資源簡介

(共183張PPT)
目錄
CONTENTS
遷移應用—過閱讀關
03.
發展提升—過表達關
04.
自主學習—過識記關
01.
課堂學案—過詞匯關
02.
課下測評—過高考關
05.
1
自主學習—過識記關
|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．county n．　　　　　　 郡，縣
2．stair n. 樓梯；梯級
3．procedure n. 程序，步驟，手續
4．tsunami n. 海嘯
5．odd adj. 奇怪的，怪異的；偶爾的；不成對的
6．destructive adj. 引起破壞(或毀滅)的，破壞(或毀滅)性的
7．conference n. 會議，研討會；討論，商談
8．charity n. 慈善機構(或組織)；慈善，施舍；
仁愛，寬容
9．staff n. 全體職工；管理人員
vt. 在……工作，任職于
10．slide n. 幻燈片；降低；滑行；山崩
vi.& vt. 滑行；逐漸陷入
11．fund n. 資金；基金
12．document n. 文件，公文；(計算機中的)文檔
13．bar n. 酒吧；小館子；吧臺；條，塊；欄桿；障礙
vt. 封；阻擋；阻止
14．dawn n. 黎明，破曉；開端，萌芽
vi. 開始；開始清楚
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．disaster n．　　　　　 災難，災害；徹底失敗
2．crash n. 碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰
vi.& vt. 碰撞，撞擊；崩潰
3．signal vi.& vt. 發信號，示意；標志
n. 信號，暗號；標志；信號燈
4．exit vt.& vi. 出去，離去，退場；退出
n. 出口，通道；離開
5．roll n. 名單；卷；一管；翻滾
vi.& vt. 翻滾，滾動；翻身；卷起
6．hug vt. 擁抱，摟抱；抱緊
7．occur vi. 發生，出現；存在于
8．shock n. 震驚，驚愕；劇烈震動
vt. 使震驚
9．supply n. 補給，補給品；供應；供應量，儲備
vt. 供應，供給，提供
10．flood n. 洪水，水災；大量
vi.& vt. 淹沒，泛濫；大量涌入；充滿
11．downstairs adv. 在樓下，往樓下
n. 樓下
12．otherwise adv. 否則，不然；除此以外
13．curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的
14．unearth vt. 使出土，挖掘，發掘；發現，找到
15．destination n. 目的地，終點
16．beyond adv. 在(或向)較遠處，在另一邊
prep. 在(或向)更遠處；超出；
晚于；無法；超出……之外
17．rescue n．& vt. 救援，營救，搶救
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．injure vt. 　 　 傷害，使受傷；損害
injured adj. 受傷的；受損害的
injury n. 傷害；損害；受傷處
2．react vi. 反應；作出反應
reaction n. 反應，回應；抗拒；化學反應
3．order n. 順序；規則
orderly adj. 有秩序的，有條理的，整齊的
4．confirm vt. 證實，確認；使確信；批準
confirmation n. 確認；證實
5．relief n. 寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟
relieve vt. 減輕；緩解
6．inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
information n. 信息
7．scare vt.& vi. 驚嚇，害怕 n．恐慌；驚嚇
scared adj. 恐懼的；害怕的
scary adj. 恐怖的；可怕的
8．power n． 電，電力；權力；政權；控制力；
能力；能量；力量
powerful adj. 強大的；有感染力的
powerless adj. 無力的；沒有能力的
9．donate vt. 捐贈，贈送；獻(血)
donation n. 捐贈；捐獻
donor n. 捐贈者
10．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆發；突然發生
eruption n. (火山的)爆發；噴發
11．export n． 出口產品，輸出的產品；
出口，輸出 vt.出口，輸出
import n． 進口產品，輸入的產品；輸入
vt. 進口，引進
12．ash n. 灰
ashy adj. 覆蓋著灰的；灰色的
13．bear v. 忍受
bearable adj. 可忍受的；能應付的
unbearable adj. 難耐的，無法忍受的
14．distant adj. 遙遠的；冷淡的；疏遠的
distance n. 遙遠，久遠；距離；差異；疏遠
15．sharp adj. 靈敏的；鋒利的；急劇的；明顯的；
尖銳的；強烈的
sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使尖銳；變鋒利
sharpener n. 磨削的工具
16．locate vt. 找出……的準確位置；
把……安置在(或建造于)
located adj. 位于；坐落在
location n. 位置
17．retire vi.& vt. 退休，退職
retirement n. 退休
retired adj. 已退休的
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．程度不一的“傷害”　
①injure v．　　 傷害　　 ②wound v．　　 傷害
③hurt v. 受傷 ④damage v. 損害
⑤harm v. 傷害 ⑥impair v. 損害
⑦destroy v. 破壞；損壞
2．不同類型的“發生”　
①occur (偶然)發生
②happen (偶然)發生
③take place 發生
④break out (戰爭等)爆發
⑤come about 發生；產生
|背|短|語|
1．at large　　　　　　　 整個，全部
2．hold on to 抓緊，不放開；保存某物
3．at the same time 同時
4．in case 如果；假使；以防，以防萬一
5．roll call 點名
6．safe and sound 安然無恙的
7．a series of 一系列
8．occur to 被想到，浮現在腦中
9．keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷靜
10．warn sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人注意某事
11．to one's relief 使某人寬慰的是
12．go on 發生；繼續
13．in the face of 面對；盡管，不顧
14．run out of 用完，耗盡
15．along with 與……一起
16．in all directions 向四面八方
17．take the form of 呈現……的形狀；
采取……的形式
18．break out 突然開始，爆發
19．in the distance 在遠處
20．far and wide 到處，各處
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引導時間狀語從句)
晃動一停止，布朗女士立即意識到這是全班逃生的最好時機。
2．The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano.(see＋賓語＋賓語補足語)
人們抬頭仰望，眼前景象讓他們感到莫名恐懼，只見一團龐大的云正從火山口噴薄而出。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：自然災害
1．A great landslide hit a small village yesterday, washing away all the houses.
昨天，一場重大泥石流襲擊了一座小村莊，沖垮了所有房屋。
2Lots of houses there lay in ruins after the earthquake.
那里的許多房屋在地震后成為廢墟。
3．In the earthquake, all the bridges fell down and fires broke out here and there.
在地震中，所有的橋梁坍塌，到處燃起了大火。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：形體描寫之“身”
He was moving faster and faster and finally he started to run. Strange energy filling his body made him feel like he could fly. When he finally stopped, he was breathing heavily, but he didn't feel tired. He smiled happily — it was a wonderful feeling. And nothing could stop it.
他的腳步越來越快，最后開始跑起來。一股說不出的能量灌注全身，讓他覺得自己能飛起來。當他最終停下來時，他深深地吸了一口氣，但他并不感到累，他開心地笑了笑——這感覺真神奇，什么也阻擋不了它。
高分悟道 本段中使用了“moving, run, filling his body, fly”等與身體有關的動作描寫，刻畫了湯米在幫助他人之后的輕松愉快的心情。
高分有招 常見的與“身體”相關的高分詞塊有：
rush off　　　　　　　　 急著走
get moving 馬上行動
on the run 忙碌
body and soul 全心全意
build up one's body 強身健體
lie flat on the floor 平躺在地上
一、默寫核心單詞
1．in the area　　　　 在受災地區
2．loud of glass breaking 玻璃破碎發出的巨響
3． to Mike 向邁克示意
4． from the page 退出本頁面
5．a of mints 一管薄荷糖
disaster
crashes
signal
exit
roll
6． each other 互相擁抱
7． to her 她忽然想到
8．look at me in 震驚地看著我
9．in short 供應不足
10． damage 洪澇災害
11．slip and out of the house
偷偷下樓溜出房子
hug
occur
shock
supply
flood
downstairs
12． it's all talk. 否則全是空談。
13．be very about the result　 對結果很好奇
14． buried treasures 挖掘埋藏的珍寶
15．arrive at the 到達目的地
16． their expectations 超出他們的預期
17． three young climbers 營救三名年輕的登山者
Otherwise
curious
unearth
destination
beyond
rescue
二、默寫變形單詞
(依據語境提示在橫線上寫出單詞的正確形式)
injure
injured
injury/injuries
reaction
reacts
orderly
order
confirm
confirmation
relief
relieve
inform
information
scare
scared
scary
donate
donation
erupt
eruption
export
import
unbearable
bear
bearable
distance
distant
sharp
sharpen
locate
located
location
retire
retirement
retired
三、默寫重點短語
1． 　　　　　　　 整個，全部
2． 抓緊，不放開；保存某物
3． 同時
4． 如果；假使；以防，以防萬一
5． 點名
6． 安然無恙的
at large
hold on to
at the same time
in case
roll call
safe and sound
7． 一系列
8． 被想到，浮現在腦中
9． (在困境中)保持冷靜
10． 提醒某人注意某事
11． 使某人寬慰的是
12． 發生；繼續
13． 面對；盡管，不顧
a series of
occur to
keep one's head
warn sb. of/about sth.
to one's relief
go on
in the face of
14． 用完，耗盡
15． 與……一起
16． 向四面八方
17． 呈現……的形狀；采取……的形式
18． 突然開始，爆發
19． 在遠處
20． 到處，各處
run out of
along with
in all directions
take the form of
break out
in the distance
far and wide
2
課堂學案—過詞匯關
一、變形詞匯——練清易錯微點
1．After being cleaned, oiled and regulated, my watch slowed down to an (bearable) degree.
2．I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe and________
(curious)．
3．To (relief) ourselves of the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
unbearable
curiosity
relieve
4．Rules alone don't secure an (order) society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.
5．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to
(sharp) it.
