資源簡介

|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．astronaut n．　　　　　宇航員，航天員
2．gravity n. 重力；嚴重性；嚴肅
3．cupboard n. 壁櫥；櫥柜，衣柜
4．ceiling n. 天花板；上限
5．mission n. 任務；使命，天職；
軍事行動；太空飛行任務
6．creature n. 動物，生物；人
7．mosquito n. 蚊子
8．microscope n. 顯微鏡
9．maintenance n. 維護，保養；維持，保持
10．radiation n. 輻射，放射線
11．luxury n. 不常有的樂趣(或享受)；奢侈品
12．tube n. 管，管子；軟管
13．pill n. 藥丸，藥片
14．leisure n. 閑暇，空閑
15．crew n. 全體工作人員
16．permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的
17．kit n. 成套設備，成套工具
18．telescope n. 望遠鏡
19．orbit vt.& vi. 圍繞……運動，沿軌道運行
n. (天體等運行的)軌道
20．astronomer n. 天文學家
21．administration n. 行政部門；管理，行政
22．mechanic n. 機械師，技工
23．nuclear adj. 核能的，原子能的；核武器的
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．float vi.　　　　　　　飄動，漂流；浮
vt. 使浮動，使漂流
2．bother vt. 使煩惱，使擔心；打擾
vi. 花費時間精力(做某事)
n. 麻煩，困難
3．circumstance n. 條件；狀況
4．visible adj. 看得見的；明顯的
5．furthermore adv. 此外，再者
6．vital adj. 必不可少的，對……極重要的
7．discipline vt. 嚴格要求(自己)；懲罰
n. 訓練，紀律；行為準則；自制力
8．altogether adv. 完全；總共；總之
9．agency n. 機構；代理處
10．comprise vt. 包括，包含；組成，構成
11．scan vt.&vi. 掃描；細看；瀏覽
n. 掃描檢查；快速查閱
12．foundation n. 基礎，根據；地基；創辦；基金會
13．purse n. 資金，財源；錢包
14．tale n. 故事；講述，敘述
15．motive n. 原因，動機，目的
16．shelter n. 居所，住處；庇護
vt. 保護，掩蔽
vi. 躲避
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．absent　　　adj.　　缺席的；心不在焉的
absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
2．occupy vt.　占用，使用；居住；占領，侵占；使忙于
occupation n. 占領；占據；工作；職業
3．evaluate vt. 評估，估計，評價
evaluation n. 評估；評價
4．expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光
exposure n. 面臨，遭受；揭露；報道
5．universe n. 宇宙，天地萬物
universal adj. 普遍的；全體的；全世界的；共同的
6．crucial adj. 至關重要的，關鍵性的
crucially adv. 關鍵地
7．mere adj. 僅僅的，只不過
merely adv. 僅僅，只不過
8．origin n. 起源，起因；出身
original adj.起初的；原來的；首創的；獨創的 n．原著；原作
originate vt. 起源；創立
9．frequent adj. 頻繁的
frequently adv. 頻繁地
frequency n. 發生率，出現率；頻繁；頻率
10．invest v. 投資；投入
investment n. 投資；投入
11．calculate vt. 計算，核算；預測
calculation n. 計算；估計；預測
calculator n. 計算器
12．cover n．覆蓋物；封面；掩護物 v．覆蓋；遮蓋；處理；涉及；包括
coverage n. 新聞報道；覆蓋范圍；信息范圍
13．assist vt. 幫助；協助；援助
assistance n. 幫助；協助
assistant n．助理；售貨員；助教 adj.助理的，副的
14．incredible adj. 難以置信的；極好的
incredibly adv. 極其，極端地；令人難以置信
15．dust n. 沙土，塵土；灰塵，塵埃
dusty adj. 布滿灰塵的
16．constant adj.固定的，不變的；連續發生的，重復的
constantly adv. 不斷地
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．“僅僅”不只是only
①merely　　　　　　　②solely
③barely ④simply
⑤just ⑥alone
⑦rarely ⑧no more than
2．正反全靠前綴
①visible→invisible ②regular→irregular
③legal→illegal ④logical→illogical
⑤dependence→independence
3．形似遠不是神似
①bother 打擾→brother 兄弟
②later 后來→latter 后者
③desert 沙漠→dessert 甜食
④contact 接觸→contract 合同
⑤crow 烏鴉→crown 王冠
|背|短|語|
1．cast new light on　　　使進一步了解……
2．in the circumstances 在這種情況下，既然如此
3．lay the foundation for 為……打下基礎
4．put on 穿上(衣服)；上演(戲劇等)
5．lead to 導致；造成(后果)；通向
6．take place 發生；舉行
7．protect ...from 保護……免受
8．make sense of 理解，弄懂
9．make contributions to 為……做出貢獻
10．due to 因為，由于
11．attach ...to 依附于，附屬
12．carry out 實施，執行
13．in view of 鑒于，考慮到
14．plain to see 顯而易見的
15．long to do sth. 渴望做某事
16．look up at 抬頭，仰望
17．be curious about 對……好奇
18．apply to 適用于
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. (as引導讓步狀語從句)
雖然地球的景色十分壯觀，但太空行走并不像你們想象的那么激動人心。
2．That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.(That's why...“那就是為什么……”)
那就是為什么(我們)要仔細規劃好每次的太空行走。
3．Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health.(be of＋抽象名詞)
花些時間在健身房鍛煉對宇航員的健康至關重要。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：宇宙探索
1．So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.
宇宙還有很多未探索的領域，我們才剛剛接近這段奇幻發現之旅的起點。
2．In my opinion, people should be pioneering, and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
在我看來，人們應該開拓進取，因此這種對外太空的探索是值得嘗試的。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：情感表達之“疲憊”
The storm was so huge that I couldn't pull myself out of the water. After a while, I felt rather tired and out of breath. I almost gave up and thought I would lose my life in the sea. I also felt regret that I didn't listen to what the old man told me before. I felt deeper and deeper into the wave.Then just as it seemed as if I would sink into the sea, I heard a loud voice.It was the old man who was rowing his boat to me.
暴風雨太大，我脫離不了水面。過了一會兒，我精疲力盡，氣喘吁吁，我幾乎要放棄了，心想我要喪生大海，我也后悔沒聽老人言。我感覺到在波浪里越陷越深，然后就好像我要沉入海底。這時聽到一個響亮的聲音，原來正是那位老人劃著船向我駛來。
高分悟道 本段中的“couldn't pull myself out of，felt rather tired and out of breath，felt deeper and deeper into the wave”等詞匯描述了作者掉入海里后拼命掙扎、感到無助和十分疲憊的情形。
高分有招 常見的描寫人物疲憊的高分詞匯有：tired, exhausted, weary, worn out
本部分內容見《課前默寫本》P591
一、變形詞匯——　
1．It was much annoying that she 　　　　　　 (constant) broke in during our conversation.
2．　　　　　　 (expose) to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.
3．Fatal road accidents have decreased in 　　　　　　 (frequent) over recent years.
4．I am writing to apologize to you for my 　　　　　　 (absent) from the activity of the English club on May 5th.
5．Theories 　　　　　　 (origin) from practice and in turn serve practice.
6．Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct 　　　　　　 (calculate)．
易錯微點
1．absence的常見搭配有absence of mind“心不在焉”，in one's absence“在某人不在時”，in the absence of“由于缺乏”。
2．originate意為“發源于，開端于”，常見搭配有originate from“來自；源于”，originate in“歸因于；產生于”。
3．calculate 的常見用法有calculate on/upon“依靠；依賴；期待；指望”，It is calculated that ...“據預測……”。
二、重點詞匯——　
1．bother vt.使煩惱，使擔心；花費時間精力(做某事)；打擾 vi.花費時間精力(做某事) n．麻煩，困難
①Don't bother 　　　　　　 (look) for my umbrella.It will turn up some day.
②I'm sorry I have bothered you 　　　　 so many questions.
③(心理描寫)That I can't keep up with others bothers me.
→_____________________________________(升級為it作形式主語)
→_____________________________________　(升級為what引導的主語從句)
bother to do/doing sth.費心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人
bother sb.to do sth.麻煩某人做某事
It bothers sb.that ...
＝What bothers sb. is that ... 使某人苦惱的是……
2．occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占領，侵占；使忙于
①He was 　　　　　　 (occupy) in translating an English novel last year.
②Please fill in your name, address and 　　　　　　 (occupy) in this form.
③(道歉信)I'm sorry to tell you I am occupied in preparing my paper, so I had no time for your party.
→I'm sorry to tell you _____________________， I had no time for your party.(升級為過去分詞作狀語)
→I'm sorry to tell you _______________________________， I had no time for your party.(升級為現在分詞作狀語)
(1)occupy oneself with sth.
＝occupy oneself (in) doing sth.忙于(做)某事；專心于(做)某事
(2)occupied adj.忙于……的；從事……的
be occupied with sth.
＝be occupied (in) doing sth. 　　　　　　　 　忙于做某事
(3)occupation n．　占領；職業；工作
3．vital adj.必不可少的，對……極重要的；維持生命所必需的
①(話題寫作之科技發展)As is known to all, ____________________， from which we will benefit a lot.
眾所周知，互聯網對我們至關重要，我們將從中受益良多。
②(主旨升華句)If we are to make a difference in life, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果我們想要在生活中產生影響，重要的是我們應該從小事開始。
③(話題寫作之環境保護) We all acknowledge that trees 　　　　　　　　　　 and the survival of our planet.They 　　　　　　　　　 reducing global warming and creating habitat for thousands of different species.So, 　　　　　　　　　 to fight deforestation and promote tree planting.
我們都承認樹木對于環境以及地球的生存至關重要。它們在減緩全球變暖以及為成千上萬不同物種創造棲息地方面發揮著極其重要的作用。因此，對我們來說，打擊亂砍濫伐并促進植樹造林極為重要。
(1)be vital for/to sth. 對……極為重要
It is vital to do sth. 　做某事很重要
It is vital that ...(should) do sth.……是十分重要的
(2)vitally adv. 極其；絕對
名師指津：在句型“It is vital that ...”中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。用法類似的表示情緒、觀點的形容詞或名詞還有：necessary、 important、 impossible、 natural、 strange、 surprising、 funny、 right、 wrong、 better、 a pity、 a shame等。
4.circumstance n．條件，狀況；(circumstances)境況，(尤指)經濟狀況
①Wherever he goes, he can adapt himself to new 　　　　　 (circumstance)．
②(細節描寫)It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
這也許不是一個完美的解決辦法，但這是在此情況下我能做得最好的。
③(主旨升華句)Additionally, we learned that help means 　　　　　　　　　　　　， we should give a hand to people in a dilemma.　此外，我們學到了幫助意味著在任何情況下，我們都應該向處于困境中的人伸出援助之手。
under/in the circumstances在這種情況下，既然如此
under/in no circumstances 決不；無論如何都不(位于句首時，句子要倒裝)
under any circumstances 在任何情況下；無論如何
三、重點短語——　
cast new light on使進一步了解……
①Recent scientific discoveries 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the phenomenon, which bewildered the scientists for many years.　最近的科學發現使得科學家對這一困惑了他們多年的現象有了進一步了解。
②(動作描寫)She 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the stands in search of a chair to sit in.
