資源簡介

核心 詞匯 1．__________ v．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興 趣，引起……的好奇心 2．______ v．將……埋在下面 3．______ n．殘垣斷壁，廢墟 4．_________ v．拒絕考慮，否定 5．_________ v．后退；離開；退避 6．________ v．退縮，畏縮 7．_____________ adv．此外；而且；不僅如此 8．_________ adv．向上，朝上 9．___________ n．物質
閱讀 詞匯 1．_________ n．金字塔 2．_______ n．運河 3．__________ adj．來自熱帶的；產于熱帶的 4．__________ n．衰敗 5．_________ n．逃跑，逃走 6．________ v．克制，抑制(情緒) 7．delve v．_______ 8．shipwreck n．_________ 9．archaeological adj．__________ 10．coral n．____ 11．millimetre n．____ 12．equivalent adj．_____________ 13．stack v．_____________ 14．vol(＝volume) n．_________
拓展 詞匯 1．civilisation n．文明(社會)→__________ v．使文明；使有教養→___________ adj．文明的 2．astronomy n．天文學→___________ n．宇航員 3．abandon v．離棄，逃離→___________ adj．被拋棄的；廢棄的 4．expansion n．擴大；增加→________ v．擴大；增加 5．investigation n．調查→_____________ v．調查；研究 6．notable adj．顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→______ v．注意；特別提到 7．drilling n．鉆探；勘探→_______ v．鉆孔；打眼；操練
高頻 短語 1．fall into ruin _______________ 2．make a getaway _______ 3．apply...to... __________ 4．check out _______ 5．test the waters _______ 6．steer clear of _____________ 7．set out _____________ 8．throw oneself into ____________ 9．_____________ 再三考慮，慎重考慮 10．_____________ 避免做，不愿做 11．___________ 調查(問題) 12．____________________ 與……相符/一致 13．_____________________ 提供了解……的一個 窗口/渠道 14．_____________________ 超出……的能力范圍
句型 公式 1．It contained more than 800 characters，with some signs representing animals，people and objects and others representing syllables．(with復合結構) 它包含800多個字符，一些符號代表動物、人和物體，另一些符號代表音節。 2．The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious．(that引導同位語從句) 瑪雅社會的科技水平十分原始，這一事實使得它的種種成就更加令人難以置信、神秘莫測。 3．Meanwhile，the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past，present and future．(leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語) 同時，瑪雅文明的崛起與衰落必定也讓我們思考我們自己的過去、現在與將來。 4．Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks．(完全倒裝) 全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬艘沉船殘骸。 5．Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some of which are completely new to us．(“代詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句) 此外，海洋是珍貴的自然資源，其中一些對我們來說完全是新的資源。
While diving in the deep waters of a trench，some divers happened to find a whole city 1．________ (bury) beneath the waves as well as a shipwreck 2．____________ was full of corals．This 3．___________ (discover) intrigued some archaeologists．They 4．_____________ (immediate) threw themselves into studying the history of the city and 5．__________ it fell into ruin．In the middle of the investigation，they suddenly found some 6．____________ (mystery) creatures swimming around them．They subdued their fear and 7．___________ (continue) their investigation．But with the expansion of the number of these strange creatures，they realized a notable problem—8．____ was not safe to continue staying in the water．After thinking 9．_______ (two)，they decided to stop 10．_________ (delve) deeper and abandon the city as well as the ship，retreat and make a getaway．After all，life is the most important．
1．bury v．將……埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；隱藏
①Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and _________ (bury) her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily．
②________(bury)in the newspaper，she didn't notice a thief steal her purse．
③They buried ____________ (them) in their studies，in the belief that they would serve the country with their knowledge．
　讀后續寫之心理描寫
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms．
①David still refused to look at me，__________________________________．(with復合結構)
②David still refused to look at me，_____________________________．(獨立主格結構)
◎bury oneself in埋頭于；專心于
◎be buried in專心于；被埋在……
◎bury one's face in one's hands 雙手掩面
◎I am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lots of knowledge．
我每天專心讀英文報并獲得了許多知識。
2．ruin n．殘垣斷壁，廢墟；毀壞；破產 v．毀壞；使破產
①(人教版必修第一冊Unit 4)Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt．In less than one minute，a large city lay ____ ruins．
②It rained for one week on end，completely _________ (ruin) our holidays．
③Because of the fire，all the people left and the whole village has fallen ______ ruin．
　讀后續寫之情感描寫
突如其來的地震把我們的城市毀了。看到我們的城市變成廢墟，我們雙手掩面，痛哭起來。
The unexpected earthquake ______________________．Seeing our city in ruins，we buried our faces in our hands，bursting into tears．
◎lie/be in ruins 成為廢墟
◎be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
◎fall into ruin 衰落，敗落
◎ruin one's health/fame 毀壞某人的健康/聲譽
◎You can't change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future．
你改變不了過去，但如果你憂慮未來，將會毀了現在。
3．abandon v．離棄，逃離；拋棄；放棄；中止；陷入，沉湎于(某種感情) n．放縱；放任
①(2022·全國乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ___________ (abandon)．
②We sang，danced，and laughed ______ abandon，forgetting the troubles in our lives．
③They abandoned __________ (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money．
④____________ (abandon) himself to the music，he closed his eyes and let the rhythm and melody wash over him．
　讀后續寫之情感描寫
聽到申請被拒絕，她大哭起來，陷入絕望。
①Hearing that the application has been rejected，she burst into tears and ______________________________．
②Hearing that the application has been rejected，she burst into tears and __________________________．
◎abandon oneself to陷入；沉溺于
◎abandon doing...放棄做……
◎with abandon盡情地，放縱地
◎be abandoned to沉湎于……
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)I still remembered my friends' promise so I went past the abandoned milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window．
我仍然記得朋友們的承諾，于是我走過那座廢棄的擠奶房，看看他們是否修好了破窗戶。
4．set out動身踏上(漫長的)旅途；出發
①(北師大版必修第一冊Unit 1)I'm a “go-getter” — when I set _____ to do something，I do my best to achieve it．
②(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden system．It can be set ____ for a family．
③Our school appeals to the students to set _______ at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to improve learning efficiency．
　應用文寫作之倡議書
2009年，聯合國正式將6月8日命名為世界海洋日。建立世界海洋日的目的是提高人們保護海洋的意識。
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day，which ________________________________________________________．