6．She is very pleased with the result of her blood test, for all tested items show negative (react)．
orderly
sharpen
reactions
易錯微點
1．curious的常見搭配有be curious about“對……感到好奇”，be curious to do sth.“渴望做某事”。
2．relieve常用于relieve one's pain/pressure，意為“減輕某人的痛苦/壓力”，或relieve sb.of sth.，表示“減輕某人的……(負擔等)”。
3．react的常見搭配有react to ...“對……作出反應”，react with“與……發生反應”。
二、重點詞匯——練后拓展歸納
1．occur vi.發生，出現；存在于
①Suddenly a good idea occurred her, but she didn't know how to speak it out.
②It never occurred to him (ask) anyone to help him with English.
③(話題寫作之親子關系) I can make a gift by myself for my mother.
我突然想到我可以親手給媽媽做一件禮物。
to
to ask
It occurred to me that
sth.occur(s) to sb. 某人想起某事
It occurs to sb.that ... 某人(突然)想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人(突然)想起做某事
名師指津：occur是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態。
2．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
①I would be very grateful if you could inform me your decisions at your earliest convenience.
②Online learning via the Internet always keeps us (inform) of the development of the latest technology in the world.
③They often get some useful (inform) from the Internet.
④(詞匯升級)We already know who's got the job but we haven't been told officially._________
of
informed
information
informed
(1)inform sb.of sth. 告知某人某事
inform sb.that ... 通知某人……
inform sb.＋疑問詞＋to do 告知某人……
keep sb.informed (of sth.) 使某人隨時了解(某事)
(2)information n．　 信息，消息，情報
3．shock n．震驚，驚愕；劇烈震動 vt.使震驚
①They were so (shock) that they hadn't even thought to call for an ambulance yet.
②Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the (shock) ending.
③(神情描寫) , unsure what to do next.
他吃驚地站在那里，不知道接下來怎么辦。
shocked
shocking
He stood there in shock
(1)in shock　 　　 震驚地，吃驚地
(2)shocked adj. 震驚的
be shocked at/by 對……感到震驚
(3)shocking adj. 令人震驚的
4．supply n．補給，補給品；供應；供應量，儲備 vt.供應，供給，提供
①(感謝信)Looking back on the process of studying with you, I will never forget the help .
回顧和你一起學習的過程，我永遠不會忘記你給我提供的幫助。
you supplied/offered to me
②(活動介紹)此外，夏令營還為會員提供參觀博物館的機會，這是了解我們歷史的好途徑。(一句多譯)
→In addition, the summer camp to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history.
→In addition, the summer camp to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history.
supplies a chance to members
supplies members with a chance
(1)be in short supply 短缺，供應不足
a supply of (＋可數名詞復數或不可數名詞) 一批，很多
(2)supply sth.to sb.＝supply sb.with sth. 向某人提供某物
聯想發散：表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：
①provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.
②offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.
5．distance n．遙遠，久遠；距離；差異；疏遠
①I encountered many hikers who were headed to a (distance) campground.
②(細節描寫) caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank.
遠處的水聲引起了我們的注意，把我們引到了河邊。
distant
The sound of water in the distance
③(話題寫作之人物描寫)It was difficult to get along well with her because she always .
很難與她融洽相處，因為她總是與每個人保持一定距離。
kept everyone at a distance
(1)in the distance　 在遠方，在遠處
at/from a distance 稍遠處；離一段距離
at/from a distance of 在……遠的地方
keep one's distance from ...＝keep ...at a distance
與……保持距離/疏遠
(2)distant adj. 遙遠的；(指人)遠親的；冷淡的
be distant from 遠離……
6.rescue n．& vt.救援，營救，搶救
①(話題寫作之人物描寫)Whenever we were in danger, they would
.
每當我們有危險時，他們都會趕來救援。
②(場景描寫)The wind and waves were very strong, which increased the difficulty in .But ___________________
didn't give up any hope of .　
風浪很大，這增加了營救這個溺水男孩的困難，但是救援人員沒有放棄任何把他從危險中解救出來的希望。
come to our rescue
rescuing the drowning boy
the rescue workers
rescuing him from danger
(1)rescue sb./sth.from ... 從……中拯救某人/某物
(2)come/go to one's rescue 來/去營救某人
rescue team/workers 救援隊/人員
三、重點短語——練后查找疏漏
run out of 用完，耗盡
①(話題寫作之環境保護)Facing the problem that quite precious natural resources , on no account can we waste them.　
面對相當寶貴的自然資源可能枯竭的問題，我們決不能再浪費它們。
may be run out of/used up
②(場景描寫)Tom was Jerry when he _______________
Spike.He ran so fast that he couldn't stop and as a result, he ________
Spike.He had to angry Spike.He ran and ran.He didn't shake off Spike until he his strength.
湯姆在追杰瑞時碰到了斯派克。他跑得如此快，以至于停不下來，結果撞到了斯派克身上。他不得不逃離憤怒的斯派克。他跑啊跑，直到力氣耗盡，才甩開了斯派克。
running after
ran across/into
ran into
run away from
ran out of
run across　　　 偶然遇見
run out 用完，耗盡
run after 追趕，追逐
run into 撞上；偶然遇見
run away from ... 遠離……；避開……
易混辨析：①run out of意為“用完，耗盡”，為及物動詞短語，后面要接賓語，用于主動語態時，主語只能是人；其同義短語為use up。
②run out意為“用完；用光”，為不及物動詞短語，主語常常是“物”。
四、一詞多義——語境中辨詞義(對應右欄詞義填代碼)
1.①The present regime has been in power for two years. ___ ②Power is fed into the electricity line through an underground cable. ____ ③I am sorry it's beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. ___ ④The president has the power to approve the proposals. ___ 1.power
A．n.電，電力
B．n.權力
C．n.政權
D．n.控制力
E．n.能力
F．n.能量
G．n.力量
C
A
E
B
2.①Prices change according to supply and demand. ___ ②The explosive mixture in a rocket consists of both a fuel and a supply of oxygen. ___ ③We are here to supply the public with a free medical service. ___ ④They should also have a stock of essential supplies for a disaster. ____ 2.supply
A．n.補給，補給品
B．n.供應
C．n.供應量，儲備
D．vt.供應，供給，提供
B
C
D
A
3.①It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.It was only a very small fault. ___ ②After the storm, there was a sharp drop in temperature. ___ ③It's dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife. ___ ④He was very sharp with me when I was late. ____ 3.sharp
A．adj.鋒利的
B．adj.急劇的，驟然的
C．adj.嚴厲的
D．adj.靈敏的
D
B
A
C
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
3
遷移應用—過閱讀關
(說明：文中加藍詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2024·浙江1月高考·閱讀理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龍卷風) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大的防雹干預計劃之爭。選文提醒我們既要認識自然災害，有災害防范意識，又要辯證思考面對災害的最佳解決方式，提高應對災害的能力。
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1．What does the project aim to do
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“As a result ...dangerous hailstones.”可知，這個項目的目標是防止冰雹的形成。
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2．Who are opposed to the project
A．Farmers in east-central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta ...worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔省中東部的農民反對這個項目。
3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可推知，多斯韋爾博士提到他在1999年看到的龍卷風是為了提示人工降雨可能帶來的危險。
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4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Due to the lack of scientific proof ...a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.”可推知，人工降雨公司將繼續存在。
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，采用了“問題—解決”型的語篇模式。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列藍體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones._______
②(熟詞生義)But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.___________
v.播撒
adj.干旱的
③(熟詞生義)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.___________
v.發表演講
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①ice crystals　　　　　　　 _____
②the provincial government ________
③opposite effect ____________
④lack of scientific proof ______________
⑤win a lawsuit against __________________
冰晶
省政府
相反的效果
缺乏科學證據
贏得對……的訴訟
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
抓標志：從屬連詞______
判類型：主句＋目的狀語＋時間狀語從句
試翻譯：飛機在有威脅的風暴中心中播撒一種化學物質，使小冰晶還沒來得及變成危險的冰雹就像雨一樣落下。
before
2．But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
抓標志：從屬連詞_____
判類型：主句＋賓語從句
試翻譯：但是，在艾伯塔省中東部的農民們擔心，“防雹計劃”飛行的下風處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干旱的土地上偷走。
that
4
發展提升—過表達關
由教材典句，學高級表達
句式　the moment引導時間狀語從句
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)“一……就……”的表達形式：
①immediately/directly/instantly＋從句
②the moment/minute/instant＋從句
③upon/on＋n./doing ...
④no sooner ... than .../hardly ...when ...
⑤as soon as＋從句
(2)在no sooner ... than .../hardly ... when ...句型中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒裝。
|習|練|規|則|　(一句多譯/句式升級)
①一回到家，我就把花在花瓶里插好。
→I arranged the flowers in the vase .(the moment)
→I arranged the flowers in the vase .(on doing)
②We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
→ the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(升級為倒裝句)
the moment I arrived home
on arriving home
Hardly had we left the dormitory
|應|用|寫|美|
③(動作描寫)我頭一沾枕頭就睡著了。(as soon as)
I fell asleep .
④(動作描寫)一聽到有人喊“救命”，他就沖出了房子。
(upon doing)
of “help”， he dashed out of the house.
as soon as my head hit the pillow
Upon hearing shouts
⑤(心理描寫)我太震驚了以至于一聽到這個消息我就僵在了原地。(the moment)
So shocked was I that I was frozen to the spot_____________________
.
the moment I heard
the news
建構語義場，豐富語料庫
子語境(一)　災難爆發
1．the endless rain　　　　　 無盡的雨
2．push against the other 你推我搡
3．be caught/trapped in 陷入(困境)
4．hurry blindly and fearfully on 驚慌失措地盲目奔逃
5．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof.
