資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共194張PPT)
目錄
CONTENTS
遷移應(yīng)用—過閱讀關(guān)
03.
發(fā)展提升—過表達(dá)關(guān)
04.
自主學(xué)習(xí)—過識(shí)記關(guān)
01.
課堂學(xué)案—過詞匯關(guān)
02.
課下測(cè)評(píng)—過高考關(guān)
05.
1
自主學(xué)習(xí)—過識(shí)記關(guān)
|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．medium n．(pl.media)　 傳播信息的媒介，方法；
手段，工具
adj. 中等的，中號(hào)的
2．café n. 咖啡館，小餐館
3．blog n. 博客，網(wǎng)志
4．slave n. 奴隸
5．raft n. 木排，筏
6．basis n．(pl.bases) 基礎(chǔ)；原因；基準(zhǔn)
7．well-meaning adj. 出于好心的，善意的
8．death n. 死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)
9．wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒
二、核心單詞(書寫準(zhǔn))
1．a(chǎn)wkward adj.　　　 局促不安的；令人尷尬的；
難對(duì)付的；笨拙的
2．sight n. 視野；視力；看見
3．horrible adj. 令人震驚的；可惡的，極壞的
4．chat vi.& n. 聊天，閑聊
5．judge vt.& vi. 評(píng)價(jià)，(尤指)批評(píng)；判斷，認(rèn)為
n. 法官；裁判員
6．case n. 具體情況，事例；案件；容器
7．definitely adv. 肯定，確實(shí)；確切地
8．trick vt. 欺騙，欺詐
n. 詭計(jì)，花招；戲法
9．misunderstand vt.& vi. 　 誤解，誤會(huì)
10．contact vt.& n. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)
11．generous adj. 寬宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的
12．shallow adj. 膚淺的，淺薄的；淺的
13．theme n. 主題；主旋律
14．opinion n． 意見，看法；(群體的)觀點(diǎn)，信仰
15．quality n. 品德，素質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；特征
adj. 優(yōu)質(zhì)的，高質(zhì)量的
16．efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的
17．extra adj. 額外的，分外的，附加的
adv. 額外，另外；特別，格外
18．measure vt. 估量，判定；測(cè)量
n. 措施；衡量
19．seek vi. 試圖；尋找；爭(zhēng)取
vt. 尋求；尋找
20．escape vi.& vt. 逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；
被遺忘
n. 逃離，逃脫
21．joy n. 高興，愉快；
令人高興的人(或事)，樂趣
22．moment n. 時(shí)光，時(shí)機(jī)；瞬間；某個(gè)時(shí)刻
23．indeed adv. 其實(shí)，實(shí)際上；的確；真正地
24．thorough adj. 徹底的，全面的；仔細(xì)的
25．crowd n. 一伙人，一幫人；人群
vt. 擠滿，使擁擠
vi. 聚集；擠，涌
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．origin 　　　n．　　　 起源
original adj. 起初的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；原作的
originally adv. 最初；原先
2．recover vi. 恢復(fù)健康；恢復(fù)常態(tài)
vt. 全額收回；尋回；恢復(fù)
recovery n. 改善；恢復(fù)
3．respond vi.& vt. 回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
response n. 回復(fù)；反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
4．lose v. 丟失；失去
loss n. 失去，喪失；虧損；去世；損失
5．a(chǎn)pology n. 道歉，致歉
apologize vi. 道歉，謝罪
6．behave vi. 表現(xiàn)，舉止
behaviour n. 行為，舉止，態(tài)度
7．frank adj. 坦率的，直率的
frankly adv. 坦率地
8．ignore vt. 忽視，對(duì)……不予理會(huì)
ignorant adj. 無知的
ignorance n. 無知
9．suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；變差 vt.遭受，蒙受
suffering n. 受苦；苦難
10．explode vi. (憤怒等感情)爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)；爆炸 vt.使爆炸
explosion n. 爆炸；爆炸聲
11．respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重視
respectful adj. 有禮貌的；恭敬的
respectable adj. 體面的；令人尊敬的
12．reflect v. 映射；反射；思考
reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映
13．benefit n. 優(yōu)勢(shì)，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
14．comfort vt. 寬慰，撫慰 n．舒服；安慰
comfortable adj. 自在的；舒適的
uncomfortable　adj. 不舒服的；不舒適的
15．fail v. 失敗
failure n． 失??；失敗的人(或事)；未履行；故障
16．recognize vt. 承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
recognition n. 認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)出
17．company n. 陪伴，作伴；公司
accompany vt. 陪伴；為……伴奏
companion n. 伙伴；伴侶；同伴
18．poem n. 詩(shī)
poet n. 詩(shī)人
poetry n. 詩(shī)(總稱)；詩(shī)意
19．a(chǎn)dmire vt. 欽佩；欣賞
admiration n. 敬佩；欽佩；羨慕
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．各種各樣的“聯(lián)系”　
①contact　　　　　　　 ②associate
③link ④relate
⑤combine ⑥connect
2．變化多端的“性格”　
①generous 慷慨的
②intelligent 聰明的
③considerate 體貼的
④confident 自信的
⑤gentle 溫柔的
⑥calm 鎮(zhèn)靜的
3．真摯誠(chéng)懇的“道歉”　
①apologize to sb.for sth.
②I'm sorry for ...
③say sorry to sb.for sth.
④Excuse me for ...
4．五花八門的“方法”　
①measure n. 方法；措施
②way n. 方式，手段
③manner n. 方式，態(tài)度
④means n. 方法，手段
⑤approach n. 方法，途徑
⑥method n. 方法，方式
|背|短|語|
1．on the rocks　　　　 (關(guān)系)陷于困境，瀕臨崩潰
2．out of one's sight 脫離某人的視線
3．make it 能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；獲得成功
4．a(chǎn)t a loss 不知所措，困惑
5．in the wrong 有錯(cuò)，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
6．in any case 無論如何，不管怎樣
7．let go of 放棄，摒棄；松手，放開
8．count on 依賴，依靠，指望
9．eat away at 腐蝕，侵蝕，逐漸破壞
10．come between ...and ... 　損害……之間的關(guān)系，離間；
妨礙
11．in person 親自，親身
12．high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)
的部分
13．through thick and thin 　 不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻，同甘共苦
14．in one's opinion 在某人看來
15．get over 克服；恢復(fù)常態(tài)
16．bring out 使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出
17．smooth out 消除(問題)，克服(困難)
18．be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事
19．take on 呈現(xiàn)，具有
20．in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學(xué)高級(jí)句式
1．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.(whether ...or ...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
不論是去上學(xué)、做作業(yè)，還是周末出去玩兒，我們倆幾乎形影不離。
2．I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork ...[have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困難”]
我能看得出蒂姆在平衡他的項(xiàng)目和作業(yè)方面有困難……
3．Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me.(even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
蒂姆是我應(yīng)該盡最大努力幫助的人，即使這意味著我要做更多的工作。
二、背主題佳句，學(xué)出彩表達(dá)
單元主題：友誼
1．Friendship plays an important part in our studies, work and everyday life.
友誼在我們的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和日常生活中起著重要作用。
2．As friends we should trust each other and share joys and sorrows together.
作為朋友，我們應(yīng)該互相信任，同甘共苦。
3．To gain sincere friends, one must treat them sincerely when associating with others.
與人交往，待人以至誠(chéng)，才能換取真摯的友誼。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：人物描寫之性格描寫
When I felt strong enough to get dressed and go downstairs, Diana and Mary looked after me very kindly, and made me feel welcome in their pleasant home. Their brother, however, seemed strict and cold. He was between twenty-eight and thirty, fair-haired and extremely handsome. Diana and Mary were curious about my past, but sensitive enough to avoid asking questions which would hurt me. St John, on the other hand, made determined efforts to discover who I was, but I, just as firmly, refused to explain more than necessary.
當(dāng)我感覺身體還行，能穿衣、下樓時(shí)，戴安娜和瑪麗悉心地照料我，在她們溫馨的家里，讓我感到受她們歡迎。不過她們的哥哥顯得嚴(yán)厲、冷淡。他年齡二十八、三十歲之間，淺色的頭發(fā)，人相當(dāng)帥氣。戴安娜和瑪麗對(duì)我的過去很好奇，但也很敏感，避而不問會(huì)傷害我的問題。另一方面，她們的哥哥圣約翰下定決心要弄清我的身份，但我態(tài)度堅(jiān)定，拒絕作過多解釋。
高分悟道 本段中使用了多個(gè)描寫性格的詞語，如“kindly, curious, sensitive”，形象地刻畫出了戴安娜和瑪麗的和善和體貼周到；“strict and cold, determined”表明了哥哥(圣約翰)的嚴(yán)厲、冷淡和固執(zhí)；“firmly”則突出了“我”的堅(jiān)定。
高分有招 常見的與“性格描寫”相關(guān)的高分詞塊有：
a short temper　　　　　 急性子
a strong will 堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志
a difficult person 一個(gè)不好相處的人
lack self-confidence 缺乏自信
with pleasant personality 性格和善
一、默寫核心單詞
1．a(chǎn)n situation　　　 令人尷尬的情形
2．a(chǎn) scene 令人震驚的一幕
3． from what he said 根據(jù)他的話判斷
4．in this 在這種情況下
5． understand 完全理解
awkward
horrible
judge
case
definitely
6．be by him 被他欺騙
7．completely her intentions
完全誤會(huì)了她的意圖
8． name 聯(lián)系人
9．expert 專家意見
10． of service 服務(wù)質(zhì)量
11．the use of energy 能源的有效利用
tricked
misunderstood
contact
opinion
quality
efficient
12． work 額外的工作
13． the length and width 測(cè)量一下長(zhǎng)和寬
14． to be alone 追求獨(dú)處
15． into one's own world 逃入自我的世界中
16． and sadness 喜與悲
17．treasure these of closeness 珍視這些親密的時(shí)光
extra
measure
seek
escape
joy
moments
18．work very well 確實(shí)很管用
19．a(chǎn) more understanding of our problems
對(duì)自身的問題有更透徹的認(rèn)識(shí)
20．the company of a 與眾人為伍
indeed
thorough
crowd
二、默寫變形單詞
(依據(jù)語境提示在橫線上寫出單詞的正確形式)
original
originally
origin
recover
recovery
respond
response
loss
lose
apologize
apology
behaviour
behave
frank
frankly
ignore
ignorant
ignorance
suffer
suffering
explode
explosion
respect
respectful
respectable
reflection
reflect
benefits
beneficial
comfort
comfortable
uncomfortable
failure
fail
recognize
recognition
company
accompany
companion
poet
poetry
poem
admire
admiration
三、默寫重點(diǎn)短語
1． 　　　　 (關(guān)系)陷于困境，瀕臨崩潰
2． 脫離某人的視線
3． 能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；獲得成功
4． 不知所措，困惑
5． 有錯(cuò)，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
on the rocks
out of one's sight
make it
at a loss
in the wrong
6． 無論如何，不管怎樣
7． 放棄，摒棄；松手，放開
8． 依賴，依靠，指望
9． 腐蝕，侵蝕，逐漸破壞
10． 　 損害……之間的關(guān)系，離間；妨礙
11． 親自，親身
12． 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分
in any case
let go of
count on
eat away at
come between ...and ...
in person
high point
13． 　 不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻，同甘共苦
14． 在某人看來
15． 克服；恢復(fù)常態(tài)
16． 使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出
17． 消除(問題)，克服(困難)
18． 注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事
19． 呈現(xiàn)，具有
20． 最大程度地，最大限度地
through thick and thin
in one's opinion
get over
bring out
smooth out
be meant to do sth.
take on
in full measure
2
課堂學(xué)案—過詞匯關(guān)
一、變形詞匯——練清易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)
1．Many buildings on the campus are his (origin) creations.
2．You should (apology) to her for blaming her wrongly.