◎set aside 留出；把……放置一旁；不考慮；撤銷
◎set off 出發；引發；使爆炸
◎set up 建立；安裝好；安排
◎set down 寫下；記下
◎set about doing sth．著手做某事
◎set out to do sth．著手做某事
◎The moment we arrived at the farm，we set about picking/set out to pick apples joyfully．
我們一到農場，就開始高興地摘蘋果。
5．[教材原句]Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks．(完全倒裝)
全球水域下沉睡著約三百萬艘沉船殘骸。
①When I was looking at the door，in ______ (come) a girl，wearing a white skirt．
②Among the collections _____ (be) some delicate Chinese vases，which appeal to visitors from all over the world．
③Such ____ (be) my uncle，a warm-hearted and generous person，who is always ready to help others in trouble．
④They arrived at an old church，in front of which _______ (stand) a big crowd of people．
　讀后續寫之場面描寫
當大衛沖過終點線時，人群中響起了雷鳴般的掌聲和歡呼聲。
The moment David crossed the finish line came then；thunderous applause and cheers rose from the crowd．
→____________________________________________________；thunderous applause and cheers rose from the crowd．(倒裝句)
該句為完全倒裝。其他常用情況還有：
◎作表語的分詞短語、形容詞提到系動詞前面時；
◎表示方位、地點和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時；
◎表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞時；
◎代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時。
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)In the spiderwebs was a hummingbird，struggling to escape and I freed it with great care．蜘蛛網上有一只蜂鳥，掙扎著逃跑，我小心翼翼地把它救了出來。
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．The next morning he hired a boat and set out _________ (find) the well-known painter．
2．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to _______ (ruin)，the city takes on a new look now．
3．She still corresponds ______ friends she met in France nine years ago．
4．At the foot of the mountain ______ (lie) a village，where people still live a peaceful life．
5．First，we should make some ________________ (investigate)，turn to our teachers for help and consult some experts．
6．All of these activities contributed to a great age of ___________ (expand) as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods，knowledge and ideas．
7．The people there ___________ the city．Then the ___________ city gradually fell into ruin．(abandon)
8．Nowadays more and more young people throw ____________ (they) into voluntary work．
9．Don't leave the water _________ (run) while you brush your teeth．
10．Lying on the floor _____ (be) two boys who ____________ (bury) in comic books．
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．check out
A．調查；了解……的情況　B．檢查　C．結賬離開
(1)The engineer checked out all the machines before they were put to use． ___
(2)According to regulations of this hotel，guests should check out of their rooms by noon． ___
(3)(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights？ ___
2．dismiss
A．消除，去除　B．解雇，免職　C．解散　D．拒絕考慮
(1)He has been dismissed from his job for incompetence． ___
(2)The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting． ___
(3)The suggestion should not be dismissed out of hand． ___
(4)Dismissing her fears，she climbed higher． ___
3．My sweater shrank in the wash． ___
A．縮水 B．(使)減少　　C．退縮
4．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？ ___
A．廢墟 　　　
B．破壞
C．使破產，使垮臺
5．LoveFone，a company that advocates repairing cell phones rather than abandoning them，opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016． ___
A．逃離
B．放縱
C．丟棄
Ⅲ．寫作遷移
1．借了所有他感興趣的書后，他離開圖書館回到了宿舍。
①____________________________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
②__________________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
③_____________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
2．想到我們可能在這樣的黑暗中迷了路，我感到背上一陣陣發冷。
The thought ______________________________________________ sent shivers down my spine．
3．他的房子著火了，因為他讓廚房爐灶燒著就出去了。
His house caught fire，because he went out but _____________________ __________________．
4．Jane's husband who suffered great anxiety stood at the front door when she was nowhere to be found．
→________________________________________ who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to be found．
假如你是市博物館的志愿者李華，你向來自美國的交換生介紹恐龍滅絕的原因。對于恐龍滅絕的原因，眾說紛紜，其中有三種說法最為可信，它們是氣候突變、大陸漂移和物種斗爭。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　寫作微練
①在所有關于恐龍滅絕原因的不同觀點中有三個較可靠的觀點。
Three relatively reliable ones are among all ______________________________ ______________ for the extinction of dinosaurs．
②地球氣候的突然變化使它們毀滅，恐龍因嚴寒而被凍死。
The sudden change of the earth's climate _____________________ and dinosaurs were frozen to death due to the severe cold．
③根據一些考古學家的記載，大陸漂移使陸地變成了海洋，但是恐龍不會游泳。
According to what some archaeologists set down，the continental drift ________________________________，but dinosaurs couldn't swim．
④新物種——恐龍的天敵——出現了，它們肆無忌憚地吃恐龍蛋，使恐龍無法繁殖后代。
New species，dinosaurs' natural enemies，emerged and ate dinosaur eggs ______________，making it impossible for dinosaurs to reproduce their babies．
⑤隨著時間的流逝，恐龍的尸體被埋在地下，成為化石，因而人類可以研究它們是如何產生和從地球上消失的。
As time goes by，the bodies of dinosaurs __________________________ and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet．
　句式升級
⑥用倒裝句改寫句①
_____________________________________________________________________
⑦用with復合結構改寫句⑤
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　妙筆成篇
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　語料積累
教材 語料 亮詞 abandon；subdue；retreat；shrink；pyramid；canal；megadrought；ruin；the unknown；uncharted；coral；trench；vessel
美句 1．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing． 2．In these waters，more than 200 metres deep，where light cannot reach，are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction．
拓展 語料 寫好成長類的讀后續寫通常有三個步驟：第一步，成長前的苦惱(負面情緒塑造)；第二步，成長過程(蛻變塑造)；第三步，成長后的升華(喜悅＋感激＋升華)。這類主題的升華訣竅如下：
訣竅一： 因學習知識而成長 As the old saying goes，it's never too late to learn．Each individual has access to more challenges and makes great progress through great efforts． 正如那句老話所說，活到老，學到老。每個人都有機會遇到更多的挑戰，通過努力取得巨大的進步。
訣竅二： 因不懈努力而成長 It was at that moment that I realized that everything was possible if I put my heart into it and made efforts constantly． 就在那一刻，我意識到，如果我全心投入并不斷努力，一切皆有可能。
訣竅三： 因追求夢想而成長 Only if we are brave enough to pursue our dreams can we realize what we are looking forward to． 只有勇敢地去追求我們的夢想，我們才能實現我們所期待的。
