friend is a __________ (rely) person，and I'm sure he will give you a hand．
be relied
on/upon
reliable
完美寫作　一句多譯
當(dāng)你有困難時(shí)，你可以依靠我來幫助你。
①_________________________________________________________
②_________________________________________________________
You can rely on/upon me to help you when you are in trouble.
You can rely on/upon it that I can help you when you are in trouble.
◎rely v．依著
rely on/upon＝depend on/upon＝count on/upon依靠，依賴
◎rely on/upon sb．to do sth．指望/仰仗某人做某事
rely on/upon it＋that從句　指望/相信……
◎In my mind，you are a reliable friend forever，and I depend on you so much．
在我心中，你永遠(yuǎn)是一個(gè)值得信賴的朋友，我是如此的依賴你。
3．rescue v．&n．營救；解救；救援
① Several people saw I was in trouble，but no one came ____ my rescue．
②The little girl was rescued ______ a burning building when the disaster occurred．
③Many parents couldn't hold back their tears when a _________(rescue) carried a teenage girl out of the ruins．
to
from
rescuer
完美寫作　句式升級
The child who was rescued just now is being sent to the nearest hospital．
→The child __________________ is being sent to the nearest hospital．
(非謂語動詞)
rescued just now
◎rescue sb．/sth．from sth．從……中營救……
go/come to one's rescue去/來救某人
◎rescuer n．營救人員
◎Whenever we are in danger，we can always rely on it that they will come to our rescue/come to rescue us．
每當(dāng)我們處于危險(xiǎn)之中時(shí)，我們總能相信他們會來救我們。
4．threaten v．威脅，恐嚇；威脅到，危及
①In the story，the orphan boy，Oliver Twist，is forced to be a thief by some bad people who threaten _________ (kill) him if he does not cooperate．
②With some 40% of plant species _______ threat of extinction，there would be more urgency around protecting them．
③Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat ____ wildlife and to our planet．
to kill
under
to
④(譯林版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 1)The desert appeared completely empty，which was calming and _____________ (threaten) at the same time．
完美寫作　應(yīng)用文寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù)
這會對農(nóng)業(yè)和食物鏈造成威脅，由此而危及人的健康。
This ___________________ agriculture and the food chain，and consequently to human health．
threatening
poses a threat to
◎threaten to do sth．威脅做某事
◎threat n．威脅；可能會帶來危險(xiǎn)的人(事)
a threat to...對……構(gòu)成威脅的人或事
under threat 受到威脅
◎threatening adj．恐嚇的，威脅的； threatened adj．受到威脅的；感到危險(xiǎn)的
◎The powerful storm that is approaching threatens to cause widespread destruction．
即將來臨的暴風(fēng)雨有造成大范圍破壞的威脅。
5．otherwise adv．否則，要不然；除此以外；以另外方式 conj．否則，要不然
①Seize the chance，____________(＝otherwise) you will regret it．
②The rent is high，but __________________(＝otherwise) the house is satisfactory．
③Thank you for your timely help；otherwise we __________ (be) in great trouble now．
or/or else
in the other way
would be
完美寫作　應(yīng)用文寫作之通知
建議所有要參加摘蘋果的學(xué)生都應(yīng)該戴上帽子和手套，要不然會有很多樹葉或臟東西掉到你的頭上，弄臟你的手。
It is suggested that all the students who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves．_______________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________．
Otherwise，there will be a lot of leaves or dirty things that will fall on your head and make your hands dirty
◎otherwise (conj．)＝or/or else否則，不然
◎otherwise (adv．)＝in the other way不同地，在其他方面
◎She was a bit tired，but otherwise in good health．
她有點(diǎn)累，但除此之外身體狀況良好。
6．[教材原句]One very hot summer，the sun reflected off it and melted cars parked below！[過去分詞(短語)作定語]
有一年夏天非常熱，大樓表面反射的陽光竟然熔化了停在樓下的車！
①The party ______ (hold) last night was a success．
②The girl ________ (ask) questions was our monitor．
③The meeting __________ (attend) by over five thousand people welcomed the great hero．
held
asking
attended
④There was a terrible noise ___________ (follow) the sudden burst of light．
⑤Our group would like to organize a book donation activity _______ (name)“Sharing Books，Passing Love” for Xinhua Primary School．
完美寫作　應(yīng)用文寫作之邀請信
音樂節(jié)由兩部分組成，將使我們更多地了解中國民間音樂。
The music festival，______________________，will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．
following
named
made up of two parts
◎單個(gè)過去分詞作定語時(shí)，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時(shí)，需要置于被修飾詞之后。過去分詞短語作定語要后置，放在被修飾詞之后。
◎不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)只表示動作的完成，而沒有被動意義。
◎We lay on the grass，staring at the night sky spotted with twinkling stars．
我們躺在草地上，凝視著被閃爍的星星點(diǎn)綴的夜空。
基礎(chǔ)鞏固 達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．Oil prices ______________ (forecast) to increase by less than 2% this year．
