資源簡介

|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．tornado n．　　　　　 龍卷風；旋風
2．drought n. 旱災；久旱
3．landslide n. (山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑動
5．tsunami n. 海嘯
6．magnitude n. 震級；重大
7．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出
vi. 撤離
8．helicopter n. 直升機
9．crack n. 裂紋；裂縫
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
10．brick n. 磚；磚塊
11．metal n. 金屬
12．unify vi.& vt. 統一；(使)成一體
13．context n. 上下文；語境；背景
14．volcano n. 火山
15．typhoon n. 臺風
16．hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)颶風
17．emergency n. 突發事件；緊急情況
18．aid n. 援助；幫助；救援物資
vi.& vt. 幫助；援助
19．kit n. 成套工具；成套設備
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．disaster n. 災難；災害
2．flood n. 洪水；大量
vi. 淹沒；大量涌入
vt. 使灌滿水；淹沒
3．rescue n．& vt. 營救；救援
4．damage vt. 損害；破壞
n. 損壞；損失
5．destroy vt. 摧毀；毀滅
6．shelter n. 避難處；居所；庇護
vt. 保護；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(風雨或危險)
7．ruin n．& vt. 破壞；毀壞
8．percent n. 百分之……
adj.& adv. 每一百中
9．trap vt. 使落入險境；使陷入圈套
n. 險境；陷阱
10．bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
11．effort n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
12．supply n. 供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品
vt. 供應；供給
13．tap vi.& vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍
n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
14．pipe n. 管子；管道
15．whistle vi. 吹口哨；發出笛聲
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲
16．calm adj. 鎮靜的；沉著的
vt. 使平靜；使鎮靜
17．crash vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞擊
n. 撞車；碰撞
18．sweep vt.& vi. (swept，swept) 打掃；清掃
19．wave n. 海浪；波浪
vi.& vt. 揮手；招手
20．strike vi.& vt. 侵襲；突擊；擊打
n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．die　　　　vi.　　　 死；死亡
death n. 死；死亡
dead adj. 死的
deadly adj. 致命的
2．affect vt. 影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動
affection n. 感情；喜愛
3．shock n. 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚
shocking adj. 令人震驚的
shocked adj. 震驚的
4．electric adj. 用電的；電動的
electricity n. 電；電能
electrical adj. 與電有關的
5．breath n. 呼吸
breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸
6．revive vt.& vi. 復活；(使)蘇醒
revival n. 振興；復蘇
7．wise adj. 充滿智慧的；明智的；英明的
wisdom n. 智慧；才智
8．suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.受苦
suffering n. 折磨；苦難；痛苦
9．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆發；(巖漿、煙等)噴出
eruption n. 噴發；(戰爭、怒氣等的)爆發
10．survive vi. 生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過
survival n. 幸存
survivor n. 幸存者
11．power n. 電力供應；能量；力量；控制力
powerful adj. 有權勢的；強有力的
powerless adj. 無權的；無能為力的
12．deliver vt.& vi. 遞送；傳達vt.發表
delivery n. 傳送；遞送；演講方式
13．summary n. 總結；概括；概要
summarize v. 總結；概述
14．effect n. 影響；結果；效果
effective adj. 有效的
effectively adv. 有效地
15．long adj. 長的
length n. 長；長度
lengthen v. (使)變長
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．相互“幫助”
①aid v．& n．　　　　 援助；幫助
②help v．& n. 幫助
③assist v. 幫助；協助
④favour n. 幫忙
⑤support v．& n. 支持；幫助
2．多記名詞后綴 th
①length 長；長度
②strength 體力；力量；長處
③depth 深度；最深處；深厚
④truth 事實；真相；真理
⑤growth 成長；生長；增長
⑥warmth 溫暖；暖和；熱情
|背|短|語|
1．as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in ruins 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
3．in shock 震驚；吃驚
4．come to an end 結束；終結
5．dig out 挖掘出；發現
6．on hand 現有(尤指幫助)
7．nothing but 僅僅；只有
8．sweep away 消滅；徹底消除
9．cut across　　　　　　 　 抄近路穿過
10．get back up on one's feet 重新振作起來
11．in the open air 露天；在戶外
12．carry out 執行；實施；貫徹；完成
13．out of gratitude 出于感激
14．fall down 跌倒；倒塌
15．in all directions 朝四面八方
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引導表語從句或方式狀語從句)
仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
2．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. (be doing ...when ...正在做……這時……)
當時我和三個孩子正在吃早飯，海水開始灌入屋內。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：災害救助
1．A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, leaving badly damaged buildings.一場劇烈的地震幾乎摧毀了一切，留下了嚴重受損的建筑物。
2．Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe.
救援工人和士兵們正日夜工作，以確保人們安全。
3．Rescue teams are providing food and water, and shelters have been set up by the government.
救援隊正提供食物和水，政府已設立避難所。
4．Governments, organisations and individuals went all out to fight against the terrible disaster and supplied the disaster stricken areas with donations of money and materials.
政府、組織以及個人都全力以赴與這場可怕的災難做斗爭，并向受災地區捐款、捐物。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：形體描寫之“眼”
He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
他點點頭，咬緊嘴唇，眼淚奪眶而出。我緊緊地抱住他，輕輕地拍拍他的后背，“我相信你，你不會被別人看不起的。反而你跑步時大家都會為你鼓勁！”大衛瞬間受到激勵，同意繼續跑。看到他堅毅的眼神，我擦去他臉上的淚珠，保證陪他一直到比賽的結束。
高分悟道 本段中使用了“tears welling up in his eyes(獨立主格結構), Seeing the determination in his eyes(分詞作狀語)”等與眼有關的動作，描寫出人物由傷心到堅定的心理狀態的變化，形象地展現了大衛不服輸的堅強性格。
高分有招 常見的與“眼”相關的高分詞塊有： stare/gaze at　　　　　　　凝視 glare at 怒視 glance/glimpse at 瞥一眼 one's eyes narrow 瞇起眼睛 fix/focus one's eyes on 集中注意力于 catch/lose sight of 看見/看不見 keep an eye on 照看 meet one's eyes 接觸某人的目光
本部分內容見《課前默寫本》P625
一、變形詞匯——練清易錯微點
1．The 　　　　　 (electric) went out during the storm.
2．She 　(breath) a sigh of relief when she found her key.
3．His 　 (wise) was evident in his thoughtful decisions.
4．After the surgery, the patient experienced some 　　　　(suffer)．
5．They felt 　　　　　 (power) to stop the spread of the rumor.
6．The 　　　　　 (deliver) of the pizza was surprisingly fast.
7．To 　　　　　 (summary), the experiment was a success.
8．Walking can help 　　　　　 (length) your lifespan.
9．Many people were injured and 3 people 　　　　　 (death) in the accident.,易錯微點
1．breath為名詞，breathe為動詞，僅一字母只差，詞性卻不同。breathe a sigh of relief意為“松了口氣”。
2．suffer用作及物動詞時，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, loss, damage等名詞作賓語。suffering 為名詞，意為“疼痛；苦難；痛苦”。
3．summarize 為動詞，意為“總結”；詞綴 ize使名詞轉化為動詞，如：apologize 道歉，realize 實現；意識到。
二、重點詞匯——練后拓展歸納
1．affect vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動
①The once vibrant forest was affected 　　　　　 a strange disease, turning its leaves brown and lifeless.
②Many young people were affected by his story. They began to do voluntary work for the disabled.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.(用分詞短語作狀語合并句子)
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Furthermore, random grouping could result in language skill gaps within the groups, which could 　　　　　　　　 of practicing oral skills.此外，隨機分組可能會導致小組內的語言技能差距，這可能影響口語技能練習的效果。
(1)be affected by　 受……的影響；被……感動
be affected with 感染……疾病
(2)affection n. 喜愛；感情
have affection for 喜愛；鐘愛
(3)effect n. 影響；效果
have an effect on 對……產生影響
2．ruin n．& vt.廢墟；破壞；毀壞
①After the storm passed, the village lay 　　　　　　　 ruins, with shattered roofs and uprooted trees everywhere.
②The news of their hometown being reduced to 　　　　　(ruin) spread across social media, filling everyone with sorrow.
③(話題寫作之健康生活)Regularly consuming junk food can　　　　　　　　　　 over time.
經常食用垃圾食品可能會逐漸損害一個人的健康。
(1)lie/be in ruins　　 成為廢墟
be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
(2)ruin oneself 毀掉自己；自取滅亡
ruin one's health/fame/image/future 毀掉某人的健康/聲譽/形象/前途
3.shock n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚
①(語段練習)It was 　　　 great shock to me, a high school student, when I failed my math test. I was shocked 　　　　 (realize) how much I had overlooked in my studies.
②(心理描寫)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I was at a loss what to say.
意想不到的客人和禮物讓我大吃一驚，我不知所措該說什么。
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)I simply 　　　　　　　　　　， and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit.
我只是震驚地站在那里，腳好像扎根在地上一樣，一動也不能動。
(1)a great shock to sb. 對某人來說是極大的震驚
in shock 震驚；吃驚
(2)shocking adj. 令人震驚的
(3)shocked adj. 震驚的；驚訝的
be shocked at/by ... 對……吃驚
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃驚
4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏
①(動作、情緒描寫)Jennifer sat on the floor，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， and her body trembled as she softly began to cry.
詹妮弗坐在地板上，雙手掩面，身體顫抖著，輕聲地開始哭泣。
②(一句多譯)我每天專心于讀英文報并獲得了豐富的知識。
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 reading the English newspapers every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→　　　　　　　　　 reading the English newspapers every day, I have gained abundant knowledge.(分詞短語作狀語)
埋頭于；專心于
(2)bury one's face in one's hands 雙手掩面
名師指津：be buried in＝bury oneself in意為“埋頭于；專心于”，在句中作狀語，含有反身代詞時動詞bury用現在分詞形式，反之用過去分詞形式。
5．effort n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
①(語段練習)When it comes to study, we all know that 　　　　 effort, difficult problems will become easy, but 　　　　　 effort, even simple equations (方程式) can be challenging. So we need to spare no effort 　　　　 (learn) knowledge well.