她掃視了一眼周圍的看臺，想找個椅子坐下。
③(景物描寫)On the lazy Sunday afternoons, the sun shone through the leaves, 　 the lawn.
在慵懶的周日午后，陽光透過樹葉照進來，在草坪上投下陰影。
④(寫作增分句)　　　　　　　　　　 by temporary failures.Make more attempts and you will create miracles in the end.
不要因為暫時的失敗而沮喪。多嘗試，最終你會創造奇跡。
cast/throw/shed light on/upon弄清楚，使人明白
cast a glance at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧
cast a glance around　環顧四周
cast/throw/shed a shadow/shadows on/over 給……蒙上陰影
cast down 使失望；使沮喪
cast sb.in the role of ... 選某人演……角色
名師指津：cast/shed/throw light on 本意是“使明白；使清楚”，常引申為“闡明；使人理解；為……提供線索/思路/啟示”等意思，相當于enlighten 或 illustrate。
四、一詞多義——　
1.①In my view, you don't realize the gravity of the situation.　_________　　②Even children must behave with gravity at a funeral.　 _________　　③When on the moon, we lose the gravity of the earth.　 _________　　 1.gravityA．n.重力，地球引力B．n.嚴重性C．n.嚴肅
2.①Remember to put on more clothes to keep warm when you go out.　 _________　　②Protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside.　　 _________　③I didn't see him but I heard him put on his favourite CD.　　 _________　④Her balanced diet became a success and she didn't put on more weight. _________　　　⑤Obviously, this form of dance is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable.　 _________　　 2.put onA．涂，抹B．穿；戴C．上演；展出D．增加(體重)E．播放F．提高……的成本(或價值)
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
(說明：文中加黑詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2020·天津5月高考·閱讀理解C篇)Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short haul flights powered by batteries.
Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30,000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, we're currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes，” says CEO Greg McDougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world's first commercial flight with an electric engine.
Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment; it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses D|S400 on conventional fuel for a 100 mile flight, while an electric one costs D|S8－12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.
While there has been real progress in the e plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11,890 watt hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.
The transition (過渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids — vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same pattern could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take off and landing.
It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery powered planes, especially on short haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years.
[真題評價]
1．According to Para. 1, what is happening in air transport？(　 )
A．New explorations of the sky are being launched.
B．Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled.
C．Efforts are being made to make air travel greener.
D．Demand for short haul flights is increasing massively.
2．Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights？(　 )
A．It runs short routes.
B．It has a strong partner.
C．Its planes can land on the sea.
D．It has planes with powerful engines.
3．The expression “added bonus” refers to the fact that electric planes ________.(　 )
A．give passengers more pleasant views
B．bring airlines more financial benefits
C．offer more enjoyable flying experiences
D．cost less in maintenance than traditional ones
4．What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying？(　 )
A．To improve the ground service for e planes.
B．To find qualified technicians for the e plane industry.
C．To calculate the energy needed to power e planes.
D．To balance power and weight of batteries in e planes.
5．What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight？(　 )
A．To produce new electric components.
B．To increase battery consumption.
C．To use mixed power technology.
D．To expand the landing field.
6．What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying？(　 )
A．Short sighted.　　　　 B．Wait and see.
C．Optimistic. D．Skeptical.
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，語篇結構為“總—分—總”。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列黑體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense ...　　_________________　　　　　　
②(一詞多義)In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.　 _________________　　　　　　　
③(轉化詞)The transition (過渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids — vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity.　　 _________________　　　　　　
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①answer for　　　　　　_________________　　
②fit for 　　　　　　　_________________　
③partner up with 　　　_________________　　　　　
④factor in 　　　　　　_________________　　
⑤keep one's feet on the ground 　_________________　　　　　　　
⑥take the lead 　　　_________________　　　　　
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．... a small aircraft uses D|S400 on conventional fuel for a 100 mile flight, while an electric one costs D|S8－12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine.
抓標志：并列連詞_________________和_________________；從屬連詞_________________
判類型：簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句＋并列連詞＋復合句(含有一個表語從句)
試翻譯：……一架小型飛機飛行100英里需要400美元的傳統燃料，而飛行同樣距離電動飛機只需要8到12美元，這還不包括傳統發動機較高的維護成本。
2．While there has been real progress in the e plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground.
抓標志：從屬連詞　_________________；關系代詞　_________________
判類型：讓步狀語從句＋主句(含有一個定語從句)
試翻譯：雖然電動飛機行業已經取得了真正的進步，但仍然存在的技術挑戰使得每個人都在踏實做事。
由教材典句，學高級表達　
句式1　That's why ...
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)This/That is why ...意為“這/那就是……的原因”，why引導表語從句，表示結果。
(2)This/That/It is because ...意為“這/那是因為……”，because引導表語從句，表示原因。
(3)The reason why ...is/was that ...意為“……的原因是……”，why引導定語從句并在從句中作狀語；that引導表語從句，表示原因。
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①Less is more.So we say: reduce things by half instead of doubling them.
→Less is more.　　　　　　　　　　： reduce things by half instead of doubling them.
②We choose this movie for the reason：It represents the development of our beloved school.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 it represents the development of our beloved school.(the reason why ...is that ...)
|應|用|寫|美|
③(演講稿)我之所以推薦這句諺語，是因為它讓我在學業和體質上都得到了提升。
_________________________ it lifts me up both academically and physically.
④(建議信)你練習得越多，就能越流暢地說英語，這是因為熟能生巧。
The more you practise speaking English, the more fluently you'll speak it.　　　　　　　.
句式2　be of＋抽象名詞
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)be of use/importance/significance/help ...＝be useful/important/significant/helpful ...，這些抽象名詞前還可用great、 little、 some、 any、 much、 no等來修飾，說明其程度。
(2)be of colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind ..., 這類名詞前常用different、 the same、 this、 that等來修飾或說明。
(3)be of quality/character/feature ...，這類名詞前常用good、 bad、 nice、 fine、 serious等來修飾或說明。
|習|練|規|則|　(句型轉換/單句寫作)
①A harmonious family is of benefit to a child's personal development.
→A harmonious family 　　　　　　　　　 a child's personal development.
②I hope these suggestions above 　
　　　　　.我希望以上這些建議能對你有所幫助。
|應|用|寫|美|
③(2022·全國乙卷書面表達)在我看來，讀英語書籍有利于提高學生的寫作技能。
In my opinion, reading English books 　______________________________________
students' writing skills.(benefit)
④(2021·全國甲卷書面表達)此外，古箏對中國民間音樂具有重要意義，它能引領你進入一個美妙的音樂世界。
Furthermore, guzheng 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， leading you into a fantastic world of music.(significance)
建構語義場，豐富語料庫　
子語境(一)　太空生活
1．in the hope of finding out　 　 期待弄明白
2．both dangerous and challenging 既危險又有挑戰性
3．the desire to explore the universe 探索宇宙的愿望
4．due to the near absence of gravity in space
由于太空中幾乎沒有重力
5．carry out experiments in other research fields
進行其他研究領域的實驗
6．ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills
通過服用藥片來確保營養的均衡供應
子語境(二)　太空探索的意義
1．make our lives safer and easier使我們的生活更安全、更輕松
2．expand our understanding of the universe　　　　　加深我們對宇宙的理解
3．solve some of the big problems facing mankind
解決人類面臨的一些重大問題
4．a strong motive for continuing to explore space
繼續探索太空的一個強有力的動機
5．motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future激勵他們成為未來的科學家和工程師
6．make major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe
對理解宇宙的起源、演化和可能的未來做出重大貢獻
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟　
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(黑體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Dear astronauts，
I'm writing to ask for some information about astronauts' life on the space station.
Firstly, ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我渴望了解太空中的日常生活是什么樣的) and how it differs from that on the Earth.Considering the negative effects low gravity has on the human body, ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (你們通常采取什么措施來保持身體健康)？Furthermore, what are ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (占用了你們一天大部分時間的日常任務) What do you tend to do during your leisure time Do you often have a spacewalk ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我認為那是最令人興奮的)．
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (希望能像你們一樣為中國的航天事業做出貢獻), I wonder what is vital if I want to be a qualified astronaut.
Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey!
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
(二)對標單元主題創寫語段
Jenny從兒時起就向往像鳥兒一樣自由飛翔，但每當她提到自己的夢想是成為一名飛行員時，總會受到別人的嘲笑。在Jenny生活的社會中，女性是不可能成為飛行員的。高中時，Jenny的老師Mrs Marsha讓大家思考將來會做什么。Jenny忐忑不安地提到自己的夢想，意料之外的是，這次，她沒有被嘲笑，相反，Mrs Marsha告訴她只要盡最大努力，就有實現夢想的可能……
請結合所給首句續寫一段文字，具體描述一下Jenny的感觸和她之后付出的努力，收獲的成果，以及這個故事帶給我們的感悟。
Hearing the words, Jenny felt a relief from her heart and made up her mind to study hard to realize her dream.　
　
　(拍照上傳學生習作，現場品優析劣)
UNIT 2　Out of this world
[課堂學案·過詞匯關]
一、變形詞匯
1．constantly　2.Exposure　3.frequency　4.absence
5．originate　6.calculation
二、重點詞匯
1．①to look/looking　②with/about
③It bothers me that I can't keep up with others.
What bothers me is that I can't keep up with others.