2．This is one of the worst natural ___________ (disaster) ever to strike the area．
3．A thief _________ (grab) her handbag as she was walking across the park．
are forecast
disasters
grabbed
4．The young man is an _____________ (exceptional) talented player．
5．McGeechan has not recovered ______________ (sufficient) to play in the semi-final tomorrow．
6．The teacher was holding a broad umbrella，____________ (shelter) the student from the rain．
7．In an ______________ (announce)，the minister said that experts had known ___________ (precise) the number of the infected people．
exceptionally
sufficiently
sheltering
announcement
precisely
8．Now many species ________________ (threaten) with extinction．
As a result，some __________(rely) measures should be taken to protect them．
9．_____________ (immediate) the __________ (rescue) arrived at the flooded area，they got down to work．
10．It was the biggest __________ (erupt) of the volcano that had __________ (occur) in the past 30 years．It _________ (claim) hundreds of lives．
are threatened
reliable
Immediately
rescuers
eruption
occurred
claimed
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．claim
A．奪去(生命)　B．聲稱，主張　C．索要，索取　D．獲得，贏得　E．認(rèn)領(lǐng)
(1)(2022·全國甲卷)It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution．It's high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it． ___
(2)The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you could keep it． ___
B
E
(3)She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered． ___
(4)The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents' lives． ___
(5)In the English speech，the young man who claimed first prize jumped with a thrill of joy． ___
C
A
D
2．shelter
A．n．居所　B．n．避難所　C．v．保護(hù)
(1)Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds，animals and insects． ___
(2)People planted many trees in this area to shelter it from strong sand storms． ___
(3)(2024·全國甲卷)... almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter． ___
A
C
B
3．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy． ___
A．否則，要不然　B．除此之外　　C．在其他方面
4．An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first． ___
A．吃，喝 B．攫取，抓住 C．利用(機(jī)會)
5．There's a new indoor play centre，plus the special events and workshops，and others during school holiday periods． ___
A．多，余 B．還有，以及 C．有利的
C
A
B
1．不管積極的事情是什么，不管它看起來有多小，把它寫下來。
___________________________________________，______________ ___________________________________，write it down．
2．既然我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到霧霾所造成的巨大危害，我們就應(yīng)該采取措施來減少它。
________________________________________________，we should take measures to reduce it．
Whatever/No matter what the positive thing is
however/no
matter how small it might seem
Now that we have realized the great harm caused by haze
Ⅲ．寫作遷移
3．I had been out of touch with Allen for many years but as soon as he called me up that day，I recognized his voice．
→I had been out of touch with Allen for many years but ____________________________ that day，I recognized his voice．
the moment he called me up
主題引領(lǐng) 寫作提能
假定你是李華，你們班上周舉行了以“如何應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)難”為主題的討論會。請你寫一份發(fā)言稿，分享你們的討論成果，內(nèi)容如下：
1．自然災(zāi)難的種類及危害；
2．如何應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)難。
Step1　寫作微練
①我們都知道，世界上每年都會有自然災(zāi)難發(fā)生，比如火山噴發(fā)、山體滑坡、臺風(fēng)、暴風(fēng)雪等。
We all know that ____________________________________ in the world，such as ____________________________________________．
②它們威脅人類的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)，因此，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)一些自救的方法。
___________________________________________ so we should learn _____________________________．
natural disasters occur every year
volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards
They threaten humans' lives and property
some methods of self-rescue
③隨著科技的進(jìn)步，在一些災(zāi)難發(fā)生前，政府會進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)報(bào)，并且發(fā)布相關(guān)的通告。
With the progress of science and technology，the government will ________________________________________________ before some disasters．
④讓我們繼續(xù)保護(hù)自然，共同珍惜生命。
Let's ___________________________ and cherish lives together．
precisely forecast them and issue relevant announcements
keep on protecting nature
Step2　句式升級
⑤用非限制性定語從句改寫句①
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As we all know，natural disasters occur every year in the world，such as volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards.