②(演講稿)Whatever I do in the future, I'll 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
無論我將來做什么，我都會努力實現我的目標。
　
spare no effort to do sth. 不遺余力做某事
(2)with effort　　 努力地
without effort 毫不費力地；容易地
6．supply n．供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品vt.供應；供給
①(語段練習)In our school, time seems to be 　　　　　 short supply, especially before exams. However, we have 　　　　 good supply of books and resources in the library, which helps us study effectively.
②(一句多譯)此外，夏令營還為會員提供了一個參觀一些博物館的機會。
→In addition, the camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a chance to visit some museums.
→Besides, the camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 members to visit some museums.
(1)in short supply　　　 短缺
have a good supply of ... 備有許多……
為某人提供某物
聯想發散：表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：
①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for/to sb.
②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
7．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過
①After the storm, they had to survive 　　　　　 limited food and water.
②Despite the grief of losing her lifelong companion, Mary managed to survive her husband 　　　　　 10 years, cherishing the memory of their love.
③(主旨升華句)Life isn't about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　； it's about learning to dance in the rain.
生活不在于如何從暴風雨中幸存，而在于學會在雨中翩翩起舞。
④(話題寫作之災害救助)After the hurricane swept through the town, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在颶風席卷這個小鎮后，許多人努力存活下來。
(1)survive from ... 從……存活下來
survive on ... 依靠……生存下來
survive ...by ... 比……多活了……
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]殘存物
名師指津：survive 表示“幸存；幸免于難”時，是及物動詞，因而不要加多余的介詞in, from等。
8．strike vi.& vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊
①　　　　　 (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire it.
②The realization that I forgot my homework struck panic 　　　　　 my heart.
③(人物描寫) 　　　　　　　　　　 Sarah's kindness was something special and that she always spent time helping others with a smile.
我突然想到，薩拉的善良真的很特別，她總是帶著微笑花時間幫助別人。
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)　　　　　　　　　　 was how different it felt to draw outside rather than in a classroom.
讓我印象最深刻的是，在戶外畫畫和在教室里畫畫感覺完全不同。
(1)be struck by　 被……打動/迷住
strike ...into one's heart 使……刻骨銘心
It struck sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
(2)be on strike 在罷工
go on strike 舉行罷工
(3)striking adj. 引人注目的；突出的
聯想發散：表示“某人突然想起……”的常用結構還有：It hit sb. that ...和It occurred to sb. that ...。
9．effect n．影響；結果；效果
①(語段練習)The school's new method for providing extra tutoring will 　　　　　 (effect) help students grasp complex subjects better. This comes 　　　　　 effect from next semester, ensuring more focused learning.
②As is known to all, since the policy 　　　　　　　　， the pollution has been greatly reduced.
眾所周知，自從實行這項政策以來，污染大大減少了。
③(環境描寫) It struck me that the beauty and peace of nature　　　　　　　　　 my well being, bringing a sense of peace and refreshment.
我突然想到大自然的美麗和寧靜對我的健康產生了深遠的影響，給我帶來了平靜和煥發活力的感覺。
(1)come into/take effect 生效；見效
have an effect on/upon 對……產生影響
bring/carry/put ...into effect 實施；使……生效/起作用
side effect　　 副作用
in effect 實際上；事實上
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影響的；實際的
effectively adv. 有效地；實際上
三、重點短語——練后查找疏漏
come to an end結束；終結
①As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make 　　　　　 (end) meet.
②It's hoped that the project may 　　　　　　 school bullying in the area.人們希望這個項目可以結束該地區的校園欺凌。
③We must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， not giving it up halfway.我們必須將這個實驗進行到底，不要中途放棄。
④(主旨升華句)After years of hard work and dedication, our journey 　　　　　　　　　　　　， but it is just the beginning of a new chapter in our lives.經過多年的努力和奉獻，我們的旅程已經結束，但這只是我們生活中新篇章的開始。
bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth.to an end　結束/終止某事
carry ...through to the end 將……進行到底
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入為出
by the end of 到……為止
in the end 最后；終于
四、一詞多義——語境中辨詞義(對應右欄詞義填代碼)
1.①The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their homes.　　　 ②Without the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood.　　　 ③The field flooded after the heavy rain.　　　 ④They could suddenly afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country.　　　 ⑤I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front.　　　 ⑥The heavy rainfall flooded the city streets, making it difficult for cars to pass.　　　 1.flood A．n.洪水 B．n.大量 (熟詞生義) C．vi.淹沒 D．vi.大量涌入(熟詞生義) E．vt 使灌滿水 F．vt.淹沒
2.①The story about the dog's loyalty affected all who heard it.　　　 ②The cold weather affected our plans to go swimming.　　　 ③Many people were affected by the flu this winter.　　　 2.affect A．vt.影響 B．vt.(疾病)侵襲 C．vt.深深打動(熟詞生義)
3.①His hand was so cold and he was unconscious. I feared he was going into shock.　　　 ②The scene in the movie shocked many viewers.　　　 ③The news of the accident left us all in shock.　　　 ④It was a shock to discover the corruption within the company.　　　 3.shock A．n.震驚 B．n.令人震驚的事 C．n.休克 D．vt.(使)震驚
4.①Here's one possibility: The word “marriage” means different things in different contexts.　　　 ②In this course we hope to look at literature in the frame of its social and historical context.　　　 ③You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.　　　 4.context A．n.上下文 B．n.語境 C．n.背景
5.①He gave a wave before getting on the bus.　　　 ②When he saw his friend in the crowd, he waved to get his attention.　　　 ③The waves at the beach were huge, perfect for surfing.　　　 ④She waved goodbye to her friends as she left school.　　　 5.wave A．n.海浪；波浪 B．n.揮手 C．vi.& vt.揮手 D．vi.& vt.招手(熟詞生義)
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
(2024·浙江1月高考·閱讀理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龍卷風) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.,
[真題評價]
1．What does the project aim to do？(　　)
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
2．Who are opposed to the project？(　　)
A．Farmers in east central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999？(　　)
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph？( 　)
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud seeding companies will continue to exist.
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，采用了“問題—解決”型的語篇模式。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列黑體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.　　　　　　　
②(熟詞生義)But farmers in east central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.　　　　　　　
③(熟詞生義)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.　　　　　　　
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①ice crystals　　　　　　　
②the provincial government 　　　　　　　
③opposite effect 　　　　　　　
④lack of scientific proof 　　　　　　　
⑤win a lawsuit against 　　　　　　　
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
抓標志：從屬連詞　　　　　
判類型：主句＋目的狀語＋時間狀語從句
試翻譯：飛機在有威脅的風暴中心中播撒一種化學物質，使小冰晶還沒來得及變成危險的冰雹就像雨一樣落下。
2．But farmers in east central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
抓標志：從屬連詞　　　　　
判類型：主句＋賓語從句
試翻譯：但是，在艾伯塔省中東部的農民們擔心，“防雹計劃”飛行的下風處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干旱的土地上偷走。
由教材典句，學高級表達
句式1　as if引導表語從句或方式狀語從句
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)as if相當于as though，意為“似乎，好像”，用在seem, look等系動詞之后引導表語從句。as if/though還可引導方式狀語從句。
(2)如果所引導的從句表示的是真實的或極有可能發生的情況時，從句要用陳述語氣。
(3)當說話人所陳述的是不真實的或極少可能發生或存在的情況時，從句用虛擬語氣。
①當從句表示與現在事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞一般用were)；
②當從句表示與過去事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用過去完成時(had＋過去分詞)；
③當從句表示與將來事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用would/could/might＋動詞原形。
(4)as if/though引導的從句中的主語和主句主語一致，且含有be動詞時，從句中的主語和be動詞常可以省略。
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there 　　　　　 (be) an emergency.
②When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it 　　　　　 (be) broken.
③The old man was lying on the ground as if he was badly hurt.
→The old man was lying on the ground as if 　　　　　　　　.(狀語從句的省略)
|應|用|寫|美|
④(場景描寫)一靠近房子的時候，我注意到爸爸媽媽站在那輛舊卡車旁邊，看起來很悲傷。 好像發生了什么不愉快的事情。
Upon approaching the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad. It seemed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤(神情描寫)杰克什么也沒說，但老師對他笑了笑，好像他做了一件非常聰明的事。
Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him 　　　　　 very clever.
句式2 be doing sth. when ...“正在做某事，這時……”
|解|讀|規|則|
句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時(突然)”，還用于以下句型：
(1)be about to do ...when ...正要做……這時……
(2)be on the point of doing ...when ...
正要做……這時……
(3)had (just/hardly) done ...when ...
剛做完……這時……
(hardly位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝)
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①She was walking along the bank of the river, and just at that time she heard a cry for help.
→She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she heard a cry for help.
②I had hardly got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.
→Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and packed my necessities into it.
|應|用|寫|美|
③(動作描寫)她正要把花送給李先生，突然摔倒在地。
　
　
④(場景描寫)我剛剛從著火的房子里逃出來，這時房子塌了。
　
　建構語義場，豐富語料庫
子語境(一)　自然災害
1．in the open air　　　　 露天；在戶外
2．in ruins 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
3．in shock 震驚；吃驚
4．sweep away 消滅；徹底消除
5．bring about 引起；導致
6．The whole city was in shock, and the air was filled with dust and screams of those trapped and those who couldn't find their loved ones.
整個城市陷入了震驚，空氣中彌漫著塵土和被困者的尖叫聲，以及那些找不到親人的人的呼喊聲。
7．The hurricane brought strong winds and heavy rain, causing flooding and power shutdowns.
颶風帶來了強風和暴雨，導致洪水泛濫和停電。
子語境(二)　災難救助
1．be filled with充滿　　2.respond quickly迅速反應
3．rescue groups救援隊 4.medical supplies醫療用品
5．With every breath filled with dust, they began their efforts to rescue those trapped.呼吸中還帶有灰塵，他們就開始努力營救那些被困的人。
6．Some built temporary shelters in the open air, using whatever materials they could find.
有些人在露天地方用他們能找到的任何材料搭建臨時避難所。
子語境(三)　災后重建
1．be affected by　　　　　　 受……影響
2．be faced with 面對
3．show great strength 展現巨大的力量
4．take on a new look 呈現新面貌
5．The survivors were determined to rebuild their lives.
幸存者們決心重建他們的生活。
6．They united together, transforming their grief into a driving force to survive and rebuild.