2．①occupied　②occupation　③occupied in preparing my paper; occupying myself in preparing my paper
3．①the Internet is of vital importance to us
②it's vital that we (should) begin with small things
③are vital for/to the environment; play a vital role in;
it is vital for us
4．①circumstances　②under/in the circumstances
③under any circumstances
三、重點短語
①have cast/thrown/shed new light on/upon
②cast a glance around
③casting/throwing/shedding shadows on/over
④Don't be cast down
四、一詞多義
1．①B　②C　③A　2.①B　②A　③E　④D　⑤C
[遷移應用·過閱讀關]
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了空運，尤其是短途空運使用電能作為能量來源的可能性、好處、存在的挑戰以及解決辦法。本文旨在激發學生積極探索未知的熱情，引導學生養成不斷創新的思維品質，培養學生解決實際問題的意識和能力。
1．選C　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，幸運的是，人們正在構想解決空運產生的環境污染的方法，如由電池提供動力的短程航班，即現在人們正在努力讓空中旅行變得更加環保，故C項正確。
2．選A　細節理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，Harbour Air適合使用電能提供動力的飛機的原因是它所有航線的航行時間都不超過30分鐘，換句話說就是航線短，故A項正確。
3．選C　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句可知，“that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in”是同位語從句，解釋說明“added bonus”的內容，而電動飛機飛行時沒有發動機的噪聲，沒有燃油的氣味，這使人們能夠獲得更加愉悅的飛行體驗，故C項正確。
4．選D　推理判斷題。根據第四段最后兩句可知，如果攜帶充足的電池，飛機就會過重而無法起飛。由此可知，平衡電池重量與電量是電力飛行面臨的最大挑戰，故D項正確。
5．選C　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，許多人認為，燃料和電力同時供能這種模式，即混合型供能技術可以運用在空運中，故C項正確。
6．選C　觀點態度題。根據最后一段的內容可知，作者認為電力飛行，尤其是短途旅行中的電力飛行一定會在接下來的幾年中成為現實。由此推知，作者對電力飛行持樂觀態度，故C項正確。
[語篇精讀]
二、1.①adj.合理的　②v.重要　③v.驅動
2．①對……負責　②適合　③與……合作　④將……考慮進去
⑤實事求是，腳踏實地　⑥帶頭；帶領
三、1.while; and; before　2.while; that
[發展提升·過表達關]
由教材典句，學高級表達
[句式1]　①This is why we say
②The reason why we choose this movie is that
③The reason why I recommend the proverb is that
④This is because practice makes perfect
[句式2]　①is beneficial to　②will be of some help to you
③is of benefit to improving
④is of great significance to Chinese folk music
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)①I desire to know what daily life is like up in space
②what measures do you usually take to keep your body healthy
③the routine tasks that/which occupy most of your day
④I think there's nothing more exciting than that
⑤Hoping to make contributions to China's space cause like you
(二)參考范文：
Hearing the words, Jenny felt a relief from her heart and made up her mind to study hard to realize her dream.Encouraged and full of passion, Jenny began to pursue her dream with all her efforts. In the following ten years, she studied hard and never gave up when she was faced with all kinds of difficulties. Eventually, Jenny became a pilot of a famous airline company, realizing her dream of flying in the sky like a bird. All of us may meet different difficulties on our way to success, but if we keep on trying without giving up, we will make it come true.
19 / 19(共162張PPT)
目錄
CONTENTS
遷移應用—過閱讀關
03.
發展提升—過表達關
04.
自主學習—過識記關
01.
課堂學案—過詞匯關
02.
課下測評—過高考關
05.
1
自主學習—過識記關
|背|單|詞|
一、閱讀單詞(明其義)
1．astronaut n．　　　　　 宇航員，航天員
2．gravity n. 重力；嚴重性；嚴肅
3．cupboard n. 壁櫥；櫥柜，衣柜
4．ceiling n. 天花板；上限
5．mission n. 任務；使命，天職；
軍事行動；太空飛行任務
6．creature n. 動物，生物；人
7．mosquito n. 蚊子
8．microscope n. 顯微鏡
9．maintenance n. 維護，保養；維持，保持
10．radiation n. 輻射，放射線
11．luxury n. 不常有的樂趣(或享受)；奢侈品
12．tube n. 管，管子；軟管
13．pill n. 藥丸，藥片
14．leisure n. 閑暇，空閑
15．crew n. 全體工作人員
16．permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的
17．kit n. 成套設備，成套工具
18．telescope n. 望遠鏡
19．orbit vt.& vi. 圍繞……運動，沿軌道運行
n. (天體等運行的)軌道
20．astronomer n. 天文學家
21．administration n. 行政部門；管理，行政
22．mechanic n. 機械師，技工
23．nuclear adj. 核能的，原子能的；
核武器的
二、核心單詞(書寫準)
1．float vi.　　　　　　　 飄動，漂流；浮
vt. 使浮動，使漂流
2．bother vt. 使煩惱，使擔心；打擾
vi. 花費時間精力(做某事)
n. 麻煩，困難
3．circumstance n. 條件；狀況
4．visible adj. 看得見的；明顯的
5．furthermore adv. 此外，再者
6．vital adj. 必不可少的，對……極重要的
7．discipline vt. 嚴格要求(自己)；懲罰
n. 訓練，紀律；行為準則；自制力
8．altogether adv. 完全；總共；總之
9．agency n. 機構；代理處
10．comprise vt. 包括，包含；組成，構成
11．scan vt.&vi. 掃描；細看；瀏覽
n. 掃描檢查；快速查閱
12．foundation n. 基礎，根據；地基；
創辦；基金會
13．purse n. 資金，財源；錢包
14．tale n. 故事；講述，敘述
15．motive n. 原因，動機，目的
16．shelter n. 居所，住處；庇護
vt. 保護，掩蔽
vi. 躲避
三、變形單詞(曉其變)
1．absent adj.　　 缺席的；心不在焉的
absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
2．occupy vt.　 占用，使用；居住；占領，侵占；使忙于
occupation n. 占領；占據；工作；職業
3．evaluate vt. 評估，估計，評價
evaluation n. 評估；評價
4．expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光
exposure n. 面臨，遭受；揭露；報道
5．universe n. 宇宙，天地萬物
universal adj. 普遍的；全體的；全世界的；共同的
6．crucial adj. 至關重要的，關鍵性的
crucially adv. 關鍵地
7．mere adj. 僅僅的，只不過
merely adv. 僅僅，只不過
8．origin n. 起源，起因；出身
original adj. 起初的；原來的；首創的；獨創的
n． 原著；原作
originate vt. 起源；創立
9．frequent adj. 頻繁的
frequently adv. 頻繁地
frequency n. 發生率，出現率；頻繁；頻率
10．invest v. 投資；投入
investment n. 投資；投入
11．calculate vt. 計算，核算；預測
calculation n. 計算；估計；預測
calculator n. 計算器
12．cover n． 覆蓋物；封面；掩護物
v． 覆蓋；遮蓋；處理；涉及；包括
coverage n. 新聞報道；覆蓋范圍；信息范圍
13．assist vt. 幫助；協助；援助
assistance n. 幫助；協助
assistant n． 助理；售貨員；助教
adj. 助理的，副的
14．incredible adj. 難以置信的；極好的
incredibly adv. 極其，極端地；令人難以置信
15．dust n. 沙土，塵土；灰塵，塵埃
dusty adj. 布滿灰塵的
16．constant adj. 固定的，不變的；
連續發生的，重復的
constantly adv. 不斷地
四、同“族”詞匯(巧積累)
1．“僅僅”不只是only
①merely　　　　　　 ②solely
③barely ④simply
⑤just ⑥alone
⑦rarely ⑧no more than
2．正反全靠前綴
①visible→invisible ②regular→irregular
③legal→illegal ④logical→illogical
⑤dependence→independence
3．形似遠不是神似
①bother 打擾→brother 兄弟
②later 后來→latter 后者
③desert 沙漠→dessert 甜食
④contact 接觸→contract 合同
⑤crow 烏鴉→crown 王冠
|背|短|語|
1．cast new light on　　　 使進一步了解……
2．in the circumstances 在這種情況下，既然如此
3．lay the foundation for 為……打下基礎
4．put on 穿上(衣服)；上演(戲劇等)
5．lead to 導致；造成(后果)；通向
6．take place 發生；舉行
7．protect ...from 保護……免受
8．make sense of 理解，弄懂
9．make contributions to 為……做出貢獻
10．due to 因為，由于
11．attach ...to 依附于，附屬
12．carry out 實施，執行
13．in view of 鑒于，考慮到
14．plain to see 顯而易見的
15．long to do sth. 渴望做某事
16．look up at 抬頭，仰望
17．be curious about 對……好奇
18．apply to 適用于
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，學高級句式
1．Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.(as引導讓步狀語從句)
雖然地球的景色十分壯觀，但太空行走并不像你們想象的那么激動人心。
2．That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.(That's why...“那就是為什么……”)
那就是為什么(我們)要仔細規劃好每次的太空行走。
3．Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health.(be of＋抽象名詞)
花些時間在健身房鍛煉對宇航員的健康至關重要。
二、背主題佳句，學出彩表達
單元主題：宇宙探索
1．So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.
宇宙還有很多未探索的領域，我們才剛剛接近這段奇幻發現之旅的起點。
2．In my opinion, people should be pioneering, and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
在我看來，人們應該開拓進取，因此這種對外太空的探索是值得嘗試的。
|背|語|段|
以讀促寫：情感表達之“疲憊”
The storm was so huge that I couldn't pull myself out of the water. After a while, I felt rather tired and out of breath. I almost gave up and thought
I would lose my life in the sea. I also felt regret that I didn't listen to what the old man told me before. I felt deeper and deeper into the wave.Then just as it seemed as if I would sink into the sea, I heard a loud voice.It was the old man who was rowing his boat to me.
暴風雨太大，我脫離不了水面。過了一會兒，我精疲力盡，氣喘吁吁，我幾乎要放棄了，心想我要喪生大海，我也后悔沒聽老人言。我感覺到在波浪里越陷越深，然后就好像我要沉入海底。這時聽到一個響亮的聲音，原來正是那位老人劃著船向我駛來。
高分悟道 本段中的“couldn't pull myself out of，felt rather tired and out of breath，felt deeper and deeper into the wave”等詞匯描述了作者掉入海里后拼命掙扎、感到無助和十分疲憊的情形。
高分有招 常見的描寫人物疲憊的高分詞匯有：
tired, exhausted, weary, worn out
一、默寫核心單詞
1．______ out of the window　　　 從窗口飄出
2．stop __________ me 別再煩我
3．family _____________ 家庭狀況
4．be not _______ to the naked eye 肉眼看不見
5．______________, I have no time to go shopping.
此外，我沒有時間去購物。
float
bothering
circumstance
visible
Furthermore
6．of ______ importance 極其重要的
7．__________ ourselves to do exercise 嚴格要求自己做運動
8．___________ agree with you 完全同意你的意見
9．the local travel ________ 當地旅行社
10．__________ three varieties 包括三個種類
11．______ the documents 掃描文件
12．lay the __________ of one's career 奠定個人事業的基礎
vital
discipline
altogether
agency
comprise
scan
foundations
13．the public _______ 公共資金
14．in ancient ______ 在古老的故事中
15．a strong _______ 一個強烈的動機
16．a rough _______ 一個簡陋的居所
purse
tales
motive
shelter
二、默寫變形單詞 (依據語境提示在橫線上寫出單詞的正確形式)
absence
absent
occupied
occupation
evaluate
evaluation
exposure
exposed
crucial
crucially
mere
merely
calculate
calculation
calculator
incredible
incredibly
constant
constantly
universe
universal
origin
original
assistant
assistance
frequency
frequent
invest
investment
cover
coverage
dust
dusty
三、默寫重點短語
1．________________　　　 使進一步了解……
2．__________________ 在這種情況下，既然如此
3．____________________ 為……打下基礎
4．________ 穿上(衣服)；上演(戲劇等)
5．_______ 導致；造成(后果)；通向
6．__________ 發生；舉行
cast new light on
in the circumstances
lay the foundation for
put on
lead to
take place
7．______________ 保護……免受
8．_____________ 理解，弄懂
9．___________________ 為……做出貢獻
10．___________ 實施，執行
11．___________ 鑒于，考慮到
12．___________ 顯而易見的
protect ...from
make sense of
make contributions to
carry out
in view of
plain to see
2
課堂學案—過詞匯關
一、變形詞匯——練清易錯微點
1．It was much annoying that she ___________(constant) broke in during our conversation.