Step3　妙筆成篇
【參考范文】
Hello everyone，I am Li Hua，and it's my honor to have such an opportunity to share our discussion with you．
As we all know，natural disasters occur every year in the world，such as volcanic eruptions，landslides，typhoons and blizzards．They threaten humans' lives and property，so we should learn some methods of self-rescue．Fortunately，with the progress of science and technology，the government will precisely forecast them and issue relevant announcements before some disasters．
In the end，let's keep on protecting nature and cherish lives together．That's all！Thanks for your listening!
教材語料 亮詞 forecast；grab；rescue；claim；threaten→threat；shelter；disaster；erupt；hurricane；landslide；tsunami；typhoon；blizzard；avalanche；crisis；mosquito；midnight；county；reliable
Step 1　語料積累
教材語料 美句 1．Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart，I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face．
2．Mom cried to get out quickly，but it was already too late by then．
3．Looking through my newspaper，I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town．
4．Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans，their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on．
拓展語料 詞塊 drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低頭；put/hold/bury one's head in one's hands雙手抱頭；nod/shake one's head 點(diǎn)/搖頭；rest one's head on/against...把頭靠在……上面；scratch one's head 撓頭；raise one's head抬頭；throw one's head back 把頭往后仰
拓展 語料 句型 1．I walked slowly to the bus，my head down，tears in my eyes．(獨(dú)立主格)
我慢慢地向公共汽車走去，低著頭，眼里含著淚水。
2．Her mother stopped her housework，raising her head with worry in her eyes．(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)
她母親停下了家務(wù)活，抬起頭，眼里流露出憂慮。
3．When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep．
他回到家，把頭埋在被子里，假裝睡著了。
拓展 語料 句型 4．I rose to my feet，sat close to my mother，rested my head on her shoulder and couldn't help weeping．(動作鏈描寫)
我站起身來，坐在母親身邊，把頭靠在她的肩膀上，忍不住哭了起來。
Step2　語料運(yùn)用
①我是一名日間值班的護(hù)士，突然一個(gè)托盤從桌子上掉了下來。
I，a nurse，was on day duty _________________________________．
②我撓了撓頭，不知道正發(fā)生什么事。
I ___________________，wondering what was happening．
③然后我想到這是一場地震。
Then ________________________ it was an earthquake．
when suddenly a tray fell off the table
scratched my head
it occurred to me that
④一些病人驚恐地尖叫著奔向出口。
Some patients screamed in terror and _____________________．
⑤雖然我害怕得要死，但我還是抓住了我的擴(kuò)音器，告訴他們雙手抱住頭，蹲到床底下。
Although I was scared to death，I grabbed my loudspeaker，_________________________________________ and crouch under the bed．(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)
headed for the exit
telling them to bury their heads in their hands
⑥不久，地震停止了，可靠的救援人員來救我們，并保護(hù)我們免受進(jìn)一步的傷害。
Soon the earthquake stopped and the reliable rescuers came to our rescue and __________________________________．
⑦謝天謝地！威脅性的地震沒有造成任何人員死亡，我們松了一口氣。
Thank goodness ！ ___________________________________________ and we sighed in relief．
shelter us from further injuries
The threatening earthquake didn't claim any death
課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)(十八)
Ⅰ．閱讀理解(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·河南開封三模)
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are indicating that accurate quake forecasting may be attainable，thereby casting doubt on the conventional wisdom that such an accomplishment is beyond our capabilities．Researchers at the University of Texas，Austin，created an AI model that，during a test run in China，correctly forecasted approximately 70 percent of earthquakes with a one-week warning and offered reliable assessments of their potential intensity．
The researchers attribute their technique's effectiveness to its reliance on a straightforward machine learning framework．The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics，and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings．Once trained，the AI offered predictions by detecting early indicators of quakes hidden within the planet's low-frequency rumbles (隆隆聲)．