他們團結在一起，將他們的悲痛轉化為生存和重建的驅動力。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(黑體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Deep feelings during disaster
①　　　　　　　　　　(當災難來臨時), the true essence of humanity is revealed.
Drought, landslides, and floods can ②　　　　　　　　 (造成嚴重破壞), trapping survivors under ruins as if a giant had crushed their homes with bricks. ③　　　　　　　　　(震驚中), communities come together, ④　　　　　　　 (救援那些被埋的人), who struggle to breathe. ⑤　　　　　　　　 (將智慧與行動統一起來作出的努力) become evident as people suffer together. ⑥　　　　　　　　 (物資和援助) are rushed to shelters, where ⑦　　　 (團結的力量) shines brightly. Survivors share stories with weary faces but ⑧　　　　　　　 (充滿感激) for the hands that pulled them from the ruins.
In these moments, the destruction pales compared to the spirit of rescue and mutual care.
(二)主題語段的細節描寫訓練
災后重建(表達邏輯：團結→展望)
After the disaster, ①　　　　　　　　　 (各行各業的人們) worked together to rebuild the city. Engineers ②　　　　　　　 (設計新建筑); construction workers ③　　　　　　　　　　　 (清理廢墟) and built structures. Teachers educated children in temporary schools, while ④ 　　　　　　　　　　 (醫生治療受傷者). Volunteers cooked meals and ⑤　　　　　　　 (分發物資). Everyone played a role, showing determination and teamwork. In the future, the city will rise again, ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (更加堅實和持久), with everyone's hard work and dedication.
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
[課堂學案·過詞匯關]
一、變形詞匯
1.electricity　2.breathed　3.wisdom　4.suffering　5.powerless
6.delivery　7.summarize　8.lengthen　9.died
二、重點詞匯
1.①with　②Affected by his story　③affect the effectiveness
2.①in　②ruins　③ruin one’s health
3.①a; to realize　②Shocked at the unexpected guest and gift
③stood there in shock
4.①burying her face in her hands　
②bury myself/am buried in; Burying myself/Buried in
5.①with; without; to learn　
②make an effort/efforts/every effort to achieve my goals
6.①in; a　②supplies members with; supplies a chance to
7.①on　②by　③how to survive the storm　④it was a struggle for many people to survive/many people struggled to survive
8.①Struck　②into　③It struck me that
④What struck me most
9.①effectively; into　②was put/brought/carried into effect
③have a profound effect on/upon
三、重點短語
①ends　②bring/put an end to
③carry the experiment through to the end　④has come to an end
四、一詞多義
1.①F　②A　③C　④B　⑤D　⑥E　2.①C　②A　③B
3.①C②D③A④B4.①B②C③A5.①B②D③A④C
[遷移應用·過閱讀關]
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大的防雹干預計劃之爭。選文提醒我們既要認識自然災害,有災害防范意識,又要辯證思考面對災害的最佳解決方式,提高應對災害的能力。
1.B　2.A　3.C　4.D
[語篇精讀]
二、1.①v.播撒　②adj.干旱的　③v.發表演講
2.①冰晶　②省政府　③相反的效果　④缺乏科學證據　
⑤贏得對……的訴訟
三、1.before　2.that
[發展提升·過表達關]
由教材典句,學高級表達
[句式1]　①is　②were　③badly hurt　④as if something unpleasant happened　⑤as if he had done something
[句式2]　①was walking along the bank of the river when　②had I got home when I took out my suitcase　③She was about to present Mr Li with the flowers when she fell to the ground.　④I had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground.
主題微寫作,勤練筆不輟
(一)①When disaster strikes　②cause serious damage　③In shock
④rescuing those buried　⑤Efforts to unify wisdom and action
⑥Supplies and aid　⑦the power of unity
⑧filled with gratitude
(二)①people from all walks of life　②designed new buildings
③cleared ruins　④doctors treated the injured
⑤distributed supplies　⑥stronger and more enduring
22 / 22(共180張PPT)
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
目錄
CONTENTS
遷移應用—過閱讀關
03.
發展提升—過表達關
04.
自主學習—過識記關
01.
課堂學案—過詞匯關
02.
課下雙測—過高考關
05.
1
自主學習—過識記關
|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．tornado n．　　　　　 龍卷風；旋風
2．drought n. 旱災；久旱
3．landslide n. (山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑動
5．tsunami n. 海嘯
6．magnitude n. 震級；重大
7．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出
vi. 撤離
8．helicopter n. 直升機
9．crack n. 裂紋；裂縫
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
10．brick n. 磚；磚塊
11．metal n. 金屬
12．unify vi.& vt. 統一；(使)成一體
13．context n. 上下文；語境；背景
14．volcano n. 火山
15．typhoon n. 臺風
16．hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)颶風
17．emergency n. 突發事件；緊急情況
18．aid n. 援助；幫助；救援物資
vi.& vt. 幫助；援助
19．kit n. 成套工具；成套設備
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．disaster n. 災難；災害
2．flood n. 洪水；大量
vi. 淹沒；大量涌入
vt. 使灌滿水；淹沒
3．rescue n．& vt. 營救；救援
4．damage vt. 損害；破壞
n. 損壞；損失
5．destroy vt. 摧毀；毀滅
6．shelter n. 避難處；居所；庇護
vt. 保護；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(風雨或危險)
7．ruin n．& vt. 破壞；毀壞
8．percent n. 百分之……
adj.& adv. 每一百中
9．trap vt. 使落入險境；使陷入圈套
n. 險境；陷阱
10．bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
11．effort n. 努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
12．supply n. 供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品
vt. 供應；供給
13．tap vi.& vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍
n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
14．pipe n. 管子；管道
15．whistle vi. 吹口哨；發出笛聲
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲
16．calm adj. 鎮靜的；沉著的
vt. 使平靜；使鎮靜
17．crash vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞擊
n. 撞車；碰撞
18．sweep vt.& vi. (swept，swept) 打掃；清掃
19．wave n. 海浪；波浪
vi.& vt. 揮手；招手
20．strike vi.& vt. 侵襲；突擊；擊打
n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．die vi.　　　 死；死亡
death n. 死；死亡
dead adj. 死的
deadly adj. 致命的
2．affect vt. 影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動
affection n. 感情；喜愛
3．shock n． 震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚
shocking adj. 令人震驚的
shocked adj. 震驚的
4．electric adj. 用電的；電動的
electricity n. 電；電能
electrical adj. 與電有關的
5．breath n. 呼吸
breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸
6．revive vt.& vi. 復活；(使)蘇醒
revival n. 振興；復蘇
7．wise adj. 充滿智慧的；明智的；英明的
wisdom n. 智慧；才智
8．suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.受苦
suffering n. 折磨；苦難；痛苦
9．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆發；(巖漿、煙等)噴出
eruption n. 噴發；(戰爭、怒氣等的)爆發
10．survive vi. 生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過
survival n. 幸存
survivor n. 幸存者
11．power n. 電力供應；能量；力量；控制力
powerful adj. 有權勢的；強有力的
powerless adj. 無權的；無能為力的
12．deliver vt.& vi. 遞送；傳達vt.發表
delivery n. 傳送；遞送；演講方式
13．summary n. 總結；概括；概要
summarize v. 總結；概述
14．effect n. 影響；結果；效果
effective adj. 有效的
effectively adv. 有效地
15．long adj. 長的
length n. 長；長度
lengthen v. (使)變長
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．相互“幫助”　
①aid v．& n．　　　　 援助；幫助
②help v．& n. 幫助
③assist v. 幫助；協助
④favour n. 幫忙
⑤support v．& n. 支持；幫助
2．多記名詞后綴-th　
①length 長；長度
②strength 體力；力量；長處
③depth 深度；最深處；深厚
④truth 事實；真相；真理
⑤growth 成長；生長；增長
⑥warmth 溫暖；暖和；熱情
|背|短|語|
1．as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in ruins 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
3．in shock 震驚；吃驚
4．come to an end 結束；終結
5．dig out 挖掘出；發現
6．on hand 現有(尤指幫助)
7．nothing but 僅僅；只有
8．sweep away 消滅；徹底消除
9．cut across 抄近路穿過
10．get back up on one's feet 　 　 重新振作起來
11．in the open air 露天；在戶外
12．carry out 執行；實施；貫徹；完成
13．out of gratitude 出于感激
14．fall down 跌倒；倒塌
15．in all directions 朝四面八方
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引導表語從句或方式狀語從句)
仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
2．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. (be doing ...when ...正在做……這時……)
當時我和三個孩子正在吃早飯，海水開始灌入屋內。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：災害救助
1．A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, leaving badly damaged buildings.
一場劇烈的地震幾乎摧毀了一切，留下了嚴重受損的建筑物。
2．Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe.
救援工人和士兵們正日夜工作，以確保人們安全。
3．Rescue teams are providing food and water, and shelters have been set up by the government.
救援隊正提供食物和水，政府已設立避難所。
4．Governments, organisations and individuals went all out to fight against the terrible disaster and supplied the disaster-stricken areas with donations of money and materials.