3．Please arrive early for better seats and write an article about your comments and (reflect) after watching.
4．It's bad (behave) for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
reflections
original
apologize
behaviour
5．You should wear a pair of (comfort) sneakers that fit very well because we will do a lot of walking.
6． (frank) speaking, it is difficult for me to make out what he is saying.
7．I was conducting a chemistry experiment when there was a sudden power (fail)．
8．Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally made a (recover) from it.
comfortable
Frankly
failure
recovery
易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)
1．frankly speaking意為“坦白說”，通常置于句首作狀語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立成分，不受句子主語和時(shí)態(tài)的影響。類似用法的還有：honestly speaking“說實(shí)話”，generally speaking“一般而言”，exactly speaking“確切地說”；strictly speaking“嚴(yán)格地說”等。
2．當(dāng)failure表示抽象概念“失敗”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，表示具體的“失敗的事”或“失敗者”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。
3．make a recovery from ...意為“從……中恢復(fù)過來”，可替換為recover from。
二、重點(diǎn)詞匯——練后拓展歸納
1．respond vi.& vt.回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
①Their responses the questions reflected their true belief.
② response to everyone's request, an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school.
③Voluntary service teaches me how to respond different people.
④(動(dòng)作描寫)I smiled and nodded to him but______________________
.　
我微笑著向他點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，但他沒有作出任何回應(yīng)。
to
In
to
he didn't make any
response
(1)respond to　　 答復(fù)……；對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)
(2)response n. 回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)；回答
in response to 對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)
make a response to 對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/回答
2．Judge vt.&vi.評(píng)價(jià)，(尤指)批評(píng)；判斷，認(rèn)為n.法官；裁判員
①(名言警句)As the old saying goes，“___________________________
.”　俗話說：“不要以貌取人?！?br/>②(話題寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù)) ,
people are increasingly anxious about air and water pollution.
從調(diào)查的結(jié)果可以判斷，人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注空氣污染和水污染問題。
You can't judge a book by/
from its cover
Judging from/by the result of the survey
(1)judging by/from　 從……判斷
as far as sb.can judge 據(jù)某人判斷
(2)judgement n. 判斷力；看法
in one's judgement 據(jù)某人判斷
3．case n．具體情況，事例；案件；容器
① is often the case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
②The cost may be higher than we first thought, but any case it will still be quite satisfying.
As
in
③He learned from his parents that he should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.
→He learned from his parents that ______________________________
that goes against the interests of people.(升級(jí)為倒裝句)
in no case should he do anything
in any case　　 無論如何，不管怎樣
in this/that case 既然這樣/那樣
in no case 決不(置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝)
in case 以防(萬一)
in case of ... 萬一……；如果發(fā)生……
as is often the case 　　 這是常有的事
4．respect vt.尊重，尊敬；遵守n.尊敬，敬意；重視；方面；問候
①He is an honest man and ready to help others, which I respect him.
②A man of virtue will be bound to show respect the old.
③(話題寫作之校園生活) , I once won the first prize in the spoken English contest in our school.
就英語口語而言，我曾在我們學(xué)校的英語口語競(jìng)賽中獲得過一等獎(jiǎng)。
for
for
With respect to/In respect of spoken English
④(2023·全國(guó)甲卷書面表達(dá))Lin Zexu ____________________________
due to the great contributions he made to our society.
林則徐因其對(duì)社會(huì)的巨大貢獻(xiàn)而贏得了中國(guó)人民的尊敬。
won the respect of Chinese people
(1)respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人
(2)have/show respect for ... 對(duì)……表示敬意
win the respect of 贏得……的尊重
give/send one's respects to 代某人向……問候
with respect to/in respect of 關(guān)于；就……而言
5．benefit n．優(yōu)勢(shì)，益處，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于
①(感謝信)I'm writing this letter to express our gratitude to you, for we have benefited a lot the lecture you delivered last week.
from
②(話題寫作之網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技)事實(shí)上，我們從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展中受益匪淺。(一句多譯)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet_________
.(benefit vt.)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet_________
.(benefit n．)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet_________
.(beneficial adj.)
benefits
us greatly
is of great
benefit to us
is greatly
beneficial to us
(1)be of great benefit to 對(duì)……大有裨益
for the benefit of 為了……的利益
to one's benefit 對(duì)某人有利
(2)benefit from/by 得益于
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
be beneficial to 對(duì)……有益/有利
6．recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
①I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond (recognize)．
②(2023·全國(guó)甲卷書面表達(dá))Because of his outstanding achievements, he the representative figure in this field.
因?yàn)樗艹龅某删?，他被公認(rèn)為是這一領(lǐng)域的代表人物。
recognition
is recognized as/to be
③(話題寫作之海洋保護(hù)) protecting oceans from being polluted is of great urgency.
人們普遍認(rèn)為保護(hù)海洋免受污染刻不容緩。
It is widely recognized that
(1)recognize ...as/to be ... 認(rèn)為……是……
recognize that ... 承認(rèn)……
It is recognized that ... 人們認(rèn)識(shí)到……
(2)recognition n. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)可
beyond recognition　 無法辨認(rèn)
三、重點(diǎn)短語——練后查找疏漏
1．make it能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；獲得成功
①(主旨升華句)“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”；as long as you have a dream, keep trying , too.
“世上無難事，只怕有心人”；只要你有夢(mèng)想，堅(jiān)持嘗試，你也會(huì)成功。
②(環(huán)境描寫)By the light of the moon I could just______________________
.
借著月光，我只能分辨出物體的形狀和輪廓。
and you'll make it
make out shapes and
outlines of stuff
③(細(xì)節(jié)描寫)Inspired by the speech, the little girl to study even harder.
受到演講的激勵(lì)，小女孩下定決心更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。
made up her mind
make up for　　 彌補(bǔ)；償還
make sense 有道理；有意義
make out 理解；辨認(rèn)清楚
make up 組成
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定決心(做某事)
make use of 利用
2.count on依賴，依靠，指望
①(語言描寫)He stared at me, “You can in case of difficulty.”
他注視著我說，“遇到困難時(shí)，你可以指望我來幫忙?！?br/>②(動(dòng)作、語言描寫)With her eyes resting on the list, she shrugged,
“ , I guess.”
她的目光停留在名單上，她聳了聳肩說：“我想你可以算我一個(gè)。”
count on me to help
You can count me in
③(語言描寫)“You can I can finish the work on time，” he said firmly.
“你可以相信我會(huì)按時(shí)完成工作，”他堅(jiān)定地說。
count on it that
count down (to sth.)　 倒計(jì)時(shí)
count sb.in 把某人算入；包括某人
count on sb.to do/doing sth. 指望某人做某事
count on it that ... 相信……，指望……
名師指津：count on后應(yīng)先加it再接從句。類似用法的還有rely on、 depend on以及l(fā)ike、 dislike、 hate、 appreciate等。
四、一詞多義——語境中辨詞義(對(duì)應(yīng)右欄詞義填代碼)
1.①In China, respecting the old people is a virtue everyone should have. ___ ②This proposal given by our tutor is really excellent in all respects. ____ ③I'm sorry I can't come up to your home.Give my respects to your parents. ___ ④Sport teaches young people to respect the rules, not only of sport but of society. ____ 1.respect
A．vt.尊重，尊敬
B．vt.遵守
C．n.尊敬，敬意
D．n.重視
E．n.方面
F．n.問候
A
E
F
B
2.①Thousands of people have crowded into the small town to make a fortune. ___ ②When the performance ended, the crowd erupted into cheers. ___ ③When he saw the picture, memories from high school crowded his mind. ___ 2.crowd
A．n.人群，觀眾
B．vt.擠滿，塞滿
C．vi.聚集，涌進(jìn)
C
A
B
3.①Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day. ___ ②He is willing to take on the challenging task on behalf of the whole team. ___ ③Our factory will take on twenty more workers to expand its production. ___ 3.take on
A．承擔(dān)
B．呈現(xiàn)
C．雇用
B
A
C
數(shù)智賦能 隨堂訓(xùn)練—用單元所學(xué)知識(shí)補(bǔ)全語段
3
遷移應(yīng)用—過閱讀關(guān)
(說明：文中加藍(lán)詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2024·九省聯(lián)考·閱讀理解D篇)For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格)．Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy.In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules.That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying.What's making him so sad？”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”)．When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”)．
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words — not fists — to express how they feel.It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime.Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed.
[真題評(píng)價(jià)]
[價(jià)值導(dǎo)向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在幼兒時(shí)期，友誼對(duì)兒童社交能力的發(fā)展的重要性，并探討了幼兒表達(dá)友誼的方式和可能出現(xiàn)的問題。同時(shí)，文章還提供了一些建議和方法，幫助家長(zhǎng)在幼兒社交互動(dòng)中發(fā)揮積極作用，培養(yǎng)他們的同情心和表達(dá)能力，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。文章旨在提醒家長(zhǎng)要及時(shí)地培養(yǎng)孩子幼兒時(shí)期的友誼，幫助孩子形成健康積極的社會(huì)關(guān)系。
√
1．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior
A．They are interested in acting.
B．They are shy with the strangers.
C．They are fond of their playmates.
D．They are tired of playing games.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In addition ...a friend's behavior.”可知，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子模仿玩伴的行為說明他們喜歡自己的玩伴。
√
2．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids
A．Design games for them.
B．Find them suitable playmates.
C．Play together with them.
D．Help them understand social rules.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Through play experiences ...behind them.”可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)在孩子的社交生活中設(shè)定限制，并且經(jīng)常提醒孩子這些限制，也就是社交規(guī)則，幫助孩子理解社交規(guī)則。
3．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4
A．Giving examples.
B．Explaining concepts.
C．Providing evidence.
D．Making comparisons.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，這些引用是通過舉例說明這三個(gè)建議：幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情、如何解決問題以及贊揚(yáng)孩子，故選A項(xiàng)。
√
√
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．How Children Adapt to Changes
B．How to Be a Role Model for Children
C．How Your Baby Learns to Love
D．How to Communicate with Your Kid
解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容、第三段中的“Through play experiences ...what they are.”以及最后一段中的“Another way to ...to express how they feel.”可知，本文主要講的是家長(zhǎng)如何幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)愛，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，采用了“一般—特殊”型的語篇模式，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—分”。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列藍(lán)體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.___________
②That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are._______
adv.顯著地
n.相遇
③(轉(zhuǎn)化詞)Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed._______
v.安排
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①relate to sb.　　　　 __________________________
②regardless of _____
③take an active role in ____________________
④set limits _________
⑤be mindful of ___________
⑥make comparisons _______
與某人建立聯(lián)系，理解某人
不管
在……中起積極作用
設(shè)定限制
注意，留心
作比較
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.
抓標(biāo)志：連接詞 ；“the ＋ ，the ＋ ”
判類型：復(fù)合句→主句＋that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
試翻譯：研究表明，孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)建立積極的人際關(guān)系，他們?cè)谇嗌倌旰统赡陼r(shí)就越善于與他人建立聯(lián)系。
that
比較級(jí)
比較級(jí)
4
發(fā)展提升—過表達(dá)關(guān)
由教材典句，學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)
句式1　whether ...or ...
|解|讀|規(guī)|則|
(1)whether ...or ...既可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，意為“不管是……還是……，不論……還是……”。
(2)whether or not意為“無論，是否”。
(3)whether to do sth.(or not)意為“是否做某事”，為“引導(dǎo)詞＋to do”形式，常用來作動(dòng)詞賓語。
|習(xí)|練|規(guī)|則|　(變換句式)
①Whether you succeed or fail, I'll always be on your side.
→Whether , I'll always be on your side.
②It's up to you to decide whether we will get aboard the glass-bottomed walkway.