The project marks a substantial breakthrough in the exploration of AI for anticipating seismic (地震的) events．According to Alexandros Savvaidis，a senior researcher heading the Texas Seismological Network，“Seismic occurrences strike without warning，often in the blink of an eye．Your readiness is all you can influence．Achieving a 70% prediction rate is a considerable achievement that could significantly restrict the impact of earthquakes，reducing both the financial burden and loss of life，and the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide．”
Although the effectiveness of this method in different regions remains uncertain，the researchers believe that their AI model has the potential to enhance prediction accuracy when carried out in regions equipped with dependable seismic monitoring facilities．Their next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas，where the University of Texas's TexNet operates a network of 300 earthquake stations and over six years' worth of continuous records，making it an ideal location for these purposes．
Ultimately，the authors aim to combine the system with physics-based models．This approach could be particularly valuable in areas characterized by limited or inadequate data．“That may be a long way off，but many advances such as this one，taken together，are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker，the bureau's director．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能可以給出準(zhǔn)確的地震預(yù)測，并介紹了其工作原理以及意義。
1．How does the AI predict seismic events？(　　)
A．It identifies data from the satellites．
B．It analyzes background sounds in the Earth．
C．It models data based on earthquake recordings．
D．It monitors changes in the Earth's magnetic field．
√
B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Once trained，the AI offered predictions by detecting early indicators of quakes hidden within the planet's low-frequency rumbles．”可知，人工智能分析地球上的背景聲音預(yù)測地震事件。故選B。]
2．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3？(　　)
A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes．
B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes．
C．The significance of developing the AI prediction．
D．The restrictions of AI-based methods in earthquake prediction．
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The project marks...improve earthquake preparation worldwide．”可知，亞歷山德羅斯·薩瓦伊迪斯想在第三段說明發(fā)展人工智能預(yù)測的意義。故選C。]
3．What does the subsequent research focus on？(　　)
A．Conducting tests in different locations．
B．Applying the AI approach to other fields．
C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas．
D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy．
√
A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，接下來的研究重點(diǎn)是在不同地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測試。故選A。]
4．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology？
(　　)
A．Stable but outdated．
B．Effective but costly．
C．Potential and economical．
D．Pioneering and promising．
√
D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句以及最后一段最后一句可推知，地震預(yù)測技術(shù)具有開創(chuàng)性，前景廣闊。故選D。]
Ⅱ．閱讀七選五(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·安徽合肥模擬)
Panic attacks cause a sudden intense fear when no danger is present or there is no identifiable trigger (誘因)．This fear activates the body's emergency system，causing the physical fight or flight reactions． 1 .
Learn to be flexible．
If you are sitting on the couch watching TV and you start to feel a panic attack，don't continue to sit there and think about it．Get up and do something else！Leave your desk and apply some cold water to your face．Call a friend．Or just leave the house to get some fresh air． 2 .
Work out．
When feeling panic，it can be effective to match the intensity of the anxiety with physical exercise．Just go outside，walk energetically around the block，or walk up and down the stairs until the feeling passes．Gentle exercise is less effective while intense exercise can make it difficult to think about anything else． 3 People tend to tense their muscles when having anxiety and panic．
Breathe properly．
4 Naturally，people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse．So do it slowly through your nose by pushing your abdomen (腹部) out for 5－7 seconds．Hold your breath for a few seconds and then breathe it out through your mouth slowly．
5 .