2．___________(expose) to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.
3．Fatal road accidents have decreased in ___________(frequent) over recent years.
constantly
Exposure
frequency
4．I am writing to apologize to you for my _________(absent) from the activity of the English club on May 5th.
5．Theories __________(origin) from practice and in turn serve practice.
6．Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct ___________(calculate)．
absence
originate
calculation
易錯微點
1．absence的常見搭配有absence of mind“心不在焉”，in one's absence“在某人不在時”，in the absence of“由于缺乏”。
2．originate意為“發源于，開端于”，常見搭配有originate from“來自；源于”，originate in“歸因于；產生于”。
3．calculate 的常見用法有calculate on/upon“依靠；依賴；期待；指望”，It is calculated that ...“據預測……”。
二、重點詞匯——練后拓展歸納
1．bother vt.使煩惱，使擔心；花費時間精力(做某事)；打擾 vi.花費時間精力(做某事) n．麻煩，困難
①Don't bother _______________(look) for my umbrella.It will turn up some day.
②I'm sorry I have bothered you ____________ so many questions.
to look/looking
with/about
③(心理描寫)That I can't keep up with others bothers me.
→__________________________________________(升級為it作形式主語)
→_______________________________________________ (升級為what引導的主語從句)
It bothers me that I can't keep up with others.
What bothers me is that I can't keep up with others.
bother to do/doing sth. 費心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth. 為某事打擾或麻煩某人
bother sb.to do sth. 麻煩某人做某事
It bothers sb.that ...
＝What bothers sb. is that ... 使某人苦惱的是……
2．occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占領，侵占；使忙于
①He was _________(occupy) in translating an English novel last year.
②Please fill in your name, address and __________(occupy) in this form.
occupied
occupation
③(道歉信)I'm sorry to tell you I am occupied in preparing my paper, so I had no time for your party.
→I'm sorry to tell you ______________________________, I had no time for your party.(升級為過去分詞作狀語)
→I'm sorry to tell you _____________________________________, I had no time for your party.(升級為現在分詞作狀語)
occupied in preparing my paper
occupying myself in preparing my paper
(1)occupy oneself with sth.＝occupy oneself (in) doing sth.
忙于(做)某事；專心于(做)某事
(2)occupied adj. 忙于……的；從事……的
be occupied with sth.＝be occupied (in) doing sth.
忙于做某事
(3)occupation n．　 占領；職業；工作
3．vital adj.必不可少的，對……極重要的；維持生命所必需的
①(話題寫作之科技發展)As is known to all, ___________________ ________________, from which we will benefit a lot.
眾所周知，互聯網對我們至關重要，我們將從中受益良多。
②(主旨升華句)If we are to make a difference in life, ___________ ________________________________.
如果我們想要在生活中產生影響，重要的是我們應該從小事開始。
the Internet is of vital
importance to us
it's vital that
we (should) begin with small things
③(話題寫作之環境保護) We all acknowledge that trees ________ _____________________ and the survival of our planet.They _______ ___________ reducing global warming and creating habitat for thousands of different species.So, _____________ to fight deforestation and promote tree planting.
我們都承認樹木對于環境以及地球的生存至關重要。它們在減緩全球變暖以及為成千上萬不同物種創造棲息地方面發揮著極其重要的作用。因此，對我們來說，打擊亂砍濫伐并促進植樹造林極為重要。
are vital
for/to the environment
play a
vital role in
it is vital for us
(1)be vital for/to sth. 對……極為重要
It is vital to do sth. 　 做某事很重要
It is vital that ...(should) do sth. ……是十分重要的
(2)vitally adv. 極其；絕對
名師指津：在句型“It is vital that ...”中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。用法類似的表示情緒、觀點的形容詞或名詞還有：necessary、 important、 impossible、 natural、 strange、 surprising、 funny、 right、 wrong、 better、 a pity、 a shame等。
4．circumstance n．條件，狀況；(circumstances)境況，
(尤指)經濟狀況
①Wherever he goes, he can adapt himself to new ______________ (circumstance)．
②(細節描寫)It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do _________________________.
這也許不是一個完美的解決辦法，但這是在此情況下我能做得最好的。
circumstances
under/in the circumstances
③(主旨升華句)Additionally, we learned that help means _______________________, we should give a hand to people in a dilemma.
此外，我們學到了幫助意味著在任何情況下，我們都應該向處于困境中的人伸出援助之手。
under any circumstances
under/in the circumstances 在這種情況下，既然如此
under/in no circumstances 決不；無論如何都不
(位于句首時，句子要倒裝)
under any circumstances 在任何情況下；無論如何
三、重點短語——練后查找疏漏
cast new light on使進一步了解……
①Recent scientific discoveries ______________________________ _________the phenomenon, which bewildered the scientists for many years.
最近的科學發現使得科學家對這一困惑了他們多年的現象有了進一步了解。
②(動作描寫)She ___________________ the stands in search of a chair to sit in.
她掃視了一眼周圍的看臺，想找個椅子坐下。
have cast/thrown/shed new light
on/upon
cast a glance around
③(景物描寫)On the lazy Sunday afternoons, the sun shone through the leaves, ________________________________________ the lawn.
在慵懶的周日午后，陽光透過樹葉照進來，在草坪上投下陰影。
④(寫作增分句)__________________ by temporary failures. Make more attempts and you will create miracles in the end.
不要因為暫時的失敗而沮喪。多嘗試，最終你會創造奇跡。
casting/throwing/shedding shadows on/over
Don't be cast down
cast/throw/shed light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白
cast a glance at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧
cast a glance around　 環顧四周
cast/throw/shed a shadow/shadows on/over 給……蒙上陰影
cast down 使失望；使沮喪
cast sb.in the role of ... 選某人演……角色
名師指津：cast/shed/throw light on 本意是“使明白；使清楚”，常引申為“闡明；使人理解；為……提供線索/思路/啟示”等意思，相當于enlighten 或 illustrate。
四、一詞多義——語境中辨詞義(對應右欄詞義填代碼)
1.①In my view, you don't realize the gravity of the situation. ___ ②Even children must behave with gravity at a funeral. ___ ③When on the moon, we lose the gravity of the earth. ___ 1.gravity
A．n.重力，地球引力
B．n.嚴重性
C．n.嚴肅
B
C
A
2.①Remember to put on more clothes to keep warm when you go out. ___ ②Protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. ___ ③I didn't see him but I heard him put on his favourite CD. ___ 2.put on
A．涂，抹
B．穿；戴
C．上演；展出
D．增加(體重)
E．播放
F．提高……的成本(或價值)
B
A
E
數智賦能 隨堂訓練—用單元所學知識補全語段
④Her balanced diet became a success and she didn't put on more weight. ___ ⑤Obviously, this form of dance is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. ___ 2.put on
A．涂，抹
B．穿；戴
C．上演；展出
D．增加(體重)
E．播放
F．提高……的成本(或價值)
D
C
3
遷移應用—過閱讀關
(說明：文中加藍詞匯為本單元主題詞匯)
(2020·天津5月高考·閱讀理解C篇)Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries.
Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30,000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, we're currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes，” says CEO Greg McDougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world's first commercial flight with an electric engine.
Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment; it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8－12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.
While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11,890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.
The transition (過渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids — vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same pattern could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing.
It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years.
[真題評價]
[價值導向]　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了空運，尤其是短途空運使用電能作為能量來源的可能性、好處、存在的挑戰以及解決辦法。本文旨在激發學生積極探索未知的熱情，引導學生養成不斷創新的思維品質，培養學生解決實際問題的意識和能力。
1．According to Para. 1, what is happening in air transport
A．New explorations of the sky are being launched.
B．Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled.
C．Efforts are being made to make air travel greener.
D．Demand for short-haul flights is increasing massively.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，幸運的是，人們正在構想解決空運產生的環境污染的方法，如由電池提供動力的短程航班，即現在人們正在努力讓空中旅行變得更加環保，故C項正確。
√
2．Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights
A．It runs short routes.
B．It has a strong partner.
C．Its planes can land on the sea.
D．It has planes with powerful engines.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，Harbour Air適合使用電能提供動力的飛機的原因是它所有航線的航行時間都不超過30分鐘，換句話說就是航線短，故A項正確。
√
3．The expression “added bonus” refers to the fact that electric planes ________.
A．give passengers more pleasant views
B．bring airlines more financial benefits
C．offer more enjoyable flying experiences
D．cost less in maintenance than traditional ones
√
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句可知，“that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in”是同位語從句，解釋說明“added bonus”的內容，而電動飛機飛行時沒有發動機的噪聲，沒有燃油的氣味，這使人們能夠獲得更加愉悅的飛行體驗，故C項正確。
4．What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying
A．To improve the ground service for e-planes.
B．To find qualified technicians for the e-plane industry.
C．To calculate the energy needed to power e-planes.
D．To balance power and weight of batteries in e-planes.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段最后兩句可知，如果攜帶充足的電池，飛機就會過重而無法起飛。由此可知，平衡電池重量與電量是電力飛行面臨的最大挑戰，故D項正確。
√
5．What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight
A．To produce new electric components.
B．To increase battery consumption.
C．To use mixed-power technology.
D．To expand the landing field.
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，許多人認為，燃料和電力同時供能這種模式，即混合型供能技術可以運用在空運中，故C項正確。
√
6．What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying
A．Short-sighted.　　　 B．Wait-and-see.
C．Optimistic. D．Skeptical.
解析：觀點態度題。根據最后一段的內容可知，作者認為電力飛行，尤其是短途旅行中的電力飛行一定會在接下來的幾年中成為現實。由此推知，作者對電力飛行持樂觀態度，故C項正確。
√
[語篇精讀]
一、理文脈，把握文章大意
本文是一篇說明文，語篇結構為“總—分—總”。
二、拓詞匯，厚積語基語料
1．因境辨義(寫出下列藍體詞在文中的詞性及含義)
①(熟詞生義)Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense ... ____________
②(一詞多義)In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored. ________
③(轉化詞)The transition (過渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids — vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. _________
adj.合理的
v.重要
v.驅動
2．詞塊積累(寫出下列詞塊在文中的漢語意思)
①answer for　　　　　 　　　 ____________
②fit for _____
③partner up with ___________
④factor in ________________
⑤keep one's feet on the ground ____________________
⑥take the lead ____________
對……負責
適合
與……合作
將……考慮進去
實事求是，腳踏實地
帶頭；帶領
三、析難句，破解閱讀障礙
1．... a small aircraft uses D|S400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs D|S8－12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine.
抓標志：并列連詞_______和______；從屬連詞________
判類型：簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句＋并列連詞＋復合句(含有一個表語從句)
試翻譯：……一架小型飛機飛行100英里需要400美元的傳統燃料，而飛行同樣距離電動飛機只需要8到12美元，這還不包括傳統發動機較高的維護成本。
while
and
before
2．While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground.