訣竅四： 因克服恐懼而成長 So thrilled was I that I could hardly contain my tears，knowing that I had conquered my inner fear and given a memorable performance． 我激動得幾乎控制不住我的眼淚，因為我知道我已經克服了內心的恐懼，做了一場難忘的表演。
訣竅五： 因克服自卑而成長 As the room quieted，Jack returned to his seat，his heart lighter，knowing that he had made a great impression on his teachers and classmates by overcoming inferiority． 當房間安靜下來時，杰克回到座位上，他的心情變得輕松起來，因為他知道自己克服了自卑，給老師和同學留下了深刻的印象。
訣竅六： 因戰勝困難而成長 With the difficulties overcome，I stood taller，my eyes fixed firmly on the future，knowing that I was now equipped with the courage and skills to achieve anything I desired． 困難被克服后，我站得更直了，目光堅定地注視著未來，因為我知道自己已經具備了實現任何愿望的勇氣和技能。
訣竅七： 因不放棄而成長 Despite feeling exhausted，Tom refused to give up．His head held high and his chest thrust forward，he pressed on towards the finish line． 盡管湯姆感到疲憊不堪，湯姆還是拒絕放棄。他昂起頭，挺胸向前，奮力沖向終點線。
　語料運用
①我一直沉迷于閱讀精彩的海底冒險故事，夢想著成為一名深海探險家。
I have been throwing myself into reading awesome undersea adventure stories，__________________________________________．
②一旦主人公們遇到困難，他們既不會退縮，也不會盡快逃命。(倒裝句)
Once the main characters came across difficulties，neither would they retreat ________________________________________________________．
③相反，他們盡了最大的努力去探索神秘的深海。
Instead，they _______________________________ the mysterious deep sea．
④他們絕不會放棄探索神秘的深海。除非遇到生命危險，否則他們是不會撤退的。
In no way would they ___________________________________________．Unless they were at the risk of losing their lives，they wouldn't retreat．
⑤從這些故事中，我知道通往成功的道路永遠不會平坦。它充滿了挑戰和困難。
From the stories，_________________ never is the journey to success smooth．_______________________________________________．
⑥我們應該勇敢地面對它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會實現我們的抱負。
We ought to be courageous enough to face them．As long as we don't quit and _______________________________________，we will definitely achieve our ambitions．
⑦我相信，有了堅定的決心，我可以成為一名深海探險家。
I believe that ___________________________ I can become a deep-sea explorer．
選擇性必修第四冊　Unit 5
單元詞句 語境背記
核心詞匯
1．intrigue　2．bury　3．ruin　4．dismiss　5．retreat　6．shrink　7．furthermore　8．upwards　9．substance
閱讀詞匯
1．pyramid　2．canal　3．tropical　4．downfall　5．getaway　6．subdue　7．探索，探究　8．失事的船；沉船　9．考古學的；考古的　10．珊瑚　11．毫米　12．等同的；等值的；相當的　13．(使)整齊地堆起；摞起　14．(書的)卷，冊
拓展詞匯
1．civilise；civilised　2．astronaut　3．abandoned　4．expand　5．investigate　6．note　7．drill
高頻短語
1．(因無人照料而)衰落，敗落　2．逃跑，逃走　3．把……應用于……　4．調查，檢查　5．試水，試探　6．避開……；從……處脫身　7．動身踏上(漫長的)旅途　8．積極投入到……中去　9．think twice　10．shrink from　11．look into　12．correspond to/with　13．offer a window into　14．beyond the reach of
語境串記
1．buried　2．which/that　3．discovery　4．immediately　5．how/ why　6．mysterious　7．continued　8．it　9．twice　10．delving
考點歸納 精準講練
1．①burying　②Buried　③themselves
[完美寫作]①with his head buried in his arms　②his head buried in his arms
2．①in　②ruining　③into
[完美寫作]ruined our city/brought our city to ruin
3．①abandoned　②with　③carrying　④Abandoning
[完美寫作]①abandoned herself to despair　②was abandoned to despair
4．①out　②up　③aside
[完美寫作]was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans
5．①came　②are　③is　④stood
[完美寫作]Then came the moment David crossed the finish line
基礎鞏固 達標訓練
Ⅰ．1．to find　2．ruins　3．with　4．lies　5．investigations　
6．expansion　7．abandoned；abandoned　8．themselves　
9．running　10．are；are buried
Ⅱ．1．(1)B　(2)C　(3)A
2．(1)B　(2)C　(3)D　(4)A
3．A　4．B　5．C
Ⅲ．1．①After all the books he was interested in had been borrowed　②With all the books he was interested in borrowed　③All the books he was interested in borrowed　2．that we might have got lost in such darkness　3．left the stove burning in the kitchen　4．At the front door stood Jane's husband
主題引領 寫作提能
應用文寫作
Step 1
①the different opinions on the reasons　②caused them to ruin
③made the land become the ocean　④with abandon　⑤are buried in the ground
Step 2
⑥Among all the different opinions on the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs are three relatively reliable ones．　⑦With time going by，the bodies of dinosaurs are buried in the ground and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet．
Step 3
【參考范文】
Hello，everyone！I feel greatly honored to introduce how dinosaurs became extinct．
Among all the different opinions on the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs are three relatively reliable ones．Firstly，the sudden change of the earth's climate caused them to ruin and dinosaurs were frozen to death due to the severe cold．Secondly，according to what some archaeologists set down，the continental drift made the land become the ocean，but dinosaurs couldn't swim．Thirdly，new species，dinosaurs' natural enemies，emerged and ate dinosaur eggs with abandon，making it impossible for dinosaurs to reproduce their babies．With time going by，the bodies of dinosaurs are buried in the ground and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet．
That's all．Thank you for your listening．
讀后續寫
Step 2
①dreaming of becoming a deep-sea explorer　②nor would they run for their lives as soon as possible　③tried their best to look into　④abandon exploring the mysterious deep sea　⑤I am aware that；It is filled with challenges and difficulties　⑥spare no effort to get over hardships　⑦with strong determination
1 / 14(共94張PPT)
第一部分　
教材知識講練
選擇性必修第四冊
Unit 5　Into the unknown
單元主題 導圖串記
單元詞句 語境背記
核心詞匯
1．__________ v．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興
趣，引起……的好奇心
2．______ v．將……埋在下面
3．______ n．殘垣斷壁，廢墟
4．_________ v．拒絕考慮，否定
5．_________ v．后退；離開；退避
6．________ v．退縮，畏縮
intrigue
bury
ruin
dismiss
retreat
shrink
核心詞匯
7．_____________ adv．此外；而且；不僅如此
8．_________ adv．向上，朝上
9．___________ n．物質
furthermore
upwards
substance
閱讀 詞匯
1．_________ n．金字塔
2．_______ n．運河
3．__________ adj．來自熱帶的；產于熱帶的
4．__________ n．衰敗
5．_________ n．逃跑，逃走
6．________ v．克制，抑制(情緒)
pyramid
canal
tropical
downfall
getaway
subdue
閱讀 詞匯
7．delve v．____________
8．shipwreck n．________________
9．archaeological adj．__________________
10．coral n．______
11．millimetre n．______
12．equivalent adj．________________________
13．stack v．________________________
14．vol(＝volume) n．________________
探索，探究
失事的船；沉船
考古學的；考古的
珊瑚
毫米
等同的；等值的；相當的
(使)整齊地堆起；摞起
(書的)卷，冊
拓展詞匯
1．civilisation n．文明(社會)→__________ v．使文明；使有教養→___________ adj．文明的