Pick something objective and study it deeply．Then describe every detail of it．When you finish one item，move on to describe other items．For example，what is the leaf like？Does it have smooth edges？What is its color？Are some new leaves coming out？This exercise can help bring you back to the moment and away from focusing on physical sensations．
A．Shift your focus．
B．Enhance muscle building．
C．Incorrect breathing can lead to shortness of breath．
D．Physical exercise can also help your muscles relax．
E．If not controlled，they can be terrifying and life-changing．
F．So use these tools to measure it when a panic attack starts．
G．In a word，don't remain in the same environment whenever possible．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)對恐慌發(fā)作的方法。
1．E　[上文“This fear activates the body's emergency system，causing the physical fight or flight reactions．”說明恐懼會引發(fā)身體的應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)，從而導(dǎo)致生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)。空處總結(jié)前文，說明這樣會產(chǎn)生的后果。E項(xiàng)承接上文，說明如果恐慌發(fā)作所造成的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)得不到控制可能會帶來的危害；選項(xiàng)中的代詞“they”指代前文中的“physical fight or flight reactions”，由此可知，E項(xiàng)符合語境。]
2．G　[本段上文說明在感到恐慌時(shí)采取行動，比如離開沙發(fā)去做其他事情、用冷水洗臉、給朋友打電話或出門透氣。空處總結(jié)前文，說明要靈活地面對各種帶給我們恐懼的環(huán)境。G項(xiàng)符合語境。]
3．D　[空前兩句說明運(yùn)動能夠緩解恐懼。空處承上啟下，D項(xiàng)中的“Physical exercise”和主題句“Work out．”相呼應(yīng)，“help your muscles relax”和下文中的“tend to tense their muscles”相呼應(yīng)，說明體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松，因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們感到焦慮和恐慌時(shí)，往往會使肌肉緊張。故選D。]
4．C　[下文“Naturally，people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse．”說明人們的呼吸方式可能是不正確的。空處是對不正確呼吸后果的說明，與接下來的呼吸指導(dǎo)相契合。所以C項(xiàng)符合語境。]
5．A　[根據(jù)下文可知，本段建議轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。選擇一個(gè)客觀物體進(jìn)行深入觀察并描述細(xì)節(jié)，完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項(xiàng)目，以此來引導(dǎo)思維遠(yuǎn)離身體感受；所以A項(xiàng)能夠概括本段主旨，適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。]
Ⅲ．語法填空(限時(shí)6分鐘)
(2024·安徽池州二模)
The saying “All roads lead to Xianyang” may not be widely known，but it is the 1．__________(true)in history．After Qinshihuang，the first emperor of China，unified the country in 221 BCE，he began building state-level roads，Xianyang 2．__________ the center．
Several long roads were therefore completed，3．__________ (cover) a distance of about 750 kilometers，running through plains，mountains，grasslands，deserts，and finally leading to Xianyang，the capital city．
truth
as
covering　
Like the Great Wall，these roads，4．__________(call) Qin Zhidao，literally the Qin Direct Paths or Qin Highways，are considered another miracle in the Qin Dynasty．Generally，the roads were 20 to 60 meters wide and 50 cars could run side by side at the same time on their 5．________(wide) sections．The firmly made surface 6．__________ (shape) like a turtle back above the ground to avoid standing water at that time．Another amazing fact is that grass 7．__________(rare)grow on the road and many parts are still in good condition even today．
called
widest
was shaped
rarely
The mysterious ancient roads，8．__________ date back over 2，200 years and predate the Roman Roads by over 200 years，are known to be 9．__________ natural museum in the history of road construction．Historians evaluate it this way: if the Great Wall is compared to a defensive shield (盾牌)，then Qin Zhidao is the weapon 10．____________________(guard) the stability and prosperity (繁榮) of the Qin Empire．
which
a
guarding/to guard　
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了秦朝的另一個(gè)奇跡：秦直道。
1．truth　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。前面有定冠詞the，所以用名詞作表語，故填truth。]
2．a(chǎn)s　[考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“作為”，后跟名詞，故填as。]
3．covering　[考查非謂語動詞。cover和它所修飾的詞“Several long roads”之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ing形式作后置定語，故填covering。]
4．called　[考查非謂語動詞。call和它所修飾的詞“these roads”之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語，故填called。]
5．widest　[考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處表示“最寬的”，所以用形容詞最高級作定語，故填widest。]
6．was shaped　[考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at that time”可知，描述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，shape和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，主語為不可數(shù)名詞surface，所以be動詞為was，故填was shaped。]
7．rarely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞，所以用副詞，故填rarely。]
8．which　[考查非限制性定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“The mysterious ancient roads”，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故填which。]
9．a(chǎn)　[考查冠詞。此處泛指一個(gè)，所以用不定冠詞，natural的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的，故填a。]
10．guarding/to guard　[考查非謂語動詞。guard和它所修飾的詞之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ing形式作后置定語，也可以看作是weapon后跟動詞不定式作后置定語，故填guarding/to guard。]
Ⅳ．讀后續(xù)寫(限時(shí)25分鐘)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2025年1月·八省高考適應(yīng)性考試)