政府、組織以及個人都全力以赴與這場可怕的災難做斗爭，并向受災地區捐款、捐物。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：形體描寫之“眼”
He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
他點點頭，咬緊嘴唇，眼淚奪眶而出。我緊緊地抱住他，輕輕地拍拍他的后背，“我相信你，你不會被別人看不起的。反而你跑步時大家都會為你鼓勁！”大衛瞬間受到激勵，同意繼續跑。看到他堅毅的眼神，我擦去他臉上的淚珠，保證陪他一直到比賽的結束。
高分悟道 本段中使用了“tears welling up in his eyes(獨立主格結構), Seeing the determination in his eyes(分詞作狀語)”等與眼有關的動作，描寫出人物由傷心到堅定的心理狀態的變化，形象地展現了大衛不服輸的堅強性格。
續
表
高分有招 常見的與“眼”相關的高分詞塊有：
stare/gaze at　　　　　　 凝視
glare at 怒視
glance/glimpse at 瞥一眼
one's eyes narrow 瞇起眼睛
fix/focus one's eyes on 集中注意力于
catch/lose sight of 看見/看不見
keep an eye on 照看
meet one's eyes 接觸某人的目光
一、默寫核心單詞
1．face a 　　　　　 面對災難
2．victims of the 洪水受害者
3． workers 救援工人
4．minimize the 把損失減到最小
disaster
flood
rescue
damage
5．a house by fire 被大火摧毀的房子
6．emergency 緊急避難所
7．the of the ancient city 古城的遺跡
8．one hundred 百分之百
9．escape from a 從陷阱中逃脫
10． oneself in work 埋頭于工作
destroyed
shelters
ruins
percent
trap
bury
11．require great 需要巨大努力
12． food to those in need 向有需要的人提供食物
13．the water 水龍頭
14．water 水管
15．blow a 吹哨子
effort
supply
tap
pipes
whistle
16．keep 保持鎮靜
17． into a tree 撞上一棵樹
18． the floor 掃地
19．ride a 沖浪
20．lightning 雷擊
calm
crash
sweep
wave
strikes
二、默寫變形單詞
(依據語境提示在橫線上寫出單詞的正確形式)
affected
affection
shock
shocking
shocked
breath
breathe
wise
wisdom
suffer
suffering
survive
survival
survivors
power
powerful
powerless
effect
effective
effectively
long
length
lengthen
三、默寫重點短語
1． 　　　　　　　　　似乎；好像；仿佛
2． 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
3． 震驚；吃驚
4． 結束；終結
5． 挖掘出；發現
as if
in ruins
in shock
come to an end
dig out
6． 現有(尤指幫助)
7． 僅僅；只有
8． 消滅；徹底消除
9． 抄近路穿過
10． 重新振作起來
on hand
nothing but
sweep away
cut across
get back up on one's feet
11． 露天；在戶外
12． 執行；實施；貫徹；完成
13． 出于感激
14． 跌倒；倒塌
15． 朝四面八方
in the open air
carry out
out of gratitude
fall down
in all directions
四、默寫經典句式(完成句子)
1．It seemed !
仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
2．I water started filling my home.
當時我和三個孩子正在吃早飯，海水開始灌入屋內。
as if the world were coming to an end
was having breakfast with my three children when
2
課堂學案—過詞匯關
一、變形詞匯——練清易錯微點
1．The (electric) went out during the storm.
2．She (breath) a sigh of relief when she found her key.
3．His (wise) was evident in his thoughtful decisions.
4．After the surgery, the patient experienced some (suffer)．
electricity
breathed
wisdom
suffering
5．They felt (power) to stop the spread of the rumor.
6．The (deliver) of the pizza was surprisingly fast.
7．To (summary), the experiment was a success.
8．Walking can help (length) your lifespan.
9．Many people were injured and 3 people (death) in the accident.
powerless
delivery
summarize
lengthen
died
易錯微點
1．breath為名詞，breathe為動詞，僅一字母只差，詞性卻不同。breathe a sigh of relief意為“松了口氣”。
2．suffer用作及物動詞時，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, loss, damage等名詞作賓語。suffering 為名詞，意為“疼痛；苦難；痛苦”。
3．summarize 為動詞，意為“總結”；詞綴-ize使名詞轉化為動詞，如：apologize 道歉，realize 實現；意識到。
二、重點詞匯——練后拓展歸納
1．affect vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動
①The once vibrant forest was affected a strange disease, turning its leaves brown and lifeless.
②Many young people were affected by his story. They began to do voluntary work for the disabled.
→ , many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.(用分詞短語作狀語合并句子)
with
Affected by his story
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Furthermore, random grouping could result in language skill gaps within the groups, which could _________
of practicing oral skills.
此外，隨機分組可能會導致小組內的語言技能差距，這可能影響口語技能練習的效果。
affect the
effectiveness
(1)be affected by　 受……的影響；被……感動
be affected with 感染……疾病
(2)affection n. 喜愛；感情
have affection for 喜愛；鐘愛
(3)effect n. 影響；效果
have an effect on 對……產生影響
2．ruin n．& vt.廢墟；破壞；毀壞
①After the storm passed, the village lay ruins, with shattered roofs and uprooted trees everywhere.
②The news of their hometown being reduced to (ruin) spread across social media, filling everyone with sorrow.
③(話題寫作之健康生活)Regularly consuming junk food can ____
over time.
經常食用垃圾食品可能會逐漸損害一個人的健康。
in
ruins
ruin
one's health
(1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成為廢墟
be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
(2)ruin oneself 毀掉自己；自取滅亡
ruin one's health/fame/image/future
毀掉某人的健康/聲譽/形象/前途
3．shock n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚
①(語段練習)It was great shock to me, a high school student, when I failed my math test. I was shocked (realize) how much I had overlooked in my studies.
②(心理描寫) ，I was at a loss what to say.
意想不到的客人和禮物讓我大吃一驚，我不知所措該說什么。
a
to realize
Shocked at the unexpected guest and gift
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)I simply , and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit.
我只是震驚地站在那里，腳好像扎根在地上一樣，一動也不能動。
stood there in shock
(1)a great shock to sb. 對某人來說是極大的震驚
in shock　　　　　　　 震驚；吃驚
(2)shocking adj. 令人震驚的
(3)shocked adj. 震驚的；驚訝的
be shocked at/by ... 對……吃驚
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃驚
4.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏
①(動作、情緒描寫)Jennifer sat on the floor，________________
, and her body trembled as she softly began to cry.
詹妮弗坐在地板上，雙手掩面，身體顫抖著，輕聲地開始哭泣。
burying her face
in her hands
②(一句多譯)我每天專心于讀英文報并獲得了豐富的知識。
→I reading the English newspapers every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→ reading the English newspapers every day, I have gained abundant knowledge.(分詞短語作狀語)
bury myself/am buried in
Burying myself/Buried in
(2)bury one's face in one's hands　　　 雙手掩面
名師指津：be buried in＝bury oneself in意為“埋頭于；專心于”，在句中作狀語，含有反身代詞時動詞bury用現在分詞形式，反之用過去分詞形式。
5．effort n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
①(語段練習)When it comes to study, we all know that effort, difficult problems will become easy, but effort, even simple equations (方程式) can be challenging. So we need to spare no effort __
(learn) knowledge well.
②(演講稿)Whatever I do in the future, I'll____________________
.
無論我將來做什么，我都會努力實現我的目標。
with
without
to
learn
make an effort/efforts/
every effort to achieve my goals
spare no effort to do sth. 不遺余力做某事
(2)with effort 努力地
without effort 毫不費力地；容易地
6．supply n．供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品vt.供應；供給
①(語段練習)In our school, time seems to be short supply, especially before exams. However, we have good supply of books and resources in the library, which helps us study effectively.
in
a
②(一句多譯)此外，夏令營還為會員提供了一個參觀一些博物館的機會。
→In addition, the camp a chance to visit some museums.
→Besides, the camp members to visit some museums.
supplies members with
supplies a chance to
(1)in short supply　　 短缺
have a good supply of ... 備有許多……
聯想發散：表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：
①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for/to sb.
②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
7．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過
①After the storm, they had to survive limited food and water.
②Despite the grief of losing her lifelong companion, Mary managed to survive her husband 10 years, cherishing the memory of their love.
on
by
③(主旨升華句)Life isn't about ；it's about learning to dance in the rain.
生活不在于如何從暴風雨中幸存，而在于學會在雨中翩翩起舞。
④(話題寫作之災害救助)After the hurricane swept through the town,_______________________________________________________
.
在颶風席卷這個小鎮后，許多人努力存活下來。
how to survive the storm
it was a struggle for many people to survive/many people
struggled to survive
(1)survive from ... 從……存活下來
survive on ... 依靠……生存下來
survive ...by ... 比……多活了……
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]殘存物
名師指津：survive 表示“幸存；幸免于難”時，是及物動詞，因而不要加多余的介詞in, from等。
8．strike vi.& vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊
① (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire it.
②The realization that I forgot my homework struck panic ____my heart.
Struck
into
③(人物描寫) Sarah's kindness was something special and that she always spent time helping others with a smile.
我突然想到，薩拉的善良真的很特別，她總是帶著微笑花時間幫助別人。
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作) was how different it felt to draw outside rather than in a classroom.
讓我印象最深刻的是，在戶外畫畫和在教室里畫畫感覺完全不同。
It struck me that
What struck me most
(1)be struck by　 被……打動/迷住
strike ...into one's heart 使……刻骨銘心
It struck sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
(2)be on strike 在罷工
go on strike 舉行罷工
(3)striking adj. 引人注目的；突出的
聯想發散：表示“某人突然想起……”的常用結構還有：It hit sb. that ...和It occurred to sb. that ...。
9．effect n．影響；結果；效果
①(語段練習)The school's new method for providing extra tutoring will (effect) help students grasp complex subjects better. This comes effect from next semester, ensuring more focused learning.
②As is known to all, since the policy___________________________
, the pollution has been greatly reduced.
眾所周知，自從實行這項政策以來，污染大大減少了。
effectively
into
was put/brought/carried into
effect
③(環境描寫) It struck me that the beauty and peace of nature
my well-being, bringing a sense of peace and refreshment.
我突然想到大自然的美麗和寧靜對我的健康產生了深遠的影響，給我帶來了平靜和煥發活力的感覺。
have a profound effect on/upon
(1)come into/take effect　 生效；見效
have an effect on/upon 對……產生影響
bring/carry/put ...into effect 實施；使……生效/起作用
side effect　　 副作用
in effect 實際上；事實上
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影響的；實際的
effectively adv. 有效地；實際上
三、重點短語——練后查找疏漏
come to an end結束；終結
①As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make (end) meet.
②It's hoped that the project may school bullying in the area.
人們希望這個項目可以結束該地區的校園欺凌。
ends
bring/put an end to
③We must , not giving it up halfway.
我們必須將這個實驗進行到底，不要中途放棄。
④(主旨升華句)After years of hard work and dedication, our journey
, but it is just the beginning of a new chapter in our lives.