抓標志：從屬連詞_______；關系代詞______
判類型：讓步狀語從句＋主句(含有一個定語從句)
試翻譯：雖然電動飛機行業已經取得了真正的進步，但仍然存在的技術挑戰使得每個人都在踏實做事。
while
that
4
發展提升—過表達關
由教材典句，學高級表達
句式1　That's why ...
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)This/That is why ...意為“這/那就是……的原因”，why引導表語從句，表示結果。
(2)This/That/It is because ...意為“這/那是因為……”，because引導表語從句，表示原因。
(3)The reason why ...is/was that ...意為“……的原因是……”，why引導定語從句并在從句中作狀語；that引導表語從句，表示原因。
|習|練|規|則|　(變換句式)
①Less is more.So we say: reduce things by half instead of doubling them.
→Less is more.__________________ : reduce things by half instead of doubling them.
②We choose this movie for the reason: It represents the development of our beloved school.
→_______________________________________ it represents the development of our beloved school.(the reason why ...is that ...)
This is why we say
The reason why we choose this movie is that
|應|用|寫|美|
③(演講稿)我之所以推薦這句諺語，是因為它讓我在學業和體質上都得到了提升。
___________________________________________ it lifts me up both academically and physically.
④(建議信)你練習得越多，就能越流暢地說英語，這是因為熟能生巧。
The more you practise speaking English, the more fluently you'll speak it. ___________________________________.
The reason why I recommend the proverb is that
This is because practice makes perfect
句式2　be of＋抽象名詞
|解|讀|規|則|
(1)be of use/importance/significance/help ...＝be useful/important/ significant/helpful ...，這些抽象名詞前還可用great、 little、 some、 any、 much、 no等來修飾，說明其程度。
(2)be of colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind ..., 這類名詞前常用different、 the same、 this、 that等來修飾或說明。
(3)be of quality/character/feature ...，這類名詞前常用good、 bad、 nice、 fine、 serious等來修飾或說明。
|習|練|規|則|　(句型轉換/單句寫作)
①A harmonious family is of benefit to a child's personal development.
→A harmonious family _________________ a child's personal development.
②I hope these suggestions above __________________________.
我希望以上這些建議能對你有所幫助。
is beneficial to
will be of some help to you
|應|用|寫|美|
③(2022·全國乙卷書面表達)在我看來，讀英語書籍有利于提高學生的寫作技能。
In my opinion, reading English books ________________________ students' writing skills.(benefit)
④(2021·全國甲卷書面表達)此外，古箏對中國民間音樂具有重要意義，它能引領你進入一個美妙的音樂世界。
Furthermore, guzheng ______________________________________, leading you into a fantastic world of music.(significance)
is of benefit to improving
is of great significance to Chinese folk music
建構語義場，豐富語料庫
子語境(一)　太空生活
1．in the hope of finding out　 　 期待弄明白
2．both dangerous and challenging 既危險又有挑戰性
3．the desire to explore the universe 探索宇宙的愿望
4．due to the near absence of gravity in space
由于太空中幾乎沒有重力
5．carry out experiments in other research fields
進行其他研究領域的實驗
6．ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills
通過服用藥片來確保營養的均衡供應
子語境(二)　太空探索的意義
1．make our lives safer and easier
使我們的生活更安全、更輕松
2．expand our understanding of the universe
加深我們對宇宙的理解
3．solve some of the big problems facing mankind
解決人類面臨的一些重大問題
4．a strong motive for continuing to explore space
繼續探索太空的一個強有力的動機
5．motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future
激勵他們成為未來的科學家和工程師
6．make major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe
對理解宇宙的起源、演化和可能的未來做出重大貢獻
主題微寫作，勤練筆不輟
(一)應用單元所學補全語段(藍體字為單元詞匯的復現)
Dear astronauts，
I'm writing to ask for some information about astronauts' life on the space station.
Firstly, ①__________________________________________ (我渴望了解太空中的日常生活是什么樣的) and how it differs from that on the Earth.Considering the negative effects low gravity has on the human body,
I desire to know what daily life is like up in space
②_____________________________________________________(你們通常采取什么措施來保持身體健康)？Furthermore, what are ③_____ ___________________________________________(占用了你們一天大部分時間的日常任務) What do you tend to do during your leisure time Do you often have a spacewalk ④_______________________ ________________ (我認為那是最令人興奮的)．
what measures do you usually take to keep your body healthy
the
routine tasks that/which occupy most of your day
I think there's nothing more
exciting than that
⑤_____________________________________________________(希望能像你們一樣為中國的航天事業做出貢獻), I wonder what is vital if I want to be a qualified astronaut.
Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey!
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
Hoping to make contributions to China's space cause like you
(二)對標單元主題創寫語段
Jenny從兒時起就向往像鳥兒一樣自由飛翔，但每當她提到自己的夢想是成為一名飛行員時，總會受到別人的嘲笑。在Jenny生活的社會中，女性是不可能成為飛行員的。高中時，Jenny的老師Mrs Marsha讓大家思考將來會做什么。Jenny忐忑不安地提到自己的夢想，意料之外的是，這次，她沒有被嘲笑，相反，Mrs Marsha告訴她只要盡最大努力，就有實現夢想的可能……
請結合所給首句續寫一段文字，具體描述一下Jenny的感觸和她之后付出的努力，收獲的成果，以及這個故事帶給我們的感悟。
Hearing the words, Jenny felt a relief from her heart and made up her mind to study hard to realize her dream.　______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考范文：
Hearing the words, Jenny felt a relief from her heart and made up her mind to study hard to realize her dream.Encouraged and full of passion, Jenny began to pursue her dream with all her efforts. In the following ten years, she studied hard and never gave up when she was faced with all kinds of difficulties. Eventually, Jenny became a pilot of a famous airline company, realizing her dream of flying in the sky like a bird. All of us may meet different difficulties on our way to success, but if we keep on trying without giving up, we will make it come true.
5
課下測評—過高考關
課時作業(一)　主題閱讀集群訓練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·貴陽監測)The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions.Possibly, nowhere is clearer than in its space program, which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探查) the atmosphere around Mars.
The country, over 50 years old, marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station.It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut.Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS.
Alneyadi, 42, was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space.Alneyadi's time aboard the ISS highlights the country's regional edge in space exploration.
“For me, it was a dream that had come true.It was really amazing, especially for my region，”Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS.“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”
The father of six and long-time military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth.
The UAE's president, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, referred to Alneyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement.He said, “Alneyadi's journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity's scientific and civilized march.”
Alneyadi, a PhD holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE, passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months.He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut.
In one of his final social media posts from space, Alneyadi wrote，“Space, this is not a goodbye.I will see you later, whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了阿聯酋的宇航員Sultan Alneyadi在國際空間站工作六個月后，于周一乘坐SpaceX的太空艙返回地球。該宇航員是第一個在國際空間站外進行太空行走的中東人。
1．What did Alneyadi say about his space exploration
A．It makes him responsible.
B．It is inspiring in his region.
C．It marks a milestone in spacewalks.
D．It is an unrealistic space mission.
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段最后一句可知，Alneyadi認為他的太空之旅在他們地區是鼓舞人心的。
√
2．Why did the UAE's president call Alneyadi his son
A．To express his humor.
B．To maintain their relationship.
C．To show his pride in Alneyadi.
D．To thank Alneyadi's family.
解析：推理判斷題。第六段中阿聯酋總統說Alneyadi的旅程表明他們有能力為人類的科學文明進程做出積極貢獻。由此可推知，阿聯酋總統稱Alneyadi為兒子是為了表明他為Alneyadi感到驕傲。
√
3．What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A．How Alneyadi struggled for his dream.
B．Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut.
C．Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide.
D．How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees.
解析：段落大意題。根據第七段內容可知，本段主要描述了Alneyadi為實現他的太空夢所付出的努力。
√
4．What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future
A．Say goodbye to space.
B．Become an Internet influencer.
C．Work on building a new ISS.
D．Continue his space exploration.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，Alneyadi未來會繼續進行太空探索。
√
B
(2025·開封模擬)Based on new data from the European Space Agency's Gaia mission and other space science data sets, astronomers have created an animation to model dust in the Milky Way.The work was presented this week at the National Astronomy Meeting.
The animation shows the cumulative build-up of dust looking from Earth's local neighbourhood to about 13,000 light years towards the galactic centre — around 10% of the overall distance across the Milky Way.Close by, dust swirls all around but, further out, the concentration of dust along the galactic plane (銀道面) becomes clear.Two“windows”， one above and one below the galactic plane, are also revealed.
“Dust clouds are related to the birth and death of stars, so their distribution tells a story of how structures formed in the galaxy and how the galaxy evolves，”said Nick Cox, coordinator of the EXPLORE Project which is developing the tools.“The maps are also important for cosmologists (宇宙學家) in revealing regions where there is no dust, allowing us to have a clear, unobstructed view out of the Milky Way.This helps in studying the Universe beyond, such as to make deep field observations with Hubble or the new James Webb Space Telescope.”
“State-of-the-art machine learning and visual analytics have the power to greatly enhance scientific return and discovery for space science missions, but their use is still relatively novel in the field of astronomy，”said Albert Zijlstra of the University of Manchester and the EXPLORE Project.“With a constant stream of new data, we have an increasing wealth of information to mine — way beyond the scope of what humans could process in a lifetime.We need tools like the ones we are developing for EXPLORE to support scientific discovery, such as by helping us to characterise properties within the data, or to pick out the most interesting or unusual features and structures.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了天文學家制作了一個動畫來模擬銀河系中的塵埃，并介紹了動畫所展示的內容和技術、數據對研究的作用等。
5．What can we learn about the animation from the first two paragraphs
A．It is created to replace the dust in the Milky Way.
B．It shows dust in a long span of space.
C．It employs space data from an individual database.
D．The animation hasn't been presented.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The animation shows the cumulative build-up of dust ...towards the galactic centre”可知，該動畫顯示了一大片空間中的塵埃。
√
6．What can we know from Nick Cox's words
A．The distribution of dust clouds helps to dig the past of the galaxy.
B．Only Hubble and the new James Webb Space Telescope can help explore the galaxy.
C．Cosmologists use maps to find where there are many precious dust clouds.
D．Dust clouds are closely related to the formation and death of various kinds of galaxies.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段第一句可推知，塵埃云的分布有助于挖掘星系的過去。
√
7．What does Albert think about the EXPLORE Project
A．Fruitless.　　　　 B．Controversial.
C．Unrealistic. D．Challenging.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段倒數第二句可知，Albert認為EXPLORE項目有一定的挑戰性。
√
8．What can be a suitable title for this text
A．Open Invitation of the Wide Galaxy
B．Thrilling Project for the European Team
C．Deep Dive into the Dusty Milky Way
D．Immersing Trip to the Grand Solar System
解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了天文學家制作了一個動畫來模擬銀河系中的塵埃以便更深入地探索布滿塵埃的銀河系。故C項適合作文章標題。
√
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2025·亳州模擬)In-flight announcements can be crucial in providing important information. 9 But beyond the “necessities”， are passengers being flooded with too many announcements
Imagine boarding an aircraft late in the evening or during the early hours of the day, eager to get some sleep.After forcing yourself to stay awake for the safety briefing, you fall fast asleep. 10 It's the captain making an announcement.She's telling you her name, her first officer's name, the name of every flight attendant, and of course, the cruising speed and altitude.Was this really necessary and was it worth being woken up for
精品課件·名師析題
11 It's anyone deep into a film or two passengers trying to talk to each other.In fact, in-flight announcements automatically pause television shows and movies — sometimes coming through your headphones far louder than the volume of whatever you were watching.