I was in Philadelphia for a conference when I saw an ad in the hotel． A nearby theater was showing a documentary(紀(jì)錄片)about several local animal shelters that were helping to save abandoned dogs across the country． I love animals，and I felt an urge to go to this fundraising event． However，none of my co-workers would go with me，and I was worried about walking on the street alone at night．
I resigned myself to spending the evening in my hotel room，but as soon as I got back to my room I felt restless and bored． The theater where the event was taking place was only about five blocks from the hotel，and the area around the hotel didn't seem particularly dangerous． So，I decided to brave it． I gathered up my wallet and room key and set off．
It was already getting dark and the streets were nearly deserted． I managed to find the street the theater was on，but when I turned the corner，I stopped in shock． In front of the theater were a group of bikers—very big，tough-looking bikers．
I've known lots of motorcycle enthusiasts and most are nice people． However，in this case，I was a woman all alone，in a strange neighborhood，at night，and there were twenty or so very large men—all wearing insignia (徽章)that indicated they were in some sort of club—standing before me． Warning bells began to sound in my head，and my heart was pounding．Was I at the right theater Had I misread the date of the event
A sign outside the theater told me that I was in the right place on the right evening．Nevertheless，I wondered if I should rush back to my hotel instead of walking through that crowd of bikers． I finally decided that I would be safer inside the theater． Hopefully，the bikers would have gone away by the time the film was over．
注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。
I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group．______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside. My heart sank and I felt a bit panicked． But I noticed that they were all very orderly． Some were chatting quietly about the dogs they had rescued． I took a deep breath and found an empty seat as faraway from them as possible． I was still a bit nervous but tried to calm myself down，waiting for the film to start．
When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group. They were here for the same reason as me—to support the local animal shelters． I felt so ashamed of my initial fear． As the film played，I saw their efforts in saving the abandoned dogs． They were so passionate and kind． After the film，I went up to them and apologized for my misjudgment． They just laughed and said it was okay． We even exchanged contact information to keep in touch about future animal-saving activities．
謝 謝！課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)(十八)
必修第三冊　Unit 6　Disaster and hope
Ⅰ．閱讀理解(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·河南開封三模)
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are indicating that accurate quake forecasting may be attainable，thereby casting doubt on the conventional wisdom that such an accomplishment is beyond our capabilities．Researchers at the University of Texas，Austin，created an AI model that，during a test run in China，correctly forecasted approximately 70 percent of earthquakes with a one-week warning and offered reliable assessments of their potential intensity．
The researchers attribute their technique's effectiveness to its reliance on a straightforward machine learning framework．The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics，and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings．Once trained，the AI offered predictions by detecting early indicators of quakes hidden within the planet's low-frequency rumbles (隆隆聲)．
The project marks a substantial breakthrough in the exploration of AI for anticipating seismic (地震的) events．According to Alexandros Savvaidis，a senior researcher heading the Texas Seismological Network，“Seismic occurrences strike without warning，often in the blink of an eye．Your readiness is all you can influence．Achieving a 70% prediction rate is a considerable achievement that could significantly restrict the impact of earthquakes，reducing both the financial burden and loss of life，and the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide．”
Although the effectiveness of this method in different regions remains uncertain，the researchers believe that their AI model has the potential to enhance prediction accuracy when carried out in regions equipped with dependable seismic monitoring facilities．Their next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas，where the University of Texas's TexNet operates a network of 300 earthquake stations and over six years' worth of continuous records，making it an ideal location for these purposes．
Ultimately，the authors aim to combine the system with physics-based models．This approach could be particularly valuable in areas characterized by limited or inadequate data．“That may be a long way off，but many advances such as this one，taken together，are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker，the bureau's director．
1．How does the AI predict seismic events？(　　)
A．It identifies data from the satellites．
B．It analyzes background sounds in the Earth．
C．It models data based on earthquake recordings．
D．It monitors changes in the Earth's magnetic field．