經過多年的努力和奉獻，我們的旅程已經結束，但這只是我們生活中新篇章的開始。
carry the experiment through to the end
has come to an end
bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth.to an end　
結束/終止某事
carry ...through to the end 將……進行到底
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入為出
by the end of 到……為止
in the end 最后；終于
四、一詞多義——語境中辨詞義(對應右欄詞義填代碼)
1.①The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their homes. ___ ②Without the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood. ___ ③The field flooded after the heavy rain. ___ ④They could suddenly afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country. ___ ⑤I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front. ___ ⑥The heavy rainfall flooded the city streets, making it difficult for cars to pass. ___ 1.flood
A.n.洪水
B.n.大量
(熟詞生義)
C.vi.淹沒
D.vi.大量涌入
(熟詞生義)
E.vt 使灌滿水
F.vt.淹沒
F
A
C
B
D
E
2.①The story about the dog's loyalty affected all who heard it. ___ ②The cold weather affected our plans to go swimming. ___ ③Many people were affected by the flu this winter. __ 2.affect
A.vt.影響
B.vt.(疾病)侵襲
C.vt.深深打動
(熟詞生義)
C
A
B
3.①His hand was so cold and he was unconscious. I feared he was going into shock. ___ ②The scene in the movie shocked many viewers. ___ ③The news of the accident left us all in shock. ___ ④It was a shock to discover the corruption within the company. ___ 3.shock
A.n.震驚
B.n.令人震驚的事
C.n.休克
D.vt.(使)震驚
C
D
A
B
4.①Here's one possibility: The word “marriage” means different things in different contexts. ___ ②In this course we hope to look at literature in the frame of its social and historical context. ___ ③You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context. ____ 4.context
A.n.上下文
B.n.語境
C.n.背景
B
C
A
5.①He gave a wave before getting on the bus. ___ ②When he saw his friend in the crowd, he waved to get his attention. ___ ③The waves at the beach were huge, perfect for surfing. ___ ④She waved goodbye to her friends as she left school. ___ 5.wave
A.n.海浪；波浪
B.n.揮手
C.vi.& vt.揮手
D.vi.& vt.招手
(熟詞生義)
B
D
A
C
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
3
遷移應用—過閱讀關
(說明：文中加藍詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2024·浙江1月高考·閱讀理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龍卷風) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大的防雹干預計劃之爭。選文提醒我們既要認識自然災害，有災害防范意識，又要辯證思考面對災害的最佳解決方式，提高應對災害的能力。
√
1．What does the project aim to do
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“As a result ...dangerous hailstones.”可知，這個項目的目標是防止冰雹的形成。
√
2．Who are opposed to the project
A．Farmers in east-central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta ...worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔省中東部的農民反對這個項目。
3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可推知，多斯韋爾博士提到他在1999年看到的龍卷風是為了提示人工降雨可能帶來的危險。
√
√
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Due to the lack of scientific proof ...a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.”可推知，人工降雨公司將繼續存在。
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，
采用了“問題—解決”
型的語篇模式。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列藍體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones._______
②(熟詞生義)But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.__________
v.播撒
adj.干旱的
③(熟詞生義)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.___________
v.發表演講
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①ice crystals　　　　　　　 _____
②the provincial government _______
③opposite effect ___________
④lack of scientific proof ______________
⑤win a lawsuit against _________________
冰晶
省政府
相反的效果
缺乏科學證據
贏得對……的訴訟
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
抓標志：從屬連詞_______
判類型：主句＋目的狀語＋時間狀語從句
試翻譯：飛機在有威脅的風暴中心中播撒一種化學物質，使小冰晶還沒來得及變成危險的冰雹就像雨一樣落下。
before
2．But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
抓標志：從屬連詞_____
判類型：主句＋賓語從句
試翻譯：但是，在艾伯塔省中東部的農民們擔心，“防雹計劃”飛行的下風處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干旱的土地上偷走。
that
4
發展提升—過表達關
由教材典句，學高級表達
句式1　as if 引導表語從句或方式狀語從句
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)as if相當于as though，意為“似乎，好像”，用在seem, look等系動詞之后引導表語從句。as if/though還可引導方式狀語從句。
(2)如果所引導的從句表示的是真實的或極有可能發生的情況時，從句要用陳述語氣。
(3)當說話人所陳述的是不真實的或極少可能發生或存在的情況時，從句用虛擬語氣。
①當從句表示與現在事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞一般用were)；
②當從句表示與過去事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用過去完成時(had＋過去分詞)；
③當從句表示與將來事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用would/could/might＋動詞原形。
(4)as if/though引導的從句中的主語和主句主語一致，且含有be動詞時，從句中的主語和be動詞常可以省略。
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there (be) an emergency.
②When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it (be) broken.
③The old man was lying on the ground as if he was badly hurt.
→The old man was lying on the ground as if .(狀語從句的省略)
is
were
badly hurt
|應|用|寫|美|
④(場景描寫)一靠近房子的時候，我注意到爸爸媽媽站在那輛舊卡車旁邊，看起來很悲傷。 好像發生了什么不愉快的事情。
Upon approaching the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad. It seemed_______________________
.
as if something unpleasant
happened
⑤(神情描寫)杰克什么也沒說，但老師對他笑了笑，好像他做了一件非常聰明的事。
Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him_______
very clever.
as if he
had done something
句式2　be doing sth. when ...“正在做某事，這時……”
|解|讀|規|則|
句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時(突然)”，還用于以下句型：
(1)be about to do ...when ... 正要做……這時……
(2)be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……這時……
(3)had (just/hardly) done ...when ... 剛做完……這時……
(hardly位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝)
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①She was walking along the bank of the river, and just at that time she heard a cry for help.
→She she heard a cry for help.
was walking along the bank of the river when
②I had hardly got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.
→Hardly and packed my necessities into it.
had I got home when I took out my suitcase
|應|用|寫|美|
③(動作描寫)她正要把花送給李先生，突然摔倒在地。
She was about to present Mr Li with the flowers when she fell to the ground.
④(場景描寫)我剛剛從著火的房子里逃出來，這時房子塌了。
I had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground.
建構語義場，豐富語料庫
子語境(一)　自然災害
1．in the open air　　　　 露天；在戶外
2．in ruins 嚴重受損；破敗不堪
3．in shock 震驚；吃驚
4．sweep away 消滅；徹底消除
5．bring about 引起；導致
6．The whole city was in shock, and the air was filled with dust and screams of those trapped and those who couldn't find their loved ones.
整個城市陷入了震驚，空氣中彌漫著塵土和被困者的尖叫聲，以及那些找不到親人的人的呼喊聲。
7．The hurricane brought strong winds and heavy rain, causing flooding and power shutdowns.
颶風帶來了強風和暴雨，導致洪水泛濫和停電。
子語境(二)　災難救助
1．be filled with 充滿
2．respond quickly 迅速反應
3．rescue groups 救援隊
4．medical supplies 醫療用品
5．With every breath filled with dust, they began their efforts to rescue those trapped.
呼吸中還帶有灰塵，他們就開始努力營救那些被困的人。
6．Some built temporary shelters in the open air, using whatever materials they could find.
有些人在露天地方用他們能找到的任何材料搭建臨時避難所。
子語境(三)　災后重建
1．be affected by 受……影響
2．be faced with 面對
3．show great strength 展現巨大的力量
4．take on a new look 呈現新面貌
5．The survivors were determined to rebuild their lives.
幸存者們決心重建他們的生活。
6．They united together, transforming their grief into a driving force to survive and rebuild.
他們團結在一起，將他們的悲痛轉化為生存和重建的驅動力。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(藍體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Deep feelings during disaster
① (當災難來臨時), the true essence of humanity is revealed.
Drought, landslides, and floods can ② (造成嚴重破壞), trapping survivors under ruins as if a giant had crushed their homes with bricks. ③ (震驚中), communities come
When disaster strikes
cause serious damage
In shock
together, ④ (救援那些被埋的人), who struggle to breathe. ⑤ (將智慧與行動統一起來作出的努力) become evident as people suffer together.
⑥ (物資和援助) are rushed to shelters, where
⑦ (團結的力量) shines brightly. Survivors share stories with weary faces but ⑧ (充滿感激) for the hands that pulled them from the ruins.
In these moments, the destruction pales compared to the spirit of rescue and mutual care.
rescuing those buried
Efforts to unify wisdom and action
Supplies and aid
the power of unity
filled with gratitude
(二)主題語段的細節描寫訓練
災后重建(表達邏輯：團結→展望)
After the disaster, ① (各行各業的人們) worked together to rebuild the city. Engineers ②_____________
(設計新建筑); construction workers ③ (清理廢墟) and built structures. Teachers educated children in temporary schools, while ④ (醫生治療受傷者).
people from all walks of life
designed new
buildings
cleared ruins
doctors treated the injured
Volunteers cooked meals and ⑤ (分發物資). Everyone played a role, showing determination and teamwork. In the future, the city will rise again, ⑥ (更加堅實和持久), with everyone's hard work and dedication.
distributed supplies
stronger and more enduring
5
課下雙測—過高考關
課時作業(一)　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·河南高三下開學考試)When hurricanes left a path of destruction in Puerto Rico, Pennsylvania College of Technology student Natascha G．Santaella felt a variety of painful emotions.
“I spent around six days stressing and having a very hard time with me having all the luxuries I currently do and my family not having any，” the Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, resident said. Santaella said that her hometown is without power and water, and that people there are scared of what is to come.
To reduce her stress, Santaella, who is studying for an associate degree in baking and pastry arts, immersed (沉浸) herself in what she knows best: baking. “It started out as just baking bread and shipping it to the island to then be dispersed to the people, but I found that was very expensive for me to do alone, so I spoke with Chef Charles Niedermyer, our instructor of baking and pastry arts about a sale of baked goods in the college's Bush Campus Center.”
“Natascha is a bright, energetic young lady with a big heart，” Niedermyer said. “I was not surprised to find her in my office, looking for ways to help the people of Puerto Rico.”
To prepare, Santaella had multiple meetings with Niedermyer, spent hours finalizing recipes, designed signage (標志) and decorations, and got friends to staff the sale table with her. And then there was the baking: Santaella and two friends in the baking and pastry arts major spent six hours baking 90 loaves of bread, 24 dozen dinner rolls and 30 cheesecakes in a variety of flavors.
During the six-hour sale, Santaella and her friends raised more than $1,000 for United for Puerto Rico, an initiative designed to provide aid and support to those affected in Puerto Rico by the passage of Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria.