2．astronomy n．天文學→___________ n．宇航員
3．abandon v．離棄，逃離→___________ adj．被拋棄的；廢棄的
4．expansion n．擴大；增加→________ v．擴大；增加
5．investigation n．調查→_____________ v．調查；研究
civilise
civilised
astronaut
abandoned
expand
investigate
拓展詞匯
6．notable adj．顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→______ v．注意；特別提到
7．drilling n．鉆探；勘探→_______ v．鉆孔；打眼；操練
note
drill
高頻短語
1．fall into ruin ____________________________
2．make a getaway ____________
3．apply...to... __________________
4．check out ____________
5．test the waters ____________
6．steer clear of ________________________
7．set out ________________________
8．throw oneself into ______________________
(因無人照料而)衰落，敗落
逃跑，逃走
把……應用于……
調查，檢查
試水，試探
避開……；從……處脫身
動身踏上(漫長的)旅途
積極投入到……中去
高頻短語
9．_____________ 再三考慮，慎重考慮
10．_____________ 避免做，不愿做
11．___________ 調查(問題)
12．____________________ 與……相符/一致
13．_____________________ 提供了解……的一個
窗口/渠道
14．_____________________ 超出……的能力范圍
think twice
shrink from
look into
correspond to/with
offer a window into
beyond the reach of
句型公式
1．It contained more than 800 characters，with some signs representing animals，people and objects and others representing syllables．(with復合結構)
它包含800多個字符，一些符號代表動物、人和物體，另一些符號代表音節。
句型公式
2．The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious．(that引導同位語從句)
瑪雅社會的科技水平十分原始，這一事實使得它的種種成就更加令人難以置信、神秘莫測。
3．Meanwhile，the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past，present and future．(leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語)
同時，瑪雅文明的崛起與衰落必定也讓我們思考我們自己的過去、現在與將來。
句型公式
4．Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks．(完全倒裝)
全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬艘沉船殘骸。
5．Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some of which are completely new to us．(“代詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句)
此外，海洋是珍貴的自然資源，其中一些對我們來說完全是新的資源。
While diving in the deep waters of a trench，some divers happened to find a whole city 1．________ (bury) beneath the waves as well as a shipwreck 2．____________ was full of corals．This 3．___________ (discover) intrigued some archaeologists．They 4．_____________ (immediate) threw themselves into studying the history of the city and 5．__________ it fell into ruin．In the middle of the investigation，they suddenly found some 6．____________ (mystery) creatures swimming around them．They subdued their fear and 7．___________
buried
which/that
discovery
immediately
how/ why
mysterious
continued
(continue) their investigation．But with the expansion of the number of these strange creatures，they realized a notable problem—8．____ was not safe to continue staying in the water．After thinking 9．_______ (two)，they decided to stop 10．_________ (delve) deeper and abandon the city as well as the ship，retreat and make a getaway．After all，life is the most important．
it
twice
delving
考點歸納 精準講練
1．bury v．將……埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；隱藏
①Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and _________ (bury) her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily．
②________(bury)in the newspaper，she didn't notice a thief steal her purse．
③They buried ____________ (them) in their studies，in the belief that they would serve the country with their knowledge．
burying
Buried
themselves
完美寫作　讀后續寫之心理描寫
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms．
①David still refused to look at me，___________________________．
(with復合結構)
②David still refused to look at me，__________________________．
(獨立主格結構)
with his head buried in his arms
his head buried in his arms
◎bury oneself in埋頭于；專心于
◎be buried in專心于；被埋在……
◎bury one's face in one's hands 雙手掩面
◎I am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lots of knowledge．
我每天專心讀英文報并獲得了許多知識。
2．ruin n．殘垣斷壁，廢墟；毀壞；破產 v．毀壞；使破產
①(人教版必修第一冊Unit 4)Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt．In less than one minute，a large city lay ____ ruins．
②It rained for one week on end，completely _________ (ruin) our holidays．
③Because of the fire，all the people left and the whole village has fallen ______ ruin．
in
ruining
into
完美寫作　讀后續寫之情感描寫
突如其來的地震把我們的城市毀了。看到我們的城市變成廢墟，我們雙手掩面，痛哭起來。
The unexpected earthquake __________________________________．
Seeing our city in ruins，we buried our faces in our hands，bursting into tears．
ruined our city/brought our city to ruin
◎lie/be in ruins 成為廢墟
◎be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
◎fall into ruin 衰落，敗落
◎ruin one's health/fame 毀壞某人的健康/聲譽
◎You can't change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future．
你改變不了過去，但如果你憂慮未來，將會毀了現在。
3．abandon v．離棄，逃離；拋棄；放棄；中止；陷入，沉湎于(某種感情) n．放縱；放任
①(2022·全國乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ______________ (abandon)．
②We sang，danced，and laughed ______ abandon，forgetting the troubles in our lives．
abandoned
with
③They abandoned __________ (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money．
④____________ (abandon) himself to the music，he closed his eyes and let the rhythm and melody wash over him．
完美寫作　讀后續寫之情感描寫
聽到申請被拒絕，她大哭起來，陷入絕望。
①Hearing that the application has been rejected，she burst into tears and ______________________________．
②Hearing that the application has been rejected，she burst into tears and __________________________．
carrying
Abandoning
abandoned herself to despair
was abandoned to despair
◎abandon oneself to陷入；沉溺于
◎abandon doing...放棄做……
◎with abandon盡情地，放縱地
◎be abandoned to沉湎于……
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)I still remembered my friends' promise so I went past the abandoned milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window．
我仍然記得朋友們的承諾，于是我走過那座廢棄的擠奶房，看看他們是否修好了破窗戶。
4．set out動身踏上(漫長的)旅途；出發
①(北師大版必修第一冊Unit 1)I'm a “go-getter” — when I set _____ to do something，I do my best to achieve it．
②(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden system．It can be set ____ for a family．
③Our school appeals to the students to set _______ at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to improve learning efficiency．
out
up
aside
完美寫作　應用文寫作之倡議書
2009年，聯合國正式將6月8日命名為世界海洋日。建立世界海洋日的目的是提高人們保護海洋的意識。
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day，which ___________________________________________________．