→It's up to you to decide_____________________________________
.
you succeed or not
whether to get aboard the glass-bottomed
walkway
|應(yīng)|用|寫|美|
③(倡議書)任何人，無論他是官員還是公交車司機(jī)，都應(yīng)得到同等的尊重。
Anyone, , should be equally respected.
④(動(dòng)作描寫)我把我的杰作拿給媽媽看，并問她有沒有被我的畫嚇到。
I showed my masterpiece to my mother, and asked her_____________
.
whether he is an official or a bus driver
whether the
drawing frightened her or not
句式2　even if 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
|解|讀|規(guī)|則|
(1)even if“盡管，即使”用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可用even though替換；
(2)even if/though所引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。若主、從句主語相同或從句的主語是it，且從句謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則可采用省略結(jié)構(gòu)；
(3)even if/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，既可用虛擬語氣，也可以用陳述語氣。
|習(xí)|練|規(guī)|則|　(單句寫作)
①I'll do it, .
我要做這件事，即使它將花去我整個(gè)下午的時(shí)間。
② , he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不會(huì)放棄夢(mèng)想。
③Even if every large city , we would not have enough yet.　
即使每個(gè)大城市都對(duì)水進(jìn)行再利用，我們的水資源依然不夠。
even if/though it takes me all the afternoon
Even if/though (he is) laughed at
reused its water
|應(yīng)|用|寫|美|
④(話題寫作之親子關(guān)系)父母應(yīng)該給孩子表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的機(jī)會(huì)，即使這些觀點(diǎn)與他們的看法不同。
Parents should give the children chances to voice their opinions
.
⑤(人物描寫)即使不得不整晚熬夜，Melia也決心解決這個(gè)案子。
, Melia was determined to solve the case.
even if/though they are different from theirs
Even if/though she had to stay up all night
建構(gòu)語義場(chǎng)，豐富語料庫(kù)
子語境(一)　結(jié)交好友
1．a(chǎn) close friend　　　　　　 密友
2．the popular girl 受歡迎的女孩
3．a(chǎn)n awkward primary school student 一個(gè)拘謹(jǐn)?shù)男W(xué)生
4．be willing to make friends with sb. 樂意和某人交朋友
5．help sb.out of an embarrassing situation
幫助某人擺脫尷尬境地
6．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.
不論是去上學(xué)、做作業(yè)，還是周末出去玩兒，我們倆幾乎形影不離。
子語境(二)　友情危機(jī)
1．a(chǎn) complete lie　　　　　　　 徹頭徹尾的謊話
2．be tricked by sb. 被某人欺騙
3．ignore your feelings 不在乎你的感受
4．make you suffer 讓你難過
5．let go of our friendship 放棄我們的友誼
6．explode with anger 勃然大怒
7．have an argument with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
8．But last Saturday, she broke my heart, and I'm still picking up the pieces.
但是上周六，她讓我傷心了，我到現(xiàn)在還在收拾心情。
子語境(三)　化解矛盾
1．be worth saving　　　　　 值得挽回
2．be quick to judge sb. 急著給某人下結(jié)論
3．in the wrong 有錯(cuò)，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
4．talk to her face to face 面對(duì)面和她談?wù)?br/>5．have a full and frank talk with her
和她深入、坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)?br/>6．a(chǎn) simple explanation for her behaviour
對(duì)她行為的簡(jiǎn)單解釋
7．be tolerant and brave enough to forgive each other
寬容并勇敢地原諒對(duì)方
8．Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel.
聽聽她怎么說，你也一定要說出自己的感受。
子語境(四) 友誼的真諦
1．respect and support the choices he makes
尊重和支持他做的選擇
2．encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties
鼓勵(lì)他采取行動(dòng)克服這些困難
3．help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves
幫助我們達(dá)成我們?yōu)樽约涸O(shè)立的目標(biāo)
4．Friends are the ones who you can trust and count on.
朋友是你可以信任和依賴的人。
5．Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
朋友要謹(jǐn)慎選擇，友情需用心經(jīng)營(yíng)。
6．With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure.
與真正的朋友，我們可以毫無顧忌、毫無保留地分享我們的歡樂和悲傷。
7．More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
通常，親密的友情能幫助我們踏平時(shí)而坎坷卻又注定要經(jīng)過的道路。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)應(yīng)用單元所學(xué)補(bǔ)全語段(藍(lán)體字為單元詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn))
Friendship is important to all of us.But if your friendship was
① (陷入困境), what should you do
② (我認(rèn)為), it is a good idea to think your behaviour through.③ (如果你有錯(cuò)), you'd better ④ (向你的朋友道歉)．If it is your
on the rocks
In my opinion
If you are in the wrong
apologize to your friends
friends' fault, or they misunderstand you, you should find an opportunity ⑤ (親自和他們深入而坦率地談?wù)?．Besides, if your friends suffer a great loss or a big failure, try your best to comfort them and make them know that you will always stand by them and help them in full measure.
In a word, ⑥ (患難見真情)．
May all of us treasure friendship.
to have a full and frank chat with them in person
a friend in need is a friend indeed
(二)主題語段的細(xì)節(jié)描寫訓(xùn)練
1．朋友相處
①______________________________________________________
(Jenny是我的密友，我們幾乎形影不離)．She is ②___________
(一個(gè)我可以信任和依賴的人)．Of course, ③ (我們也會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵)．But deep down, we both know all the argument is just about
Jenny is my close friend and we're hardly out of each other's
sight
the one who
I can trust and count on
we had arguments from time to time
helping us to grow into a better individual instead of enemies.④______
(我們都學(xué)會(huì)了寬容和勇敢地諒解對(duì)方)．
We
both learned to be tolerant and brave enough to forgive each other
2．化解矛盾
Blushed, she broke the silence, “I am sorry again.①___________
(我不是故意讓你難過的)．” Tears streaming down, she continued, “②____________________________
(我應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)向你道歉)．” I stood up and reached out to hug her.“I am sorry, too.I should have been more generous.” We both promised we would first ③_____________________________________
(彼此深入、坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)? next time we had disagreements.
I didn't
mean to make you suffer
I should have apologized to you
earlier
have a full and frank talk with each other
3．感悟友情
I stood there with Sarah's gift in my hands and ①_____________
(我心里空蕩蕩的)．There was a handwritten greeting card and a pair of gloves knitted by Sarah herself in the box.Sarah wrote in her card that winter was coming and she hoped the gloves would bring warmth to me.②____________________________
(我很感動(dòng)，也很羞愧)．It was at that moment that I realized that
an empty
feeling in my heart
I was so moved and ashamed
③ (盡管我經(jīng)常忽視她的感受), she would always hold out her hand whenever I needed her.This is a true friendship ④ (我將用余生珍藏)
although I often ignored her feelings
that I will treasure for the rest of my life
5
課下測(cè)評(píng)—過高考關(guān)
課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)　主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·大理模擬)When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me.I seek friends whose qualities illuminate (照亮) me and train me up for love.It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend.We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors.We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say, “Let's start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle.Then we would read them aloud.At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.He was in despair and I was in despair.But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at that time.We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted.We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had a remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine.We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves.Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other's dreams.She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments, I often think, “Yes, I must tell ...，” though we have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kindness is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist, who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己在人生的不同階段所遇到的幾個(gè)好朋友的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們朋友對(duì)于我們?nèi)松闹匾饬x。
√
1．In the eighth grade, what did the author do before developing proper social behaviors
A．Become serious about her study.
B．Go to her friend's house regularly.
C．Learn from her classmates at school.
D．Share poems and stories with her friend.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句可知，在八年級(jí)的時(shí)候，作者在培養(yǎng)正確的社會(huì)行為之前所做的就是和她的朋友分享詩(shī)歌和故事。
√
2．What does the underlined sentence “We gave London to each other” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us.
B．We were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London.
C．Our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared.
D．We parted with each other in London.
解析：句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句上文可知，作者和朋友在倫敦時(shí)都很絕望，但他們一起探索倫敦，一起發(fā)現(xiàn)美好的事物，直到絕望的感覺消失了，這說明探索倫敦讓他們都很難忘。由此可推知，畫線句子的意思是：對(duì)倫敦的探索對(duì)作者和朋友來說都是一份難忘的禮物。
√
3．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to .
A．seek professional help
B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend
D．break the silence
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，在最黑暗的時(shí)刻，作者寧愿獨(dú)處。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．Unforgettable Experiences
B．Noble Companions
C．Remarkable Imagination
D．Lifelong Friendship
√
解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段可知，作者通過講述自己在人生的不同階段所遇到的幾個(gè)好朋友的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們朋友對(duì)于我們?nèi)松闹匾饬x。結(jié)合最后一段中“It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.”可知，作者對(duì)companions(伙伴)進(jìn)行了高度評(píng)價(jià)。故B項(xiàng)“高尚的伙伴”適合作文章標(biāo)題。
B
(2025·山東部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考)One day I typed into a chatbot all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays millions of people are already turning to specialist therapy (治療) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive mental health support.
Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of so-called empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species' defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction.
One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their experience.
On the first point, in recent years, AI-powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the empathiser's response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直覺的) awareness of an individual and their situation.
All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with the chatbot. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AI聊天機(jī)器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及與人類真正同理心的差距。
√
5．What does the underlined word “boon” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Trap.　　　　　　 B．Prize.
C．Blessing. D．Challenge.
解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后一句可知，這里提到人工智能因?yàn)椴皇軐擂魏推v的影響，可能在表達(dá)同理心上比人類更開放、不知疲倦，因此對(duì)于某些專家來說，這是人工智能在心理健康支持方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，是一件好事。由此可知，畫線詞意為“好事，益處”。
√
6．What does the recent analysis show about empathy
A．It calls for clear communication.
B．It starts with emotion identification.
C．It rules out individual difference.
D．It depends on rich imagination.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，關(guān)于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要條件是能夠識(shí)別另一個(gè)人的感受。
7．What can AI do according to paragraph 4
A．Provide data-driven feedback.
B．Recognize one's real desire.
C．Update large language models.
D．Predict one's behavior by intuition.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知，人工智能能夠識(shí)別我們的情感并作出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)，這是基于大量語言模型對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)測(cè)能力，即能夠提供數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的反饋。
√
√
8．What does the author think of the chatbot
A．Its development should be sped up.
B．Its intelligence is winning more favor.
C．Its application should be strictly managed.
D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans'.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句以及最后一段最后一句可知，作者在與多個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人交談后，最終還是選擇給朋友打電話尋求情感支持。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為它的人工善意無法與人類的相比。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2025·安徽部分重點(diǎn)高中模擬)Phone call anxiety is on the rise, with a quarter of 18－24-year-olds avoiding picking up the phone. 9 The avoidance of phone calls isn't just a preference; it's a reflection of anxiety.The immediacy and directness of a phone call, without the ability to carefully respond as in text-based communication, can be discouraging.
精品課件·名師析題
10 Even traditional forms of speaking can set off a release of oxytocin, which helps reduce social anxiety symptoms.However, in the absence of physical cues (提示) and the comfort of a known audience, phone calls can worsen these anxieties, making the experience feel more intense.
In face-to-face interactions, we rely heavily on gestures, facial expressions, and body language to interpret messages, which are absent in phone conversations. 11
The fear of making and receiving phone calls can have negative effects on both your personal and professional lives. 12 Although answering the phone and making calls may seem like a simple task that everyone should be able to do, suffering from phone call anxiety can be terrifying and real.
While it's understandable why phone calls can feel awkward in today's digital age, it's essential to recognize the value they hold in effective communication and relationship building.As we navigate this “phone anxiety pandemic”， it is crucial to encourage and relearn the art of phone conversation, balancing the ease of texting with the depth and authenticity of a real-time voice call. 13
A．This anxiety is not entirely new.
B．Who are reluctant to pick up phones
C．Why are we making fewer phone calls
D．It represents a sense of being separated.
E．Therefore, it is important to take phone anxiety seriously.