風在怒吼，雨敲打著房頂。
6．At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
那一刻，他們感到腳下的大地正在顫抖；他們聽到遠處有屋頂坍塌的巨響。
子語境(二)　應對措施
1．practise earthquake safety procedures
地震安全規程演練
2．keep calm to solve the problem 保持鎮靜以解決問題
3．Sabrina was frightened, but she soon kept her head.
薩布麗娜嚇壞了，不過她很快冷靜下來。
4．Her students' reaction was quick and correct — they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.
她的學生們反應迅速正確——他們頭朝里，鉆到桌子下面，并緊緊抓住桌腿。
子語境(三)　災害的影響
1．do damage to ...　　　　　 對……造成損害
2．cause economic loss 造成經濟損失
3．lose one's life 喪命
4．cut off electricity 斷電
5．be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
6．Local farmers were desperate because the strong winds had done great damage to their wheat crops.
當地農民非常絕望，因為強風對他們的小麥造成了巨大損害。
7．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
在此次地震中喪生或身受重傷的人數超過了40萬。
子語境(四)　災難逃生
1．make their escape　　　　 逃生
2．warn sb.of the danger 提醒某人有危險
3．get away from 逃離
4．run to safety 跑到安全地帶
5．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
就在巨浪拍岸的前一刻，海灘上的人迅速疏散一空。
6．She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
她示意學生們用雙手護著頭，排好隊，有序離開教室。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(藍體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Natural disasters happen almost every day.In order to protect ourselves from these disasters, some measures should be taken.
First of all, we need to set a sound pre-warning mechanism,
①__________________________________________________________
(這使我們能夠在早期階段最大限度地確認潛在風險)．Secondly, an excellent Disaster Assistance Reaction Team should be equipped
which enables us at large to confirm the potential risks at an early stage
② (救援災民) and they will take action quickly ③ (災難一發生)．Most importantly, everyone should learn some ways to save themselves and ④__________
(記得在面對自然災害時保持冷靜)．
Only by the above-mentioned practical measures can we respond quickly to natural disasters.
to rescue the victims
the moment a disaster occurs
remember
to keep their head in the face of natural disasters
(二)主題語段的細節描寫訓練
1．災難場景(表達邏輯：地震場景描寫→烘托危險氣氛→襯托內心恐懼)
① (大地開始顫動)．All across the city, streets ripped open.Buildings swayed.② (墻壁倒塌) and houses came crashing down.Windows shattered and ③__________
(破碎的玻璃落在他的四周)．He tried to
The earth began to shake
Walls collapsed
broken
glass fell all around him
scream, but his throat was coated with dust.He wanted to run, but he couldn't even stand.④ (震動太劇烈了)．And then there was a sound like an explosion.The ceiling above his head burst open.
The shaking was too hard
2．遭遇災難(表達邏輯：雪崩發生→積極自救)
① (Paul立刻意識到) what was happening.“Avalanche (雪崩)！” he yelled to Scott, who was not far behind.Instantly, ② (兩個人都被一大團雪擊中) that would hit and carry them some 500 feet down the mountain.They remembered ③_________________________________
(他們上過的雪崩生存課)．Keep your head up.
It immediately occurred to Paul
both were hit by a mass of snow
the avalanche survival lessons they
had attended
Try to swim.Stay on top of the snow.But the snow was too powerful and ④______________________________________________________
(他們感覺自己就像洗衣機中滾動著的一團衣服)．
they felt themselves rolling like a load of clothes in a washing
machine
3．災后感悟(表達邏輯：直面災后慘狀→救助受傷的災民→對這一經歷的感慨)
We waited a long time before going downstairs.Hardly had the rushing water dropped when we saw the unrecognizable hotel gate.
① (到處都是淤泥和破碎的家具)．Some people ② (被困在水中的人) were either unconscious or burst into tears with pain.What we
There was dirt and broken furniture everywhere
who were caught in the water
saw weakened our heart and ③________________________________
(我們在死里逃生后決定幫助受害者)．Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before.The special trip to Penang ④ (在我心中留下了深刻的印象)．
we decided to help the victims after
a narrow escape
was deeply impressed in my mind
5
課下測評—過高考關
課時作業(一)　主題閱讀集群訓練　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·保定模擬)Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘)．It's what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蝕)．
Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio-Marinello, 15, and her daughter's friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind.But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away.“The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.“The dune grass cost the town $32,000.”
The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment.While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10.She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.“I'd be willing to do it again，” she said.“I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.”
While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach's appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand.“Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches，” Florio said.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。為了防止海灘沙丘被海岸線侵蝕，Oyster Bay的志愿者開展了沙丘植草活動。雖然種植的植物在暴風雨中被摧毀，但志愿者們的意志未被摧毀，他們準備再次嘗試。
1．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event
A．To protect the ocean from being polluted.
B．To keep the shoreline in good shape.
C．To reduce extreme weather conditions.
D．To prevent people playing on the beach.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，沙丘植草活動旨在幫助穩定海灘沙丘，防止其被海岸線侵蝕，以此保持海岸線良好的形狀。
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2．Which of the following can best describe the dune grass planting event
A．Popular but costly.
B．Traditional but complex.
C．Creative and economical.
D．Successful and rewarding.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中“The latest dune ...town $32,000.”對參加該活動的人數和其花費的描述可知，沙丘植草活動受到了大家的歡迎和支持，但有點費錢。
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3．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting
A．Incapable.　　　　　 B．Disappointed.
C．Hopeless. D．Motivated.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中“She said she would go back for another event ...coming.”可知，Maria Rizzi對沙丘植草活動充滿希望，積極性很高。
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4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Great Grass Planting
B．The Best of the Storm
C．Spirit Never Washed Away
D．Volunteers Making History Together
解析：標題歸納題。根據全文內容，結合第三段中“While the outcome ...motivation.”和第四段內容可知，為了防止海灘沙丘被海岸線侵蝕，Oyster Bay的志愿者開展了沙丘植草活動。雖然種植的植物在暴風雨中被摧毀，但志愿者們的意志未被摧毀，他們準備再次嘗試。故C項“從未被沖走的精神”適合作文章標題。
B
(2025·江西重點中學聯考) Inside a large room at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), tens of thousands of seeds are stored at a constant temperature of －20 ℃.Some of them may hold keys to helping us face the future.
“Our center holds as many as 120,000 varieties of seeds.Many of them come from crops as old as agriculture itself.Other seeds were selected by researchers who've hiked in the past four decades through forests and mountains in the Middle East, Asia and North Africa, searching for wild relatives of wheat, rice, legumes (豆科植物) and other crops that are important to the human diet，” says Mariana Yazbek, who manages the research center.
The research center, formed in the 1970s, once mostly helped farmers in poorer countries in hot and dry climates.But now it also sends seeds to scientists in Europe, Canada and the United States, to improve certain crops' resistance to the effects of climate change.
“What we are collecting is a sample of the diversity that we have in nature，” adds Yazbek.“We save seeds in case extreme droughts, floods or other catastrophic events should wipe out plant species.These wild relatives of crops have witnessed so many different climates.The qualities that help them adapt and survive in these conditions are stored in their DNA.We have this diversity and it can be a tool to help us face the future.”
Yazbek says scientists are particularly interested in crops like the legume because it absorbs a lot of greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere.It also releases N into the soil, meaning the farmers have to use less chemical fertilizer.And the legume takes very little water to grow because it produces sugar alcohols that act as humectants, a substance that attracts and absorbs water and saves the plant from freezing or drying out.
In another case, a wild wheat seed collected in Iran has allowed scientists in the US to develop new wheat varieties resistant to the Hessian fly, a harmful insect that causes tens of millions of dollars in damage to American crops every year.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了國際干旱地區農業研究中心(ICARDA)成立的時間、主要業務、工作區域等，并介紹了它對世界農業發展所起的重要作用。
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5.What can be learned about ICARDA
A．It has a complete collection of seeds.
B．It just helps the undeveloped countries.
C．It used to develop seeds for rich countries.
D．It focuses on saving ancient and wild seeds.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中Mariana Yazbek 說的話可知，ICARDA致力于收集古老和野生的種子。
√
6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 4
A．Important. B．Wasteful.
C．Terrible. D．Unforgettable.
解析：詞義猜測題。分析畫線詞所在句可知，畫線詞與“極端干旱”和“洪水”并列，由此可推出其詞義應與C項接近，表示“災難性的，極糟的”。
7．What can be inferred about the legume
A．It will grow much better in wet areas.
B．It is friendly to the environment and soil.
C．It will become the main crop for humans.
D．It has difficulty in adapting to cold climate.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中Yazbek說的話可知，豆科植物能吸收大量的溫室氣體二氧化碳，還將氮釋放到土壤中，對環境和土壤都很友好。
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8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Seeds Stored at ICARDA May Help Us Improve Our Crops
B．A New Invaluable Seed Bank Is Constructed at ICARDA
C．Scientists Have Made Breakthroughs in Ancient Seed Study
D．New Seeds Are Successfully Developed for North America
解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文特別是第一段和第三段可知，儲存在ICARDA的種子可以改善農作物的基因，提高作物對氣候變化影響的抵抗力，故A項“儲存在ICARDA的種子可以幫助改善我們的作物”適合作文章標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2025·河北高三大聯考)We are all victims of climate change.Fighting with climate change can feel stressed, but there are a lot of things you can do to protect yourself and your loved ones.Experts recommend the following steps.
· 9 Talk to your doctor about what types of alerts or weather events you should be looking out for when it comes to heat, stress interactions with medications, or exposures to heat, cold and virus.
精品課件·名師析題
·Prepare an emergency supply kit.This is especially important if you live in an area where flooding, hurricanes, or wildfires break out easily.Your family need to be safe. 10
·Eat less meat, and take more vitamins.Research found that the diets low in meat and high in fruits and vegetables were linked with less greenhouse gas emissions. 11 Therefore, you should reduce people's vulnerability in high temperatures.