was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans
◎set aside 留出；把……放置一旁；不考慮；撤銷
◎set off 出發；引發；使爆炸
◎set up 建立；安裝好；安排
◎set down 寫下；記下
◎set about doing sth．著手做某事
◎set out to do sth．著手做某事
◎The moment we arrived at the farm，we set about picking/set out to pick apples joyfully．
我們一到農場，就開始高興地摘蘋果。
5．[教材原句]Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks．(完全倒裝)
全球水域下沉睡著約三百萬艘沉船殘骸。
①When I was looking at the door，in ______ (come) a girl，wearing a white skirt．
②Among the collections _____ (be) some delicate Chinese vases，which appeal to visitors from all over the world．
came
are
③Such ____ (be) my uncle，a warm-hearted and generous person，who is always ready to help others in trouble．
④They arrived at an old church，in front of which _______ (stand) a big crowd of people．
is
stood
完美寫作　讀后續寫之場面描寫
當大衛沖過終點線時，人群中響起了雷鳴般的掌聲和歡呼聲。
The moment David crossed the finish line came then；thunderous applause and cheers rose from the crowd．
→______________________________________________；thunderous applause and cheers rose from the crowd．(倒裝句)
Then came the moment David crossed the finish line
該句為完全倒裝。其他常用情況還有：
◎作表語的分詞短語、形容詞提到系動詞前面時；
◎表示方位、地點和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時；
◎表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞時；
◎代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時。
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)In the spiderwebs was a hummingbird，struggling to escape and I freed it with great care．蜘蛛網上有一只蜂鳥，掙扎著逃跑，我小心翼翼地把它救了出來。
基礎鞏固 達標訓練
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．The next morning he hired a boat and set out _________ (find) the well-known painter．
2．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to _______ (ruin)，the city takes on a new look now．
3．She still corresponds ______ friends she met in France nine years ago．
to find
ruins
with
4．At the foot of the mountain ______ (lie) a village，where people still live a peaceful life．
5．First，we should make some ________________ (investigate)，turn to our teachers for help and consult some experts．
6．All of these activities contributed to a great age of ___________ (expand) as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods，knowledge and ideas．
7．The people there ___________ the city．Then the ___________ city gradually fell into ruin．(abandon)
lies
investigations
expansion
abandoned
abandoned
8．Nowadays more and more young people throw ____________ (they) into voluntary work．
9．Don't leave the water _________ (run) while you brush your teeth．
10．Lying on the floor _____ (be) two boys who ____________ (bury) in comic books．
themselves
running
are
are buried
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．check out
A．調查；了解……的情況　B．檢查　C．結賬離開
(1)The engineer checked out all the machines before they were put to use． ___
(2)According to regulations of this hotel，guests should check out of their rooms by noon． ___
(3)(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights？ ___
B
C
A
2．dismiss
A．消除，去除　B．解雇，免職　C．解散　D．拒絕考慮
(1)He has been dismissed from his job for incompetence． ___
(2)The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting． ___
(3)The suggestion should not be dismissed out of hand． ___
(4)Dismissing her fears，she climbed higher． ___
B
C
D
A
3．My sweater shrank in the wash． ___
A．縮水 B．(使)減少　　C．退縮
4．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？ ___
A．廢墟 　　　
B．破壞
C．使破產，使垮臺
A
B
5．LoveFone，a company that advocates repairing cell phones rather than abandoning them，opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016． ___
A．逃離
B．放縱
C．丟棄
C
Ⅲ．寫作遷移
1．借了所有他感興趣的書后，他離開圖書館回到了宿舍。
①________________________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
②__________________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
③_____________________________________________，he left the library and went back to his dorm．
After all the books he was interested in had been borrowed
With all the books he was interested in borrowed
All the books he was interested in borrowed
2．想到我們可能在這樣的黑暗中迷了路，我感到背上一陣陣發冷。
The thought ______________________________________________ sent shivers down my spine．
3．他的房子著火了，因為他讓廚房爐灶燒著就出去了。
His house caught fire，because he went out but ____________________ ___________________．
4．Jane's husband who suffered great anxiety stood at the front door when she was nowhere to be found．
→_________________________________________ who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to be found．
that we might have got lost in such darkness
left the stove burning
in the kitchen
At the front door stood Jane's husband
主題引領 寫作提能
假如你是市博物館的志愿者李華，你向來自美國的交換生介紹恐龍滅絕的原因。對于恐龍滅絕的原因，眾說紛紜，其中有三種說法最為可信，它們是氣候突變、大陸漂移和物種斗爭。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
Step1　寫作微練
①在所有關于恐龍滅絕原因的不同觀點中有三個較可靠的觀點。
Three relatively reliable ones are among all ______________________ _________________ for the extinction of dinosaurs．
②地球氣候的突然變化使它們毀滅，恐龍因嚴寒而被凍死。
The sudden change of the earth's climate _____________________ and dinosaurs were frozen to death due to the severe cold．
the different opinions
on the reasons
caused them to ruin
③根據一些考古學家的記載，大陸漂移使陸地變成了海洋，但是恐龍不會游泳。
According to what some archaeologists set down，the continental drift ________________________________，but dinosaurs couldn't swim．
④新物種——恐龍的天敵——出現了，它們肆無忌憚地吃恐龍蛋，使恐龍無法繁殖后代。
New species，dinosaurs' natural enemies，emerged and ate dinosaur eggs ______________，making it impossible for dinosaurs to reproduce their babies．
made the land become the ocean
with abandon
⑤隨著時間的流逝，恐龍的尸體被埋在地下，成為化石，因而人類可以研究它們是如何產生和從地球上消失的。
As time goes by，the bodies of dinosaurs _________________________ and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet．
are buried in the ground
Step2　句式升級
⑥用倒裝句改寫句①
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦用with復合結構改寫句⑤
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Among all the different opinions on the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs are three relatively reliable ones.
With time going by，the bodies of dinosaurs are buried in the ground and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet.