F．This can lead to misunderstandings and a feeling of disconnect.
G．This balance is key to establishing good relationships in increasingly digital world.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了電話焦慮癥產(chǎn)生的原因、克服電話焦慮癥的重要性以及克服電話焦慮癥的方法。
9．解析：選C　上文提到，電話焦慮癥正在上升，許多年輕人避免打電話；下文則闡述了人們不愿打電話的原因；C項(xiàng)“為什么我們打電話越來越少了？”針對(duì)上文的現(xiàn)象提出疑問，且下文的內(nèi)容是對(duì)這一問題的解答。
10．解析：選A　根據(jù)下文特別是“phone calls can worsen these anxieties, making the experience feel more intense”可知，這種焦慮在傳統(tǒng)的交流方式中已經(jīng)存在，只不過打電話加劇了這些焦慮。故A項(xiàng)“這種焦慮并不完全是新的”符合語境。
11．解析：選F　根據(jù)上文可知，電話交談中缺乏那種面對(duì)面交流時(shí)表情、手勢(shì)或者肢體語言對(duì)信息的提示與解釋；F項(xiàng)“這會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤解和疏離感”承接上文，解釋了結(jié)果。
12．解析：選E　上文指出，對(duì)接打電話的恐懼會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和職業(yè)生活產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響；E項(xiàng)“因此，認(rèn)真對(duì)待電話焦慮癥很重要”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，符合語境。
13．解析：選G　根據(jù)上文可知，在短信與實(shí)時(shí)語音通話之間取得平衡至關(guān)重要；G項(xiàng)“這種平衡是在日益數(shù)字化的世界中建立良好關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵”承接上文，闡述該平衡的重要作用。選項(xiàng)中的“This balance”與前一句中“balancing the ease of texting with the depth and authenticity of a real-time voice call”相呼應(yīng)。
課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)　語言技能綜合訓(xùn)練　　　　　
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·沈陽模擬)The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.The 1 allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and 2 a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.Here is their story on what they do to 3 as a team.
This team 4 eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas.Their working 5 were not the best.During the night when I 6 them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and 7 that, they worked from 12：00 p．m. to 8：00 a．m.Their 8 was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible 9 ， which most people can't stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to 10 their secrets.So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (協(xié)調(diào)) with each other, and we have a great 11 of team spirit, believe in our 12 ， and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things.We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company.They were described as “ 13 ” compared to other 156 teams.They were motivated by the positive attention, and the 14 that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other.This team has stayed 15 and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”．
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自身的經(jīng)歷說明了團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的秘訣。
√
1．A.leader　　　　　　 B．learner
C．waiter D．customer
解析：根據(jù)空前一句以及空后的“allows the members on the team to establish teamwork”可推測(cè)，空處指的是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者(leader)允許團(tuán)隊(duì)成員建立團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。
√
2．A.defend against B．look into
C．leave out D．serve as
解析：根據(jù)空后的“a communication channel”可知，這是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該擔(dān)當(dāng)(serve as)的角色。
√
3．A.set out B．stand out
C．work out D．run out
解析：根據(jù)空處上文可知，這支團(tuán)隊(duì)非常成功，由此可知，空處指的是脫穎而出(stand out)。
√
4．A.accounts for B．concentrates on
C．consists of D．cares about
解析：根據(jù)空后的“eighteen members”以及句意可知，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)由18名成員組成。consist of“由……組成”。
√
5．A.conditions B．habits
C．states D．a(chǎn)ttitudes
解析：根據(jù)下文語境可知，他們的工作條件(conditions)并不是很好。
√
6．A.bothered B．reminded
C．trained D．observed
解析：根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者親自跟進(jìn)了這個(gè)成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)，由此可知，作者是在觀察(observed)他們的工作。
√
7．A.far from B．in return for
C．a(chǎn)part from D．in case of
解析：根據(jù)空處所在句可知，他們不僅做著又熱又臟的工作，而且從晚上12點(diǎn)一直工作到早上8點(diǎn)。apart from“除……以外”。
√
8．A.pay B．mood
C．diet D．rent
解析：根據(jù)下文語境以及上文所說的工作條件差可推測(cè)，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的薪酬(pay)也并不是最好的。
√
9．A.delivery B．smell
C．quality D．shape
解析：根據(jù)上文“a hot and dirty job ”以及下文“which most people can't stand”可推測(cè)，這些產(chǎn)品還會(huì)發(fā)出難聞的氣味(smell)。
√
10．A.compare B．uncover
C．a(chǎn)djust D．keep
解析：根據(jù)下文“So I was looking for answers.”可知，作者想要揭開(uncover)該團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的秘密。
√
11．A.taste B．bite
C．review D．sense
解析：根據(jù)上文“we are in tune with each other”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)每個(gè)人都很協(xié)調(diào)，由此可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)擁有團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神。sense of team spirit“團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神”。
√
12．A.limitation B．prejudice
C．purpose D．complaint
解析：根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的原因是擁有目標(biāo)(purpose)，所以有自驅(qū)力，不需要正式的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也可以進(jìn)行運(yùn)營(yíng)。
√
13．A.special B．normal
C．hesitant D．ridiculous
解析：根據(jù)上文語境可知，他們團(tuán)隊(duì)和其他156支隊(duì)伍并不相同，因此他們是特別的(special)。
√
14．A.pity B．security
C．pride D．tense
解析：根據(jù)空后的“that went along with being the best”及常識(shí)可知，成為最好的團(tuán)隊(duì)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種自豪(pride)感。
√
15．A.self-centered B．self-employed
C．self-funded D．self-driven
解析：根據(jù)第一段以及空后“self-directed”可推測(cè)，空處指的是能夠自我管理，自我驅(qū)動(dòng)(self-driven)。
Ⅱ.語法填空
We all know that forgiving yourself and others can bring you peace of mind.Recently, a new study published in the journal Psychology and Health 1 (find) that forgiveness may help you sleep well, too.Researchers led by Luther College psychology professor Loren Toussaint surveyed nearly 1,500 American adults to rate how likely they were 2 (forgive) both themselves for their own mistakes
and others for hurting them.Then the participants were asked quite a few questions over their sleep quality, life 3 (satisfy), and overall physical health.Their findings show that people who were forgiving slept much 4 (well) at night, and, in turn, were happier and healthier than those who went to bed 5 anger.
The results led the researchers to conclude that forgiveness of others and self-forgiveness may help create a 6 (relax) mental state that supports sound sleep, 7 is connected with better health.Of course, forgiving yourself or someone else isn't always easy.According to Karen Swartz, a doctor of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, it is about more than just 8 (say) the words.
“It is an active process in which you make a decision to let go of negative feelings 9 the person deserves it or not，” Swartz explains.
So, next time you can't sleep at night, why not give forgiveness 10 try It's certain that it can make you feel better the next day.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最近，發(fā)表在《心理學(xué)與健康》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，寬恕也可以幫助你睡得更好。
1．has found　考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填謂語動(dòng)詞；由“Recently”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因find與單數(shù)主語a new study之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填has found。
2．to forgive　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)be likely to do sth.，表示“有可能做某事”。
3．satisfaction　考查名詞。 分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞，與上文的“quality”及下文的“health”并列作介詞的賓語，且satisfaction表“滿意”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填satisfaction。
4．better　考查副詞比較級(jí)。由下文“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞比較級(jí)。
5．in　考查介詞。in anger表示“憤怒地”，為固定短語。
6．relaxing　考查形容詞。修飾名詞state應(yīng)用形容詞，故填relaxing。
7．which　考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾指物的先行詞sound sleep，且在從句中作主語，故用which引導(dǎo)。
8．saying　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 空處作介詞about的賓語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。
9．whether　考查固定句型。此處為句型whether ...or not，意為“無論是……還是……”。
10．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。give sth. a try表示“嘗試一下某事”，為固定短語。
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作
(2025·濟(jì)南模擬)假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Michael邀請(qǐng)你于下周一線上觀看他的成人儀式(coming-of-age ceremony)，但你無法應(yīng)邀。請(qǐng)你給他寫信告知，內(nèi)容包括：
1．表達(dá)歉意；　
2.說明理由。
精品課件·名師析題
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
Dear Michael，
Yours,
Li Hua
參考范文：
Dear Michael，
I hope this letter finds you well.I am extremely grateful for your inviting me to attend your school's coming-of-age ceremony online next Monday.
However, I regret to inform you that I won't be available at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it.Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.
Wish your coming-of-age ceremony a complete success.Looking forward to sharing more wonderful time together.
Yours,
Li Hua
課時(shí)作業(yè)(三)　讀后續(xù)寫講評(píng)訓(xùn)練
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
[1] The incident took place at Cheektowaga, a town in Erie County, New York, in the middle of a historic and dangerous snowstorm.I had gone out to visit my friend living in another county，but unfortunately, I got stuck and was unable to drive further.
精品課件·名師析題
[2] I fully realized how dangerous this would be as there was not enough gas left in the truck for me to get through the deadly snowstorm. The situation got even worse in such a place without any houses in sight.
[3] I stayed in my truck, calling for help anxiously but the weak signal didn't help me get connected.There was nothing I could do but wait.At midnight, there came a knock outside the truck.I opened the door and surprisingly found an old lady standing in the storm with just a thin coat, clearly not enough to survive the snowstorm. I invited her to get inside my truck at once.She told me in a weak voice that her name was Mary and her car broke down.She had walked a long way before finding my truck.
[4] Misfortune never came alone.Soon, we realized the air conditioner burned all the fuel in my truck and it was getting colder and colder inside the truck. Mary closed her eyes without saying a word, shaking in the corner.Considering Mary's condition, I decided to take action right now. Luckily, the navigation system of my truck still worked.And with the help of the navigation system, I noticed that a school was nearby.I decided to take shelter in the school. Since Mary was too weak to move, I carried her on my back, heading to the school.After ten minutes' struggle in the snow, we finally arrived, but found the school gate locked.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
I hesitated about what I should do.　
The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken.　
[寫作構(gòu)思指導(dǎo)]
一、讀文路徑(把握結(jié)構(gòu)主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關(guān)注伏筆照應(yīng)
伏筆1(句①)：暗示“我”會(huì)想辦法幫這位老人渡過難關(guān)。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示“我”的樂于助人會(huì)讓幸運(yùn)隨之而來。
伏筆3(句③)：暗示“我”一定會(huì)想辦法進(jìn)入學(xué)校。
3．構(gòu)思續(xù)寫內(nèi)容(運(yùn)用“5所”構(gòu)思)
第一段：
①What was the case of Mary (所見——接續(xù)首句)
②What did I do (根據(jù)原文伏筆3提出問題：所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
③How did I rescue Mary？(所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
④How did I feel？(所感——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤Why did the policeman come (所做——接續(xù)首句)
⑥What did the policeman do to help me and Mary (所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
⑦How did I feel (根據(jù)原文伏筆2提出問題：所感——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
⑧What lesson did I learn from the experience？(所感——故事結(jié)尾)
[邏輯潤(rùn)色成文]
一、寫好兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵語段
1．請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)“我”面對(duì)校門被鎖時(shí)采取行動(dòng)的場(chǎng)景。
I had no choice but to find a way to break into the school.Fortunately, with the help of one of the tools lying next to the gate, I managed to make it.I found the nearest classroom and laid Mary on one of the benches.I also found a pile of unused blankets and used them to wrap Mary up.
2．請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)合理的結(jié)尾。
As I waved goodbye to the policeman, I couldn't help but think about how lucky I was to have Mary's unexpected appearance that night.Without her, I might not have been able to survive the dangerous snowstorm.
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
I hesitated about what I should do.
Mary was still shaking and seemed to be in a worse condition.I had no choice but to find a way to break into the school. (對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆3)Fortunately, with the help of one of the tools lying next to the gate, I managed to make it.I found the nearest classroom and laid Mary on one of the benches.I also found a pile of unused blankets and used them to wrap Mary up.I felt satisfied that I had done everything I could to help her. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆1)
The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken.