·Reduce the amount of single-use plastics in your life.The Natural Resources Defense Council says that small individual choices can add up. 12 For example, you can carry grocery bags and a reusable water bottle and cook more at home.
·Pay attention to heat warnings, and find ways to stay cool. 13 If you have air-conditioning, make sure it is working, or find out a place with air-conditioning, like a shopping mall, public library, or cooling shelter or community.Make sure you check on your friends during a heat wave, and ask that they check on you.
A．Increase your health knowledge.
B．It has tips on using easy alternatives.
C．Don't be exposed to all kinds of climates.
D．They could also lower risks of some diseases.
E．And don't forget emergency supplies for pets!
F．Housing quality plays a huge role in your staying cool.
G．Even a few hours a day of air-conditioning can avoid heat illness.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在氣候變化的情況下保護自己和家人的一些措施。
9．解析：選A　下文建議人們和醫生談論一些需要注意的事項。故A項“增加你的健康知識”能概括本段內容，符合語境。
10．解析：選E　上文提到了家人需要安全，空處為段尾句，應指出，除了人之外，寵物的應急設備也要準備。故E項“別忘了寵物的應急用品”承接上文，符合語境。
11．解析：選D　本段提到要少吃肉、多吃水果和蔬菜，接著介紹了這樣做的好處——減少溫室氣體排放。故D項“它們還可以降低患某些疾病的風險”承接上文，繼續說明少吃肉的好處。
12．解析：選B　上文提到減少生活中一次性塑料的使用量，結合后文的例子可知，可以選擇塑料的替代品。故B項“它有使用簡單替代品的提示”承上啟下，符合語境。
13．解析：選G　上文提到要注意高溫警告，想辦法保持涼爽，G項“即使每天開幾個小時的空調也能避免中暑”承接上文，說明具體保持涼爽的方法。　　　　　　　　　
課時作業(二)　語言技能綜合訓練　　　　　　
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·廣州模擬)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a 1 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 2 .Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were 3 and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window,
thinking I could better 4 the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really, I had no 5 where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay 6 .I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.
The call left me in 7 .Breathe, I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I 8 my location online and explained what I was 9 ， wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.I got a 10 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more 11 .
Then I saw a big 12 in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me, 13 the wind and snow each step of the way.“You'll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the 14 .I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house, I burst into tears of 15 .
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在一場突如其來的暴風雪中迷路被困，隨后通過社交媒體發出求救信號，最終得到一位陌生人在惡劣天氣中的援助，并被引領至安全之地。
√
1．A.shortcut　　　　　 B．turn
C．look D．risk
解析：根據下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”可知，作者冒了很大風險。
√
2．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
解析：根據下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，雪下得很快。
√
3．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
解析：根據下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此處指暴風雪中車窗的狀態；分析選項可知，C項“結冰”符合語境。
√
4．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
解析：根據下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此處指沿著路邊。
√
5．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
解析：根據下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴風雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里。
√
6．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
解析：根據上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下來但為了取暖，仍然保持汽車發動機運轉。
√
7．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
解析：根據上文“The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者報警求救，卻被告知要等一晚上，故作者感到驚慌失措。
√
8．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
解析：根據下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在網上發了帖子。
√
9．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
解析：根據下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者講述的是自己經歷的事情。
√
10．A.tip B．comment
C．like D．message
解析：根據下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一條消息。
√
11．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
解析：根據上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人打算幫助作者，使作者感到如釋重負。
√
12．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
解析：根據下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此處指的是人影。
√
13．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
解析：根據上文語境可知，幫助作者的人頂著風雪前來，A項“fighting”符合語境。
√
14．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
解析：根據下文“I drove slowly behind him.”可知，前來幫忙的人知道方向，所以作者跟著他開車。
√
15．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
解析：根據上文“But really, I had no where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴風雪中迷路時受到了陌生人幫助，故作者心懷感激。
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2025·咸陽模擬)Chinese achievements in pollution control, ecological recovery and protection, and green development China 1 (make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing, 2 a senior official pointed out China's 3 (participate) and leadership in global climate governance.
According to the press briefing, China has been the 4 (fast) in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent.Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also 5 (effective) tackled.Ecological systems 6 (protect) and restored.National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species saw their wild populations recover, marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity.
The country has taken 7 active part in cooperation on climate change.It has done its best to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity 8 (reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change.It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change 9 more than 120 developing countries.
10 (head) forward, China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了近幾年中國在應對全球氣候變化方面取得的成就。
1．has made　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，make作定語從句的謂語；根據時間狀語“in the past decade”可知，應用現在完成時；主語是China，為第三人稱單數，謂語也應用單數形式。
2．where　考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是a Friday press briefing，在從句中作地點狀語，應用where引導。
3．participation　考查名詞。空前是名詞所有格，所以空處應用名詞作賓語，表示“參與”，故填participation。
4．fastest　考查形容詞最高級。根據語境及空前的定冠詞the可知，此處應填形容詞最高級。
5．effectively　考查副詞。空處修飾空后的動詞，應用副詞形式。故填effectively。
6．are protected　考查動詞時態和語態。protect作本句謂語，和主語Ecological systems之間是被動關系，應用被動語態；描述客觀事實，應用一般現在時。
7．an　考查冠詞。take an active part in意為“積極參加”，為固定搭配。故填an。
8．to reduce　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞has done，所以reduce應用非謂語形式；根據句意可知，此處表目的，應用不定式作目的狀語。
9．for　考查介詞。train for意為“為……訓練”，為固定搭配。
10．Heading　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞will work，所以head應用非謂語形式，且和邏輯主語China之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞形式；空處位于句首，首字母應大寫。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
(2025·福州模擬)假定你是李華，你校英文報正在為今年的“全國生態日(National Ecology Day)”征集環保口號(slogan)。請你給口號征集負責人Alan寫一封郵件，內容包括：
1．你提出的口號；　2.口號的含義及優點。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
精品課件·名師析題
參考范文：
Dear Alan，
Having learned that our newspaper is collecting slogans for the National Ecology Day, I'm writing to introduce my own version: One Earth, One Family.
I think my slogan is very persuasive.Although we live in different countries or different parts of a country, we have only one Earth.So it is our shared responsibility to protect our home planet and safeguard the biodiversity on Earth.My slogan also shows that only with joint efforts from all over the world can we protect our home planet.
I will consider it a great honor if my slogan is selected.
Best regards!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
課時作業(三)　讀后續寫講評訓練
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
[1] It began as a typical January day. The grey skies were heavy with snow and wind in front of Valleyview School. I was in my first year of teaching and had no idea that this approaching snowstorm would be so severe.
精品課件·名師析題
[2] By mid-day the principal called the school buses back so the three hundred kids could get home safely before it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, excited to go home early. The buses arrived but the storm suddenly worsened before the waiting kids could board and it was quickly clear no one was going anywhere soon. By now the bus drivers and a couple of snowplow (鏟雪車) operators were discussing the situation. There were over three hundred children, staff, bus and snowplow drivers stuck inside the school.
[3] Night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping. We were facing some basic questions. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner Where would they sleep？
[4] Earl, our school gatekeeper, began working non-stop to keep the heater running. Concerned about the old pipes freezing, he wrapped them with whatever material he could find. With our electricity lines swaying under the increasing weight of ice and snow in heavy winds, what would we do if we lost power A plan was definitely needed.
[5] Every parent was called to reassure them that their children were safe, and then people who lived close enough to brave the storm were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people had managed to travel through the heavy and blinding snow bringing bags of sandwiches, tinned juices, blankets and a couple of board games. One woman, who lived right on the edge of the school, wrapped herself up and felt through the blinding snow with a huge kettle and enough ingredients to make tomato soup for at least half of the school. There wasn't a lot of food, but everything was shared, no one went hungry, and no one complained.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids.　
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.　
[寫作構思指導]
一、讀文路徑(把握結構主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關注伏筆照應
伏筆1(句①)：暗示雪停后，人們會為校車用鏟雪車清理出車道。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示老師們會為學生解決睡覺問題。
伏筆3(句③)：暗示老師會組織孩子們開展一些娛樂性活動并且部分解決學生睡覺的問題。
3．構思續寫內容(運用“5所”構思)
第一段：
①How did we make sleep arrangements for children？(根據前文伏筆2提出問題：所見——接續首句)
②What did the teachers do for the kids？(根據前文伏筆3提出問題：所做——推進情節)
③How did the kids feel？And what did they do？(所感、所做——推進情節)
④How did the staff spend the night？(所做——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤How did the people clean the snow next morning？(所做——接續首句)
⑥What did others do to help the children and staff？(根據前文伏筆1提出問題：所做——推進情節)
⑦What did the helpers do after the children were rescued？
(所做——推進情節)
⑧What lesson did we learn from the event？(所感——主旨升華)
[邏輯潤色成文]
一、寫好兩個關鍵語段
1．請設計老師們為孩子們安排的娛樂活動及孩子們樂觀自娛的場景。
Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained.
2．請設計一個合理的結尾。
(感悟式結尾)
(情景式結尾)
Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.
With the shining sunlight casting on everyone, we all felt a surge of warmth running through our bodies.
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids.
As the evening came, the school gymnasium was transformed into a temporary dormitory, with rows of mats laid out and blankets spread for the children to sleep on. (對應伏筆2和伏筆3) Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. (對應伏筆3) Despite the challenging
circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. (心理描寫) Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. Meanwhile, the staff worked tirelessly to ensure that everyone was warm and safe throughout the night. (動作描寫)
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.