“I hope to mainly increase awareness of what has happened, and to show people that there are Puerto Rican students at this school，” Santaella said. “I hope that others had the great experience I had with all my teachers and how understanding they were with me.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊，人們的生活無著落時，正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長，來幫助家鄉。
√
1．Why did Santaella feel very stressed
A．Because a big hurricane was approaching.
B．Because she was left without power and water.
C．Because her folks were suffering due to hurricanes.
D．Because she lost all her belongings in the hurricane.
解析：推理判斷題。由第一、二段可知，Santaella得知颶風襲擊了自己的家鄉，家人們損失慘重，不能像自己一樣在大學里衣食無憂，因此她的內心非常著急。故選C。
√
2．What does the underlined word “dispersed” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．Exposed.　　　　　　 B．Connected.
C．Distributed. D．Contributed.
解析：詞義猜測題。由第三段語境可知，Santaella最初認為，只要把面包烘焙好，運送到島嶼上，然后分發給災民就可以了，dispersed意為“分發(Distributed)”。故選C。
√
3．What can we learn from the text
A．Niedermyer responded to Santaella's ideas coldly.
B．Santaella organized the sale at her college all alone.
C．Puerto Rico might be stricken by hurricanes frequently.
D．Pennsylvania College has few students from Puerto Rico.
解析：推理判斷題。由倒數第二段可知，波多黎各的人們已經受颶風Irma和颶風Maria的影響，可推出波多黎各可能經常遭受颶風襲擊。
4．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Hurricane Causes Huge Losses to Puerto Rico
B．Student Puts Skills to Use to Help Her Hometown
C．College Student Shows Baking Skills Through Sales
D．Teacher and Students Work Together in Fund Raising
解析：標題歸納題。得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊，人們的生活無著落時，正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長，來幫助被颶風襲擊的家鄉，B項“學生運用技能幫助家鄉”符合此意。
√
B
(2025·蘭州市高三診斷考試)The oceans play a crucial role in lightening global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, in a study conducted by the University of Texas at Austin, researchers found that the oceans' capacity to absorb carbon dioxide would reach its maximum by 2100 and decrease to half of its current efficiency by 2300, based on a climate simulation (模擬) that was set for a worst-case emissions scenario (設想)．
The decline happens because of a surface layer of low-alkalinity (堿度) water that can hinder the ability of the oceans to absorb CO2. Alkalinity affects how much CO2 can dissolve in seawater. Although the emissions scenario used in the study is unlikely because of global efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions, the findings reveal a previously unknown tipping point that if activated would release an important brake on global warming.
“We need to think about these worst-case scenarios to understand how our CO2 emissions might affect the oceans not just this century, but next century and the following century. Climate simulations had previously shown that the oceans slow their absorption of CO2 over time, but none had considered alkalinity as an explanation. We recalculated pieces of a 450-year simulation until we hit on alkalinity as a key cause of the slowing.” said Megumi Chikamoto, who led the research at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics.
The effect begins with extreme climate change, which slows ocean currents. This leaves the surface of the oceans covered in a warm layer of fresh water that won't mix easily with the cooler, more alkaline water below it. That means more of the greenhouse gas is left in the atmosphere. This in turn produces faster warming, which sustains and strengthens the low-alkalinity surface layer. Co-author, Pedro DiNezio, said that the discovery was a powerful reminder that the world needs to reduce its CO2 emissions to avoid crossing this and other tipping points.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在未來，海洋吸收二氧化碳能力的下降會導致全球變暖。
√
5．What may happen after the year 2300
A．More CO2 will be absorbed by the oceans.
B．The oceans will lose all their current efficiency.
C．The world will face even more severe warming.
D．The oceans will be less crucial to global warming.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“researchers found that the oceans' capacity ... decrease to half of its current efficiency by 2300”可知，到2300年，海洋吸收二氧化碳的效率將降低一半；再由文章首句“The oceans play a crucial role in lightening global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions”可知，海洋通過吸收二氧化碳在減緩全球變暖方面起著至關重要的作用。由此可知，一旦海洋吸收二氧化碳的效率降低，全球變暖問題將更嚴重。故選C。
√
6．What does the underlined word “hinder” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Improve. B．Weaken.
C．Protect. D．Control.
解析：詞義猜測題。分析畫線詞所在句的結構可知，that引導定語從句，先行詞為“a surface layer of low-alkalinity (堿度) water”，再由“The decline happens”可知，海洋表層的低堿度海水應該是能夠削弱海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力。故hinder意為“削弱”，即weaken，故選B。
√
7．What does Megumi Chikamoto say about the oceans
A．Finding why they slow CO2 intake is hard.
B．Their ability to absorb CO2 is at their maximum.
C．They will decide on the future of human beings.
D．They will slow down CO2 absorption very quickly.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Climate simulations had previously shown ... none had considered alkalinity as an explanation”可知，以前的氣候模擬只是表明一直以來海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力在減弱，但是沒有一個考慮到是堿度的原因。由此可知，Megumi Chikamoto談到了查明為什么海洋降低二氧化碳的吸收很困難。故選A。
√
8．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A biology textbook.
B．A government report.
C．Science fiction.
D．An environmental journal.
解析：推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力對氣候變暖的影響，與自然環境緊密相關，故文章有可能來自一本環境期刊。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·廣州模擬)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift. I took a 9 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 10 . Within minutes I was in a whiteout. The windows were 11 and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better 12 the road edge and keep to a straight line. But really, I had no 13 where I was. I stopped and kept the car running to stay 14 . I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.
The call left me in 15 . Breathe, I told myself. An idea occurred to me. I 16 my location online and explained what I was 17 ， wishing for anyone to come to my rescue. Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post. I got a 18 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby. I had never been more 19 .
Then I saw a big 20 in the dark. He had walked about 500 metres to get me, 21 the wind and snow each step of the way. “You'll be OK. Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the 22 . I drove slowly behind him. When we reached his house, I burst into tears of 23 .
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，描述了作者在一場突如其來的暴風雪中迷路并被困在車中，隨后通過社交媒體發出求救信號，最終得到一位陌生人在惡劣天氣中的救援，并被引領至安全之地的經歷。
9．A.shortcut B．turn
C．look D．risk
解析：根據下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”可知，作者冒著風險。
√
10．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
解析：根據下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，雪下得很快。
√
11．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
解析：根據下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此處說的是暴風雪中車窗的狀態，分析選項，C項“frozen”表示的含義符合語境。
√
12．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
解析：根據下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此處說的是沿著路邊。
13．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
解析：根據下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911”可知，作者因暴風雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里。
√
√
14．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
解析：根據上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下來，但為了取暖，仍然保持汽車發動機運轉。
√
15．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
解析：根據上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night”可知，作者報警求救，卻被告知要等一晚上，故作者感到驚慌失措。
√
16．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
解析：根據下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post”可知，作者在網上發了帖子。
17．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
解析：根據下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者解釋的是自己經歷的事情。
√
√
18．A.tip B．comment
C．like D．message
解析：根據下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一條消息。
√
19．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
解析：根據上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人打算幫助作者，使作者感到如釋重負。
√
20．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
解析：根據下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此處指的是一個高大的人影。
√
21．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
解析：根據第二段“Then the snow started and was coming down . Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，幫助作者的人頂著風雪前來。
√
22．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
解析：根據下文“I drove slowly behind him”可知，前來幫助的人知道方向，所以作者開車跟著他。
√
√
23．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
解析：根據上文“But really, I had no where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴風雪中迷路時收到了來自陌生人的幫助，故作者心懷感激。
課時作業(二)　
Ⅰ.閱讀七選五
Earthquakes are a terrible natural disaster that will cause lots of danger and damage. In the last few years, we have seen some of the worst earthquakes in history. 1 However, we do get some signs from animals, including dogs!
Dogs have been known to warn their owners that dangerous weather was coming. We can take the ways our dog reacts in certain situations to give us a hand in predicting when something like an earthquake may be about to happen.
Although the signs of a dog sensing an earthquake aren't very clear, dogs who sense earthquakes will show certain signs before the event actually happens. 2 You know your dog well, so it will not be too challenging to tell when there is something wrong. Some dogs will
begin to run around in circles and pace up and down crazily. It may appear as if something has frightened them or as if they saw something that made them nervous. 3
On the other hand, dogs will instinctively look for shelter when they sense bad weather or they feel like they are in danger. 4 Or if they are outside, they may go into their dog house. It is important to that just because your dog is showing all or some of these signs, it does not mean an earthquake or other natural disaster is about to strike.
5 But take their behaviors seriously and do what you feel is right depending on the situation.
A．Many dogs can tell smelly gas.
B．Your dog may run off or hide under a bed.
C．Using dogs to predict earthquakes is not new.
D．If there is a coming earthquake, your dog will act strangely.
E．They will also often bark for what seems to be no right reason.
F．Earthquakes generally come with no warning and are hard to predict.
G．There may be other reasons dogs may act this way or appear afraid for seemingly no reason.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了狗可以在地震來臨前預測地震，并介紹了狗的一些反常行為。
1．選F　根據后文“然而，我們確實從動物那里得到了一些跡象，包括狗”可知，后文與本句構成轉折，指出狗可以預測地震。故F選項“地震通常沒有預警，很難預測”符合語境。
2．選D 　根據后文列舉了一些地震前狗的反常行為可知，D選項“如果地震即將來臨，你的狗會表現得很奇怪”符合語境。
3．選E　空處位于段末，應承接上文。根據上文“有些狗會開始繞著圈子跑，瘋狂地上躥下跳。看起來好像有什么東西讓它們害怕，或者它們仿佛看到了什么讓它們緊張的東西”可知，本句與上文并列，都是在說明狗的反常行為。故E選項“它們也會經常為一些似乎沒有正確的理由而吠叫”符合語境。
4．選B　根據上文可知，狗會本能地尋找庇護所，本句應是對上文庇護所的舉例說明。故B選項“你的狗可能會跑或藏在床底下”符合語境，且與下文構成并列關系。
5．選G　根據后文“但是認真對待它們的行為，根據情況做你認為正確的事情”并結合上一段說明了狗會尋找庇護所來躲避地震可知，本句是在總結狗可能有其他的原因會躲避或看起來害怕，與后文構成轉折，故G選項符合語境。
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2025·咸陽模擬)Chinese achievements in pollution control, ecological recovery and protection, and green development China 1 (make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing, 2 a senior official pointed out China's 3 (participate) and leadership in global climate governance.