He came in to investigate.When he entered the classroom, he found me and Mary still asleep, wrapped in blankets.He woke us up and asked if we needed any help.I gratefully accepted his offer to help pull my truck to the nearest gas station. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆2)I filled up my truck and made sure it had enough fuel to get me to my destination safely.And the policeman fixed Mary's car.As I waved goodbye to the
policeman, I couldn't help but think about how lucky I was to have Mary's unexpected appearance that night. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆2) Without her, I might not have been able to survive the dangerous snowstorm. (心理描寫)|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．medium n．(pl.media)　傳播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具
adj. 中等的，中號(hào)的
2．café n. 咖啡館，小餐館
3．blog n. 博客，網(wǎng)志
4．slave n. 奴隸
5．raft n. 木排，筏
6．basis n．(pl.bases) 基礎(chǔ)；原因；基準(zhǔn)
7．well-meaning adj. 出于好心的，善意的
8．death n. 死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)
9．wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒
二、核心單詞(書寫準(zhǔn))
1．a(chǎn)wkward adj.　　　局促不安的；令人尷尬的；
難對(duì)付的；笨拙的
2．sight n. 視野；視力；看見
3．horrible adj. 令人震驚的；可惡的，極壞的
4．chat vi.& n. 聊天，閑聊
5．judge vt.& vi. 評(píng)價(jià)，(尤指)批評(píng)；判斷，認(rèn)為
n. 法官；裁判員
6．case n. 具體情況，事例；案件；容器
7．definitely adv. 肯定，確實(shí)；確切地
8．trick vt. 欺騙，欺詐
n. 詭計(jì)，花招；戲法
9．misunderstand vt.& vi. 　 誤解，誤會(huì)
10．contact vt.& n. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)
11．generous adj. 寬宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的
12．shallow adj. 膚淺的，淺薄的；淺的
13．theme n. 主題；主旋律
14．opinion n．意見，看法；(群體的)觀點(diǎn)，信仰
15．quality n. 品德，素質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；特征
adj. 優(yōu)質(zhì)的，高質(zhì)量的
16．efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的
17．extra adj. 額外的，分外的，附加的
adv. 額外，另外；特別，格外
18．measure vt. 估量，判定；測(cè)量
n. 措施；衡量
19．seek vi. 試圖；尋找；爭(zhēng)取
vt. 尋求；尋找
20．escape vi.& vt. 逃脫，躲避；逃跑；
避開，避免；被遺忘
n. 逃離，逃脫
21．joy n. 高興，愉快；令人高興的人
(或事)，樂趣
22．moment n. 時(shí)光，時(shí)機(jī)；瞬間；某個(gè)時(shí)刻
23．indeed adv. 其實(shí)，實(shí)際上；的確；真正地
24．thorough adj. 徹底的，全面的；仔細(xì)的
25．crowd n. 一伙人，一幫人；人群
vt. 擠滿，使擁擠
vi. 聚集；擠，涌
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．origin 　 　n．　　　起源
original adj. 起初的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；原作的
originally adv. 最初；原先
2．recover vi. 恢復(fù)健康；恢復(fù)常態(tài)
vt. 全額收回；尋回；恢復(fù)
recovery n. 改善；恢復(fù)
3．respond vi.& vt. 回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
response n. 回復(fù)；反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
4．lose v. 丟失；失去
loss n. 失去，喪失；虧損；去世；損失
5．a(chǎn)pology n. 道歉，致歉
apologize vi. 道歉，謝罪
6．behave vi. 表現(xiàn)，舉止
behaviour n. 行為，舉止，態(tài)度
7．frank adj. 坦率的，直率的
frankly adv. 坦率地
8．ignore vt. 忽視，對(duì)……不予理會(huì)
ignorant adj. 無知的
ignorance n. 無知
9．suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；變差 vt.遭受，蒙受
suffering n. 受苦；苦難
10．explode vi.(憤怒等感情)爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)；爆炸 vt.使爆炸
explosion n. 爆炸；爆炸聲
11．respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重視
respectful adj. 有禮貌的；恭敬的
respectable adj. 體面的；令人尊敬的
12．reflect v. 映射；反射；思考
reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映
13．benefit n. 優(yōu)勢(shì)，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
14．comfort vt. 寬慰，撫慰 n．舒服；安慰
comfortable 　　adj. 自在的；舒適的
uncomfortable 　　adj. 不舒服的；不舒適的
15．fail v. 失敗
failure n．失敗；失敗的人(或事)；未履行；故障
16．recognize vt. 承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
recognition n. 認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)出
17．company n. 陪伴，作伴；公司
accompany vt. 陪伴；為……伴奏
companion n. 伙伴；伴侶；同伴
18．poem n. 詩(shī)
poet n. 詩(shī)人
poetry n. 詩(shī)(總稱)；詩(shī)意
19．a(chǎn)dmire vt. 欽佩；欣賞
admiration n. 敬佩；欽佩；羨慕
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．各種各樣的“聯(lián)系”
①contact　　　　　　　 ②associate
③link ④relate
⑤combine ⑥connect
2．變化多端的“性格”
①generous 慷慨的
②intelligent 聰明的
③considerate 體貼的
④confident 自信的
⑤gentle 溫柔的
⑥calm 鎮(zhèn)靜的
3．真摯誠(chéng)懇的“道歉”
①apologize to sb.for sth.
②I'm sorry for ...
③say sorry to sb.for sth.
④Excuse me for ...
4．五花八門的“方法”
①measure n. 方法；措施
②way n. 方式，手段
③manner n. 方式，態(tài)度
④means n. 方法，手段
⑤approach n. 方法，途徑
⑥method n. 方法，方式
|背|短|語|
1．on the rocks　　　　(關(guān)系)陷于困境，瀕臨崩潰
2．out of one's sight 脫離某人的視線
3．make it 能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；獲得成功
4．a(chǎn)t a loss 不知所措，困惑
5．in the wrong 有錯(cuò)，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
6．in any case 無論如何，不管怎樣
7．let go of 放棄，摒棄；松手，放開
8．count on 依賴，依靠，指望
9．eat away at 腐蝕，侵蝕，逐漸破壞
10．come between ...and ... 　　損害……之間的關(guān)系，
　　離間；妨礙
11．in person 親自，親身
12．high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、
最好)的部分
13．through thick and thin 　不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻，同甘共苦
14．in one's opinion 在某人看來
15．get over 克服；恢復(fù)常態(tài)
16．bring out 使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出
17．smooth out 消除(問題)，克服(困難)
18．be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事
19．take on 呈現(xiàn)，具有
20．in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學(xué)高級(jí)句式
1．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.(whether ...or ...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
不論是去上學(xué)、做作業(yè)，還是周末出去玩兒，我們倆幾乎形影不離。
2．I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork ...[have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困難”]
我能看得出蒂姆在平衡他的項(xiàng)目和作業(yè)方面有困難……
3．Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me.(even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
蒂姆是我應(yīng)該盡最大努力幫助的人，即使這意味著我要做更多的工作。
二、背主題佳句，學(xué)出彩表達(dá)
單元主題：友誼
1．Friendship plays an important part in our studies, work and everyday life.
友誼在我們的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和日常生活中起著重要作用。
2．As friends we should trust each other and share joys and sorrows together.
作為朋友，我們應(yīng)該互相信任，同甘共苦。
3．To gain sincere friends, one must treat them sincerely when associating with others.
與人交往，待人以至誠(chéng)，才能換取真摯的友誼。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：人物描寫之性格描寫
When I felt strong enough to get dressed and go downstairs, Diana and Mary looked after me very kindly, and made me feel welcome in their pleasant home. Their brother, however, seemed strict and cold. He was between twenty-eight and thirty, fair-haired and extremely handsome. Diana and Mary were curious about my past, but sensitive enough to avoid asking questions which would hurt me. St John, on the other hand, made determined efforts to discover who I was, but I, just as firmly, refused to explain more than necessary.
當(dāng)我感覺身體還行，能穿衣、下樓時(shí)，戴安娜和瑪麗悉心地照料我，在她們溫馨的家里，讓我感到受她們歡迎。不過她們的哥哥顯得嚴(yán)厲、冷淡。他年齡二十八、三十歲之間，淺色的頭發(fā)，人相當(dāng)帥氣。戴安娜和瑪麗對(duì)我的過去很好奇，但也很敏感，避而不問會(huì)傷害我的問題。另一方面，她們的哥哥圣約翰下定決心要弄清我的身份，但我態(tài)度堅(jiān)定，拒絕作過多解釋。
高分悟道 本段中使用了多個(gè)描寫性格的詞語，如“kindly, curious, sensitive”，形象地刻畫出了戴安娜和瑪麗的和善和體貼周到；“strict and cold, determined”表明了哥哥(圣約翰)的嚴(yán)厲、冷淡和固執(zhí)；“firmly”則突出了“我”的堅(jiān)定。
高分有招 常見的與“性格描寫”相關(guān)的高分詞塊有：a short temper　　　　　急性子a strong will 堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志a difficult person 一個(gè)不好相處的人lack self-confidence 缺乏自信with pleasant personality 性格和善
　本部分內(nèi)容見《課前默寫本》P553
一、變形詞匯——　
1．Many buildings on the campus are his 　　　　　　 (origin) creations.
2．You should 　　　　　　 (apology) to her for blaming her wrongly.
3．Please arrive early for better seats and write an article about your comments and 　　　　　　 (reflect) after watching.
4．It's bad 　　　　　　 (behave) for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
5．You should wear a pair of 　　　　　　 (comfort) sneakers that fit very well because we will do a lot of walking.
6．　　　　　　 (frank) speaking, it is difficult for me to make out what he is saying.
7．I was conducting a chemistry experiment when there was a sudden power 　　　　　　 (fail)．
8．Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally made a 　　　　　　 (recover) from it.
易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)
1．frankly speaking意為“坦白說”，通常置于句首作狀語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立成分，不受句子主語和時(shí)態(tài)的影響。類似用法的還有：honestly speaking“說實(shí)話”， generally speaking“一般而言”， exactly speaking“確切地說”；strictly speaking“嚴(yán)格地說”等。
2．當(dāng)failure表示抽象概念“失敗”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，表示具體的“失敗的事”或“失敗者”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。
3．make a recovery from ...意為“從……中恢復(fù)過來”，可替換為recover from。
二、重點(diǎn)詞匯——　
1．respond vi.& vt.回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)
①Their responses 　　　　　　 the questions reflected their true belief.
②　　　　　 response to everyone's request, an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school.
③Voluntary service teaches me how to respond 　　　　　　 different people.
④(動(dòng)作描寫)I smiled and nodded to him but 　.
我微笑著向他點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，但他沒有作出任何回應(yīng)。
(1)respond to　　答復(fù)……；對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)
(2)response n. 回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)；回答
in response to 對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)
make a response to 對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/回答
2．judge vt.&vi.評(píng)價(jià)，(尤指)批評(píng)；判斷，認(rèn)為n.法官；裁判員
①(名言警句)As the old saying goes, “__________.”
俗話說：“不要以貌取人。”
②(話題寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù))________________________，
people are increasingly anxious about air and water pollution.
從調(diào)查的結(jié)果可以判斷，人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注空氣污染和水污染問題。
(1)judging by/from　 從……判斷
as far as sb.can judge 據(jù)某人判斷
(2)judgement n. 判斷力；看法
in one's judgement 據(jù)某人判斷
3.case n．具體情況，事例；案件；容器
①　　　　　　 is often the case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
②The cost may be higher than we first thought, but 　　　　　 any case it will still be quite satisfying.
③He learned from his parents that he should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.