The snowplows began to work. Parents and nearby residents arrived with tools in hand, ready to help dig out the buses a path through the snow. (對應伏筆1) The community spirit was truly inspiring, and together we were able to clear a path for the buses to finally leave. As the last bus carrying the last students pulled away, cheers erupted from those who remained behind. It was a challenging experience, but one that brought us all closer together. Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．county n．　　　　　　郡，縣
2．stair n. 樓梯；梯級
3．procedure n. 程序，步驟，手續
4．tsunami n. 海嘯
5．odd adj. 奇怪的，怪異的；
偶爾的；不成對的
6．destructive adj. 引起破壞(或毀滅)的，
破壞(或毀滅)性的
7．conference n. 會議，研討會；討論，商談
8．charity n. 慈善機構(或組織)；
慈善，施舍；仁愛，寬容
9．staff n. 全體職工；管理人員
vt. 在……工作，任職于
10．slide n. 幻燈片；降低；滑行；山崩
vi.& vt. 滑行；逐漸陷入
11．fund n. 資金；基金
12．document n. 文件，公文；(計算機中的) 文檔
13．bar n. 酒吧；小館子；吧臺；條，塊；欄桿；障礙
vt. 封；阻擋；阻止
14．dawn n. 黎明，破曉；開端，萌芽
vi. 開始；開始清楚
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．disaster n．　　　　　災難，災害；徹底失敗
2．crash n. 碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰
vi.& vt. 碰撞，撞擊；崩潰
3．signal vi.& vt. 發信號，示意；標志
n. 信號，暗號；標志；信號燈
4．exit vt.& vi. 出去，離去，退場；退出
n. 出口，通道；離開
5．roll n. 名單；卷；一管；翻滾
vi.& vt. 翻滾，滾動；翻身；卷起
6．hug vt. 擁抱，摟抱；抱緊
7．occur vi. 發生，出現；存在于
8．shock n. 震驚，驚愕；劇烈震動
vt. 使震驚
9．supply n. 補給，補給品；供應；供應量，儲備
vt. 供應，供給，提供
10．flood n. 洪水，水災；大量
vi.& vt. 淹沒，泛濫；大量涌入；充滿
11．downstairs adv. 在樓下，往樓下
n. 樓下
12．otherwise adv. 否則，不然；除此以外
13．curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的
14．unearth vt. 使出土，挖掘，發掘；發現，找到
15．destination n. 目的地，終點
16．beyond adv. 在(或向)較遠處，在另一邊
prep. 在(或向)更遠處；超出；晚于；無法；超出……之外
17．rescue n．& vt. 救援，營救，搶救
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．injure　　　vt. 　 　傷害，使受傷；損害
injured adj. 受傷的；受損害的
injury n. 傷害；損害；受傷處
2．react vi. 反應；作出反應
reaction n. 反應，回應；抗拒；化學反應
3．order n. 順序；規則
orderly adj. 有秩序的，有條理的，整齊的
　
　
4．confirm vt. 證實，確認；使確信；批準
confirmation 　n. 確認；證實
5．relief n. 寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟
relieve vt. 減輕；緩解
6．inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
information n. 信息
7．scare vt.& vi. 驚嚇，害怕 n．恐慌；驚嚇
scared adj. 恐懼的；害怕的
scary adj. 恐怖的；可怕的
8．power n．電，電力；權力；政權；控制力；能力；能量；力量
powerful adj. 強大的；有感染力的
powerless adj. 無力的；沒有能力的
9．donate vt. 捐贈，贈送；獻(血)
donation n. 捐贈；捐獻
donor n. 捐贈者
10．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆發；突然發生
eruption n. (火山的)爆發；噴發
11．export n．出口產品，輸出的產品；出口，輸出 vt.出口，輸出
import n．進口產品，輸入的產品；輸入 vt.進口，引進
12．ash n. 灰
ashy adj. 覆蓋著灰的；灰色的
13．bear v. 忍受
bearable adj. 可忍受的；能應付的
unbearable adj. 難耐的，無法忍受的
14．distant adj. 遙遠的；冷淡的；疏遠的
distance n. 遙遠，久遠；距離；差異；疏遠
15．sharp adj.靈敏的；鋒利的；急劇的；明顯的；尖銳的；強烈的
sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使尖銳；變鋒利
sharpener n. 磨削的工具
16．locate vt.找出……的準確位置；把……安置在(或建造于)
located adj. 位于；坐落在
location n. 位置
17．retire vi.& vt. 退休，退職
retirement n. 退休
retired adj. 已退休的
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．程度不一的“傷害”
①injure v．　　傷害　　②wound v．　　傷害
③hurt v. 受傷 ④damage v. 損害
⑤harm v. 傷害 ⑥impair v. 損害
⑦destroy v. 破壞；損壞
2．不同類型的“發生”
①occur (偶然)發生
②happen (偶然)發生
③take place 發生
④break out (戰爭等)爆發
⑤come about 發生；產生
|背|短|語|
1．at large　　　　　　　整個，全部
2．hold on to 抓緊，不放開；保存某物
3．at the same time 同時
4．in case 如果；假使；以防，以防萬一
5．roll call 點名
6．safe and sound 安然無恙的
7．a series of 一系列
8．occur to 被想到，浮現在腦中
9．keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷靜
10．warn sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人注意某事
11．to one's relief 使某人寬慰的是
12．go on 發生；繼續
13．in the face of 面對；盡管，不顧
14．run out of 用完，耗盡
15．along with 與……一起
16．in all directions 向四面八方
17．take the form of 呈現……的形狀；采取……的形式
18．break out 突然開始，爆發
19．in the distance 在遠處
20．far and wide 到處，各處
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引導時間狀語從句)
晃動一停止，布朗女士立即意識到這是全班逃生的最好時機。
2．The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano.(see＋賓語＋賓語補足語)
人們抬頭仰望，眼前景象讓他們感到莫名恐懼，只見一團龐大的云正從火山口噴薄而出。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：自然災害
1．A great landslide hit a small village yesterday, washing away all the houses.
昨天，一場重大泥石流襲擊了一座小村莊，沖垮了所有房屋。
2．Lots of houses there lay in ruins after the earthquake.
那里的許多房屋在地震后成為廢墟。
3．In the earthquake, all the bridges fell down and fires broke out here and there.
在地震中，所有的橋梁坍塌，到處燃起了大火。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：形體描寫之“身”
He was moving faster and faster and finally he started to run. Strange energy filling his body made him feel like he could fly. When he finally
stopped, he was breathing heavily, but he didn't feel tired. He smiled happily — it was a wonderful feeling. And nothing could stop it.
他的腳步越來越快，最后開始跑起來。一股說不出的能量灌注全身，讓他覺得自己能飛起來。當他最終停下來時，他深深地吸了一口氣，但他并不感到累，他開心地笑了笑——這感覺真神奇，什么也阻擋不了它。
高分悟道 本段中使用了“moving, run, filling his body, fly”等與身體有關的動作描寫，刻畫了湯米在幫助他人之后的輕松愉快的心情。
高分有招 常見的與“身體”相關的高分詞塊有：rush off　　　　　　　　急著走get moving 馬上行動on the run 忙碌body and soul 全心全意build up one's body 強身健體lie flat on the floor 平躺在地上
本部分內容見《課前默寫本》P567
一、變形詞匯——　
1．After being cleaned, oiled and regulated, my watch slowed down to an 　　　　 (bearable) degree.
2．I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe and 　　　　　　 (curious)．
3．To 　　　　　　 (relief) ourselves of the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
4．Rules alone don't secure an 　　　　　　 (order) society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.
5．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to 　　　　　　 (sharp) it.
6．She is very pleased with the result of her blood test, for all tested items show negative
　　　　　　 (react)．
易錯微點
1．curious的常見搭配有be curious about“對……感到好奇”，be curious to do sth.“渴望做某事”。
2．relieve常用于relieve one's pain/pressure，意為“減輕某人的痛苦/壓力”，或relieve sb.of sth.，表示“減輕某人的……(負擔等)”。
3．react的常見搭配有react to ...“對……作出反應”，react with“與……發生反應”。
二、重點詞匯——　
1．occur vi.發生，出現；存在于
①Suddenly a good idea occurred 　　　　　　 her, but she didn't know how to speak it out.
②It never occurred to him 　　　　　　 (ask) anyone to help him with English.
③(話題寫作之親子關系)　　　　　　　　　　　　 I can make a gift by myself for my mother.
我突然想到我可以親手給媽媽做一件禮物。
sth.occur(s) to sb.某人想起某事
It occurs to sb.that ...某人(突然)想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人(突然)想起做某事
名師指津：occur是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態。
2．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
①I would be very grateful if you could inform me 　　　　　　 your decisions at your earliest convenience.
②Online learning via the Internet always keeps us 　　　　　 (inform) of the development of the latest technology in the world.
③They often get some useful 　　　　　　 (inform) from the Internet.
④(詞匯升級)We already know who's got the job but we haven't been told officially.　　　　　　
(1)inform sb.of sth. 告知某人某事
inform sb.that ... 通知某人……
inform sb.＋疑問詞＋to do 告知某人……
keep sb.informed (of sth.)使某人隨時了解(某事)
(2)information n．　信息，消息，情報
3．shock n．震驚，驚愕；劇烈震動 vt.使震驚
①They were so 　　　　　　 (shock) that they hadn't even thought to call for an ambulance yet.
②Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the 　　　　 (shock) ending.
③(神情描寫)　______________________， unsure what to do next.
他吃驚地站在那里，不知道接下來怎么辦。
(1)in shock　 　　震驚地，吃驚地
(2)shocked adj. 震驚的
be shocked at/by 對……感到震驚
(3)shocking adj. 令人震驚的
4．supply n．補給，補給品；供應；供應量，儲備 vt.供應，供給，提供
①(感謝信)Looking back on the process of studying with you, I will never forget the help 　.