Which announcements are necessary There are many in-flight announcements that are absolutely necessary.Anything to do with safety and security is, of course, essential.Anything to do with delays and scheduling is also important to know. 12 I think most people care about those as well.
However, anything beyond these is questionable.Of course, the additional announcements are meant to better connect passengers to the flight crew, the airline, and the overall experience of flying. 13 But in my opinion, this comes at the cost of the overall flight experience.
So from my point of view, in-flight announcements have gotten out of control and need to be controlled.
A．In-flight meal options
B．After all, they are rules that should be obeyed.
C．Actually, most of the passengers are likely to feel sleepy.
D．It also seems polite to introduce those who will serve you.
E．It's not just passengers trying to sleep that are interrupted.
F．Suddenly, you're in the air and something has stirred you awake.
G．This might include delays, the local time at destination, and of course, emergencies.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就飛行過程中過多的廣播是否會給乘客帶來困擾這一問題展開討論。
9．解析：選G　上文說明飛機上的廣播在提供重要信息方面是至關重要的，G項“這可能包括延誤、到達目的地的當地時間，當然還有緊急情況”承接上文，符合語境。其中的“This”指代前句中的“information”。
10．解析：選F　根據上下文可知，當你睡得很熟時，機長在廣播，由此可推知，空處說明你被吵醒了。故F項“突然，你在空中，有什么東西把你驚醒了”承上啟下，符合語境。
11．解析：選E　下文具體介紹了被廣播打擾到的人。故E項“被打擾的不僅僅是想睡覺的乘客”引出下文，符合語境。
12．解析：選A　下文提到：我想大多數人也關心這些。故A項“飛機上的餐食選擇？”銜接下文，符合語境。
13．解析：選D　上文說明有些廣播是為了促進乘客和機組人員之間的關系，由此推斷機組人員的介紹是對乘客的一種禮貌行為。故D項“介紹那些為你服務的人似乎也是禮貌的”承接上文，符合語境。
課時作業(二)　語言技能綜合訓練
Ⅰ.完形填空
One summer night in a seaside cottage, a small boy was in bed, sound asleep.Suddenly, he felt himself 1 from bed and carried in his father's arms on to the beach.Overhead was the clear starry sky.“Watch！”As his father spoke, 2 ， one of the stars moved.It 3 across the sky like a golden fire.And before the 4 of this could fade, another star leapt from its place, then another ...
“What is it？” the child asked in 5 .
“Shooting stars.They 6 every year on a certain night in August.”
That was all: just an 7 encounter of something magic and beautiful.But, back in bed, the child stared into the dark, with mind full of the falling stars.
I was the 8 seven-year-old boy whose father believed that a new experience 9 more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep.
That night, my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area of splendid 10 .Children are naturally curious, but they need someone to 11 them.This art of adding new dimensions to a child's world doesn't 12 require a great deal of time.It simply 13 doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.Good parents know this: The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of 14 .That night is still deeply 15 in my memory.Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述作者的父親帶他看流星的故事揭示了好的父母給孩子們最珍貴的禮物是激發他們的好奇心。
1．A.hidden　　　　　　 B．robbed
C．lifted D．kicked
解析：根據下文“and carried in his father's arms on to the beach”可知，此處指他被父親從床上抱起來(lift)。
√
2．A.incredibly B．accidentally
C．apparently D．actually
解析：根據上文“Watch！”及下文“one of the stars moved”可知，一顆星星在他父親說話的時候開始移動，這讓人覺得不可思議(incredibly)。
√
3．A.exploded B．circled
C．spread D．flashed
解析：根據上下文語境可知，此處指星星劃過夜空。flash“飛速運動；掠過”。
√
4．A.success B．wonder
C．exhibition D．discovery
解析：根據上文“one of the stars moved”及下文語境可知，星星一顆接著一顆不斷地在天空中劃過，這是一個奇跡(wonder)。
√
5．A.amazement B．horror
C．relief D．delight
解析：根據上文“one of the stars moved”及下文語境可知，星星一顆接著一顆從天空中劃過的景象對孩子來說是很驚訝的事。in amazement為固定短語，表示“驚訝地”。
√
6．A.blow up B．turn up
C．show off D．give out
解析：根據語境可知，此處指每年八月的某個晚上流星都會出現。turn up“出現；發生”。
√
7．A.uncomfortable B．unbearable
C．undetected D．unexpected
解析：根據上文“Shooting stars.”及下文“encounter of something magic and beautiful”可知，此處指男孩意外(unexpected)看到流星。
√
8．A.curious B．determined
C．fortunate D．chosen
解析：根據前文講述的男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此處指作者說自己就是那個幸運的(fortunate)男孩。
√
9．A.worked B．mattered
C．deserved D．proved
解析：根據上文“a new experience”及下文“more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep”可知，此處指新的經歷更重要(matter)。
√
10．A.newness B．emptiness
C．freedom D．innovation
解析：根據前文“a new experience”及下文“adding new dimensions”可知，作者的父親讓他相信“新”的經歷更重要。此處的“new”與選項中的“newness”是同源詞。故可判斷出此處指父親為他打開了一片“新天地”。newness“新奇；嶄新”。
√
11．A.protect B．challenge
C．guide D．believe
解析：根據前文“my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area”可知，此處指孩子要有人引導(guide)。
√
12．A.absolutely B．basically
C．possibly D．necessarily
解析：根據下文語境可知，此處指給孩子們的世界增添新維度的藝術并不一定需要很多時間。necessarily“必需地”。
√
13．A.involves B．risks
C．admits D．resists
解析：根據上文“doesn't _______ require a great deal of time”及下文“doing things more often with children”可知，為孩子們的世界增添新維度需要父母和孩子們一起做事。involve“包含；需要”。
√
14．A.hope B．curiosity
C．faith D．wisdom
解析：根據上文“Children are naturally curious”可知，此處指好的父母知道激發孩子們的好奇心(curiosity)。
√
15．A.trapped B．set
C．lost D．rooted
解析：根據下文語境可知，父親帶作者一起看流星的記憶植根于他的記憶中。be rooted in“植根于”。
√
Ⅱ.語法填空
China's next-generation rocket to carry humans is expected to make its maiden flight around 2027, said a project manager.
Zhao Xinguo, a senior rocket 1 (design) and head of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology's rocket development department, said the new rocket, which has yet to be named, is an important backbone in China's ambitious plan 2 (place) its astronauts on the moon.“According to our schedule, all necessary conditions for the rocket's 3 (one) launch mission will be ready in 2027，”he said on Monday in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, one day ahead of the 14th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, the largest arms show in the country.
Zhao said that the new rocket will be about 90 meters tall, 4 a diameter (直徑) of 5 meters, which means it will be almost twice as tall as the Long March 5, 5 (current) the biggest in China's rocket family.The craft will be capable of carrying spacecraft 6 (weigh) about 27 tons into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (軌道), 7 gateway for lunar landing, or a 70-ton spacecraft into a low-Earth orbit, according to the project manager.
Hu Xiaojun, a rocket researcher at the academy, said the new heavy-lift rocket 8 (intend) for the country's future manned spaceflights, 9 will be carried out by a new-generation spaceship, and manned lunar explorations that Chinese 10 (scientist) have been planning for a long time.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了中國將于2027年發射下一代載人火箭。
1．designer　考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處由不定冠詞a修飾，應用名詞單數形式。此處表示“一位高級火箭設計師”，故填designer。
2．to place　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾plan，應用不定式作定語。故填to place。
3．first　考查序數詞。空前有定冠詞，應用序數詞，表示“第一次發射任務”。故填first。
4．with　考查介詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“擁有”，應用介詞with，構成介詞短語作定語。
5．currently　考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處應用副詞作狀語，說明長征五號目前是中國火箭家族中最大的火箭。故填currently。
6．weighing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，weigh作定語修飾spacecraft，且在此處用作不及物動詞，二者之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞形式。故填weighing。
7．a　考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表泛指，表示“一個登月通道”，應用不定冠詞；gateway以輔音音素開頭，故填a。
8．is intended　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，intend作謂語，且與主語rocket之間是被動關系，應用被動語態；描述現在的事實，應用一般現在時，且主語是單數，謂語動詞也應用單數。故填is intended。
9．which　考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，且在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞which引導。
10．scientists　考查名詞復數。scientist作主語，謂語動詞have been planning說明主語是復數。故填scientists。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
假定你是李華，你在觀看了中國載人飛船成功發射和航天員在空間站工作的視頻后，深受鼓舞。請你給校英文報寫一篇短文，內容包括：
1．簡單描述視頻內容；　2.你的感想。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80 左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
精品課件·名師析題
參考范文：
A Source of Inspiration from a Video
I recently watched a video showcasing China's space exploration.In the video, we could see the whole launch process of the aircraft and the astronauts floating gracefully and conducting experiments in the space station.It was a powerful reminder of humanity's determination and the vast potential that lies beyond our world.
As a high school student, the video has motivated me to pursue my dreams and explore the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.It serves as a beacon of inspiration, urging me to keep working hard.It has reminded me that we, the younger generation, have the potential to contribute to the future of space discovery.
課時作業(三)　讀后續寫講評訓練　
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
[1] Carlos and Maya dreamed of becoming space explorers.They loved space and everything about it.They were fascinated by how mysterious space exploration is. They would stay in the library after school reading books about planets and outer space.
精品課件·名師析題
[2] On their way home, Carlos and Maya saw a display in the window of a toy store.It was a spaceship. They went inside the store to see how much it cost.They saw the price and it was too expensive.They reached into their pockets and got whatever was left of their allowance. They tried to pool their money together but it still wasn't enough.
[3] They left the store，sad and disappointed. Carlos suddenly realized that his birthday was coming up. Maybe he could ask their parents to buy the spaceship as a gift for his birthday.They both started rushing home.They were excited to tell their parents about the spaceship.
[4] When they got home, they ran straight to their mother who was setting up the table for dinner. They wrapped their arms around their mom's leg. Their mom was curious as to what they were excited about. So, Carlos told their mom what he wanted for his birthday.
[5] Their family didn't have much when it came to money.They were in debt and had bills to pay. So when their dad stopped by the store to see the toy that Carlos wanted, he knew that he was probably going to let his son down. He checked the price and it was too expensive.They couldn't afford it.