→He learned from his parents that 　　　　　　　　　　　 that goes against the interests of people.(升級(jí)為倒裝句)
in any case　　無論如何，不管怎樣
in this/that case 既然這樣/那樣
in no case 決不(置于句首時(shí)， 主句要用部分倒裝)
in case 以防(萬一)
in case of ...萬一……；如果發(fā)生……
as is often the case 　　這是常有的事
4．respect vt.尊重，尊敬；遵守n.尊敬，敬意；重視；方面；問候
①He is an honest man and ready to help others, 　　　　　　 which I respect him.
②A man of virtue will be bound to show respect 　　　　　 the old.
③(話題寫作之校園生活)　，
I once won the first prize in the spoken English contest in our school.
就英語口語而言，我曾在我們學(xué)校的英語口語競(jìng)賽中獲得過一等獎(jiǎng)。
④(2023·全國(guó)甲卷書面表達(dá))Lin Zexu 　
due to the great contributions he made to our society.
林則徐因其對(duì)社會(huì)的巨大貢獻(xiàn)而贏得了中國(guó)人民的尊敬。
(1)respect sb. for sth.因某事而尊重某人
(2)have/show respect for ... 對(duì)……表示敬意
win the respect of 贏得……的尊重
give/send one's respects to 代某人向……問候
with respect to/in respect of 關(guān)于；就……而言
5．benefit n．優(yōu)勢(shì)，益處，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于
①(感謝信)I'm writing this letter to express our gratitude to you, for we have benefited a lot 　　　　　　 the lecture you delivered last week.
②(話題寫作之網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技)事實(shí)上，我們從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展中受益匪淺。(一句多譯)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(benefit vt.)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(benefit n．)
→As a matter of fact, the rapid development of the Internet 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(beneficial adj.)
(1)be of great benefit to對(duì)……大有裨益
for the benefit of 為了……的利益
to one's benefit 對(duì)某人有利
(2)benefit from/by 得益于
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
be beneficial to對(duì)……有益/有利
6．recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
①I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond 　　　　　　 (recognize)．
②(2023·全國(guó)甲卷書面表達(dá))Because of his outstanding achievements, he 　　　　　　　　　 the representative figure in this field.
因?yàn)樗艹龅某删?，他被公認(rèn)為是這一領(lǐng)域的代表人物。
③(話題寫作之海洋保護(hù)) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 protecting oceans from being polluted is of great urgency.
人們普遍認(rèn)為保護(hù)海洋免受污染刻不容緩。
(1)recognize ...as/to be ...認(rèn)為……是……
recognize that ... 承認(rèn)……
It is recognized that ...
人們認(rèn)識(shí)到……
(2)recognition n. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)可
beyond recognition　無法辨認(rèn)
三、重點(diǎn)短語——　
1．make it能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；獲得成功
①(主旨升華句)“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”；as long as you have a dream, keep trying 　　　　　　　　　　， too.
“世上無難事，只怕有心人”；只要你有夢(mèng)想，堅(jiān)持嘗試，你也會(huì)成功。
②(環(huán)境描寫)By the light of the moon I could just 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
借著月光，我只能分辨出物體的形狀和輪廓。
③(細(xì)節(jié)描寫)Inspired by the speech, the little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to study even harder.
受到演講的激勵(lì)，小女孩下定決心更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。
make up for　　彌補(bǔ)；償還
make sense 有道理；有意義
make out 理解；辨認(rèn)清楚
make up 組成
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定決心(做某事)
make use of 利用
2．count on依賴，依靠，指望
①(語言描寫)He stared at me, “You can 　　　　　　　　　 in case of difficulty.”
他注視著我說，“遇到困難時(shí)，你可以指望我來幫忙。”
②(動(dòng)作、語言描寫)With her eyes resting on the list, she shrugged, “　　　　　　　　　　， I guess.”
她的目光停留在名單上，她聳了聳肩說：“我想你可以算我一個(gè)?！?br/>③(語言描寫)“You can 　　　　　　　　　　 I can finish the work on time，” he said firmly.
“你可以相信我會(huì)按時(shí)完成工作，”他堅(jiān)定地說。
count down (to sth.)　倒計(jì)時(shí)
count sb.in把某人算入；包括某人
count on sb.to do/doing sth.
指望某人做某事
count on it that ... 相信……，指望……
名師指津：count on后應(yīng)先加it再接從句。類似用法的還有rely on、 depend on以及l(fā)ike、 dislike、 hate、 appreciate等。
四、一詞多義——　
1.①In China, respecting the old people is a virtue everyone should have.　_____②This proposal given by our tutor is really excellent in all respects. _____　　?、跧'm sorry I can't come up to your home.Give my respects to your parents.　 _____④Sport teaches young people to respect the rules, not only of sport but of society. _____ 1.respectA．vt.尊重，尊敬B．vt.遵守C．n.尊敬，敬意D．n.重視E．n.方面F．n.問候
2.①Thousands of people have crowded into the small town to make a fortune. _____②When the performance ended, the crowd erupted into cheers. _____③When he saw the picture, memories from high school crowded his mind. _____ 2.crowdA．n.人群，觀眾B．vt.擠滿，塞滿C．vi.聚集，涌進(jìn)
3.①Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day.　 _____　?、贖e is willing to take on the challenging task on behalf of the whole team. _____③Our factory will take on twenty more workers to expand its production.　 _____　　 3.take onA．承擔(dān)B．呈現(xiàn)C．雇用
數(shù)智賦能 隨堂訓(xùn)練—用單元所學(xué)知識(shí)補(bǔ)全語段
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (說明：文中加黑詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2024·九省聯(lián)考·閱讀理解D篇)For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格)．Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy.In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules.That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying.What's making him so sad？”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”)．When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”)．
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words — not fists — to express how they feel.It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime.Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed.
[真題評(píng)價(jià)]
1．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior？(　 )
A．They are interested in acting.
B．They are shy with the strangers.
C．They are fond of their playmates.
D．They are tired of playing games.
2．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids？(　 )
A．Design games for them.
B．Find them suitable playmates.
C．Play together with them.
D．Help them understand social rules.
3．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4？(　 )
A．Giving examples.
B．Explaining concepts.
C．Providing evidence.
D．Making comparisons.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　 )
A．How Children Adapt to Changes
B．How to Be a Role Model for Children
C．How Your Baby Learns to Love
D．How to Communicate with Your Kid
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，采用了“一般—特殊”型的語篇模式，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—分”。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列黑體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.　　　　　　　　
②That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.　　　　　　　　
③(轉(zhuǎn)化詞)Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed.　　　　　　　　
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①relate to sb.　　　　　　　 ______________
②regardless of 　　　______________　　　　　
③take an active role in 　______________　　　　　　　
④set limits 　　　　______________　　　　
⑤be mindful of 　　　______________　　　　　
⑥make comparisons 　______________　　　　　　　
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.
抓標(biāo)志：連接詞______________；“the ＋______________　，the ＋______________”
判類型：復(fù)合句→主句＋that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
試翻譯：研究表明，孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)建立積極的人際關(guān)系，他們?cè)谇嗌倌旰统赡陼r(shí)就越善于與他人建立聯(lián)系。
由教材典句，學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)　
句式1　whether ...or ...
|解|讀|規(guī)|則|
(1)whether ...or ...既可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，意為“不管是……還是……，不論……還是……”。
(2)whether or not意為“無論，是否”。
(3)whether to do sth.(or not)意為“是否做某事”，為“引導(dǎo)詞＋to do”形式，常用來作動(dòng)詞賓語。
|習(xí)|練|規(guī)|則|　(變換句式)
①Whether you succeed or fail, I'll always be on your side.
→Whether 　　　　　　　　　　　　， I'll always be on your side.
②It's up to you to decide whether we will get aboard the glass-bottomed walkway.
→It's up to you to decide ____________________________.
|應(yīng)|用|寫|美|
③(倡議書)任何人，無論他是官員還是公交車司機(jī)，都應(yīng)得到同等的尊重。
Anyone, 　_________________________，
should be equally respected.
④(動(dòng)作描寫)我把我的杰作拿給媽媽看，并問她有沒有被我的畫嚇到。
I showed my masterpiece to my mother, and asked her _______________.
句式2　even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
|解|讀|規(guī)|則|
(1)even if“盡管，即使”用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可用even though替換；
(2)even if/though所引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。若主、從句主語相同或從句的主語是it，且從句謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則可采用省略結(jié)構(gòu)；
(3)even if/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，既可用虛擬語氣，也可以用陳述語氣。
|習(xí)|練|規(guī)|則|　(單句寫作)
①I'll do it, _______________________　.
我要做這件事，即使它將花去我整個(gè)下午的時(shí)間。
②___________________　， he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不會(huì)放棄夢(mèng)想。
③Even if every large city 　　　　　　　　　， we would not have enough yet.
即使每個(gè)大城市都對(duì)水進(jìn)行再利用，我們的水資源依然不夠。
|應(yīng)|用|寫|美|
④(話題寫作之親子關(guān)系)父母應(yīng)該給孩子表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的機(jī)會(huì)，即使這些觀點(diǎn)與他們的看法不同。
Parents should give the children chances to voice their opinions 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤(人物描寫)即使不得不整晚熬夜，Melia也決心解決這個(gè)案子。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， Melia was determined to solve the case.
建構(gòu)語義場(chǎng)，豐富語料庫(kù)　
子語境(一)　結(jié)交好友
1．a(chǎn) close friend　　　　　　密友
2．the popular girl 受歡迎的女孩
3．a(chǎn)n awkward primary school student
一個(gè)拘謹(jǐn)?shù)男W(xué)生
4．be willing to make friends with sb.
樂意和某人交朋友
5．help sb.out of an embarrassing situation
幫助某人擺脫尷尬境地
6．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.
不論是去上學(xué)、做作業(yè)，還是周末出去玩兒，我們倆幾乎形影不離。
子語境(二)　友情危機(jī)
1．a(chǎn) complete lie　　　　　　　徹頭徹尾的謊話
2．be tricked by sb. 被某人欺騙
3．ignore your feelings 不在乎你的感受
4．make you suffer 讓你難過
5．let go of our friendship 放棄我們的友誼
6．explode with anger 勃然大怒
7．have an argument with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
8．But last Saturday, she broke my heart, and I'm still picking up the pieces.
但是上周六，她讓我傷心了，我到現(xiàn)在還在收拾心情。
子語境(三)　化解矛盾
1．be worth saving　　　　　值得挽回
2．be quick to judge sb. 急著給某人下結(jié)論
3．in the wrong 有錯(cuò)，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
4．talk to her face to face 面對(duì)面和她談?wù)?br/>5．have a full and frank talk with her
和她深入、坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)?br/>6．a(chǎn) simple explanation for her behaviour
對(duì)她行為的簡(jiǎn)單解釋
7．be tolerant and brave enough to forgive each other
寬容并勇敢地原諒對(duì)方
8．Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel.
聽聽她怎么說，你也一定要說出自己的感受。
子語境(四) 友誼的真諦
1．respect and support the choices he makes
尊重和支持他做的選擇
2．encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties 鼓勵(lì)他采取行動(dòng)克服這些困難
3．help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves
幫助我們達(dá)成我們?yōu)樽约涸O(shè)立的目標(biāo)
4．Friends are the ones who you can trust and count on.　朋友是你可以信任和依賴的人。
5．Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
朋友要謹(jǐn)慎選擇，友情需用心經(jīng)營(yíng)。
6．With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure.