Step3　妙筆成篇
【參考范文】
Hello，everyone！I feel greatly honored to introduce how dinosaurs became extinct．
Among all the different opinions on the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs are three relatively reliable ones．Firstly，the sudden change of the earth's climate caused them to ruin and dinosaurs were frozen to death due to the severe cold．Secondly，according to what some archaeologists set down，the continental drift made the land become the ocean，but dinosaurs couldn't swim．Thirdly，new species，
dinosaurs' natural enemies，emerged and ate dinosaur eggs with abandon，making it impossible for dinosaurs to reproduce their babies．With time going by，the bodies of dinosaurs are buried in the ground and become fossils so that human beings can study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet．
That's all．Thank you for your listening．
教材語料 亮詞 abandon；subdue；retreat；shrink；pyramid；canal；megadrought；ruin；the unknown；uncharted；coral；trench；vessel
美句 1．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing．
2．In these waters，more than 200 metres deep，where light cannot reach，are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction．
Step 1　語料積累
拓展語料 寫好成長類的讀后續寫通常有三個步驟：第一步，成長前的苦惱(負面情緒塑造)；第二步，成長過程(蛻變塑造)；第三步，成長后的升華(喜悅＋感激＋升華)。這類主題的升華訣竅如下：
訣竅一： 因學習知識而成長 As the old saying goes，it's never too late to learn．Each individual has access to more challenges and makes great progress through great efforts．
正如那句老話所說，活到老，學到老。每個人都有機會遇到更多的挑戰，通過努力取得巨大的進步。
拓展語料 訣竅二： 因不懈努力而成長 It was at that moment that I realized that everything was possible if I put my heart into it and made efforts constantly．
就在那一刻，我意識到，如果我全心投入并不斷努力，一切皆有可能。
訣竅三： 因追求夢想而成長 Only if we are brave enough to pursue our dreams can we realize what we are looking forward to．
只有勇敢地去追求我們的夢想，我們才能實現我們所期待的。
拓展語料 訣竅四： 因克服恐懼而成長 So thrilled was I that I could hardly contain my tears，knowing that I had conquered my inner fear and given a memorable performance．
我激動得幾乎控制不住我的眼淚，因為我知道我已經克服了內心的恐懼，做了一場難忘的表演。
訣竅五： 因克服自卑而成長 As the room quieted，Jack returned to his seat，his heart lighter，knowing that he had made a great impression on his teachers and classmates by overcoming inferiority．
當房間安靜下來時，杰克回到座位上，他的心情變得輕松起來，因為他知道自己克服了自卑，給老師和同學留下了深刻的印象。
拓展語料 訣竅六： 因戰勝困難而成長 With the difficulties overcome，I stood taller，my eyes fixed firmly on the future，knowing that I was now equipped with the courage and skills to achieve anything I desired．
困難被克服后，我站得更直了，目光堅定地注視著未來，因為我知道自己已經具備了實現任何愿望的勇氣和技能。
訣竅七： 因不放棄而成長 Despite feeling exhausted，Tom refused to give up．His head held high and his chest thrust forward，he pressed on towards the finish line．
盡管湯姆感到疲憊不堪，湯姆還是拒絕放棄。他昂起頭，挺胸向前，奮力沖向終點線。
Step2　語料運用
①我一直沉迷于閱讀精彩的海底冒險故事，夢想著成為一名深海探險家。
I have been throwing myself into reading awesome undersea adventure stories，__________________________________________．
②一旦主人公們遇到困難，他們既不會退縮，也不會盡快逃命。(倒裝句)
Once the main characters came across difficulties，neither would they retreat ___________________________________________________．
dreaming of becoming a deep-sea explorer
nor would they run for their lives as soon as possible
③相反，他們盡了最大的努力去探索神秘的深海。
Instead，they _____________________________ the mysterious deep sea．
④他們絕不會放棄探索神秘的深海。除非遇到生命危險，否則他們是不會撤退的。
In no way would they _______________________________________．
Unless they were at the risk of losing their lives，they wouldn't retreat．
tried their best to look into
abandon exploring the mysterious deep sea
⑤從這些故事中，我知道通往成功的道路永遠不會平坦。它充滿了挑戰和困難。
From the stories，_________________ never is the journey to success smooth．_______________________________________________．
⑥我們應該勇敢地面對它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會實現我們的抱負。
We ought to be courageous enough to face them．As long as we don't quit and _______________________________________，we will definitely achieve our ambitions．
I am aware that
It is filled with challenges and difficulties
spare no effort to get over hardships
⑦我相信，有了堅定的決心，我可以成為一名深海探險家。
I believe that ___________________________ I can become a deep-sea explorer．
with strong determination
課時數智作業(四十一)
Ⅰ．閱讀理解
A 篇(限時7分鐘)
(2024·湖北襄陽一模)
As a mushroom scientist，you are vastly outnumbered，with estimates suggesting that there are between 2.2 million and 3.8 million species of fungi (真菌)，the majority of which are yet to be identified．However，professionals in the field are not alone in their
efforts to uncover new species．An enthusiastic community of amateurs has emerged，bridging the gap between professionals and non-professionals．These amateurs have even made significant discoveries．One such amateur is Taylor Lockwood，a 74-year-old mushroom enthusiast and professional photographer．
In 1984，while living on the Mendocino coast of California，Taylor Lockwood developed a fascination with mushrooms．“Outside my cottage were these amazing mushrooms，” he says．“And it was as if these mushrooms looked at me and said，‘Taylor，go out and tell the world how pretty we are．’” Lockwood answered their call and purchased camera equipment to capture their true nature．His passion for photographing mushrooms was so intense that he would even dig holes next to the mushrooms to get the perfect angle for his shots．
In the Monongahela National Forest，Taylor Lockwood discovered an unusual mushroom that looked like tiny fingers wearing off-white gloves．Upon deeper investigation，fungi researcher Amy Rossman confirmed that it was a “hazel glove” mushroom，which is a rare find．“Mushrooms are not like plants，” Rossman says．“They don't come up at the same time every year，and so sometimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits．” Rossman says that's why it's so valuable to have people like Taylor Lockwood searching through the forest with a trained eye．
A few years ago，Taylor Lockwood realized that still photos weren't sufficient，so he chose to create time-lapse (延時拍攝的) videos of mushrooms．“When I do time-lapse，I see so much life happening around the mushrooms—insects，worms and other small creatures interacting with them，” he says．Lockwood's love for art is evident in his approach to filming mushrooms over time．Although he appreciates the scientific aspect of his work，he identifies himself as an artist at heart．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Taylor Lockwood，一名蘑菇愛好者和攝影師，在真菌學領域作出了重大貢獻。
1．What can we learn about mushroom amateurs from paragraph 1？
(　　)
A．They keep close track of the growth of fungi．
B．They help identify new species of mushrooms．
C．They replace professional scientists in the field．
D．They classify the majority of mushroom species．
√
B　[細節理解題。根據文章第一段中“...However，professionals in the field are not alone in their efforts to uncover new species．An enthusiastic community of amateurs has emerged，bridging the gap between professionals and non-professionals．These amateurs have even made significant discoveries．”可知，蘑菇愛好者們在探索新真菌品種方面有重大發現，故選B。]
2．What inspired Lockwood to photograph mushrooms？(　　)
A．His desire for knowledge．
B．His curiosity about nature．
C．The beauty of nearby mushrooms．
D．The appeal of outdoor photography．
√
C　[細節理解題。根據文章第二段可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美讓Taylor決定用相機去拍攝它們，故選C。]
3．Which of the following best describes Lockwood according to paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Skilled and observant．
B．Focused and flexible．
C．Talented and optimistic．
D．Organized and responsible．
√