[6] On the day of his birthday, Carlos got up early and ran out of the bedroom, excited to see his gift. He was ready to play with it with Maya. But when he got to the living room, he saw a spaceship that was made out of a cardboard box. His dad had made it for him. It had wings on the side and had enough space to ride on. It was a spaceship but it wasn't what he wanted.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Carlos ran back to the bedroom with tears._____________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________　
The father then started imitating (模仿) the sound of a spaceship.__ ____________________________________________________________
[寫作構思指導]
一、讀文路徑(把握結構主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關注伏筆照應
伏筆1(句①)：暗示續寫部分會提到Carlos對太空充滿極大的想象力。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示Carlos可能會坐上這個玩具飛船。
3．構思續寫內容(運用“5所”構思)
第一段：
①How did Carlos feel？(所感——接續首句)
②Who came and what did she say？(所見、所說——推進情節)
③What did Carlos do？(根據原文伏筆2提出問題，所做——推進情節)
④What did the father do？(所做——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤What did the father do then (所做——接續首句)
⑥How did Carlos feel (根據原文伏筆1提出問題：所感——推進情節)
⑦What did Carlos and his father do together？(所做——推進情節)
⑧What did Carlos say (所說——故事結尾)
[邏輯潤色成文]
一、寫好兩個關鍵語段
1．請設計Carlos在起床后跑出房間時的所見和所感。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He got out of bed and opened the door. He saw Maya got on the cardboard spaceship but left space in front for him. Carlos wiped his eyes. He could see the excitement in Maya's face so he got on the spaceship.
2．請設計一個合理的結尾。
(對話式結尾)_____________________________________________ ________________________________________
(畫面式結尾)_____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
Carlos, with a smile on his face, said, “That was the best birthday gift ever. Love you, Dad！”
It was at that moment that Carlos realized the true satisfaction comes from the love of the family rather than other things.
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
Carlos ran back to the bedroom with tears. _______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He didn't have breakfast and now he was hungry.He was about to get out of bed when he heard a knock on the door. It was Maya. She said that they had a surprise for him.He got out of bed and opened the door. He saw Maya got on the cardboard spaceship but left space in front for him. (動作描寫) Carlos wiped his eyes. He could see the excitement in Maya's face so he got on the spaceship. (對應伏筆2) Their dad came in and positioned himself behind the spaceship.
The father then started imitating (模仿) the sound of a spaceship. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He pushed the cardboard spaceship slowly to go out of the room and then Carlos was surprised to see the stars, the moon and the planets too. He felt like he was in outer space. (對應伏筆1) They spent most of the night on the spaceship, riding across the unknown depths of space. They even took turns driving the spaceship. Carlos and Maya enjoyed letting their imaginations run wild. Carlos, with a smile on his face, said, “That was the best birthday gift ever. Love you, Dad！” (神態描寫，對話描寫)選擇性必修3　UNIT 2課時作業(二)語言技能綜合訓練
Ⅰ.完形填空
One summer night in a seaside cottage, a small boy was in bed, sound asleep.Suddenly, he felt himself __1__ from bed and carried in his father's arms on to the beach.Overhead was the clear starry sky.“Watch！” As his father spoke, __2__， one of the stars moved.It __3__ across the sky like a golden fire.And before the __4__ of this could fade, another star leapt from its place, then another ...
“What is it？” the child asked in __5__.
“Shooting stars.They __6__ every year on a certain night in August.”
That was all: just an __7__ encounter of something magic and beautiful.But, back in bed, the child stared into the dark, with mind full of the falling stars.
I was the __8__ seven year old boy whose father believed that a new experience __9__ more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep.
That night, my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area of splendid __10__.Children are naturally curious, but they need someone to __11__ them.This art of adding new dimensions to a child's world doesn't __12__ require a great deal of time.It simply __13__ doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.Good parents know this: The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of __14__.That night is still deeply __15__ in my memory.Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.
1．A.hidden　　　　　　　　B．robbed
C．lifted D．kicked
2．A.incredibly B．accidentally
C．apparently D．actually
3．A.exploded B．circled
C．spread D．flashed
4．A.success B．wonder
C．exhibition D．discovery
5．A.amazement B．horror
C．relief D．delight
6．A.blow up B．turn up
C．show off D．give out
7．A.uncomfortable B．unbearable
C．undetected D．unexpected
8．A.curious B．determined
C．fortunate D．chosen
9．A.worked B．mattered
C．deserved D．proved
10．A.newness B．emptiness
C．freedom D．innovation
11．A.protect B．challenge
C．guide D．believe
12．A.absolutely B．basically
C．possibly D．necessarily
13．A.involves B．risks
C．admits D．resists
14．A.hope B．curiosity
C．faith D．wisdom
15．A.trapped B．set
C．lost D．rooted
Ⅱ.語法填空
China's next generation rocket to carry humans is expected to make its maiden flight around 2027, said a project manager.
Zhao Xinguo, a senior rocket __1__ (design) and head of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology's rocket development department, said the new rocket, which has yet to be named, is an important backbone in China's ambitious plan __2__ (place) its astronauts on the moon.“According to our schedule, all necessary conditions for the rocket's __3__ (one) launch mission will be ready in 2027，” he said on Monday in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, one day ahead of the 14th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, the largest arms show in the country.
Zhao said that the new rocket will be about 90 meters tall, __4__ a diameter (直徑) of 5 meters, which means it will be almost twice as tall as the Long March 5, __5__ (current) the biggest in China's rocket family.The craft will be capable of carrying spacecraft __6__ (weigh) about 27 tons into an Earth moon transfer trajectory (軌道), __7__ gateway for lunar landing, or a 70 ton spacecraft into a low Earth orbit, according to the project manager.
Hu Xiaojun, a rocket researcher at the academy, said the new heavy lift rocket __8__ (intend) for the country's future manned spaceflights, __9__ will be carried out by a new generation spaceship, and manned lunar explorations that Chinese __10__ (scientist) have been planning for a long time.
Ⅲ.應用文寫作精品課件·名師析題
假定你是李華，你在觀看了中國載人飛船成功發射和航天員在空間站工作的視頻后，深受鼓舞。請你給校英文報寫一篇短文，內容包括：
1．簡單描述視頻內容；
2．你的感想。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80 左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　
　
課時作業(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述作者的父親帶他看流星的故事揭示了好的父母給孩子們最珍貴的禮物是激發他們的好奇心。
1．選C　根據下文“and carried in his father's arms on to the beach”可知，此處指他被父親從床上抱起來(lift)。
2．選A　 根據上文“Watch！”及下文“one of the stars moved”可知，一顆星星在他父親說話的時候開始移動，這讓人覺得不可思議(incredibly)。
3．選D　根據上下文語境可知，此處指星星劃過夜空。flash“飛速運動；掠過”。
4．選B　根據上文“one of the stars moved”及下文語境可知，星星一顆接著一顆不斷地在天空中劃過，這是一個奇跡(wonder)。
5．選A　根據上文“one of the stars moved”及下文語境可知，星星一顆接著一顆從天空中劃過的景象對孩子來說是很驚訝的事。in amazement為固定短語，表示“驚訝地”。
6．選B　根據語境可知，此處指每年八月的某個晚上流星都會出現。turn up“出現；發生”。
7．選D　根據上文“Shooting stars.”及下文“encounter of something magic and beautiful”可知，此處指男孩意外(unexpected)看到流星。
8．選C　根據前文講述的男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此處指作者說自己就是那個幸運的(fortunate)男孩。
9．選B　根據上文“a new experience”及下文“more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep”可知，此處指新的經歷更重要(matter)。
10．選A　根據前文“a new experience”及下文“adding new dimensions”可知，作者的父親讓他相信“新”的經歷更重要。此處的“new”與選項中的“newness”是同源詞。故可判斷出此處指父親為他打開了一片“新天地”。newness“新奇；嶄新”。
11．選C　根據前文“my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area”可知，此處指孩子要有人引導(guide)。
12．選D　根據下文語境可知，此處指給孩子們的世界增添新維度的藝術并不一定需要很多時間。necessarily“必需地”。
13．選A　根據上文“doesn't ________ require a great deal of time”及下文“doing things more often with children”可知，為孩子們的世界增添新維度需要父母和孩子們一起做事。involve“包含；需要”。
14．選B　根據上文“Children are naturally curious”可知，此處指好的父母知道激發孩子們的好奇心(curiosity)。
15．選D　根據下文語境可知，父親帶作者一起看流星的記憶植根于他的記憶中。be rooted in“植根于”。
Ⅱ.語法填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了中國將于2027年發射下一代載人火箭。
1．designer　考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處由不定冠詞a修飾，應用名詞單數形式。此處表示“一位高級火箭設計師”，故填designer。
2．to place　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾plan，應用不定式作定語。故填to place。
3．first　考查序數詞。空前有定冠詞，應用序數詞，表示“第一次發射任務”。故填first。
4．with　考查介詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“擁有”，應用介詞with，構成介詞短語作定語。
5．currently　考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處應用副詞作狀語，說明長征五號目前是中國火箭家族中最大的火箭。故填currently。
6．weighing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，weigh作定語修飾spacecraft，且在此處用作不及物動詞，二者之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞形式。故填weighing。
7．a　考查冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表泛指，表示“一個登月通道”，應用不定冠詞；gateway以輔音音素開頭，故填a。
8．is intended　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，intend作謂語，且與主語rocket之間是被動關系，應用被動語態；描述現在的事實，應用一般現在時，且主語是單數，謂語動詞也應用單數。故填is intended。
9．which　考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，且在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞which引導。
10．scientists　考查名詞復數。scientist作主語，謂語動詞have been planning說明主語是復數。故填scientists。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作(參考范文)
A Source of Inspiration from a Video
I recently watched a video showcasing China's space exploration.In the video, we could see the whole launch process of the aircraft and the astronauts floating gracefully and conducting experiments in the space station.It was a powerful reminder of humanity's determination and the vast potential that lies beyond our world.
As a high school student, the video has motivated me to pursue my dreams and explore the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.It serves as a beacon of inspiration, urging me to keep working hard.It has reminded me that we, the younger generation, have the potential to contribute to the future of space discovery.
3 / 3選擇性必修3　UNIT 2課時作業(三)讀后續寫講評訓練
精品課件·名師析題
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
[1] Carlos and Maya dreamed of becoming space explorers.They loved space and everything about it.They were fascinated by how mysterious space exploration is. They would stay in the library after school reading books about planets and outer space.
[2] On their way home, Carlos and Maya saw a display in the window of a toy store.It was a spaceship. They went inside the store to see how much it cost.They saw the price and it was too expensive.They reached into their pockets and got whatever was left of their allowance. They tried to pool their money together but it still wasn't enough.
[3] They left the store，sad and disappointed. Carlos suddenly realized that his birthday was coming up. Maybe he could ask their parents to buy the spaceship as a gift for his birthday.They both started rushing home.They were excited to tell their parents about the spaceship.
[4] When they got home, they ran straight to their mother who was setting up the table for dinner. They wrapped their arms around their mom's leg. Their mom was curious as to what they were excited about. So, Carlos told their mom what he wanted for his birthday.
[5] Their family didn't have much when it came to money.They were in debt and had bills to pay. So when their dad stopped by the store to see the toy that Carlos wanted, he knew that he was probably going to let his son down. He checked the price and it was too expensive.They couldn't afford it.