與真正的朋友，我們可以毫無顧忌、毫無保留地分享我們的歡樂和悲傷。
7．More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
通常，親密的友情能幫助我們踏平時(shí)而坎坷卻又注定要經(jīng)過的道路。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟　
(一)應(yīng)用單元所學(xué)補(bǔ)全語段(黑體字為單元詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn))
Friendship is important to all of us.But if your friendship was ①　　　　　　　　　　　(陷入困境), what should you do
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我認(rèn)為), it is a good idea to think your behaviour through.③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (如果你有錯(cuò)), you'd better ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (向你的朋友道歉)．If it is your friends' fault, or they misunderstand you, you should find an opportunity ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (親自和他們深入而坦率地談?wù)?．Besides, if your friends suffer a great loss or a big failure, try your best to comfort them and make them know that you will always stand by them and help them in full measure.
In a word, ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　 (患難見真情)．May all of us treasure friendship.
(二)主題語段的細(xì)節(jié)描寫訓(xùn)練
1．朋友相處
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (Jenny是我的密友，我們幾乎形影不離)．She is ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一個(gè)我可以信任和依賴的人)．Of course, ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我們也會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵)．But deep down, we both know all the argument is just about helping us to grow into a better individual instead of enemies.④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我們都學(xué)會(huì)了寬容和勇敢地諒解對(duì)方)．
2．化解矛盾
Blushed, she broke the silence, “I am sorry again.①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我不是故意讓你難過的)．” Tears streaming down, she continued, “②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)向你道歉)．” I stood up and reached out to hug her.“I am sorry, too.I should have been more generous.” We both promised we would first ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (彼此深入、坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)? next time we had disagreements.
3．感悟友情
I stood there with Sarah's gift in my hands and ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我心里空蕩蕩的)．There was a handwritten greeting card and a pair of gloves knitted by Sarah herself in the box.Sarah wrote in her card that winter was coming and she hoped the gloves would bring warmth to me.②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 (我很感動(dòng)，也很羞愧)．It was at that moment that I realized that ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (盡管我經(jīng)常忽視她的感受), she would always hold out her hand whenever I needed her.This is a true friendship ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我將用余生珍藏)．
UNIT 3　Getting along with others
[課堂學(xué)案·過詞匯關(guān)]
一、變形詞匯
1．original　2.apologize　3.reflections　4.behaviour
5．comfortable　6.Frankly　7.failure　8.recovery
二、重點(diǎn)詞匯
1．①to　②In?、踭o?、躧e didn't make any response
2．①You can't judge a book by/from its cover
②Judging from/by the result of the survey
3．①As?、趇n?、踚n no case should he do anything
4．①for　②for?、踂ith respect to/In respect of spoken English
④won the respect of Chinese people
5．①from?、赽enefits us greatly; is of great benefit to us;
is greatly beneficial to us
6．①recognition　②is recognized as/to be
③It is widely recognized that
三、重點(diǎn)短語
1．①and you'll make it　②make out shapes and outlines of stuff
③made up her mind
2．①count on me to help?、赮ou can count me in
③count on it that
四、一詞多義
1．①A　②E?、跢?、蹷　2.①C　②A　③B
3．①B　②A?、跜
[遷移應(yīng)用·過閱讀關(guān)]
[真題評(píng)價(jià)]
[價(jià)值導(dǎo)向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在幼兒時(shí)期，友誼對(duì)兒童社交能力的發(fā)展的重要性，并探討了幼兒表達(dá)友誼的方式和可能出現(xiàn)的問題。同時(shí)，文章還提供了一些建議和方法，幫助家長(zhǎng)在幼兒社交互動(dòng)中發(fā)揮積極作用，培養(yǎng)他們的同情心和表達(dá)能力，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。文章旨在提醒家長(zhǎng)要及時(shí)地培養(yǎng)孩子幼兒時(shí)期的友誼，幫助孩子形成健康積極的社會(huì)關(guān)系。
1．選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In addition ...a friend's behavior.”可知，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子模仿玩伴的行為說明他們喜歡自己的玩伴。
2．選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Through play experiences ...behind them.”可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)在孩子的社交生活中設(shè)定限制，并且經(jīng)常提醒孩子這些限制，也就是社交規(guī)則，幫助孩子理解社交規(guī)則。
3．選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，這些引用是通過舉例說明這三個(gè)建議：幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情、如何解決問題以及贊揚(yáng)孩子，故選A項(xiàng)。
4．選C　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容、第三段中的“Through play experiences ...what they are.”以及最后一段中的“Another way to ...to express how they feel.”可知，本文主要講的是家長(zhǎng)如何幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)愛，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。
[語篇精讀]
二、1.①adv.顯著地　②n.相遇?、踲.安排
2．①與某人建立聯(lián)系，理解某人　②不管?、墼凇衅鸱e極作用
④設(shè)定限制?、葑⒁?，留心?、拮鞅容^
三、that; 比較級(jí)； 比較級(jí)
[發(fā)展提升·過表達(dá)關(guān)]
由教材典句，學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)
[句式1]?、賧ou succeed or not
②whether to get aboard the glass bottomed walkway
③whether he is an official or a bus driver
④whether the drawing frightened her or not
[句式2]　①even if/though it takes me all the afternoon
②Even if/though (he is) laughed at　③reused its water
④even if/though they are different from theirs
⑤Even if/though she had to stay up all night
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)①on the rocks ?、贗n my opinion?、跧f you are in the wrong
④apologize to your friends
⑤to have a full and frank chat with them in person
⑥a friend in need is a friend indeed
(二)1.①Jenny is my close friend and we're hardly out of each other's sight　②the one who I can trust and count on
③we had arguments from time to time?、躓e both learned to be tolerant and brave enough to forgive each other
2．①I didn't mean to make you suffer
②I should have apologized to you earlier
③have a full and frank talk with each other
3．①an empty feeling in my heart
②I was so moved and ashamed
③although I often ignored her feelings
④that I will treasure for the rest of my life
22 / 22必修1　UNIT 3　課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)　語言技能綜合訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·沈陽模擬)The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self managing team.The __1__ allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and __2__ a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.Here is their story on what they do to __3__ as a team.
This team __4__ eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas.Their working __5__ were not the best.During the night when I __6__ them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and __7__ that, they worked from 12：00 p．m. to 8：00 a．m.Their __8__ was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible __9__， which most people can't stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to __10__ their secrets.So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (協(xié)調(diào)) with each other, and we have a great __11__ of team spirit, believe in our __12__， and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things.We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company.They were described as “__13__” compared to other 156 teams.They were motivated by the positive attention, and the __14__ that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other.This team has stayed __15__ and self directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”．
1．A.leader　　　 　　　　　B．learner
C．waiter D．customer
2．A.defend against B．look into
C．leave out D．serve as
3．A.set out B．stand out
C．work out D．run out
4．A.accounts for B．concentrates on
C．consists of D．cares about
5．A.conditions B．habits
C．states D．a(chǎn)ttitudes
6．A.bothered B．reminded
C．trained D．observed
7．A.far from B．in return for
C．a(chǎn)part from D．in case of
8．A.pay B．mood
C．diet D．rent
9．A.delivery B．smell
C．quality D．shape
10．A.compare B．uncover
C．a(chǎn)djust D．keep
11．A.taste B．bite
C．review D．sense
12．A.limitation B．prejudice
C．purpose D．complaint
13．A.special B．normal
C．hesitant D．ridiculous
14．A.pity B．security
C．pride D．tense
15．A.self centered B．self employed
C．self funded D．self driven
Ⅱ.語法填空
We all know that forgiving yourself and others can bring you peace of mind.Recently, a new study published in the journal Psychology and Health __1__ (find) that forgiveness may help you sleep well, too.Researchers led by Luther College psychology professor Loren Toussaint surveyed nearly 1,500 American adults to rate how likely they were __2__ (forgive) both themselves for their own mistakes and others for hurting them.Then the participants were asked quite a few questions over their sleep quality, life __3__ (satisfy), and overall physical health.Their findings show that people who were forgiving slept much __4__ (well) at night, and, in turn, were happier and healthier than those who went to bed __5__ anger.
The results led the researchers to conclude that forgiveness of others and self forgiveness may help create a __6__ (relax) mental state that supports sound sleep, __7__ is connected with better health.Of course, forgiving yourself or someone else isn't always easy.According to Karen Swartz, a doctor of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, it is about more than just __8__ (say) the words.
“It is an active process in which you make a decision to let go of negative feelings __9__ the person deserves it or not，” Swartz explains.
So, next time you can't sleep at night, why not give forgiveness __10__ try It's certain that it can make you feel better the next day.
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作精品課件·名師析題
(2025·濟(jì)南模擬)假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Michael邀請(qǐng)你于下周一線上觀看他的成人儀式(coming of age ceremony)，但你無法應(yīng)邀。請(qǐng)你給他寫信告知，內(nèi)容包括：
1．表達(dá)歉意；
2．說明理由。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
Dear Michael，
　
　
Yours,
Li Hua
課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自身的經(jīng)歷說明了團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的秘訣。
1．選A　根據(jù)空前一句以及空后的“allows the members on the team to establish teamwork”可推測(cè)，空處指的是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者(leader)允許團(tuán)隊(duì)成員建立團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。
2．選D　根據(jù)空后的“a communication channel”可知，這是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該擔(dān)當(dāng)(serve as)的角色。
3．選B　根據(jù)空處上文可知，這支團(tuán)隊(duì)非常成功，由此可知，空處指的是脫穎而出(stand out)。
4．選C　根據(jù)空后的“eighteen members”以及句意可知，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)由18名成員組成。consist of“由……組成”。
5．選A　根據(jù)下文語境可知，他們的工作條件(conditions)并不是很好。
6．選D　根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者親自跟進(jìn)了這個(gè)成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)，由此可知，作者是在觀察(observed)他們的工作。
7．選C　根據(jù)空處所在句可知他們不僅做著又熱又臟的工作，而且從晚上12點(diǎn)一直工作到早上8點(diǎn)。apart from“除……以外”。
8．選A　根據(jù)下文語境以及上文所說的工作條件差可推測(cè)，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的薪酬(pay)也并不是最好的。
9．選B　根據(jù)上文“a hot and dirty job ”以及下文“which most people can't stand”可推測(cè)，這些產(chǎn)品還會(huì)發(fā)出難聞的氣味(smell)。
10．選B　根據(jù)下文“So I was looking for answers.”可知，作者想要揭開(uncover)該團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的秘密。
11．選D　根據(jù)上文“we are in tune with each other”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)每個(gè)人都很協(xié)調(diào)，由此可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)擁有團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神。sense of team spirit“團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神”。
12．選C　根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的原因是擁有目標(biāo)(purpose)，所以有自驅(qū)力，不需要正式的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也可以進(jìn)行運(yùn)營(yíng)。
13．選A　根據(jù)上文語境可知，他們團(tuán)隊(duì)和其他156支隊(duì)伍并不相同，因此他們是特別的(special)。
14．選C　根據(jù)空后的“that went along with being the best”及常識(shí)可知，成為最好的團(tuán)隊(duì)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種自豪(pride)感。
15．選D　根據(jù)第一段以及空后“self directed”可推測(cè)，空處指的是能夠自我管理，自我驅(qū)動(dòng)(self driven)。
Ⅱ.語法填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最近，發(fā)表在《心理學(xué)與健康》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，寬恕也可以幫助你睡得更好。
1．has found　考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填謂語動(dòng)詞；由“Recently”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因find與單數(shù)主語a new study之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填has found。
2．to forgive　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)be likely to do sth.，表示“有可能做某事”。
3．satisfaction　考查名詞。 分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞，與上文的“quality”及下文的“health”并列作介詞的賓語，且satisfaction表“滿意”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填satisfaction。
4．better　考查副詞比較級(jí)。由下文“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞比較級(jí)。
5．in　考查介詞。in anger表示“憤怒地”，為固定短語。
6．relaxing　考查形容詞。修飾名詞state應(yīng)用形容詞，故填relaxing。
7．which　考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾指物的先行詞sound sleep，且在從句中作主語，故用which引導(dǎo)。
8．saying　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 空處作介詞about的賓語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。
9．whether　考查固定句型。此處為句型whether ...or not，意為“無論是……還是……”。
10．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。give sth. a try表示“嘗試一下某事”，為固定短語。
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作(參考范文)
Dear Michael，
I hope this letter finds you well.I am extremely grateful for your inviting me to attend your school's coming of age ceremony online next Monday.