According to the press briefing, China has been the fastest in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent. Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also 4 (effective) tackled. Ecological systems 5 (protect) and restored. National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species saw their wild populations recover, marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity.
The country has taken 6 active part in cooperation on climate change. It has done its 7 (good) to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity 8 (reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change. It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change 9 more than 120 developing countries.
10 (head) forward, China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了近幾年中國在全球氣候變化治理上的成就。
1．has made　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。make作定語從句“China (make) in the past decade”的謂語，根據時間狀語in the past decade可知，用現在完成時；主語是China，故填has made。
2．where　考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是a Friday press briefing，空處在從句中作地點狀語，用where引導。
3．participation　考查名詞。空前是名詞所有格，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，participate的名詞形式是participation。
4．effectively　考查副詞。空處修飾空后的動詞，用副詞修飾。
5．are protected　考查動詞時態和語態。protect作本句謂語，和主語Ecological systems之間是被動關系，用被動語態；此處描述客觀事實，用一般現在時。
6．an　考查冠詞。此處是固定搭配：take an active part in意為“積極參加”。故填an。
7．best　考查形容詞最高級。此處是固定搭配：do one's best意為“竭盡全力”，故填best。
8．to reduce　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞has done，所以reduce用非謂語形式。根據句意，此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語。
9．for　考查介詞。此處是固定搭配train for，意為“為……訓練”。
10．Heading　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞will work，所以head用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語China之間是主動關系，用現在分詞形式；位于句首，首字母應大寫。
Ⅲ.讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
It began as a typical January day. The grey skies were heavy with snow and wind in front of Valleyview School. I was in my first year of teaching and had no idea that this approaching snowstorm would be so severe.
精品課件·名師析題
By mid-day the principal called the school buses back so the three hundred kids could get home safely before it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, excited to go home early. The buses arrived but the storm suddenly worsened before the waiting kids could board and it was quickly clear no one was going anywhere soon. By now the bus drivers and a couple of snowplow (鏟雪車) operators were discussing the situation. There were over three hundred children, staff, bus and snowplow drivers stuck inside the school.
Night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping. We were facing some basic questions. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner Where would they sleep
Earl, our school gatekeeper, began working non-stop to keep the heater running. Concerned about the old pipes freezing, he wrapped them with whatever material he could find. With our electricity lines swaying under the increasing weight of ice and snow in heavy winds, what would we do if we lost power A plan was definitely needed.
Every parent was called to reassure them that their children were safe, and then people who lived close enough to brave the storm were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people had managed to travel through the heavy and blinding snow bringing bags of sandwiches, tinned juices, blankets and a couple of board games. One woman, who lived right on the edge of the school, wrapped herself up and felt through the blinding snow with a huge kettle and enough ingredients to make tomato soup for at least half of the school. There wasn't a lot of food, but everything was shared, no one went hungry, and no one complained.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids.　
　The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.　
參考范文：
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. As the evening came, the school gymnasium was transformed into a temporary dormitory, with rows of mats laid out and blankets spread for the children to sleep on. Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. Despite the challenging circumstances, the children
remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. Meanwhile, the staff worked tirelessly to ensure that everyone was warm and safe throughout the night.
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.The snowplows began to work. Parents and nearby residents arrived with tools in hand, ready to help dig out the buses a path through the snow. The community spirit was truly inspiring, and together we were able to clear a path for the buses to finally leave. As the last bus carrying the last students pulled away, cheers erupted from those who remained behind. It was a challenging experience, but one that brought us all closer together. Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.必修1　UNIT 4　單元雙測·課時作業(一)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·河南高三下開學考試)When hurricanes left a path of destruction in Puerto Rico, Pennsylvania College of Technology student Natascha G.Santaella felt a variety of painful emotions.
“I spent around six days stressing and having a very hard time with me having all the luxuries I currently do and my family not having any,” the Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, resident said. Santaella said that her hometown is without power and water, and that people there are scared of what is to come.
To reduce her stress, Santaella, who is studying for an associate degree in baking and pastry arts, immersed (沉浸) herself in what she knows best: baking. “It started out as just baking bread and shipping it to the island to then be dispersed to the people, but I found that was very expensive for me to do alone, so I spoke with Chef Charles Niedermyer, our instructor of baking and pastry arts about a sale of baked goods in the college’s Bush Campus Center.”
“Natascha is a bright, energetic young lady with a big heart,” Niedermyer said. “I was not surprised to find her in my office, looking for ways to help the people of Puerto Rico.”
To prepare, Santaella had multiple meetings with Niedermyer, spent hours finalizing recipes, designed signage (標志) and decorations, and got friends to staff the sale table with her. And then there was the baking: Santaella and two friends in the baking and pastry arts major spent six hours baking 90 loaves of bread, 24 dozen dinner rolls and 30 cheesecakes in a variety of flavors.
During the six hour sale, Santaella and her friends raised more than 1,000 for United for Puerto Rico, an initiative designed to provide aid and support to those affected in Puerto Rico by the passage of Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria.
“I hope to mainly increase awareness of what has happened, and to show people that there are Puerto Rican students at this school,” Santaella said. “I hope that others had the great experience I had with all my teachers and how understanding they were with me.”
1.Why did Santaella feel very stressed
A.Because a big hurricane was approaching.
B.Because she was left without power and water.
C.Because her folks were suffering due to hurricanes.
D.Because she lost all her belongings in the hurricane.
2.What does the underlined word “dispersed” probably mean in paragraph 3
A.Exposed.　　　　　　　 B.Connected.
C.Distributed. D.Contributed.
3.What can we learn from the text
A.Niedermyer responded to Santaella’s ideas coldly.
B.Santaella organized the sale at her college all alone.
C.Puerto Rico might be stricken by hurricanes frequently.
D.Pennsylvania College has few students from Puerto Rico.
4.Which can be the best title for the text
A.Hurricane Causes Huge Losses to Puerto Rico
B.Student Puts Skills to Use to Help Her Hometown
C.College Student Shows Baking Skills Through Sales
D.Teacher and Students Work Together in Fund Raising
B
(2025·蘭州市高三診斷考試)The oceans play a crucial role in lightening global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, in a study conducted by the University of Texas at Austin, researchers found that the oceans’ capacity to absorb carbon dioxide would reach its maximum by 2100 and decrease to half of its current efficiency by 2300, based on a climate simulation (模擬) that was set for a worst case emissions scenario (設想).
The decline happens because of a surface layer of low alkalinity (堿度) water that can hinder the ability of the oceans to absorb CO2. Alkalinity affects how much CO2 can dissolve in seawater. Although the emissions scenario used in the study is unlikely because of global efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions, the findings reveal a previously unknown tipping point that if activated would release an important brake on global warming.
“We need to think about these worst case scenarios to understand how our CO2 emissions might affect the oceans not just this century, but next century and the following century. Climate simulations had previously shown that the oceans slow their absorption of CO2 over time, but none had considered alkalinity as an explanation. We recalculated pieces of a 450 year simulation until we hit on alkalinity as a key cause of the slowing.” said Megumi Chikamoto, who led the research at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics.
The effect begins with extreme climate change, which slows ocean currents. This leaves the surface of the oceans covered in a warm layer of fresh water that won’t mix easily with the cooler, more alkaline water below it. That means more of the greenhouse gas is left in the atmosphere. This in turn produces faster warming, which sustains and strengthens the low alkalinity surface layer. Co author, Pedro DiNezio, said that the discovery was a powerful reminder that the world needs to reduce its CO2 emissions to avoid crossing this and other tipping points.
5.What may happen after the year 2300
A.More CO2 will be absorbed by the oceans.
B.The oceans will lose all their current efficiency.
C.The world will face even more severe warming.
D.The oceans will be less crucial to global warming.
6.What does the underlined word “hinder” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Improve. B.Weaken. C.Protect. D.Control.
7.What does Megumi Chikamoto say about the oceans
A.Finding why they slow CO2 intake is hard.
B.Their ability to absorb CO2 is at their maximum.
C.They will decide on the future of human beings.
D.They will slow down CO2 absorption very quickly.
8.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A biology textbook. B.A government report.
C.Science fiction. D.An environmental journal.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·廣州模擬)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift. I took a 　9　 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 　10　. Within minutes I was in a whiteout. The windows were 　11　 and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver’s side window, thinking I could better 　12　 the road edge and keep to a straight line. But really, I had no 　13　 where I was. I stopped and kept the car running to stay 　14　. I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.
The call left me in　15　. Breathe, I told myself. An idea occurred to me. I 　16　 my location online and explained what I was 　17　, wishing for anyone to come to my rescue. Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post. I got a 　18　 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby. I had never been more 　19　.
Then I saw a big 　20　 in the dark. He had walked about 500 metres to get me, 　21　 the wind and snow each step of the way. “You’ll be OK. Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the 　22　. I drove slowly behind him. When we reached his house, I burst into tears of 　23　.
9.A.shortcut　 B.turn　　
C.look　　D.risk
10.A.soon B.fast
C.lightly D.suddenly
11.A.locked B.closed
C.frozen D.broken
12.A.follow B.cover
C.mark D.remember
13.A.plan B.clue
C.doubt D.problem
14.A.awake B.calm
C.warm D.still
15.A.confusion B.trouble
C.embarrassment D.panic
16.A.confirmed B.found
C.posted D.checked
17.A.looking at B.going through
C.searching for D.carrying out
18.A.tip B.comment
C.like D.message
19.A.inspired B.relieved
C.convinced D.amazed
20.A.policeman B.creature
C.shadow D.figure
21.A.fighting B.avoiding
C.checking D.reporting
22.A.goal B.danger
C.depth D.direction
23.A.hope B.love
C.gratitude D.pride
必修1　UNIT 4　單元雙測·課時作業(二)
(Ⅰ、Ⅱ題在答題區內答題,Ⅲ題在題后直接作答)
Ⅰ.閱讀七選五
Earthquakes are a terrible natural disaster that will cause lots of danger and damage. In the last few years, we have seen some of the worst earthquakes in history. 　1　 However, we do get some signs from animals, including dogs!
Dogs have been known to warn their owners that dangerous weather was coming. We can take the ways our dog reacts in certain situations to give us a hand in predicting when something like an earthquake may be about to happen.