[6] On the day of his birthday, Carlos got up early and ran out of the bedroom, excited to see his gift. He was ready to play with it with Maya. But when he got to the living room, he saw a spaceship that was made out of a cardboard box. His dad had made it for him. It had wings on the side and had enough space to ride on. It was a spaceship but it wasn't what he wanted.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Carlos ran back to the bedroom with tears.　
　
The father then started imitating (模仿) the sound of a spaceship.　
　
[寫作構思指導]
一、讀文路徑(把握結構主旨)
二、思考路徑
1．理清故事雙線
2．關注伏筆照應
伏筆1(句①)：暗示續寫部分會提到Carlos對太空充滿極大的想象力。
伏筆2(句②)：暗示Carlos可能會坐上這個玩具飛船。
3．構思續寫內容(運用“5所”構思)
第一段：
①How did Carlos feel？(所感——接續首句)
②Who came and what did she say？(所見、所說——推進情節)
③What did Carlos do？(根據原文伏筆2提出問題，所做——推進情節)
④What did the father do？(所做——銜接下文)
第二段：
⑤What did the father do then (所做——接續首句)
⑥How did Carlos feel (根據原文伏筆1提出問題：所感——推進情節)
⑦What did Carlos and his father do together？(所做——推進情節)
⑧What did Carlos say (所說——故事結尾)
[邏輯潤色成文]
一、寫好兩個關鍵語段
1．請設計Carlos在起床后跑出房間時的所見和所感。
　
　
　
2．請設計一個合理的結尾。
　
　
　
二、銜接好，做到邏輯順暢成文
Carlos ran back to the bedroom with tears. 　
　
　
The father then started imitating (模仿) the sound of a spaceship. 　
　
　
課時作業(三)
一、1.He got out of bed and opened the door. He saw Maya got on the cardboard spaceship but left space in front for him. Carlos wiped his eyes. He could see the excitement in Maya's face so he got on the spaceship.
2．(對話式結尾)Carlos, with a smile on his face, said, “That was the best birthday gift ever. Love you, Dad！”
(畫面式結尾)It was at that moment that Carlos realized the true satisfaction comes from the love of the family rather than other things.
二、　　Carlos ran back to the bedroom with tears. He didn't have breakfast and now he was hungry.He was about to get out of bed when he heard a knock on the door. It was Maya. She said that they had a surprise for him.He got out of bed and opened the door. He saw Maya got on the cardboard spaceship but left space in front for him. (動作描寫) Carlos wiped his eyes. He could see the excitement in Maya's face so he got on the spaceship. (對應伏筆2) Their dad came in and positioned himself behind the spaceship.
The father then started imitating (模仿) the sound of a spaceship. He pushed the cardboard spaceship slowly to go out of the room and then Carlos was surprised to see the stars, the moon and the planets too. He felt like he was in outer space. (對應伏筆1) They spent most of the night on the spaceship, riding across the unknown depths of space. They even took turns driving the spaceship. Carlos and Maya enjoyed letting their imaginations run wild. Carlos, with a smile on his face, said, “That was the best birthday gift ever. Love you, Dad！” (神態描寫，對話描寫)
1 / 3選擇性必修3　UNIT 2課時作業(一)主題閱讀集群訓練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2025·貴陽監測)The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions.Possibly, nowhere is clearer than in its space program, which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探查) the atmosphere around Mars.
The country, over 50 years old, marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station.It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut.Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS.
Alneyadi, 42, was part of a four person NASA Crew 6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space.Alneyadi's time aboard the ISS highlights the country's regional edge in space exploration.
“For me, it was a dream that had come true.It was really amazing, especially for my region，”Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS.“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”
The father of six and long time military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth.
The UAE's president, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, referred to Alneyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement.He said，“Alneyadi's journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity's scientific and civilized march.”
Alneyadi, a PhD holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE, passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months.He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut.
In one of his final social media posts from space, Alneyadi wrote，“Space, this is not a goodbye.I will see you later, whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”
1．What did Alneyadi say about his space exploration
A．It makes him responsible.
B．It is inspiring in his region.
C．It marks a milestone in spacewalks.
D．It is an unrealistic space mission.
2．Why did the UAE's president call Alneyadi his son
A．To express his humor.
B．To maintain their relationship.
C．To show his pride in Alneyadi.
D．To thank Alneyadi's family.
3．What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A．How Alneyadi struggled for his dream.
B．Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut.
C．Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide.
D．How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees.
4．What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future
A．Say goodbye to space.
B．Become an Internet influencer.
C．Work on building a new ISS.
D．Continue his space exploration.
B
(2025·開封模擬)Based on new data from the European Space Agency's Gaia mission and other space science data sets, astronomers have created an animation to model dust in the Milky Way.The work was presented this week at the National Astronomy Meeting.
The animation shows the cumulative build up of dust looking from Earth's local neighbourhood to about 13,000 light years towards the galactic centre — around 10% of the overall distance across the Milky Way.Close by, dust swirls all around but, further out, the concentration of dust along the galactic plane (銀道面) becomes clear.Two“windows”， one above and one below the galactic plane, are also revealed.
“Dust clouds are related to the birth and death of stars, so their distribution tells a story of how structures formed in the galaxy and how the galaxy evolves，”said Nick Cox, coordinator of the EXPLORE Project which is developing the tools.“The maps are also important for cosmologists (宇宙學家) in revealing regions where there is no dust, allowing us to have a clear, unobstructed view out of the Milky Way.This helps in studying the Universe beyond, such as to make deep field observations with Hubble or the new James Webb Space Telescope.”
“State of the art machine learning and visual analytics have the power to greatly enhance scientific return and discovery for space science missions, but their use is still relatively novel in the field of astronomy，”said Albert Zijlstra of the University of Manchester and the EXPLORE Project.“With a constant stream of new data, we have an increasing wealth of information to mine — way beyond the scope of what humans could process in a lifetime.We need tools like the ones we are developing for EXPLORE to support scientific discovery, such as by helping us to characterise properties within the data, or to pick out the most interesting or unusual features and structures.”
5．What can we learn about the animation from the first two paragraphs
A．It is created to replace the dust in the Milky Way.
B．It shows dust in a long span of space.
C．It employs space data from an individual database.
D．The animation hasn't been presented.
6．What can we know from Nick Cox's words
A．The distribution of dust clouds helps to dig the past of the galaxy.
B．Only Hubble and the new James Webb Space Telescope can help explore the galaxy.
C．Cosmologists use maps to find where there are many precious dust clouds.
D．Dust clouds are closely related to the formation and death of various kinds of galaxies.
7．What does Albert think about the EXPLORE Project
A．Fruitless.　　　　　B．Controversial.
C．Unrealistic. D．Challenging.
8．What can be a suitable title for this text
A．Open Invitation of the Wide Galaxy
B．Thrilling Project for the European Team
C．Deep Dive into the Dusty Milky Way
D．Immersing Trip to the Grand Solar System
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 精品課件·名師析題
(2025·亳州模擬)In flight announcements can be crucial in providing important information.__9__ But beyond the “necessities”， are passengers being flooded with too many announcements
Imagine boarding an aircraft late in the evening or during the early hours of the day, eager to get some sleep.After forcing yourself to stay awake for the safety briefing, you fall fast asleep.__10__ It's the captain making an announcement.She's telling you her name, her first officer's name, the name of every flight attendant, and of course, the cruising speed and altitude.Was this really necessary and was it worth being woken up for
__11__ It's anyone deep into a film or two passengers trying to talk to each other.In fact, in flight announcements automatically pause television shows and movies — sometimes coming through your headphones far louder than the volume of whatever you were watching.
Which announcements are necessary There are many in flight announcements that are absolutely necessary.Anything to do with safety and security is, of course, essential.Anything to do with delays and scheduling is also important to know.__12__ I think most people care about those as well.
However, anything beyond these is questionable.Of course, the additional announcements are meant to better connect passengers to the flight crew, the airline, and the overall experience of flying.__13__ But in my opinion, this comes at the cost of the overall flight experience.
So from my point of view, in flight announcements have gotten out of control and need to be controlled.
A．In flight meal options
B．After all, they are rules that should be obeyed.
C．Actually, most of the passengers are likely to feel sleepy.
D．It also seems polite to introduce those who will serve you.
E．It's not just passengers trying to sleep that are interrupted.
F．Suddenly, you're in the air and something has stirred you awake.
G．This might include delays, the local time at destination, and of course, emergencies.
課時作業(一)　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
[A]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了阿聯酋的宇航員Sultan Alneyadi在國際空間站工作六個月后，于周一乘坐SpaceX的太空艙返回地球。該宇航員是第一個在國際空間站外進行太空行走的中東人。
1．選B　細節理解題。根據第四段最后一句可知，Alneyadi認為他的太空之旅在他們地區是鼓舞人心的。
2．選C　推理判斷題。第六段中阿聯酋總統說Alneyadi的旅程表明他們有能力為人類的科學文明進程做出積極貢獻。由此可推知，阿聯酋總統稱Alneyadi為兒子是為了表明他為Alneyadi感到驕傲。
3．選A　段落大意題。根據第七段內容可知，本段主要描述了Alneyadi為實現他的太空夢所付出的努力。
4．選D　細節理解題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，Alneyadi未來會繼續進行太空探索。
[B]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了天文學家制作了一個動畫來模擬銀河系中的塵埃，并介紹了動畫所展示的內容和技術、數據對研究的作用等。
5．選B　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The animation shows the cumulative build up of dust ...towards the galactic centre”可知，該動畫顯示了一大片空間中的塵埃。
6．選A　推理判斷題。根據第三段第一句可推知，塵埃云的分布有助于挖掘星系的過去。
7．選D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段倒數第二句可知，Albert認為EXPLORE項目有一定的挑戰性。
8．選C　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了天文學家制作了一個動畫來模擬銀河系中的塵埃以便更深入地探索布滿塵埃的銀河系。故C項適合作文章標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就飛行過程中過多的廣播是否會給乘客帶來困擾這一問題展開討論。
9．選G　上文說明飛機上的廣播在提供重要信息方面是至關重要的，G項“這可能包括延誤、到達目的地的當地時間，當然還有緊急情況”承接上文，符合語境。其中的“This”指代前句中的“information”。
10．選F　根據上下文可知，當你睡得很熟時，機長在廣播，由此可推知，空處說明你被吵醒了。故F項“突然，你在空中，有什么東西把你驚醒了”承上啟下，符合語境。
11．選E　下文具體介紹了被廣播打擾到的人。故E項“被打擾的不僅僅是想睡覺的乘客”引出下文，符合語境。
12．選A　下文提到：我想大多數人也關心這些。故A項“飛機上的餐食選擇？”銜接下文，符合語境。
13．選D　上文說明有些廣播是為了促進乘客和機組人員之間的關系，由此推斷機組人員的介紹是對乘客的一種禮貌行為。故D項“介紹那些為你服務的人似乎也是禮貌的”承接上文，符合語境。
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