A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第三段第一句可知，Taylor在森林里發現了稀有的蘑菇品種，再結合第三段中“‘They don't come up at the same time every year，and so sometimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits．’Rossman says that's why it's so valuable to have people like Taylor Lockwood searching through the forest with a trained eye．”可知，Taylor是一個有經驗且善于觀察的人，故選A。]
4．Why did Lockwood decide to make time-lapse videos of mushrooms？
(　　)
A．To improve his photography techniques．
B．To capture dynamic life in an artistic way．
C．To collect biological data for deeper research．
D．To use a new approach to scientific studies．
B　[推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時視頻是為了以藝術的方式捕捉動態生活，故選B。]
√
B 篇(限時7分鐘)
(2025·廣東汕頭模擬)
Watching the behaviour and body language of zoo animals could be the key to understanding and improving their welfare，new research suggests． Traditionally，zoos have focused on more straightforward measures．
The new review，by the University of Exeter and the University of Winchester，says zoos have made great improvements in recent years，but closer observation of animal behaviour—a method called Qualitative Behavioural Assessment，developed in farming—could show even more about their state of mind．
An animal's positioning of its body，facial movements and activity levels are among the things that might tell whether it is excited，calm，interested，nervous，relaxed，etc．
“Zookeepers are knowledgeable about their animals，and they will often recognise an animal's state of mind by its behaviour and body language，” said Dr． Paul Rose，of the University of Exeter．
“What we are suggesting is a more scientific method of this，carried out over time．”
“Certain behaviours will show certain moods (情緒) in an animal，and we should build our knowledge of this for different animals that live in zoos． For example，lions have a lot of facial expressions，and research on these expressions could help zoos understand the animals' state of mind． This information could then be used to improve welfare by changing diets，feeding times or any number of other aspects of the way animals are kept．”
Dr． Rose carries out much of his research at WWT Slimbridge Wetland Centre，and is now examining how the swans (天鵝) there might show their state of mind through their behavioural expression．
“We're looking at how much time they spend exploring their habitat，which could show what they're feeling，” he said． “When they're unsure，they appear to move less and be more careful，and draw their feathers (羽毛) close to their bodies．”
The study suggests research opportunities for Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and practices that could be used by zoos． “Animal welfare in zoos has improved greatly in the last 10 or 20 years，and this method gives zoos another way to recognise and improve the welfare of animals，” Dr． Rose said．
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一項新的研究，這項研究表明，觀察動物園動物的行為和肢體語言可能是了解和改善它們福利的關鍵。
5．How to improve zoo animals' welfare？(　　)
A．More focus on animals' eating and sleep．
B．Closer observation of zoo animals' behaviours．
C．More attention to zoo animals' state of mind．
D．Adoption of more straightforward measures．
√
B　[細節理解題。根據第一段中“Watching the behaviour and body language of zoo animals could be the key to understanding and improving their welfare，new research suggests．”可知，改善動物園動物福利的關鍵是仔細觀察動物的行為和肢體語言。再結合第二段可知，對動物行為更密切地觀察可以更多地了解它們的心理狀態，從而提高它們的福利。故選B。]
6．What is the function of lions as an example？(　　)
A．To show body language vary from animal to animal．
B．To show the significance of animal body language．
C．To show lions are rich in their facial expressions．
D．To show lions are treated well in zoos．
√
B　[推理判斷題。根據第六段中“Certain behaviours will show certain moods in an animal，and we should build our knowledge of this for different animals that live in zoos． For example，lions have a lot of facial expressions，and research on these expressions could help zoos understand the animals' state of mind．”可知，將獅子作為例子，是為了展示對動物肢體語言的研究可以幫助動物園了解動物的心理活動，說明動物肢體語言的重要意義。故選B。]
7．What does Dr． Rose's research of swans suggest？(　　)
A．They usually explore their habitat．
B．They always draw their feathers close to their bodies．
C．They move little in fearful situations．
D．They spend little time in their habitat．
√
C　[推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“When they're unsure，they appear to move less and be more careful，and draw their feathers close to their bodies．”可知，天鵝會在感覺不確定時行動更少更小心，即天鵝會在害怕的情況下很少行動。故選C。]
8．What can we know from the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Animal welfare in zoos is decreasing．
B．Qualitative Behavioural Assessment is meaningful．
C．Farm animals enjoy greater welfare than zoo animals．
D．Zoos do a good job in recognising animal body language．
√
B　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段“The study suggests research opportunities for Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and practices that could be used by zoos． ‘Animal welfare in zoos has improved greatly in the last 10 or 20 years，and this method gives zoos another way to recognise and improve the welfare of animals，’ Dr． Rose said．”可知，定性行為評估有助于改善動物園動物的福利，為動物園提供了另一種認識和改善動物福利的方法，即定性行為評估是有意義的。故選B。]
Ⅱ．應用文寫作(限時13分鐘)
(2025·湖南長沙模擬)
假定你是李華，近日參加了學校的創意手工作品展，外籍筆友David對你的作品很感興趣。請用英語給他寫封郵件，介紹你的作品及感受。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear David，
Delighted to know you are interested in the exhibition of creative handmade works held in our school last week，I am writing to share it with you．
All works were made by us students，which were created from waste and used materials．I made a shopping bag from a pair of worn-out jeans，spending a lot of time designing，decorating and perfecting it．My work received lots of likes．
I find it enjoyable and meaningful to make handmade works from recyclable things．And I've developed my innovative ability as well．
Yours，
Li Hua
謝 謝！課時數智作業(四十一)
選擇性必修第四冊　Unit 5　Into the unknown
Ⅰ．閱讀理解
A 篇(限時7分鐘)
(2024·湖北襄陽一模)
As a mushroom scientist，you are vastly outnumbered，with estimates suggesting that there are between 2.2 million and 3.8 million species of fungi (真菌)，the majority of which are yet to be identified．However，professionals in the field are not alone in their efforts to uncover new species．An enthusiastic community of amateurs has emerged，bridging the gap between professionals and non-professionals．These amateurs have even made significant discoveries．One such amateur is Taylor Lockwood，a 74-year-old mushroom enthusiast and professional photographer．
In 1984，while living on the Mendocino coast of California，Taylor Lockwood developed a fascination with mushrooms．“Outside my cottage were these amazing mushrooms，” he says．“And it was as if these mushrooms looked at me and said，‘Taylor，go out and tell the world how pretty we are．’” Lockwood answered their call and purchased camera equipment to capture their true nature．His passion for photographing mushrooms was so intense that he would even dig holes next to the mushrooms to get the perfect angle for his shots．
In the Monongahela National Forest，Taylor Lockwood discovered an unusual mushroom that looked like tiny fingers wearing off-white gloves．Upon deeper investigation，fungi researcher Amy Rossman confirmed that it was a “hazel glove” mushroom，which is a rare find．“Mushrooms are not like plants，” Rossman says．“They don't come up at the same time every year，and so sometimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits．” Rossman says that's why it's so valuable to have people like Taylor Lockwood searching through the forest with a trained eye．