2．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3？(　　)
A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes．
B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes．
C．The significance of developing the AI prediction．
D．The restrictions of AI-based methods in earthquake prediction．
3．What does the subsequent research focus on？(　　)
A．Conducting tests in different locations．
B．Applying the AI approach to other fields．
C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas．
D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy．
4．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology？(　　)
A．Stable but outdated．
B．Effective but costly．
C．Potential and economical．
D．Pioneering and promising．
Ⅱ．閱讀七選五(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·安徽合肥模擬)
Panic attacks cause a sudden intense fear when no danger is present or there is no identifiable trigger (誘因)．This fear activates the body's emergency system，causing the physical fight or flight reactions． 1
Learn to be flexible．
If you are sitting on the couch watching TV and you start to feel a panic attack，don't continue to sit there and think about it．Get up and do something else！Leave your desk and apply some cold water to your face．Call a friend．Or just leave the house to get some fresh air． 2
Work out．
When feeling panic，it can be effective to match the intensity of the anxiety with physical exercise．Just go outside，walk energetically around the block，or walk up and down the stairs until the feeling passes．Gentle exercise is less effective while intense exercise can make it difficult to think about anything else． 3 People tend to tense their muscles when having anxiety and panic．
Breathe properly．
4 Naturally，people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse．So do it slowly through your nose by pushing your abdomen (腹部) out for 5－7 seconds．Hold your breath for a few seconds and then breathe it out through your mouth slowly．
5
Pick something objective and study it deeply．Then describe every detail of it．When you finish one item，move on to describe other items．For example，what is the leaf like？Does it have smooth edges？What is its color？Are some new leaves coming out？This exercise can help bring you back to the moment and away from focusing on physical sensations．
A．Shift your focus．
B．Enhance muscle building．
C．Incorrect breathing can lead to shortness of breath．
D．Physical exercise can also help your muscles relax．
E．If not controlled，they can be terrifying and life-changing．
F．So use these tools to measure it when a panic attack starts．
G．In a word，don't remain in the same environment whenever possible．
Ⅲ．語法填空(限時(shí)6分鐘)
(2024·安徽池州二模)
The saying “All roads lead to Xianyang” may not be widely known，but it is the 1．__________(true)in history．After Qinshihuang，the first emperor of China，unified the country in 221 BCE，he began building state-level roads，Xianyang 2．__________ the center．Several long roads were therefore completed，3．__________(cover) a distance of about 750 kilometers，running through plains，mountains，grasslands，deserts，and finally leading to Xianyang，the capital city．
Like the Great Wall，these roads，4．__________(call) Qin Zhidao，literally the Qin Direct Paths or Qin Highways，are considered another miracle in the Qin Dynasty．Generally，the roads were 20 to 60 meters wide and 50 cars could run side by side at the same time on their 5．__________(wide) sections．The firmly made surface 6．__________(shape) like a turtle back above the ground to avoid standing water at that time．Another amazing fact is that grass 7．__________(rare)grow on the road and many parts are still in good condition even today．
The mysterious ancient roads，8．__________ date back over 2，200 years and predate the Roman Roads by over 200 years，are known to be 9．__________ natural museum in the history of road construction．Historians evaluate it this way: if the Great Wall is compared to a defensive shield (盾牌)，then Qin Zhidao is the weapon 10．__________(guard) the stability and prosperity (繁榮) of the Qin Empire．
Ⅳ．讀后續(xù)寫(限時(shí)25分鐘)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2025年1月·八省高考適應(yīng)性考試)
I was in Philadelphia for a conference when I saw an ad in the hotel． A nearby theater was showing a documentary(紀(jì)錄片)about several local animal shelters that were helping to save abandoned dogs across the country． I love animals，and I felt an urge to go to this fundraising event． However，none of my co-workers would go with me，and I was worried about walking on the street alone at night．
I resigned myself to spending the evening in my hotel room，but as soon as I got back to my room I felt restless and bored． The theater where the event was taking place was only about five blocks from the hotel，and the area around the hotel didn't seem particularly dangerous． So，I decided to brave it． I gathered up my wallet and room key and set off．
It was already getting dark and the streets were nearly deserted． I managed to find the street the theater was on，but when I turned the corner，I stopped in shock． In front of the theater were a group of bikers—very big，tough-looking bikers．