回顧和你一起學習的過程，我永遠不會忘記你給我提供的幫助。
②(活動介紹)此外，夏令營還為會員提供參觀博物館的機會，這是了解我們歷史的好途徑。(一句多譯)
→In addition, the summer camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　 to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history.
→In addition, the summer camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　 to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history.
(1)be in short supply短缺，供應不足
a supply of (＋可數名詞復數或不可數名詞) 一批，很多
(2)supply sth.to sb.＝supply sb.with sth.向某人提供某物
聯想發散：表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：
①provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.
②offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.
5．distance n．遙遠，久遠；距離；差異；疏遠
①I encountered many hikers who were headed to a 　　　　　 (distance) campground.
②(細節描寫)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank.
遠處的水聲引起了我們的注意，把我們引到了河邊。
③(話題寫作之人物描寫)It was difficult to get along well with her because she always ____________________.
很難與她融洽相處，因為她總是與每個人保持一定距離。
(1)in the distance　在遠方，在遠處
at/from a distance稍遠處；離一段距離
at/from a distance of 在……遠的地方
keep one's distance from ...＝keep ...at a distance與……保持距離/疏遠
(2)distant adj. 遙遠的；(指人)遠親的；冷淡的
be distant from 遠離……
6．rescue n．& vt.救援，營救，搶救
①(話題寫作之人物描寫)Whenever we were in danger, they would 　　　　　　　　.
每當我們有危險時，他們都會趕來救援。
②(場景描寫)The wind and waves were very strong, which increased the difficulty in 　　　　　　　　　　　　.But 　　　　　　　 didn't give up any hope of 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.　風浪很大，這增加了營救這個溺水男孩的困難，但是救援人員沒有放棄任何把他從危險中解救出來的希望。
(1)rescue sb./sth.from ... 從……中拯救某人/某物
(2)come/go to one's rescue 來/去營救某人
rescue team/workers 救援隊/人員
三、重點短語——　
run out of 用完，耗盡
①(話題寫作之環境保護)Facing the problem that quite precious natural resources 　　　　　　　　　　　　， on no account can we waste them.
面對相當寶貴的自然資源可能枯竭的問題，我們決不能再浪費它們。
②(場景描寫)Tom was 　　　　　　　　　　　 Jerry when he 　　　　　　　　 Spike.He ran so fast that he couldn't stop and as a result, he 　　　　　　　　　　 Spike.He had to 　　　　　　　　　 angry Spike.He ran and ran.He didn't shake off Spike until he 　　　　　　　　 his strength.
湯姆在追杰瑞時碰到了斯派克。他跑得如此快，以至于停不下來，結果撞到了斯派克身上。他不得不逃離憤怒的斯派克。他跑啊跑，直到力氣耗盡，才甩開了斯派克。
run across　　　偶然遇見
run out 用完，耗盡
run after 追趕，追逐
run into 撞上；偶然遇見
run away from ... 遠離……；避開……
易混辨析：①run out of意為“用完，耗盡”，為及物動詞短語，后面要接賓語，用于主動語態時，主語只能是人；其同義短語為use up。
②run out意為“用完；用光”，為不及物動詞短語，主語常常是“物”。
四、一詞多義——　
1.①The present regime has been in power for two years. 　_____　②Power is fed into the electricity line through an underground cable. _____ 　　　③I am sorry it's beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. _____ 　　　④The president has the power to approve the proposals. 　 _____　　 1.powerA．n.電，電力B．n.權力　　C．n.政權D．n.控制力 E．n.能力F．n.能量 G．n.力量
2.①Prices change according to supply and demand. 　 _____　　②The explosive mixture in a rocket consists of both a fuel and a supply of oxygen. 　 _____　　③We are here to supply the public with a free medical service. _____　　　④They should also have a stock of essential supplies for a disaster. _____　　　 2.supplyA．n.補給，補給品B．n.供應C．n.供應量，儲備D．vt.供應，供給，提供
3.①It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.It was only a very small fault.　　 _____　②After the storm, there was a sharp drop in temperature.　　 _____　③It's dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife.　 _____　　④He was very sharp with me when I was late.　 _____　　 3.sharpA．adj.鋒利的B．adj.急劇的，驟然的C．adj.嚴厲的D．adj.靈敏的
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
(說明：文中加黑詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2024·浙江1月高考·閱讀理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about D|S2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龍卷風) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
[真題評價]
1．What does the project aim to do？(　 )
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
2．Who are opposed to the project？(　 )
A．Farmers in east-central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999？(　 )
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　 )
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，采用了“問題—解決”型的語篇模式。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列黑體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.　　　　　　　　
②(熟詞生義)But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.　　　　　　　　
③(熟詞生義)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.　　　　　　　　
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①ice crystals　　　　　　 _____________　　
②the provincial government 　 _____________　　　　　　　
③opposite effect 　　　　　 ____________　
④lack of scientific proof 　　 _____________　　　　　
⑤win a lawsuit against 　　　 _____________　　　　　
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
抓標志：從屬連詞　_____________　　　　
判類型：主句＋目的狀語＋時間狀語從句
試翻譯：飛機在有威脅的風暴中心中播撒一種化學物質，使小冰晶還沒來得及變成危險的冰雹就像雨一樣落下。
2．But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
抓標志：從屬連詞　_____________　　　　
判類型：主句＋賓語從句
試翻譯：但是，在艾伯塔省中東部的農民們擔心，“防雹計劃”飛行的下風處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干旱的土地上偷走。
由教材典句，學高級表達　
句式　the moment引導時間狀語從句
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)“一……就……”的表達形式：
①immediately/directly/instantly＋從句
②the moment/minute/instant＋從句
③upon/on＋n./doing ...
④no sooner ... than .../hardly ...when ...
⑤as soon as＋從句
(2)在no sooner ... than .../hardly ... when ...句型中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒裝。
|習|練|規|則|　(一句多譯/句式升級)
①一回到家，我就把花在花瓶里插好。
→I arranged the flowers in the vase 　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　.(the moment)
→I arranged the flowers in the vase 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(on doing)
②We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(升級為倒裝句)
|應|用|寫|美|
③(動作描寫)我頭一沾枕頭就睡著了。(as soon as)
I fell asleep 　.
④(動作描寫)一聽到有人喊“救命”，他就沖出了房子。(upon doing)
　　　　　　　　　　　　 of “help”， he dashed out of the house.
⑤(心理描寫)我太震驚了以至于一聽到這個消息我就僵在了原地。(the moment)
So shocked was I that I was frozen to the spot 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
建構語義場，豐富語料庫　
子語境(一)　災難爆發
1．the endless rain　　　　　無盡的雨
2．push against the other 你推我搡
3．be caught/trapped in 陷入(困境)
4．hurry blindly and fearfully on
驚慌失措地盲目奔逃
5．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof.
風在怒吼，雨敲打著房頂。
6．At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
那一刻，他們感到腳下的大地正在顫抖；他們聽到遠處有屋頂坍塌的巨響。
子語境(二)　應對措施
1．practise earthquake safety procedures
地震安全規程演練
2．keep calm to solve the problem保持鎮靜以解決問題
3．Sabrina was frightened, but she soon kept her head.　薩布麗娜嚇壞了，不過她很快冷靜下來。
4．Her students' reaction was quick and correct — they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.
她的學生們反應迅速正確——他們頭朝里，鉆到桌子下面，并緊緊抓住桌腿。
子語境(三)　災害的影響
1．do damage to ...　　　　　對……造成損害
2．cause economic loss 造成經濟損失
3．lose one's life 喪命
4．cut off electricity 斷電
5．be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟
6．Local farmers were desperate because the strong winds had done great damage to their wheat crops.　當地農民非常絕望，因為強風對他們的小麥造成了巨大損害。
7．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
在此次地震中喪生或身受重傷的人數超過了40萬。
子語境(四)　災難逃生
1．make their escape　　　　　逃生
2．warn sb.of the danger 提醒某人有危險
3．get away from 逃離
4．run to safety 跑到安全地帶
5．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
就在巨浪拍岸的前一刻，海灘上的人迅速疏散一空。
6．She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
她示意學生們用雙手護著頭，排好隊，有序離開教室。
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟　
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(黑體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Natural disasters happen almost every day.In order to protect ourselves from these disasters, some measures should be taken.
First of all, we need to set a sound pre-warning mechanism, ①　　　　　　　　　　　(這使我們能夠在早期階段最大限度地確認潛在風險)．Secondly, an excellent Disaster Assistance Reaction Team should be equipped ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (救援災民) and they will take action quickly ③　　　　　　　　　　　　 (災難一發生)．Most importantly, everyone should learn some ways to save themselves and ④　　　　　　　　　　　　 (記得在面對自然災害時保持冷靜)．
Only by the above-mentioned practical measures can we respond quickly to natural disasters.
(二)主題語段的細節描寫訓練
1．災難場景(表達邏輯：地震場景描寫→烘托危險氣氛→襯托內心恐懼)
①　　　　　　　　　　　 (大地開始顫動)．All across the city, streets ripped open.Buildings swayed.②　　　　　　　　　　　 (墻壁倒塌) and houses came crashing down.Windows shattered and ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (破碎的玻璃落在他的四周)．He tried to scream, but his throat was coated with dust.He wanted to run, but he couldn't even stand.④　　　　　　　　　　　　 (震動太劇烈了)．And then there was a sound like an explosion.The ceiling above his head burst open.