A few years ago，Taylor Lockwood realized that still photos weren't sufficient，so he chose to create time-lapse (延時拍攝的) videos of mushrooms．“When I do time-lapse，I see so much life happening around the mushrooms—insects，worms and other small creatures interacting with them，” he says．Lockwood's love for art is evident in his approach to filming mushrooms over time．Although he appreciates the scientific aspect of his work，he identifies himself as an artist at heart．
1．What can we learn about mushroom amateurs from paragraph 1？(　　)
A．They keep close track of the growth of fungi．
B．They help identify new species of mushrooms．
C．They replace professional scientists in the field．
D．They classify the majority of mushroom species．
2．What inspired Lockwood to photograph mushrooms？(　　)
A．His desire for knowledge．
B．His curiosity about nature．
C．The beauty of nearby mushrooms．
D．The appeal of outdoor photography．
3．Which of the following best describes Lockwood according to paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Skilled and observant．
B．Focused and flexible．
C．Talented and optimistic．
D．Organized and responsible．
4．Why did Lockwood decide to make time-lapse videos of mushrooms？(　　)
A．To improve his photography techniques．
B．To capture dynamic life in an artistic way．
C．To collect biological data for deeper research．
D．To use a new approach to scientific studies．
B 篇(限時7分鐘)
(2025·廣東汕頭模擬)
Watching the behaviour and body language of zoo animals could be the key to understanding and improving their welfare，new research suggests． Traditionally，zoos have focused on more straightforward measures．
The new review，by the University of Exeter and the University of Winchester，says zoos have made great improvements in recent years，but closer observation of animal behaviour—a method called Qualitative Behavioural Assessment，developed in farming—could show even more about their state of mind．
An animal's positioning of its body，facial movements and activity levels are among the things that might tell whether it is excited，calm，interested，nervous，relaxed，etc．
“Zookeepers are knowledgeable about their animals，and they will often recognise an animal's state of mind by its behaviour and body language，” said Dr． Paul Rose，of the University of Exeter．
“What we are suggesting is a more scientific method of this，carried out over time．”
“Certain behaviours will show certain moods (情緒) in an animal，and we should build our knowledge of this for different animals that live in zoos． For example，lions have a lot of facial expressions，and research on these expressions could help zoos understand the animals' state of mind． This information could then be used to improve welfare by changing diets，feeding times or any number of other aspects of the way animals are kept．”
Dr． Rose carries out much of his research at WWT Slimbridge Wetland Centre，and is now examining how the swans (天鵝) there might show their state of mind through their behavioural expression．
“We're looking at how much time they spend exploring their habitat，which could show what they're feeling，” he said． “When they're unsure，they appear to move less and be more careful，and draw their feathers (羽毛) close to their bodies．”
The study suggests research opportunities for Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and practices that could be used by zoos． “Animal welfare in zoos has improved greatly in the last 10 or 20 years，and this method gives zoos another way to recognise and improve the welfare of animals，” Dr． Rose said．
5．How to improve zoo animals' welfare？(　　)
A．More focus on animals' eating and sleep．
B．Closer observation of zoo animals' behaviours．
C．More attention to zoo animals' state of mind．
D．Adoption of more straightforward measures．
6．What is the function of lions as an example？(　　)
A．To show body language vary from animal to animal．
B．To show the significance of animal body language．
C．To show lions are rich in their facial expressions．
D．To show lions are treated well in zoos．
7．What does Dr． Rose's research of swans suggest？(　　)
A．They usually explore their habitat．
B．They always draw their feathers close to their bodies．
C．They move little in fearful situations．
D．They spend little time in their habitat．
8．What can we know from the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Animal welfare in zoos is decreasing．
B．Qualitative Behavioural Assessment is meaningful．
C．Farm animals enjoy greater welfare than zoo animals．
D．Zoos do a good job in recognising animal body language．
Ⅱ．應用文寫作(限時13分鐘)
(2025·湖南長沙模擬)
假定你是李華，近日參加了學校的創意手工作品展，外籍筆友David對你的作品很感興趣。請用英語給他寫封郵件，介紹你的作品及感受。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
課時數智作業(四十一)
Ⅰ．【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Taylor Lockwood，一名蘑菇愛好者和攝影師，在真菌學領域作出了重大貢獻。
1．B　[細節理解題。根據文章第一段中“...However，professionals in the field are not alone in their efforts to uncover new species．An enthusiastic community of amateurs has emerged，bridging the gap between professionals and non-professionals．These amateurs have even made significant discoveries．”可知，蘑菇愛好者們在探索新真菌品種方面有重大發現，故選B。]
2．C　[細節理解題。根據文章第二段可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美讓Taylor決定用相機去拍攝它們，故選C。]
3．A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第三段第一句可知，Taylor在森林里發現了稀有的蘑菇品種，再結合第三段中“‘They don't come up at the same time every year，and so sometimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits．’Rossman says that's why it's so valuable to have people like Taylor Lockwood searching through the forest with a trained eye．”可知，Taylor是一個有經驗且善于觀察的人，故選A。]
4．B　[推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時視頻是為了以藝術的方式捕捉動態生活，故選B。]
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一項新的研究，這項研究表明，觀察動物園動物的行為和肢體語言可能是了解和改善它們福利的關鍵。
5．B　[細節理解題。根據第一段中“Watching the behaviour and body language of zoo animals could be the key to understanding and improving their welfare，new research suggests．”可知，改善動物園動物福利的關鍵是仔細觀察動物的行為和肢體語言。再結合第二段可知，對動物行為更密切地觀察可以更多地了解它們的心理狀態，從而提高它們的福利。故選B。]
6．B　[推理判斷題。根據第六段中“Certain behaviours will show certain moods in an animal，and we should build our knowledge of this for different animals that live in zoos． For example，lions have a lot of facial expressions，and research on these expressions could help zoos understand the animals' state of mind．”可知，將獅子作為例子，是為了展示對動物肢體語言的研究可以幫助動物園了解動物的心理活動，說明動物肢體語言的重要意義。故選B。]
7．C　[推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“When they're unsure，they appear to move less and be more careful，and draw their feathers close to their bodies．”可知，天鵝會在感覺不確定時行動更少更小心，即天鵝會在害怕的情況下很少行動。故選C。]
8．B　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段“The study suggests research opportunities for Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and practices that could be used by zoos． ‘Animal welfare in zoos has improved greatly in the last 10 or 20 years，and this method gives zoos another way to recognise and improve the welfare of animals，’ Dr． Rose said．”可知，定性行為評估有助于改善動物園動物的福利，為動物園提供了另一種認識和改善動物福利的方法，即定性行為評估是有意義的。故選B。]
Ⅱ．【參考范文】
　Dear David，　
Delighted to know you are interested in the exhibition of creative handmade works held in our school last week，I am writing to share it with you．
All works were made by us students，which were created from waste and used materials．I made a shopping bag from a pair of worn-out jeans，spending a lot of time designing，decorating and perfecting it．My work received lots of likes．
I find it enjoyable and meaningful to make handmade works from recyclable things．And I've developed my innovative ability as well．
　Yours，　
　Li Hua　
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