I've known lots of motorcycle enthusiasts and most are nice people． However，in this case，I was a woman all alone，in a strange neighborhood，at night，and there were twenty or so very large men—all wearing insignia (徽章)that indicated they were in some sort of club—standing before me． Warning bells began to sound in my head，and my heart was pounding．Was I at the right theater Had I misread the date of the event
A sign outside the theater told me that I was in the right place on the right evening．Nevertheless，I wondered if I should rush back to my hotel instead of walking through that crowd of bikers． I finally decided that I would be safer inside the theater． Hopefully，the bikers would have gone away by the time the film was over．
注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。
I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)(十八)
Ⅰ．【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能可以給出準(zhǔn)確的地震預(yù)測，并介紹了其工作原理以及意義。
1．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Once trained，the AI offered predictions by detecting early indicators of quakes hidden within the planet's low-frequency rumbles．”可知，人工智能分析地球上的背景聲音預(yù)測地震事件。故選B。]
2．C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The project marks...improve earthquake preparation worldwide．”可知，亞歷山德羅斯·薩瓦伊迪斯想在第三段說明發(fā)展人工智能預(yù)測的意義。故選C。]
3．A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，接下來的研究重點(diǎn)是在不同地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測試。故選A。]
4．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句以及最后一段最后一句可推知，地震預(yù)測技術(shù)具有開創(chuàng)性，前景廣闊。故選D。]
Ⅱ．【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)對恐慌發(fā)作的方法。
1．E　[上文“This fear activates the body's emergency system，causing the physical fight or flight reactions．”說明恐懼會引發(fā)身體的應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)，從而導(dǎo)致生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)。空處總結(jié)前文，說明這樣會產(chǎn)生的后果。E項(xiàng)承接上文，說明如果恐慌發(fā)作所造成的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)得不到控制可能會帶來的危害；選項(xiàng)中的代詞“they”指代前文中的“physical fight or flight reactions”，由此可知，E項(xiàng)符合語境。]
2．G　[本段上文說明在感到恐慌時(shí)采取行動，比如離開沙發(fā)去做其他事情、用冷水洗臉、給朋友打電話或出門透氣。空處總結(jié)前文，說明要靈活地面對各種帶給我們恐懼的環(huán)境。G項(xiàng)符合語境。]
3．D　[空前兩句說明運(yùn)動能夠緩解恐懼。空處承上啟下，D項(xiàng)中的“Physical exercise”和主題句“Work out．”相呼應(yīng)，“help your muscles relax”和下文中的“tend to tense their muscles”相呼應(yīng)，說明體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松，因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們感到焦慮和恐慌時(shí)，往往會使肌肉緊張。故選D。]
4．C　[下文“Naturally，people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse．”說明人們的呼吸方式可能是不正確的。空處是對不正確呼吸后果的說明，與接下來的呼吸指導(dǎo)相契合。所以C項(xiàng)符合語境。]
5．A　[根據(jù)下文可知，本段建議轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。選擇一個(gè)客觀物體進(jìn)行深入觀察并描述細(xì)節(jié)，完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項(xiàng)目，以此來引導(dǎo)思維遠(yuǎn)離身體感受；所以A項(xiàng)能夠概括本段主旨，適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。]
Ⅲ．【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了秦朝的另一個(gè)奇跡：秦直道。
1．truth　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。前面有定冠詞the，所以用名詞作表語，故填truth。]
2．a(chǎn)s　[考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“作為”，后跟名詞，故填as。]
3．covering　[考查非謂語動詞。cover和它所修飾的詞“Several long roads”之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ing形式作后置定語，故填covering。]
4．called　[考查非謂語動詞。call和它所修飾的詞“these roads”之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語，故填called。]
5．widest　[考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處表示“最寬的”，所以用形容詞最高級作定語，故填widest。]
6．was shaped　[考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at that time”可知，描述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，shape和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，主語為不可數(shù)名詞surface，所以be動詞為was，故填was shaped。]
7．rarely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞，所以用副詞，故填rarely。]
8．which　[考查非限制性定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“The mysterious ancient roads”，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故填which。]
9．a(chǎn)　[考查冠詞。此處泛指一個(gè)，所以用不定冠詞，natural的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的，故填a。]
10．guarding/to guard　[考查非謂語動詞。guard和它所修飾的詞之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ing形式作后置定語，也可以看作是weapon后跟動詞不定式作后置定語，故填guarding/to guard。]
Ⅳ．【參考范文】
　I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside.　 My heart sank and I felt a bit panicked． But I noticed that they were all very orderly． Some were chatting quietly about the dogs they had rescued． I took a deep breath and found an empty seat as faraway from them as possible． I was still a bit nervous but tried to calm myself down，waiting for the film to start．
　When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group.　 They were here for the same reason as me—to support the local animal shelters． I felt so ashamed of my initial fear． As the film played，I saw their efforts in saving the abandoned dogs． They were so passionate and kind． After the film，I went up to them and apologized for my misjudgment． They just laughed and said it was okay． We even exchanged contact information to keep in touch about future animal-saving activities．
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