2．遭遇災難(表達邏輯：雪崩發生→積極自救)
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (Paul立刻意識到) what was happening.“Avalanche (雪崩)！” he yelled to Scott, who was not far behind.Instantly, ②　　　　　　　　　　　 (兩個人都被一大團雪擊中) that would hit and carry them some 500 feet down the mountain.They remembered ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他們上過的雪崩生存課)．Keep your head up.Try to swim.Stay on top of the snow.But the snow was too powerful and ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他們感覺自己就像洗衣機中滾動著的一團衣服)．
3．災后感悟(表達邏輯：直面災后慘狀→救助受傷的災民→對這一經歷的感慨)
We waited a long time before going downstairs.Hardly had the rushing water dropped when we saw the unrecognizable hotel gate.①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (到處都是淤泥和破碎的家具)．Some people ②　　　　　　　　　　　　 (被困在水中的人) were either unconscious or burst into tears with pain.What we saw weakened our heart and ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我們在死里逃生后決定幫助受害者)．Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before.The special trip to Penang ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (在我心中留下了深刻的印象)．
UNIT 2　Natural disasters
[課堂學案·過詞匯關]
一、變形詞匯
1．unbearable　2.curiosity　3.relieve　4.orderly　5.sharpen　6.reactions
二、重點詞匯
1．①to　②to ask　③It occurred to me that
2．①of　②informed　③information　④informed
3．①shocked　②shocking　③He stood there in shock
4．①you supplied/offered to me　②supplies a chance to members;
supplies members with a chance
5．①distant　②The sound of water in the distance
③kept everyone at a distance
6．①come to our rescue　②rescuing the drowning boy;
the rescue workers; rescuing him from danger
三、重點短語
①may be run out of/used up　②running after; ran across/into; ran into; run away from; ran out of
四、一詞多義
1．①C　②A　③E　④B　2.①B　②C　③D　④A
3．①D　②B　③A　④C
[遷移應用·過閱讀關]
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大的防雹干預計劃之爭。選文提醒我們既要認識自然災害，有災害防范意識，又要辯證思考面對災害的最佳解決方式，提高應對災害的能力。
1．選B　細節理解題。根據第一段中“As a result ...dangerous hailstones.”可知，這個項目的目標是防止冰雹的形成。
2．選A　細節理解題。根據第一段中“But farmers in east central Alberta ...worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔省中東部的農民反對這個項目。
3．選C　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可推知，多斯韋爾博士提到他在1999年看到的龍卷風是為了提示人工降雨可能帶來的危險。
4．選D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Due to the lack of scientific proof ...a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.”可推知，人工降雨公司將繼續存在。
[語篇精讀]
二、1.①v.播撒　②adj.干旱的　③v.發表演講
2．①冰晶　②省政府　③相反的效果　④缺乏科學證據
⑤贏得對……的訴訟
三、1.before　2.that
[發展提升·過表達關]
由教材典句，學高級表達
[句式]　①the moment I arrived home; on arriving home
②Hardly had we left the dormitory
③as soon as my head hit the pillow　④Upon hearing shouts
⑤the moment I heard the news
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)①which enables us at large to confirm the potential risks at an early stage
②to rescue the victims　③the moment a disaster occurs
④remember to keep their head in the face of natural disasters
(二)1.①The earth began to shake　②Walls collapsed
③broken glass fell all around him　④The shaking was too hard
2．①It immediately occurred to Paul
②both were hit by a mass of snow
③the avalanche survival lessons they had attended
④they felt themselves rolling like a load of clothes in a washing machine
3．①There was dirt and broken furniture everywhere
②who were caught in the water
③we decided to help the victims after a narrow escape
④was deeply impressed in my mind
1 / 19必修3　UNIT 2　課時作業(二)　語言技能綜合訓練
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·廣州模擬)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a __1__ as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down __2__.Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were __3__ and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better __4__ the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really, I had no __5__ where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay __6__.I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.
The call left me in __7__.Breathe, I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I __8__ my location online and explained what I was __9__， wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.I got a __10__ from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more __11__.
Then I saw a big __12__ in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me, __13__ the wind and snow each step of the way.“You'll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the __14__.I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house, I burst into tears of __15__.
1．A.shortcut　　 　　　　B．turn
C．look D．risk
2．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
3．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
4．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
5．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
6．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
7．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
8．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
9．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
10．A.tip B．comment
C．like D．message
11．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
12．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
13．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
14．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
15．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2025·咸陽模擬)Chinese achievements in pollution control, ecological recovery and protection, and green development China __1__ (make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing, __2__ a senior official pointed out China's __3__ (participate) and leadership in global climate governance.
According to the press briefing, China has been the __4__ (fast) in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent.Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also __5__ (effective) tackled.Ecological systems __6__ (protect) and restored.National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species saw their wild populations recover, marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity.
The country has taken __7__ active part in cooperation on climate change.It has done its best to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity __8__ (reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change.It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change __9__ more than 120 developing countries.
__10__ (head) forward, China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change.
Ⅲ.應用文寫作精品課件·名師析題
(2025·福州模擬)假定你是李華，你校英文報正在為今年的“全國生態日(National Ecology Day)”征集環保口號(slogan)。請你給口號征集負責人Alan寫一封郵件，內容包括：
1．你提出的口號；
2．口號的含義及優點。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　
　
　
　
　
課時作業(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在一場突如其來的暴風雪中迷路被困，隨后通過社交媒體發出求救信號，最終得到一位陌生人在惡劣天氣中的援助，并被引領至安全之地。
1．選D　根據下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”可知，作者冒了很大風險。
2．選B　根據下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，雪下得很快。
3．選C　根據下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此處指暴風雪中車窗的狀態；分析選項可知，C項“結冰”符合語境。
4．選A　根據下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此處指沿著路邊。
5．選B　根據下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴風雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里。
6．選C　根據上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下來但為了取暖，仍然保持汽車發動機運轉。
7．選D　根據上文“The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者報警求救，卻被告知要等一晚上，故作者感到驚慌失措。
8．選C　根據下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在網上發了帖子。
9．選B　根據下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者講述的是自己經歷的事情。
10．選D　根據下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一條消息。
11．選B　根據上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人打算幫助作者，使作者感到如釋重負。
12．選D　根據下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此處指的是人影。
13．選A　根據上文語境可知，幫助作者的人頂著風雪前來，A項“fighting”符合語境。
14．選D　根據下文“I drove slowly behind him.”可知，前來幫忙的人知道方向，所以作者跟著他開車。
15．選C　根據上文“But really, I had no ________ where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴風雪中迷路時受到了陌生人幫助，故作者心懷感激。
Ⅱ.語法填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了近幾年中國在應對全球氣候變化方面取得的成就。
1．has made　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，make作定語從句的謂語；根據時間狀語“in the past decade”可知，應用現在完成時；主語是China，為第三人稱單數，謂語也應用單數形式。
2．where　考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是a Friday press briefing，在從句中作地點狀語，應用where引導。
3．participation　考查名詞。空前是名詞所有格，所以空處應用名詞作賓語，表示“參與”，故填participation。
4．fastest　考查形容詞最高級。根據語境及空前的定冠詞the可知，此處應填形容詞最高級。
5．effectively　考查副詞。空處修飾空后的動詞，應用副詞形式。故填effectively。
6．are protected　考查動詞時態和語態。protect作本句謂語，和主語Ecological systems之間是被動關系，應用被動語態；描述客觀事實，應用一般現在時。
7．an　考查冠詞。take an active part in意為“積極參加”，為固定搭配。故填an。
8．to reduce　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞has done，所以reduce應用非謂語形式；根據句意可知，此處表目的，應用不定式作目的狀語。
9．for　考查介詞。train for意為“為……訓練”，為固定搭配。
10．Heading　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞will work，所以head應用非謂語形式，且和邏輯主語China之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞形式；空處位于句首，首字母應大寫。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作(參考范文)
Dear Alan，
Having learned that our newspaper is collecting slogans for the National Ecology Day, I'm writing to introduce my own version: One Earth, One Family.
I think my slogan is very persuasive.Although we live in different countries or different parts of a country, we have only one Earth.So it is our shared responsibility to protect our home planet and safeguard the biodiversity on Earth.My slogan also shows that only with joint efforts from all over the world can we protect our home planet.
I will consider it a great honor if my slogan is selected.
Best regards!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
3 / 3必修3　UNIT 2　課時作業(三)　讀后續寫講評訓練
精品課件·名師析題
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
[1] It began as a typical January day. The grey skies were heavy with snow and wind in front of Valleyview School. I was in my first year of teaching and had no idea that this approaching snowstorm would be so severe.
[2] By mid day the principal called the school buses back so the three hundred kids could get home safely before it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, excited to go home early. The buses arrived but the storm suddenly worsened before the waiting kids could board and it was quickly clear no one was going anywhere soon. By now the bus drivers and a couple of snowplow (鏟雪車) operators were discussing the situation. There were over three hundred children, staff, bus and snowplow drivers stuck inside the school.
[3] Night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping. We were facing some basic questions. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner Where would they sleep？
[4] Earl, our school gatekeeper, began working non stop to keep the heater running. Concerned about the old pipes freezing, he wrapped them with whatever material he could find. With our electricity lines swaying under the increasing weight of ice and snow in heavy winds, what would we do if we lost power A plan was definitely needed.
[5] Every parent was called to reassure them that their children were safe, and then people who lived close enough to brave the storm were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people had managed to travel through the heavy and blinding snow bringing bags of sandwiches, tinned juices, blankets and a couple of board games. One woman, who lived right on the edge of the school, wrapped herself up and felt through the blinding snow with a huge kettle and enough ingredients to make tomato soup for at least half of the school. There wasn't a lot of food, but everything was shared, no one went hungry, and no one complained.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids.　
　
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.　