However, I regret to inform you that I won't be available at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it.Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.
Wish your coming of age ceremony a complete success.Looking forward to sharing more wonderful time together.
Yours,
Li Hua
3 / 3必修1　UNIT 3　課時(shí)作業(yè)(三)　讀后續(xù)寫講評(píng)訓(xùn)練
精品課件·名師析題
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
[1] The incident took place at Cheektowaga, a town in Erie County, New York, in the middle of a historic and dangerous snowstorm.I had gone out to visit my friend living in another county，but unfortunately, I got stuck and was unable to drive further.
[2] I fully realized how dangerous this would be as there was not enough gas left in the truck for me to get through the deadly snowstorm. The situation got even worse in such a place without any houses in sight.
[3] I stayed in my truck, calling for help anxiously but the weak signal didn't help me get connected.There was nothing I could do but wait.At midnight, there came a knock outside the truck.I opened the door and surprisingly found an old lady standing in the storm with just a thin coat, clearly not enough to survive the snowstorm. I invited her to get inside my truck at once.She told me in a weak voice that her name was Mary and her car broke down.She had walked a long way before finding my truck.
[4] Misfortune never came alone.Soon, we realized the air conditioner burned all the fuel in my truck and it was getting colder and colder inside the truck. Mary closed her eyes without saying a word, shaking in the corner.Considering Mary's condition, I decided to take action right now. Luckily, the navigation system of my truck still worked.And with the help of the navigation system, I noticed that a school was nearby.I decided to take shelter in the school. Since Mary was too weak to move, I carried her on my back, heading to the school.After ten minutes' struggle in the snow, we finally arrived, but found the school gate locked.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
I hesitated about what I should do.　
　
The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken.　
　
[寫作構(gòu)思指導(dǎo)]
一、讀文路徑(把握結(jié)構(gòu)主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關(guān)注伏筆照應(yīng)
伏筆1(句①)：暗示“我”會(huì)想辦法幫這位老人渡過難關(guān)。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示“我”的樂于助人會(huì)讓幸運(yùn)隨之而來。
伏筆3(句③)：暗示“我”一定會(huì)想辦法進(jìn)入學(xué)校。
3．構(gòu)思續(xù)寫內(nèi)容(運(yùn)用“5所”構(gòu)思)
第一段：
①What was the case of Mary (所見——接續(xù)首句)
②What did I do (根據(jù)原文伏筆3提出問題：所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
③How did I rescue Mary？(所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
④How did I feel？(所感——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤Why did the policeman come (所做——接續(xù)首句)
⑥What did the policeman do to help me and Mary (所做——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
⑦How did I feel (根據(jù)原文伏筆2提出問題：所感——推進(jìn)情節(jié))
⑧What lesson did I learn from the experience？(所感——故事結(jié)尾)
[邏輯潤(rùn)色成文]
一、寫好兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵語段
1．請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)“我”面對(duì)校門被鎖時(shí)采取行動(dòng)的場(chǎng)景。
　
　
　
2．請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)合理的結(jié)尾。
　
　
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
I hesitated about what I should do.　
　
　
　
　
The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken.　
　
　
　
課時(shí)作業(yè)(三)
一、1.I had no choice but to find a way to break into the school.Fortunately, with the help of one of the tools lying next to the gate, I managed to make it.I found the nearest classroom and laid Mary on one of the benches.I also found a pile of unused blankets and used them to wrap Mary up.
2．As I waved goodbye to the policeman, I couldn't help but think about how lucky I was to have Mary's unexpected appearance that night.Without her, I might not have been able to survive the dangerous snowstorm.
二、　　I hesitated about what I should do. Mary was still shaking and seemed to be in a worse condition.I had no choice but to find a way to break into the school. (對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆3)Fortunately, with the help of one of the tools lying next to the gate, I managed to make it.I found the nearest classroom and laid Mary on one of the benches.I also found a pile of unused blankets and used them to wrap Mary up.I felt satisfied that I had done everything I could to help her. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆1)
The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken.He came in to investigate.When he entered the classroom, he found me and Mary still asleep, wrapped in blankets.He woke us up and asked if we needed any help.I gratefully accepted his offer to help pull my truck to the nearest gas station. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆2)I filled up my truck and made sure it had enough fuel to get me to my destination safely.And the policeman fixed Mary's car.As I waved goodbye to the policeman, I couldn't help but think about how lucky I was to have Mary's unexpected appearance that night. (心理描寫，對(duì)應(yīng)伏筆2) Without her, I might not have been able to survive the dangerous snowstorm. (心理描寫)
3 / 3必修1　UNIT 3　課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)　主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·大理模擬)When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me.I seek friends whose qualities illuminate (照亮) me and train me up for love.It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend.We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors.We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say, “Let's start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle.Then we would read them aloud.At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.He was in despair and I was in despair.But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at that time.We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted.We_gave_London_to_each_other.
For almost four years I have had a remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine.We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves.Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other's dreams.She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments, I often think, “Yes, I must tell ...，” though we have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kindness is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist, who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
1．In the eighth grade, what did the author do before developing proper social behaviors
A．Become serious about her study.
B．Go to her friend's house regularly.
C．Learn from her classmates at school.
D．Share poems and stories with her friend.
2．What does the underlined sentence “We gave London to each other” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us.
B．We were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London.
C．Our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared.
D．We parted with each other in London.
3．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ________.
A．seek professional help
B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend
D．break the silence
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．Unforgettable Experiences
B．Noble Companions
C．Remarkable Imagination
D．Lifelong Friendship
B
(2025·山東部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考)One day I typed into a chatbot all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays millions of people are already turning to specialist therapy (治療) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive mental health support.
Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of so called empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species' defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction.
One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their experience.
On the first point, in recent years, AI powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the empathiser's response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直覺的) awareness of an individual and their situation.
All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with the chatbot. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend.
5．What does the underlined word “boon” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Trap.　　　　　　　 B．Prize.
C．Blessing. D．Challenge.
6．What does the recent analysis show about empathy
A．It calls for clear communication.
B．It starts with emotion identification.
C．It rules out individual difference.
D．It depends on rich imagination.
7．What can AI do according to paragraph 4
A．Provide data driven feedback.
B．Recognize one's real desire.
C．Update large language models.
D．Predict one's behavior by intuition.
8．What does the author think of the chatbot
A．Its development should be sped up.
B．Its intelligence is winning more favor.
C．Its application should be strictly managed.
D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans'.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 精品課件·名師析題
(2025·安徽部分重點(diǎn)高中模擬)Phone call anxiety is on the rise, with a quarter of 18－24 year olds avoiding picking up the phone. __9__ The avoidance of phone calls isn't just a preference; it's a reflection of anxiety.The immediacy and directness of a phone call, without the ability to carefully respond as in text based communication, can be discouraging.
__10__ Even traditional forms of speaking can set off a release of oxytocin, which helps reduce social anxiety symptoms.However, in the absence of physical cues (提示) and the comfort of a known audience, phone calls can worsen these anxieties, making the experience feel more intense.
In face to face interactions, we rely heavily on gestures, facial expressions, and body language to interpret messages, which are absent in phone conversations.__11__
The fear of making and receiving phone calls can have negative effects on both your personal and professional lives.__12__ Although answering the phone and making calls may seem like a simple task that everyone should be able to do, suffering from phone call anxiety can be terrifying and real.
While it's understandable why phone calls can feel awkward in today's digital age, it's essential to recognize the value they hold in effective communication and relationship building.As we navigate this “phone anxiety pandemic”， it is crucial to encourage and relearn the art of phone conversation, balancing the ease of texting with the depth and authenticity of a real time voice call.__13__
A．This anxiety is not entirely new.
B．Who are reluctant to pick up phones
C．Why are we making fewer phone calls
D．It represents a sense of being separated.
E．Therefore, it is important to take phone anxiety seriously.
F．This can lead to misunderstandings and a feeling of disconnect.
G．This balance is key to establishing good relationships in increasingly digital world.
課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
[A]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己在人生的不同階段所遇到的幾個(gè)好朋友的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們朋友對(duì)于我們?nèi)松闹匾饬x。
1．選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句可知，在八年級(jí)的時(shí)候，作者在培養(yǎng)正確的社會(huì)行為之前所做的就是和她的朋友分享詩(shī)歌和故事。
2．選A　句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句上文可知，作者和朋友在倫敦時(shí)都很絕望，但他們一起探索倫敦，一起發(fā)現(xiàn)美好的事物，直到絕望的感覺消失了，這說明探索倫敦讓他們都很難忘。由此可推知，畫線句子的意思是：對(duì)倫敦的探索對(duì)作者和朋友來說都是一份難忘的禮物。
3．選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，在最黑暗的時(shí)刻，作者寧愿獨(dú)處。
4．選B　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段可知，作者通過講述自己在人生的不同階段所遇到的幾個(gè)好朋友的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們朋友對(duì)于我們?nèi)松闹匾饬x。結(jié)合最后一段中“It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.”可知，作者對(duì)companions(伙伴)進(jìn)行了高度評(píng)價(jià)。故B項(xiàng)“高尚的伙伴”適合作文章標(biāo)題。
[B]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AI聊天機(jī)器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及與人類真正同理心的差距。
5．選C　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后一句可知，這里提到人工智能因?yàn)椴皇軐擂魏推v的影響，可能在表達(dá)同理心上比人類更開放、不知疲倦，因此對(duì)于某些專家來說，這是人工智能在心理健康支持方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，是一件好事。由此可知，畫線詞意為“好事，益處”。
6．選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，關(guān)于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要條件是能夠識(shí)別另一個(gè)人的感受。
7．選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知，人工智能能夠識(shí)別我們的情感并作出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)，這是基于大量語言模型對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)測(cè)能力，即能夠提供數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的反饋。
8．選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句以及最后一段最后一句可知，作者在與多個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人交談后，最終還是選擇給朋友打電話尋求情感支持。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為它的人工善意無法與人類的相比。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了電話焦慮癥產(chǎn)生的原因、克服電話焦慮癥的重要性以及克服電話焦慮癥的方法。
9．選C　上文提到，電話焦慮癥正在上升，許多年輕人避免打電話；下文則闡述了人們不愿打電話的原因；C項(xiàng)“為什么我們打電話越來越少了？”針對(duì)上文的現(xiàn)象提出疑問，且下文的內(nèi)容是對(duì)這一問題的解答。
10．選A　根據(jù)下文特別是“phone calls can worsen these anxieties, making the experience feel more intense”可知，這種焦慮在傳統(tǒng)的交流方式中已經(jīng)存在，只不過打電話加劇了這些焦慮。故A項(xiàng)“這種焦慮并不完全是新的”符合語境。
11．選F　根據(jù)上文可知，電話交談中缺乏那種面對(duì)面交流時(shí)表情、手勢(shì)或者肢體語言對(duì)信息的提示與解釋；F項(xiàng)“這會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤解和疏離感”承接上文，解釋了結(jié)果。
12．選E　上文指出，對(duì)接打電話的恐懼會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和職業(yè)生活產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響；E項(xiàng)“因此，認(rèn)真對(duì)待電話焦慮癥很重要”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，符合語境。
13．選G　根據(jù)上文可知，在短信與實(shí)時(shí)語音通話之間取得平衡至關(guān)重要；G項(xiàng)“這種平衡是在日益數(shù)字化的世界中建立良好關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵”承接上文，闡述該平衡的重要作用。選項(xiàng)中的“This balance”與前一句中“balancing the ease of texting with the depth and authenticity of a real time voice call”相呼應(yīng)。
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