Although the signs of a dog sensing an earthquake aren’t very clear, dogs who sense earthquakes will show certain signs before the event actually happens.　2　 You know your dog well, so it will not be too challenging to tell when there is something wrong. Some dogs will begin to run around in circles and pace up and down crazily. It may appear as if something has frightened them or as if they saw something that made them nervous.　3　
On the other hand, dogs will instinctively look for shelter when they sense bad weather or they feel like they are in danger.　4　 Or if they are outside, they may go into their dog house. It is important to that just because your dog is showing all or some of these signs, it does not mean an earthquake or other natural disaster is about to strike.
　5　 But take their behaviors seriously and do what you feel is right depending on the situation.
A.Many dogs can tell smelly gas.
B.Your dog may run off or hide under a bed.
C.Using dogs to predict earthquakes is not new.
D.If there is a coming earthquake, your dog will act strangely.
E.They will also often bark for what seems to be no right reason.
F.Earthquakes generally come with no warning and are hard to predict.
G.There may be other reasons dogs may act this way or appear afraid for seemingly no reason.
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2025·咸陽模擬)Chinese achievements in pollution control, ecological recovery and protection, and green development China 　1　 (make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing, 　2　 a senior official pointed out China’s 　3　 (participate) and leadership in global climate governance.
According to the press briefing, China has been the fastest in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent. Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also 　4　 (effective) tackled. Ecological systems 　5　 (protect) and restored. National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species saw their wild populations recover, marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity.
The country has taken 　6　 active part in cooperation on climate change. It has done its 　7　 (good) to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity 　8　 (reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change. It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change 　9　 more than 120 developing countries.
　10　 (head) forward, China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change.
Ⅲ.讀后續寫 精品課件·名師析題
　　閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
　　It began as a typical January day. The grey skies were heavy with snow and wind in front of Valleyview School. I was in my first year of teaching and had no idea that this approaching snowstorm would be so severe.
　　By mid day the principal called the school buses back so the three hundred kids could get home safely before it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, excited to go home early. The buses arrived but the storm suddenly worsened before the waiting kids could board and it was quickly clear no one was going anywhere soon. By now the bus drivers and a couple of snowplow (鏟雪車) operators were discussing the situation. There were over three hundred children, staff, bus and snowplow drivers stuck inside the school.
　　Night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping. We were facing some basic questions. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner Where would they sleep
　　Earl, our school gatekeeper, began working non stop to keep the heater running. Concerned about the old pipes freezing, he wrapped them with whatever material he could find. With our electricity lines swaying under the increasing weight of ice and snow in heavy winds, what would we do if we lost power A plan was definitely needed.
　　Every parent was called to reassure them that their children were safe, and then people who lived close enough to brave the storm were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people had managed to travel through the heavy and blinding snow bringing bags of sandwiches, tinned juices, blankets and a couple of board games. One woman, who lived right on the edge of the school, wrapped herself up and felt through the blinding snow with a huge kettle and enough ingredients to make tomato soup for at least half of the school. There wasn’t a lot of food, but everything was shared, no one went hungry, and no one complained.
注意:1.續寫詞數應為150左右;
2.請按如下格式作答。
　　Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. 　
　　The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow. 　
必修 1　UNIT 4
課時作業(一)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
[A]
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊,人們的生活無著落時,正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長,來幫助家鄉。
1.選C　推理判斷題。由第一、二段可知,Santaella得知颶風襲擊了自己的家鄉,家人們損失慘重,不能像自己一樣在大學里衣食無憂,因此她的內心非常著急。故選C。
2.選C　詞義猜測題。由第三段語境可知,Santaella最初認為,只要把面包烘焙好,運送到島嶼上,然后分發給災民就可以了,dispersed意為“分發(Distributed)”。故選C。
3.選C　推理判斷題。由倒數第二段可知,波多黎各的人們已經受颶風Irma和颶風Maria的影響,可推出波多黎各可能經常遭受颶風襲擊。
4.選B　標題歸納題。得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊,人們的生活無著落時,正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長,來幫助被颶風襲擊的家鄉,B項“學生運用技能幫助家鄉”符合此意。
[B]
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。在未來,海洋吸收二氧化碳能力的下降會導致全球變暖。
5.選C　推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“researchers found that the oceans’ capacity ... decrease to half of its current efficiency by 2300”可知,到2300年,海洋吸收二氧化碳的效率將降低一半;再由文章首句“The oceans play a crucial role in lightening global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions”可知,海洋通過吸收二氧化碳在減緩全球變暖方面起著至關重要的作用。由此可知,一旦海洋吸收二氧化碳的效率降低,全球變暖問題將更嚴重。故選C。
6.選B　詞義猜測題。分析畫線詞所在句的結構可知,that引導定語從句,先行詞為“a surface layer of low alkalinity (堿度) water”,再由“The decline happens”可知,海洋表層的低堿度海水應該是能夠削弱海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力。故hinder意為“削弱”,即weaken,故選B。
7.選A　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Climate simulations had previously shown ... none had considered alkalinity as an explanation”可知,以前的氣候模擬只是表明一直以來海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力在減弱,但是沒有一個考慮到是堿度的原因。由此可知,Megumi Chikamoto談到了查明為什么海洋降低二氧化碳的吸收很困難。故選A。
8.選D　推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力對氣候變暖的影響,與自然環境緊密相關,故文章有可能來自一本環境期刊。
Ⅱ.完形填空
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文,描述了作者在一場突如其來的暴風雪中迷路并被困在車中,隨后通過社交媒體發出求救信號,最終得到一位陌生人在惡劣天氣中的救援,并被引領至安全之地的經歷。
9.選D　根據下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”可知,作者冒著風險。
10.選B　根據下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知,雪下得很快。
11.選C　根據下文“getting covered with snow”可知,此處說的是暴風雪中車窗的狀態,分析選項,C項“frozen”表示的含義符合語境。
12.選A　根據下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知,此處說的是沿著路邊。
13.選B　根據下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911”可知,作者因暴風雪迷路,不知道自己在哪里。
14.選C　根據上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知,作者停下來,但為了取暖,仍然保持汽車發動機運轉。
15.選D　根據上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night”可知,作者報警求救,卻被告知要等一晚上,故作者感到驚慌失措。
16.選C　根據下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post”可知,作者在網上發了帖子。
17.選B　根據下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知,作者解釋的是自己經歷的事情。
18.選D　根據下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知,作者收到了一條消息。
19.選B　根據上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知,在困境中有陌生人打算幫助作者,使作者感到如釋重負。
20.選D　根據下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知,此處指的是一個高大的人影。
21.選A　根據第二段“Then the snow started and was coming down 　　　　. Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知,幫助作者的人頂著風雪前來。
22.選D　根據下文“I drove slowly behind him”可知,前來幫助的人知道方向,所以作者開車跟著他。
23.選C　根據上文“But really, I had no 　　　　where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知,作者在暴風雪中迷路時收到了來自陌生人的幫助,故作者心懷感激。
課時作業(二)
Ⅰ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了狗可以在地震來臨前預測地震,并介紹了狗的一些反常行為。
1.選F　根據后文“然而,我們確實從動物那里得到了一些跡象,包括狗”可知,后文與本句構成轉折,指出狗可以預測地震。故F選項“地震通常沒有預警,很難預測”符合語境。
2.選D 　根據后文列舉了一些地震前狗的反常行為可知,D選項“如果地震即將來臨,你的狗會表現得很奇怪”符合語境。
3.選E　空處位于段末,應承接上文。根據上文“有些狗會開始繞著圈子跑,瘋狂地上躥下跳。看起來好像有什么東西讓它們害怕,或者它們仿佛看到了什么讓它們緊張的東西”可知,本句與上文并列,都是在說明狗的反常行為。故E選項“它們也會經常為一些似乎沒有正確的理由而吠叫”符合語境。
4.選B　根據上文可知,狗會本能地尋找庇護所,本句應是對上文庇護所的舉例說明。故B選項“你的狗可能會跑或藏在床底下”符合語境,且與下文構成并列關系。
5.選G　根據后文“但是認真對待它們的行為,根據情況做你認為正確的事情”并結合上一段說明了狗會尋找庇護所來躲避地震可知,本句是在總結狗可能有其他的原因會躲避或看起來害怕,與后文構成轉折,故G選項符合語境。
Ⅱ.語法填空
語篇解讀:本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了近幾年中國在全球氣候變化治理上的成就。
1.has made　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。make作定語從句“China 　　　　(make) in the past decade”的謂語,根據時間狀語in the past decade可知,用現在完成時;主語是China,故填has made。
2.where　考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞是a Friday press briefing,空處在從句中作地點狀語,用where引導。
3.participation　考查名詞。空前是名詞所有格,所以空處應填名詞作賓語,participate的名詞形式是participation。
4.effectively　考查副詞。空處修飾空后的動詞,用副詞修飾。
5.are protected　考查動詞時態和語態。protect作本句謂語,和主語Ecological systems之間是被動關系,用被動語態;此處描述客觀事實,用一般現在時。
6.an　考查冠詞。此處是固定搭配:take an active part in意為“積極參加”。故填an。
7.best　考查形容詞最高級。此處是固定搭配:do one’s best意為“竭盡全力”,故填best。
8.to reduce　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞has done,所以reduce用非謂語形式。根據句意,此處表目的,用不定式作目的狀語。
9.for　考查介詞。此處是固定搭配train for,意為“為……訓練”。
10.Heading　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞will work,所以head用非謂語形式,和邏輯主語China之間是主動關系,用現在分詞形式;位于句首,首字母應大寫。
Ⅲ.讀后續寫(參考范文)
　　Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. As the evening came, the school gymnasium was transformed into a temporary dormitory, with rows of mats laid out and blankets spread for the children to sleep on. Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. Meanwhile, the staff worked tirelessly to ensure that everyone was warm and safe throughout the night.
　　The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.The snowplows began to work. Parents and nearby residents arrived with tools in hand, ready to help dig out the buses a path through the snow. The community spirit was truly inspiring, and together we were able to clear a path for the buses to finally leave. As the last bus carrying the last students pulled away, cheers erupted from those who remained behind. It was a challenging experience, but one that brought us all closer together. Looking back, it wasn’t just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.
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