　
[寫作構思指導]
一、讀文路徑(把握結構主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關注伏筆照應
伏筆1(句①)：暗示雪停后，人們會為校車用鏟雪車清理出車道。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示老師們會為學生解決睡覺問題。
伏筆3(句③)：暗示老師會組織孩子們開展一些娛樂性活動并且部分解決學生睡覺的問題。
3．構思續寫內容(運用“5所”構思)
第一段：
①How did we make sleep arrangements for children？(根據前文伏筆2提出問題：所見——接續首句)
②What did the teachers do for the kids？(根據前文伏筆3提出問題：所做——推進情節)
③How did the kids feel？And what did they do？(所感、所做——推進情節)
④How did the staff spend the night？(所做——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤How did the people clean the snow next morning？(所做——接續首句)
⑥What did others do to help the children and staff？(根據前文伏筆1提出問題：所做——推進情節)
⑦What did the helpers do after the children were rescued？(所做——推進情節)
⑧What lesson did we learn from the event？(所感——主旨升華)
[邏輯潤色成文]
一、寫好兩個關鍵語段
1．請設計老師們為孩子們安排的娛樂活動及孩子們樂觀自娛的場景。
　
　
　
2．請設計一個合理的結尾。
　
　
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. 　
　
　
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow. 　
　
課時作業(三)
一、1.Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained.
2．(感悟式結尾)Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.
(情景式結尾)With the shining sunlight casting on everyone, we all felt a surge of warmth running through our bodies.
二、　　Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. As the evening came, the school gymnasium was transformed into a temporary dormitory, with rows of mats laid out and blankets spread for the children to sleep on. (對應伏筆2和伏筆3) Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. (對應伏筆3) Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. (心理描寫) Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. Meanwhile, the staff worked tirelessly to ensure that everyone was warm and safe throughout the night. (動作描寫)
The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow. The snowplows began to work. Parents and nearby residents arrived with tools in hand, ready to help dig out the buses a path through the snow. (對應伏筆1) The community spirit was truly inspiring, and together we were able to clear a path for the buses to finally leave. As the last bus carrying the last students pulled away, cheers erupted from those who remained behind. It was a challenging experience, but one that brought us all closer together. Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved.
3 / 3必修3　UNIT 2　課時作業(一)　主題閱讀集群訓練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·保定模擬)Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘)．It's what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蝕)．
Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio Marinello, 15, and her daughter's friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind.But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away.“The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.“The dune grass cost the town D|S32,000.”
The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment.While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10.She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.“I'd be willing to do it again，” she said.“I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.”
While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach's appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand.“Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches，” Florio said.
1．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event
A．To protect the ocean from being polluted.
B．To keep the shoreline in good shape.
C．To reduce extreme weather conditions.
D．To prevent people playing on the beach.
2．Which of the following can best describe the dune grass planting event
A．Popular but costly.
B．Traditional but complex.
C．Creative and economical.
D．Successful and rewarding.
3．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting
A．Incapable.　　　　　　B．Disappointed.
C．Hopeless. D．Motivated.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Great Grass Planting
B．The Best of the Storm
C．Spirit Never Washed Away
D．Volunteers Making History Together
B
(2025·江西重點中學聯考) Inside a large room at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), tens of thousands of seeds are stored at a constant temperature of －20 ℃.Some of them may hold keys to helping us face the future.
“Our center holds as many as 120,000 varieties of seeds.Many of them come from crops as old as agriculture itself.Other seeds were selected by researchers who've hiked in the past four decades through forests and mountains in the Middle East, Asia and North Africa, searching for wild relatives of wheat, rice, legumes (豆科植物) and other crops that are important to the human diet，” says Mariana Yazbek, who manages the research center.
The research center, formed in the 1970s, once mostly helped farmers in poorer countries in hot and dry climates.But now it also sends seeds to scientists in Europe, Canada and the United States, to improve certain crops' resistance to the effects of climate change.
“What we are collecting is a sample of the diversity that we have in nature，” adds Yazbek.“We save seeds in case extreme droughts, floods or other catastrophic events should wipe out plant species.These wild relatives of crops have witnessed so many different climates.The qualities that help them adapt and survive in these conditions are stored in their DNA.We have this diversity and it can be a tool to help us face the future.”
Yazbek says scientists are particularly interested in crops like the legume because it absorbs a lot of greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere.It also releases N into the soil, meaning the farmers have to use less chemical fertilizer.And the legume takes very little water to grow because it produces sugar alcohols that act as humectants, a substance that attracts and absorbs water and saves the plant from freezing or drying out.
In another case, a wild wheat seed collected in Iran has allowed scientists in the US to develop new wheat varieties resistant to the Hessian fly, a harmful insect that causes tens of millions of dollars in damage to American crops every year.
5．What can be learned about ICARDA
A．It has a complete collection of seeds.
B．It just helps the undeveloped countries.
C．It used to develop seeds for rich countries.
D．It focuses on saving ancient and wild seeds.
6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 4
A．Important. B．Wasteful.
C．Terrible. D．Unforgettable.
7．What can be inferred about the legume
A．It will grow much better in wet areas.
B．It is friendly to the environment and soil.
C．It will become the main crop for humans.
D．It has difficulty in adapting to cold climate.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Seeds Stored at ICARDA May Help Us Improve Our Crops
B．A New Invaluable Seed Bank Is Constructed at ICARDA
C．Scientists Have Made Breakthroughs in Ancient Seed Study
D．New Seeds Are Successfully Developed for North America
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 精品課件·名師析題
(2025·河北高三大聯考)We are all victims of climate change.Fighting with climate change can feel stressed, but there are a lot of things you can do to protect yourself and your loved ones.Experts recommend the following steps.
·__9__ Talk to your doctor about what types of alerts or weather events you should be looking out for when it comes to heat, stress interactions with medications, or exposures to heat, cold and virus.
·Prepare an emergency supply kit.This is especially important if you live in an area where flooding, hurricanes, or wildfires break out easily.Your family need to be safe.__10__
·Eat less meat, and take more vitamins.Research found that the diets low in meat and high in fruits and vegetables were linked with less greenhouse gas emissions.__11__ Therefore, you should reduce people's vulnerability in high temperatures.
·Reduce the amount of single use plastics in your life.The Natural Resources Defense Council says that small individual choices can add up.__12__ For example, you can carry grocery bags and a reusable water bottle and cook more at home.
·Pay attention to heat warnings, and find ways to stay cool.__13__ If you have air conditioning, make sure it is working, or find out a place with air conditioning, like a shopping mall, public library, or cooling shelter or community.Make sure you check on your friends during a heat wave, and ask that they check on you.
A．Increase your health knowledge.
B．It has tips on using easy alternatives.
C．Don't be exposed to all kinds of climates.
D．They could also lower risks of some diseases.
E．And don't forget emergency supplies for pets!
F．Housing quality plays a huge role in your staying cool.
G．Even a few hours a day of air conditioning can avoid heat illness.
課時作業(一)　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
[A]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。為了防止海灘沙丘被海岸線侵蝕，Oyster Bay的志愿者開展了沙丘植草活動。雖然種植的植物在暴風雨中被摧毀，但志愿者們的意志未被摧毀，他們準備再次嘗試。
1．選B　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，沙丘植草活動旨在幫助穩定海灘沙丘，防止其被海岸線侵蝕，以此保持海岸線良好的形狀。
2．選A　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“The latest dune ...town D|S32,000.”對參加該活動的人數和其花費的描述可知，沙丘植草活動受到了大家的歡迎和支持，但有點費錢。
3．選D　推理判斷題。根據第三段中“She said she would go back for another event ...coming.”可知，Maria Rizzi對沙丘植草活動充滿希望，積極性很高。
4．選C　標題歸納題。根據全文內容，結合第三段中“While the outcome ...motivation.”和第四段內容可知，為了防止海灘沙丘被海岸線侵蝕，Oyster Bay的志愿者開展了沙丘植草活動。雖然種植的植物在暴風雨中被摧毀，但志愿者們的意志未被摧毀，他們準備再次嘗試。故C項“從未被沖走的精神”適合作文章標題。
[B]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了國際干旱地區農業研究中心(ICARDA)成立的時間、主要業務、工作區域等，并介紹了它對世界農業發展所起的重要作用。
5．選D　細節理解題。根據第二段中Mariana Yazbek 說的話可知，ICARDA致力于收集古老和野生的種子。
6．選C　詞義猜測題。分析畫線詞所在句可知，畫線詞與“極端干旱”和“洪水”并列，由此可推出其詞義應與C項接近，表示“災難性的，極糟的”。
7．選B　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中Yazbek說的話可知，豆科植物能吸收大量的溫室氣體二氧化碳，還將氮釋放到土壤中，對環境和土壤都很友好。
8．選A　標題歸納題。通讀全文特別是第一段和第三段可知，儲存在ICARDA的種子可以改善農作物的基因，提高作物對氣候變化影響的抵抗力，故A項“儲存在ICARDA的種子可以幫助改善我們的作物”適合作文章標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在氣候變化的情況下保護自己和家人的一些措施。
9．選A　下文建議人們和醫生談論一些需要注意的事項。故A項“增加你的健康知識”能概括本段內容，符合語境。
10．選E　上文提到了家人需要安全，空處為段尾句，應指出，除了人之外，寵物的應急設備也要準備。故E項“別忘了寵物的應急用品”承接上文，符合語境。
11．選D　本段提到要少吃肉、多吃水果和蔬菜，接著介紹了這樣做的好處——減少溫室氣體排放。故D項“它們還可以降低患某些疾病的風險”承接上文，繼續說明少吃肉的好處。
12．選B　上文提到減少生活中一次性塑料的使用量，結合后文的例子可知，可以選擇塑料的替代品。故B項“它有使用簡單替代品的提示”承上啟下，符合語境。
13．選G　上文提到要注意高溫警告，想辦法保持涼爽，G項“即使每天開幾個小時的空調也能避免中暑”承接上文，說明具體保持涼爽的方法。
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